.f1342 :cQN.GRESSIONAL RECORD~SENATE FEBRUARY 22 J'o the people of the United States: quit the political scene, patriotism does . SENATE_ . / FRIENDS ~D FELLOW CITIZENS: The not forbid it. ·. period for a new election of a citize~ to In looking forward to the moment ~HURSDAY, -FEBRUARY 22, 1945 administer the executive government of which is to terminate the career of my the United States being not far distant, political life, my feelings do not permit The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown me to suspend the deep acknowledgment Harris, D. D., offered the following and the time actually arrived when your thoughts must be employed in desig· of that debt of gratitude which I owe to prayer: nating the person who is to be clothed my beloved country, for the many honors Our fathers' God and ours, we pray with that important trust, it appears to it has conferred upon me; still more for today for the Nation that the fathers me proper, especially as it may conduce the steadfast confidence with which it founded. We lift to Thee grateful hearts to a more distinct expression of the has supported me; and for the oppor for the heritage that has come down to public voice, that I should now apprise tunities I have thence enjoyed of mani· us, bought by other toils and other tears you of the resolution I have formed, to festing my inviolable attachment, by than our own·. For great character that decline being considered among the services faithful and persevering, though has been woven into our national fabric, number of those, out of whom a choice in usefulness unequal to my zeal. If blessed be Thy name. Help us this day is to be made. benefits have resulted to our country with vivid vision to see them of old who I beg you, at the same time, to do me from these services, let it always be re feared Thy name and handed on to us the justice to be assured, that this reso· membered to your praise, and as an in· the torch of the Nation's righteousness. lution has not been taken, without a structive example in our annals, that Especially do we give Thee thanks for strict regard to all the considerations under circumstances in which the pas the unselfish service and the stainless appertaining to the relation which binds sions, agitated in every direction, were record of that calm and courageous a dutiful citizen to his country; and that, liable to mislead amidst appearances leader whose crystal spirit and whose in withdrawing the tender of service sometimes dubious, vicissitudes of for calm sword were Thy instruments in lay· which silence in my situation might tune often discouraging-in situations ing the foundation of our state. As we imply, I am influenced by no diminution in which not unfrequently, want of suc· cherish his deeds and repeat his farewell of zeal for your future interest; no defi· cess has countenanced the spirit of warning words, 0 God of hosts, lest we ciency of grateful respect for your past criticism,-the constancy of your support forget, repeat in us the faith which shone kindness; but am supported by a full was the essential prop of the efforts, and on his anxious countenance lifted in an conviction that the step is compatible a guarantee of the plans, by which they agony of prayer from crimsoned ground with both. were effected. Profoundly penetrated where patriots bled. As in these tragic The acceptance of, and· continuance · with this idea, I shall carry it with me hours 'Washington's spiritual sons are hitherto in the office to which your suf· to my grave, as a strong incitement to dying for his creed on Europe's frozen frages have twice called me, have been unceasing vows that heaven may con· fields and on the South Sea's barren a uniform sacrifice of inclination to the tinue to you the choicest tokens of its rocks, hold us fast to our high trust; drive opinion of duty, and to a deference for beneficence-that your union and broth us to our knees for the inner strength what appeared to be your desire. I con· erly affection may be perpetual-that that steadied him whose name we ·rev· stantly hoped that ·it would have been the free constitution, which is the work erence this day. There may we, too, find much earlier in my power, consistently of your hands, may be sacredly main the calming assurance- with motives which I was not at liberty tained-that its administration in every to disregard, to return tothat retirement department may be stamped with wisdom "Conquer we must, from which I had been reluctantly and virtue-that, in fine, the happiness For our cause it is just, drawn. The strength of .mY inclination of the people of these states, under the And this be our motto, to do this, previous to the last election, auspices of liberty, may be made com 'In God is our trust'." had even led to the preparation of an plete by so careful a preservation, and We ask it in the dear Redeemer's name. address to declare it to you; but mature so prudent a use of this blessing, as will Amen. reflection on the then perplexed and acquire to them the glory of recommend· THE JOURNAL critical posture of our affairs with for· ing it to the applause, the affection and On request by Mr. HILL, and by unani • eign nations, and the unanimous advice adoption of every nation which is yet a· mous consent, the reading of the Journal of persons entitled to my confidence, stranger to it. of the proceedings of Monday, February impelled me to abandon the idea. Here, perhaps, I ought to stop. But a 19, 1945, was dispensed with, and the I rejoice that the state of your con· solicitude for your welfare, which cannot Journal was approved. cerns, external as well as internal, no end but with my life, and the apprehen. longer renders the pursuit of inclination sian of danger, natural to that solicitude, MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT incompatible with the sentiment of duty . urge me, on an occasion like the present, Messages in writing from th~ Presl· or propriety; and am persuaded, what· to offer to your solemn contemplation, dent of the United States submitting ever partiality may be retained for my and to recommend to your frequent re nominations were communicated to the services, that in the present circum· view, some sentiments which are there· Senate by Mr. Miller, one of his stances of our country, you will not sult of much reflection, of no inconsider. secretaries. disapprove my determination to retire. able observation, and which appear to me The impressions with which I first all important to the permanency of your READING OF WASHINGTON'S FAREWELL undertook the .arduous trust, were ex· felicity as a people. These will be offered ADDRESS plained on the proper occasion. In the to you with the more freedom, as you The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Under discharge of this trust, I will only say can only see in them the disinterested the standing order of the Senate of that I have, with good intentions, con· warnings of a parting friend, who can January 24, 1901, Washington's Fare· tributed towards the organization and possibly have no personal motive to bias well Address will now be read by the administration of the government, the his counsel. Nor can I forget, as an en· junior Senator from New Jersey [Mr. best exertions of which a very fallible couragement to it, your indulgent recep. SMITH], who has heretofore been desig· judgment was capable. Not unconscious tion of my sentiments on a former and /nated by the Chair to perform that duty. in the outset, of the inferiority of my not dissimilar occasion. Mr. SMITH advanced to the desk and qualifications, experience, in my own Interwoven as is the love of liberty with Eaid: eyes, perhaps still more in the eyes of every ligament of your hearts, no recom· Mr. President and colleagues, I desire others, has strengthened the motives to mendation of mine is necessary to fortify to express my appreciation of the honor diffidence of myself; and,· every day, the or confirm the attachment. of having been designated on this oc· increasing weight of years admonishes The unity of government which consti· casion to read Washington's Farewell me more and more, that the shade of tutes you one people, is also now dear to Address. I call the especial attention of retirement is as necessary to me as it you. It is justly so; for it is a main our audience today to the fact that this will be welcome. Satisfied that if any pillar in the edifice of your real inde. immortal document is addressed "To the circumstances have given peculiar value pendence; the support of your tranquil people of the United States." to my services they were temporary, I ity at home; your peace abroad; of your Thereupon Mr. SMITH read the Fare~ have the consolation to believe ·that. safety; of your prosperity; of that very SS~ell Address, as follows:, · 1Vhlle choice and prudence invite me to liberty which you so highly prize. But ' 1945 ·coN.GRESSIONA~ RECORD-SENATE 1343 as it is easy to foresee that, from differ cure enjoyment of indispensable outlets together by fraternal affection. The in ent causes and from different quarters for its own productions, to the weight, habitants o.f our -western country have much pains will be taken, many artifices influence, and the future maritima lately had a useful lesson on this head; employed, to weaken in your minds the strength of the Atlantic side of tha they have seen, in the negotiation by conviction of this truth; as this is the Union, directed by an indissoluble com the executive, and in the unanimous point in your political fortress against munity of interest as one nation. Any ratification by the senate of the treaty which the batteries of internal and ex .. other tenure by which the west can hold with Spain, and in the universal sat-· ternal enemies will be most constantly this essential advantage, whether de isfaction at the event throughout the and actively (though often covertly and rived from its own separate strength; or United States, a decisive proof how insidiously) directed; it is of infinite from an apostate and unnatural con .. unfounded were the suspicions prop 1noment, that you should properly esti nection with any foreign power, must be agated among them of a policy in the mate the immense value of your national intrinsically precarious. general government and in the Atlantic union to your collective and individual While then every part of our country states, unfriendly to their interests in happiness; that you should cherish a thus feels an immediate and particular regard to the Mississippi. They have cordial, habitual, and immovable attach interest in union, all the parts com been witnesses to the formation of two ment to it; accustoming yourselves to bined cannot fail to find in the united treaties, that with Great Britain and that think and speak of it as of the palladium mass of means and efforts, greater with s·pain, which secure to them every-· of .your political safety and prosperity; strength, greater resource, proportion thing they could desire,· in respect to our watching for its preservation with jeal ably greater security from external dan foreign relations, towards confirming ous anxiety; discountenancing whatever ger, a less frequent interruption of their their prosperity. Will it not be their may suggest even a suspicion that it can, peace by foreign nations; and, what is wisdom to rely for the preservation of in any event, be abandoned; and indig .. of inestimable value, they must derive these advantages on the union by which nantly frowning upon the first dawning · from union, an exemption from those they were procured? will they not hence· of every attempt to alienate any portion · broils and wars between themselves, forth be deaf to those advisers, if such of our country from the rest, or to which so frequently afflict neighboring they are, who would sever them from enfeeble the sacred ties which now link countries not tied together by the same their brethren and connect them with together the various parts. government; which their own rivalship aliens? For this you have every inducement alone would be sufficient to produce, but To the efficacy and permanency of of sympathy and interest. Citizens by which opposite foreign alliances, attach your Union, a government for the whole birth, or choice, of a common country, ments, and intrigues, would stimulate is indispensable. No alliances, however that country has a right to concentrate and embitter. Hence likewise, they will strict, between the parts can be an ade your affections. The name of American, . · avoid the necessity of those overgrown quate substitute; they must inevitably which belongs to you in your national military establishments, which under any experience the infractions and interrup capacity, must always exalt the just pride form of government are inauspicious to tions which all alliances, in all times, of patriotism, more than any appellation liberty, and which are to be regarded as have experienced . . Sensible of this mo derived from local discriminations. particularly hostile to republican liberty. mentous truth, you have improved upon With slight shades of difference, you have In this sense it is, that your union ought your first essay, by the adoption of a con the same· religion, manners, habits, and to be considered as a main prop of your stitution of government, better calculated political principles. You have, in a com liberty, and that the .love of the one than your former, for an intimate union; mon cause, fought and tri11mphed to ought to endear to you the preservation and for the efficacious management of gether; the independence and liberty you of the other. your common concerns. This govern possess, are the work of joint counsels, These considerations speak a persua ment, the offspring of our own choice, and joint efforts, of common dangers, . sive language to every reflecting and uninfluenced and unawed, adopted upon sufferings and successes. virtuous mind and exhibit the continu full investigation and mature .delibera .. But these considerations, however pow ance of the union as a primary object of tion, completely free in its principles, in erfully they addreSied themselves to your patriotic desire. Is there a doubt the distribution of its powers, uniting sensibility, are greatly outweighed by whether a common government can em security with energy, and maintaining those which apply more immediately to brace so large a sphere? let experience within itself a provision for its own your interest.-Here, every portion of our solve it. To listen to mere speculation in amendment, has a just claim to your country finds the-most commanding mo such a case were criminal. We are au confidence and your support. Respect tives for carefully guarding and preserv.. thorized to hope that a proper organiza for its authority, compliance with its ing the union of the whole. tion of the whole, with the auxiliary laws, acquiescence in its measures, are The north, in an unrestrained inter agency of governments for the respec duties enjoined by the fundamental course with the south, protected by the tive subdivisions, will afford a happy maxims of true liberty. · The basis of our equal laws of a common government, issue to the experiment. It is well worth political systems is the right of the finds in the productions of the latter, a fair and full experim-:nt. With such people to make and to alter their consti great additional resources of maritime powerful and obvious motives to union, tutions of government.-But the consti and commercial enterprise, and precious affecting all parts of Jur country, while tution which at any time exists, until materials of manufacturing industry. experience shall not have demonstrated changed by an explicit and authentic act The south, in the same intercourse, bene its impracticability, there will always be of the whole people, is sacredly obliga fiting by the same agency of the north, reason to distrust the patriotism of those tory upon all. The very idea of the sees its agriculture grow and its com who, in any quarter, may endeavor to power, and the right of the people to merce expand. Turning partly into its weaken its hands. establish government, presuppose the own channels the seamen of th~ north, In contemplating the causes which duty of every individual to obey the it finds its particular navigation invigor may disturb our Union, it occurs as mat established government. . ated; and while it contributes, in differ ter of serious concern, that any ground All obstructions to the execution of the ent ways, to nourish and increase the should have been furnished for ·Char laws, all combinations and associations general mass of the national navigation, acterizing parties by geographical dis .. under whatever plausible character, with it looks forward to the protection of a criminations,-northern and southern the real design to direct, control, coun maritime strength, 'to which itself is un.. Atlantic and western; whence designing teract, or awe the regular deliberations equally adapted. The east, in a like in- _ men may endeavor to excite a belief that and action of the constituted authorities, tercourse with the west, already finds, there is a real difference of local inter.. are destructive of this fundamental and in the progressive improvement of ests and views. One of the expedients principle, and of fatal tendency.-They interior communications by land and of party to acquire influence within par serve to orga~ze faction, to give it an water, will more and more find a valuable ticular districts, is to misrepresent the artificial and extraordinary force, to put vent for the commodities which it brings opinions and aims of other districts. in the place of the delegated will of the from abroad, or manufactures at home. You cannot shield yourselves too much nation the will of party, often a small The west derives from the east supplies against the jealousies and heart burn but artful and enterprising minority of requisite to its growth and comfort-ami ings which spring from these misrepre the community; and, according to the what is perhaps of still greater conse sentations; they tend to render alien to alternate triumphs of different parties, quence, it must of necessity owe the se- · each other those who ought to be bound to make the publid administration the 1344 CON_GRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE ;FEBRUARY -22 mirror of the ill concerted and incongru- cline the minds of men to seek security the instrument of good, it is the custom ous projects of faction, rather than the and repose in the absolute power of an ary weapon by which free governments organ of consistent and wholesome plans individual; and, sooner or later, the chief are destroyed. The precedent must digested by common councils, and modi- of some prevailing faction, more able or always greatly overbalance in permanent :fied by mutual interests. more fortunate than his competitors, evil any partial or transient benefit However combinations or associations turns this disposition to the purpose ·of which the use can at any time yield. of the above description may now and his own elevation on the ruins of public Of all the dispositions and habits which then answer popular ends, they are likely, liberty. lead to political prosperity, religion and in the course of time and things, to be- · Without looking forward to an extrem morality are indispensable supports. In come potent engines, by which cunning, ity of this kind, (which nevertheless vain would that man claim the tribute ambitious, and unprincipled men, will be ought not to be entirely out of sight) the of patriotism, who should labor to subvert enabled to subvert the power of the peo- common and continual mischiefs of the these great pillars of human happiness, ple, and to usurp for themselves the reins spirit or party are sufficient to make it these firmest props of the duties of men of government; destroying afterwards the interest and duty of a wise people to and citizens. The mere politician, equally the very engines which have lifted them discourage and restrain it. with the pious man, ought to respect and to un.1ust dominion. It serves always to distract the public to cherish them. A volume could not Towards the preservation of your gov- councils, and enfeeble the public admin trace all their connections with private ernment and the permanency of your istration. It agitates the community and public felicity. Let it simply be present happy state, it is requisite, not with ill founded jealousies and false asked, where is the security for property, only that you steadily discountenance alarms; kindles the animosity of one part for reputation, for life, if the sense of irregular opposition to its. acknowledged against another; foments occasional riot religious obligation desert the oaths authority, but also that you resist with and insurrection. It opens the door to which are the instruments of investiga care the spirit of innovation upon its foreign influence and corruption, which tion in courts of justice? And let us with principles, however specious the pretext. :finds a facilitated access to the govern caution indulge the supposition that One method of assault may be to effect, ment itself through the channels of party morality can be maintained without re in the forms of the constitution, altera- passions. Thus the policy and the will of ligion. Whatever may be conceded to tions which will impair the energy of the one country are subjected to the policy the influence of refined education on system; and thus to undermine what and will of another. ... minds of peculiar structure, reason and cannot be directly overthrowa. In all the There is an opinion that parties in free experience both forbid us to expect, that changes to which you may be invited, re-· · countries are useful checks upon the national morality can prevail in exclu member that time and habit are at least administration of the government, and sion of religious principle. as necessary to fix the true character of serve to keep alive the spirit of liberty. It is substantially true, that virtue or governments, as of other human insti- This within certain limits is probably morality is a necessary spring of popular tutions:-that experience is the surest true; and in governments of a mo- · government. The rule, indeed extends standard by which to test the real tend- narchial cast, patriotism may look with with more or less force to every species ency of the existing constitution of a indulgence, if not with favor, upon the · of free· government. Who that is a sin country:-that facility in changes, upon spirit of party. But in those of the popU cere friend to it can look with indiffer the credit of mere hypothesis and opin- Jar character, in governments purely ence upon attempts to shake the founda ion, exposes to perpetual change from elective, it is a spirit not to be encouraged. tion of the fabric? the endless variety of hypothesis and . From their natural tendency, it is certain Promote, then, as an object of primary opinion: and remember, especially, that there will always be enough of that spirit importance, institutions for the general for the efficient management of your . for every salutary, purpose. And there diffusion of knowledge. In proportion common interests in a country so exten- being constant danger of excess, the , as the structure of a government gives sive as ours, a government of as much . effort ought to be, by force of public force to public opinion, it should be vigor as is consistent with the perfect opinion, to mitigate and assuage it. A enlightened. security of lib~rty is indispensable. Lib- :fire not to be quenched, it demands a As a very important source of strength erty itself will find in such a government, uniform vigilance to prevent it bursting and security, cherish public credit. One with powers properly distributed and ad- · into a :flame, lest instead of warming, it method of preserving it is to use it as justed, its surest guardian. It is, indeed, . should consume. sparingly as possible, avoiding occasions little else than a name, where the gov- . It is important likewise, that the habits of expense by cultivating peace, but re ernment is too feeble to withstand the . of thinking in a free country should in- · membering, also: that timely disburse enterprises of faction, to confine each spire caution in those intrusted with its ments, to prepare for danger, frequently member of the society within the limits . administration, to confine themselves · prevent much greater disbursements to prescribed by the laws, and to maintain . within their respective constitutional repel it; avoiding likewise the accumu all in the secure and tranquil enjoyment spheres, avoiding in the exercise of the lation of debt, not only by shunning oc of the rights of person and property. powers of one department, to encroach casions of expense, but by vigorous exer I have already intimated to you the upon another. The spirit of encroach tions, in time of peace, to discharge the danger of parties in the state, with par- ment tends to consolidate the powers of . debts which unavoidable wars may have ticular references to the founding them all the departments in one, and thus to · occasioned, not ungenerously throwing on geographical discrimination. Let me create, whatever the form of government, - upon posterity the burden . which we now take a more comprehensive view, a real despotism. A just estimate of that ourselves ought to bear. The execution and warn you in the most solemn manner love of power and proneness to abuse it . of these maxims belongs to your repre against the baneful effects of the spirit which predominate in the human heart, · sentatives, but it is necessary that public of party generally. is sufficient to satisfy us of the truth of opinion should cooperate. To facilitate This spirit, unfortunately, is insepara- this position. The necessity of reciprocal . to them the performance of their duty, 1t ble from ow nature, having its root in checks in the exercise of political power, is essential that you should practically the strongest passions of the human ·by dividing and distributing it into differ- : bear in mind, that towards the payment mind.-It exists under different shapes in ent depositories, and constituting each . of debts ·there must be revenue; that to all governments, more or less stified, con- · the guardian of the public weal against . have revenue there must be taxes, that trolled, or repressed; but in those of the invasion of the others, has been evinced . no taxes can be. devised which are not popular form it is seen in its greatest by experiments? ancient and modem; . more or le8s inconvenient and unpleas rankness, and is truly their worst enemy. . some of them in our country and under .· ant; that the intrinsic embarrassment The alternate domination of one fac- our own eyes.-To preserve them must be . inseparable .from the selection of the tion over another, sharpened by the spirit · as necessary as· to institute them. If1 in · proper-object
4, section .I, circular 66, headquarters, First half, .and that 1s the general trend of those HAMU..TON~ IND., February 15, 1945. United States Army, May 18, 1944. the fol whose help has gone. DEAR SENATOR: You folks in Washington lowing-named officers and enlisted men are · In the case of our local board, one of. the have us country folks dizzy. We are -almost awarded the Silver Star ior gallantry in members told me they had to tal~e the as bad as Mrs. . Roosevelt-don't know .action: farmers, as industry can get the1rs defez-red. whether we are coming or going. • • • • • If the Tycllilgs amendment -amoltllts to any Is the Tydings a.mendment a law or a Teno Roneallo. 01298441, first lieutenant thing, why doesn't Congress see that it is myth? (then second lieutenant). Company A, Eight enforced. We farmers are mighty tired of In a few weeks it wiU be time for us to eenth Infantry. Flor gallantry in action in this and ready to quit. Maybe ·when food put out our -crops and get at our spring work, Normandy. France. June 12. 1944. suppl.ie.s get low enough. Washington will but will we .have help to harvest our crops? Residence at :appointm~mt: Laramie, Wyo. .wake up, but already it is very late. What can we expect.? · -• ...... Can't .something be done? On one news broadcast General Hershey By command of Major General Huebner: Sincerely, says by JUly 1 every able-bodied man under S.B. MASON, WAYNE WILLIAMSON, 26 will be in the Army and on the next Coronet, G. S. C., . broadcast someone will say all essential farm Chief of Staff. ALFA-KORN FARM, workers will be !.eft at home. We know that Official: Sy :racuse, Inp,., February 12, 1945. Isn't so, for they have just inducted our son LEONIDAS GAVALAS, Hon. RAYMOND E. WILLIS, ln ·the service. He 1s now stationed at Camp Lieutenant Colonel, A . G. D., United States Senate, Washington, D. C. Hood in· Texa-s. Adjutant General. DEAX SENAToa: I am writing you in regard We farm 590 acres in Steuben Oounty, Ind., to the policies of Selective Service in our S_tate and help look after and .tnanage 440 acres in HEADQUARTERS. EIGHTEENTH INFANTRY, as affecting farm boys between 18 and 26 Williams County. Ob1o, owned by the Eden A. P. 0. 1, U. S. Army, August 1, 1944. years of age. Hoop & Lumber Co., in which we own a two thirds interest; also, buy the timber and help GENERAL ORDERS, NO . 11 It seems to me, and to many others, queer about how thls problem is being handled. to keep the mill going that. m~nufactures ll. Under the provisiGms of War Depart bushel-b.asket material for fruit packages ment circular No. 186, datEd .May 11, 1944, Just before these boys were called in for their physical examinations last TUesday, another essential agricUlture product." the following-named office.rs -and enl~ted Now, in my mind, 1f there is a boy in the men are awarded the Combat Infantryman Feb1·uary 6, we were told that it was not ex pected that these boys would be inducted into country that is essential, my son should have Badge, eitective January 1. 1944, for exem filled that requirement beeause he looked plary conduct in . action against the enemy: servlee immediately. However, in talking to our local board 'Friday, February 9, I was _told after all of the machinery and kept it run Roncalio, Teno, second • lieutenant, ning, besides combining and picking corn 0-1298441. to prepare for induction of my hired hand and partner, Eldon Watkins, who has been for our neighbors-aU the time he could • • • • with me 8 year.s. spare from home. I have now two hired By order of Colonel Smith: men--one hired s)nce my son left---both DoN 0. CURRIER, The board seemed to think that all boys in this age group who were not living on and under 2li and good boys to "-'ark but neither Captain, Infantry, Adjutant. qualified to. go ahead and do the work my Official: zn.anaging their own farms would be called son did. very soon. 1 also understand that our appeal DON 0. CURRmR, I don't know whether you are personally Captain, Infantry, Adjutant. board has been instructed to turn more or less a cold shoulder to any appeals being made acquain:ted with our farming or not, but LABOR SUPPLY ON FARMS on behalf of these boys. To my way of think -W{)uld llke f.or YQU to eheck with such men ing this is very unnecessary .and unfair. as Clyde Carlin, Girt Gnagy, Jud.dy Gilbert, Mr. WILLIS. Mr. President. we are There is something very peculiar and hard to J{)hn Taylor, Paui:Bachlor. Carl Redding, Cary Covell, or anyone that kn{)WS. all concemed about the great drain upon understand about the sudden haste of trying · the labor supply on ·the farms of our to get these farm boys into the Army. .If it wouldn't be too much bother for you, country. In my opinion we have been This boy. Eldon Watkins, has been deferred Wlsh you would take this matter up with CLIFF CLEVENGER~ as my son lived in Edon and confronted with a direct contravention continuously under the provisions of the TYd was draft-ed In Bryan, Cliff's home town. of the Tydings amendment in the draft ings amendment without any special request on my part except that I ask-ed for his first He could ask sueh men as Bill Knepper, ing·of farm labor. In order that all Sen deferment. He is now 23 years old and just Russel Maxwell, Harlan Pool, Art Mauerhan, ators may read them, I ask unanimous received his class deferment in Decem Gus .Gephart, Charles Freyman. or anyone he n-c to consent. to have ·inserted in the RECORD ber extending to June 13. -cares ask. at this point, as a part of my remarks, I am not seeking any special favors, · but You know a father is a poor person to j~dr:re three letters which I have received from looking the situation squarely in the face. I his own son, I would rather someone else dld think something should be done to .stop this that -and I guess they did, but I still think substantial farmers residing in the State mad rush until this situation can be given a they made a mistake. · · of Indiana, which set forth the situation fair apprai-sal. I look on an tcrmy as a football team, this draft problem pTesents. If all these young men are taken away f.rom composed of 11 men, but only 1 carrying There being no obJection, the letters our community produ-ction will be given a the ball and he woulctn•t get very far jf it were ordered to be printed in the REc- terrible set-back. This boy combined 300 Wa5!1't for the other 10. acres last -year besides helping operate over Now I am not writing this letter to you ORD... as follows: · 250 acres, raising 200 hogs and milking 10 to k~ep my son out of the- Army (he is in INDIANOLA SroCit FARM:, cows. Our production will be cut back 75 the Army). I thought maybe some of these Economy, Ind. percent if he is taken away. draft boards needed checking, because I know Senator WILLIS, They claim that our county has too many if they take boys out of agriculture all over Washington, D. C. deferments in ratio with other counties of the United States like roy son, it will just DEAR SIR: I am writing to tell you of my the State. I am not in position to know about be too bad. · probl.em, which is only one of many in Wayne this. · However,. I do know that Kosciusko They are making a mistake they wm never County. County has 3,300 farms and is one of . the forget, because it wm just be impossible for My .farm consists of 320 acr.es, a dalry; :also largest counties in Indiana. Much of the the rest of us to raise enough food tO go sheep, hogs, and the crops oi corn, soybeans, floating labor in our community is employed, around, and it takes time to raise a crop; wheat, oats, hay. and poultry. in the spring, summer, -and fall, by city folks you -can't do it overnight. I have 2 sons who help opera:te this farm, who come to the lake resorts. The wa~s and · There are only a few days to put out a one 1.5 years old, a freshman in school, and a working conditions there are too attractive crop, a week too soon or a week too late is i9-year-old boy. The latter has received his for them to even consider working in a har all wrong and lots of times will cut your induction papers for February 28. I asked vest field or driving a tra-ctor. crop in half. the local board if they would defer him at I am sure there are many people in this I don't think there is anything personal in least until school was -out, but they refused. county who are of the same opinion as I, drafting my son because neither of us even I then went to Ule .State board, but they but it would be a great task indeed under knew who was on the board, neither did I also refused. present conditions to g-et their signature to a -go and try to get him deferred; that is their I am telling you of my case, as I know it petition. Therefore, I am appealing to -you, job and I sure don't begrudge them their is best, but only last month about 40 boys in person, to use your utmost influence to job either. This draft business needs clear were sent from. this county and almost all of · ,obtain a just consideratisn of this highly im ing up at once because there is no use in them farmed from .200 to 400 acres. portant question at once. I feel that delay planting a crop if you can't harvest it, and If Washington officials think farmers. are will mean disaster. planting time is just around the corner. I going ahead just the same, they are in for a Yours sincerely, am not the only farmer that don't know good f{)oling. If you have any knQwledge of · SHUMAN DEATON. where I am at. There are millions just like -the farm situation, you know h.b:'ing belp P. s.