« les guerres des Religions » 1562-1599 end of the Valois dynasty – first generation of the Bourbon dynasty
• Eight conflicts between Catholics and Protestants in the second half of the 16th century: political conflict from the death of Henry II in 1559.
• Struggle between three important families: Montmorency, Guise and Bourbon
• August 18 1572, Royal wedding : Henry of Navarre (protestant) and Marguerite of Valois (Henry II daughter and catholic).
• August 22 1572 « Missed » assassination of the Duke of Coligny (Protestant) in Paris followed by the night of Saint-Barthelemy on August 24 1572. • July 1593: converted to Catholicism
Henry 4th born Henri de Bourbon • 1594: Henry IV enter Paris. 1600 married with Marie de Medicis in Lyon. (1553-1610) King of Navarre 1572-1610 & • 1601 birth of future Louis XIII. king of France 1589-1610. First Bourbon king • May 14,1610, assassinated rue de la Ferronnerie by François Ravaillac
Saint-Bathelemy, August 24 1572, Giorgio Vasari Henry 4th Paris 1594-1610 Late 16th century Louvre
Project by Henry 4th for the Louvre
The Louvre in 1610 Place Dauphine and Pont Neuf (map Mérian, 1615)
Place Royale (today Place des Vosges) Place Dauphine
Place Royale/des Vosges
Louis XIII 1601-1643 Born at Fontainebleau in 1601
Crowned king in 1610
Regency directed by his mother Queen Marie De Medicis with Concini and Galigaï
May 1615 married in Bordeaux with the Spanish princess Anne of Austria
April 1617 assassination of Concini – M. de Medicis exiled at Blois – Louis XIII rules the country
Richelieu: 1622 cardinal 1624-42 minister
Portrayed by Rubens
Il Gésu in Rome plan by Nanni di Baccio redesigned by Michel Angelo in 1554 and by Vignola in 1568. Façade and cupola by Giacomo della Porta
Model for many classical churches in Paris
Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, building started in 1494 Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis, Façade 1616 - 1621, architects : Martellange and Durand architects: 1627-1641 S. de Brosse C. Metezeau Val-de-Grâce 1643-1660’s architects: François Mansart Pierre Le Muet Jacques Lemercier
Escorial, Spain
Val-de-Grâce
Louis Dieudonné, 1638-1715
Louis XIV from 1661
also called the sun-king Projects for the Western façade of the Louvre
Bernini
François Mansart
Perrault, Le Brun and Le Vau The Louvre, end of the17th century In the will of Mazarin, in 1661, the allocation of an important sum of money for the creation of a “Collège des quatre nations” to receive students from the new French territories after the traités de Westphalie (1648) et des Pyrénées (1659) : Pignerol, Alsace, Flandre, Artois, Hainaut, Roussillon, Cerdagne.
Architect: Louis Le Vau Building finished in 1667 Interior decoration by François d’Orbay from 1670 to 1688
Paris an open city with
gate-ways designed as triumphal arches
Porte Saint-Martin
Porte Saint-Denis Place des Victoires architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart 1685
Place Vendôme architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart 1698 Hôtel des Invalides
1670-1691
architects:
Libéral Bruant
Jules Hardouin Mansart
Nicolas Fouquet - Vaux-le-Vicomte Architect: Louis Le Vau Interior decoration: Charles Lebrun Garden: André Le Notre
Versailles for Louis 14th
1668
1670 1668 Jules Hardouin Mansart
The hall of mirrors