Local Economic Assessment

Home , Borough of Runnymede, Borough of Spelthorne, Heathrow Hub, Shepperton branch line, Stanwell

Spelthorne Borough Council

Executive Summary

1. This assessment explains through a wide range of both published information, new research and a business survey what the economy of Spelthorne is like.

2. It shows the economy is made up by a complex interaction of businesses, employees and consumers but it is not self-contained.

3. Spelthorne lies in an economically buoyant area to the west of London and is within north Surrey. Therefore throughout this assessment it is compared to adjoining areas to provide context to each aspect of the economy that is set out.

4. What has been produced so far identifies two key factors about the economy.

5. Firstly, Spelthorne has significant strengths with a large business base and a wide range of business sectors represented including a significant presence of businesses of national and international renown. This is further strengthened by its proximity to Heathrow Airport and its good communication links to London and the rest of the UK. It has a significant retail sector which is focussed largely on meeting the needs of local residents.

6. Secondly, whilst unemployment levels are very low in regional terms and there are high levels of economic activity in the local labour market, the skill levels and consequently incomes are well below average for the wider area. Therefore the economic contribution of residents to the local economy through their disposable income fails to fully capture the benefits of the Borough’s diverse business base. This is a constraint on the scope for further local economic growth.

7. At the time of preparing this assessment the UK economy had generally recovered well from the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, with steady economic growth just below 2% for 2015.1 However low inflation, a slowing in growth of the global economy and significant falls in the price of oil pose potential risks2. The South East and areas close to London have generally fared better than the rest of the UK. The Council’s recent business survey shows encouraging expectations for both growth in business volume and employment. On June 23 2016, the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union posing significant threats and uncertainly to the national economy.

8. The Council will use this assessment to inform the preparation of an Economic Strategy for the Borough and also to inform further planning policies. The Council aims to adopt the Strategy beginning of 2017.

1 https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/timeseries/ihyq 2 http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/minutes/Documents/mpc/mps/2016/mpsfeb.pdf

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 1 Contents

1. Introduction ...... 5 2. Overview of the Borough ...... 7 3. Business and Enterprise ...... 10 Structure of the Local Economy ...... 10 i. Amount of business floorspace and main business locations ...... 10 ii. Comparison of overall business floorspace with other local authority areas ...... 12 iii. Size and type of business and employment floorspace in Spelthorne ...... 14 iv. Types and size of businesses in Spelthorne ...... 18 v. Provision for small businesses ...... 21 vi. Business turnover ...... 22 Economic Performance ...... 23 i. Index of Competitiveness ...... 23 ii. Industry Clusters ...... 27 iii. Business ‘births’ and ‘deaths’ ...... 29 iv. Aviation Industry ...... 30 v. Companies House SIC Code Analysis ...... 31 vi. Current business experience – The Spelthorne Business Survey ...... 33 Nature and Availability of Employment Space ...... 34 i. Vacant business premises ...... 34 ii. Vacant retail premises ...... 36 iii. Market Rental Values and Yields ...... 37 iv. Retail Performance ...... 37 v. Staines-upon-Thames BID ...... 38 vi. New business development with planning permission ...... 39 vii. Planning activity ...... 40 viii. Proposed new business development ...... 40 ix. Construction Industry ...... 41 x. Employment Growth Potential ...... 41 xi. Chapter Summary and implications for the economic strategy ...... 42 4. Employment ...... 43 Demography ...... 43 i. General Population Details ...... 43 ii. Economically Active Population ...... 45

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iii. Ethnic Diversity ...... 47 iv. Heathrow Airport ...... 48 Skills and Qualifications ...... 49 i. School Capacity ...... 52 Inclusion ...... 53 i. Unemployment ...... 53 ii. Benefit Claimants ...... 55 iii. Health and Wellbeing...... 56 iv. Activity Limitations...... 60 v. Housing Affordability ...... 62 vi. Deprivation ...... 64 vii. Child Poverty ...... 65 viii. Percentage of Children Living in Poverty ...... 66 Labour Market ...... 66 ix. Socio-Economic Classification ...... 68 x. Incomes ...... 69 xi. Summary and implications for the economic strategy ...... 71 5. Transport, Environment and Infrastructure ...... 73 Transport ...... 73 i. Travel to work patterns ...... 74 ii. Roads ...... 75 iii. Rail ...... 75 iv. Bus Routes...... 76 v. Heathrow Access ...... 76 vi. Heathrow Feasibility Study ...... 76 vii. Future Transport Proposals ...... 77 Superfast Broadband ...... 78 Environment ...... 78 i. Natural Environment...... 78 ii. Town Centres ...... 80 iii. Secondary Town Centres ...... 80 iv. Summary and implications for the economic strategy ...... 80 6. Business Organisations in Spelthorne and the wider area ...... 82 Within Spelthorne ...... 82

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 3 i. Spelthorne Business Forum ...... 82 ii. Spelthorne Council’s role ...... 82 iii. Organisations covering a wider area ...... 83 7. Summary and Analysis ...... 85 Introduction ...... 85 Business Structure...... 85 Economic Performance ...... 86 Employment ...... 86

Appendices ...... 88

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1. Introduction

The purpose of this Local Economic Assessment (LEA) is to set out a ‘picture’ of what the economy of Spelthorne is like. It does this by presenting a wide range of economic information from which the main characteristics of the Borough can be understood.

Economies by their nature involve a complex interlinking of activities which have local, regional, national and international dimensions. For this reason a local authority’s administrative area cannot be treated as if it were a self- contained economic area. This is particularly true for Spelthorne where it is part of the Heathrow area economy, part of the wider outer West London area, and also of the Thames Valley area and North West Surrey.

This assessment therefore compares available economic data for Spelthorne with adjoining areas to get an understanding of its nature, importance and where possible, its degree of success. A survey of local businesses has also been undertaken.

Map 1 Location of Spelthorne

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 5 This LEA is being prepared at a time when the UK economy has largely emerged from the global recession. Recent positive indicators have led to steady growth at around 2% although growth is expected to slow due to continued low Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation at 0.2% and a sharp fall in the cost of commodities, especially oil, affecting growth in emerging economies and the United States. Job growth has been positive with the unemployment rate declining further to 5.1%; however stagnate wage growth has caused a drag on productivity levels. Various national financial measures have been used to stimulate the economy but it is expected that the Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure of inflation will remain close to zero until rising back to the Bank of England’s 2% inflation target in around two years as the drag from low commodities prices subsides3

On 23 June 2016 the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union by 51.9% to 48.1% with Spelthorne residents voting overwhelming to leave by 60.3% to 39.7%. The referendum result has created much uncertainty in the national economy although the extent of which is not yet clear.

There is evidence of the South East’s economy performing better than the national picture and the economy of Surrey continuing to outperform the rest of the major population centres in England except for London.4

In Spelthorne, the Council’s recent business survey5 revealed 89% of those who responded expected to expand their business in some capacity over the next two years and 80% expected to take on more staff.

The national and regional economic circumstances make it all the more important that local councils do what they can to boost their own local economy. Whilst preparing such assessments as this is discretionary6 for borough councils, Spelthorne Borough Council sees this work as an essential step in preparing an Economic Strategy which will set appropriate local economic priorities and the resources needed to support these.

This LEA and the business survey will also inform the preparation of an Economic Strategy. Its purpose will be to draw together a coherent and focused set of actions to further improve the economy and address any blockages to further appropriate growth and economic success.

By their nature economies are dynamic and therefore any LEA can only provide a ‘snapshot’ of what the economy is like at a particular point in time and based on the information that is available. It is intended that key information is updated annually and that the document is reviewed after three years.

3 Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee, February 2016- Inflation Report 4 Surrey Connects – Surrey Economic Prospects, February 2016. 5 Business survey undertaken in May/June 2016. 6 The Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009 only places a statutory duty to prepare Local Economic Assessments on County and Unitary Councils.

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2. Overview of the Borough

Spelthorne is a relatively compact area of some six by two and half miles. It is located 15 miles from central London and shares its northern border with Heathrow Airport. The River Thames defines its long southern boundary.

The Borough’s main town is Staines-upon-Thames which, along with the other main urban areas of Ashford, Shepperton, Sunbury-on-Thames, and Stanwell has a population of approximately 98,500 and a significant employment base.

No part of the open land in the Borough is more than half a mile from the urban area. Therefore none of this open land can be regarded as ‘rural’ in the sense that its economy is so remote that it needs to have a degree of self-sufficiency and independence.

Some 6.9% of residents work at Heathrow Airport which has an on-site workforce of approximately 75,7807. Its role as one the world’s largest international passenger airports and significant air cargo function has a powerful and positive economic influence on the wider area.

Staines-upon-Thames is a major shopping centre serving an area well beyond the Borough itself, as well as being a large office and commercial centre. It has direct rail access to Waterloo, Reading, Windsor and Weybridge and is only 7-8 minutes’ drive from the M25 and Terminal 5. In fact it is the nearest major town centre to Heathrow Airport.

Sunbury-on-Thames is the second major office location within the Borough with Junction 1 of the M3 immediately alongside it. Sunbury also has BP’s International Centre for Business and Technology which is the company’s largest centre in the UK. In October 2016 Spelthorne Borough Council purchased the BP site, leasing it back to BP for at least 20 years. Sunbury has several other significant industrial estates, all of which have ready access to the motorway.

At Shepperton is the world famous Shepperton Studios and the smaller Halliford Studios nearby. Along with BP they represent part of a significant high technology presence within the Borough.

The current nature of Spelthorne’s economy is, however, very much a product of its history. That history is one of massive growth in the 20th century which has shaped the economic and social character of the Borough today. In the 40 years between 1921 and 1961 the Borough saw an enormous growth in house building with the population increasing more than threefold.

The origins of this growth lay in London with the decentralisation of industry from Inner London. This process was driven by the shortage of space to expand, high land values, poor air quality and congestion. This decentralisation coincided with an enormous growth in manufacturing generally. Between 1932 and 1938 nearly half of all new factories opening in the country employing more than 25 people were in the Greater London area.

The decentralisation was not, however, evenly spread around London. Due to cleaner air to the west in comparison to the east of London, and easier links to the Midlands and north of the country, there was a particular growth to the west and north-west of London. This growth was particularly pronounced north of the Thames. It is in this

7 Heathrow Airport Employment Survey, 2013

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 7 area that a lot of new light industry located providing the new electrical consumer goods, cars and processed foods that society was beginning to demand.

Map 2 Location of Town Centres and Employment Areas in Spelthorne

Ashford Road, Littleton Road & Spelthorne Lane, 1 Staines Town Centre 7 Ashford London Road (east of Crooked Billet roundabout), 2 Ashford Town Centre 8 Staines Bedfont Road, Long Lane, Stanwell (including 3 Shepperton Centre 9 Northumberland Close & Camgate Estate) 4 Sunbury Cross Centre 10 BP Chertsey Road, Sunbury 5 Windmill Road, Sunbury 11 Shepperton Studios, Shepperton 6 Hanworth Road & Country Way, Sunbury

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Many new large industrial estates and areas were developed in West London at places such as Park Royal, Willesden, Acton, Greenford, Wembley, Southall and Hayes as well as ribbon development along the main arterial routes such as the Great West Road, Bath Road, Great South West Road and Edgware Road.

In Spelthorne at this time, whilst there were already notable industries such as Staines Linoleum, new industrial areas and businesses were started. This included BP who moved to Sunbury in 1917, Shepperton Studios which started in 1931 and the Poyle Trading Estate (now located in Slough) which started just after the First World War.

Due to the general expansion of manufacturing and other businesses, and aspirations for better living conditions, large areas of new housing were created. At this time there was little strategic planning generally and the growth of manufacturing and housing for workers was not coordinated. Large dormitory estates were created involving new patterns of commuting.

Whilst the advent of Green Belt policy around London from 1956 generally saw a halt to further unrestrained building across the countryside, growth in the previous few decades had already been substantial.

The types of housing inevitably matched the means of the growing population who were made up by a significant proportion of workers in the new industries. For example, in Spelthorne and other areas of nearby West London there was a particular prevalence of semi-detached as against detached houses. The nature of employment and housing of its workers created a particular socio-economic character.

Following the Second World War Heathrow Airport’s expansion brought further economic growth and diversification of business activity. It has also provided significant amounts of unskilled and semi-skilled work.

The origins of this development of the wider West London area and its socio-economic consequences go a long way to explain the differences between Spelthorne and the rest of Surrey.

This Local Economic Assessment uncovers a lot of characteristics of Spelthorne which have been formed by its economic and social history8.

8 The account given in paragraphs 2.9-2.18 has been drawn from the Greater London Development Plan 1944 prepared under Professor Patrick Abercrombie – published by HMSO 1945.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 9 3. Business and Enterprise

Structure of the Local Economy

i. Amount of business floorspace and main business locations

Spelthorne has a significant amount of business space and a wide range of other facilities providing significant levels of employment.

The main business space categories are industry and warehousing, offices and retail. The amount of floorspace in Spelthorne in these categories amounts to a total of approximately 806,629m2 as at March 2016, with the amount in each broad use illustrated in Figure 1. This floorspace is provided in some 1,825 different premises.

Figure 1 Business floorspace by main use type (2012/13-2015/16)

450,000 400,000 350,000 300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 Warehouse/industry Office Retail

2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16

Source: Valuation Office 2012 base data (corrected by Spelthorne Borough Council) and in-house monitoring.

Figure 1 uses the 2012 Valuation Office Agency (VOA) business floorspace statistics as a baseline and applies the net change in floorspace occurring annually. Due to the potential flaws in combining datasets, these figures are to be used as an indication of the general trends in quantities of business floorspace in the Borough and should not be seen as a definitive indication of the exact floorspace present.

Much of the business floorspace is located either within the existing town centres of Staines, Ashford, Sunbury and Shepperton or major industrial estates/employment areas, as shown in Map 2.

The total amount of business floorspace in the Borough has changed by approximately 1% since 2013 and has decreased by 1.4% in the 10 year period from 2006. However, greater fluctuations have occurred in the amount of floorspace in specific use categories. This is illustrated in Figure 2 which shows the amount of industrial/warehouse, office and retail floorspace. The decrease in industrial/warehousing floorspace around 2010 arises from some reclassification of uses by the Valuation Office and not any actual change in use. Detailed figures are provided in Table A1 in the appendices.

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Figure 2 Change in Business Floorspace by use - 2000 to 20169

450 400 350 300 250

200 thousands 150 100 50 0

Industry/Warehousing Offices Retail

Source: Valuation Office 2012 base data/Spelthorne Borough Council development data

Other fluctuations in the amount of business floorspace arise from:

 New developments providing less but more efficient space  Changes from one use to another  Time delay between demolition of a site and completion of new development10  Permitted development rights for office to residential conversions

Whilst Spelthorne has a large amount of business floorspace there is also a significant amount of space immediately adjoining the Borough at Heathrow Airport, Poyle/Colnbrook and the Causeway area of Staines - south of the River Thames in the Borough of Runnymede. Following a series of local government boundary changes in the 1990s the areas of Poyle/Colnbrook, part of the Causeway in Staines, the Cargo Terminal at Heathrow Airport, half of Terminal 4 and part of the site of what is now Terminal 5 were transferred respectively to Slough, Runnymede and Hillingdon. The total business floorspace (excluding Terminal 4) amounted to 365,000m2 which is almost as much as all industrial/warehouse floorspace now in Spelthorne. These ‘transferred’ areas nevertheless remain readily accessible to residents in the Borough. The employment impact of Heathrow is described in chapter 4.

9 It should be noted that the time series data in Figures 2 and 3 published by the Valuation Office has slightly different totals than the detailed data prepared by the Council used later in this report. This more closely reflects the definitions in the Planning Use Classes Order. 10 There are currently several major cleared sites in the Borough with planning permission for new development, particularly in Staines Town Centre.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 11 ii. Comparison of overall business floorspace with other local authority areas

Despite Spelthorne being geographically smaller than all adjoining authorities, in terms of business space the Borough is significant.