--COpy of this letter is oeing sent to .me. ' other tba:u what we already have 1s impossi Senator CAPEHART, al~ our Governor, Ralph· Yours truly, ble. · hs in my case I will have to reduce by Gates, of Indiana. · .M. E. DEwiRE. 1354 CON_GRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE FEBRUARY 22 ORDER OF BUSINESS address, delivered by Senator FERGUSON in Christmas I was hoping to be with my par· Springfield, Ill., February 12, 1945, which ap ents but instead I had a reunion with Mr. McFARLAND obtained the floor. pears. in the Appendix.] oblivion. Mr. HILL. Mr. President, will the CURFEW ON ENTERTAINMENT PLACEs My parents, 31 of my imme~iate rela Senator from Arizona yield? tives, chi~dren, young girls, old women, and ADDRESS BY WILLIAM L. SHIRER 1 Mr. McFARLAND. I yield. men were massacred and burned to death Mr. HILL. I wonder if the Senator [Mr. THOMAS of Utah asked and obtained in the· most brutal blood crime by the Ger would not yield the floor at this time leave to have printed in the RECORD a radio man barbarians-as reprisal. All the village address on the recent order imposing a mid population wiped out by the now world 'and let us finish the routine morning night curfew on the Nation's entertainment famous· German extermination methods. business. I understand the Senator de- places delivered by William L. Shirer . on There's no end to their atrocities. . sires to address the Senate for about February 19, 1945, which appears in the Ap I am a citizen of America and so were 15 minutes. As the Senator knows, pendix.) my parents. I am left alone now with a under the rule of the Senate no Senator brother in the Navy, and I swear· now that LAW AND PEACE-POEM BY JAMES P. we are not through with these twentieth may speak more than 5 minutes until McGOVERN we finish the morning hour. I wonder century barbarians that have brought hu [Mr. MEAD asked and obtained leave to manity so much suffering, misery, and hard· if the Senator would not yield so that have printed in the REcORD a poem, entitled ships. They shall pay for all that. we may conclude the routine morning "Law and Peace," written by James P. Mc * * * • • business. · Govern, and originally printed in the Journal Most respectfully, Mr. McFARLAND. I am perfectly of the Bar Association of the District of Sergeant PRIF"l'I. Columbia, which appears in the Appendix.] willing to do that. I had no intention HENRY WALLACE-EDITORIA~ FROM THE of interfering with the morning hour. THE YALTA AGREEMENT-EDITORIAL COMMONWEAL PROPOSED CHANGE OF REFERENCE OF FROM SALT LAKE TRIBUNE Mr. MYERS. Mr. President, I wish . M. V. A. BILL (S. 555)-POSTPONEMENT [Mr. MURDOCK asked and obtained leave to bring to the attention of the Senate OF CONSIDERATION OF RESOLU'riON to have printed in the RECoRD an editorial · an editorial published in the February entitled "The Crimean Agreement One of The PRESIDING OFFICER LIN9QLN · AND on&: FOREIGN!. .. POLICY- ~ , yo~unteerect · to~ come · ove:r~ ·a-·third· time~· J "griarantee-· a 'job ·for ev-eeyone-· af:ter- tlle' TODAY-ADORES& BY - SBNA-T()~ J ~ -- . so I could lo~ate my parents. -.:. ·- - - . b f . all f th . b """'- . ·-· . . -- . . Albania. is. ·tree now, but what· a · terrible ~ .. :w~r •.a ~o. o.r . · Q . ose . oys-.w.uu are=-:-= GU~ON price she paid· . ~ -Like CZechoalo:v.akia>?- .Al-:.:;.r J!gll.t~~.. m :the~. P~~ and, in. _Eurape, ..., [Mr. Wn.LIS asked,. and.. obtained·~ leave: to banta-,. too, had. its' L1~1c.e:-=m-y· village: ·bi-l':tB!!.:~ :. ~.e -· -must -find. · wa.ys .. of. expanding.. .our. have printed in· the RECoao. a Lineoln ·Day place-~orova;; · · economy;• We must increase;:. our volume • 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~SENATE 1355 . of foreign trade and we must enlarge ganda on the part of interested small groups Mr. LANGER. I could not hear clear our industries at home: and Mr. Wallace thr,oughout the country-principally, big ly on this side of the Chamber how much has proven that he will work wit:& the farmers and monopolistic big business. That ~here should be an active National Business the Senator said Mr. Wallace had saved President to accomplish these ends. Plen's Committee for Wallace, including a. ~he country py mean.s of the food-stamp He has demonstrated splendid admin number of pretty large-scale operators, bank plan. istrative ability. He made a great Secre ers, and industrialists, should make it clear Mr. MYERS. I did not mention any tary of Agriculture, during a period t~at Wallace was stating the simple truth particular amount. I said that Mr. Wal when farmers were losing their crops and when he said: "The current situation is not lace was largely responsible for initiat their farms. By initiating such projects pne of personalities, neither is it one of ing the food-stamp plan. as soil conservation, crop insurance, personal prestige.'' rural electrification, farm security, and These words, by the way, are from a speech Mr. LANGER. I thank the Senator. given in New York, January 29, before the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Morn the food-stamp plan Mr. Wallace saved members of the Union for Democratic Action farmers from economic ruin. It was at ing business is concluded. The Chair and under the auspices of the New Republic. recognizes the Senator from Arizona this time, too, that he supervised the Such a group would scarcely include any lending of more than $6,000,000,000. great number ,of Catholics, yet Mr. Wallace ![Mr. McFARLAND]. And, finally, Mr. Wallace is a practical chose to play what can only be called an FREE COMMUNICATION AND EXCHANGE man. He does not fear the future but innocent prank upon his audience. In dis OF NEWS IN THE POST-WAR WORLD boldly faces the problems of the future. cussing the dangers of vast accumulated wealth in private hands, he said: "The mea Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. ~resident, all He is no dreamer of idle dreams, but cries sure of the power of this octopus is the ex of us are interested in plans for keep- out to all of us: "Let us make America traordinary attack which is going .on against ing the peace; all of us want a future worthy of the dreams of all our fighting me right now. With regard to financial peaceful world; but I am not so idealistic men." power let me quote from a very experienced or visionary as to believe that peace can Mr. President, I ask that the editorial observer: 'In our days not alone is wealth only be won either by talking about it from the Commonweal be published as a accumulated but immense power and des or by maintaining it by force of arms. part of my remarks in the CONGRESSIONAL potic economic domination is concentrated in the hands of a few; and those few are fre History and common sense tell us that RECORD. quently not the owners but only the trustees the surest way of keeping peace is to There being no objection, the editorial · and directors of invested funds who adminis remove the causes of war, or at least, as was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, ter them at their good pleasure. This power many 1 to believe fo1· one moment that we cal! _!!ld, there~?re~ th~ Dto.st concerped witb investment in communications facilities 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 1357 of Ute newest and finest type by the Mr. HILL. Was the distinguished follows: That the Senate recede from its dis· Army and the Navy, scattered all over senior Senator from Wyoming [Mr. agreement to the amendment of the House, the world, and the fact that our allies O'MAHONEY] a member of the conference and agree to the same with an amendment, as follows: In lieu of the matter inserted by are already reluctant to hand baclc to us committee? - the House amendment insert the following: such equipments, even though we need Mr. McCARRAN. He was. "That the Congress hereby declares that the them for expanding military operations. Mr. HILL. Was he in full accord with continued regulation and taxation by the I cite these facts, Mr. President, be the report? sev.eral States of the business of insurance is cause increasing attention on the part Mr. McCARRAN. Yes; he signed the in the public interest, and that silence on the of the Army and the Navy and other report which I hold in my hand. All the part of the Congress shall not be construed Government departments has been given the confereees have signed the report. to. impose any barrier to the regulation or . taxation of such business by the several to the matter of actively proposing and Mr. HILL. I knew that the Senator States. endorsing, as a first step, a plan for the from Wyoming had some ~iews . which "SEC. 2. (a) The business of insurance, and creation of a single, integrated American perhaps were different from those of every person engaged therein, shall be sub· communications company engaged in .the chairman of the committee and of ject to the laws of the several States which overseas or international traffic. other Senators on the committee. relate to the regulation or taxation of such That is one view. There are others. Mr. McCARRAN. I know that. In business. But there is no disagreement over one the -last 2 days we have gone over his "(b) No Act of Congress shall be construed fact, namely, that something must be to invalidate, impair, or supersede any law Views and other views, and we have just enacted by any State for the purpose of regu· done to improve American international concluded our considerations. lating the business of Insurance, or which communications. Mr. HILL. I take it that the Senator imposes a fee or tax upon such business, Congress is not wholly unaware of this from Wyoming has signed the report Unless such Act specifically relates to the problem. We know that despite the and is agreeable to having it now con business of insurance: Provided, That after magnificent wartime job which has been sidered; is that correct? January 1, 1948, the Act of July 2, 1890, as done, our international communications Mr. McCARRAN. He has signed it amended, known as the Sherman Act, and the Act of October 15, 1914, as amended, known companies have not afforded an ade 1n its present form, as I would file it. as the Clayton Act, and the Act of Septem· quate peacetime communications system Mr. HILL. Then, I suppose the Sena· ber 26, 1914, known as the Federal Trade Com commensurate with this Nation's pre tor from Wyoming does not desire to be mission Act, ·as amended, shall be applicable eminent world position. Because of that present when it is filed and considered. to the business of insurance to the extent fact, the Senate. more than a year ago, Does the Senator from Nevada know that such business is not regulated by state authorized a study to be made of this whether that is true? law. problem. That study grew in part out Mr. McCARRAN. I have just parted "SEc. 3. (a) Until January 1, 1948, the Act of the original investigation of domestic with him in the room of the Committee of July 2, 1890, as amended, known as the Sherman Act, and the Act of October 15, 1914, communications, and it resulted in legis on the Judiciary. He knew I was com as amended, known as the Clayton Act, and latiol\. to make possible the merger of ing to the :floor to move the consideration the Act of September 26, 1914, known as the the two domestic telegraph companies. of the report. That is the only answer I Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended, I think it is well to remind the Senate can give. and the Act of June 19, 1936, known as the that the original recommendations, Mr. LA FOLLETTE. Mr. President, Robinson-Patman Antidiscrimination Act, made nearly 4 years ago, called atten will the Senator yield to me? shall not apply to the business of insurance tion the international communica or to acts in the conduct thereof. to Mr. HILL. I yield. "(b) Nothing contained in this Act shall tions situation and cited the need for Mr. LA FOLLETTE. I do not know render the said Sherman Act inapplicable to action on it, even before Pearl Harbor. what is contained in the report; but I any agreement to boycott, coerce, or intimi The current study of international com do know there has been a widespread in date; or act of boycott, coercion, or intimida munications has gone on since last April; terest in its subject matter. It would tion. important facts have been adduced. I seem to me that if the report is to be con "SEC. 4. Nothing contained in this Act hope, and I ·know that the other mem sidered, other Senators who may not be shall be construed to affect in any manner bers of the committee studying the com familiar with the proceedings in the con the application to the business of insurance of the Act of July 5, 1935, as amended, known munications problem also hope, that we ference committee should be given no as the National Labor Relations Act, or the shall soon be able to move forward ac tice and a quorum should be present, so Act of June 25, 1938, as amended, known as tively with legislative proposals which that all Members of the Senate would be the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 or the will give us an adequate post-war com able to hear the Senator's explanation Act of June 5, 1920, known as the Merchant munications system. of the report. Marine Act, 1920. Mr. HILL. Mr. President, under the "SEC. 5. As used in this Act, the term REGULATION OF THE BUSINESS OF IN- "State" includes the several States, Alaska, SURANCE-CONFERENCE REPORT circumstances I do not think I can yield at this time for that purpose. Perhaps Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the District of Mr. HILL obtained the floor. by the time I have concluded my re Columbia. Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President "SEC. 6. If any provision of this Act, or the marks, which will not be very lengthy, application of such prov~ion to any person Tlie PRESIDING OFFICER TO AIR CORPS Second Lt. William Numsen Lucke, Corps Second Lt. David Christy Warwick, Air Second Lt. Albert Carl Hegenberger, In of Engineers (temporary captain). Corps (temporary major). . fantry (temporary first lieutenant), with Second Lt. Calvin Aldrich Heath, Infantry Second Lt. Joseph Szabo, Infantry (tempo rank from June 1, 1943. (temporary lieutenant colonel). rary major), subject to examina-tion required Second Lt. Ernest Hinds, Field Artillery Second Lt. Robert John MacGregor Fyfe, by law. · (temporary first lieutenant), with rank from Jr., Infantry (temporary major). Second Lt. Robert Harrison Zimmerman, June 1, 1943. Second Lt. Robert Clark Storey, Infantry Coast Artillery Corp (temporary captain). (temporary major). . Second Lt. Joseph Francis Dunn, Coast PROMOTIONS IN THE REGULAR ARMY OF THE Second Lt. Joseph Thornell Stephens, Field Artillery Corps (temporary major). UNITED STATES Artillery (temporary major)~ Second Lieutenant Willard Olcott Foster, TO BE FIRST LIEUTENANTS WITH RANK FROM Second Lt. Joseph Olai Stensland, Infantry Jr., Cavalry (temporary major). FEBRUARY 20, 1945 (temporary major), subject to examinatioll: Second Lt. Edward Nicholas Wellems, In Second Lt. Lamar Asbury Welch, Infan 1·equired by law. . fantry (temporary lieutenant colonel). try (temporary lieutenant colonel). Second Lt. Adolph John Leocha, Coast Ar Second Lt. Kenneth Lee Garrett, Air Corps Second Lt. Jean Koke Lambert, Infantry tillery Corps (temporary major). (temporary lieutenant colonel). (temporary major). . Second Lt. Arthur Webster Hodges, Jr., In · Second Lt. Robert McDonald Shannon, Jr., Second Lt. Robert Ernest Conine, Infantry fantry (temporary major). Corps of Engineers (temporary major). (temporary lieutenant colonel). Second Lt. Corson Landrum Hilton, Jr., In· Second Lt. Harold Easton Nelson, Corps of Second Lt. William Jones Williams, Ooast fantry (temporary major). Engineers (temporary major). Artillery Corps (temporary captain). Second Lt. Harold Vincent Maixner, In Second Lt. Vitaly Kovalevsky, Field Artil Second Lt. Robert Edmund Hand, Field Ar fantry (temporary major). . lery (temporary major). tillery (temporary major) . Sacond Lt.· Richard Oliver Gordon, Chemi Second Lt. Gordon Buford Patton, Field Second Lt. Verle Douglas Miller, Infantry cal Warfare Service (temporary major). Artillery (temporary major). (temporary lieutenant colonel). Second Lt. Emery Ellis Bellonby, Coast Ar Second Lt. James Beal Kelly, Field Artillery Second Lt. Frank Henry Stone, Infantry tillery Corps (temporary lieutenant colonel). (temporary captain). · (temporary lieutenant colonel). Second Lt. Phillip Haines Baker, Coast Ar· Sacond Lt. Franklin Milton Davis, Jr., Cav- Second Lt. Samuel Meyer Lipton, Corps of tillery Corps (temporary captain). alry (temporary major). . Engineers (temporary lieutenant colonel). Second Lt. William Robert Tuck, Cavalry Second Lt. Walter Eugene Burrell, Coast Second Lt. Lucien Fairfax Keller, Infantry (temporary lieutenant colonel). Artillery Corps (temporary major). . (temporary major). Second Lt. George Abbott Lucey, Cavalry Second Lt. Robert Louis Sweeney, Jr., Cav Second Lt. Arthur James DeLuca, Infantry (temporary captain), subject to examina alry (temporary major). (temporary captain): tion required by law. Second Lt. Walter Leroy Miller, Jr., In Second Lt. Thomas Carlton Reddington, Second Lt. Jack Carl Maldonado, Coast 'fantry (temporary captain). Field Artillery (temporary captain), subject Artillery Corps (temporary major). "Second Lt. Robert James Morgan, Field Second Lt. John William Barrett, Infantry Artillery (temporary major). to-examination required by law. (temporary major). Second Lt. Paul Julian Maline, Coast Ar- Second Lt.· John Arthur Ford, Quarter- Second Lt. Thomas Kleberg Hughes, Signal master Corps (temporary major). . tillery Corps (temporary major). , Corps (temporary captain). Second Lt. John Farwell Mitchell, Field Ar Second Lt. Robert Maurice Johnson, Signal Second Lt. Jay Byron Mowbray, Infantry Corps (temporary major), subject to exam~ tillery (temporary captain). (temporary captain) . Second Lt. James Virgil Johnston, Jr., In nation required by law. Second Lt. Robert Leslie Bereuter, Infantry Second Lt. Joseph Alva Ogle, Field Artil fantry (tempol;ary major), subject to exami- (temporary major). nation required by law. · lery (temporary captain). Second Lt. Carl William Plitt, Infantry Second Lt. Henry John Schutte, Jr., Coast Second Lt. Donald Norman Cameron, In (temporary major). Artillery Corps (temporary captain), subject fantry (temporary captain). Second Lt. John Arthur Martin, Chemical Second Lt. Gene Richard Welch, Infantry to examination required by law. Warfare Service (temporary lieutenant colo Second Lt. Clinton Fort Matthews, Signal (temporary captain). nel). subject to examination required by law. Corps (temporary major). Second Lt. John Charles Liggett, Signal Second Lt. John Allen Coulter, Infantry Second Lt. Frank Fairfield Carr, Cavalry Corps (temporary major). (temporary captain). · (temporary lieutenant colonel). Second Lt. David Dorsey Hulsey, Chemical Second Lt. Walter John Rankin, Field Ar Szcond Lt. Carly Howard Schofield, In Warfare Service (temporary major). tillery (temporary"· major) . fantry (temporary major). Second Lt. Frank ·Clifford Healy, . Cavalry Second Lt. Richard Leo Dooley, Field Ar Second Lt. Robert Thomas Larson, Infantry (temporary captain), subject to examinat_ion tillery (temporary captain). (temporary captain). . reauired by law. . . . Second Lt. John Elliott Arthur, Jr., Coast Second Lt. Carl Peden Croninger, Cavalry Second Lt. Hunter Marion Brumfield, In Artillery Corps (temporary captain). . · (temporary major). fantry (temporary major). Second Lt. George Thomas Mehalko, Coast Second Lt. Henry John Muller, Jr., In Second· Lt. Irvin Marshall Rice, Corps of Artiliery Corps (temporary first lieutenant).. fantry (temporary lieutenant colonel). Engineers (temporary lieutenant ·colonel). Second Lt. Wiley Freeman Shaver, Jr., Second Lt. George Irvin Forsythe, Infantry S~cond Lt. James Byron Scherer, Field Ar Coast Artillery Corps (temporary major) . . (temporary lieutenant colonel). tillery (temporary captain). Second Lt. Wilbur Craig Boyce, Jr., Coast Second Lt. Robert Charles Forbes, Infantry Second Lt. Frederick Claus Zumsteg, Field Artillery Corps (temporary major). · (temporary major). Artillery (temporary captain). Second Lt. Henry Gast9n Mitchel 3d, Field Second Lt. Edmund Francis Driscoll, In- So--eond Lt. Kenneth Mace Gonseth, Signal Artillery (temporary captain). fantry (temporary lieutenant colonel). _ Corps (temporary lieutenant colonel). Second Lt. Clarence Frank Sills, Field Artll- Second Lt. Maurice Katz, Infantry (tem S~cond Lt. George Marcel Cummins, Field lery (temporary major). , porary first lieutenant). Artillery (temporary major), subject to ex Second Lt. Thomas Glen Ferguson, Field Sscond Lt. Herbert Leonard Peavy, Field amination required by law. Artillery (temporary captain). Artillery (temporary lieutenant colonel). · Second Lt. Raymond Elmer Smart, Jr., Air Second Lt. Niels Marius Dahl, Infantry Second Lt. Boylston Brooks Lewis, Air Corps · (tempm;ary· major). · (temporary captain). Corps (temporary captain). Second Lt. Claude Esmond Bailey, Jr., In Second Lt. Daniel Francis Munster, Quar Second Lt. Ernest Charles Mcinnis, Jr., fantry (temporary captain). termaster Corps (temporary major). Field Artillery (temporary major). Second Lt. William Timothy J:atter, Field Second X,t. Maynard Clayton Raney, Signal Second Lt. Andrew Lacock Cox, Coast Ar Artillery (temporary _captain). tillery Corps (temporary captain), subject to Corps (temporary lieutenant colonel}. ' Second Lt. Wayne Harold Lee, Ordnance Second Lt. James Arthur Hebbeler, Field examination required by law. Department (temporary captain). Second Lt. Charles Parsons Clark, Jr., Field Artillery (temporary major). Second Lt. William Joshua Logan, Coast Second Lt. Kenneth Loring Booth, Field Artillery (temporary major). Artillery Corps (temporary captain). Second Lt. Ferdinand Frederick Glomb, Jr., Artillery . (temporary lieutenant colonel). Second Lt. Fredrick Kenneth Hughes, Cav Second Lt. Joseph Briggs DeVennish, Air Air Corps (temporary major). alry (temporary captain). subject to exami Corps (temporary captain). Second Lt. William Waldorf Barnes, Infan nation required by law. Second Lt. James Elmer Simmons, Infan try (temporary captain). · Second Lt. Leonard James Goodsell, Corps try (temporary major). Second Lt. Carroll Bernard McElroy, Air of Engineers (temporary major) . . Second Lt. John William Jennings, Jr., Corps (temporary captain), subject to exam Second Lt. Marshall Owen Becker, Infantry, Field Artillery (temporary major). ination required by law. (temporary captain). Second Lt. Gregory Jackson Skinner, Corps Second Lt. Francis Xavier Leary, Field Ar Second Lt. Kenny Walter Erickson, Infantry of Engineers (temporary major). tillery (temporary major), subject to exam- (temporary major). Second Lt. Vincent Louis Ruwet, Infantry ination required by law. · . Second Lt. Joseph Michael Williamson, (temporary major). Second Lt. Almon Louis Hugins, Jr., In Field Artillery (temporary lieutenant colo· Second Lt. Myron Thorne Johnston, Field fantry (temporary major). nel). . · Artillery (temporary major). Second Lt. Tom Billie Strother, Coast Ar· Second Lt. David Albert Glle, Coast Artll· Second Lt. Thomas Charles Comuy, Air tillery Corps (temporary major). · Iery Corps (temporar;v major). Corps (temporary lieutenant colonel). XCI--86 1362 "CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 22 Second Lt. Joseph Louie Coleman, Quar~ Second Lt. James Grover Holland, Jr., In• Second Lt. Rob.ert Mayer Hamilton, Infan- termaster Corps (temporary captain). fan try (temporary major). try (temporary major). _ Second Lt. Paul Millman Morrill, Infantry Second Lt. Glenn B. Daughton, Signal Corps Second Lt. Elbridge Lee Snapp, Quarter (temporary major). (temporary captain). master Corps (temporary captain). . Second Lt. Paul Frederick Lawson, In· s-econd Lt. Jose Antonio Andino, Chemical Second Lt. Leonard Charles Miller, Chem fan try (temporary captain). Warfare Service (temporary major). ical Warfare Service (temporary lieutenant S ::! cond Lt. Hugh Porter Stubbs, Jr., Field Second Lt. Raymond Geyer Jones, Field colonel), subject to examination required by Artillery (temporary major). Artillery (temporary captain). law. Second Lt. Elmer Schmierer, Infantry Second Lt. Ralph Scott Johnson, Infantry Second Lt. J ames Edwin Foley, Air Corps (temporary major). (temporary first lieutenant) • . (temp01~ary captain}. Second Lt. Frank Ovid Hamilton, Field Ar- Second Lt. Robert Warren Perkins, Coast IN THE NAVY tiJlery (temporary major). - Artillery Corps (temporary first lieutenant)~ Second Lt. Charles Albert Jones, Jr., Corps subject to examination required by law. Capt. Henry M. Briggs, United States Navy, of Engineers (temporary captain). Second Lt. Edward George Uhl, Ordnance to be a commodore in the Navy, for tempo~ Second Lt. Maurice Clavelle Holden, In- Department (temporary major). rary service, to continue while serving as fantry (temporary major). · Second Lt. Howell Edward Cobb, Coast Ar· chief of staff to commander, Caribbean Sea Second Lt. Warren Grant Leonard, Ord tillery Corps (temporary captain). Frontier, and until reporting for other per nt.nce Department (temporary captain), sub Second Lt. Henry Koepcke, Jr., Infantry manent duty. Capt. Johri Perry, United States Navy, to ject to examination req~ired by law. (temporary major). Second Lt. Robert Holmes Pettee, Infantry Second Lt. Albert John Wetzel, Jr., Ail• be a rear admiral in the Navy, for temporary (temporary captain). Corps (temporary captain). service, to rank from the 19th day of Octo· · Second Lt. Edward Thielens Peeples, Coast Second Lt. Louis Arthur Waple, Coast Ar ber 19~3. Artillery Corps (temporary captain). tillery Corps (temporary captain). Capt. Davenport Browne, United States Second Lt. Martin Jack Manhoff, Infantry Second Lt. Jack Helm Remele, Coast Ar Navy, to be a commodore in the Navy, for (temporary captain). _ tillery Corps {temporary captain) . temporary service, to continue while serving Second Lt. Paul V. Hannah, Coast Artillery Second Lt. Robert Elwood Kimball, Signal as assistant chief of staff (personnel) to Corps (temporary captain). Corps (temporary major). . commander, Western Sea Frentier, and until Second Lt. William .Friedman, Infantry Second Lt. William Edward McBride, In· reporting for other permanent duty. (temporary captain). fantry (temporary major). Capt. Paul F. Foster, United States Naval Second ·Lt. Richard French Cox, Coast Artil _ Second Lt. Rex Applegate, Infantry (tem Reserve, to be a· commodore in the Naval Re~ lery Corps (temporary captain). . porary lieutenant colonel), subject to_exam serve, for temporary service, to continue Second Lt. Harry Babcock Brown, Field Ar ination required by law. while serving as Assistant Naval Inspector tillery (temporary captain). Second Lt. Jesse Thomas, Jr., Corps of General. Second Lt. Jesse Melvin Charlton, Jr., In Engineers (temporary captain). fantry (temporary major). · Second Lt. Arden Wirth Dow, Infantry CONFIRMATIONS Second Lt. Robert Sigman Regenstein, (temporary lieutenant colonel). Executive nominations confirmed by Quartermaster Corps (temporary major). Second Lt. Frederick Allen Hippey, Field the Senate February 22, 1945: Second Lt. Daniel Campbell Brawner, Air Artillery (temporary major). Corps (temporary lieutenant colonel). Second Lt. Herman Martin Volheim, Infan THE JUDICIARY Secord Lt. Robert Frank Garner, Jr., Chem try (temporary captain), subject to examina DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA ical Warfare Service (temporary major). tion required by law. Bolitha .J. Laws to be Chiet Justice of the Second Lt. George William Smith, Field /_r .. Second Lt. Roger Jerome Aull, Field Artil District Court of the United States for the tillery (temporary captain). lery (temporary captain) . District of Columbia. Second Lt. Walter Ferson Tucker, Field Second Lt. Patrick Joseph Gibbons, Jr., Artillery (temporary captain). Infantry (temporai:'y major). DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY Second Lt. Thomas Nugent Courvoisie, Second Lt. William Walter Harvey, Jr., Capt. Ezra G. Allen to be Director of Budget Field Artillery (temporary captain). Infantry (temporary lieutenant colonel). and Reports in the Department of the Navy, Second Lt. Carl Morrison Allen, Jr., Coast Second Lt. James Edward Hammer, Field with the rank of rear admiral, for a term of 3 Artillery Corps (temporary captain). Artillery (temporary major). yejlrs. Second Lt. William Cecil Crawford; In Second Lt. Victor Lee Cary, Quartermaster PosTMASTER fantry (temporary major), subject to ex Corps (temporary lieutenant colonel), sub~ ~W YORK amination required by law. ject to examination required by law. Albert W. Rogers, Franklinville. Second Lt. William Woodrow Cozad, Quar Second Lt. Clare Norton Lyke, Field Artil termaster Corps (temporary first lieutenant). lery (temporary captain). Second Lt. George Herbert De Chow, .In Second Lt. Allen William Rodeheffer, Fiel~ fantry (temporary major). Artillery (temporary captain). Second Lt. Howard Marquard Hansen, Sig Second Lt. Thomas James Camp, Jr., Field HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nal Corps (temporary major). Artillery (temporary major). Second Lt. John McAdams, Infantry (tem Second Lt. John Locke Cheney, Field Artil~ THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 1943 porary major) . lery (temporary captain). Second Lt. George William Carter, Infantry Second Lt. Charles Raymond Graham, Ord The House met at 12 o'c1ock noon and (temporary major). nance Department (temporary captain). was called to order by the Speaker pro Second Lt. Robert Callen Russell, Quarter Second Lt. Wallace Erwin Bjornson, Signal tempore, Mr. McCoRMACK. master Corps (temporary major). Corps (temporary captain). The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Mont Second Lt. Milton Clark Hess, Quartermas Second Lt. Jerald Morris Davies, Air Corps ter Corps (temporary major). (temporary captain). . gomery, D. D., offered the following Second Lt. Thomas Furman Spencer, Corps Second Lt. Anthony Pierre Bonnaffon, Field prayer: of Engineers (temporary captain). Artillery (temporary captain). The Lord God omnipotent reigneth, Second Lieutenant William Walter Sedr, Second Lt. Stuart Campbell Williams, Field early will we seek Thee and pray that Corps of Engineers (temporary major). Artillery (temporary major) . Second Lt. Donald Palmer Boyer, Jr., In Second Lt. Thomas Raymond Cross, Infan Thou wilt hear our humble prayer. We fantry (temporary major). try (temporary major) . are Thine by creation and redemption, Second Lt. Kenwood Ross, Ordnance De Second Lt. Philip Clare Calhoun, Infantry and we ·rejoice that all mortals over partment (temporary major), subject to (temporary major). whom the skies bend are in the folds of examination required by law. · Second Lt. Ferdinand Herman Flick, Coast the Father's love. Our times are in Thine Second Lt. Dayton W1llis Eddy, Infantry Artillery Corps (temporary captain). hands; if there be things we cannot help, (temporary lieutenant colonel). Second Lt. David Lane Aldinger, Cavalry may we leave them to Thee without Second Lt. George Edwin Bucklin, Infantry (temporary captain). (temporary major). Second Lt. Robert Rorbach Fisk, Ordnance anxiety and unhappy contemplation, be~ Second Lt. Charles Gilliland Renfro, Field Department (temporary major). lieving that all things work together for Artillery (temporary major). Second Lt. Benjamin Paul Blasingame, Sig good to them who love the Lord. Second Lt. Viron Edward Bird, Finance De nal Corps (temporary captain). Almighty God, today we honor him partment (temporary captain). . , Second Lt. Ben L(lmar Anderson, Infantry whose dust sleeps on the banks of yonder Second Lt. Leo Martin Kane, Quartermaster (temporary major). river; we praise Thee for the genius and ·Corps (temporary captain). Second Lt, Orwin Clark Talbott, Infanti:y sacrifice of our forefathers. Through Second Lt. John Kearns Muller, Corps of (temporary major). Engineers (temporary captain). Second Lt. James Dunceith Beckett, Infan . faith in a God of justice they widened the Second Lt. Jack wesley Streeton, Air Corps try (temporary major). bounds of freedom for all time. 0 keep (temporary captain), subject to examination Second Lt. Charles Woodburn Matheny, Jr., . us true to our trust and responsibility and required by law. . Field Artillery (temporary major). animate us with the same power that the Second Lt. Alton Davis Arnold, Corps of Second Lt. Ira Christian Rumburg, Infan foundations of our Republic may remain Engineers (temporary lieutenant colonel), try (temporary lieutenant colonel), secure. to bless mankind forever; lead .1945 'CON_GRESSIONAL RECORD---:-HOUSE . 1363 us all up the hills of time until Christen public voice, that I should now apprise tunities I have thence enjoyed of mani~ dom conquers and civilization triumphs you of the resolution I have formed, to festing my inviolable attachment, by through Christ, the sinner's friend. decline · being considered among the services faithful and persevering, though Amen. number of those, out of whom a choice in usefulness unequal to my zeal. If benefits have resulted to ·our country The Journal of the proceedings of yes .. is to be made. I beg you, at the same time, to do me from these services, let it always be re~ terday was read and approved. · the justice to be assured, that this reso•. membered to your praise, and as an in~ WASHINGTON'S FAREWELL ADDRESS .: . lution has not been taken, without a structive example in our annals, that The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu..: strict regard to all the considerations under circumstances in which the pas ant to a special order agreed to on Feb·· appertaining to the relation which binds sions, agitated in every direction, were ruary 16, 1945, the Chair recognizes the a dutiful citizen to his country; and that, liable to mislead amidst appearances gentleman frbm Missouri [Mr. BENNETT]. in withdrawing the tender of service sometimes dubious, vicissitudes of for~ - to read Washington's Farewell Address. which silence in my situation might tune often discouraging-in situations imply, I am influenced by no diminution in which not unfrequently, want of suc CALL OF THE HOUSE r .of zeal for your future interest; no deft~ cess has countenanced the spirit of Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I make ciency of grateful respect for your past criticism,'-the constancy of your support the point of order tha.t a quorum is not kindness; but am supported by a full was the essential prop of the efforts, and present. conviction that the step is compatible · a guarahtee of the plans, by which they The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi~ with both. were effected. Profoundly penetrated . dently a quorum is not present. The acceptance of, and continuance . with this idea, I shall carry it with me Mr. RAMSPECK. I move a call of hitherto in the otnce to which your suf~ to my grave, as a strong incitement to the HoUse. frages have twice. called me, have been unceasing vows that heaven may . con~ A call ·of the House was ordered. - a uniform sacrifice of inclination to the . tinue to you the choicest tokens of its The Clerk called. the roll, and the fol~ opinion of duty, and to a deference for beneficence-that your union and broth~ lowing Members failed to answer to their · what appeared to be your desire. I con~ erly affection may be perpetual-that names: stantly hoped that it would have been the free constitution, which is the work [Ron No. 26] much earlier in my power, consistently of your hands; may be sacredly main~ Baldwin, N. Y. Elsaesser Morgan with motives which I was not at liberty . tained-that its administration in every Barry Fogarty Murray, Tenn.- to disregard, to .return to that retirement department may be stamped with wisdom Beall Folger Norrell Bender Gardner Norton from which I . had _ been reluctantly and virtue-that, in fine, the happiness Biemiller Gavin Patman drawn. The strength of my inclination of the people of these states, under the Bishop Gearhart Patterson to do this, previous to the last election, auspices of liberty, may be made com- Bolton Gei'lach Peterson, Fla. had even led to the preparation of an . plete by so careful a preservation, and Boren Granger Pfeifer Bradley, Mich. Gregory Pittenger address to declare it to you; but mature so prudent a use of this blessing, as will Brumbaugh Griffiths Price, Fla. reflection on the then perplexed and acquire to th~m the glory of recommend~ Buckley - Gwinn, N.Y. Quinn, N. Y. critical posture-of ou~ affairs with for~ ing it to the applause, the affection and Buffett Harless, Ariz. Reed, N.Y. eign nations, and the unanimous advice Bunker. . Havenner Ri~rs adoption of every nation which is yet a Burch Hays Robertson, Va. of persons entitled to. my confidence, stranger to it. · Burgin Heffernan Roe, N.Y. impelled me to abandon the idea. Here·, perhaps, I ought to stop. But a Byrne, N :'Y. Heidinger Rogers, Mass. . Campbell Herter Rogers, N.Y. I rejoice that the state of your con~ solicitude for your welfare, which cannot cannon, Fla. Hoeven Rowan cerns, external as well as internal, no end but with my life; and the apprehen~ carnalian Huber Ryter longer renders the pursuit of inclination sion of danger, natural to that solicitude, Celler · Johnson, Sadowski Clements Luther A. Sheridan incompatible with the sentiment of duty urge tne, on an occasion like the present, Coffee Johnson, Okl~;,. Short or propriety; and am persuaded, what~ to offer to your. solemn contemplation, Colmer Judd Simpson, Pa. ever partiality may be retained for my . and to recommend to your frequent re~ Cooley Kelley, Pa. Smith, Ohio services, that in the present circum~ Courtney Keogh Stockman view, some sentiments which are the re~ curtis Kirwan Taylor stances of our country, you will not suit of much reflection, of no inconsider~ Daughton, Va. Knutson Thomas, N. J, disapprove my determination to retire. able observation, and which appear to me Dawson Kopplemann Thomas, Tex. The impressions with which I . first Delaney, Kunkel Torrens . all important to the permanency of your James J. LaFollette Towe · · · undertook ~ the arduous trust, were ex~ felicity as.a people. These will be offered Delaney, Landis Vinson plained on the proper occasion. In the to you with the more freedom, as you John J. Lane Weaver discharge · of this trust, I will only say can only see in them the disinterested Dickstein Latham Weichel Dirksen LeFevre Weiss that I have, with good intentions, con~ warnings of a parting friehd, who can Durham Luce White tributed towards the organizatton, _and possibly have no personal motive to bias Eaton McGlinchey Winter administration of the government, the Ellsworth Mahon Woodhouse his counsel. Nor can I forget, as an en~ best exertions of which a very fallible couragement to it, your indulgent recep~ The SPEAKER pro tempore. On this judgment was capable. Not unconscious tion of my sentiments on a former and roll call, 323 Members have answered to in the outset, of the inferiority of my not dissimilar occasion. their names. A quorum is present. qualifieations, e~erwnce. in my own Interwoven as is the love of liberty with - On motion by Mr. RAMSPECK, further eyes, perhaps still more in the eyes of every ligament of your hearts, no recom~ proceedings under the call were dis· others, has strengthened the motives to mendation of mine is necessary to fortify pen:::ed with. · ~ diffidence of myself; and, every day, the or confirm the attachment. 1 increasing. weight of years· admonishes WA.SHINGTON'S F~_EWELL ADDRESS · . The unity of government which consti:.. : me more and more, that the shade of tutes you one people, is also riow dear to The SPEAKER ·pro tempore. The retirement is as necessary to me as it gentleman from Missouri [Mr. BENNETT] will be welcome. Satisfied that if any you. It is justly so; for it is a main is recognized to read Washington's Fare circumstances have given peculiar value pillar in the edifice of your real inde~ well Address. . to my services they were temporary, I pendence; the support of your tranquil~ Mr. BENNETT of Missouri read the have the consolation to believe . that, lity at home; your peace abroad; of your Farewell Address, as follows: · while choice and prudence invite me to safety; of your prosperity; of that very liberty which you so highly prize. But To the people of the United States: quit the political scene, patriotism does · as it is easy to foresee that, from differ~ FRIENDS AND FELLOW CITIZENS: The not forbid it. period for a new election of a citizen to In looking forward to the moment ent causes and from differenh_quarters administer the executive government of which is to terminate the career of my much pains will be taken, many artifices the United States being not far distant, political life, my feelings do not permit employed, to weaken in your minds the and the time actually arrived when your me to suspend the deep acknowledgmen,t conviction of this truth; as this is the thoughts must be employed in desig .. of that debt of gratitude which I owe to point in your political fortress against nating the person who is to be clothed my beloved country, for the many honors which the batteries of internal and ex~ with that important trust, it appears to it has conferred upop me; still more for ternal enemies will be most constantly me proper, especially as it may. conduce the steadfast confidence with which it and actively (though often covertly and to a more distinct expression of the _ has supported m~; a~d for the opp.or..: insidiously) directeq; it is of infinite 1364 ·coNGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 22 moment, that you should properly 'esti nection with any foreign power, must be agated among them of a policy in the mate the immense value of your national intrinsically precarious. general government and in the Atlantic union to your collective and individual While then every part of our country states, unfriendly to their interests in happiness; that you should cherish a thus feels an immediate and particular regard to the Mississippi~ They have cordial, habitual, and immovable attach- interest ·in union, all the parts com been witnesses to the formation of two tment to it; accustoming yourselves to bined cannot fail to find in the united treaties, that with Great Britain and· that think and speak of it as of the palladium mass of means and efforts, greater with Spain, which secure to them every 1of your political safety and prosperity; strength, greater resource, proportion thing they could desire, in respect to our ;watching for its preservation with jeal ably greater security from external dan foreign relations, towards confirming ous anxiety; discountenancing whatever ger, a less frequent interruption of their their prosperity. Will it not be their may suggest even a suspicion that it can, peace by foreign nations; and, what is wisdom to rely for the preservation of ~ in any event, be abandoned; and indig of inestimable value, they must derive these advantages on the union by whlch 'nantly frowning upon the first dawning from union, an exemption from those ·they were procured? will they not hence- 1of every attempt to alienate any portion broils and wars between themselves. . forth be deaf to those advisers, if such lof our country from the rest, or to which so frequently afllict neighboring they are, who would sever · them from enfeeble the sacred ties which now link countries not tied together by the same their brethren and connect them .with 'together the various parts. government; which their own rivalship aliens? I For this you have every inducement alone would be sufficient to produce, but To the efficacy and permanency of of sympathy and interest. Citizens by which opposite foreign alliances, attach your Union, a government for the whole birth, or choice, of a common country, ments, and intrigues, would stimulate is indispensable. No alliances, however that country has a right to concentrate and embitter. ~ence likewise, they will strict, between the parts can be an ade your aifections. The name of American, avoid the necessity · of those 'OVergrown quate substitute; they must inevitably which belongs to you in your national military establishments. which under any experience the infractions and interrup capacity, must always exalt the just pride form of government are inauspicious to tions which all alliances, in all times, of patriotism, more than any appellation liberty, and which are to be regarded as have experienced. Sensible of this mo derived from local discriminations. particularly hostile to republican liberty. mentous truth, you have improved upon With slight shades of difference, you have In this sense it is, that your union ought your first essay, by the adoption of a con the same religion, manners, habits, and to be considered as a main prop of your stitution of government, better calculated political principles. You have, in a com liberty, and that the love of the one than your former, for an intimate union, mon cause, fought and triumphed to ought to endear to you the preservation and for the efficacious management of gether; the independence and liberty you of the other. your -common concerns. This govern possess, are the work of joint counsels, These considerations speak a persua ment, the offspring of our own choice, and Joint efforts, of common dangers, sive language to every reflecting and uninfluenced and unawed, adopted upon sufferings and successes. virtuous mind and exhibit the continu full investigation and mature delibera , But these considerations, however pow• ance of the union as a primary object of tion, completely free in its principles, in erfully they addressed themselves to your patriotic desire. Is there a doubt the distribution of its powers, ·uniting sensibility, are greatly outweighed by whether a common government can em security with energy, and maintaining those which apply more immediately to brace so large a sphere? let experience within itself a provision for its own your interest.-Here, every portion of our solve it. To listen to mere speculation in amendment, has a just claim to your country finds the most commanding mo such a case were criminal. We are au c'on:fidence and your support. Respect tives for carefully guarding and preserv .. thorized to hope that a proper organiza-· for its authority, compliance with it s ing the union of the whole. tion of the whole, with the auxiliary laws, acquiescence in its measures, are The north, in an unrestrained inter agency of governments for the respec duties enjoined by the .fundamental course with the south, protected by the tive subdivisions, will afford a happy maxims of true liberty. The basis of our equal laws of a common government, issue to the experiment. It is well worth political systems is the right of the finds in the productions 'Of the latter, a fair and full experiment. With such people to make and to alter their consti great additional resources of maritime powerful and obvious motives to union, tutions of government.-But the consti and commercial enterprise, and precious affecting all parts of our country, while tution which at any time exists, until materials of manufacturing indm;try. experience shall not have demonstrated changed by an explicit and authentic act The south, in the same intercourse, bene• its impracticability, there will always be of the whole people, is sacredly obliga fiting by the same agency of the north, reason to distrust the patriotism of those tory upon all. The very idea of the sees its agriculture grow and its com who, in any quarter, may endeavor to power, and the right of the people to merce expand. Turning partly into its weaken its hands. establish government, presuppose the own channels the seamen of the north, In contemplating the causes which duty of every individual to obey the it finds its p.1.rticular navigation invigor- . may disturb our Union, it occurs as mat established government. ated; and while it contributes, in differ ter o.f serious concern, that any ground All obstructions to the execution of the ent ways, to nourish and increase the should have been furnished for char laws, all combinations and associations general mass of the national navigation, acterizing parties by geographical dis., under whatever plausible character, with it looks forward to the protection of a criminations,-northern and southern the real design to direct, control, coun maritime strength, to which itself is un Atlantic and western; whence designing teract, or awe the regular deliberations equally adapted. The east, in a like in men may endeavor to excite a belief that and action of the constituted authorities, tercourse with the west, already finds, there is a real difference of local inter are destructive of this fundamental and in the prog.ressive improvement of ests and views. One of the expedients princip!e, and of fatal tendency.-They interior communications by land and ot_party to acquire influence within par serve to organize faction, to give it an water, will more and more find a valuable ticular districts, is to misrepresent the artificial and extraordinary force, to put vent for the commodities which it brings opinions and aims of other districts. in the place of the delegated will of the from abroad, or manufactures at home. You cannot shield yourselves too much nation the will of party, often a small The west derives from the east supplies against the jealousies and heart burn but artful and enterprising minority of requisite to its growth and comfort-and ings which spring from these misrepre the community; and, according to the what is perhaps of still greater conse sentations; they tend to render alien to alternate triumphs of different parties. quence, it must of necessity owe the se each other those who ought to be bound to make the public administration the cure enjoyment of indispensable outlets together by fraternal affection. The in . mirror of the ill concerted and incongru for its own productions, ·to the weight, habitants of our western country have ous projects of faction, rather than the influence, and the future maritime lately had a useful lesson on this head; organ of consistent and wholesome plans strength of the Atlantic side of the they have seen, in the negotiation by digested by common councils, and modi Union, directed by an indissoluble com the executive. and in the unanimous fied by mutual interests. munity of interest as one nation. Any ratification by the senate of the treaty However combinations or associations other tenure by which the west can hold with Spain, and in the universal sat of the above description may .now and this et!sential advantage, whether de .. isfaction at the event throughout the then answer popular ends, they are likely, rived from its own separate strength; or United States, a decisive proof how. in the course of time and things, to be !rom an- apostate and unnatural con ... unfounded were the suspicions prop_..:. __ come potent engines, by which cunning, 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD'-HOUSE 1365 ambitious, and unprincipled men, will be ought not to be entirely out of sight) the of patriotism, who should labor to subvert enabled to subvert the power of the peo common and continual mischiefs of the these great pillars of human happiness, ple, and to usurp for themselves the reins spirit or party are sufficient to make it these firmest props of the duties of men of government; destroying afterwards the interest and duty of a wise people to and citizens. The mere politician, equally the very engines which have lifted them discourage and restrain it. with the pious man, ought to respect and to unjust dominion. It serves always to distract the public to cherish them. A volume could not Towards the preservation of your gov councils, and enfeeble the public admin.. trace all their connections with private ernment and the permanency of your istration. It agitates the community and public felicity. Let it simply be present happy state, it is requisite, not with ill founded jealousies and false asked, where is the security for property, only that you steadily discountenance alarms; kindles the animosity of one part for reputation, for life, if the sense of irregular opposition to its acknowledged against another; foments occasional riot religious obligation desert the oaths authority, but also that you resist with and insurrection. It opens the door to which are the instruments of investiga care the spirit of innovation upon its foreign influence and corruption, which tion in courts of justice? And let us with principles, however specious the pretext. finds a facilitated access to the govern caution indulge the supposition that One method of assault may be to effect, ment itself through the channels of party morality can be maintained without re in the forms of the constitution, altera passions. Thus the policy and the will of ligion. Whatever may be conceded to tions which will impair the energy of the one country are subjected to the policy the influence of refined education on system; ~nd thus to undermine what and will of another. minds of peculiar structure, reason and cannot be directly overthrown. In all the There is an opinion that parties in free experience both forbid us to expect, that changes to which you may be invited, re countries are useful checks upon the national morality can prevail in exclu .. member that time and habit are at least administration of the government, and sion of religious principle. as necessary to fix the true character of serve to keep alive the spirit of liberty. It is substantially true, that virtue or governments, as of other human insti This within certain limits is probably morality is a necessary spring of popular tutions:-that experience is the surest true; and in governments of a mo .. government. ·The rule, indeed extends standard by which to test the real tend narchial cast, patriotism may look with with more or less force to every species ency of the existing constitution of _a indulgence, if not with favor, upon the of free government. Who that is a sin country:-that facility in changes, upon spirit of party. But in those of the popu .. cere friend to it can look with indiffer the credit of mere hypothesis and opin lar character, in governments purely ence upon attempts to shake the founda .. ion, exposes to perpetual change from elective; it is a spirit not to be encouraged. tion of the fabric? the endless variety of hypothesis and From their natural tendency, it is certain Promote, then, as an object of primary opinion: and remember, especially, that there will always be enough of that spirit importance, institutions for the general for the efficient' management of your for every salutary purpose. And there. diffusion of knowledge. In proportion common interests in a country so exten being constant danger of excess, the as the structure of a government gives sive as ours, a government of as much effort ought to be, by force of public force to public opinion, it should be vigor as is consistent with the perfect opinion, to mitigate and assuage it. A enlightened. security of liberty is indispensable. Lib .. fire not to be quenched, it demands a As a very important source of strength erty itself will find in such a government, uniform vigilance to prevent it bursting and security, cherish public credit. One with powers properly distributed and ad .. into a flame, lest instead of warming, it method of preserving it is to use it as justed, its surest guardian. It is, indeed, should consume. sparingly as possible, avoiding occasions little else than a name, where the gov .. It is important likewise, that the habits of expense by cultivating peace, but re .. ernment is too feeble to withstand the of thinking in a free country should in.. membering, also, that timely disburse .. enterprises of faction, to confine each spire caution in those intrusted with its ments, to prepare for danger, frequently member of the society within the limits administration, to confine themselves prevent much greater disbursements to prescribed by the laws, and to maintain within their respective constitutional repel it; avoiding likewise the accumu.. all in the secure and tranquil enjoyment spheres, a voiding in the exercise of the lation of debt, not only by ·shunning oc .. of the rights of person and property. powers of one department, to encroach casions of expense, but by vigorous exer I have already intimated to you the upon another. The spirit of encroach .. tions, in time of peace, to discharge the danger of parties in the state, with par.. ment tends to consolidate the powers of debts which unavoidable wars may have ticular references to the founding them all the departments in one, and thus to occasioned, not ungenerously throwing on geographical discrimination. Let me create, whatever the form of government, upon posterity the burden which we now take a more comprehensive view, a real despotism. A just estimate of that ourselves ought to bear. The execution and warn you in the most solemn manner love of power and proneness to abuse it of these maxims belongs to your repre .. against the baneful effects of the spirit which predominate in the human heart, sentatives, but it is necessary that public of party generally. is sufficient to satisfy us of the truth of opinion should cooperate. To facilitate This spirit, unfortunately, is insepara .. this position. The necessity of reciprocal to them the performance of their duty, it ble from our nature, having its root in checks in the exercise of political power, is essential that you should practically the strongest passions of th~ human by dividing and distributing it into differ .. bear in mind, that towards the payment mind.-It exists under different shapes in ent depositories, and constituting each of debts there must be revenue; that to all governments, more or less stifled, con .. the guardian of the public weal against have revenue there must be taxes, that trolled, or repressed; but in those of the invasion of the others, has been evinced no taxes can be devised which are not popular form it is seen in its greatest by experiments ancient and' modem; more or less inconvenient and unpleas .. rankness, and is truly their worst enemy. some of them in our country and under ant; that the intrinsic embarrassment The alternate domination of one fac .. our own eyes.-To preserve them must be inseparable from the selection of the tion over another, sharpened by the spirit as necessary as to institute them. If, in proper object wa~ referred to in the testimony in the in the Vincent Hotel in Benton Harbor, .truth is just not in him. So I will have gratld jury investigation conducted by Mich. I said: "Get your facts together. to write to the president of this local in one William Power Maloney, who was There is no question but that you should Benton Harbor, and I think they cover referred to by the United States Supreme have an increase. Let me have the St. Joseph, too, and tell him, "Now, you Court as being a, pettifogging shyster. facts. I am your bargaining agent down have to get away from those fellows who Now a pettifogger, according to Funk & in Washington whether you like it or are telling all those lies, because when .Wagnalls, is said to be "an inferior law not. You believe in this collective-bar you mix up three or four lies and send yer, especially one . chiefly employed on gaining program, and I am your bar them out about me, I cannot stay up mean or petty cases, or resorting to small gaining agent, elected by a substantial nights and work overtime to help you or tricky methods"; a shyster is "a law majority. Now you get all your facts to on this . other feature." It takes too yer who practices in an unprofessional gether and send them down to me. I will much of my time to expose those false manner; hence, anyone who conducts appear for you before the Board and do hoods your buddies print. I do not mean his business in a tricky manner." all I can to get favorable action." But by that that I will not help that local and So the U. A. W.-C. I. 0. and its na the lawyer who represented the unions its members in spite of the lies they tell, tional legislative representative, one would not do it. Perhaps he was afraid in spite of all the rotten eggs they sling, Erving Richter, are reduced to using as I might really get some increase in wages and in spite of all the names they call. one of their tools, the handiwork, the for them, and he would not get the credit They cannot pry me ·loose from trying products, the finished products, an in for it, because from that day to this- to do my best for the honest worl{ers in dictment emanating chiefly from Wil . more than 2 years from the date of that that district, because that is my job and liam Power Maloney, an inferior lawyer, conference-they never said a word as long as I am here I am going to do it. chiefly employed on a mean or petty case about that wage increase to me, although Then they go orr in this release to say and who, to get an indictment, resorted I was here ready to help them, expecting that they not only lobbied for the break to small and tricky methods. if I did perhaps they might get a correct ing of this wage scale, or perhaps not the You will recall also that Maloney with view of my attitude and give me support breaking of that scale, but to secure an his muckrake dragged in many other in the coming election. Unworthy increase in wages for certain groups, but, fine, loyal people and organizations, such thought? But you know how it goes; we this legislative representative goes fur as the Daughters of the American Revo like to do favors, and we like to receive ther and says: "The delegates also lob lution, the American Legion. them, especially when we think they are bied for a permanent F. E. P. C., for the I make reference to this for the reason due us. So I said to this gentleman who Gilmore - Wagner -Ferguson manpower· that the young man who called upon me called on me last week or the week bill and for the confirmation of Wallace.'' after the other C. I. 0. delegates called before: "Now, I will go along with you Now, how and why are they interested but learned I was at a committee meet on this thing, I will be glad to, but I wish in Wallace? Maybe they think Wallace ing was a good union official, a fine man. when you do your lobbying you would is going to give them the 60,000,000 jobs. I did not hand out these pamphlets; stick to union activities. I wish you They do not realize that Wallace just gentlemen who said they represented the would confine your efforts to getting bet spends tax money. That the men Wal C. I. 0. asked for them when they came ter working conditions and higher wages lace condemns are the ones who create to the oftice when I happened to be ab for those who are doing the work and get that word "create"-the jobs and pay sent, so I am advised by the office force, not stick your nose into a hundred and the wages out of sales. and they were given these pamphlets; one other problems which are not strictly . and any one of you gentlemen who wants labor questions or problems." THERE IS NO LIMIT one can have one. I bought them; I paid Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. Mr. Speaker, there is apparently no for them. I paid for sending out those Speaker; will the gentleman yield? limit to what some of the international that were sent out and distributed. I Mr. HOFFMAN. I yield to the gentle ists will do to aid other nations. We are did not pay for them out of congressional man from Minnesota. now told that for its own safety the salary, either; I paid for them with some Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. The United States of America must sign up money ihat I had before I ever came to gentleman referred to some lawyer up on some sort of a Dumbarton Oaks pro Washington. I still have a little-not there who claimed to represent the labor posal, surrender a portion of its sover much, but a little; and I am going to men in his district. Apparently this eignty, bind itself to aid in the settlement buy some more of these pamphlets and lawyer stopped the labor men from get of the quarrels in which other nations, hand them to folks. I only wish a mil ting hundreds of thousands of dollars in intent upon the preservation and exten lion people could read a copy. What the additional wages that the gentleman sion of their own national interests, may C. I. 0. does not like about it is the fact from Michigan wanted to get for them? become involved. that I circulated maybe a few thousand Mr. HOFFMAN. I do not . know Some of the internationalists of this in my district. The trouble is the pam whether he stopped them or not, but I country are ready, not only to haul down phlet tells a little of the truth about the do lmow that he did not send the facts the Stars and Stripes to run up in lieu Communists and the c. I. 0. down here which I asked him to send. thereof an international flag, but they You know, there are all sorts of C. I. 0. Let me repeat, this young man are ready to strip America of her natural organizations just the same as there are Walter T. Casebier-who came to my of resources; of her material wealth, and all sorts of societies and all sorts of indi fice, was all right. He was a fine, young they are also willing to sacrifice Ameri viduals. Some C. I. 0. organizations American citizen. He is president of can youth-the young men of the United are·all right; some, the majority of their U. E. R. & M. W. of A., local No. 931. But States of America - on battlefields officers are all right, and some of them he is in bad company, when he gets in throughout the world, provided they and are just as crooked as the devil himself, with an outfit which puts out false state the United States of America can have a and just as wicked, and just as bad; and ments. Here come these other fellows, place at the poker table of the power ~homas himself, the president of the like this man Richter, who is national politicians of the world. Detroit C. I. 0.