Figure 3 compares the total amount of business floorspace with all adjoining and other Surrey authorities using the latest available published data. On this basis Spelthorne has the fourth highest amount of floorspace in comparison to all Surrey authorities but less than the other non-Surrey authorities. A more detailed breakdown of figures is provided in Table A2 in the appendices.

Figure 3 Comparison of total business floorspace

3000

2500

2000

1500 Thousandm2 1000

500

Source: Valuation Office – March 2012

However, the above comparison takes no account of the relative physical size of Spelthorne and therefore the density of business floorspace provision. Of all the comparison authorities only Slough and Epsom & Ewell have a smaller geographical area than Spelthorne. Figure 4 therefore makes a comparison of the amount of business floorspace per hectare for each authority. In this comparison Spelthorne has more floorspace per hectare than any other Surrey authority and only Hillingdon, Hounslow and Slough have a greater density. Detailed figures are shown in Table A3 in the appendices.

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Figure 4 Business floorspace density by authority area

700

600

500

400

300

Floorspaceper hecatre 200

100

Source: Valuation Office/ONS – March 2012

Another way of looking at relative business floorspace provision is to compare it to the economically active age group of the population. Figure 5 shows that on this basis Spelthorne has a greater amount of floorspace per person than most Surrey districts and is only exceeded by Slough, Surrey Heath and Hounslow. Detailed figures are provided in Table A4 in the appendices.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 13 Figure 5 Business floorspace by economically active population

20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2

0 Floorspaceper headofeconimically active population

Source: Valuation Office/ONS – March 2012

On the basis of the various measures of business density used above it is clear that in relative terms Spelthorne is a particularly significant and therefore important business area.

iii. Size and type of business and employment floorspace in Spelthorne

Figure 1 and paragraphs 3.1 to 3.6 have described the main business floorspace categories in the Borough. This section considers the size and type of business and employment space and its distribution.

In addition to the main business categories of offices, industry/warehousing and retail there are other small categories of use including vehicle repair workshops (4,640m2) and open land used for storage (39,029 m2). These two uses account for another 57 premises11.

There are also a wide range of other uses providing services of one form or another where people are employed. These are also part of the local economy and include the premises of such organisations as Ashford Hospital, Bronzefield Prison, Surrey County Council and Surrey Police, who together employ significant numbers of people. Table 1 lists all these uses.

Map 3 identifies the location of business premises in the Borough in 2012. This does not provide any indication of the scale of these businesses but it does show a broad geographic spread, albeit as expected some concentration in the four main town centres and larger industrial areas – particularly the Windmill Road area south-west of Sunbury town centre.

11 VOA data, 2012

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Map 3 Location of business premises in Spelthorne

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 15 Table 1 Other employment uses in Spelthorne

Use Number of premises Sport & leisure 78 Pubs 61 Education 46 Health 39 Petrol stations/car washes 19 Banks 13 Hotels 9 Public services 8 Mineral sites 5 Total 278

Source: Valuation Office, Spelthorne Borough Council 2013

The main business floorspace categories of industry/warehousing and offices are considered below in more detail. Figure 6 shows the amount of office and industrial/warehouse floorspace for each of the four main town centres in the Borough (Staines, Ashford, Shepperton and Sunbury) and the amount of floorspace outside of these town centres but in their respective areas of the Borough12. The Stanwell area is also included. Table A5 in the appendices provides a more detailed breakdown of locations and numbers of units.

Figure 6 Location of business floorspace in Spelthorne

160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 M2 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0

Offices Industry/Warehousing

Source: Valuation Office/Spelthorne Borough Council 2013

12 Data has been taken from 2012 VOA data and adapted by the council to take account of the planning General Use Classes Order. No update is available for 2016.

16 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

The 979 business premises and 584,678m2 of floorspace shown in Figure 6 is spread among a wide range of size of premises. Over 54% of this floorspace is provided in less than 5% of the premises.

The following bar charts compare the number of premises for offices and industrial/warehousing by size of unit and show the total amount of floorspace per size category.

Figure 7 Comparison of floorspace with size of premises

Number of units 250

200

150

100

Numberofunits 50

Offices Industrial/Warehousing

Total floorspace

100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 M2 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0

Offices Industrial/Warehousing

Source: Valuation Office/Spelthorne Borough Council 2013

Figure 7 shows a significant stock of small office premises where nearly 60% of units are less than 99m2 in size and over 40% are less than 49m2. BP at Sunbury, which has more than 50,000m2 of office space, represents nearly 10% of total office floorspace which is 25% more than the total office floorspace in Staines Town Centre.

The greatest number of industrial/warehousing units is in the size range of 50m2 to 2,499m2. Nevertheless the 3 largest premises, which represent less than 1% of all

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 17 industrial/warehousing premises, has over 37% of the total floorspace. Shepperton Studios alone represents nearly 25% of all such floorspace in the Borough.

There are some 866 retail and retail-related uses providing approximately 206,000m2 of floorspace in the Borough. This has increased from 846 retail premises in 2013; however the total quantity of retail floorspace has decreased by 1.7%. The greatest concentration is, as expected, in Staines Town Centre. This is the largest town centre in the Borough and serving a catchment area which extends into North Surrey and the immediate area of Berkshire. Figure 8 compares the amount of retail floorspace within town centres to that which is outside. Most of the floorspace outside of the defined town centres comprises the two Tesco superstores at Stanwell and Sunbury, builder’s merchants/DIY and garden centres.

Figure 8 Location of retail floorspace in Spelthorne

100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 M2 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0

Source: Valuation Office/Spelthorne Borough Council, 2012

iv. Types and size of businesses in Spelthorne

The previous paragraphs have considered the amount of ‘business rated’ floorspace in the Borough on the basis of four broad activity categories. Figure 9 categories the 5,365 VAT/PAYE registered businesses in Spelthorne using the national Standard Industrial Classification (UK SIC 2007) by Broad Industry Group. This has increased from 4,555 businesses in 2013, by 18%. There are 17 broad groups used in the published data. Table A6 in the appendices shows the percentage in each group for all comparison authorities.

It should be noted that whilst the Standard Industrial Classification is quite detailed it is not able to identify employment in industries which have elements in several categories within the 17 broad groups. This particularly applies to aviation and tourism. There is therefore no comparable data for these activities in this assessment.

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Figure 9 Businesses in Spelthorne by Broad Industry Group

% 8

0 Professional, scientific & technical Information & communication Transport & storage (inc postal) Construction Business administration and support services Retail Arts, entertainment, recreation & other services Accommodation & food services Production Wholesale Health Motor trades Property Education Finance & insurance Public administration and defence Agriculture, forestry & fishing

Source: ONS, October 2016

The greatest number of Spelthorne’s 5,365 businesses are in the ‘professional, scientific & technical’, ‘information & communication’, ‘transport & storage’ and ‘construction’ groups. These alone represent 52% of all businesses. This has increased from 46% of all businesses in 2013.

Whilst the highest proportion of businesses in Spelthorne are ‘professional, scientific & technical’ at 14.5%, this is a much lower percentage than in most comparison authorities. Only Slough has a lower proportion of people employed in this industry group. The lowest percentage in the rest of Surrey for this group is Runnymede at 18.3%.

When comparing Spelthorne with all adjoining/Surrey authorities the proportion in ‘transport and storage’ is significantly greater; the next highest are Slough (10%) and Hillingdon (7.3%). The highest in the rest of Surrey is Runnymede at 3.6%. This high figure for Spelthorne reflects the proximity of Heathrow Airport and in particular the location of the airport’s cargo centre on its south side. There is a particular concentration of air freight businesses in the Borough. Full data can be found in Table A6 in the appendices.

Relative to most other authorities, Spelthorne has a high proportion of ‘construction’ businesses and more in percentage terms than any adjoining authority apart from Hillingdon (12.3%) and Runnymede (also 11.6%). It also has a higher percentage of ‘retail’ businesses than many of the comparison authorities.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 19 A significant proportion of Spelthorne’s businesses are small with just over 76% having between 1 and 4 employees and more than 93.7% employing less than 20 people. Both of these figures have increased from the 2013 Local Economic Assessment. In comparison with most other authorities, Spelthorne has slightly more businesses employing less than 10 people. This has increased from 2013 when Spelthorne had slightly fewer businesses employing less than 10 people. The proportion of businesses employing 10-250 people has decreased by 2% in Spelthorne since 2013, yet when compared to surrounding authorities this is an average level. Differences between authorities are quite small overall however. Figure 10 shows the number of businesses by employment size in Spelthorne. Table A7 in the appendices provides the percentage details of all comparison authorities.

Figure 10 Number of businesses in Spelthorne by employment size13

4,500

4,000

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500 Number oflocal units 1,000

500

0 0-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+ Employment size

Source: ONS, October 2016

It is worth noting that the 5,365 businesses in Spelthorne registered for VAT/PAYE will not necessarily represent all existing businesses as some may have a turnover below the current VAT threshold of £77,000. Even the 5,365 figure is more than twice the number of business premises. Whilst some premises may have several businesses registered at the same address it does confirm anecdotal evidence that many small businesses operate from home and/or travel to client’s premises.

Published information on the age of businesses shows a broad spread between those that have operated for less than two years (22.9%) and those that have operated for more than 10 years (32.2%). Since 2012, Spelthorne has seen a rise in the proportion of businesses aged 3 years and under and a reduction in the proportion of older businesses, signifying that over the past few years there have been a large quantity ‘start ups’ in the Borough. Figure 11 shows businesses age within four time bands in 2012 and 2015. Table A8 in the appendices shows percentages in each time band for all comparison authorities.

13 It should be noted that for reasons of business confidentiality where the number of businesses is very small in a particular size category the published data records a zero so that individual businesses cannot be identified. There are a few businesses in Spelthorne with more than 500 employees.

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Figure 11 Businesses in Spelthorne by Age of Business – 2012 & 2015

20 % 15

0 Less than 2 years 2-3 years 4-9 years 10+ years

2012 2015

Source: ONS, March 2015

By comparison Spelthorne has a greater proportion of businesses (22.9%) that have been operating for less than two years than any other Surrey authority (19.6% average), the South East (19.6%) or England (20.9%). Locally only Slough (28.2%), Richmond (23.0%), Hounslow (27.3%) and Hillingdon (27.3%) have a higher proportion of new businesses. The proportion of businesses in Spelthorne of between 2-3 years of age is still higher than the Surrey, South East and England average. Overall the proportion of businesses in Spelthorne that are 4-9 years old and 10+ years is slightly lower than the average in the comparison authorities/areas.

v. Provision for small businesses

The EM3 Commercial Property Study highlights the need for more specialised, flexible workspaces including business incubators, accelerator spaces and co-working spaces (IACs) in order for small businesses to grow, particularly those in the 4 key sectors. IACs are business premises where serviced space is available for small businesses. These generally provide space with limited up-front costs and a range of facilities that are particularly suitable for start-up businesses. Most of this space is in office buildings. Although there is no incubator space in Spelthorne currently, accommodation is provided throughout Surrey including the following:

 SETSquared Centre, Surrey Technology Centre, Guildford  Royal Holloway Enterprise Centre, Egham  iBundle, Farnham  Send Business Centre, Woking  The Digital Work Hub, Walton-on-Thames

Despite no physical incubation space, the council has sought to provide small businesses with a platform for mentorship. My Incubator Ventures (MIV)14 are an online web chat based business support and incubation service providing free advice in partnership with Spelthorne Borough Council. The service allows any person or business with a Spelthorne postcode to register for free and speak via instant

14My Incubator Ventures https://miventures.co.uk/

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 21 messaging with a real business advisor. The service also allows users to upload documents for comment and access to a vast online library.

Spelthorne Borough Council has taken steps to help small businesses through loans via Funding Circle. Funding Circle15 is a peer-to-peer lending platform which provides an alternative borrowing mechanism for small businesses. This is being viewed as a diversification tool within the investment portfolio held by the Council and also an economic development opportunity enabling the Council to support local businesses where demand exists. A total of £300k has been invested in the scheme since April 2015 with small loans being made to 100's of businesses who borrow from many investors, therefore reducing the risk of default to each individual investor. Funds are lent automatically on the council’s behalf, with the Council controlling the overall level of risk it is prepared to take. The return generated from loans made is currently re- invested into the scheme rather than withdrawn. As at 16th November 2016 the Council had loans totalling £323,076.70 outstanding to 316 different entities.

vi. Business turnover

Figure 12 provides information on the number of businesses by turnover. Some 62% of businesses in Spelthorne have a turnover of between £50,000 and £249,000 per annum. This has increased by 13% since 2012.

In comparison with all other surrounding and Surrey authorities, apart from Epsom & Ewell, Spelthorne has the lowest proportion of businesses with a turnover of less than £50,000p.a. However, the proportion of businesses in the £50,000-£99,000 range is higher. Table A9 in the appendices provides information for all comparison authorities.

Figure 12 Businesses in Spelthorne by Turnover – 2012 & 2015 3535.0

3030.0

25.025 2012 20.020 % 2015 % 15.015

10.010

5.05

0.00 0-49 50-99 100-249 250-499 500-999 1,000-4,999 5,000+ Turnover size (£ thousand)

Turnover size (£ thousand) Source: ONS, October 2012 & October 2016

22 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 Economic Performance

i. Index of Competitiveness

There are various measures which can be used to create a more general ‘picture’ of how a particular area is performing economically, one of which is the UK Competitiveness Index. This uses 10 sets of data to produce an overall score of relative economic competitiveness for local authorities. The data sets are:

 Economic activity rates  Business start-ups  Business per 1,000 population  Education  Percentage of knowledge based businesses  Gross Valued Added (GVA)  Productivity  Employment rates  Gross weekly pay  Unemployment rates

Table 2 shows the national rank for 2010, 2013 and 2016 for Spelthorne, the adjoining authorities and the rest of Surrey. The lower the number the more competitive an area is. Nationally Spelthorne ranked 48 in 2016. Despite there being a slight decline since 2013 (ranked 44), this is a significant increase on the 2010 ranking of 61.

Table 2 Relative Competitiveness16

2010 2013 2016 Authority UK rank of 379 UK rank of 379 UK rank of 379 Spelthorne 61 44 48 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 15 17 16 Runnymede 19 22 25 Slough 49 29 34 Windsor & Maidenhead 9 11 10 Hillingdon 34 32 32 Hounslow 28 28 22 Richmond 14 15 14 Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 48 58 45 Guildford 21 30 30 Mole Valley 12 12 23 Reigate & Banstead 42 37 37 Surrey Heath 26 19 21 Tandridge 68 55 61

16 2010 rankings updated in 2013 UK Competitiveness Index and 2013 rankings updated in 2016 UKCI to take account of latest available data due to delays in some data releases at the time. It should be noted that under the 2013 criteria Spelthorne was 13th.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 23 2010 2013 2016 Authority UK rank of 379 UK rank of 379 UK rank of 379 Waverley 31 34 39 Woking 32 31 33

UK Competitiveness Index 2013 & 2016

It should be noted that the top scoring region of the UK is London with the South East in second place. Therefore, whilst Spelthorne’s scores are the worst in comparison to adjoining areas it is still in the top quartile nationally. Detailed examination of the factors making up the ‘Index’ show that the single issue contributing most to the Borough’s lower ranking is educational attainment and specifically the relatively low percentage of residents with a degree or equivalent. In 2008 Spelthorne was ranked 339th nationally out of 379 authorities on the single criteria of the proportion of residents for whom a degree or equivalent was their highest qualification17. The issue of educational attainment is considered in the section on Skills and Qualification (paragraphs 4.14 to 4.19).

Table 3 expresses the Gross Value Added (GVA) on a per head basis (numbers employed) for the years 2013 and 2014. GVA per head indices are also provided to show how an area compares with the UK average (100).