-I think it was representative of the U. A. W.-C. I. 0., The Government founded by the fore recently refused to attend a convention and who puts out this false release for all fathers; the principles enunciated by because he said it was controlled by the local labor papers there, . trying to Communists. The young man who lead members of the local unions to be Washington; the outline of Government came to my office was a fine young fellow. lieve that I misused public funds. He set forth in the Constitution are not suffi He had a good case. His point was that sends it around to the congressional of cient for them nor, they think, for our the workers in the southwestern part of fices, and he sticks in here one lie after people. Michigan were on a lower wage scale another. Some of the releases may be It will be noted if a careful survey is than workers doing the same kind of true, but I do not know how much of it made that those who are most anxious work in the eastern part of the State is accurate. When he writes that both to have us involved, yes entangled in Pontiac, Detroit, Flint, and around in Michigan Senators agreed to this, that, or world affairs who insist that the sons of there-and they are, and employers as the other, I have no way of knowing America must be sent to do battle in well as employees want it raised. Natu about that and I do not care about it, every land, on every sea; on every island rally they want a wage increase. I told but when he states over here that I mis throughout the world, are. those who those men-union officials, mind you-2 used Government funds to send out these themselves take no active part in the years ago I met with a commi_ttee·of them pamphlets or for any other purpose, the war. They shed no blood and seldom r 1370 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY _22 I does a drop of perspiration appear any- furter's aged uncle into a concentration armed services. In view of the foregoing where on them. They are.principally en camp. These factors, plus the persecution or statement that Frankfurter and Stimson hls race, long before Pearl Harbor made have long been intimate friends and gaged, as a. rule, in telling other people Frankfurter one of the most energetic and ·how to carry on their business; how effective promoters of in'tervention. that Frankfurter has ihfluence in · the other people's quarrels should be settled Several times his friends have. suggested War Department, some of us are begin or themselves making a profit out of the that a Supreme Court Justice should nnt ning to wonder whether the acceptance war. meddle 1n the executive branch of the Gov of the Communists as officers who can · There is no limit to which they will not ernment; that the Constitution created the send our sons to death on foreign soil is go in selling America. short; in ai«;ling judiciary as a check on the executive, not a. due to Frankfurter's infiuenee? collaborator; that he should not be quite so If I had my way the Congress would other nations, other people. Provided open in dashing back and forth between tlle they themselves do not pay th.e bi.ll, do British Embassy and the War Department. pass legislation which prevented our men the fighting. However, nothing has daunted Frankfur in the armed service from obeying any It is well that those of us who believe ter. Justices VanDevanter and Sutherland order of any alien-born individual who, in the United States of America, who if were criticized when they were consulted re during the past 20 year.s, had been or now you please are nationalists, fight those garding Republican politics in Wyoming and i;:; a member of the Communist Party. who would surrender our independence, Utah. But the blithesome, passionate, tire- . Nor would I permit a single American bind our youth ever to J>Glice duty less Mr. Frankfurter consid~rs himself in. a youth to- serve under a Communist or throughout the world, fight them with different category. one who believed in the Communist doc their own weapt>ns; adopt some of their CLOSE. !'MEND STlMSON trine. methods. The three key, Cabinet members indebted The Seleetive Service Act was not If we are to have a ·united nations of to Frank!urter fl' their Jobs are Attorney passed to force men to die in support of General Biddle, Secretary of War Stimson, the policies- the world,. if tllat is. to be forced upon. us. and Secretary of the Navy. Knox. fn ad.d.i of the Communists. then we should at. least be represented tion. Frankfurter put Dean Acheson in as If we are not fighting, for the pres.erva. by someone who believes in this. country~ .Ass1st~tnt Secretary of State, with an eye- to tion uf ou~r- own Government .. far o.ur awn who is. not determined. to. remake Amer takin~ Hull's place when he- retires. future liberty and happjn£sS', tor wliat ica; someone who places om· mterest Knox was urged on Roosevelt by Frank are we fighting? Has the day come when first. who will not l!le a tool ·of any other turte:c as a great political stroke. to swtng it can re·o:peruy saidl that the doctrine of nation or government~ · the Republicans into line and also the Middle the Communists or Russia. or the inter A few days ago it was suggested that West. The President, according to White national policies of any other nation or House intimates, did not want Kno~ at first. Felix FrankfUrter should represent the He bad been too bitter a critic while running· ~eople are to be the guide for our fighting United States. of America on some world for Vice President, But finally be yielded to mel!l? tribunal. Now, I have no contidence in Felix. To me the thought of a Communist the unsupported statements of a certain Biddle always has been a protege- of Frank commanding my son or my grandson.. columnist who has been characteriZed as :f'urter's, but bas cooled toward him recently, having the power of life or death over a chronic liar by the Pres.ident. remarlctng to friends that he was "too indis him is abhorrent and if this Congress I do find, however, that on the 1st creet to be trusted." fe,ils to take some action, the people will However, Felix's greatest influence is in the day of June 1942 in the Detroit Free War Department. There two close and very make themselves heard and felt in no Press there appeared an article. which dear friends are the Secretary of War ' and uncertain manner. has at least some semblance of truth. Undersecretary of War, while two of his I told you a few minutes ago some A portion of that articfe reads as follows: students, John J. McCloy and Robert Lovett, thing about what this gentleman who WASHINGTON, May 31.-The entire British are Assistant s-ecretaries of War. writes for the press had to say' about Empire was stt just a bit agog last wfnt~r Frankfurter and Stimson have been inti Justice Frankfurter. Let me read you when the Australian Minister in Washing mate friends tor 30 years. When Stimson something of what a Mr. Roosevelt said ton announced that Justice FeliX' Frank was district attorney of New York in li906 he about him. Here it is. When the furter had advised him to take a past in the brought Frankfurter in as his assistant. I. W. W. was makiDg trouble during the British Cab>inet. The Australian Govern Later when Stimson became Secretary of War :a:nent was especially agog. under Taft he. gave Frankfurter a job in the last war, President Wilson sent Frank To a lot of other people also it s.eemed War Department. During the last war both furte-r to investigate. He denounced the queer that a Justice of the United States men at first were in the Judge- Advocate Gen~ citizens who had taken care of the dis Supreme Court should be dipping his fingers. eral's office of the Reserve Corps. turbance with the result that former 1nto vital affairs of the British EmpiTe. · So it is not surprising that on occasion President Theodore Roosevelt wrote him Cabinet officers have walked in on the Secre a public letter which said in part-I said I would like to know what business tary of War unannounced, and found him Frankfurter had to put his finge:r into w.ith a little pad of paper taking down notes "Mr. Roosevelt"; I mean Theodore that. as Frankfurter talked. Roosevelt. I hope you did not· misUn derstand me. This is Roosevelt, Theo ·: But to those behind the scenes in Wash And here last week we find that he is ~ore: ington this was no surprise at all. For to proposing himself, or some of his friends day, as the Supreme Court winds up its cur You are taking an attitude which seems rent term, it is a fact that second only to are proposing that he take the position to me to be fundamentally that of Trotsky the President himself, Justice Felix Frank of chief justice on this international and other Bolshevik leaders in Russia. You furter has more to do with: guiding our des court or tribunai-they call it the are engaged in excusing men precisely like tinies of war than anyone in Washington. Security Council-which determines the Bolsheviks, who are. also murderers and He does' this through having put his own whether or not the armed forces of the encouragers of murderers, who are traitors to t.beir allies, to democracy, and to civiliza men in three key C~binet posts; through United Nations should be used and how being on intimate terms with the British they are to be used. For example, tion, as well as the United States. Ambassador, Lord Halifax, and the Chinese it is within his power, in presiding over Foreign Minister, T. V. Soong; and through That was back in the last war, during having one of his old students, Dean Ache that court, to have a part in deciding the last war when the LW. W. was mak son, sit at the right hand of Secretary of whether 100,060. United States soldiers ing that trouble, and that is from the State Hull. after the victory has been won, after the open, public letter which Theodore Almost no move of majol'" importance is war is over, should be sent into Russia, Roosevelt wrote describing the action of made these days without Frankfurter having should be sent to restore Poland, should Justice Frankfurter, who now nominates his finger in it. If the Presfdent is sending be sent down into Greece to right things himself or has his frieDds nominate him a mission to India to help the British settle' there. They want Frankfurter sitting on to be the presiding judge over this, they their independence problems, Justice Frank• that court, or Frankfurter wants Frank hope, World Court, which wtll control furter sits in on discussions. If an investi· furter on that court-somebody does. . the destiny of our Nation for centuries gation is to be made of Pearl Harbor, Fra~k furter recommends his friend Justice Owen Maybe this chronic liar, so-called by to come. Roberts-who is appointed. the President, has his eyes to the key I do not wonder that the C. I. 0. does UNCLE INTERNED BY HITLER hole; maybe he has·ears to a crack some not like this little pamphlet You re In addition to all reasons for being zealous where so that he knows what he is talk member I read from ·their circular sent about the war, Frankfurter has special, per ing about; I do not know. out here on the 19th where they said sonal incentives. He was born in Austria, a Just a few days ago the War Depart that they were all for Wallace. Let me country taken in one gulp by Hitler. And ment announced that it w:as going to read you something that Wallace had ~hen 11e swallowed it, Hitler threw Frank- aceept Communists· as omcers in the to say, and which was quoted in this 1945 .CONGR-ESSIONAL RECORD-HQUSE 1371 bookiet and to which they object. You Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Is the good citizens of the C. I. 0. he would get this point. Again I am wondering the· gentleman quoting that same per-. probably be doing a service to this whether this recent order of the War son as ·his authority right now? country, · Department permitting Communists to 1\~r. HOFFMAN. The gentleman can Mr. RANKIN. Whenever I get down be officers in our armed forces was in draw his own conclusions-it may be, to the gentleman's level as it is reflected spired by Mr. Frankfurter. You will it may be-that the story is true; it down here by this F. E. P. C. and Com note that a columnist back there in 1942 seems in the light of subsequent events munists that he has been mixed up said that Frankfurter had an "in" with to express some truth. with-· - the War Department and with the ad:. This lobby down here, these lobbyist.s, * * * * * rninistration. who you will note here said that they Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I demand You will recall that I just quoted from were down here to secure the confirma those words be taken down. this columnist, whom the President de~ tion of Mr. Wallace-now get what Wal Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speakei·, a par scribed as a chronic liar, and I express no lace on one occasion had to say. Here liamentary inquiry. opinion about that, wrote th~t..:_ it is, I hope my friend from -Mississippi The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. f?o it is not surprising that on occasion will get this: RAMSPECK). The gentleman will state it. Cabinet officers have walked in on the Sec Those of us who realize the inevitability Mr. HOFFMAN. Who has the floor? retary of War unannounced and have found of revolution are anxious that it be bloodless The SPEAKER pro tempore. The him wlth a little pad of paper taking down and gradual in~tead of bloody and sudden. gentleman from Michigan [Mr. HoFF notes as Frankfurter talked. We believe that it can be bloodless and gradual if the makers of public opinion, if MAN J has the :floor. Now along 2 . years J.g,ter comes this th~ politicians, if the ~ressure groups- Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask order of the War Depa-rtment permitting that the words be taken down . the Communists to become officers iri our . Is he referring to the F. E. P. C., the The SPEAKER pro tempore. The fighting forces. C. I. 0., and the U. A. W.?- gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. RAN Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. wm only influence their millions of fol KIN] has already asked that the words Sp8aker, will the gentleman yield? lowers. be taken down. The Clerk will report ¥r. HOFFMAN. I. yield to the gen In other words, we are going to have a the words. tleman from Pennsylvania. revolution, but he hopes it will be blood• Mr. HOOK. Mr. Speaker, a parlia Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I less. I might say to the gentleman that. mentary inquiry. do not wish the gentleman to think that if he starts a revolution, I just ask him The SPEAKER pro tempore. The I am unkind, but I presume the columnist before he does to look back into history gentleman will state it. to whom he is referring is Drew Pearson, and see, if he can, where there ever was Mr. RANKIN. A point of order. who writ:.'!s the Washington Merry-Go a bloodless revolution when one side Mr. HOOK. Do I not have the same Round. Is that correct? started to fight and to kill. · Do Mr. Wal privilege? Mr. HOFFMAN. The gentleman will lace and Mr. Frankfurter think that we Mr. RANKIN. A point of o.rder. He find it in the June 1 issue of the Detroit will submit, without fighting, to having . cannot say anything until this day is Free Press, in 1942, I assume that the our liberty, our property, 'taken from us over. name is there. · either by subterfuge or violence, without The SPEAKER pro tempore. The or Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Is it fighting back? And if there should come der of business is -for the Clerk to report the Merry-Go-Round? · a revolution, where would we find Wal.:. the words, as the Chair directs it. Mr. HOFFMAN. The gentleman is lace and Frankfurter? Safe in the :The Clerk read as follows: arms of Churchill or his successor? entitled to draw his own inferences. I * • • do not like to mime men. I wonder if he thinks all Americans Mr. HOOK. Mr. Speaker, there was Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania: I are going to quit, lay down, and roll over no blasphemous word used. when the C. I. 0. or the P. A. C. or the The SPEAKER pro . tempore. The only questioned the gentleman for the Communists start the 'fight? I reckon reason I believe the columnist whom he Chair rules the words out of order and today just as in the days of old they are they will be stricken from the RECORD. is referring to now as his authority is the going to find farmers behind the fence same one who a few months ago referred rows and trees and they will find people The gentleman from Michigan [Mr. to the gentleman 'from Michigan as the in their homes in the towns and cities HOFFMAN] Will proceed. ":flannel-mouthed gentleman from Mich doing their share of fighting if those who Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, a par igan." hold with Wallace and Frankfurter ven liamentary inquiry. Mr. HOFFMAN. Wait; with what? ture to start the revolution which they The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. With think is to be bloodless. tleman will state it. great gusto. Mr. HOOK. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. HOFFMAN. What became of the Mr. HOFFMAN. What is that? gentleman yield to me? request that the words be taken down? Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. He Mr. HOFFMAN. Certainly, The SPEAKER pro tempore. The also· referred to the gentleman from Mr. HOOK. I do not know whether Chair has already ruled on that. The Michigan not so long ago as "the the gentleman has actually had con.. .. words were stricken from the RECORD. flannel-mouthed gentleman from Mich· tact with some of the outstanding mem Mr. SMITH of Virginia. Mr. Speak- igan." bers of the C. I. 0.-P. A. C., but I want er, will the gentleman yield? · Mr. HOFFMAN. Yes; the rip-root to call his attention to the fact that I . The SPEAKER pro tempore. Does ing, snorting, or something CongresS. ·have, and I am proud-of it, and I want the gentleman". from Michigan yield to- man-he at least credit~d me with to call attention to the fact -that the real the gentleman from Virginia?. · energy, men in the C. I. 0. and the Political Ac Mr. HOFFMAN. I yield temporarily. If the gentleman is correct about his tion Committee are doing more to keep Mr. SMITH of Virginia. I asked the assumption as to the identity of the gen down the Communists than any other gentleman to yield that I may propound tleman who wrote what I just read, if group in the United States. a parliamentary inquiry. that gentleman-and I speak of .him· as Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speak'e.r, will the Mr. HOFFMAN. Certainly;-! yield. gentleman yield? Of course, they are Mr. SMITH of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, a gentleman-though some do not-if keeping them down, because they are tied I heard the words that were taken down that gentleman and Walter Winchell and around their necks, tied up with them, and read. When one Member of this a lot of the other muckrakers will keep wrapped up with them, holding them House so far forgets himself as· to use on, I think I can continue to be here down. either the language quoted or the Ian:. quite a while, because anything that is Mr. HOOK. And we hope to hold them guage which the gentleman himself says recommended by any of them our people down. he used, I would like to know whether it do not want. If the gentleman likes , Mr. RANKIN. You will hold them is in order for this House to enforce their society and their company, if he down. . some discipline or whether the mere can smell any sweeter in a bottle with Mr. HOOK: And if the gentleman striking of such outrageous language their label on it, he is welcome to the from Mississippi will quit his raving and from the RECORD is all that is going to distinction. ranting and get down and at least assist occur today, 1372 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 22 The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Another listed in this news flash is loyal and unpatriotic. That is just one Chair ihinlcs that is a matter for the Walter P. Reuther, international vice thing I do not propose to stand for if :t House to determine by proper action. president. Walter is the boy who, by the can help it. Mr. SMITH of Virginia. A further par.. administration was deferred-saved So they say here, as you have noted, liamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker. How from fighting abroad so that he might and I call it to your attention, that what does the House proceed to determine that carry on his union activities. He is one they propose to do is to take over this question? of the leaders of the union which in country. The SPEAKER pro tempore. It re .. Detroit have been involved in so many I believe you gentlemen are all aware quires a motion or a resolution. strikes in war industries. Walter is the these gentlemen over on the other side The gentleman from Michigan will gentleman who is listed in this little have been deluded, they are following a proceed. pamphlet "Vote C. I. 0. and get a Soviet sort of illusion, delusion, or hallucina Mr. HOOK. Mr. Speaker, will the America," who, when in Russia, advised tion, I do not know· whiGh it is-and gentleman yield for a parliamentary his friends in Detroit to "Carry on the they believe they are not going to get inquiry? fight for a Soviet America." what the P. A. C. and the C. I. 0. have Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, a point The fight has been carried on and in store for them. You gentlemen know of order. The Member from Michigan those who would regiment us, establish a from the last campaign, so do they, the [Mr. HooK] must keep his seat the rest dictatorship, have gone a long, long way kind of false propaganda they put out; of the day and keep his mouth . shut, on the road toward their. ultimate goal. how they seek to destroy the confidence under the Rules of the House. In this news flash of December 15, 194.4, of the people in Congress. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The the political action department, under The Communists, the P. A. C. with its gentleman from Michigan [Mr. HoFF"' the head of "Fruits of victory" mention millions of dollars for political corrup some of those they claim to have de- · tion, the C. I. 0., which has received spe MAN J will proceed. cial favors from the administration, and Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, my point feated. One line reads: consistently t~e administration has of order must be ruled on. I am speak HoFFMAN of Michigan (we fought him and will again) • aided the C. I. 0. in its organizing cam ing about the Member from Michigan paigns; in its drives for membership; in [Mr. HooK] on my left. He has just No doubt they will-I have had so its attempts to force the closed shop and said he used the word "---liar," and much to say about their dirty work that the check-off upon employees and em I do not intend for him to speak in this .it is not difficult to understand why they ployers alike, always at the expense of House again today. · want me ·out of Congress. the public, follow a well-planned course. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Over on the last page under Signs of In the sit-down strikes of 1937 the Chair sustains the point of order made the Times I find these words: Communists flying the flag of the C. I. 0. by the gentleman from Mississippi. Congressman-elect FRANK HooK, of Michi and in control of some C. I. 0. unions, That is the rule. The gentleman from gan, received a wire from Newsweek asking resorted to the seizure of priv.ate prop Michigan [Mr. HooK] will be seated. him to what. he attributed his election. He erty, to violenc-e, and were upheld in both The gentleman from Michigan [Mr. replit:d. "My victory due toP. A. q . .Cleared by the Roosevelt administration . HOFFMAN] Will proceed. . it with Sidney." From that day to this those in charge Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, I can Here from the book is a statement of of its political activities have never hesi ·understand why the gentleman from Richard Romann, who was a press agent tated to carry on a campaign of abuse, Michigan [Mr. HooK] can speak favor for Hillman. In summing up, he said of falsehood, of vilification against ably of the P. A. C. and the C. I. 0. If I this: everyone who ventured with any show -am in error I will yield to the gentleman Political action is clicking because the of success or persistency to disagree with ,to correct me, but my recpllection is th~t P. A. c. boys have the know-how. After the any of the policies of either the C. I. 0., shortly after election, in any event be bloody battles fought for industrial unioni the Communists, or the New Deal. Let ·tween the time of the election and the as zation, political organization is a picnic. In anyone in this House so much as venture sembling of the new Congress, the gentle .. America political bosses never really saw the to raise his voice against any of the un man was quoted in an official publication picture in terms of mobilizing the masses to fair or unlawful activities of any one of of the C. I. 0. as saying he attributed his really get rolling in political action. We have got to spread wide, solidify, . and hit the three, and immediately a regiment of election to the P. A. C. and the C. I. 0. If hard. smear artists is turned loose on him. I am wrong I yield to the gentleman. It has always been the policy of the Mr. HOOK. That is correct. And here is what a gentleman, who Communists to create disorder, to-when Mr. HOFFMAN. The gentleman says was introduced by Sidney Hillman him they dared-instigate violence, invite that is correct. Now, having been elected self at one of his conventions, said-and violence by unjustifiable t~.ttacks. by the P. A. C. and the C. I. 0., owing his do not forget this: What has happened here today is election to those two organizations, I can We want the labor movement to obtain something which may happen again and understand, having accepted their sup physical control and ideological domination again in many of the communities, the port, that there is every reason why the of this country. By "physical control" we cities of our country, if the P. A. C. and mean the governing power, the power to mal{e gentleman should speak for and in their decisions ::md enforce them, the power to the Communists within it, 'if political behalf. Of that I have no criticism, be-. direct and govern, the power to control in pressure _groups with millions of dollars cause it is for each Member to judge the dustry, the power to say who shall be in jail at their command, are permitted to con course which he will follow. and who shall be out. tinue unchecked in their efforts to do The political action-department of the away with constitutional government. C. I. o.·located at 1729 F Street, NW., I do not like that. I have no particu I doubt if there is a Member of this lar objection to their exercising their House who does not· realize that the ,Washington 6, D. C., and 411 West Mil constitutional prerogatives and putting waukee Avenue, Detroit, Mich.,· puts P. A. C. and the Communists are out to nie out of Congress, but I do not want purge from Congress every single Mem out a news fiash; on it R. J. Thomas is them to put me in jail without any designated as international president ber, no matter on which side of the aisle reason; I do not want them to use direct he sits, who has the courage to oppose and as s-tated a few moments ago, there action which is the usual method of the :were so many Communists in one branch their program. Communist Party- before it goes under What I cannot understand is why it is ; of the C. I. 0. that when called to as ground; I do not want them coming 'semble in convention, Thomas refused that intelligent men, and Congressmen around in my district and telling the are presumed to be intelligent, can fail . to attend b<~cause it was so apparent that folks-oh, I do not mind if they tell the or ~fuse to bring about an investigation :the Communists would run the conven folks that I am a little bit off in the of those organizations- which repeatedly . tion. Thomas may claim great credit for head, that I ani some sort of a nut, that make serious charges against Members :this action but not so long ago he ousted I am not bright, that I have not any of Congress, against Congress as a whole. :Homer Martin from the Detroit or sense, that I do not wash my face, or If those charges are true, then the people , ganization at a time when Martin W/lS something like that. But I do not want should be so advised and those of us who fighting Thomas because Thomas and them coming around in my district, I do are guilty, if such there be, should be his outfit it was charged by Martin, were not propose to have them coming around thrown out. If they are not true, then ,hooked up with the Communist Party. in my district, telling my people I am dis- the makers of those charges should be 1945 CONGRESSIONAI.J RECORD~HOUSE . 1373 branded with the label which will show established, when their construction will vision that has ever been objected to in their true character. This I have said afford partial relief from an acute unem either House or Senate. . many times and unless the House takes ployment situation. All projects in the bill have been thor action, it will be many times repeated. The projects in the bill already con oughly studied by the Corps of Engi • RIVER AND HARBOR BILL structed with war funds and .therefore neers and favorably reported by the requiring no expenditures except for an The SPEAKER pro tempore ··. ~~ *' ,...... 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 1375 Mr. JOHNSON of California. In the upon the projects which it contains. For This bill, as has been stated a number first section of the bill starting on line the benefit of new Members on this floor, of times, includes many projects which 6 is the following language: I want to present the House the able have received very careful consideration, It is hereby declared to be the policy of the and efficient clerk of the Committee on not only by our Committee on Rivers and Congress to recognize the interests and rights Rivers and Harbors who has been with Harbors in the House, but also by the of the States in determining the develop this committee for 43 years, Mr. McGann. Committee on Commerce in the Senate. · ment of the watersheds within their borders ·Mr. Chairman, there is very little more Each of the projects has also been voted and likewise their interests and rights in to be said after what the chairman has upon and passed by this House and by water utilization and control. already stated in regard to this bill. the Senate in the last Congress when we What is the chairman's.version of the It contains projects ranging from $442 to had before us H. R. 3961 of the Seventy- meaning of that language? $60,000,000. It is nonsectional. It is non- eighth Congress. They were also ap- Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. If the political. Projects in the far Northwest proved by the Conference Committee in gentleman remembers, we have had great and projects in the far south in Texas, six the last Congress, but owing to a contra controversies over many Senators con- · of them, really include two-thirds of the versy over another matter which has tending ·for States' rights on these entire bill. In my own State in Mich- now been eliminated from this bill, the things, insofar as it is consistent with igan there is only a little over $5,000,000, bill died with the Seventy-eighth Con public policy. Of course, navigation on and those projects are many, many miles gress. an interstate stream cannot be brought from my congressional district. So the There are 291 projects in this bill, as down to a State proposition entirely. bill comes here with the unanimous ap- has been said, and they cover a great But this is to recognize the States' in- proval of the Committee on Rivers and variety of river and harbor develop terest insofar as it may be consistent Harbors. I hope it will have the unani.. ments throughout tlie United States. As with the purposes of the improvement. mous approval of the House of Repre.. a matter of fact I believe there is very Mr. JOHNSON of California. I want sentatives and that we will pass it with.. little of this develop::nent work in my to ask this specific question. What is the out further debate and further delay. own particular district in the State of version of the chairman as to intrastate Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Will the Oregon, but there are a number of proj- streams like the Sacramento River which gentleman yield? ects in the Northwest and in Oregon it .. is entirely in one State, and the San Mr. DONDERO. I yield. · self outside of my district in which we Joaquin River which is entirely in one Mr. MANSBIELD of Texas. How of the Northwest are vitally interested. State? Does that recognize the para- much of it is in the gentleman's district? I believe this type of undertaking is one mount right of the State to use the water Mr. DONDERO. There is not 1 cent· which should receive major considera- for irrigation, for instance? of projects in this bill for my congres.. tion for post-war development, because Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Yes, sir. sional district. these are projects which have been care- Mr. JOHNSON of California. And for Mr. CARLSON. Mr. Chairman, will fully scrutinized by the Corps of Army hydroelectric development? the gentleman yield? Engineers, which perhaps is one of the Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Yes, sir; Mr. DONDERO. I yield. hardest headed, most intelligent and for all domestic consumption purposes. Mr. CARLSON. I notice by the report skilled groups of Government officials we That is the way I understand it. It is that it calls for ·speedy action in order have; and they have given their full ap the way I understand the agreement that sufficient funds may be allocated or proval to every one of these projects in · between the engineers and the reclama.. appropriated for planning. Does this bill addition to the approval that has been tion authorities. May I inquire of the given to them by the committees and gentleman from Iowa if that was not his carry additional authorization for plan.. by the other body. I hope therefore, as ning? understanding of it? Mr. DONDERO. I do not understand was stated by my colleague from Mich- Mr. JENSEN. That is as_ I under- igan [Mr. DoNDERo] that we may in a stand it. that it does. It only covers authoriza.. very_short time have an opportunity to Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Yes. tions for the 291 projects in the bill. approve this bill and send it to the Presi- Mr. FELLOWS. Mr. Chairman, will Mr. CARLSON. Can the gentleman dent for his signature. It is particu.. the gentleman yield? assure us that sufficient money will be larly necessary by reason of the fact that Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. I yield. available for planning, which I think is for a number of years, in fact, for more Mr. FELLOWS. In section 3, on page most important? In fact, I think that is than the 6 years I have been on the Rivers 36, beginning at the first line o{ that the urgency of these items, to g~t the and Harbors Committee we have not had section, that whole paragraph, as I plans made. a bill which has passed both Houses and understand it, is to give certain discre- Mr. DONDERO. Of course, the gen.. received the approval of the President. tion to the engineers? tleman understands all of these projects This is the first omnibus bill since I have Do I understand that is to give the are for post-war work. None will be at.. been on the committee that will be en engineers discretion so that if a project tempted except that they are directly es.. acted into law as I.Jtm confident it will. or some ·locality· is not particularly men- sential to the war effort, until after the It has been asked if this is a pork tioned they can, under certain circum- war ceases. I think the money that will barrel bill, since it contains so many stances, take care of a given situation be needed for planning, which is all done projects. I do hope the membership if it is demanded? . by the Army engineers, will be forthcom.. will understand the operation of the Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. It is for ing when needed. About $40,000,000 has · Rivers and Harbors Committee in put emergencies. We have been appropri- been appropriated to Carry on river and ting together all these projects in one ating heretofore $25,000. The Flood harbor projects. b"ll d th f Mr·. CARLSON. My only thought ·s 1 an e reasons or so doing. It is Control Committee has been doing like- 1 not for the purpose of currying favor . wise, but they increased that amount in that that is one thing that we should pre- · with any Representative from a par.. the last bill, as I understand. The pare for. We should provide sufficient ticular district that projects in· his dis members of our committee, particularly funds to carry out the planning, which is trict are included, but this bill is framed the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. essential to the program at this time and to bring together all these projects which DoNDERO], felt that $25,000 was not sum.. post-war. cient and that we should raise the limit. Mr. DONDERO. I do not. thin~ the have for their purpose the improvement of our waterways and the development The CHAffiMAN. The time of the gentleman need have any fear on that of our rivers and harbors' throughout the gentleman from Texas [Mr. MANSFIELD] point. has expired. Mr. Chairman, 1 yield 5 minutes to the United States in all districts so they may Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Chairman, I yield gentleman from Oregon [Mr. ANGELL], a be considered together and save the time myself 3 minutes. member of the committee. of the House; and it is for .that purpose Mr. Chairman, I simply rise to re.. Mr. ANGELL. Mr. .Chairman, I agree ~hat ~hese project~ are put together in · iterate antLconfirm.evecytlrlng:;tba::chalr.;. -. withJ ever~bing ·· tlutt>:::.has ..:. b.een~<.Sa.id::. by ~ ...0 !le. :PAl· · _ , .. _ ... man.of our committee.has·sctid . .. I- made ,., our '1\ble: .chaii:maB, the. distinguished !..-....- Mr. , ~SFIEID or- .Texas. Mr• . a speech . on this. bill yesterday"lfDpeal:;. ' ·gentleman·from · ~; ·atui':;arlso by. ·our · , ChairJnan;..,wilL.the . gentleman . ~eld? , 1 ing to my' corre·agiies" lo· sUi)tlort· it' - ~n4' -' emclent . a~d ~ capable. · oolleag:u&. from .\·> ; Mr.-·ANGELL. :· I -yield "to-, my1 chak- - pass it witho_ut _ attrenl:~Jnen"t~··~ec~use: . this c~ ~e~~ari .~ (~. 'r ~~Jr<:-.~~~ ~ W!t ~r-~ man: .:. I (~-· . '.: ( ._.:- : . - • . . - · bHl has already passed the Senate, and nority member of theRtvers and Harbors · ,. Mr. MANSFIELD·of Texas. ·Thergen both the House and ~enate have agreed Committee. tleman realizes, does he not, that thil 1376 'CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-J{OUSE FEBRUARY 22 would require 219 separate bills if we 1945, are located in the various sections · One of these projects in which my reported each project separately? of the United States where river and State is especially interested is the im Mr. ANGELL. That is true, and the harbor development is needed. They are provement of the Willamette River under _ reason we include them in one bill is for the type of projects · which commend House Document 544 of the Seventy-fifth the convenience ·of the House. themselves for consideration in provid Congress. This involves an estimated Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. It would ing a post-war program for public cost of $3,600,000. The plan recom be impractical to get them considered in works providing employment for veter mended by the Corps of Army Engineers any one s~ssion of Congress. ans and war workers. This is true par is for a modification of an existing Mr. ANGELL. That is true; and that ticularly because every project is based project to provide fDr channel improve is the major reason. as I was just say- upon its own merits which has t:eceived, ment and contraction works as may be - ing, why under the procedure of the as I have said, the approval of the Corps necessrery to secure with stream-flow Committee on Rivers and Harbors all of Army Engineers after full and com regulation controlling depths of 6 feet these projects are combined in one omni plete study. They are projects which in the Willamette River to the mouth of bus bill. To report each project in a will provide for the permanent develop the Santiam River and 5 feet thence to separate bill would result in interminable ment of our country providing transpor Albany, and for the reconstruction and delay and take up too much time of the tation, reclamation, and in many cases enlargement of the locks at Oregon City House for the consideration of legislation hydroelectric power. They are not the where the Willamette Falls are situated. from one committee. so-called boondoggling enterprises, many The Willamette River runs through a Mr. HOLMES of Massachusetts. Mr. of which were engaged in after the last rich agricultural district and this is an Chairman, will the gentleman yield? war mainly to provide made jobs. Fur essential improveme.nt to provide water Mr. ANGELL. I yield. ... thermore, many of these projects have transportatioq not alone for the farming Mr. HOLMES of Massachusetts. Are been under consideration for many areas but also for future developments of not many of these projects purely main years. The time has not been opportune industrial enterprises in the area. A new tenance projects, the extension of pres or the funds available to proceed with plant for the production of alumina from ent projects through .maintenance? actual construction work. For over 6 clay is nearing completion in the vicinity Mr. ANGELL. Some are maintenance years during my service on the Rivers of Salem and will benefit materially from projects, some are for projects already and Harbors Committee of the House, no this improvement. completed by the Army and Navy with omnibus bill providing for the construc There are two other projects to which funds we have given them for war pur tion of these essential rivers arid har I have called attention that I desire poses because they were urgent war proj bors projects has received the approval of particularly to stress, namely, Co ects. the Congress and the President. Many lumbia River, Oreg. and Wash., de Mr. Chairman, in view of the impor of you, my colleagues, who are interested scribed in House Document 704 of the tance of this bill, as a member of the in one or more of these projects located Seventy-fifth Congress, third session, Rivers and Harbors Committee I desire in your districts will, no doubt, take ad which has generally been known as the now to discuss it in some detail with vantage of the opportunity to .call to the Umatilla Dam project but which under particular reference to the projects in attention of the House the merits of the the terms of this bill will be known as the Pacific Northwest. respective projects in which you are in the McNary Dam in honor of the dis Mr. Chairman, S. 35 is a bill which has terested. tinguished service of the late Senator for its purpose authorizing the con Mr. Chairman, I want to take this op McNary of Oregon in sponsoring this struction, repair, and preservation of portunity to discuss the projects situated project for many years. . The other is certain public worl{S on rivers and har in my own State or in the Pacific North the Snake River, Oreg., Wash., and bors which is generally known as the west, which are of equal importance to Idaho, described in the same docu river and harbor omnibus bill. The my State and to the congressional dis ment, providing for the development of House companion bill is H. R. 1577, in trict which I have the honor to repre the Snake River by the construction of troduced January 17, 1945, by the gen sent, ·which district is located on the Co four dams and giving navigation from its tleman from Texas [Mr. MANSFIELD], lumbia River and which includes the · confluence with the Columbia to Lewis chairman of the Rivers and Harbors Bonneville project. These projects ton, Idaho. Committee. A similar bill, H. R. 3961, which are of particular interest to Ore . Both of these projects are the result was introduced in the Seventy... eighth gon are as follows: of the investigations and surveys by the Congress and· passed both Houses and · Corps of Army Engineers made under was pending in a conference committee Esti mated authority of section 1 of the River and ·when the Seventy-eighth Congress ad Project Document No. Federal Harbor Act of January 21, 1927. and of journed sine die. The controversy in the cost later resurveys and investigations pur conference committee has been elimi- · suant to resolutions subsequently passed nated from the p~ent bill as well as - Chetr.o River, oreg ____ _ H. 817, 77th Oong. $190,000 including that of May 21, 1938. As the all controversial projects. l!'he bill con- . Coquille River, Oreg __ _ H. 672, 76th Cong_ (1) S. 86, 76th Cong __ _ 55,000 result of these investigations and sur tains 291 projects, estimated to cost u~fv~~ o:!;~bor and veys the Corps of Army Engineers, in $381,968,332, all of which have been ap- Umpqua River, Oreg."' A. 191, 77th Cone: ..' 34,000 . House Document 704 of the Seventy proved in the former bill by both the Yaquina Bay and Har- S. 119, 77th Cong_ 162, 000 bor, Oreg. fifth Congress, third session, made a House and the Senate. All of these proj- ne.poe Bay, Oreg ....••. H. 350, 77th Cong. 214,000 comprehensive report after local hear ects are for post-war development with Salmon River, Oreg . ~--- H. 551, 76th Cong. ii, 000 _ l3ayocean Peninsula, Inaccordancewith 1.20,000 ings were had for the coordinated im the exception of 10 involving $13,259,600 Oreg. report on file in provement of the Columbia and Snake which have been recommended by the the office, Chief of Engineers. Rivers from the Pacific Ocean to Lewis Army or Navy as being needed for war Willamette River,-Orng. H. 544, 75th Cong. 3, 600,000 ton, Idaho, by the construction of locks purposes. Twelve other projects of an Snake River, Oreg., H. 704, 75th Cong. 58, ti25, 000 emergency nature have already been Wash, and Idaho. and ·dams on each stream, supplemented Columbia River at Bon- In accordance with liO,OOO by open-river improvement between the completed out of war funds appropriated neville, Oreg. report on fil e in for the Army or the Navy. It should be the office, Chief pools of the proposed dams on the Snake. of Engineers. It was intended by this report that the understood that with the exception of the Columbia River and S. 28, 76th Cong ___ 39,000 projects needed for war purposes none of tributaries above Ce proposed dams and the construction of lilo Falls to the mouth the various improvements in the over them will be eligible for appropriation· of Snake River, Oreg., until the war ends. Furthermore, every and Wash. all plan should be initiated at such times Do. ____ ------H. 324, 77th Cong. 30, 000 and prosecuted at such rate as the Con project in this bill has been surveyed and Columbia River, Oreg., H. 704, 75th Cong. 49,470,000 examined by the Corps of Army Engi and Wash. gress from time to time thereafter should Columbia River be H. 218, 76th Cong. 45,000 direct. Pursuant to this program the neers and favorably reported. In addi tween Vanvouver, tion, they have the approval of the House Wash., and Bonne · Congress heretofore authorized the con-. Rivers and Harbors Committee and the ville, Oreg. struction of the Bonneville project which Columbia and Willam H. 341, 77th Cong. 12,000 Committee of Commerce of the Senate. ette Rivers below has now been completed, and certain These projects which are set forth in Vancouver, Wash., river improvements, and the next steps and Portland, Oreg. Report No. 63 of the House of Repre Do .• ------. ___ •. H. 630, 77th Cong. 81,000 in the program are the construction of sentatives of the Seventy-ninth Con the Umatilla Dam and the Snake River gress, first session, dated February· 8, 1l\1aintenance only. dams. 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD'-HOUSE 1377 Referring to these two projects, Major ton to its mouth. Other important of 82 feet at low water and 51 feet at General Schley, Chief of Engineers, in tributaries include the Clark Fork, which high water. From Celilo to the mouth of his report to the Secretary of War, May drains a large area in western Montana the Snake, 123 miles, the Columbia River 26, 1938, said: and enters the main stream near the lies in a narrow valley in places 1,QOO feet I therefore recommend that the gene;al international boundary; and the Koo below the surrounding plateau. The plans presented herein for the initial and tenai, which lies largely in Canada and Umatilla Rapids have an average fall of ultimate development of the Columbia and enters the Columbia from the northeast 6.3 feet per mile over a length of 14,000 Snake Rivers between the pool of the Bon some 3.0 miles above the international feet, with low and medium stage veloci neville Dam and Lewiston, Idaho, be accepted boundary. The Columbia River water ties of approximately 10 miles per hour. by the Congress as a general guide for future development of the waterway in the com shed has an area of 259,000 square miles, Navigation is further obstructed between bined interests of navigation, irrigation, and including 39,000 square miles in Canada. Wallula and the mouth of the Snake by the development of hydroelectric power, and It is generally rugged and precipitous, the Homly Rapids, which afford a con that the Congress authorize from time to although many benches and fiats exist trolling depth of but 4 feet above a 60- time such portions of the plan as it wishes throughout the basin. The largest of foot width in a tortuous channel with to initiate, revised as may be needed at the these is the Columbia Plateau, an area velocities ranging up to 8 miles per hour. time to meet changing conditions. . of rolling prairie bounded by the Co The Snake River is a swift-flowing The_ report of the Army engineers lumbia and Spokane Rivers on the west stream in a deep and narrow valley. The shows that the ultimate plan presented and north, the foothills of the Bitter fall at low water in the 139-mile reach by them provides for 9 feet of water root Mountains on the east, and the below Lewiston totals 393 feet, three minimum depth to Lewiston. They rec Snake River Basin on the south. The fourths of which occurs through 56 rapids omme:n_d as an initial step the construc mean annual precipitation exceeds 100 having a combined length of 45 miles tion of the Umatilla Dam which would inches in .places on the western slopes of and slopes of 3 to 12 feet per mile. The bring deep water into the mouth of the the Cascade Mountains, decreasing to · authorized project for improvement of Snake River, and four locks and dams on as little as 6 inches on the Columbia this stream provides for blasting rock the Snake River which would bring 6 Plateau, and again increasing materially reefs, dredging and raking gravel bars, feet of water up to and a little past in the higher ·mountains of northern and the construction of contraction Lewiston. The two projects in this bill Idaho and Montana. Mean unit run-off works with a view to securing a channel will accomplish· that objective. varies from 2.91 cubic feet per second per depth of 5 feet at low water from the square mile of drainage area at Castlegar, mouth to Lewiston; and for removal of The Columbia River now has a 35- British Columbia, to zero for an area of obstructive rocks and reefs between foot depth from its mouth to Portland 9,000 square miles in central Washing Lewiston and Johnsons Bar, a further and with a minimum depth of 27 feet ton, averaging 0.85 cubic foot per second distance of 94 miles. The present con from there to The Dalles, which is above per square mile at The Dalles, 190 miles trolling depth to Lewiston is less than the Bonneville Dam and below the site above the Pacific Ocean. Former glacial 1 foot over a width of 30 feet. of the proposed Umatilla Dam. Three action in the northern part of the basin The areas potentially tributary to an of the four proposed dams in the Snake, has created numerous lakes having a effective improvement of the Columbia · if generating facilities are installed, will combined area of more than 1,000 square and Snake Rivers below Lewiston for provide 150,000 kilowatt generating miles and a regulating capacity below barge navigation include parts of Wash capacity. average . annual crest stage of some ington, Oregon, Idaho, and Montana. Gen. John J. Kingman, senior member 9,000,000 acre-feet. The discharge of Agriculture is the principal industry, the of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and the Columbia at The Dalles has ranged chief crop being grain raised by dry Harbors, in the hearings on these proj from 35,000 to an estimated maximum farming methods on the high plateaus ects before the Rivers and Harbor's Com of 1,170,000 cubic feet per second during extending back from the rivers. Live mittee of the House, stated that Umatilla the 60 years of record. That of the stock raising is also a major industry. Dam would provide about 600,000 kilo Snake at Riparia, 67 miles above Pasco, Limited areas of the benchlands border watts of hydroelectric power and would has ranged from 10,600 to 409,000 cubic ing the streams are under irrigation. extend navigation to the mouth of the feet per second. The low-water slope of Lumbering is an important industry in Snake River. The construction of the Columbia averages approximately 3 northeast Washington, northern Idaho, Umatilla Darq. would overcome the ob feet per mile in Canada, 2.3 feet per mile and westerh Montana; while copper, stacles to navigation in the river pre between the international boundary and lead, zinc, phosphate rock, and other sented by the Umatilla Rapids and Homly the mouth of the Snake, and slightly less minerals are mined in western Montana, Rapids, which are now serious obstacles. that 1 foot per mile in the section below. and elsewhere in the region. The basin Mr. Chairman, in order to appreciate That of the Snake below Lewiston aver- is served by four main transc.ontinental the full significance of the benefit to be ages 2.8 feet per mile. • railways and numerous branch lines. derived from the construction of these The Columbia River has been improved Improved highways connect the princi projects for the development of the Co for deep-draft navigation from its mouth pal towns of the basin and reach prac lumbia River and Snake River for the full to Vancouver, Wash., a distance of 105 tically all major tonnage-producing utilization of the great volume of water miles. From Vancouver to the foot of areas. therein contained for navigation, recla the gorge in which the river breaks Let me say, Mr. Chairman, that this mation, and hydroelectric power, it is through the Cascade Range the natural whole interior country-the inland em necessary to have some understanding of channel affords depths adequate for pire, as we call it, comprising eastern the territory served by these great water barge navigation at all stages. Improve Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and some ways and the benefits that will flow from ment of this reach to provide a navigable portions of the adjoining States-is an the construction of these public works. channel 27 f-eet deep and 300 feet wide immense territory which Q.rains down As shown by the reports of the Army from Vancouver to the Bonneville Dam, through the Columbia River to tidewater engineers, the Columbia River rises in a distance of 39 miles, was authorized by and then out into world-wide trade and British Columbia just north of the inter the River and Harbor Act approved Au commerce. It comprises one-tenth of the national boundary and flows northwest gust 26, 1937. The Bonneville lock and area of the United States. It is larger 195 miles, south 380 miles, west 110 miles, dam, now completed, creates a pool with in area than France, and it abounds in and south 205 miles to its confluence · a navigable depth of 30 feet extending immense natural resources. There are with the Snake River at Pasco, Wash.; through the gorge to the foot of Fivemile immense areas of land, suitable for agri thence westward 325 miles along the Rapids at The Dalles. The improve cultural development in eastern Oregon boundary between Washington and Ore ments enable oceangoing vessels of mod and eastern Washington, and Idaho. gon to the Pacific Ocean. The Snake erate draft to ascend the river to The Wheat and other grains, hay, livestock, River, its longest tributary, rises in Dalles. Navigation around the falls and and great quantities of fruits and vegeta western Wyoming and flows westward rapids extending 12 miles above The bles are raised in that region. Large across Idaho and northward along the Dalles is afforded by The Dalles-Celilo quantities of sugar beets are also being boundary between that State and Ore Canal, a lateral canal 8 feet deep and 65 raised for the production of sugar. A gon and Washington to Lewiston, IdahoJ feet wide with locks 265 feet long, 45 feet considerable portion of that territory is thence westerly 139 miles' in Washing- wide, and 7 feet deep, having a total lift already irrigated, and many thousand1 XCI-87 1378 'CON(iRESSIONAL ·RECORD_:.HOUSE FEBRUARY 22 of acres-hundreds of thousands of fifth of the Nation's mercury; one-fourth these rivers and the utilization of the acres, in fact-are susceptible of irriga of the . tungsten; two-fifths of total water for irrigation and for navigation, tion with waters from the Columbia and United States fish catch-all sources and the dams for flood control, will Snake when they are made available and marine, rivers, lakes is in this area. eventually bring to the United States when the additional lands are required The following comparison of lumber large revenues, more than we will ever to be brought under cultivation and irri production of the five leading States of put into it. The utilization of our na gated. the Union are interesting in this con tural deposits of mine.rals and other de In addition to that, there is a vast area nection: posits and the products of forests and covered with merchantable timber. I fields in connection with cheap hydro [Latest pre-war available figures, 1941, from U. S. Bureau personally have had considerable expe- · of the Census) electric power developed from the Co rience in this field, because for some 20 lumbia River and its tributaries will re years I was in the Land Survey Depart Population turn to the Government manyfold the ment of the Government, surveying por State Ran~ (feet, board f11nds expended. tions of these lands in Washington, measure) The Grand Coulee reclamation project Idaho, and Montana. The finest stands ------1------lying just north-of the Snal{e River con Oregon ______•• ______-~-_ 1 6, 346, 16/i, 000 tains 1,200,000 acres for agricultural of growing timber to be found anywhere W nsbin;:!ton ______2 5, 239, 224, (){)() in the world are in that area, not only California ______3 2, 331, 040, 000 utilization by reclamation, and the water in the eastern portion of this area, but Alabama ______------___ _ 4 1, 798, 383, 000 is now available. The Grand Coulee 5 1, 522, 311, 000 along the western slope toward the Pa Georgia ___ ------Dam is already completed. It is t~e cific Ocean, in Oregon and Washington. Total United States _____ ------33,476, 165, 000 largest project of its kind in the world Much of these lands is owned by the and is one of the projects in the over-all Federal Government. Private operators coordinated plan for the full use of the also own large bodies of timber. But The Columbia River is the second waters of the Columbia River. The more than 50 percent of the lands in largest river in the United States, but it hydroelectric power generated is used to is the largest in potential electric power. pump water up out of the pool above the Oregon are owned by the Federal Gov It has more than 40 percent, in fact near ernment, so the Government is not ~nly er 50 percent, of the potential hydroelec dam and up ovet the brow of the hill, interested in this from the standpoint tric power in the United States. Much where it is turned -into the old bed of the · of developing the country as a whole, of that power is not needed at the pres Columbia River. This vast acreage with but also in developing its own properties. ent time, but all the electric power that water will produce as well as any agri Mr. Chairman, the Columbia River, is now being produced in that area is cultural land . anywhere in our country. and its tributaries, is a key to the open being utilized. A great portion of it is It is rolling upland, consisting of a fer ing up of the whole Northwest Pacific being used in the war industries, but that tile volcanic ash soil. It is all lying area which, as I have said, is an em is true everywhere throughout the United there, ready, waiting for the time when pire in its proportions containing one States in these war days. We are devot the Federal Government feels that it is tenth of the area of the United States. ing our manpower and our facilities . propitious to. go ahead with the reclama It not only furnishes cheap water trans everywhere in the United States, so far tion project. After the war, when we portation to the sea but it also furnishes as is practicable, to .the "War industries. need additional land for our soldiers and water for irrigation as well as hydoelec In the Northwest we are using this pow men who will be released from war in tric power. The Pacific coast has had er in aluminum, shipbuilding, and met dustries,. we will have the water and the the greatest increase in population allurgical industries of various kinds. land· available; all we need to do is build since 1940 of any section of. the United These industries needing large blocks of the c'onduits and irrigation ditches. States, and it is destined to continue electric power have established modern Some of the land is owned by the Gov increasing in the same proportion for plants in the Pacific Northwest. Un ernment, but the Government in its pro many years to come. This is due to the questionably in the post-war period, if. gram has frozen the values, so the pri fact that it is still to a large extent in we are going to. continue prosperous and vate owners cannot take advantage of the process of development and con to employ 10,000,000 soldiers who will be the water that is furnished and spec tains all of the natural advantages which released and 20,000,000 people who will ulate on the land. The large owners are necessary for the sustaining of a be released from the war industries, we have to turn in their landholdings at a large and prosperous population. It has must continue to operate these great certain fair appraisement, and they can · these immense natural resources in plants. We will have the power, and it utilize only a restricted acreage them forests, minerals, nonmetallics, clays, is the cheapest electric power to be found selves and can get water to utilize only hydroelectric power, water, equable cii anywhere in the world. There is no pow such portions of the land as is brought mate, and fertile soil awaiting develop er development anywhere that is produc within the regulations laid down by the ment by new settlers in the post-war era. ing power any cheaper than ours in this Government. So we have there the pos With the Columbia River open for Columbia River area, by reason of the sibilities for an immense development. ocean-borne commerce, the wealth of continuous, even flow of the immense The Columbia. and the Snake projects this immense territory lying between volume of water in the Columbia River. in this bill will provide•water transporta the Rocky Mountains and Pacific Ocean If we combine this wealth of natural re tion for this reclamation project at may be carried by cheap river transpor sources that we have in agriculture,. Grand Coulee. I know from first-hand tation to tidewater in the port of Port minerals, metallics, clays, forestry, and information t.he possibilities of this in land and from there to all of the ports plastic products, all of which we will land empire, not alone from being reared of the world. need after the war is o er, with this vast in that country, but also from many years Mr. Chairman, I call to your attention pool of hydroelectric power right at our spent in the Federal service in making the following statistics with reference door, with low-cost water trmlsportation. Government surveys in this area. I to the part the Pacific coast area is we can insure prosperity to this area in· want to tell you, my colleagues, that I taking in our agricultural, industrial, the post-war period. This electric personally feel we will make no mistake mining, and commercial developments: energy requires practically no cost of in approving the projects for the con Of the first 10 United States farm maintenance after generators are once struction' of the dam at Umatilla and counties, 9 are on the Pacific coast. installed, for it goes on indefinitely with the dams on the Snake. Of the first 20 United States farm a minimum of overhead cost. Above Mr. Chairman, in considering the counties, 16 are on the Pacific coast. Bonneville and Grand Coulee Dams are Umatilla· Dam project, I want to call to Of the first 100 United States farm two big pools or lakes of water that are the attention of the committee that the counties, 29 are on the Pacific coast. used when the water is low to help main engineers'. report shows that the devel Two-fifths .of all United States lum tain prime power. So, the river keeps opment will be amply justified economi ber; two-fifths of all United States fairly uniform prime power the year cally, providing the power to be gener gold-in peacetime; one-third of an round. · ated froni the hydroelectric facilities to copper; one-twelfth of world produc We on the west coast know that this be installed is sold. · Colonel Feringa, tion; one-sixth of all United States Columbia and Snake Rivers development who presented the report to the commit ,. petroleum; one-sixth of all United is a sound investment and not a boon tee, reported that all of the power now .states natural gas; one-seventh of all doggling or wildcat scheme. The de-· being generated by ,the Grand Coulee :United States silver-in peacetime; one- .velopment o! hydroelectric power on and Bonneville_projects is being utilized• ...,. • -1945 ·coNGRESSIONAl] RECORD--HOUSE 1379 In the post-war period the utilization which the flood sufferers, as well as those stead of going home during that recess of our natural resources and reclamation consecrated landowners in the Lake of Congress, I remained in Washington, of our farming areas in order to provide Erie section have been rightfully de traveling from one department to an employment for our returning soldiers manding since the early part of July of other, begging, begging, begging; and and laborers released from war activi 1943. Immediately after that :flood in yet at the same time every so-called :flood ties should keep these projects working. the Lake Erie area, I went to the scene along the rivers was taken care of, but This will require a large volume of elec of this tragedy and covered as much of because this happened at the lake noth tric energy. it as I could ·by foot and flew over the ing was done for us. At this time I want The total load in the area served by other part. I was most concerned as an to thank Senator TAFT, who remained Bonneville and Grand Coulee plants is, appropriation bill had been passed for _away from his home and spent .approxi in round numbers, 2,000,000 kilowatts. the relief of :flood areas and had been mately a week's time appearing before Past history shows that this load is in assured. that the amount of the appro different men and different bureaus. creasing at the rate of about 100,000 priation bill of $10,000,000 had been Let me direct your attention to the kilowatts per year. In the time required passed for the relief of the flooded areas hurricane