GVA is a measure of productivity and is the difference between the value of goods and services produced and the cost of producing them. GVA reflects the overall productivity and efficiency of particular businesses and the potential added value that can be gained in differing business sectors. The figure for each local area is only a general guide to the output of the specific business mix within its locality.

West Surrey, of which Spelthorne is a part, has a greater GVA per head than many of the surrounding local areas, with the exception of Berkshire. West Surrey also performs relatively well using per head indices with an index of 135.1. Whilst GVA per head rose in 2014 overall, the ‘per head’ index fell slightly in West Surrey, however this is still a relatively high level.

Table 3 Gross Value Added per head of population

2013 2014 GVA per head Index GVA per head Index Local Area West Surrey 32,222 135.7 33,254 135.1 East Surrey 29,975 126.2 30,429 123.6 Harrow and 30,113 126.8 31,365 127.4 Hillingdon Hounslow and Richmond upon 31,258 131.6 32,508 132.1 Thames Merton, Kingston upon Thames & 23,057 94,4 24,440 94.4 Sutton Berkshire 38,228 161.0 38,961 158.3

17 No update provided in 2016 UK Competitiveness Index report.

24 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

2013 2014 GVA per head Index GVA per head Index Sub Regional Area Surrey, East and 25,763 108.5 26,384 107.2 West Sussex Regional Area South East 27,012 110.6 27,012 109.7 National England 24,464 103.0 25,367 103.1

Source: ONS, December 2015

Table 4 provides details of the number of businesses per 1,000 inhabitants for the years 2013 and 2016. This is a measure of how entrepreneurial people may be. However, it can be distorted by the presence of larger employers which reduces the proportion of those involved in small businesses. Spelthorne compares less favourably with many adjoining authorities and most other Surrey authorities, however there has been an increase of 10% from 2013 to 2016.

Table 4 Businesses per 1,000 inhabitants

2013 2016

Spelthorne 41 45.3 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 55.6 64.4 Runnymede 44.8 48.8 Slough 29.5 38.2 Windsor & Maidenhead 55 62.1 Hillingdon 33.2 41.0 Hounslow 52.7 46.7 Richmond 57.8 66.1 Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 37.9 45.2 Guildford 46.4 50.1 Mole Valley 57.2 62.1 Reigate & Banstead 41.5 47.6 Surrey Heath 48.4 53.5 Tandridge 51.3 57.2 Waverley 58.5 65.9 Woking 42.2 49.5

Source: ONS, 2016

Table 5 gives details of the number of business registrations per 10,000 inhabitants for 2013 and 2014. This is a useful measure of the on-going propensity for new businesses to be created in the area. The 2013 Spelthorne Local Economic

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 25 Assessment showed that in 2007 there were 46.8 businesses per 10,000 inhabitants; however, in 2014 this has risen to 83.6, which is an increase of 78%.

Table 5 Business registrations per 10,000 inhabitants

2013 2014 Spelthorne 84.6 83.6 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 93.4 94.5 Runnymede 63.5 59.1 Slough 69.9 64.3 Windsor & Maidenhead 83.4 88.2 Hillingdon 66.9 70.9 Hounslow 84.2 87.3 Richmond 100.8 102.5 Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 65.5 62.6 Guildford 59.9 62.2 Mole Valley 70.1 65 Reigate & Banstead 63.8 68.1 Surrey Heath 70.2 70.3 Tandridge 72.7 69.1 Waverley 82.5 78.1 Woking 69.8 74.9

Source: ONS, 2015

A 2015 study by accountancy firm Hacker and Young18 found that Staines-upon- Thames was the UKs number one town for business creation, producing the largest increase in the total number of businesses per capita, with 43 more new businesses per 10,000 population than the previous year. Figure 13 shows that Staines has created new businesses at a faster rate than all London Boroughs.

18 http://www.uhy-uk.com/news-events/news/staines-leading-the-way-in-business-creation-seeing-uks- largest-rise-in-number-of-new-businesses-in-last-year/

26 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Figure 13 Top 20 areas with the largest rise in net new businesses

Source: Hacker and Young

The reasons given for Staines-upon-Thames ranking were its strong transport links to London, Heathrow Airport and the high tech M4 Corridor.

ii. Industry Clusters

Since the 2013 LEA a picture has emerged highlighting Spelthorne’s growing influence as a place for high tech industries. The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) requires local authorities to “plan positively for the location, promotion and expansion of clusters or networks of knowledge driven, creative or high tech industries.” It is therefore relevant to explore whether any particular clusters or networks of knowledge driven, creative or high tech industries are present in the borough.

KPMG’s ‘Tech monitor UK’ report19 explores the presence and location of technology clusters in the UK and finds that the South East of England is the key region for technology clusters, with the top 10 clusters lying in close proximity to the M4, M3 and M25. There is also a regional technology quotient of 1.66 in the South East, highlighting a higher concentration of industry jobs than the national share of employment in the same industries. Of the top 25 local authority tech quotient rankings, Spelthorne ranks 17th with a location quotient of 2.41. Several of the local authorities surrounding Spelthorne also fall within the top 25; Slough ranks 4th (3.91), Runnymede ranks 6th (3.22), Windsor and Maidenhead ranks 7th (3.81), Elmbridge ranks 16th (2.45), Richmond upon Thames ranks 19th (2.37) and Hounslow ranks 22nd (2.28)

19 KPMG Tech Monitor Report 2014

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 27 Figure 14 Top 25 local authority tech quotients

Source: KPMG Tech Monitor Report 2014

Taylor Made Computer Solutions in conjunction with Decision Magazine conduct an annual report of the top 500 companies in the south. The findings show that 9 of the top 500 companies are located in Spelthorne across a range of high tech industries with particular strengths in petrochemicals, engineering and ICT based industries. The companies range from Schindler towards the bottom of the scale to BP, the largest company in the south. As Figure 15 shows, all companies are concentrated in either Staines-upon-Thames or Sunbury-on-Thames.

28 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Figure 15 Largest companies in Spelthorne

Source: TMCS Top 500 Companies 2015

Spelthorne is part of the Enterprise M3 Local Enterprise Partnership stretching from Spelthorne in the north through to Winchester in the south. The M3 area is home to the primary Sci:Tech corridor in the UK, a status gained through its combination of industrial strengths, cutting edge research and high performing universities.20

Enterprise M3’s Commercial Property Study identifies a number of high growth “clusters.” Spelthorne, along with Runnymede and Elmbridge form the Upper M3 area. It is seen as a key growth location due to high levels of job creation, high rates of business growth, proximity to highly skilled labour, desirable town centres and London.

The study identifies 4 key priority sectors: ICT & digital, professional and financial services, pharmaceuticals and aerospace and defence. The Upper M3 area is deemed to be a key cluster in 3 of these: ICT & digital, professional and financial services and pharmaceuticals. However, there are barriers that will need to be overcome to enable these key growth areas to continue to prosper.

iii. Business ‘births’ and ‘deaths’

Another ‘indicator’ of the relative success of an economy is the proportion of new businesses created in comparison to those that cease trading. There will always be a degree of business failures caused by a variety of reasons and it is to be expected that the number of failures may increase during a period of recession. However, where there is a net growth in businesses this can be a positive sign. The latest available data on business registrations from VAT/PAYE data shows some positive signs in the Spelthorne economy. In 2011 business ‘births’ started to exceed business ‘deaths’ and this trend has continued to show a net growth in businesses. This is illustrated in Figure 13. The increase in business deaths in 2014 is likely to reflect the high levels of

20 Enterprise M3 Commercial Property Study 2016

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 29 growth that have occurred in the previous 3 years and the expected proportion of failures that have arisen.

Detailed information on business ‘births’ and ‘deaths’ in Spelthorne and adjoining areas is shown in Tables A10 and A11 in the appendices. These show that for business ‘births’ between 2010 and 2014 Spelthorne’s rate of increase was proportionally higher than most other comparison authorities and areas, with the exception of the London boroughs of Hillingdon, Hounslow and Richmond-upon-Thames.

Figure 16 Business ‘births’ and ‘deaths’ in Spelthorne 2012-2014

900

800

700

600 2009 2010 500 2011 400 2012

300 2013 2014 200

100

0 'Births' 'Deaths'

Source: ONS, 2015

iv. Aviation Industry

Heathrow Airport is part of an expanding and successful UK aviation industry employing approximately 114,000 overall in the local area and contributing more than £16 billion of economic output. The current airport activity generated by 70 million passengers and 1.6 million tonnes of air freight creates a large economic footprint for Heathrow21. Spelthorne formally supports the further expansion of the airport subject to environmental impacts being satisfactorily dealt with.

In September 2012 the Government appointed Sir Howard Davies to chair the ‘Independent Airports Commission – increasing international competitiveness of UK airlines and airports’. A final report was published in July 2015.

The Commission considered how future growth of aviation demand in the UK can best be met. The report concluded that a new northwest runway at Heathrow presented the strongest case and in October 2016 the Government announced its preference for this option. The scheme will now be taken forward in the form of a draft ‘National Policy Statement’. The impact of this is discussed further later in this report.

In January 2013 the Department for Transport published aviation forecasts for the UK. This identifies an air transport movement (ATM) capacity for Heathrow of 480,000 per annum and a passenger throughput capacity of 90 million per annum.22

21 London Heathrow Economic Impact Study, September 2013 22 ‘UK Aviation Forecasts’ January 2013. DfT – Table 3.10

30 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Whilst runway capacity effectively limits passenger movements at Heathrow to 90 million per annum, the Department for Transport report has considered what the future potential passenger demand might be. The following table from the report uses a mid- range scenario. It shows an increasing passenger growth in the London area including at Heathrow.

Table 6 Air passenger forecasts for Heathrow and London area

2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Millions Heathrow 66 75 82 87 93 London 128 158 186 193 199

The continued growth in passenger demand is a measure of success for the aviation industry but will present challenges to deliver the infrastructure which the Commission is tasked to address. It does confirm the potential for the economic impact of Heathrow to increase in both direct and indirect business activity and employment.

Expansion at Heathrow is predicted to have a profound boost to the success of the borough in terms of economic growth and jobs. In July 2013 Surrey County Council commissioned a research paper23 to be completed with a number of different scenarios for airport expansion in the south east and their effect on the Surrey economy.

The findings stated that expansion would maintain Heathrow’s hub airport and enhance the current network of both long haul and short haul origins and destinations. This would in turn add to Surrey’s competitive advantage over other areas, would encourage existing international companies to sustain and expand local operations and signal to global players that Surrey is an area to invest in.

v. Companies House SIC Code Analysis

Companies House is the UK’s registrar of businesses. Companies House classify business sectors by Standard Industrial Classification or SIC codes. Table 7 shows us the total number of new company registrations across Spelthorne and Surrey from 2013 to 2016. The results show that Spelthorne has incorporated more new companies than the Surrey average in every year except 2015.

Table 7 Total companies incorporated in Spelthorne and Surrey 2013-2016

Surrey Spelthorne Surrey Spelthorne Surrey Spelthorne Surrey Spelthorne 2016 2016 2015 2015 2014 2014 2013 2013 8063 10750 9129 7539 806 868 1075 788 912 1108 754 765 average per average per average per average per borough borough borough borough Ashford - 213 Ashford - 174 Ashford - 217 Ashford - 190 Shepperton - 169 Shepperton - 296 Shepperton - 466 Shepperton - 284 Staines - 321 Staines - 201 Staines - 299 Staines - 185 Stanwell -19 Stanwell - 10 Stanwell - 11 Stanwell - 11 Sunbury - 132 Sunbury - 91 Sunbury - 107 Sunbury - 87 Laleham - 1 Laleham - 1 Laleham - 1

Source: Companies House

23 Aviation and the Surrey Economy: Berkeley Hanover Consulting/Surrey County Council

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 31 Table 8 shows us the figures for construction companies incorporated in Spelthorne. Since 2013 Spelthorne has remained close to the Surrey average for number of new businesses in building construction as a percentage of growth. In this period Spelthorne has seen a 66.6% increase in companies starting up in this sector compared 37.6% across Surrey. Spelthorne has remained consistently strong in the creation of companies within the building trades with higher than Surrey averages except for 2015. 2016 has seen a recovery across these sectors with strong growth.

Table 8 Total construction companies incorporated

Data Source: Companies House new businesses incorporated between 2013 - 2016. Total companies Figures are based on companies that provided SIC codes. registered in Surrey figures are based on an average across 10 boroughs. Spelthorne: 9076

CONSTRUCTION Division 41: Construction of buildings 11.6 20 35 3 38.4 27 31.2 24 111

•Division 42: Civil engineering 0.7 0 3.2 1 4.2 2 2.4 2 19 •Division 43: Specialised construction 12.9 24 46.8 17 49 53 36.6 37 328 activities Table 9 shows us the number of information and communication companies incorporated. Spelthorne has seen a growth in the number of businesses created in the computer programming & consultancy sector, again out performing Surrey with a 50.3% increase in Computer programming & related companies compared to 36% and 58% increase in Information Services compared to 44% for Surrey. 2015 saw a slowdown overall of new business creation. 2016 has seen a recovery with 23 companies created in computer programming sector compared to a Surrey average of 16.5%. Spelthorne with its proximity to Heathrow, transport links to London & motorway network has been identified in the Commercial Property study 2016 as an area that will see a continued increase in this sector and has been highlighted as one of the five growth sectors EM3 will be targeting for inward investment across Surrey.

Table 9 Total information and communication companies incorporated

INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION •Division 58: Publishing activities 1.9 1 6.2 0 8.4 1 6.8 4 17 35.20% 30.30%

•Division 59: Motion picture, video 3.5 1 15.5 4 17.2 15 12.3 16 75 48.00% 38.20% and television programme •Divisionproduction, 60: sound Programming recording and and 0.4 0 0.6 0 1.1 2 0.7 0 5 3.60% 27.70% broadcasting activities •Division 61: Telecommunications 1.1 1 2.7 0 3.1 4 4.1 3 22 36.30% 26.50%

•Division 62: Computer programming, 16.5 23 69.2 33 81.2 122 65.7 71 495 50.30% 36.00% consultancy and related activities •Division 63: Information service 3.3 3 8.7 2 11.1 13 7.5 7 43 58.10% 44.00% activities Table 10 shows us the number of professional, scientific and technical activities companies incorporated. Spelthorne has seen a strong growth (42.8%) of Head office / management consultancy sector which is slightly higher than the Surrey growth of 37.4% in the same period although we again fall behind on the overall Surrey average. With the current commercial development plans within the borough and the proposed Heathrow expansion coupled with the transport links to London, this sector is expected to see continued strong growth.

32 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Table 10 Total professional, scientific and technical activities companies incorporated

PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES •Division 69: Legal and accounting 5 2 1 6 70 20.00% activities •Division 70: Activities of head 21.1 16 73.2 14 85.8 48 72.9 36 266 42.80% 37.40% offices; management consultancy •Divisionactivities 71: Architectural and 4 12 2 7 82 30.49% engineering activities; technical •Divisiontesting and 72: analysis Scientific research and 0 0 1 1 72 2.70% development •Division 73: Advertising and market 4 0 0 4 24 33.30% research •Division 74: Other professional, 2 7 8 23 287 13.90% scientific and technical activities •Division 75: Veterinary activities 0 1 0 3 9 44.40%

Table 11 shows the number of transportation and storage companies incorporated. Land & Air transport and postal & Courier growth is consistently stronger than Surrey as a whole .This is largely due to the proximity of Heathrow Airport. In the period since 2013 Spelthorne has seen 61.6% and 69.5% growth for the Land & Air transport and postal & Courier sector compared to 40.6% and 42.7% respectively.