relief that had been granted to construct a dam and power plant like and, of course, felt happy that this would on several occasions by this Con· the Umatilla project the normal load cover the situation. ~ gress, in fact, it had been granted to increase in the area would be about Col. George R. Goethals, Chief, Civil Senator Clark's constituents. What I 300,000 kilowatts, and before 1950 should Works Division, Office, Chief of Engi cannot see is that a flood occurring from equal the capacity of the Umatilla neers, instructed the regional engineers a river is a flood in truth and a flood project. to make a survey and their reports were occurring from a lake is not a flood. The Bonneville project is now in ca that $110,000 would take care of the That does not sound very sensible but J')acity production. emergency relief and .rehabilitation of that is the policy of the general statutes Congress has appropriated and au the farm lands of those Howard Farms of Congress. Our situation was an emer- _ thorized funds for nine main units at Reno area, but after this report had been gency and it is just as much an emer Grand Coulee. Six of these nine are in made the legal department reported gency as though this territory had been production. The limit of prime power that no :flood had occurred. Well, this devastated by a tornado, plus the added capacity at Grand Coulee is in the neigh was beyond me in view of the fact that problem of restoring farm lands. With borhood of a million kilowatts, and the ·it had been said, "The inundation of the Senator TAFT, I agree that within 10 authorized Grand Coulee construction is shore land was not a flood, but only a years after this survey for beach erosion within one machine of the prime power part of the process of shore erosion." I is made, the Congress will, in all likeli capability of the Coulee Dam. The bal am placing in the record an editorial hood, assume responsibility for the Great ance of the power at Grand Coulee is from that great newspaper the Toledo Lakes as it does for rivers. But that is secondary power, which can be used Blade, founded by David R. Locke, known no relief now. during the high-flow season extending as Petroleum V. Nasby. The editorial is As a result of the hurricanes and from June to October for irrigation as follows: · severe winds and lashing of the waves, pumping. NO FLOOD AT RENO? the farm lands of the rich Howard Farms Mr. Chalrman, it seems reasonable to We don't know what the New Deal would area were, as we know, completely or predict there will be a demand in the call the deluge in the days of Noah, but in partially destroyed and I do know if you next decade for not only all of the power the considered opinion of official Washington have a flood in Ohio along .the Ohio River generated by existing projects in the there has been no flood in the Reno Beach and there is hardship and people are put Northwest but by the Umatilla and and Howard Farms area--only progressive out of their homes, we have repeatedly Snake River projects as well. I trust this erosion. appropriated moneys, disaster loans, and Our best dictionaries give several defini· bill will meet with the full approval of tions of the word "flood," among them this: so forth, for temporary relief. We this body and the Chief Executive. "A body of water rising, swelling, and over warned them that there was a likelihood The CHAIRMAN. The Chair would flowing land not usually so covered." that it would occur again and in Octobe-s, like the attention of the gentleman from Under the impact of wind from the north· 1943 another :flood occurred. Because or Oregon [Mr. ANGELL]. east, Lake Erie rose and swelled and broke a second flood, a bill was introduced by The gentleman from Oregon asked through the dikes and overflowed several Senator TAFT in the Seventy-eighth Con unanimous consent that he might ex thousand acres in eastern Lucas County "not gress, which was worded, to wit: tend in his remarks ce:r:tain tables. If usually thus covered." We believed that newspaper reference to Be it enacted, etc., That the Chief of En those tables represent the gentleman's this condition as a flood, which ruined crops gineers of the United States Army is hereby own work, were made by him, such con and drove 350 families from their homes, was authorized to repair and reconstruct dikes sent may be granted in the Committee justified by Noah-Webster. and levees along the south shore of Lake Erie of the Whole. If such is not the case, Now is our face red? By inference, if not in the Rene-Howard Farms area, Jerusalem it will be necessary for him to get that qirectly, Washington rebukes our editorial Township, .Lucas County, Ohio, damaged in permission in the House. ignorance. "The inundation of the shore· the extraordinary floods of July and October land was not a flood, but only a part of the 1943, and to dewater and decontaminize the Mr. ANGELL. They are my tables, area affected in such manner as to make the Mr. Chairman. process of shore erosion." Even the 0. P. A. couldn't manufacture a land again suitable for cultivation in the The CHAIRMAN. Then, without ob more confusing explanation of a condition year 1944. There is hereby authorized to be -jection, the permission is granted. and not a theory which confronts us. appropriated for such purpose the sum of There was no objection. Go down to Reno, rent a rowboat, draw $110,000. Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Chairman, I on your rationed rubber boots, and form your Hearing before the Committee on yield such time as he may desire to the own opinion. . Commerce of the United States Senate gentleman from Ohio [Mr. RAMEY]. But this much seems certain. Not a dime Colonel Goethals answered Senator Mr. RAMEY. Mr. Chairman, yester frorri that fund of $10,000,000 appropriation OVERTON as follows: day during the hearing on the rule, I is going to be available for the hundreds of assured three members of the Rivers and disaster sufferers who have for a great many Senator OvERTON. There was a statement years paid property taxes to the State and to the effect that you had estimated the cost Harbors Committee that I would not offer the county-and income taxes to, the Federal originally at $110,000. Was that to recon an amendment to the matter now before Government. struct or repair, or did you make such an us which should pass by unanimous vote. estimate? I realize this is strictly a river and har Congress adjourned too late to do any Colonel GoETHALS. Yes, sir; the first breach bor bill. During the session of the thing about it. This :flood occurred in that caused the original overfiooding oc Seventy-eighth Congress, in which there the waters of Lake Erie, which reached curred on the 27th of June, and promptly on was a special flood bill,-it was my inten the highest point that it had ever that occasion our field engineers from the tion also to offer an amendment but at reached since 1890. Therefore, the only Detroit office went to the site and made an thing I could do was to go from one estimate to restore the dike to its original that time I assured the chairman of the condition. Flood Control Committee I would not department to another and go begging. Senator OVERTON. When you say restore offer an amendment for the imperative I even went to the President's Budget · it to the original condition do you mean to relief, thus waiting for a favorable report and even the President's secretary, Mr. repair the breach?· of the department. However, in the Stephen Early, and he felt that the Colonel GoETHALS. Yes, sir; and restore it near future I shall ask for the relief Budget should cover this. However, in,.. to the original section. The summer went 1380 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOV_SE FEBRUARY 22 on and other storms occurred and, when a "All right, take our boys," have to sit Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, l'eport was asked for on the pending bill, there and suffer while a Congress says, Washington, D. C. out engineers went back to the locality and "Wait, wait, wait.'' It is not just. A gi United States Lake Survey Office, Federal found a great deal more dam,age had been Building, Detroit, Mich. done during the summer and that resulted gantic flood is an act of God. It was no Han. Robert A. Taft, United States Senator, in revised estimates. , one's fault. Home owners have used Washington, D. C.; Cincinnati, Ohio. Senator TAFT. What is 'that. estimate? pumps and have done what they could. Han. Harold H. Burton, United States Sen Colonel GoETHALS. Two hundred and Now we see some light. Under the Flood ator, Washington, D. C.; Cleveland, Ohio. sixty-five thousand dollars. Control Act approved December 22, 1944, Han. George H. Bender, House of Repre Senator TAFT. What would that do? we passed an act which reads as follow-s: sentatives, Washington,. D. C.; Cleveland Colonel GOETHALS. That would restore the Heights, Ohio. protective· features to the original condition The Secretary of War is hereby authorized· · Han. Homer A. Ramey, House of Repre as built. and directed to cause preliminary examina sentatives, Washington, D. C.; a'oledo, Ohio. Senator OvERTON. That would repair the tions and surveys for flood control and allied · Chairman, Federal Power Commission, .,reaks? · purposes, including cl:lannel and m ajor drain Washington, D. C. age improvements, to be made ·under the di• Colonel GOETHALS. Yes, sir. Chairm~n, Flood Control Coordinating Senator OvERTON. And where there were no rection of the Chief of Engineers, in drainage Committee, 315 Administration Building, breaks and the dike remained in its origin,J:Ll· areas of the United States and its Territorial Department of Agriculture, Washington, condition, no money would be expended on possessio~s. which include the following D. C. that portion of it. · · named localities, and the Secretary of Agri Commissioner of Public Roads, Public Colonel GOETHALS. That is right. culture is authorized and directed to cause Roads Administration, Washington, D. C. Senator TAFT. Would that restore the dike preliminary examinations and surveys for . Chairman, Civil Aeronautics A_uthority, as described here, or would it be somewhat run-off and water-flow retardation and soil Washington, D. C. larger? erosion prevention on such drainage areas; . American Power Boat Association, Amert Colonel GOETHALS. Restore the one de the cost thereof to be paid from appropria can Security Building, Washington, D. C. scribed in the record. tions heretofore or hereafter made for such United States ·Department of Agriculture, Senator . TAFT. That is, restore how much purposes. • • • Soil Conservation Service, Kuhns Building, Reno Beach, Lucas County, Ohio, w1th a Dayton, Ohio. of it? view to protection of the Reno Beach-Howard Go~THALS. Director, United States Department of-Agri Colonel The dike would b4l re farm area and adjacent areas from floods I . stored to a height of roughly 9 feet to 11 culture, ·Forest Service, Central States Forest feet above low-water datum, with a top caused by frequent windstorms and from in· Experiment Station, 103 Fifteenth Avenue, width of about 20 feet. As I recall it, that creases in the lake level of Lake Erie. Columbus, Ohio. . is more nr less the original structure. A public hearing on the subject of the Director of Fish and Wildlife Service, De Senator TAFT. You - now estimate that above-quoted provisions of the act will be partment of the Interior, Washington, D. C.; would cost $265,000 to do that? Merchandise Mart, Chicago, Ill. Colonel GOETHALS. Yes. held in the city council· chamber, room The Director, Geological Survey, Columbus, ·Senator TAFT. Have · you got the equip- 316, of the Safety Building, Toledo, Ohio, Ohio. ment, and so forth, available to do that? . on Tuesday, February 27,1945, at 10 a.m., Hon. Frank J. Lausche, Governor of Ohio, Colonel GOETHALS. 'The equipment would central war time. It is expected that Columbus, Ohio. be a very small problem and would not be consideration will be given to the views Ohio State Highway Department, ·Colum hard to get. of local interests as to the location and bus, Ohio. Senator TAFT. Would it be difficult to get _extent of the need for flood-control · Ohio Department of Public Works, Colum the manpower to do the work? m easures. bus, Ohio. Colonel GoETHALS. No, sir; because it is Department of Conservation, State of Ohio, ,essentially a steam-shovel or dragline job, May I respectfully direct your atten Columbus, Ohio. requiring few men in comparison to the cost. tion that this should be the first matter State Drain Commissioner of Ohio, Colum Senator TAFT. Are' you familiar with the that should be passed by the Congress bus, Ohio. dredge out there? in regard to flood disaster and flood con Ohio State Planning Commission, Colum Colonel GoETHALS. In general, there is trol and please do not shackle it or fetter bus, Ohio. plenty of dredging equipment · now looking it at that time. The sons in the armed Mr. Virgil Cramer, 2625 Densmore Drive, for work on the Great Lakes. services over yonder who are suffering Toledo, Ohio. Senator OVERTON. The Secretary of War Mr. Raymond Hiltebrimd, 921 Broadway, states in the report submitted that there is -there are pleading that you do not be Toledo, Ohio. now under investigation the question of pre..: tray them by legal phrases as to whether Mr. Fred Hunt, 2612 Scottwood Drive, To venting erosion on the shores of the coastal a lake flood is a flood or not a flood, be ledo, Ohio. areas an'd along the shores of the Great cause a legal writer somewhere soine Mr. Chester Early, Security Bank Building, Lakes, which investigation is being made place has found a new definition. Little Toledo, Ohio. · pursuant to direction of the Congress. children who wonder what Government Mr. Benjamin ·Redding, 3909 Willys Park js are on bended knees these nights say way, Toledo, Ohio. In this testimony I directed the atten Mr. William Donovan, 2222 Scottwood Ave tion of the committee to the fact that had ing "Oh, Lord, don't let Congress turn us nue, Toledo, Ohio. Congress granted the relief for the first down by one of these technicalities, man Mrs. Opal Mundy, 2119 Scottwood Avenue, flood the expense would have been $110,- made and inspired by self-righteousness Toledo, Ohio. 000. After the second flood the expense· and emoti9nalism." .It is so easy for Mayor, Toledo, Ohio. bills to be passed to take this census or ·City of Toledo, Department of Public Serv- estimated by Colonel Goethals was $265,- ice, Toledo, Ohio. 000. Thus had our plea been listened to to make that investigation, and now in the name of common justice let us carry Postmaster, Toledo, Ohio. the Government would have been saved Editor, Toledo Times, Toledo, Ohio. the expense of $155,000. Ladies and gen on remembering that time is of the es Editor, Toledo Blade, Toledo, Ohio. tlemen of the House, have not we been sence, so there may not be another flood United States Coast Guard, Ninth Naval ethical too long,· by keeping faith with .whUe we qui.bble over the words "and" District, Cleveland, Ohio. the Flood Control Committee, as well and "to" and argue about whether it is Mr. William H. Gould, State agent, Ohio ·as the Rivers and .Harbors Committee, a preposition or a conjunction.· Dapartment of Public Works, 34 Birckhead Our people are heartbroken and grief ·Place, Toledo, Ohio. by yielding to rules that I am wonder Toledo Edison Co., Toledo, Ohio . ing if we have not to some extent be .stricken apd will act Tuesday morning in ·the city council chamber. My duties re Ohio Bell Telephone Co., Toledo, Ohio. trayed these suffering people and our own United States Engineer Suboffice, United Government in the conservation of its . quire that J; remain. here. However, our States Court and Customs Building, Toledo: resources? Even· yesterday the gentle office force will be there and you will soon Ohio. man from Mississippi [Mr. RANKIN] and hear of their actions, so in God's name let Mr. L. C. Sabin, vice president, Lake Car . time and time again, Members have us act at once. riers' Association, Rockefeller- Building, . WAR DEPARTMENT, Cleveland, Ohio. asked for millions for relief of hydraulic Lake Carriers' Association, Rockefeller electric power, restoration of rivers and UNITED STATES ENGINE;ER OFFICE, Detroit, Mich., February 12, 1945. Building, Cleveland, Ohio. harbors, and the appropriations have Mr. Edward-Evans, care of Lucas County been forthcoming. LIST TO WHOM NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING Courthouse, Toledo, Ohio. RELATIVE TO RENO BEACH, LUCAS COUNTY, Shall these farmers who have tilled the OHIO, WAS SENT Mr. Louis Sanzenbacker, care of Lucas soil, who have sons in the service, the County Courthouse, Toledo, Ohio. Chief of Engineers, Vnited States Army, Dr. Reuben Hilty, care of Lucas County same as you and I, shall these home own Washington, D. C. . Courthouse, Toledo, Ohio. ers who have given ·everything they can The Division Engineer. Great Lakes Div1- Lucas ·county Sanitary Engineers O!fice, give, shall these families who have said, rl1on, Chicago, Ill. · Lucas County Courthouse, Toledo, Ohio. 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 1381 Lucas County Engineers Oftl.ce, Lucas of Louisiana. I wish to read what he I feel confident that the study to be made County Court House, Toledo, Ohio. said when he ·presented this bill: by the Army e,ngineers will be but the State of Ohio Highway Department, 1807 first step of many that will eventually Mc. dison A venue, Toledo, Ohio. Among the projects which we have elimi Mr. Eugene Howard, Security Bank Build• nated from the bill-projects which are corf· culminate in a great port here. ing, Toledo, Ohio. troversial in their nature--is the Tennessee· May I point out also that there are Mr. Charles Swartz, Reno Beach, Route No. Tombigbee projec.t, in Alabama and Missis several other harbor possibilities in this 1, Curtice, Ohio. sippi, which had an estimated Federal cost stretch of coast line between Los Angeles Mr. Gzorge Briesacher, Reno Beach, Route of $66,000,000. On January 2, 1945, the and San Francisco which will inevitably No. 1, Curtice, Ohio. House Committee on Rivers and Harbors adopted a resolution providing for a re play an important role in west coast de Mr. Roger Van Hoose, Reno Beach, Route study and review of that project. Later on, velopment and in the expansion of our No. 1, Curtice, Ohio. in due course, a report on it will be made. Asiatic trade. I refer especially to Ven Mr. Claude Van Gunten, Reno Beach, Route I wish to thank both of the very able and tura, Port Hueneme, Santa Barbara, and No. 1, Curtice, Ohio. distinguished Senators from Alabama [Mr. Mr. Frank Corns, 819 Starr Avenue, Toledo, Morro Bay, and it will be noted that the BANKHEAD and Mr. HILL 1 and the able and latter two are already included in the Ohio. distinguished Senator from Mississippi [Mr. Mr. George Franks, Howard. Farms, care of BILBO 1 for their cooperation with me in con present bill. Bono, Ohio. nection with that matter, and for agreeing Again I congratulate the chairman and Helen Lupica, 522 Buckeye Street, Toledo, not to offer, during consideration of the members of the Rivers and Harbors Com Ohio. pending bill, either in the committee or on mittee for their wise and farsighted ac Mr. John Liebherr, 1219 Varland Avenue, the floor of the Senate, an amendment hav tion in bringing this bill before us early Toledo, Ohio. ing to do with the Tennessee-Tombigbee in this session, and I trust that those Mr. William R. Miller, Route No.1, Curtice, project. Ohio. projects which will contribute to the Mrs. Floyd Sevy, Howard Farms, Bono, The CHAIRMAN. The time of the war effort will be started in the very near Ohjo. gentleman has expired. · future. Mr. Frank Wolf, Box 297, Rural Route No.5, Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Mr. Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Mr. Toledo, Ohio. Chairman, I yield such time as he may Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the Mr. Herbert Balduan, 829 Mason Street, desire to the gentleman from California gentleman from California [Mr. EL· Toledo, Ohio. LIOTT]. Mr. William J. Hartnett, 2812 Broadway, [Mr. OUTLAND]. Toledo, Ohio. Mr. OUTLAND. Mr. Chairman, I con Mr. ELLIOTT. Mr. Chairman, I have Mr. Carl St oddard, Reno Beach, Route No. gratulate the chairman and the members been asked on several occasions whether 1, CUrtice, Ohio. of the Rivers and Harbors Committee for or notl intended to offer my amendment Mr. Isham Kelly, Reno Beach, Route No. 1, their speedy action in bringing this bill that was introduced in the last session of Curtice, Ohio. to the House. As has been pointed out, Congress to the river and harbor bill Mrs. Hannah Rehard, 1613 Pool Street, To it is the same bill thut passed ·this body dealing with the 160-acre limitation. At ledo, Ohio. this time I have no desire to introduce 1141's. Pauline Senn, 622 Woodruff, Toledo, during the Seventy-eighth Congress, with Ohio. the exception of a few amendments. I my amendment, although it is germane Mr. Fred Siebert, 614 Southard, Toledo, hope that this bill is passed here with to this bill, hoping that through other Oh io. as much unanimity as it passed the Sen legislation we can reach an agreement. Mr. Ralph Hartman, Route No . 1, Curtice, ate a few days ago. It contains nu:mer If we cannot, at a later date I will ap Ohio. ous projects which are of vital impor- · pear before the Rivers and Harbors Com Mr. Norman Edgar, 644 Ansonia Drive, To tance to the future development of this mittee, of which the gentleman from ledo, Ohio. Nation; it provides for the development Texas [Mr. MANSFIELD] is chairman, and Mr. John RicQacek, 2212 Consaul Street, at that time offer the same amendment Toledo, Ohio. and expansion of one phase of our natu Mr. A . .Snyir, 2126 Consaul Street, Toledo, ral resources, the great rivers and har that I did in the last session of the Con Ohio. bors of America. Regardless of the sec gress, realizing at this time that the con Mr. John Szuck, Route No. 1, Curtice, Ohio. tion of the country in which these proj troversial nature of my amendment and Mr. Bernard Lempert, 401 Monroe Street, · ects are located, the entire Nation will others perhaps kept that legislation in Toledo, Ohio. benefit by their development. the last session of Congress from being Mr. John Lewinski, Route No. 1, Curtice, When this same bill was before the enacted into !aw. Ohio. Mr. Chairman, I want to express my Mr. Donald Benson, Route No. 1, Curtice, last Congress I called attention to the Ohio. special importance to be attached to the appreciation to the gentleman from Mr. E. Cottrell, Route No. 1, Curtice, Ohio. projects on the Pacific coast, pointing Texas [Mr. MANSFIELD], chairman of the Mr. Sam Perriatt, 1841 Erie Street, Toledo, out then that in the Pacific phases of the · House Committee on Rivers and Harbors, Ohio. war and in the post-war period to fol and to the membership of the House who Mr. Charles Herman, Bono, Ohio. low that this section of the United States stood by me in the closing days of the Mr. Ferdinand Lehman, Route No. 1, Cur would play an increasingly important Seventy-eighth Congress when I offered tice, Ohio. role. On the west coast we do not have niy. amendment. I see my friend here, Mr. John Hanson, Route No. 1, Curtice, the good Senator from Louisiana [Mr. Ohio. · as many fine rivers and harbors as in Director, Lake State Forest Experiment many other sections of the country, so OVERTON], who is chairman of the sub Station, Forest Service, University Farm, St. it is ·unusually important that we develop committee in the Senate that gave me Paul, Minn. . the ones that we do possess. and my people a lot of time so far as my Mr. Frank R. Reid, National Rivers and This bill makes provisions for many amendment was concerned, and I think Harbors Reporter, 1147 Connecticut Avenue such developments, including four, those made it possible for my amendment to NW., Washington, D. C.; 10 South La Salle at Monterey, Moss Landin{f, Morro Bay, be included in the river and harbor bill Street, Chicago, Ill. that passed the House. I am thankful to Waterways Journal, Chemical Building, St. and Santa Barbara, in the Eleventh Louis, Mo. Congressional District. The need for the both of those chairmen. They are fine River and Harbor Improvement Associa early development of Moss Landing has gentlemen. I also thank the Members of tion, 914 Williamson Building, Cleveland 14, already been pointed out by me several the House for their cooperation on my Ohio. Attention: Andrew Hudson, Project times on the :floor of this House; its vital amendment. My people are grateful be Director. importance to the fishing industry in cause they are going to keep trying to H. R. Neely, Regional Manager, Civil Aero· California can hardly be overestimated. work it out some way for this amend nautics Authority, Chicago, Ill. The fact that both the War Department ment to become law, because when the Inter-Lake Yachting Association, 2323 and the Department of the Interior have Central Valley project is complete, which Dime Bank Building, Detroit, Mich. urged its early completion is in itself means much to my people, it will be Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Mr. testimony to the :p.eed. I am glad, too, worked out in only one way and that is Chairman, I yield myself 5 minutes. that the bill now before us calls for the the American way. That is all we are Mr. Chairman, I see on the floor of Army engineers to study into the pos asking. the House the distinguished Senator who sibilities for the development of Monterey ·I want to again thank the chairman of wrote this bill in the Senate, the chair Bay. This harbor, centrally located in the House Committee on Rivers and man of the subcommittee of the Senate California between San Francisco and Harbors, the gentleman from Texas [Mr. Committee on Commerce, Mr. OVERTON, Los Angeles, has a wonderful future, and MANSFIELD], and the fine Senator on the 1382 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .FEBRUARY 22 floor at this time, as well as the mem one on the Missouri River-all the way or part are concerned with the use or con· bership of the House, for their very much up to Kansas City, Omaha, and Sioux trol of waters arising west of the ninety appreciated cooperation. City. seventh meridian, the Chief of Engineers shall give to the Secretary of the Interior, during Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Mr. The Army engineers are now working the course of the investigations, informa Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the gen on it and assure me that the information tion developed by the investigations and also tleman from Missouri [Mr. BELl,.], a. they are now gathering will enable them opportunity for consultation regarding plans member of the committee. to make a far more fav.orable report than and proposals, and to the extent deemed Mr. BELL. Mr. Chairman, for 10 years the one they made a few years ago. I practicable by the Chief of Engineers, oppor I have been a member of the Committee believe this new report will entirely elim tunity to cooperate in the investigations. The relations of the Chief of Engineers with on Rivers and Harbors. I have watched inate all opposition to this great project. any State under this paragraph (a) shall be with great interest as I have participated I have no desire to delay this legisla with the Governor of the State or such official in the decisions of that committee the tion. I have no desire to embarrass my or agency of the State as the Governor may bills that have been brought forth, but distinguished chairman the gentlemen designate. The term "affected State or during all of this decade I have never from Texas [Mr. MANSFIELD]. I have no States" shall include those in which the known of a bill to be brought out that desire to hamper any legislation that will works or any part thereof are proposed had more merit to it than this bill, par furnish post-war employment, that will to be located; those which in whole or part are both within the drainage basin in ticularly coming at a time like this. help to develop the rivers and the har volved and situated in a State lying wholly Not only does this bill create a good deal bors of the Nation as they should be and . or in part west of the ninety-eighth merid of employment in the post-war period, as they must be in the years to come. ian; and such of th9se which are east of but it is a type of employment that will I am assured that we will have an the ninety-eighth meridian as, in the judg yield rich dividends to the people of the other rivers and harbors bill soon. I am ment of the Chief of Engineers, will be sub United States in all of the years to come. urging the Army engineers to hurry up stantially affected. Such plans, proposals, I am certainly in favor of this bill, and with this supplerpental report in order or reports and related investigations shall be made to the end, among other things, I think it is one bill that ought to pass that we may get this project into the of facilitating the coordination of plans for this House unanimously. next bill so that we may get the support the construction and operation of the pro Before I close, may I say just this of the gentlemen to whom I have referred posed works with other plans involving the word? I think that this committee has today, as well as my distinguished col waters which would be used or controlled by b:;en exceedingly fortunate to be work league the gentleman from Michigan such proposed works. Each report sub ing under the chairmanship of the dis [Mr. DONDERO], my distinguished col mitting any such plans or proposals to the league the gentleman from Pennsylvania Congress shall set out therein, among other tinguished gentleman from Texas. I things, the relationship between the plans know of no Member of this House who [Mr. RODGERS], and all the other mem for construction and operation of the pro has a more distinguished record, or who bers of the Committee on Rivers and posed works and the plans, if any, submitted is more loved by every member of this Harbors. by the affected States and by the Secretary committee regardless of political affilia In fact, I think when that report comes .of the Interior. The Chief of Engineers tions, than th~ distinguished gentleman before the House this project will have shall transmit a copy of. his proposed report from Texas [Judge MANSFIELD]. the unanimous support of the Members to each affected State, and, in case the plans of this body, and will also have the sup or proposals covered by the report are con Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Chairman, will cerned with the use or control of waters the gentleman yield? port of practically every Member of the which rise in whole or in part west of the Mr. BELL. I yield to the gentleman Senate. ninety-seventh meridian, to the Secretary from Michigan. For these reasons I have agreed to of the Interior. Within 90 days from the Mr. DONDERO. As the ranking Re withhold this amendment at this time, date of receipt of said proposed report, the publican member on that committee, I and support the bill as it now stands. written views and recommendations of each affected State and of the SecJ:etary of the wish to confirm the sentiments expressed The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read Interior may be submitted to the Chief of by the gentleman from Missouri regard the bill for amendment. Engineers. The Secretary of War shall trans ing our distinguished chairman. The Clerk read as foUows: mit to the Congress, with such comments Mr. BELL. I thank the gentleman. Be it enacted, etc., That in connection with and recommendations as he deems appropri Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Mr. the exercise of jurisdiction over the rivers ate, the proposed report together with the Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the gen of the Nation through the construction of submitted views and recommendations of tleman from Mississippi [Mr. RANKIN]. works of improvement, for navigation or affected States and of the Secretary of the Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Chairman, I thank flood control, as herein authorized, it is Interior. The Secretary of War may pre hereby declared to be the policy of the Con pare and make said transmittal any time my colleagues on both sides of the House gress to recognize the interests anrt rights following said 90-day period. The letter of for this splendid reception. I am grate of the States in determining the development · transmittal and its attachment shall be ful beyond expression. I rose, however, of the watersheds within their borders and printed as a House or Senate document. to make an announcement with refer likewise their interests and rights in water (b) The use for navigation, in connec ence to this bill. The chairman of this utilization and control, as herein authorized tion with the operation and maintenance of committee, the gentleman from Texas to preserve and protect to the fullest possible such works herein authorized for construc [Mr. MANSFIELD], has been very generous extent established and potential uses, for all tion, of waters arising in States lying wholly purposes, of tha waters of the Nation's rivers; or partly west of the ninety-eighth meridian indeed. Both he and the chairman of to facilitate the consideration of projects shall be only such use as does not conflict the Senate subcommittee handling this on a basis of comprehensive and coordinated with any beneficial consumptive use, pres legislation, Mr. OVERTON, have assured development; and to limit the authorization ent or future, in States lying wholly or me that when the supplemental report of and construction of navigation works to those partly west of the ninety-eighth meridian, the Army engineers comes in on the Ten in which a .substantial benefit to navigation of such waters for domestic, municipal, stock nessee-Tombigbee inland waterway, if it will be realized therefrom and which can be water, irrigation, mining, or industrial pur is as favorable as indications now appear operated consistently With appropriate and poses. economic use of the waters