Table 11 transportation and storage companies incorporated

TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE •Division 49: Land transport and 3.1 22 5.7 10 8 322 6.6 217 926 61.60% 40.60% transport via pipelines •Division 50: Water transport 0 0 0.4 0 0.5 0 0.3 0 5 0.00% 16.90%

•Division 51: Air transport 0.5 3 0.5 2 1.3 2 1.1 3 23 43.48% 26.90%

•Division 52: Warehousing and 1.2 1 1.7 0 2.7 3 1.5 3 52 13.40% 27.20% support activities for transportation •Division 53: Postal and courier 0.6 3 1.4 3 1.9 3 1.4 7 23 69.50% 42.70% activities Table 12 shows the number of financial and insurance companies incorporated. Again there has been strong growth in this sector since 2013, although Spelthorne falls well below the Surrey average for business creation in this sector.

Table 12 financial and insurance companies incorporated

FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE •DivisionACTIVITIES 64: Financial service 6 0 13.5 1 17.7 8 15.2 4 59 22.00% 35.20% activities, except insurance and pension funding •Division 65: Insurance, reinsurance 0.2 7 1.4 0 1.3 0 1.2 0 8 87.00% 20.40% and pension funding, except compulsory social security •Division 66: Activities auxiliary to 2.3 1 5.4 0 6.6 3 7.4 2 15 40.00% 39.00% financial services and insurance activities

vi. Current business experience – The Spelthorne Business Survey

The Council undertook a survey of local businesses between May and June 2016. The purpose was to understand the current experiences of businesses. The survey was completed via the Spelthorne Business Forum.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 33 The key findings of the survey are summarised as follows:

a. 89% expected to ‘expand significantly’ or ‘expand a little’ over the next two years.

b. 80% expected to take on additional staff over the next two years, of which 28% said ‘definitely’, 12% ‘very likely’ and 40% ‘possibly’.

c. The most significant challenges faced by businesses in order of priority are:

i. Costs ii. Skills/work readiness iii. Getting/keeping customers iv. Planning v. Accommodation vi. Competition

d. In response to whether they had experienced difficulties in recruiting local people with the right qualifications/experience, 36% said they had and 48% said they hadn’t.

e. When asked about the advantages of being located in Spelthorne, the responses in order of priority were:

i. Location ii. Transport - connectivity iii. Pro-active local authority iv. Workforce v. Good business base

f. When asked about the disadvantages of being located in Spelthorne, the responses in order of priority were:

i. Transport-congestion ii. Skills and training iii. Competition/levels of available business iv. Planning v. Environment

Nature and Availability of Employment Space

i. Vacant business premises

There always needs to be a stock of vacant business premises available to provide the capacity for businesses to move. The Council has undertaken an annual survey of available commercial premises for over 25 years and up until 2015 the lowest level of availability in terms of total floorspace had been around 40,000m2, which represented approximately 7.9% of total business floorspace in Spelthorne. The 2016 Available Commercial Premises study however noted a much lower level of availability which amounted to a 4% vacancy rate. This is partially due to the take up of a large quantity of previously long term vacant office floorspace prior to the 2016 Available Commercial Premises Study24.

24 Between 2013 and 2015 long term vacancies (+2 years) equated to approximately 45,092sqm of business floorspace (average of 15,000sqm p.a.) which have been occupied prior to the 2016 Available Commercial Premises Study.

34 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Since 2008 business rates have been charged on empty business premises and there has been an increasing tendency for buildings which are vacant prior to redevelopment to be demolished at an early stage. This means that perhaps an amount of vacant floorspace of just less than 40,000m2 may still be sufficient for the property market to operate effectively, however the 2016 commercial vacancy level is much lower, indicating that the property market may be operating with less flexibility.

Any ‘surplus’ vacant floorspace above this ‘minimum’ figure could be regarded as the potential ‘spare capacity’ available for additional business growth. At April 2013 there was 22,748m2 of ‘spare capacity’ which could have equated to as many as 1,129 jobs. In April 2016 however the total available floorspace in Spelthorne was 24,672m2. As such there is no ‘spare capacity’ using the 40,000m2 threshold meaning that there is no potential floorspace available for additional business growth.

Table 7 shows the amount of available industrial/warehouse and office floorspace over the last 11 years. It shows that up to 2014 there has been some scope for further growth from existing premises, however the amount of business floorspace available in 2015 and 2016 has fallen quite substantially. Some commercial floorspace has been lost to non-commercial uses and the effects of the Government’s changes to the Permitted Development regime has seen proposals for the conversion of a number of vacant office buildings to residential use in designated employment areas, therefore reducing the stock.

Behind the total figures there are normally a wide range of premises spread across the Borough. In the 2016 Available Commercial Premises survey there were 7 industrial/warehouse premises available from 368m2 up to 1,340m2, which is much fewer than the 23 premises available in 2013. There were also 28 office premises available ranging in size from 23m2 to 3,089m2 in 2016 contrasting to the 46 available in 2013. Analysis of the 2016 figures against the survey in 2015 shows that there is a significant turnover of units with just less than 50% vacant for 12 months or longer. There has been a decrease in vacant floorspace of just under 15,000m2 from 2015 to 2016, and from 2013 there has been a decrease of just over 38,000m2, which to a large extent was made up of one single industrial unit of 14,400m2.

Table 7 Business space availability in Spelthorne – 2006-201625

Industry/Warehousing Year % rate Offices (m2) % rate Total (m2) April 2006 31,423 7.3 22,203 11.9 53,626 April 2007 19,440 5.7 25,273 10.4 44,713 April 2008 17,740 5.1 27,109 11.1 44,849 April 2009 22,202 6.3 23,687 9.7 45,889 April 2010 21,104 6.0 32,775 13.4 53,879 April 2011 37,244 10.6 27,183 11.1 64,427 April 2012 17,242 5.1 30,557 15.2 47,799 April 2013 31,778 8.2 30,970 15.4 62,748 April 2014 32,725 8.5 25,313 12.6 58,038 April 2015 11,229 2.9 28,136 14.0 39,365 April 2016 4,434 1.1 20,238 9.4 24,672

Source: Spelthorne Borough Council – Guide to Available Commercial Premises (published annually)

25 The percentage annual average vacancy rate was calculated using the annual data in this table compared with the base floorspace data set out in Figure 1.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 35 Commercial availability has been declining quite rapidly from 2011 to 2016 in terms of ‘business premises’ and this is illustrated in the percentage rates, whereby just 1.1% of floorspace is now available. ‘Office’ availability has also decreased, however the rate at which this has occurred has not been as rapid.

The loss of available office space is partially down to vacant offices being converted to residential under the permitted development ‘prior approval’ regime. In 2015/16 five schemes were completed providing 45 dwellings, having resulted in the loss of some 2,800 sqm of office floorspace, whilst further schemes involving the creation of 144 dwellings and the loss of just over 8,000 sqm of office floorspace are in the pipeline.

ii. Vacant retail premises

The Council undertakes an annual survey of uses within shopping areas and includes units which are vacant. The latest survey was in April 2016. The level of vacancy can be an indicator of the relative success of a particular centre as well as a measure of the opportunities for new businesses to establish.

Overall in the Borough there are over 850 retail premises within the town centres and in isolated parades, of which 87 were vacant in 2016, which is an overall vacancy figure of 10%. This has increased from 73 in April 2013. The 2016 survey also showed that 28 premises had changed hands in the previous 12 months and 88 from 2013 to 2016, which is a positive sign of new businesses coming in to replace those which may have failed or relocated.

Nationally retail vacancy levels in March 2016 stood at 12.5%26. Vacancy levels in Spelthorne’s four main centres for 2006 to 2016 are shown in Figure 17. Whilst the overall vacancy rate in Spelthorne is below the national average, in three of the four main centres the vacancy rate is slightly above the national average.

Figure 17 Retail vacancy rates in the four main centres of Spelthorne

18 16 14 12 10 % 8 6 4 2 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Staines Ashford Shepperton Sunbury Cross

Source: Spelthorne Borough Council – Annual Monitoring Report 2016

26 Retail Gazette – 14 April 2016.

36 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

iii. Market Rental Values and Yields

Research by Colliers2728 indicates that office prime rents in Staines-upon-Thames are £34.50 per sq.ft, which represents an annual growth of 5%.

Lambert Smith Hampton’s Thames Valley Office Market Report 201529 also highlights prime rents for offices in Staines-upon-Thames at around £31 per sq. ft., with prime yields of 5-6%. These rents indicate a growth of 8.8% since the end of 2013.

For industrial space, Cushman Wakefield note that prime rents are £14.00 per sq. ft. around Heathrow and a study by Jones Lang Lasalle30 notes that rents are around £12 in Staines-upon-Thames with prime yields around 5.25%. This is an increase on the 2013 rents for Staines-upon-Thames with industrial rents at £11 per sq. ft. and yields of 5.75%31.

iv. Retail Performance

As has been addressed earlier in this report, Spelthorne has a buoyant retail centre situated mainly in Staines-upon-Thames serving a catchment area which extends to North Surrey and the immediate area of Berkshire.

A November 2016 study by PropertyWeek.com32 identified the top 100 retail locations in the UK that represent significant opportunities for investment with Staines-upon- Thames coming in 20th position.

The methodology used takes into account a combination of criteria including headroom for future investment, residential catchment size, population growth, competition and catchment demographics and tourism potential.

Table 8 shows that Staines-upon-Thames ranks as the best location for investment in Surrey and the Enterprise M3 area. Indeed the only town in an adjoining borough that ranks higher than Staines is Windsor in 15th place. However it is clear that Staines has issues with regards to the retail mix scoring the lowest E for that criterion (Key: A=best score; E=lowest score.)

2727 28 Colliers International – South East Offices Q3 2016. 29 Lambert Smith Hampton- Thames Valley Office Market Report 2015. 30 Jones Lang Lasalle- The Western Corridor Industrial and Warehouse Market Report 2015 31 Jones Lang Lasalle- The Western Corridor Industrial and Warehouse Market Report 2013 32 PropertyWeek.com Hot 100 Retail Location 2016

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 37 Table 8 Top 20 Retail Locations for investment 2016

Source: PropertyWeek.com

v. Staines-upon-Thames BID

On 30 October 2016, businesses in Staines-upon-Thames voted for the implementation of a Business Improvement District33 (BID) in the town. BIDs are business-led initiatives, taking advantage of government legislation that gives local business the power to raise their own funds through a levy on their business rates. This can then be spent on their business priorities to improve their trading environment on things such as events, town rangers, Christmas lights etc. A BID term is 5 years after which a new ballot must take place.

The business rates levy has been set at 0.75% for businesses in serviced accommodation (Two Rivers, Elmsleigh Shopping Centre’s) and 1.5% for all other businesses. The BID area can been seen in the map below. The BID area is for the most part is retail only, however there are some non-retail businesses included also.

38 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 Map 4 BID area

Source: Spelthorne Borough Council

The Staines-upon-Thames BID will provide £1.6 million of new investment for over 300 business over the 5 year term. The BID board have identified the following key objectives:

 Create a strong collective business voice in the town  Increase footfall and boost trade  Improve the economic opportunities and the trading environment for businesses in Staines-upon-Thames  Create a new brand and identity for Staines-upon-Thames  Market Staines-upon-Thames to a local, regional and national audience through high profile marketing campaigns, multi-channel media advertising, year round events, festivals and markets  Capitalise on the heritage and location of Staines-upon-Thames  Increase awareness of businesses and town centre events by marketing to residents and employees  Supply businesses with useful data on town centre performance e.g. footfall, car park and dwell time figures  Make the town more welcoming, attractive and safer

vi. New business development with planning permission

As at 31 March 2016 there was planning permission for 37 business developments across the Borough of various sizes involving a net34 additional 488m2 of industrial floorspace, 10,244m2 of office floorspace and 7,550m2 of retail floorspace. These

34 Losses of floorspace through demolition and changes of use have been taken into account.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 39 figures include changes of use. There is a net loss of warehouse space of 5728m2. The above figures amount to a net total of 12,554m2 of business floorspace and represent some 2% of all existing business floorspace. There is 81% less commercial floorspace with planning permission than there was in the 2013 Local Economic Assessment, whereby there was permission for 68,197m2 of commercial floorspace.

This available space includes 3 particularly large developments:

 524-528 London Road, Ashford- 132 room hotel  The former Majestic House site in High Street, Staines.  Sunbury One, Brooklands Close, Sunbury

Most of the increase in retail floorspace involves an extension to the Elmsleigh Centre in Staines.

On the basis of current worker to floorspace ratios for different types of business development, sites with outstanding planning permission could generate up to 1,228 jobs overall.

vii. Planning activity

Table 9 indicates that since the 2013 Local Economic Assessment there has been an upwards trend in the number of dwellings completed in the Borough, highlighting the confidence of purchasers and the corresponding confidence of developers to build new development in the borough. In addition, the total quantity of planning applications received has increased by 39% from 2013 to 2016. Extensions and new builds not only lead to a boost to the construction industry but also lead to ‘spin off’ activities through support trades e.g. household goods expenditure.

Table 9 Planning Activity in Spelthorne

2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16

Total- all new dwellings 397 432 540 555 permitted Total- all new dwellings 222 198 333 348 completed Total planning 1,051 1,145 1,285 1,460 applications received

viii. Proposed new business development

The Council’s Allocations Development Plan Document (December 2009) includes a proposal to extend the Elmsleigh Shopping Centre in Staines with a development called Phase 4. It would involve an additional 18,000m2 of retail floorspace and a mix of non-retail floorspace including residential (Allocation A10).

The Council’s Core Strategy and Policies DPD (February 2009) identifies further scope for retail growth in the longer term and potential for an additional 10,000m2 of retail floorspace at the Two Rivers Shopping Centre on the north side of the High Street.

Despite the current levels of retail vacancies, it is still considered realistic to plan for a growth of retail floorspace in Staines Town Centre in the longer term. For comparison

40 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 goods, expenditure growth per head was 0.3% in 2011 and increased to 3.2% in 2013. A growth rate of 2.9% per annum is expected up to 2023 in Spelthorne whilst convenience goods spending is expected to grow by 0.8% per annum35.

The Council’s planning policies provide a positive approach to employment development. It seeks to maintain the employment capacity of the Spelthorne economy by maintaining well sited larger employment areas and supporting the renewal and improvement of employment floorspace to meet needs.

ix. Construction Industry

The construction industry will benefit from implementing the new business development identified above. There are also a number of sites with planning permission for new residential development. The Council’s Annual Statement of Five Year Housing Supply as at 1 April 2016 shows 896 net additional units with planning permission or otherwise readily available for development. This represents an average annual build of 180 dwellings.

x. Employment Growth Potential

The previous paragraphs have identified both spare capacity in terms of vacant business floorspace and permitted and proposed additional business floorspace. In summary the amount of floorspace and job creation potential from this is set out in Table 10. It must be emphasised that these figures should only be used as a general guide.

Table 10 Employment Growth Potential April 201336 and 201637

2013 2016 Floorspace Job Potential Floorspace Job Potential Vacant premises (space capacity 22,748 1,129 0 0 above 40,000m2) Sites with planning 68,197 2,982 12,554 1,228 permission Proposed new retail 31,741 1,670 35,550 2,031 development (net) Vacant retail premises (assume 73 units 219 87 261 minimum 3 people per unit) Total Jobs 6,000 3,520

Job potential in 2016 is 3,520. This is largely due to there being no vacant premises spare capacity in the borough. Despite this, there is a still a considerable level of job potential arising from other sources, still confirming the positive expectations for growth set out in the previous 2013 Spelthorne Business Survey.

35 Spelthorne Town Centres Study 2015: Report, Spelthorne Borough Council. 36 The calculations use employment density figures (worker floorspace ratios) from ‘Employment Density Guide – 2nd Edition 2010, published by Homes and Communities Agency and prepared by Drivers Jonas Deloitte. 37 The calculations use employment density figures (worker floorspace ratios) from ‘Employment Density Guide – 3rd Edition 2015, published by Homes and Communities Agency and prepared by Bilfinger GVA.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 41 The potential future expansion of Heathrow Airport, which is located just beyond the administrative borough boundary, also has the potential to provide jobs in construction and once the airport is operational from 2025 onward.

xi. Chapter Summary and implications for the economic strategy

Spelthorne has just over 800,000m2 of business floorspace and this has remained relatively constant over the past few years. Despite this, the number of businesses in Spelthorne has increased by 18% since the 2013 Local Economic Assessment (LEA) with most businesses in the ‘Professional, Scientific and Technical’ sector. Businesses in Spelthorne generally performed well, with a notable number of business registrations, a relatively high market rental values and yields. There are also a large number of start-up companies in the Borough including a signifcant number that are high-tech showing a strong entrepreneurial vein in the borough. This has been backed up by positive results in a number of independent studies. The borough’s principle retail centre situated in Staines-upon-Thames has performed strongly and the formation of the towns Business Improvement District will build on this success.