of such rivers (c) The Secretary of the Interior, in mak that it will be, it will be inserted in the by other users. Ing investigations of and reports on works next bill, and will have their unqualified In conformity with this policy- for irrigation and purposes incidental thereto support. (a) Plans, proposals, or re1-orts of the shall, in relation to an affected State or It will give us people in ·the great Mis Chief of Engineers, V/ar Department, for any States (as defined in paragraph (a) of this sissippi Valley a slack-water route for works of improvement for navigation or flood section), and to the Secretary of War, be sub upstream traffic that will benefit every control not heretofore or herein authorized, ject to the same provisions regarding investi shall be submitted to the Congress only upon gations, plans, proposals, and reports as pre one, every shipper, not only on the Mis• compliance with the provisions of this para scribed in paragraph (a) of this section for rissippi and on the Tom big bee and on the graph (a). Investigations ~hich form the the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of Tennessee, but everyone on the Ohio basis of any such plans, proposals, or reports War. In the event a submission of views and River up to Louisville and Paducah, Ky., shall be conducted in such a manner as to recommendations, made by an affected State Vlheeling, W. Va., Cincinnati, Ohio, and give to the affected State or States, during or by the Secretary of War pursuant to said Pittsburgh, Pa. the course of the investigations, informa provisions, sets forth objections to the plans tion developed by the investigations and or proposals covered by the report of the Sec It will also benefit everyone on the Mis also opportunity for consultation regarding retary of the Interior, the proposed works sissippi from New Orleans north, includ:.. plans and proposals, and, to the extent shall not be deemed authorized except upon ing Cairo, St. Louis, Minneapolis, and deemed practicable by the Chief of Engi approval by an act of Congress and subsec St. Paul, as well as Chicago and all points neers, opportunity to cooperate in the in tion 9 (a) of the Reclamation Project Act of on the Great Lakes. It will benefit every•. vestigations. If such investigations in whole 1939 (53 Stat. 1187), and subsection 3 (a) of 1945 rCONGRESSIONAI] RECORD--HOUSE 1383 the act o:r August 11, 1939 (53 Stat. 1418), a.s Wickford Harbor, R. I.; Senate Document Cadle Creek, Md.; House Document No. 465, amended, are hereby amended accordingly. No. 105, Seventy-seventh Congress; Seventy-sixth Congress; SEc. 2. The following works of improve Great Salt Pond, Block Island, R. I.; House Channel to Island Creek, St. George Island, ment of rivers, harbors, and other waterways Document No. 330, Seventy-seventh Congress; · Md.; House Document No. 99, Seventy-sixth are hereby adopted and authorized in the Pawcatuck River, R. I. and Conn.; House Congress; interest of national security and the stabili· Document No. 839, Seventy-sixth Congress; St. Catherines Sound, Md.; House Docu zation of employ~nt, and shall be· prose Mystic River, Conn.; House Document No. ment ·No. 242, Seventy-sixth Congress; cuted as speedily as may be consistent with 849, Seventy-seventh Congress; Black Walnut Harbor, Md.; House Docu budgetary requirements, under the direction · Thames River, Conn.: House Document No. ment No. 217, Seventy-sixth Congress; of the Secretary of War and supervision of 367, Seventy-sixth Congress; Town Creek, Md.; House Document No. 219, the Chief of Engineers, in accordance with Connecticut River below Hartford, Conn.; Seventy-sixth Congress; the plans in the respective reports herein House Document No. 368, Seventy-sixth Con Duck Point Cove, Md.; House Document after designated and subject to the condi· · gress; No. 241, Seventy-sixth Congress; tions set forth therein: Provided, That no Clinton Harbor, Conn.; House Document Lower Thoroughfare, Deals Island, Md.; project herein authorized shall be appro No. 240, Seventy-sixth Congress; . House Document No. 238, Seventy-sixth Con priated for or constructed until 6 months Guilford Harbor, Conn.: House Document gress; after the termination of the present wars in No. 149, Seventy-seventh Congress; Crisfield Harbor, Md.; House Document No. which the United States is engaged unless New Haven Harbor, Conn.; House Docu 457, Seventy-sixth Congress; the construction of such project has been ment No. 307, Seventy-sixth Congress, ex Pocomoke River, Md.; House Document. recommended by .an authorized defense cept the further improvement of Quinnipiac No. 4W, Seventy-sixth Congre~s; agency and approved by the President as River; Waterway on the coast of Virginia; House. being necessary or desirable in the interest Bridgeport Harbor, Conn.; House Docu Document No. 268, Seventy-sixth Congress; of the national defense and' security, and the ment No. 819, Seventy-sixth Congress; Occohannock Creek, Va.; House Document President has notified the Congress to that Norwalk Harbor, Conn.; House Document No. 223, Seventy-eighth Congress; effect: Provided further, That penstocks or No. 220, Seventy-sixth Congress; Oyster Channel, Va.; House Document No. other similar facilities adapted to possible Mianus River, Conn.; House Document 716, Seventy-sixth Congress; future use in the development of hydroelec No. 549, Seventy-eighth Congress; Onancock River, Va.; House Document No. tric power shall be installed in any dam here Greenwich Harbor, Conn.; House Docu 358, Seventy-sixth Congress; in authorized when approved by the Secre . ment No. 125, Seventy-sixth Congress; Tangier Channel, Va.; House Document No . tary of War upon the recommendation of Great Lakes to Hudson River waterway; 141, Seventy-seventh Congress; the Chief of Engineers and of the Federal ~ · accordance with the report of 'the Chief Cranes Creek, Va.; House Document No. 687, Power Commission, and such recommenda of Engineers dated April 14, 1942; Seventy-sixth Con~ress; tions shall be based upon consideration of Jamaica Bay, N. Y.; House Document No. Totuskey Creek, Va.; House Document No. the proper utilization and conservation in 700, Seventy-sixth Congress; 686, Seventy-sixth Congress; the public interest of the resources of the Jones Inlet, N. Y.; House Document No. Hoskins Creek, Va.; House Document No. region: 409, Seventy-seventh Congress; 129, Seventy-seventh Congress; Northeast Harbor, Maine: House Docume:J.t Northport Harbor, N.Y.; House Document Urbanna Creek, Va.; House Document No. No. 132, Seventy-siXth Congress; No. 109, Seventy-siXth Congress; 283, Seventy-sixth Congress; Isle au Haut Thoroughfare, Maine; Senate Peconic River, N. Y.; House Document No. Whitings Creek, Va.; House Document No. Document No. 15, Seventy-seventh Congress; 237, Seventy-sixth Congress; . 582, Seventy-sixth Congress; Hendricks Harbor, Maine; Senate Document· Lake Montauk Harbor, N.Y.; House Docu Broad Creek, Va.; House Document No. 381, No. 40, Seventy-sixth Congress; ment No. 369, Seventy-sixth Congress; Seventy-sixth Congress; Portland Harbor, Maine; House Document Orowoc Creek, N.Y.; House Document No. Pamunkey River, Va.; House Document No. No. 560, Seventy-sixth Congress; and the 126, Seventy-sixth Congress; 671, Seventy-siXth Congress; maintenance of Soldier Ledge Channel in' Passaic River> N. J.; House Document No. Appomattox River, Va.; House Document Hussey Sound, Casco Bay, at a depth of 430, Seventy-sixth Congress; No. 223, Seventy-sixth Congress; 40 feet, in accordance with the report of the Newark Bay, Hackensack and Passaic Riv Hampton Creek, ·Va.; House Document No. Chief of Engineers dated October 26, 1942; ers, N. J.; in accordance with the report of 559, Seventy-sixth Congress; Josias River, Maine; House Document No. the Chief of Engineers dated May 20, 1942; Cape Charles City Harbor, va·.; in accord 227, Seventy-sixth Congress; except that Way Cake Creek, N. J.; House Document ance with the report of the Chief of En the useful work done on the project by local No. 624, Seventy-seventh Congress; gineers dated May 12, 1942; interests shall be accepted toward the Compton Creek, N.J.: House Document No. Norfolk Harbor, Va.; House Document No. fulfillment of the requirements of local 673, Seventy-sixth Congress; 224, Seventy-sixth Congress; cooperation; Shark River, N. J.: House Document No. Little River, Va.; maintenance work in ac Newburyport Harbor, Mass.; House Docu 102, Seventy-sixth Congress; cordance with the report on file in the office, ment No. '703, Seventy-sixth Congress; New Jersey Intracoastal Waterway; House Chief of Engineers; Gloucester Harbor and Annisquam River, Document No. 133, Seventy-sixth Congress; James River, Va.; House Document No. 738, Mass.; House Document No. · 329, Seventy Manasquan River, N.J.; House Document Sev~nty-seventh CongrPss; seventh Congress; No. 356, Seventy-seventh Congress; Inland waterwa.y from Norfolk, Va., to Beau Manchester Harbor, Mass.; House Docu Toms River, N. J.; House Document No. 393, fort Inlet, N. C.; House Document No. 117, ment No. 447, Seventy-seventh Congress; Seventy-seventh Congress; Seventy-sixth Congress; Salem Harbor, Mass.; House Document No. Cold Spring Inlet, N. J.; House Document Chowan River, N.C., and Blackwater River, 701, Seventy-sixth Congress; No. 262; Seventy-seventh Congress; Va.; House Document No. 101, Seventy-sixth Marblehead Harbor, Mass.; House Docu Delaware River, Philadelphia to the sea; Congress; ment No. 85, Seventy-seventh Congress; House Documents Nos. 580; Seventy-siXth · Pembroke Creek, N. C.; House Document Boston Harbor, Mass.; in accordance with Congress, and 340, Seventy-seventh Congress; No. 235, Seventy-sixth Congress; the report of the Chief of Engineers dated and the maintenance of enlarged channer op Channel from Pamlico Sound to Rodanthe, April 28, 1943; posite the Philadelphia Navy Yard in accord N.C.; House Document No. 234, Seventy-sixth Dorchester Bay and Neponset River, Mass.; ance with the report on file in the office, Congress; House Document No. 394, Seventy-seventh Chief of Engineers; Channel from Pamlico Sound to Avon, N. Congress; Delaware River a.t Camden, N. J.; House C.; House Document No. 316, Seventy-sixtb Weymouth Fore River, Mass.; House Docu Document No. 353, Seventy-seventh Con Congress; ment No. 291, Seventy-seventh Congress; gress; Rollinson Channel, N.C.; House Document Cohasset Harbor, Mass.; House Document Inland waterway between Rehoboth Bay No. 236, Seventy-siXth Congress; No. 425, Seventy-sixth Congress; and Dalaware Bay, Del.; House Document Waterway connecting Swan Quarter Bay Duxbury Harbor, Mass.; Senate Document No. 344, Saventy-seventh Congress; with Deep Bay, N. C.; House Document No. Indian River, Del.; House Document No. 239, Seventy-sixth Congress; No. 115, Seventy-seventh Congress; 330, Seventy-sixth Congress; · Chatham (Stage) Harbor, Mass.; House Neuse and Trent Rivers, N.C.; House Doc Document No. 456, Seventy-seventh Con Nanticoke River, Del. and Md.; Senate Doc ument No. 623, Seventy-seventh Congress; gress; ument No. 69, Deventy-seventh Congre~::s; Channel connecting Thoroughfare Bay with Susquehanna River, above and below •cedar Bay, N. C.; Senate Document No. 87, Wellfleet Harbor, Mass.; House Document Havre de Grace, Md.; Senate Document No. No. 557, Seventy-sixth Congress; Seventy-sixth Congress; 67, Seventy-sixth Congress; Waterway connecting Pamlico Sound and Hyannis Harbor, Mass.; House Document B3.ltimore Harbor and channels, Md.; in Beaufort Harbor, N. C.; House Document No. No 98, Seventy-seventh Congress; accordance with the report of the Chief of 99, · Seventy-seventh Congress, and Senate Cape Cod Canal (Onset Bay), Mass.; House Engineers dated June 30, 19~; and channel Document No. 247, Seventy-seventh Con Document No. 431, Seventy-seventh Congress; in Curtis Creek in accordance with plans on gress; Nantucket Harbor, Mass.; House Document file in the Office, Chief of Engineers; Channel from Back Sound to Lookout No. 115, Seventy-seventh Congress; Mill Creek, Md.; House Document No. 100, Bight; N. C.; House Document No. 746, Sev Menemsha Creek, Marthas Vineyard, Mass.; Szventy-sixth Congress; enty-seventh Congress; House Document No. 365, Seventy-sixt~ Con Broadwater Creek, Md.; House Document B~aUfort Harbor, N. C.; House Documen" gress; No. 622, Seventy-seventh Congress; No. 334, Seventy-sixth Congress; 1384 'CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD'.-!fOlJSE FEBRUARY 22 Inland waterway, Beaufort to Cape Fear Little Manatee River, Fla.; House Docu 402, Seventy-seventh Congress; the depths River, N. c., including waterway to Jackson ment No. 552, Seventy-sixth Congress; and widths to be the same as authorized ville, N. C.; House Documents No. 660, Sev Tampa Harbor, Fla.; Senate Document No. for the main stem of the waterway in Publia enty-sixth Congress, and 346, Seventy-sev• 16, and House Document No. 119, Seventy Law No. 675, enacted July 23, 1942; enth Congress; seventh-Congress, and Senate Document No. Louisiana and Texas Intracoastal Water Cape Fear River, N. C., at and below Wil• 183, Seventy-eighth Congress; way; Senate Document No. 248, Seventy mington; House Document No. 131 and Sen Anclote River, Fla.; House Document No. eighth Congress; ate Document No. 83, Seventy-sixth Gon• 243, Seventy-sixth Congress; Sabine-Neches Waterway, Tex.; House gress; . Pithlachascotee River, Fla.; House Docu Document No. 685, Seventy-sixth Congress, Northeast (Cape Fear) River, N. C.; Sen ment No. 86, Seventy-seventh Congress; and Senate Documents Nos. 60 and 158, Sev ate Document No. 170, Seventy-sixth Con St. Marks River, Fla.; House Document No. enty-seventh Congress; gress; ' 345, Seventy-seventh Congress; Neches and Angelina Rivers, Tex.: Senate Intracoastal Waterway from Cape Fear Intracoastal Waterway from Apalachicola Document No. 98, Seventy-sixth Congress; River, N. o., to Winyah Bay, s. C.; House Doc Bay to St. Marks River, Fla.; House Document The improvement of the Trinity River and ument No. 327, Seventy-sixth Congress; No. 442, Seventy-sixth Congress; tributaries, Texas, for navigation, flood con Winyah Bay, S. C.; House Document No. Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint trol, and allied purposes is .hereby approved 211, Seventy-sixth Congress; Rivers, Ga. and Fla.; House Document No. and authorized in accordance with the re Beresford Creel{, S. C.; House Document 342, Seventy-sixth Congress; ports contained in House Document No. 403, No 602, Sevent y-sixth Congress; St. Josephs Bay, Fla.; Senate Document Seventy-seventh Congress; Charleston Harbor, S. C.; House Document No. 17, Seventy-seventh Congress; and in Lavon Reservoir on East Fork of Trinity No. 156, Seventy-seventh Congress; ·accordance with the report on file in the River, Tex.; House Document No. 533, Sev Shipyard River, S. C.; report of the Chief Office, Chief of Engineers; enty-eighth Congress; of Engineers dated April 11, 1942; Watson Bayou, Fla.; House Document No. Houston Ship Channel, Tex.; House Docu Abbapoola Creek, S. C.; House Document 555, Seventy-sixth Congress; ments Nos. 226 and 256, Seventy-sixth Con No. 97, Seventy-sixth Congress. Pensacola Harbor, Fla.; in accordance with gress; and in accordance with the report of Russel Creek, S. C.; Senate Document No. the report of the Chief of Engineers dated the Chief of Engineers dated August 21, 41, Seventy-sixth Congress; April 3, 1943; 1943; Savannah Harbor, Ga.; House Document Alabama-Coosa River, Ala.: Initial and Clear Creek and Clear Lake, Tex.; House No. 283, Seventy-sixth Congress; ultimate development of the Alabama-Coosa Document No. 319, Seventy-seventh Con- Altamaha, Oconee, and Ocmulgee Rivers, River anq tributaries for navigation, flood gress; ~ Ga.; House Document No. 610, Seventy-sev control, power development, and other pur-. Chocolate and Bastrop Bayous, Tex.; House enth Congress; poses, as outlined in House Document No. Document No. 337, Seventy-sixth Congress: Intracoastal Waterway from Cape Fear Provi ded, That the authorization is not to River, N. C., to St. Johns River, Fla.; House 414, Seventy-seventh Congress, is hereby aut horized substantially in accordance with be construed as final approval for the im Document No. 1.14, Seventy-seventh Con the plans being prepared by the Chief of Engi provement of Bastrop Bayou; gress; neers with such modifications thereof from Channel from Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca Fernandina Harbor and Amelia River, and Lavaca-Navidad Rivers, Tex., in accord Fla.; House Document No. 284, Seventy time to time as in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers ance with the report of the Chief of Engi seventh Congress; neers dated December 10, 1943, and House St. Johns River, Fla., Jacksonville to may be advisable for the purpose of ·increas ing the development of hydroelectric power; Documents Nos. 314, Seventy-sixth Congl'ess, the ocean; House Document No. 322, and 659, Seventy-seventh Congress; Seventy-seventh Congress and Senate Doc and that for the initiation and accomplish ment of the ultimate plan appropriations Guadalupe River, Tex.; House Document urment No. 230, Seventy-eighth Congress, No. 247, Seventy-sixth Congress: Provided, and plans for the ,alteration of channel are authorized in such amounts as Congress may from time to time determine to be That whenever any power project, not un alinement on file in the office of the Chief der Federal license, is benefitted by the Can of Engineers, with such modifications as advisable, the total of such appropriations not to exceed the sum of $60,000,000. The yon Reservoir project, the Federal Power he may deem advisable; Commission, after notice to the owner or St. Johns River, Fla., Palatka to Lake aforesaid authorization and approval shall include authorities for all powerhouses, power owners of such unlicensed project and after Harney; House Document No. 603, Seventy opportunity for hearing, shall determine and sixth Congress; machinery, and appurtenances found to be desirable by the Secretary of War upon the fix a reasonable and equitable annual charge St. Johns River, Fla., Jacksonville, to to be paid to the United States on account Lake Harney; House Document No. 445, recommendation of the Chief of Engineers and the Federal Power Commission; of such benefits by said owner or owners -or Seventy-eighth Congress; 1 other recipients of such benefits; Intracoastal Waterway from Jacksonville, Mobile, Harbor, Ala.; in accordance with the report of the Chief of Engineers dated Aransas Pass-Corpus Christi Channel, Tex.; Fla., to Miami, Fla.; in accordance with the House Document No. 544, Seventy-eighth report of the Chief of Engineers dated Oc October 26, 1942; Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers, Ala. and Congress; tober 26, 1942; Brazos Island Harbor, Tex.: House Docu Intracoastal Waterway from Jacksonville, Miss.; House Documents Nos. 276, Seventy sixth Congress, and 382, Seventy-seventh ment No. 335, Seventy-sixth Congress, and Fla., to Miami, Fla.: House Documents Nos. House Document No. 347, Seventy-seventh 261 and 336, Seventy-sixth Congress; Congress; Dauphin Island Ba.y Channel, Ala.; House Congress; Canaveral Harbor Fla.; House Document Ouachita and Black Rivers, Ark. and La.: No. 367, Seventy-seventh Congress; Document No. 333, Seventy-sixth Congres.s; Bayou Coden, Ala.; House Document No. House Document No. 104, Seventy-sixth St. Lucie Inlet,· Fla.; ;House Document Congress; No. 391, Seventy-seventh Congress; 824, Seventy-seventh Congress;. Bayou La Batre, Ala.; House Document No. Mississippi River between the Ohio and Lake Worth Inlet, Fla.; House Document Missouri Rivers; House Document No. 231, No. 530, Seventy-eighth Congress; 281 , Seventy-sixth Congress; Biloxi Harbor, Miss.; House Documents Seventy-sixth Congress; New River, Fla.; House Document No. 553, Mississippi River between Missouri River Seventy-sixth Congress; Nos. 258 and 326, Seventy-sixth Congress; Pass Christian Harbor, Miss.; Senate Docu and Minneapolis: The existing project for Miami Harbor, Fla.; In accordance with ment No. 214, Seventy-seventh Congress; lock and dam No. 2 is hereby modified in the report of the Chief of Engineers dated Bayou Galere, Miss.; House Document No. accordance with the recommendation in June 24, 1942, with such modifications, in 112, Seventy-sixth Congress; House Document No. 432, Seventy-seventh cluding rearrangement of the harbor facili Bayous LaLoutre, St. Malo, and Yscloskey, Congress; ties and turning basin, as in the discretion La.; Senate Document No. 116, Seventy-sev Mississippi River between Missouri River of the s~cretary of war and the. Chief of ent h Congress; and Minneapolis: The construction of lock Engineers may be advisable; Mississippi River, Baton Rouge, La., to the and dam No. 26 at Alton, Ill., is hereby de Miami River, Fla.; in accordance with the Gulf of Mexico; House Document No. 215, clared to be in accord with the project report of the Chief of Engineers dated Seventy-sixth Congress; authorized by the R,iver and Harbor Act ap March 19, 1942; Intracoastal Waterway in the vicinity of proved August 30, 1935; Intracoastal Waterway from Miami to Key Algiers at New Orleans, La.; Senate Docu Mississippi River between Missouri River West, Fla.; in accordance with the report of ment No. 188, Seventy-eighth Congress; and Minneapolis; House Documents Nos. 103 the Chief of Engineers dated October 26, • Bayous Petit Anse, Tigre, and Carlin, La.: and 547, Seventy-sixth Congress; 263, Sev 1942; House Document No. 594, Seventy-eighth enty-seventh Congress; and 4'19, Seventy Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeecho Congress; eighth Congress; bee drainage areas, Fla.; House Document Calcasieu River and Pass, La.; House Docu Mississippi River between Missouri River No. 696, Seventy-sixth Congress; and in ac ment No. 465, Seventy-seventh Congress; and Minneapolis: The existing project 1a cm·dance with the report of the Chief of • Louisiana and Texas Intracoastal Water hereby modified to provide for remedial works Engineers dated June 5, 1943; way; House Document Nos. 428, Seventy in accordance with the recommendations of Intracoastal Waterway from the Caloosa sixth Congress, and 383, Seventy-seventh the district engineer in the report submitted hatchee River to the Anclote River, Fla.; Congress; ~ in House Document No. 137, Seventy-sixth House Document No. 371, Seventy-sixth Louisiana and Texas Intracoastal Water• Congress, and for such remedial works or Cong;:ess; wa:r to Harlingen, Tex.; House Document No. land acquisitions in any levee or drainage 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 1385 district, with respect to which payments, 1n r ccordance with alternative plan B, as out· That there is hereby-authorized to be ap remedial w'orks, or land acquisitions were lined in the report of the district engineer 1n propriated, out of any money in the Treas recommended in Rivers and Harbors Com· House Document No. 309, Seventy-seventh ury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of mittee Document No. 34, Seventy-fifth Con· Congress, is hereby authorized; $120,000, to be immediately available as an gress, and authorized by the act of August Detroit River, Mich.; in accordance with emergency fund to be expended under the Z6, 1937, as the Chief of Engineers deems the report of the Chief of Engineers dated direction of the Secretary of War and the advisable, in addition to or in lieu of the October 26, 1942; supervision of the Chief of Engineers for payments, remedial works, or land acquisi •sandusky Harbor, Ohio; House Document repairing damage to and checking erosion tions so recommended and authorized; No. 328, Seventy-sixth Congress; on the Bayocean Peninsula, in Oregon, caused Tilinois Waterway, Ill., and Indiana Har· Lorain Harbor, Ohio; House Document No. by a storm in January 1939, in order to bor and Canal, Ind.; House Document No. 161, Seventy-seventh Congress; and in ac· provide adequate protection to property on 145, Seventy-sixth Congress; cordance with the report on file in tlie Oftlce, such peninsula and in Tillamook, Oreg.; Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, Chief of Engineers; Willamette River, Oreg.: The construction and the mouth; House Document No. 214, Cleveland Harbor, Ohio; House Document of the New "Willamette Falls lock and navi Seventy-sixth Congress; No. 232, Seventy-sixth Congress; and the gation works in accordance with the plan Scioto River at Portsmouth, Ohio: Such extension of the channel in the CUyahoga submitted in House Document No. 544, Sev works as the Chief of Engineers may find River in accordance with the report of the enty-fifth Congress; advisable to provide a harbor channel equiva Chief of Engineers dated February 14, 1942; Snake River, Oreg., Wash., and Idaho: The lent to that existing prior to initiation of Ashtabula Harbor, Ohio; House Document construction of such dams as are necessary, the Portsmouth flood-control project; the No. 321, Seventy-seventh Congress; and open channel improvement for purposes cost of such works in no event to exceed $75,· Erie Harbor, Pa.; protection of that portion of providing slack water navigation and irri 000; of the peninsula south of the waterworks gation in accordance with the plan submit Coasts of the Great Lakes; harbors of ref settling basins at an estimated annual cost ted in House Document No. 704, Seventy uge for light draft vessels; House Document of $15,000 is hereby authorized; fifth Congress, with such modifications as do No. 446, Seventy-eighth Congress; Erie Harbor, Pa.; in accordance with the not change the requirements to provide slack Baudette Har.bor, Minn.; House Document report of the Chief of Engineers dated Octo· water navigation· as the Secretary ·of War No. 216, Seventy-sixth Congress; ber 26, 1942; may find advisable after consultation with Harbor at Knife River, Minn.; House Docu· Buffalo Harbor, N.Y.; House Document No. the Secretary of the Interior and such other ment No. 686, Seventy-seventh Congress; 852, Seventy-eighth Congress; agencies as may be concerned: Providect, Ashland Harbor, Wis.; House Document Black Rock Channel and Tonawanda Har That surplus electric energy generated at the No. 337, Seventy-seventh Congress; bor, N. Y.; in accordance with the report of dams authorized in this item shall be deliv Menominee Harbor and River, Mich. and the Chief of Engineers dated April 16, 1942; ered to the Secretary of the Interior for dis Wis.; House Document No. 228, Seventy-sixth Wilson Harbor, N. Y.; House Document No. position in accordance with existing laws re Congress; 679, Seventy-sixth Congress; lating to the disposition of power at Bonne Green Bay Harbor, Wis.; House Document Rochester Harbor, N.Y.; House Document ville Dam: Provided further, That nothing No. 95, Seventy-sixth Congress; No. 139, Seventy-siXth Congress; in this paragraph shall be construed as con Sturgeon Bay and Lake Michigan Ship Sackets Harbor, N. Y.; in accordance with ferring the power of condemnation of trans Canal, Wis.; House Document No. 421, Sev· the report of the Chief of Engineers dated mission lines; enty-eighth Congress; January 6, 1944; Columbia River at Bonneville, Oreg.: The Milwaukee Harbor, Wis.; Senate Document Cape Vincent Harbor, N. Y.; House Docu· Secretary of War is hereby authorized, under No. 29, Seventy-sixth Congress; ment No. 363, Seventy-sixth Congress; such terms and conditions as he may deem Racine Harbor, Wis.; House Documents San Diego Harbor, Calif.; House Document advisable, to acquire lands and provide facili Nos. 816, Seventy-seventh Congress, and 255, No. 390, Seventy-seventh Congress; ties in the States of Oregon and Washington Seventy-eighth Congress; Newport Bay Harbor, Calif.; Senate Docu· to replace Indian fishing grounds submerged Waukegan Harbor, Ill.; House Document ment No. 138, Seventy..:eighth Congress; or destroyed as a result of the construction No. 116, Seventy-seventh Congress; Santa Barbara Harbor, Calif.; House Docu· of Bonneville Dam: Provided, That not to Calumet Harbor and River, Ill. and Ind.; ment No. 348, Seventy-seventh Congress; exceed $50,000 may be expended for this pur House Document No. 233, Seventy-sixth Con. Morro Bay, Calif.; House Document No. 283, pose from funds heretofore or hereafter ap gress; · Seventy-seventh Congress; and further harbor propriated for. maintenance and improve St. Joseph Harbor, Mich.; House Document development as desired by the Navy Depart ment of existing river and harbor works: No. 129, Seventy-sixth Congress; ment in accordance with the plans on file Provided further, That such lands and fa Grand Haven Harbor and Grand River, in the oftlce, Chief of Engineers; cilities shall be transferred to the Secretary Mich.; House Document No. 661,- Seventy· Monterey Harbor, Calif.; House Document of the Interior for the use and ben·efit of the sixth Congress; No. 266, Seventy-sixth Congress; Indians, and shall be subject to the same· Manistee Harbor, Mich.; House Document Monterey Bay (Moss Landing), Calif.; in conditions, safeguards, and protections as No. 380, Seventy-seventh Congress; accordance with the report on file 1n the the treaty fishing grounds sub:q1erged or de St. Marys River, Mich., South Canal: In office, Chief of Engineers; stroyed; accordance With the report of the Chief of Redwood Creek, Calif.; in accordance with Columbia River and tributaries above Engineers dated August 14, 1944, and con the report of the Chief of Engineers dated Celilo Falls to the mouth of Snake River, tained in House Document No. 679, Seventy· November 3, 1941; Oreg. and Wash.; Senate Document No. 28, eighth Congress, second session; Oakland Harbor, Calif.; House Document Seventy-sixth Congress; and House· Docu· St. Marys River, Mich.: The construction of No. 466, Seventy-seventh Congress; ment No. 3~4. ·Seventy-seventh Congress; a new hydroelectric power plant in accordance Oakland Harbor, Calif.; in accordance with Columbia River, Oreg. and Wash.; the con with the plan recommended in House Docu the report ~m file in the office, Chief of Engi struction of the Umatilla Dam for purposes ment No. 339, Seventy-seventh Congress: neers; of navigation, power development, and irri Provided, That only the first step of the rec· Richmond Harbor, Calif.; House Document gation in accordance with the plan submitted ommended development, involving an in· No. 715, Seventy-sixth Congress; in House Document No. 704, Seventy-fifth stallation of approximately· 14,000 kilowatts San Pablo Bay and Mare Island Strait, Congress: Provided, That surplus electric at an estimated cost of $3,500,000, shall be Calif.; House Document No. 217, Seventy· energy generated at said dam shall be de constructed at this time, and no further de seventh Congress; livered to the Secretary of the Interior for velopment in addition to said first step shall Noyo Harbor, Calif.; House Document No. disposition in accordance with existing laws be undertaken until hereafter authorized by 682, Seventy-sixth Congress; relating to the disposition of power at Bon law: Provided further, That the existing Crescent City Harbor, Calif.; House Docu neville Dam: Provided further, That not h United St ates hydroelectric power plant at ment No. 688, Seventy-sixt h Congress, and ing in this paragraph shall be co;nstrued as Sault Ste. Marie shall be abandoned upon the construction of an inner breakwater in conferring the power of condemnation of completion of the new plant: Provided fur· accordance witll the plans on file in the office, transmission lines: Provided further, That ther, That the electric energy generated in Chief of Engineers; said dam shall be so constructed as to pro the operation of said new plant shall be sold Chetco River, Oreg.; House Document No. vide a pool elevation of 340 feet above sea by the Secretary of War, and any surplus 817, Seventy-seventh Congress; level if a dam of that height is found to water available to the United States which is Coquille River, Oreg.; House Do~ument No. be feasible. In the design, construction, and not required for the operation of facilities 672, Seventy-sixth Congress; operation of the Umatilla Dam adequate owned by the United States may be leased by Umpqua Harbor and River, Oreg.; Senate provision shall be made for the protection the Secretary of War upon such tetms and Document No. 86, Seventy-sixth Congress; of anadromous fishes by affording free access conditions as he shall determine: And pro Umpqua River, Oreg.; Senate Document No. to their natural spawning grounds or by vided further, That pending construction of 191, Seventy-seventh Congress; other appropriate means. St udies and sur the new United States plant he may also en Yaquina Bay and Harbor, Oreg.; Senate veys necessary for fish protection shall be ter into such arrangements for continued Document No. 119, Seventy-seventh Con· made by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the operation of the existing Government plant gress; Dapartment of the Interior, and designs for and the use of water as he may deem advis Depoe Bay, Oreg.; House Document No. structures and facilities required for fish pro able in the public interest; 850, Seventy-seventh CongreEs; tection shall be prepared in cooperation with St. Clair River at Southeast Bend, Mich.; Salmon River, Oreg.; House Document No. that agency. Funds appropriated for the the widening of. the existing project channel, p51, Seventy-sixth Congress; design, construction, or operation of said dam 1386 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD'-HOUSE FEBRUARY 22 shall be available for transfer to the Depart· of Lincoln Park, now superseded by the to be paid from appropriations heretofore or ment of the Interior for the foregoing pur• Chicago Park District, a municipal corpora. hereafter made for such purposes: PrOVided, poses. The aforesaid dam heretofore re• tion organized and existing under the, laws That no preliminary examination, survey, ferred to as the Umatilla Dam shall when of the State of Illinois to exercise jurisdiC· project, or estimate for new works other than completed be named the McNary Dam in tion over thtl navigable waters of Lake Michl· those designated in this or some prior act honor of the late Senator Charles L. Mo· gan which lie within the following-described or joint resolution shall be made: Provided Nary. and shall be dedicated to his memory boundaries: further, That after the regular or formal as a monument to his distinguished publio Beginning at a point at the intersection reports made as required by law. on any exam service; of the existing bulkhead along Lake Shore ination, survey, project, or work under way Columbia River between Vancouver, Wash., Drive in Chicago, Ill., with the existing pier ·or proposed are submitted no supplemental and Bonneville, Oreg.; House Document No. which is parallel to and north of Ohio Street or additional report or estimate shall be made 218, Seventy-sixth Congress; extended and south of Ontario Street ex unless authorized by law: Provided further, Columbia and Willamette Rivers below tended; thence easterly along said pier to a That the Government shall not be deemed to Vancouver, Wash., and Portland, Oreg.; House point in a line parallel to and 350 feet easterly have entered upon any project for the im· Doc11ments Nos. 341 and 630, Seventy-seventh of said bulkhead along the Lake Shore Drive; provement of any waterway or harbor men Congress; thence northwesterly along said last-de· tioned in this act until the project for the Baker Bay, Columbia River, Wash.; House scribed line to a paint in a curve of 200 feet proposed work shall have been adopted by Document No. 443, Seventy-sixth Congress; radius and tangent both to said last-described law: Provided further, That reports of surveys Willapa River and Harbor, Wash.; House line and to a line 350 feet southerly from the on beach erosion and shore protection shall Document No. 481, Seventy-sixth Congress; southerly side of and parallel to the shore include an estimate of the public interests Grays Harbor and Chehalis River to Aber· arm extension breakwater extending into involved, and such plan of improvement as deen, Wash., to maintenance work in accord Lake Michigan from a point near the inter is found justified, together with the equi· ance with 1·eport on file in Office, Chief of section of Oak Street and Lake Shore Drive; table distribution of costs in each case: And Engineers; thence along said curve to a point in said provided further, That this section shall not Qulllayute River, Wash.; House Document line last described; thence easterly along said be construed to interfere with the perform· No. 218, Seventy-eighth Congress; line to a point in a line at right angles with ance of any duties vested in the Federal Pow Port Angeles Harbor, Wash.; House Docu• said shore arm extension breakwater at the er Commission under existing law: ment No. 331, Seventy-seventh Congress; eastern extremity thereof; thence northward Beals Harbor, Maine. Olympia Harbor, Wash.; House Document along said last-described line to said shore Blue Hill Harbor, Maine. No. 699, Seventy-sixth Congress; arm extension breakwater; thence westward Macks Point, Searsport, Maine, with a view Tacoma Harbor, Wash.; House Document along said shore arm extension breakwater to the construction of a harbor. No. 124, Seventy-sixth Congress; to the shore line; and (b) the.right granted Scarboro River, Maine, between Prouts Stillaguamish River, Wash.; House Docu• to said the Commissioners of Lincoln Park, Neck and Pine Point. ment No. 286, Seventy-seventh Congress; now superseded by the Chicago Park District, Bunganuc Creek, Maquoite Bay, Maine. Lake Crockett, Wash.; House Document to destroy the navigability of the above Cathance River, Maine. No. 303, Seventy-seventh Congress; described waters altogether; and (c) the right Metlakatla Harbor, Alaska; House Docu· Winterport Harbor, Maine. granted to said the Commissioners of Lincoln Boothbay Harbor, Maine,' particularly the ment No. 138, Seventy-sixth Congre~~&; Park, now superseded by the Chicago Park Craig Harbor, Alaska; House Document No. Mill Cove area. District, to erect an additional breakwater to Cundys Harbor, Maine. 558, Seventy-sixth Congress; connect the said shore arm extension break Meyers Chuck Harbor, Alaska; House Docu•. water near the intersection of Oak Street and Wood Island Harbor, Maine, and the pool mimt No. 222, Seventy-sixth Congress; Lake Shore Drive with the shore line; and at Biddeford. Wrangell Harbor, Alaska; House Document (d) the transfer of possession of said shore For a continuous waterway between Port No. 284, Seventy-sixth Congress; arm extension breakwater to said the Com land, Maine, and Boston, Mass., inland where wrangell Narrows, Alaska; House Docu· missioners of Lincoln Park, now superseded by possible. · ment No. 260, Seventy-sixth Congress; the Chicago Park District, and the obligation -Waterway from Plum Island Sound to the Sitka Harbor, Alaska; in accordance with for the permanent care, custody, and main· Annisquam River, Essex County, Mass. the report of the Chief of Engineers dated tenance of said shore arm extension break· Ipswich River, Plum Island Sound, and March 14, 1944; water by the Commissioners of Lincoln Park, Fox Creek, Mass. · Skagway Harbor, Alaska; in accordance Mattapoisett, Mass. with the report of the Chief of Engineers now superseded by the Chicago Park District, all as provid.ed for by the act entitled "An Channel from Buzzards Bay to Buttermilk dated April 11, 1942; Bay, Mass. Petersburg Harbor, Alaska; House Docu· act granting to the Commissioners of Lincoln Park the right to erect a b~eakwater in the Fall River Harbor, Mass. ment No. 670, Seventy-sixth Congress; Mystic River, Mass. Port Alexander, Alaska; House Document navigable waters of Lake Michigan, and trans· No. 578, Seventy-sixth Congress; ferring jurisdiction over certain navigable Falmouth Harbor, Mass·. Gastineau Channel, Alaska; House Docu· waters of Lake Michigan to the Commis Channel to Hog Island, Hingham Bay, Mass. ment No. 325, Seventy-seventh Congress; sioners of Lincoln Park," approved March 3, New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbors and Elfin Cove, Alaska; House Document No. 1931, be rescinded. the Acushnet River, Mass.; particularly with 579, Seventy-sixth Congress; The United States of America hereby re· a view to provide greater depth in the east Seldovia Harbor, Alaska; House Document sumes jurisdiction over the above-described ern portion of the anchorage basin and for No. 702, Seventy-sixth Congress; waters and the above-described shore arm ex· the improvement of navigation, flood control, Keehi Lagoon, Oahu, T. H.; House Docu tension breakwater, and hereby discharges and related purposes. ment No. 379, Seventy-seventh Congress; the Chicago Park District, successor to the Eightmile River, Conn. Port Allen Harbor, Hawaii; House. Docu superseded the Commissioners of Lincoln Moriches Inlet, N. Y. ment No. 180, Seventy-seventh Congress; Centerport Harbor, Long Island, N.Y. San Juan Harbor, P. R.; maintenance of Park, from its liability for the permanent Shinnecock Inlet, Long Island, N. Y. existing entrance channel and turning basin care, custody, and maintenance of said shore Peconic River, Long Island, N. Y. to Army Terminal; arll). extension breakwater. At.Smithtown, Long Island, N. Y. Ponce Harbor, P. R.; in accordance with Said Chicago Park District shall signify its The southern coast of Long Island, from the report of the Chief of Engineers dated acceptance of this act by written notice to the . New York City line to Montauk Point, May 21,· 1942; and the Secretary of War within 60 days after the N.Y., with a view to the protection and 1m• Fajardo Harbor, P. R.; House Document passage of this act, and this section shall be· provement of the beaches along said coast, No. 280, Seventy-sixth Congress. come effective immediately upon its accept· such examination and survey to be made SEC. 3. 'l:hat the Secretary of War is hereby ance by said Chicago Park District. In the under the provisions of section 2 of the River authorized to ailot not to exceed $300,000 event of nonacceptance within 60 days this and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930, and . from any appropriations heretofore or here· section shall become null and void. the act entitled "An act for the improvement after made for any one fiscal year for 1m· SEC. 6. The Chief of Engineers may author· a.nd protection of the beaches along the provement of rivers and harbors, for remov ize the employment of physicians under shores of the United States," approved June ing accumulated snags and other debris, and agreement, to make such physical examina. 26, 1936. for protecting, clearing, and, straightening tions of etnployees or prospective eDlployees channels in navigable harbors and navigable Nissequogue River; N. Y. as he may consider essentidl, on a fee or St. James Harbor, N. Y. streams and tributaries thereof, when in the regular employment basis, and all agreements opinion of the Chief of Engineers such work Fire Island Inlet, N. Y. is advisable in the interest of navigation or heretofore entered into for such purposes are Saw Mill River, N. Y. :flood control. The paragraph in section 1 hereby validated, and the Comptroller Gen· Bronx River, N. Y. of the River and Harbor Act approved July eral is authorized and directed to allow credit Westchester Creek, N. Y. 25, 1912, relating to removal of temporary in the accounts of disbursing officers for rea• Hutchinson River, N. Y. obstructions, as amended by section 3 of the sonable payments heretofore made for such Steinway Creek, Astoria, N. 1:. River and H~bor Act approved July 3, 1930, services. Champlain Canal, N.Y., with a view to 11• and section 3 of the River and Harbor Act ap• S:ro. 6. The Secretary of War is hereby au... improvement without taking 'itle to said proved October 17, 1940, is hereby repealed. thoriZed and directed to cause preliminary canal and its appurtenances. SEc. 4. That (a) the consent, permission, examinations a.J;ld surveys to be made at the Hudson River, N. Y., from Albany to Ne]E , and authority granted to the CommissiC)ner~t tollowinE-named 19c.al1t1es, the 9<)st therep~ :Yor~ City. 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 1387 Hudson River, at or near North German- Governor's Run, Calvert County, Md., with iliary side channel from the Intracoastal town, Columbia County, N. Y. - a view to providing a harbor for small boats. Waterway near Titusville through, and Hudson River at the mouth of Endikill Channel between Ramsey Bay and Chesa easterly of, Merritt Island via Banana Creek Creek, N. Y., with a view to constructing a peake Bay, and other measures for the pre and River, to, or near, Eau Gallie, Fla . . small boat anchorage basin. vention of damage from erosion near the Side channels, or spur channels, leading Mohawk River, N. Y. mouth of South River, Anne Arundel County, from the Intracoastal Waterway from Jaclt Arthur Kill, N. Y. and N. J., between a Md. sonville to Miami, Fla., to, and turning basins point 1,000 feet north of the mouth of Area where Neale Creek, Md., empties into or harbors at, the various communities on or Smiths Creek and a point 1,000 feet south the Potomac River, with a view to removing near the banks of said waterway, having of Buckwheat Island. the sand bar and providing a safe harbor. particular reference to providing such im Hackensack River, N. J. Potomac and Anacostia Rivers and adja provements to and at Titusville, Flagler Sandy Hook Bay, N. J., with a view to cent waters in and near the District of Colum Beach, New Smyrna, Fort Pierce, and to the providing a channel to, and navigation im bia, with a view to attaining a comprehensive Lighthouse Service depot at Taylor Creek, provements at, Leonardo. and coordinated improvement and develop adjacent to Fort Pierce Harbor. Coast of New Jersey, from Sandy Hook to ment of such waters and their shores. In St. Augustine Harbor, and vicinity, Florida. Cape May, with a view to the improvement determining the recommendations to be Kissimmee River, Fla. and protection of the beaches along said made with respect to such improvement and Jupiter Inlet, Fla. coast, such examination and survey to 'be development; consultations shall be had with, Oklawaha River, Fla., from Lake Apopka made under the provisions of section 2 of and consideration given to the recommenda through Lake Dora to Lake Eustis and adjoin the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, tions of, the National Capita~ Park and Plan ing waterways. 1930, and the act entitled "An act for the ning Commission and the Commissioners of Oklawaha River, Fla., from Lake Eustis to improvement and protection of the beache.s the District of Columbia. Lake Griffin, and thence from Lake Griffin to along the shores of the United States," ap Potomac River· and tributaries at and be Silver Springs Run. proved June 26, 1936. low Washington, D. C., with a view to elimi Salem River, Salem County, N. J. nation of the water chestnut. Oklawaha River and its tributaries, Florida, Fishing Creek, Cumberland County, N. J. Potomac River at and near Washington, with a view to improvement in the interest Cheesequake Creelc, N. J. D. C. of navigation, flood control, and related pur· Schuylkill River, Pa., particularly with a Potomac and Anacostia Rivers at and near poses. · view to providing a deeper channel. Washington, D. C., with a view to providing For a system of interlocking open-river and Schuylkill River, Pa., to determine whether a municipal sailing base. canalized channels having a depth of 12 feet, navigation conditions may be improved, and Farnham Creek, Richmond County, Va. and of suitable width, to be constructed if the increasing cost of maintenance due Southwest side of Rappahannock River, in through rivers and lakes, and by land cuts, to silting in the channels of the Schuyl- • vicinity of Bowlers Wharf, Essex County, Va., as follows: From Palatka, Fla., to the Indian kill and Delaware Rivers may be less to secure harbor of refuge and connecting River at Sebastian, Melbourne, Eau Gallie, ened, and flood heights controlled, by the channels. Cocoa, or such other locality as may be found construction of impounding and settling Finneys Creek, Accomac County, Va., and most suitable; from Titusville westerly to the reservoirs to prevent the encroachment of the channel connecting said creek with St. Johns River, thence to Ls.ke Tohope mining wastes. Wachapreague Inlet and the Atlantic Ocean.' kaliga; from Lake Tohopekaliga to Leesburg, Mispillion River, Del., up to Milford. Jackson Creek, Westmoreland County, Va. on Lake Harris; from Lake Harris to the St. Waterway from Indian River Inlet to Reho Bonum Creek, Westmoreland County, Va. Johns River near· Dexter Lake or alternately both Bay, Del. Kings Creek, Northampton County, Va. from Lake Harris to the Wekiwa River, thence Ocean City Harbor and Inlet, and Sine Bransons Cove, lower Machodoc River, Va. to the St. Johns River; and from Lake puxent Bay, Md. Taskmers Creek, Northumberland County, Tohopekaliga via the Kissimmee River and Marumsco Creek, lower Somerset County, Va. Lake Okeechobee to a connection with the Md. Davis Creek, Mathews County, Va. Okeechobee Cross-Florida Channel; all with a Websters Cove, Somerset County, Md., with Dyer Creek, Mathews County, Va. view to improvement in the interest of navi a view to constructing a jetty in the project Deep Creek, Accomac County, Va. gation, flood control, and water conserva channel. Browns Bay, Gloucester County, Va., and tion. Twitch Cove and Big Thoroughfare River, the channel connecting said bay with Mob· Orange Lake Basin, Fla. Md., with a view to the construction of a jack Bay. Wacasassa River and its tributaries, Florida, boat basin at Ewell. Parrotts Creek, Middlesex County, Va. with a view to improvement in the interest Pocomoke River, Md., from Old Rock Buoy The Hague (Smith Creek), Va. of navigation, flood control, and related pur to Williams Point. Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, Nor poses. Crisfield Harbor, Md. folk Harbor,· Va. Channel and harbor at Everglades, Collier Taylors Landing, Worcester County, Md. Chucltatuck Creek, Nansemond and Isle of County, Fla. Channel from Charlestown, Northeast Riv- Wight Counties, Va. Bakers Haulover Inlet, Fla. er, Md., to Havre de Grace. Little Creek, Princess Anne County, Va. Waterway from packing house and rail Channel from Havre de Grace, Md., to Red Lynnhaven Inlet and Bay and connecting road terminal at Belle Glade, Fla., to Lake Point, via Stump Point and Carpenter Point. waters, Virginia, with a view to preparing a Okeechobee and to the Intracoastal Water Bear Creek and Lynch Cove, Md. plan of improvement and estimate of cost, way through the Hillsboro and West Palm Deep Creek and Fresh Water Pond, Md. particularly to prevent shoaling, in the inter Beach Canals. Honga River and Tar Bay, including chan- est of shellfish production and navigation. Peace River, Fla. nel into and harbor in Back Creek, Hooper Inland waterway from Norfolk, Va., to Channel to Pahokee, on Lake Okeechobee, Island, Md. Beaufort, N. C., with a view to providing a Fla. Channel in Honga River, to the plant of side channel 12 feet deep through Pasquo Lake Okeechobee and its tributary streams, White & Nelson, Hoopersville, Md. . tank River and Albemarle Sound to Elizabeth Florida, with a view to removing the water Harbor at Public Landing, Worcester Coun- City. hyacinth. ty, Md. Channel from the Thoroughfare to Albe Fisheating Creek, Fla. Cambridge Harbor, Md. marle Sound, N. C., either by way of lower Channel from bridge at Bradenton, Fla., Rockhall Harbor, Md. Cashie River, Middle River, and Bachelors to deep water in Gulf of Mexico (Tampa Ross cove (Magothy River), Md. Bay, or by way of any other route. Bay). . Cambridge Harbor, Md. Purviance Creek, New Hanover County, Channel from Tampa Bay to Safety Har Coxes Creek, tributary of Stony Creek, Md. N.C. bor, Fla. Channels to Lake Ogleton and Walnut Lake, Little Pee Dee River, S.C., from junction of Channel from Old Tampa Bay to Oldsmar, Anne Arundel County, Md. the Lumber River to the Great Pee Dee River, Fla. Walnut Creek, Anne Arundel County, Md., with a view to removing logs, debris, and Channel leading from Tampa Bay Channel lying between Bay Ridge and Arundel-on-the other obstructions. directly north to the vicinity of Maximo Bay. Santee-Congaree Buckingham Landing Point near St. Petersburg, Fla. Channel from Kent Island Narrows to Well Site, S.C. Channel leading from Tampa Bay Channel Cove, Chester River, Md. Jefferys Creek, Florence County, S. C. directly north to the vicinity of Mullet Key Port Tobacco Creek, Md. Murrells Inlet, S. C. and with a view to providing a protected Hellens Creek, Calvert County, Md. Cooper River, S.C., from Charleston Harbor harbor and turning basin. Channel from Rhodes Point to Tylerton, to the Pinopolis power plant. St. Petersburg Harbor, ·Fla., to provide Somerset County, Md. Channel from the ocean through St. for a channel up to the depth of 30 feet St. Patricks Creek, Md. Helena Sound or through Port Royal Sound from the main Tampa Bay ship channel past Big.Kingston Creek, St. Marys County, Md. to Beaufort, S. C. the port of St. Petersburg in front of the Tanners Creek, St. Marys County, Md. North River, Ga. recreation pier. Parkers Creek, Calvert County, Md. St. Marys River, Ga. and Fla. .Hillsboro Inlet, Fla., in the vicinity of Chester River Channel, Md. St. Johns River, Fla., Palatka to Lake Pompano. Nanticoke River, Bivalve, Wicomico Coun Harney. Channels through Big Pass and Little Pass, ty, Md., with a view to providing a harbor Intracoastal Waterway from Jacksonville to from Clearwater Bay, Fla., to deep water for small boats. Miami, Fla., with a view to providing an aux· in the Gu~f of Mexico. 1388 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE FEBRUARY 22 Sarasota Bay, Fla: Channel from Caseys For flood control, irrigation, navigation, Missouri River in South Dakota and North Pass (Venice Inlet), through Dona Bay to and drainage, and for the prevention of Dakota. the bridge on the United States Highway stream pollution and salt-water intrusion, Missouri River in Nebraska. No. 41, including a turning basin at the on all streams and bayous in southwest Lou Allegheny River, up to Olean, N. Y. eastern terminus of the channel. !siana, west of the West Atchafalya Basin Tofte Harbor, Minn. Hudson River, Fla. protection levee, and south of the latitude Grand Portage Harbor, Minn. Suwannee River, Ga. and Fla., with a view of Boyce; on all streams and bayous in Loui- Lake Kabetogama, Minn. to improvement in the interest of naviga . siana lying between the East Atchafalaya Waterway connecting Lake Superior and tion and flood control. Basin protection levee and the Mississippi Lake Michigan, from Au Train Lake to Little Channel from the deep water in St. Joseph River; and on Amite and Tangipahoa Rivers Bay de Noc, Mich. Sound to, and turning basin at, Ozona, Fla. and tributaries, Louisiana. Harbor at mouth of Au Train River, Mich. Chassahowitska River, Fla. Mermentau River, La., from Grand Chenier Shelldrake Harbor, Mich. Crystal River, Fla. to the Gulf. St. Marys River at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., Channel, turning basin, and improve Bell City drainage canal, La. with a view to providing facilities for light ments at Horseshoe, Dixie County, Fla. Bayou La Fourche, La., from the Gulf draft navigation. Santa Fe River, from bridge on Federal of Mexico to Lee ville or to Golden Mea~ ow. Harbor at St. Ignace, Mich. Highway No. 41, near High Springs, to the - Bayou La Fourche, La., from Donaldson Kenosha Harbor, Wis. Suwannee River, and from this bridge up ville to the Intracoastal Waterway, via Bayou Mackinac Harbor, Mich. stream to Camp Blanding, Kingsley Lake, Boeuf, Assumption Parish, or other streams, Galien River, Berrien County, Mich. Fla. in the interest of navigation, flood control, Pine River, Mich. Waterways from Camp Blanding, Kingsley beneficial uses of water, malarial control, Pinconning River, Mich. Lake, Fla., via Black Creek to St. Johns River, prevention of stream pollution, and of the Clinton River, Mich. and (or) via Black Creek and Doctors Inlet location of locks at the head of said bayou Waterway from Lake Erie, at or near To to St. Johns River. · at or near Donaldsonville, La. ledo, Ohio, to the southerly end of Lake Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, to determine North Prong, Schooner Bayou, Vermilion Michigan by way of the Maumee River and if existing project should be modified by Parish, La. the city of Fort Wayne, Ind., or other prac constructing the waterway from Carrabelle, Gulf Intracoastal Waterway and connect ticable route. Fla., to Lanark, thence to Turkey Point, Alli ing streams, lakes, and bays in Louisiana be St. Marys River, Ohio and Ind. gator Harbor, Tide Creek, and Panacea. Maumee River, Ind. and Ohio. Canal from St. Marks to Tallahassee, Fla. tween Bayou Sale Ridge and the Calcasieu River in the interest pf navigation, flood con The coast of Lake Erie, with a view to the Chipola River, Ala. and Fla., with a view establishment of harbors of refuge for light to its improvement in. the interest of naviga trol, irrigation, and drainage, and for the prevention of stream polluton and salt-water • draft vessels for commercial and/or recrea tion,_ flood control, power, and other related tional purposes. purposes. intrusion. The shore of Galveston Bay, Tex., with a Harbor at Ballast Island, Ohio. Waterway from the Intracoastal Waterway Vermilion Harbor, Ohio, with a view to im south across Santa Rosa Island, Fla., to a view to preventing its erosion. Galveston Bay and contiguous waters, provement in the interest of navigation and point at or near Deer Point Light. related purposes. La Grange Bayou, Fla. Texas, with a view to providing a seaplane Rocky River, Ohio. St. Joseph Bay, Fla. channel. The south shores of Lake Erie and of Lake Aucilla River, Fla. Pine Island Bayou, Tex. Huron with a view to the establishment of East Pass from the Gulf of Mexico into Cedar Bayou Pass, Corpus Christi Pass, harbors and harbors of refuge for light-draft Choctawhatchee Bay, Fla. and Pass. at Murdocks Landing, Tex. commercial and fishing vessels and for recre Bayou Texar, Fla. Little Bay, ·Tex. ational craft. Pensacola Harbor, Fla. Sabine River· and tributaries, Texas, in the At or ·near North East, Pa., with a view to Entrance to perdido B'ay, Ala. and Fla., from interest of navigation, flood control, and constructing a harbor of refuge. the Gulf of Mexico to deep water in Perdido other water uses. Harbor at Hamburg Township, N.Y. Bay, via the most practicable route. . Neches River and tributaries, Texas, in the Little River (branch of Niagara River), at Columbus, Ga., to Pensacola, Fla.: Water interest of navigation, flood control, and .Cayuga Island, Niagara Falls, N.Y. way via Chattahoochee, Conecuh, and Es other water uses. Port Bay, N.Y. cambia Rivers. Big Sandy Creek, Tex. Oswego Harbor, N.Y. Waterway from the Escambia River to the Cypress Creek, Tex. . Chaumont River, N.Y. Alabama River, Fla. and Ala. Sabine-Neches Waterway, Tex., with a view At and in the vicinity of Henderson, N. Y., Tombigbee River, Ala. and Miss., and canal to further improvements in the interest of with a view to constructing a harbor. connecting the Tombigbee and Tennessee navigation and the prevention of damage by At and in the vicinity of Sacketts Harbor, Rivers. floods. N. Y., with a view to providing additional Tennessee, Tombigbee, and Mobile Rivers, Dickinson Bayou, Tex. harbor facilities. with a view to securing a through waterway Jones Creek, Tex., with a view to improve Point Dume, Calif. of 12 feet depth and suitable width between ment in the interest of navigation and flood Santa Monica Harbor, Calif. the Ohio River .and the Gulf of Mexico. control. · The coast of southern California, with a Fly Creek, Fairhope, Ala. Waterway from the Neches River, by way of view to the establishment of harbors for Channel 40 feet deep, to serve as a deep Pine Island Bayou and extension, to Trinity light-draft vessels. water outlet to the Gulf of Mexico from the River, Tex. Pillar Point, Half Moon Bay, San Mateo harbors of Mobile, Ala., and Pascagoula, Double Bayou, Tex. County, Calif. · Biloxi, and Gulfport, Miss. . Colorado River, Tex. Monterey Bay, Calif. Pearl River, in the interest of flood control Waterway from Alvin, Tex., to the Intra Area at and in the vicinity of South Basin, in Pearl River, Marion, Hinds, and Lawrence coastal Waterway. San Francisco, Calif. Counties, Miss. Ouachita River, with a view to the con Carquinez Strait and Alhambra Creek, Grand Bayou Pass, La., from the Gulf of struction of a dam at or near Rockport, Ark., Calif., with a view to providing harbor Mexico to Buras and Empire. in the interest of navigation, flood control, improvements at, and in the vicinity of, Bayou Schofield, La., from the Gulf of and the development of hydroelectric power. Martinez. Mexico to Buras and Empire. i.Gosahatchie River. Tenn., from its mouth Noyo River, Calif. Ship canal to extend from the Mississippi to the 0. K. ·Robertson Road and including Napa River, Calif. River at a point at or near the city of New the area west of the Illinois Central R. R. Humboldt Bay, Calif. Orleans, La. ., to the Gulf of Mexico, by way and north of Wolf River, with a view to ex Bays, inlets, and rivers along the coast of of the best available route or routes. tending the navigation facilities of Mem Oregon with a view to providing an ade Barge channel in vicinity of Baton Rouge, phis Harbo!'. quate number of deep draft harbors. La., extending from the Mississippi River Mississippi River: Davenport (Iowa) harbor Nelscott, Oreg., with a view to protection through Devils Swamp or along its eastern· refuge. of the beach. edge. Mississippi River at Cassville, Wis. Harbor at Empire, Oreg. Grand Bayou, connecting Bayo'.l Boeuf Mississippi River at Prairie du Chien, Wis. Alsea Bay, Oreg., with a view to the con and Bayou Chevreuil, La. Mississippi River at Alma, Wis. struction of a harbor of refuge. Barataria Bay and connecting channels, Mississippi Rive.r at Ma1den Rock, Wis. Coos Bay, Oreg. La., to provide a continuous waterway from Illinois and Mississippi Canal, Ill. Channel at Charleston, South Slough, the Gulf of Mexico to the Intracoastal Wa St. Croix River Basin, Minn. and Wis., in Oreg, terway. cluding consideration of the construction of Tillamook Bay and Bar, Oreg. Bayou Boeuf, La Fourche Parish, ·La. dam below the mouth of Kettle River. Nehalem Bay and River. Lake Pontchartrain, La., with a view to Minnesota River, Minn., up to a point 10 Columbia Slough. the construction of a seaplane base in the miles above New Ulm, 'with a view to im Astoria, Oreg., with a view to the con vicinity of New Orleans and with a view to provement in the interest of navigation and struction of a mooring basi:Q for fishing boats the protection of the shoreline and repairs related purposes. within the harbor. to the existing protective works on Lake Red River of the North drainage basin, Willapa Harbor, Wash., with a view to pro Pontchartrain at Mandeville, La. Minnes'lta, South Dakota, and North Dakota. Viding a channel to, and turning basin at, 1945 ·coNGRESSIONAI.; RECORD--HOUSE 1389 Tokeland Dock; also with a view to providing the Whole today and include therein cer~ 1934, as amended, so as to prohibit in.. a mooring basin and breakwater at and near tain tables. terference with the broadcasting of non Nahcotta Dock, Nahcotta. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there commercial cultural or educational pro .. Grays Harbor, Wash., with a view to con structing a channel into Bay City. objection to the request of the gentleman grams. Grays Harbor, Wash., with a view to pro from Oregon? COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY viding a breakwater and other improvements There was no objection. On Friday, February 23, 1945, at 10:30 at and near Westport. Mr. JOHNSON of California. Mr. Grays Harbor, Wash., with a view of pro- a. m., hearings will be continued before Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex Subcommittee No.3 of the Committee on viding a deep-sea fishing base at Hoquiam. tend my remarks in the RECORD and in FTiday Harbor, Wash. the Judiciary on the bill, H. R. 97, to Sitka Harbor, Alaska. clude the opinion of Judge Kennedy in amend the act entitled "An act to sup Cordova Harbor, Alaska. the Jackson Hole case. plement existing laws against unlawful Kodiak Harbor, Alaska. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there restraints and monopolies, and for other Neva Strait and Olga Strait, Alaska. objection to the request of the gentleman purposes" (with respect to patents). U"pper Kvichak River, Alaska. from California? The hearings will be held in the Judici Skagway Harbor, Alaska. There was no objection. Valdez Harbor, Alaska, with a view to its Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I ask ary Committee room, 346 House Office improvement and particularly with respect unanimous· consent to extend my re Building. to the expansion of facilities for harborage marks in the RECORD and include certain COMMITTEE ON THE MERCHANT MARINE AND of small boats. FISHERIES Cook Inlet, Alaska, with a view to improve excerpts from letters and newspapers. ment for navigation, providing harbor facili The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there NOTICE OF POSTPONEMENT OF HEARINGS ties for the city of Anchorage, and the objection to the request of ·the gentle The hearings on H. R. 1425, the post development of hydroelectric power. man from New Jersey? war ship-disposal bill, scheduled to be Anchorage Harbor, Alaska, with a view to There was no objection. gin on Thursday, February 15, 1945, have its improvement, and with the view of deter mining the advisability of providing addi Mr. STEVENSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask been postponed until Thursday, March tional harbor facilities for small boats. unanimous consent to extend my re 1, 1945, at 10 o'clock a. m. Kalaupapa Landing, Island of Molokai, marks in the RECORD and include a let T. H. ter from a constituent on the subject of EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. Kalepolepa Boat Harbor, Island of Maul, the pampering of German prisoners. T.H. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive Humacao Playa, Punta Santiago, P.R. objection to the request of the gentle· communications were taken from the Arecibo Harbor, P.R., with a view to deter Speaker's table and referred as follows: mining whether modifications in the author man from Wisconsin? There was no objection. 250. A letter from the Chairman of the ized project would be desirable. War PToduction Board, transmitting the Christiansted Harbor, St. Croix, V. I., with ENROLLED BILL SIGNED sixteenth report on the operations of the a view to improvement for ·navigation. Mr. ROGERS of New York, from the Chairman of the War Production Board· to SEc. 7. The Secretary of War is hereby the Committee on Banking and Currency. authorized and directed to ascertain as Committee on Enrolled Bills, reported nearly as can be estimated the amounts of that that committee haci examined and 251. A communication from the President damages resulting to manufacturers on the of the United States, transmitting a draft o:r found truly enrolled a bill of the House a proposed provision pertaining to an exist Oswego River, by the improvement of the of the following title, which was there Oswego and Erie Canals by the State of New ing appropriation for the District of Colum York in accordance with the project adopted upon signed by the Speaker: bia (H. Doc. No. 99); to the Committee on by the River and Harbor Act, approved H. R. 626. An act to authorize the Secre Appropriations and ordered to be printed. August 30, 1935. tary of the Navy to proceed with the con 252. A letter from the President of the struction of certain public works, and for Civil Service Commission, transmitting a The CHAIRMAN. Under the rule the other purposes. copy of a proposed bill to improve salary and Committee rises. ' wage administration in the Federal service; Accordingly the Committee rose; and BILL AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS PRESENTED to provide pay for overtime and for night the Speaker pro tempore