Commercial vacancy rates have decreased from the 2013 LEA from 7.9% to 4%. This is largely due to the take up of previously long term vacant space in the borough and the impact of the permitted development office to residential scheme. As such, there is less flexibility in the property market than there was in the 2013 LEA. Whilst the net total of business floorspace with planning permission has decreased from 2013, the total number of planning applications has increased by 39%. Job potential arising from vacant premises, permitted and proposed additional business floorspace totals 3,520, which is a notable decreased from 2013. This is largely due to there being no vacant premises spare capacity.

The Spelthorne local business survey results were extremely encouraging and showed that 89% (78% in 2013) of those who responded expected to expand their business in the next two years and 80% (68% in 2013) expected to take on more staff. This must be regarded as a very positive indication of business confidence within the Borough. These results as well as the increased economic activity and take up of developments show that confidence in the local economy is high. However, this success, coupled with the loss of office space to residential brings clear risks to business capacity in the borough. The changing nature of business working will require a need for more flexible workspaces, chiefly incubator space to maintain business growth.

42 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

4. Employment

Demography

i. General Population Details

According to the Office for National Statistics as of 30 June 2015, the population of Spelthorne stood at an estimated 98,500 constituting a 3% rise from 2013 when the LEA was first compiled. Within the county, Spelthorne is the 6th largest of the 11 boroughs/districts but it is significantly smaller in population terms than the five non- Surrey local authorities which adjoin it. All five of these authorities are larger unitary authorities.

The relative size of Spelthorne’s population in relation to adjoining authorities is shown in Figure 18.

Figure 18 Population comparison with adjoining authorities

350,000

300,000

250,000

200,000

150,000 Population

100,000

50,000

0 Hillingdon Hounslow Richmond Windsor & Slough Elmbridge Spelthorne Runnymede Maidenhead Source: ONS/Nomis

In the hundred years between 1901 and 2011 the population of Spelthorne has grown more than four-fold. Figure 19 shows that the greatest change took place between 1921 and 1971 (causes explained in chapter 2) before a steady dip through the 1970s to the early 1990s until rising to the current record high.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 43 Figure 19 Spelthorne population change- 1901-2016

120,000

100,000

80,000

60,000 Population 40,000

20,000

0 1901 1911 1921 1931 1939 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2016 Years

Source: ONS 2014-based Subnational Population Projections

The Office for National Statistics predict that if current trends continue this gradual rise will continue, reaching 119,000 in 2039 - a 21.4% increase from 2014. This is shown in the figure below.

Figure 20 Subnational Population Projections

140,000

120,000

100,000

80,000

60,000 Population 40,000

20,000

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039

Year

Source: ONS 2014-based Subnational Population Projections

The 2011 Census shows us that there has been an overall ageing of the Spelthorne population and this trend looks set to continue into the 2030s.Table 11 Spelthorne population.

44 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Total Population 0-4 5-14 15-19 20-44 44-64 65-84 85+ (Spelthorne) Number % % % % % % % 2011 95,598 6.3 10.8 5.7 34.3 26.5 15.0 2.4 2021 105,000 5.9 12.1 5.7 31.1 28.2 16.0 3.2 2031 113,800 5.4 11.3 5.5 29.5 27.3 18.2 4.2

Source (Census/ONS)

ii. Economically Active Population

In economic terms the proportion of the population who are economically active is important and will have a bearing on the extent to which businesses are able to recruit locally and the amount of disposable income. In comparison to the other adjoining authorities and Surrey, Spelthorne has the 7th highest proportion of 16-64 year olds that are economically active.

Figure 21 Economically active 16-64 year olds

90 88 86 84 82 80 % 78 76 74 72 70

Borough/Region

Source: ONS Annual Population Survey 2016

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 45 Figure 22 Comparison of population in full-time employment

It should be noted that the figures below do not take into account self-employed people.

90 80 70 60 50 % 40 30 20 10 0

Borough/Region

Source: Nomis/ONS

Figure 23 Comparison of population in part-time employment

40 35 30 25 % 20 15 10 5 0

Borough/Region

Source: Nomis/ONS

Inevitably some of those of working age will either be retired, looking after family, sick or disabled, students or inactive for other reasons. As a result the percentage in work will never get close to 100%. Figure 24 provides a breakdown of those who are economically inactive that either want a job or do not. It should be noted that “does not

46 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

want a job” is not an indication of “idleness.” For example a person may not want a job as they have to care for a family member.

Figure 24 Economically Inactive 16-64 year olds

Wants a job Does not want a job

Source: ONS/nomis

iii. Ethnic Diversity

Spelthorne has a greater degree of ethnic diversity than any other Surrey borough, although in the 2011 Census 81% of the population described themselves as “White British.” Nearly 86% were born in the UK. Figure 25 provides a breakdown of the ethnic groups that people identified themselves as belonging to. By comparison, most other Surrey districts are less diverse but the other adjoining authorities are more diverse. It should be noted that this data comes from the 2011 Census. The 2014 ONS Population Projections estimates that there will be a year on year net rise of 1000 international migrants which may see these figures rise.

Figure 25 Ethnic groups in Spelthorne

White British - 81.0% Other White - 6.3% Mixed/multiple ethnic - 2.4% Indian - 4.2% Pakistani - 0.7% Other Asian - 2.7% Black British - 1.6% Other - 0.9%

Source: 2011 Census

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 47 iv. Heathrow Airport

Heathrow Airport is the busiest two runway airport in the world. It has a significant passenger role, handling 75 million passengers in 2015, a 7.9% increase from 2011, and is also one of the country’s largest airports in terms of value of goods. It has a significant impact on the local and regional economy and is a major source of employment.

The most recently published survey of employment at the airport shows that there are 68,968 direct on-airport jobs generated by 413 companies.

At the time of the 2013 LEA, more than half of airport staff where employed outside of the 5 adjoining boroughs of Ealing, Hillingdon, Hounslow, Slough and Spelthorne. This has now reversed with 54% of Heathrow employees coming from the local labour pool; 3525 or 5.35% of the total workforce for Heathrow comes from Spelthorne. This represents 6.9% of the Local Authority workforce, a reduction on the reliance of employment by the airport from the 2013 figure of 8.3%

Table 12 Heathrow Employment Assessment

No. Working at % of Heathrow % of Local Authority Local Authority Heathrow Workforce workforce Hounslow 11,304 17.15 7.7 Hillingdon 10,034 15.22 6.5 Ealing 5,520 8.37 3.0 Slough 4,914 7.45 6.6 Spelthorne 3,525 5.35 6.9 Local Labour Area 35,297 54.0 6.1 Other Areas 30,633 46.0 Total 65,930 100.0

Source: Heathrow Employment Survey 201338

Table 13 shows the total Heathrow employee count living in Spelthorne by ward. The figures show that a quarter of the total Spelthorne residents working at Heathrow live in Stanwell North (25.3%) followed by Ashford Common (12.1%) and Staines South (9.2%). Conversely the lowest ward by resident employment is Halliford and Sunbury West (1.9%) Shepperton Town (2.5%) and Riverside and Laleham (3.5%).

38 The total of 65,930 is the number of people who responded to the survey and is less than the 68,968 staff reported to be employed on-airport.

48 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Table 13 Heathrow Employment Summary by electoral ward in Spelthorne

% of total Residence Employee Count % of Airport Staff Spelthorne employee count Spelthorne 3525 5.35 100.0 Stanwell North 892 1.35 25.3 Ashford Common 426 0.65 12.1 Staines South 323 0.49 9.2 Ashford North & Stanwell 290 0.44 8.2 South Sunbury Common 266 0.40 7.5 Staines 255 0.39 7.2 Ashford Town 221 0.34 6.3 Ashford East 204 0.31 5.8 Laleham & Shepperton 203 0.31 5.8 Green Sunbury East 165 0.25 4.7 Riverside & Laleham 123 0.19 3.5 Shepperton Town 89 0.13 2.5 Halliford and Sunbury West 68 0.10 1.9

Source: Heathrow Employment Survey 2013

As has already been noted previously in this document39, the decision to build the third runway at Heathrow will have positive effect on jobs immediately. By 2030 it is forecast that 19,000 new jobs will be created in Surrey due to airport expansion.

Skills and Qualifications

The Spelthorne Business Survey, as it did in 2013, has once again shown evidence that some businesses have experienced a shortfall in the necessary qualifications and experience when seeking to recruit. However, there has been improvement with regards to skills and qualifications since the 2013 assessment which is outlined in Figure 26. It should be noted that when the LEA was first written in 2013 data from the 2011 Census was used.

39 Aviation and the Surrey Economy: Berkeley Hanover Consulting/Surrey County Council

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 49 Figure 26 Qualifications of Spelthorne Residents 16-64 years old – 2011 and 2016

100

0 NVQ Level 4 NVQ Level 3 NVQ Level 2 NVQ Level 1 No Qualifications Other

2011 2016

Source: ONS Annual Population Survey 2016

The following figures follow different levels of qualification and compares those in Spelthorne with the other Surrey authorities, other adjoining boroughs, Surrey as a whole, the South East and Great Britain. The figure below compares the percentage of 16-64 year olds in each area with no formal qualifications. It shows that 7.4% of Spelthorne residents have no formal qualifications, better than the average for Great Britain (8.6%) but still higher than the South East (6.3%) and Surrey (5.8%). However, the 2016 figure shows an improvement on the figure of 9.4% in the 2011.40

40 The 2013 LEA used data from the Census 2011 which stated a different set of figures for 2011 qualifications. The Census data used was for 16-74 year olds, therefore including a large number of older people who will fewer qualifications in comparison to today’s levels. It is therefore felt that the ONS data used provides a better picture of those economically active in the borough. 50 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Figure 27 Comparison of 16-64 year olds with no qualifications

6 % 4

Borough/Region

Source: ONS Annual Population Survey 2016

The figure below shows the number of 16-64 year olds with a degree or higher in 2016 in Spelthorne and other authorities and areas. This shows 35.1% of Spelthorne residents aged 16 and over with a degree or equivalent or higher. This is again a slight improvement from 2011 where the figure was 33.9%. However, despite this rise, Spelthorne is the lowest ranked of all comparison authorities, although it should be noted that there have been improvements by all authorities and regions.

Figure 28 Comparison of those with a degree or NVQ level 4

80 70 60 50 40 % 30 20 10 0

Borough/Region

Source: ONS Annual Population Survey 2016

The figure below shows the percentage of primary and secondary schools deemed “good or “outstanding” in Spelthorne in relation to Surrey and England. The results again show improvement on the level of performance from the 2013 LEA, with Spelthorne schools now faring better than the level for England.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 51 Figure 29 Percentage of Spelthorne Schools deemed good or outstanding

100 90 80 70 60 England 50 Surrey 40 Spelthorne 30 20 10 0 Primary Secondary Source: Ofsted/Surrey County Council Spelthorne Local Committee

i. School Capacity

Education provision across Spelthorne is administered by Surrey County Council. The table below shows the projections for the demand on school places at primary school level until 2021. Spelthorne has a relatively healthy surplus (5%) of school places with 7,595 pupils to 7,970 school places. Although there will be additional demand by 2021 this will be offset by the expansion of Hawkedale Infant School to primary status, thus increasing Spelthorne’s surplus places to 6%.

Table 14 Primary school capacity and forecast pupil change 2015-2021

Source: Surrey Infrastructure Study

52 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Table 15 shows the capacity needs in terms of secondary schools across Surrey. The picture is one of increasing stretched resources with the majority of Surrey boroughs projecting a deficit of school places by 2025. Although Spelthorne is one of only 3 boroughs projected to remain with a modest surplus of places, it should be noted that this is does not account for impacts bordering counties will have on service demands and the time span involved.

Table 15 Secondary school capacity and forecast pupil change 2015-2025

Source: Surrey Infrastructure Study

Inclusion

i. Unemployment

The unemployment rate in Spelthorne, based on Job Seekers Allowance (JSA) claimant numbers, stood at 0.8% in June 2016. This figure has remained broadly the same since June 2015, fluctuating between 0.7% and 0.9%. This reflects the pattern nationally with the unemployment rate shifting between 1.7% and 1.9%.

Spelthorne is situated within the South East, which is the most economically buoyant part of the country and within the county of Surrey, which has historically had some of the lowest unemployment rates nationally. This context is important when comparing Spelthorne with adjoining areas.

Table 16 shows Spelthorne’s unemployment rate (JSA based) since January 2013 in 3 month intervals in comparison to the Surrey, South East and UK figures. The fluctuations broadly match the national and regional trends but Spelthorne’s level of unemployment has been consistently lower than these areas. The rate has however, been consistently higher than Surrey as a whole.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 53 Table 16 Comparison of unemployment figures- January 2013 to July 2016

Spelthorne Surrey South East Great Britain % % % % January 2013 2.0 1.6 2.5 3.8 April 2013 1.9 1.5 2.4 3.7 July 2013 1.7 1.4 2.1 3.4 October 2013 1.4 1.2 1.9 3.0 January 2014 1.4 1.1 1.8 3.0 April 2014 1.2 1.0 1.6 2.7 July 2014 1.0 0.8 1.4 2.4 October 2014 0.9 0.7 1.2 2.1 January 2015 0.9 0.7 1.2 2.1 April 2015 0.8 0.6 1.1 2.0 July 2015 0.8 0.6 1.0 1.8 October 2015 0.7 0.6 1.0 1.8 January 2016 0.8 0.6 1.0 1.8 April 2016 0.8 0.5 0.9 1.9 July 2016 0.7 0.5 0.8 1.8 Source: Nomis/ONS

Throughout the last 3 years Spelthorne’s unemployment level has also been lower than Hillingdon, Hounslow and Slough although slightly above the other adjoining authorities.

The table below shows the unemployment levels in the 13 Wards in the Borough for May 2016. The following information shows some variation in unemployment levels between wards. The lowest unemployment level is 0.5% in Shepperton Town, Sunbury East, Halliford and Sunbury West and Ashford Town. The highest is 1.4% in Stanwell North, with the next highest being Sunbury Common at 1%. The two wards with the highest levels of unemployment are also in areas which are very close to significant amounts of business space and possible employment opportunities. Therefore geography and employment availability generally do not appear to be a cause for the higher numbers of unemployed in those wards. These are, however, wards with a higher proportion of people with no qualifications.

Table 17 Ward unemployment in Spelthorne

Ward No of people % of people unemployed unemployed Ashford Common 33 0.6 Ashford East 25 0.7 Ashford North & Stanwell South 52 0.9 Ashford Town 22 0.5 Halliford & Sunbury West 18 0.5 Laleham & Shepperton Green 35 0.7 Riverside & Laleham 16 0.4 Shepperton Town 19 0.5 Staines 51 0.9 Staines South 34 0.7 Stanwell North 78 1.4 Sunbury Common 53 1.0 Sunbury East 20 0.5 Source: Spelthorne Economic and Development Trends May 2016/ONS

The figure below shows the proportion of unemployed in the age groups of 18-24, 25- 49 and 50-64 and illustrates to what extent some groups have been more affected by unemployment. The 18-24 age group is most significant as those 7 years represent

54 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

over 23% of all unemployment. However, in absolute terms those aged 25-49 represent the largest group, with the over 50 group also representing a signifcant proportion.

Figure 30 Spelthorne’s unemployment by age group July 2013

22% 23%

Aged 18-24 Aged 25-49 Aged 50-64

55%

ii. Benefit Claimants

The number of people claiming benefits can be used as a measure of relative deprivation. Many of those on benefits will not be working.

In Spelthorne, as at November 2015, 4,770 people claimed some kind of benefit. Of this total 3,430 were on one of the four “key out-of-work benefits.” The table below provides a breakdown of the benefits claimed.

Table 18 Benefits claimed November 2015

Type of Benefit Claimed Number of Claimants Jobs Seekers 450 Employment & Support Allowance & Incapacity 2320 benefits Lone Parents 590 Carers 660 Others on income related benefits 70 Disabled 560 Bereaved 130 Total 4780 Source: Department for Work and Pensions/Nomis

In comparison with adjoining authorities and areas Spelthorne only has a lower percentage of “main out-of-benefits” than Hillingdon, Hounslow and Slough.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 55 Figure 31 Percentage of main out-of-work benefits claimed - November 2015

10 9 8 7 6 5 % 4 3 2 1 0

Source: Department for Work and Pensions/Nomis

What is evident from the above figures is that there are a greater number out of work and on benefits than simply those on job seekers allowance. It is clear that a significant proportion have some form of health related incapacity or limitation.

iii. Health and Wellbeing

The county of Surrey is one of the least deprived in the country and its population generally enjoys good health and wellbeing. In Spelthorne, many of the Borough’s residents also enjoy good health compared with many areas, but there are small pockets of deprivation in specific wards. Significant problems also persist in the population which can lead to ill health, particularly obesity, smoking and physical inactivity, which are important causes of early death and ill health.

In April 2016 the council adopted its Health and Wellbeing Strategy. The following tables give a snapshot of Spelthorne in comparison with the rest of Surrey and England.

56 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Table 19 Data Summary for England, Surrey and Spelthorne

England Surrey Spelthorne

Total number of carers (2011 5,430,016 108,433 9,844 census) (10.2%) (9.6%) (10.3%) Admission episodes for alcohol related conditions per 100,000 645 525 554 (2013/14)1 Smoking Prevalence (2014) 1 18% 16.6% 15.9% Excess winter deaths 15.6% 15.9% 17% (2011-14) 1 Excess weight in adults - the percentage of adults classified as 64.6% 63.4% 62.8% overweight or obese (2012-14) 1

Obese adults 24% 22.5% 25% (2012-2014) 1

Obese children (year 6) 1 19.1% 16.4% 15.5%

Homelessness acceptances – per 2.4 2 3.2 thousand households (2014-2015) 1

Percentage of physically active adults – those achieving 150 57% 59% 55.8% minutes of at least moderate intensity activity per week (2014) 1

Source: Public Health Profiles 2015 (Public Health England)

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 57 Table 20 Surrey & Spelthorne Comparison Table

Surrey Spelthorne Comments

Life expectancy1 84 years for women 83.8 years women The life expectancy 80.5 years for men 80.7 years men varies greatly from the most deprived areas compared to the least deprived Children living 13.7% 13.6% Children living in in poverty1 poverty are less likely Highest in Ashford to do well in school, North/Stanwell South & resulting in poorer job North, Sunbury Common opportunities. They are likely to live five years less than their peers. Bed and 215 Households in B&B 84 Households in B&B (25 Spelthorne has the Breakfast / of which have shared highest number of Temporary 729 Households in facilities) families in B&B – (both accommodation2 temporary shared facilities and (Dec 2015) accommodation 121 Households in self-contained) in temporary accommodation Surrey. These families arranged by local authority often have no access to GPs, schools or play areas and can suffer from isolation. They may also experience problems such as poor nutrition. Dementia 3.4% 3.4% Prevalence in 65+ population. (2012-13)5

1Public Health Profiles 2015 (Public Health England) 2 Spelthorne P1E 3 Surrey I community wellbeing, Spelthorne area profile 4 Surrey I JSNA Summary Spelthorne, Surrey i 5 Surrey JSNA - Dementia Chapter Surrey i

As part of the Annual Population Survey, the Office for National Statistics asked people how they rated their mental wellbeing. Respondents were asked to rank their life satisfaction, worthwhileness, happiness and levels of anxiety out of 10 e.g. for life satisfaction, 0 is “not at all satisfied” and 10 is “completely satisfied.” The graph below shows the levels of Spelthorne residents.

58 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Figure 30 Levels of Personal Wellbeing Spelthorne

anxiety 3.36

happiness 7.39

worthwhile 8.01

life satisfaction 7.7

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 life satisfaction worthwhile happiness anxiety Series1 7.7 8.01 7.39 3.36

Source: ONS Annual Population Survey

The following bar chart shows the personal wellbeing levels across the adjoining authorities. The chart shows that Spelthorne scores highest across the area for worthwhileness with a score of 8.01, but below the averages for Surrey, the South East and England for levels of happiness and anxiety.

Figure 31 Comparison of Personal Wellbeing across the adjoining boroughs

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Life satisfaction Worthwhile Happiness Anxiety

Source: ONS Annual Population Survey

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 59 With the population of Spelthorne ageing, the pressure of social care is likely to increase. The table below shows the theoretical future need for nursing care beds from 2015-2030.

Table 21 Social care accommodation and theoretical future need

Source: Surrey Infrastructure Study

iv. Activity Limitations

Poorer health has a bearing on people’s ability to undertake day to day activities. The graph below shows the percentage of physically active adults across Surrey with Spelthorne the worst in the county as well as below the national average.

Figure 32 Percentage of physically active adults

Spelthorne Reigate and Banstead England Runnymede Tandridge Woking Epsom and Ewell Mole Valley Surrey Surrey Heath Guildford Elmbridge Waverley 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Percentage of physically active adults (%)

Source: Sport England, Active People Survey

60 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

An important factor in increasing the activity levels of residents is access to community and leisure facilities. The table below shows that Spelthorne currently has the largest gaps in indoor sports facilities in Surrey, below the county in average 4 of the 5 categories and the lowest in 3 categories: squash courts, indoor bowls rinks and indoor tennis courts.

Table 22 Indoor sports and leisure facilities

Source: Surrey Infrastructure Study

The table below shows the figures across Surrey for outdoor sports provision. Spelthorne lags behind the Surrey average in all categories of outdoor leisure facilities, with no athletics tracks and the lowest number of golf courses.

Table 23 Outdoor sports and leisure facilities

Source: Surrey Infrastructure Study

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 61 v. Housing Affordability

The relative cost of housing can have a bearing on the extent to which those on lower incomes can afford to live in an area. In turn this can have an impact on local labour supply.

Overall in Spelthorne housing costs are high. In August 2016 the median value of a semi-detached house was £450,000, an increase of 47.5% since this assessment was first written in 2013. The median value of a flat/maisonette was £298,475, an increase of 44.7% from 2013.

In terms of the rented sector again costs are high. As of August 2016 the median rent for a home in Spelthorne was £1,114 pcm.

Figure 33 Median annual house prices in Spelthorne by type of dwelling

Sep 2006 Aug 2016 Change

Detached £299,950 £525,000 +75%

Semi £279,950 £450,000 +61%

Terraced £229,950 £380,000 +65%

Flat £169,950 £298,475 +76%

All £263,475 £425,000 +61%

Source: home.co.uk

In comparison with most adjoining authorities and Surrey as a whole house prices in Spelthorne are lower. Only Slough’s house prices are lower than Spelthorne’s. Those in Hillingdon are similar to Spelthorne. In absolute terms the cost of property in relation to incomes means that without substantial additional financial assistance first time buyers on average incomes have no realistic chance of purchasing a property.

62 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Figure 34 Average Asking Prices by Type in Spelthorne (£000's)

Aug 2013 Aug 2016 Change

Detached £408,122 £557,904 +37%

Semi £333,597 £453,428 +36%

Terraced £265,350 £378,878 +43%

Flat £196,918 £294,469 +50%

All £314,702 £441,269 +40% Source: home.co.uk

The cost of housing across the UK has become one of the defining issues for the Government. The housing crisis in London is particularly acute, however this does provide investment opportunities for adjoining boroughs such as Spelthorne, with businesses looking for cheaper areas nearby to London to base themselves and their staff.

A 2016 study compiled by comparison website TotallyMoney.com ranked the top 10 London commuter towns to buy a home. Each location was scored out of 40 based on 4 available metrics: house price, commuting time, season ticket prices and gross disposable household income (GDHI) per county.

Table 24 shows that Staines-upon-Thames ranked 3rd below Woking and High Wycombe. Other Surrey towns of Walton-on-Thames and Redhill also made the top 10. This shows Staines is an attractive location for people wishing to work in London.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 63 Table 24 Top 10 London Commuter towns

Commuting Commuting Disposable House Rank Town Time Costs Income Prices 1 High Wycombe 30 mins £4,180 £23,341 £346,197 2 Woking 27 mins £3,080 £21,437 £433,235 3 Staines 35 mins £2,484 £21,539 £349,604 4 Amersham 34 mins £3,368 £23,341 £542,856 5 Gerrards Cross 28 mins £3,368 £23,341 £792,177 Walton-on- 6 Thames 33 mins £2,412 £21,437 £524,145 7 Erith 44 mins £1,912 £21,539 £238,459 8 Esher 27 mins £2,124 £21,437 £878,831 9 Redhill 38 mins £2,696 £21,437 £338,593 10 Horley 35 mins £3,208 £21,437 £340,407

vi. Deprivation

Since the 1970s the Government has calculated local measures of deprivation in England. The latest release of data was in 2015. This is used to create an Index of Multiple Deprivation as a composite overall measure of deprivation. It is of note that some data sources on education and business are either the same or similar to some measures used in the Index of Competitiveness which is considered earlier in this report.

The Index of Multiple Deprivation uses 38 separate indictors organised across seven key groupings of data:

 Income  Employment  Health and Sustainability  Education skills and training  Barriers to housing and other services  Crime  Living environment

From this data an overall “score” is derived and each local authority area is ranked according to its degree of deprivation. This provides a broad indication of relative deprivation. However, within each authority area there will be variations with deprived localities in generally well-off areas vice-versa.

The index covers 326 local authorities in England. Within the Index a rank of 1 is the most deprived and 326 in the least deprived. Spelthorne had an overall score of 233 in the 2010 Index, placing it in the least deprived quartile.

The table below sets out the rank of Spelthorne and all comparison authorities in rank order and grouped according to which quartile they lie nationally.

64 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 Table 25 Index of Multiple Deprivation 2015

Local Authority Rank Lowest Quartile (326-244) Waverley 323 Elmbridge 322 Surrey Heath 320 Epsom and Ewell 313 Guildford 304 Mole Valley 305 Windsor and Maidenhead 306 Woking 301 Richmond upon Thames 296 Reigate and Banstead 292 Tandridge 284 Runnymede 280 Spelthorne 233 Third Quartile Hillingdon 153 Hounslow 86 Slough 79

Source: DCLG- Index of Multiple Deprivation 2015

This index helps to put into context various sets of data used in this Local Economic Assessment. It shows that whilst in a number of measures Spelthorne does not compare so favourably with some adjoining areas, most of these comparison authorities are within the top 10% of least deprived authorities nationally.

Close examination of the groupings of data in the Index show that the two factors most contributing to Spelthorne’s lower ranking in this Index compared to most comparison authorities is education and business per 1000 head of population. For education the Index was based on the percentage attaining NVQ level 4 or higher (degree level or higher.)

vii. Child Poverty

Child poverty in the UK is measured by the number of children in families in receipt of either out of work (means-tested) benefits, or in receipt of tax credits where their reported income is less than 60 per cent of median income.

Children growing up in poverty are more likely to experience poorer outcomes in life than their more affluent peers. Factors such as low birth weight, teenage conceptions, mental health disorders, obesity, alcohol and substance abuse, smoking and low educational attainment all have a direct link with child poverty.

The graph below shows the levels of child poverty in Surrey. As of September 2016, there are 2,385 children living in poverty in Spelthorne, around 13.6%. Although better than the national average, it is approximately the same as the percentage for the south east and the worst level in Surrey.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 65 viii. Percentage of Children Living in Poverty

10 % of children in poverty %children of 5

Borough/Region

Labour Market

Of the 51,300 people in Spelthorne actually in work as of June 2016 the greatest proportion of people (18.4%) were employed in the ‘wholesale and retail trade, motor repair vehicles/bikes’ sector. The next largest group (10.5%) worked in the ‘transport and storage’ sector. This shows us that the top two employment sectors have changed places since 2011. Figure 40 shows the percentage employed in the 18 standard employment groupings used by ONS Table A28 in the appendices shows percentage details for all comparison authorities.

66 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Figure 35 Percentage employed by Industry in Spelthorne 2011 & 2015

20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

2011 2015

Source: ONS Business Register and Employment Survey 2015/Census 2011

The following information considers the level at which people are employed within a particular “industry”. Figure 36 compares the percentage of those employed in the top two occupational groups. i.e. “managers, directors and senior officials” and “professional occupations.”

Figure 36 Employment in two highest occupational groups

20 % 15

0 Spelthorne Elmbridge Runnymede Slough Windsor & Hillingdon Hounslow Richmond Maidenhead

Managers, Directors & Senior Officials Professional Occupations

Source:ONS Annual Population Survey/Nomis

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 67 The figure below shows that Spelthorne has generally less people in the “associate professional and technical occupations” (third group) but more than all authorities in the “administrative and secretarial occupations” (fourth group). There has been a slight rise in the percentage in both groups since the 2013 assessment.

Overall Spelthorne residents in work are more strongly represented in lesser occupational types.

Figure 37 Employment in third and fourth highest occupational groups

30 25 20 15 10 5 % 0

Associate professional & technical occupations Administrative & secretarial occupations

Source: Nomis

ix. Socio-Economic Classification

The 2011 Census asked all people aged 16-74 about the socio-economic group41 they were part of. Although this data has some similarity with the data in the previous section on employment by occupation, the socio-economic classification more strongly reflects on individual’s socio-economic standing.

Figure 43 shows the percentage of Spelthorne’s residents in each socio-economic group. The greatest concentration is in the middle groups. Table A30 in the appendices provides percentages for all comparison authorities.

41 It should be noted that whilst this information is slightly dated the trends will not have changed massively.

68 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Figure 38 Socio-economic grouping of Spelthorne residents

30 25 20

% 15 10 5 0

Source: ONS Census Table KS611EW

x. Incomes

Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publish aggregate data on personal incomes. This is drawn from samples of those paying tax. The latest available data is for the tax year 2013-2014 and was published in March 2016. It provides information about employment income, self-employment income, pension income and total income.

The data can assist an understanding of:

 Gross disposable income in the local economy  The income implications of the type of work and industry people are employed in  The extent of economic disadvantage

The total mean income for Spelthorne for 2013-2014 was £33,800 and increase of 13% since 2010-2011. It is several thousand above the average for England but lower than the South East average. It is also the third lowest of adjoining authorities and the lowest of all Surrey authorities. The average for Surrey is more than a third higher at £46,600, and the average of all adjoining authorities is £40,220.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 69 Figure 38 Comparison of total mean incomes

80,000

70,000

60,000

50,000

£ 40,000 30,000 2016 20,000 2011 10,000

Source: HMRC Personal Income Statistics 2013 & 2016

Figure 39 shows the rate of growth in income as a percentage across Surrey and the adjoining boroughs and districts. Although incomes have increased in Spelthorne, they have not grown at anywhere near the rate for England (18.8%), nor the South-East (14.4%) or Surrey (16.5%.)

Figure 39 Comparison of growth rate of incomes

Waverley 28 Reigate & Banstead 27.2 Windsor & Maidenhead 21.4 Tandridge 21 England 18.8 Elmbridge 17.3 Surrey 16.5 Hounslow 16.2 Guildford 15.4 Surrey Heath 15.3 Slough 15

South East 14.4 Borough/Region Woking 14.4 Richmond 13.7 Spelthorne 13 Epsom & Ewell 12.2 Mole Valley 11.3 Hillingdon 10.2 Runnymede 8.5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Rate of growth (%)

Source: HMRC Personal Income Statistics 2013 & 2016

70 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

The Living Wage is a voluntary pay standard for employees aged 18 and over who are not apprentices, interns or trainees and covers the basic costs of living. The standard is set by the Living Wage Foundation and the Centre for Social Policy and is one of the key methods of measuring low pay in the United Kingdom.

The current Living Wage is set at £9.55 in London and £8.25 in the rest of the UK. It is not to be confused with the Government’s “National Living Wage” which was introduced on 1 April 2016 and is set at £7.20 per hour for all working people aged 25 and over.

Figure 39 shows the proportion of employee jobs paid below the living wage. Spelthorne has approximately 8560 jobs paying below the living wage just above 16% of total jobs. This in part can be explained by the large number of retail based jobs in the borough. This figure does however fare better in comparison to the rest of the South East (19%) and the rest of the UK (23%.)

Figure 39 Proportion of employee jobs paying below the living wage

40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

Source: ONS Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings

xi. Summary and implications for the economic strategy

Spelthorne like the rest of Surrey is expected to see a rapid rise in population, reaching 119,000 by 2039. At the same time the population is living longer with the 65-84 and 85+ age groups projected to make up over a quarter of residents going into the 2030s meaning that there will be a much pressure on services particularly school places and social care, and will create further need for house building.

Despite improvements, the findings of the Spelthorne Business Survey have shown skills and work readiness are still significant barriers to growth with Spelthorne the lowest of adjoining areas for degrees. These lower qualification levels have a knock on effect on wages with Spelthorne being the lowest paid borough, with 16% of total jobs paying below the living wage. Child poverty is also high for the region which will have implications for the future workforce. Deprivation is particularly prevalent in specific areas of the borough most notably Stanwell and Sunbury Common and these areas will need more targeted attention in the economic strategy.

Health generally has improved since the 2013, however activity limitations are low leading to higher than average levels of obesity and premature death. This is confounded by Spelthorne’s poorer levels of leisure facilities forming a barrier for residents to partake in sports and fitness.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 71 The decision to expand Heathrow Airport will have a positive effect on jobs and investment and the council must be in a position to capitalise.

72 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

5. Transport, Environment and Infrastructure

Transport

Spelthorne is located to the south of Heathrow Airport and is adjacent to West London. The M3, M25 and A30 trunk road all pass through the borough, with the M4 motorway only 5 minutes’ drive away. Junctions 13 and 14 of the M25 lie on the periphery of the Borough whilst junction 1 of the M3 sits in the south east of Spelthorne at Sunbury. Given its location in relation to the strategic road network, Spelthorne has excellent road connections to London and Heathrow and Gatwick Airports. This connectivity also means that Spelthorne has good access to the wider South East and South West regions.

Six rail stations are located within the borough to further enhance its connectivity. Staines is the fifth busiest passenger station in Surrey and London Waterloo is 32 minutes travel time via Staines with services also running to Reading, Hounslow, Windsor and Weybridge. The Shepperton branch-line also provides services to London Waterloo via Kingston-upon-Thames. The strategic location of the borough and close proximity to Heathrow Airport makes

Map 5 Key Road and Rail Links in Spelthorne

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 73 The graph below shows details from the 2011 Census on the mode of travel Spelthorne residents use to get to work.

Figure 40 Method of travel to work by Spelthorne residents

Work mainly at or from home Underground/metro/light rail/tram Train

Bus, minibus or coach

Taxi

Motorcycle, scooter or moped Driving a car or van

Passenger in a car or van

Bicycle

On foot

ONS Travel to Work Areas/Spelthorne Functional Economic Area Analysis 2016

i. Travel to work patterns

The ONS 2011 Travel to Work Areas (TTWAs) shows Spelthorne focussed more towards South West London and the eastern area of the Thames Valley. Based on the analysis on travel to work areas and commuting data in the joint Spelthorne & Runnymede Strategic Housing Market Assessment (SHMA,) it is clear that notable flows from Spelthorne to London, and especially Heathrow, can be identified. The greatest commuter flows to London Boroughs from Spelthorne are to Hounslow (13.5 %,) Hillingdon (10.2%) and Richmond-upon-Thames (5.1%) but with notable flows also to Elmbridge (4.3 %,) Runnymede (10.2 %,) Slough (3.4%) and Windsor & Maidenhead (1.7 %.)

The table below shows that there are more people who live in the borough and work (50,484) than there are people currently working in the borough (41,367). Therefore Spelthorne is a significant net exporter of labour, with more people commuting out of the borough.

74 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Table 26 Commuting Patterns in Spelthorne

Spelthorne Live and work in Borough 11,153 Home Workers 4,902 No fixed workplace 4,190 Out-commute 30,239 In-commute 21,122 Total working in Borough 41,367 Total live in Borough 50,484 Commuting ratio 0.22

Source: Spelthorne FEMA 2016

ii. Roads

Spelthorne is well connected to the national motorway network but congestion is a problem both in parts of the Borough and the wider area, particularly into London. The M3 motorway passes through the southern section of the Borough and links London via the A316 with Southampton and beyond, with Junction 1 of the M3 at Sunbury Cross.

The M25 motorway is an orbital route around London and passes through the north- west of the Borough, less than a mile from Staines Town Centre. From the M25 there is quick access to the M4 motorway (London to South Wales) and the M40 motorway (London to the Midlands).

The A30 passes through the northern part of the Borough with a bypass round Staines Town Centre, linking with the M25 at Junction 13. The A30 provides a dual carriageway link into London.

The A308 is a dual carriageway which links to the A30 just north of Staines and travels due east to Sunbury Cross. It then continues as a single carriageway to Kingston.

There are bridging points over the River Thames at Staines, Chertsey and Walton as well as the bridges for the M3 and M25.

The A3044 (Stanwell Moor Road) and B3003 (Clockhouse Lane) provide access from within the Borough respectively to the west and east sides of Heathrow Airport, which lies immediately the north. There is also access to the airport from the M25 (Terminal 5 spur at Junction 14b) and the A30 at Hatton Cross.

iii. Rail

There are two rail lines serving Spelthorne. The Staines to Waterloo line provides access to London in 32 minutes on fast services. Ashford is also on the Staines to Waterloo line. From Staines trains continue to either Reading, Weybridge or Windsor. From Weybridge there are trains via Woking to Southampton, Portsmouth and Exeter.

The Shepperton to Waterloo branch line is separate from Staines to Waterloo line. It also has stations at Upper Halliford, Sunbury and Kempton Park. The Shepperton line goes to Waterloo via Kingston.

Staines is the fifth busiest station in Surrey. The total “entry” and “exit” figures for all Spelthorne stations for 2012/13, 2013/14, and 2014/15 are shown below.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 75 Table 27 Usage of railways stations in Spelthorne

Passenger usage per annum Station 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 Staines 2,825,096 2,849,914 2,881,160 Ashford 963,786 975,950 1,043,988 Shepperton 422,928 419,200 442,564 Sunbury 404,602 413,598 436,480 Upper Halliford 130,920 123,850 134,534 Kempton Park 58,928 63,246 71,498

Source: Office of Rail and Road Regulation

In July 2016 the council voted to fully support a local campaign for Spelthorne to be absorbed into the Transport for London Zone 6 area, which would provide cheaper and more accessible rail travel to and from London. An online petition for the campaign currently has 5,653 signatories (https://www.change.org/p/spelthornezone6) as well as support from stakeholders both in and out of Spelthorne including Heathrow Airport, Shepperton Studios and Thorpe Park.

iv. Bus Routes

Spelthorne has a relatively dense network of bus services and benefits from a number of services in London terminating at Staines and Sunbury. Much of the urban areas of Staines, Ashford, Stanwell, Shepperton and Sunbury are within 400 metres of a twice hourly bus service. Over 95% of the urban area is within 30 minutes of public transport travel time for key facilities.

Staines Town Centre has a bus station at the southern entrance to the Elmsleigh Centre. Some 17 bus services terminate in the town and a further 4 pass through. Services go to London, Berkshire, the rest of Surrey and Heathrow.

Ashford town centre is served by 4 bus routes; 4 further routes cover the wider area of Ashford. Five routes serve the Shepperton area and five routes also serve the Sunbury area. There are 4 routes providing access from the Borough to different parts of Heathrow Airport.

v. Heathrow Access

Heathrow has direct links to it via spur roads from both the M4 and the M25 which are respectively on the north and west side of the airport. There are also links on the south and east side from the nearby A30 trunk road. Access to the airport from Spelthorne is via Stanwell Moor Road to the south-west corner of the airport from which access to all terminals, including the cargo terminal, can be gained.

Existing rail links to Heathrow comprise the “overground” to London Paddington with dedicated Heathrow Express services. The Piccadilly line underground service also extends to all passenger terminals

vi. Heathrow Feasibility Study

In December 2015, Network Rail released the Southern Rail Access to Heathrow Feasibility Study. The report proposes a range of options to improve the accessibility to Heathrow from the south.

76 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

The study proposes 5 potential options to improve access to Heathrow of which Option 1A and 1B would directly affect Spelthorne.

Option 1A

Option 1A enables 4tph (trains per hour) to access Heathrow Airport from the London direction. This alignment provides a route from the Staines vicinity of the Windsor Lines to the west end of Heathrow Terminal 5, similar to that developed for the original Airtrack scheme.

The new route diverges from the Staines - Windsor line north-west of Staines at surface level and remains as such until it enters into a tunnel to access Heathrow Airport Terminal 5 station.

Using this alignment, the journey time from Staines to Heathrow Terminal 5 would be approximately 6 – 7 minutes.

Option 1B

Option 1B enables 4tph to access Heathrow Airport from the London direction and 2- 4tph from the Surrey/Hampshire direction. This option involves the same alignment as Option 1A above but also includes a railway chord in the Staines vicinity that enables services to access the Egham line to then continue on to Surrey/Hampshire destinations.

It should be noted that this is deemed to be the best option in terms of value for money.

vii. Future Transport Proposals

As well as this there are other future transport proposals:

In February 2014 the Council adopted the Community Infrastructure Levy. The following transport recommendations were made:

 Spelthorne Cycleways (Borough Wide)  Public Transport Links to Heathrow  Staines Bridge widening  Cycle Routes (specific)  Clockhouse Lane footbridge  Other Highway improvements to reduce congestion and improve air quality  Airtrack Lite - this involves a rail ink from Staines to Heathrow via Terminal 5. Whilst a similar scheme was promoted in 2010 by BAA but subsequently withdrawn, the London Borough of Wandsworth is seeking to promote this more limited alternative.  Crossrail 2 - London First published proposals in February 2013 for a link from Clapham Junction across London to Alexandra Palace with a “regional” option of suburban links including Shepperton. Its purpose is to provide north- south links across London and would benefit Surrey by relieving pressure on available train paths on the approach to Waterloo station. The council does not support the proposal because under these circumstances existing services to Waterloo could cease and no destination survey work has been done to establish the impacts of this on existing passengers.  Light Rail - Links from Staines to Heathrow. There are suppliers of light rail equipment and other promoters who are interested in advancing proposals for light rail links.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 77 Superfast Broadband

Superfast Broadband is classed as download speeds of more than 24mbps (megabits per second.)

Superfast Broadband is now a core requirement for most sectors, particularly the ICT/Digital sectors which are dependent on high upstream and downstream bandwidths for file sharing with clients and collaborators.

Superfast Surrey is a partnership between Surrey County Council, BT and BDUK (Broadband delivery UK) with the aim of extending the fibre broadband network to homes and businesses across Surrey. (www.superfastsurrey.org.uk). However they have so far not “rolled out” into Spelthorne.

The table below shows current average broadband speeds across the UK, Surrey and Spelthorne. It should be noted that the Spelthorne figure is taken by taking the average figure from postcodes within the borough but gives an indication of current speeds. Spelthorne is currently below the averages for the UK and Surrey.

Table 28 Average Broadband Speeds

Area Average Broadband Speeds (Mbps) UK 28.9 Surrey 20 Spelthorne 17.1

Source: www.data.gov.uk/Ofcom

Environment

i. Natural Environment

This section briefly outlines the key environmental characteristics of the Borough which provide the physical setting for business activity in Spelthorne.

Spelthorne lies within the first area of open countryside as one moves out from London. It is separated from the urban area of London by designated Green Belt land. Some 65% of the Borough is designated as Green Belt and this amount of open land enhances the attractiveness of the Borough.

The Borough has a 12 mile frontage to the River Thames with the towpath for much of that length on the Spelthorne bank. There are several historic Thames side villages such as Laleham, Shepperton, Lower Halliford and Lower Sunbury which are part of 8 Conservation Areas in the Borough. There are several extensive areas of public open space adjoining/close to the river, including Laleham Park, Dumsey Meadow and Sunbury Park. The Thames itself is a source of tourism both from day trips as well as longer stays either on the water or close by. Tourism is an aspect of the local economy the Council has been keen to expand.

The following map shows the key environmental features.

78 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Map 6 Key environmental features in the Borough

There are areas at flood risk from the Rivers Thames and Colne with some 7% of the Borough at risk in a 1 in 100% year event. The larger part of this flood risk area is undeveloped open land and part of the natural floodplain.

The Environment Agency has prepared a Lower Thames Flood Risk Management Strategy for managing future flood risk. It involves an engineered component, which includes three diversion channels between Datchet and Shepperton and improvement to areas at Sunbury, Molesey and Teddington. It is also proposed that the Desborough Cut near Shepperton will be widened to accept greater volumes of water. However, funding and the delivery timetable are still to be resolved.

There are some significant areas of the Borough which are of national and international importance for nature conservation. The most notable is the South West London Water Bodes Special Protection Area. There are a number of sites designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and some 26 sites designated locally as Sites

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 79 of Nature Conservation Importance (SNCI). Some include extensive areas of former mineral workings, a few of which have received national awards for restoration.

ii. Town Centres

Town centres are vital to the vitality of places. They are favoured by many professional service firms and investors because of their transport connections and amenities which in turn attract a wealthier, highly skilled and often younger demographic to the workforce. Local authorities have a key role to play in shaping their town centres.

The Council has invested in its town centres and continues to do so to provide attractive shopping and business environments. It is within these areas that by far the greatest proportion of the 866 retail and related service uses in the Borough are located. They are important economic centres.

In 2002 the Council completed two major enhancement schemes in Staines Town Centre. Following the completion of the Two Rivers Shopping Centre the Council pedestrianized the High Street to provide a traffic-free zone and also completed a scheme to enhance a large park alongside the River Thames called Memorial Gardens. The achievements were recognised by three national awards.

The Council is looking to continue the enhancement of the town centre including opportunities to increase the contribution of the River Thames to the attractiveness of the town centre as a whole.

In the last three years the Council has been implementing a programme of improvements at Ashford, Shepperton and Sunbury Cross to contribute to their on- going vitality. These improvements have in the main been environmental enhancements but also include working in partnership with local businesses to promote the centres.

iii. Secondary Town Centres

Spelthorne Borough Council has won funding from Surrey County Council to regenerate secondary shopping centres in the borough. The Town Centre Revitalisation Scheme will allocate up to £3 million to the counties boroughs and districts, with individual proposals of up to £0.35 million requiring match funding of at least 50%. The 4 year investment programme will provide an injection of funding into secondary shopping areas which are vital to local communities. The scheme will offer structural improvements at the following sites:

 Clare Road, Stanwell  Edinburgh Drive, Staines-upon-Thames  Groveley Road, Sunbury-on-Thames  Woodlands Parade, Ashford

iv. Summary and implications for the economic strategy

Spelthorne has excellent transport connectivity however has suffers with problems around congestion. Despite the high proportion of Spelthorne residents employed by Heathrow, there is no current direct access by rail meaning travel to work patterns are mainly made by road. Crossrail 2 also has negative implications for the borough as current plans will lead to a loss of rail services to London Waterloo and therefore the council needs to effectively lobby against this.

Spelthorne has poor broadband speeds of just 17 mbps, below the average for Surrey and well below the national average of 28 mbps. This is a major barrier to economic

80 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

growth which unless properly addressed will lead to a fall in investment and retention of businesses. Indeed the council is aware of one business that has left the borough due to lack of superfast broadband. Spelthorne is not currently in Surrey County Council’s superfast rollout plan, therefore it is imperative that the council takes steps to be included.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 81 6. Business Organisations in Spelthorne and the wider area

Within Spelthorne

i. Spelthorne Business Forum

In Spelthorne the lead organisation in business matters is the Spelthorne Business Forum (SBF). It is a partnership whose aims are to enhance the local economy of the Borough.

SBF’s main objectives are to:

 Provide networking and information-sharing opportunities for local businesses and business stakeholders

 Develop Links with local schools to match skills with business needs

 Identify and represent issues which affect local businesses across the borough of Spelthorne.

 Act as a consultation forum and contribute to local business related decision making wherever possible

 Seek to promote individual businesses via email, social media (Twitter, LinkedIn) where appropriate.

 Seek to develop links with other business groups to maximise scope for business activity.

Spelthorne Business Forum (SBF) is a non-statutory partnership. It supports the delivery of Spelthorne Council’s Economic Development Strategy. SBF currently has a membership of over 603 businesses and other organisations.

In addition to the SBF there are a number of other local business organisations and those seeking to promote local business as part of their wider aim. These include:

 Ashford Chamber of Commerce  Ashford Pride  Shepperton Business and Traders Association  Shepperton Networking  Spelthorne Business Association  Lower Sunbury Business Community  Sunbury Business Forum  Staines Village Residents and Traders Association

There are also other Surrey-wide organisations who are members of the SBF including the Surrey Chambers of Commerce.

ii. Spelthorne Council’s role

The Council actively seeks to promote business in Spelthorne including through its leadership role within the Spelthorne Business Forum. As part of its desire to increase awareness of the Borough as a place to visit and work it was instrumental in the recent change of name from Staines to Staines-upon-Thames.

82 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

iii. Organisations covering a wider area

The key business organisations in the wider area are Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs). These were established by the Government from autumn 2010 to replace a previous structure of Regional Development Agencies. LEPs are being increasingly used by the Government as the bodies to deliver local economic growth and to which to devolve funding to support this national priority.

Spelthorne is a member of the M3 LEP (EM3) which covers West Surrey and a large part of Hampshire. All of the London local authorities are in a single LEP. East Surrey authorities are part of the Coast to Capital LEP (C2C). The following map shows the geographic extent of LEPs in this part of the South East.

This area is ranked as the most resilient Local Enterprise Partnership area in England. Spelthorne is recognised as the best connected Borough in the Partnership area. The Partnership adopted a ‘Strategy for Growth’42 in May 2013 which seeks to ‘drive prosperity in the M3 corridor’ and has a common vision for the area to become ‘the premier location in the country for enterprise and economic growth balanced with an excellent environment and quality of life’. In April 2013 it published a Commercial Property Market Study of the LEP area.

Map 7 Local Enterprise Partnerships

42 Enterprise M3, Strategy for Growth, May 2013.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 83 The Surrey County Council economic development team work in partnership between the County Council and 11 districts and the private sector to stimulate growth across the county. SCC provides a unified voice for Surrey and champions the county with the Government.

Surrey County Council seeks to position Surrey as a world class economy and shape ‘a county where knowledge, creativity and innovation drive economic growth to bring prosperity and quality of life for all’.43 Specifically it seeks to foster ‘smart economic growth’ which brings innovation and jobs but also maintains the things that make Surrey an attractive location to live and work. It also assists in representing Surrey in the EM3 and C2C LEPs – a role that is welcomed by both of these bodies.

84 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 7. Summary and Analysis

Introduction

This assessment has set out to present a ‘picture’ of what the economy of Spelthorne is like and two key features have emerged.

Firstly, Spelthorne has significant strengths with a large business base and a wide range of business sectors represented, including a significant presence of businesses of national and international renown. This is further strengthened by its proximity to Heathrow Airport and its good communication links to London and the rest of the UK. It has a significant retail sector which is focussed on largely meeting the needs of local residents.

Secondly, whilst unemployment levels are very low in regional terms and there are high levels of economic activity in the local labour market, the skill levels and consequently incomes are well below average for the wider area. Therefore the economic contribution of residents to the local economy through their disposable income fails to fully capture the benefits of the Borough’s diverse business base. This is a constraint on the scope for further local economic growth.

This section examines in more detail the findings of this assessment.

Business Structure

There is 806,629m2 of office, industrial/warehouse and retail floorspace in the Borough which is spread among approximately 1,825 business premises. There are a further 278 premises such as schools, health centres and other public services, vehicle repairs and miscellaneous uses which provide significant amounts of employment. Nevertheless, there are over 5,365 businesses in the Borough registered for VAT/PAYE. This suggests that many are being run from home or not from any specific premises.

Total office floorspace is 213,928m2 and is just over 25% of all business floorspace. Over 40% of office users occupy premises of 49m2 or less. Only four offices are larger than 5,000m2 but represent about 35% of the total office floorspace. Office space is quite widely spread between town centres, other commercial areas and stand-alone sites. There are also several serviced business centres offering office space in particular and geared for small businesses.

Industrial and warehouse premises represent the largest floorspace type with some 386,682m2 in the Borough. This floorspace is concentrated mainly in defined industrial estates and areas. Shepperton Studios is by far the largest single business with 15% of all industrial and warehouse floorspace in the Borough. The greatest number of industrial and warehouse units are in the size range of 50m2 to 1000m2.

Much of the 206,020 m2 of retail floor space is either located within existing shopping centres or in the two Tesco superstores at Sunbury Cross and Ashford Hospital. Whilst the catchment area of Staines Town Centre includes areas outside the Borough to the west in Berkshire and south into Runnymede, the other centres primarily serve local needs. The economic prospects of the retail sector as a whole is largely dependent on local levels of disposable income.

In the areas immediately adjoining the Borough there is further significant amounts of business floorspace. This includes Heathrow Airport, Poyle Trading Estate and the Causeway, Staines which is on the south side of the River Thames in the Borough of Runnymede. Heathrow in particular makes a significant and positive economic impact

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 85 on the wider area. Generally Spelthorne and this wider area has historically been the focus of considerable growth pressures.

Of the 5,365 VAT/PAYE registered businesses in the Borough over 76% employ 4 or less people which corresponds with the large proportion of smaller business premises. As would be expected, the few very large businesses employ a significant proportion of those working in the Borough.

The Borough’s four main centres of Staines, Ashford, Sunbury and Shepperton provide a particular focus for retail, business and other services. Staines is by far the largest and is an important town in the sub-region.

Job vacancies in the Borough are generally increasing and there were over 700 in November 2012. The greater proportion of available jobs, however, were for the lower skilled and in the banking and finance sectors.

Economic Performance

The biggest employers in the Borough and the wider area are BP at Sunbury, Shepperton Studios and Heathrow Airport, each of which is in sectors of the national economy that are strong.

In terms of the UK Index of Competitiveness the Borough is in the top quartile nationally and is in one of the most economically buoyant areas of the UK. However, it is let down by poorer labour-force skills.

Levels of vacant business floorspace are at around 4%. This is not particularly high and in comparison to the 2013 rate provides less flexibility but does provide some capacity for further business growth. There is planning permission for a significant amount of additional business floorspace. Within the construction sector there is also planning permission for just under 900 new homes representing more than 5 years of house building supply.

The scope for business growth from both vacant premises and the implementation of sites with planning permission and other proposals equates to around 3,520 jobs. This exceeds by five-fold the number of those who are unemployed locally (424 in August 2016) and the projected growth in the local labour force of 1,300 by 2026. If this growth potential was realised it would lead to additional in-commuting.

In comparison with other adjoining authorities the proportion of small businesses appears slightly smaller. This may in part be explained by the amount of employment otherwise provided by several very large employers. There is no evidence to suggest that the Borough is less successful as a whole in enabling small businesses to operate. Indeed the latest evidence on business start-ups shows that despite the continuing recession there is now a net growth in small businesses.

Some 62% of businesses generate a turnover between £50,000 and £250,000 with 8% generating more than £1 million.

Employment

Although Spelthorne has a high number of people in both full time and part time work it also has more people, as a proportion, in lesser skilled jobs. This appears to be connected to the lower levels of educational attainment in the Borough. The ONS questioned people about their highest level of qualification and reveals the percentage of Spelthorne residents with no qualifications is 7.4% meaning that the borough lags behind the average for Surrey and the South East as a whole. When comparing those

86 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

with degrees Spelthorne is the worst performing area below the average for Great Britain.

Educational attainment appears to be reflected in lower incomes. Whilst the buoyancy of the economy in the wider area means incomes locally are higher than the South East and England as a whole, some adjoining areas do much better. The Surrey average income for example is more than 37% higher, an increase of 7% since the 2013 LEA. The average in those authorities immediately adjoining the Borough is similar to Surrey. The relatively lower incomes in Spelthorne may in part explain the higher proportion of people who have to be in full time work and are economically active generally.

In 2013 8.3% of the total workforce worked at Heathrow Airport however this has fallen to 6.9%.

The lower levels of educational attainment, lower total incomes and high levels of out- commuting may suggest that residents are failing to secure the proportion of better paid local jobs than they might. This is despite what is a substantial and varied local business base. Lower skill levels have implications for any economic benefits to be derived from new businesses coming into the Borough.

Unemployment is low with those on Job Seekers Allowance (JSA) at 0.7% in July 2016. However, this is still above the average in Surrey and some adjoining authorities. There are generally more 16 to 24 year olds on JSA than most comparison areas. In the Surrey context Spelthorne has significantly more 16-18 year olds not in education, employment or training. The lower levels of educational attainment and less chance of effectively competing in the job market may go a long way to explain this relative unemployment position.

Along with the slightly higher levels of unemployment there are also slightly higher proportions of people on other key unemployment benefits including those relating to health and incapacity. These levels are higher than the South East average. Census information also shows a higher proportion of Spelthorne residents having poorer levels of health than many adjoining areas.

The issues of poorer levels of educational attainment, slightly higher levels of unemployment, greater numbers on other benefits and generally more people indicating poorer health have obvious social and economic implications for those individuals. It also represents a loss of economic potential for the local economy.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016 87

Appendices

88 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment 2016

Table A1 Employment Floorspace in Spelthorne 2000 to 2012 – March 2012

Employment 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Use

Thousand M2

Industry/Warehousing 425 427 422 398 343 390 392 392 372 379 316 313 313

Offices 156 167 165 172 173 187 187 175 169 166 161 160 153

Retail 175 181 184 187 186 187 185 188 188 187 184 185 191

Other 113 114 113 113 109 110 111 111 111 111 165 166 165

Total 869 889 884 870 811 874 875 866 840 843 826 824 822

Source: Valuation Office2012

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 89 Table A2 Business floorspace – March 2012

Authority Office Industry Retail Other Total

Thousand M2

Spelthorne 153 313 191 165 822

Adjoining authorities:

Elmbridge 267 335 256 93 951

Runnymede 291 224 109 54 678

Slough 503 1,042 297 48 1,890

Windsor & Maidenhead 430 313 264 155 1,162

Hillingdon 664 1,080 435 111 2,290

Hounslow 756 1,163 430 195 2,544

Richmond 300 176 320 134 930

Surrey authorities:

Epsom & Ewell 95 86 133 41 355

Guildford 323 373 320 148 1,164

Mole Valley 269 199 132 79 679

Reigate & Banstead 311 295 196 83 885

Surrey Heath 205 323 161 55 744

Tandridge 70 202 117 84 473

Waverley 152 268 229 98 747

Woking 245 323 190 60 818

Source: Valuation Office, March 2012

90 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A3 Total business floorspace per hectare of Local Authority area 2012 Area Total Business Floorspace per Authority (hectare) Floorspace hectare Spelthorne 4,488 822,000 183.2

Adjoining authorities:

Elmbridge 9,560 951,000 99.5

Runnymede 7,804 678,000 86.9

Slough 3,254 1,890,000 580.8

Windsor & Maidenhead 19,651 1,162,000 59.1

Hillingdon 11,570 2,290,000 197.9

Hounslow 5,599 2,544,000 454.4

Richmond 5,742 930,000 162.0

Surrey authorities:

Epsom & Ewell 3,407 355,000 104.2

Guildford 27,093 1,164,000 43.0

Mole Valley 25,832 679,000 26.3

Reigate & Banstead 12,913 885,000 68.5

Surrey Heath 9,509 744,000 78.2

Tandridge 24,819 473,000 19.1

Waverley 34,517 747,000 21.6

Woking 6,360 818,000 128.6

Source: Valuation Office, March 2012

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 91 Table A4 Total44 business floorspace per economically active population 2012 Total Business Floorspace per Authority Population Floorspace head Spelthorne 69,916 822,000 11.76

Adjoining authorities:

Elmbridge 92,027 951,000 10.33

Runnymede 59,793 678,000 11.34

Slough 100,458 1,890,000 18.81

Windsor & Maidenhead 104,247 1,162,000 11.15

Hillingdon 199,926 2,290,000 11.45

Hounslow 190,157 2,544,000 13.44

Richmond 137,779 930,000 6.75

Surrey authorities:

Epsom & Ewell 54,170 355,000 6.55

Guildford 102,054 1,164,000 11.41

Mole Valley 60,778 679,000 11.17

Reigate & Banstead 99,173 885,000 8.92

Surrey Heath 62,565 744,000 11.89

Tandridge 59,457 473,000 4.23

Waverley 85,617 747,000 8.72

Woking 71,722 818,000 11.41

Source: Valuation Office, March 2012

44 Total floorspace includes offices, industry/warehousing, retail and ‘other’ categories based on Valuation Office definitions. There are various forms of employment floorspace that the Valuation Office excludes from the above categories.

92 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A5 Location of business floorspace in Spelthorne 2013

Offices Industry & Warehousing Number of premises Total Floorspace Number of premises Total Floorspace Staines Town Centre 163 40,430 26 5,492 London Road 72 23,510 8 17,547 Rest of Staines 38 17,406 42 17,604 Ashford Town Centre 62 7,223 5 2,199 Littleton/Ashford Road 27 5,335 29 14,521 Rest of Ashford 35 2,393 71 23,851 Sunbury Town Centre 20 16,147 - - BP 1 51,252 - - Windmill Road 42 14,566 62 93,747 Hanworth Road 3 11,195 22 44,515 Rest of Sunbury 22 4,596 15 11,607 Shepperton Town Centre 12 670 6 888 Business Park 11 3,397 28 13,898 Shepperton Studios - - 1 59,249 Rest of Shepperton 7 983 97 20,369 Stanwell Northumberland Close 1 272 20 48,695 Rest of Stanwell 14 986 18 10,135

Source: Valuation Office 2012/Spelthorne Borough Council 2013

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 93 Table A6 Number of businesses by broad industry group (%)

Authority

entertainment, entertainment,

Agriculture, Agriculture, forestry & fishing Production Construction Motor trades Wholesale Retail Transport & storage (inc postal) Accommodation food services & Information communication and Finance & Insurance Property Professional scientific & technical Business administration support Public & defence admin & Education Health Arts, recreationetc. Spelthorne 0.3 1.0 11.6 2.8 3.9 8.1 12.9 4.9 13.0 1.5 2.4 14.5 8.9 0.4 1.7 3.4 5.7 Adjoining

authorities: Elmbridge 0.5 2.9 8.0 1.5 3.8 7.0 1.9 4.2 12.5 2.3 4.0 27.0 9.7 0.1 2.0 4.2 8.4 Runnymede 1.0 4.7 11.6 3.5 5.2 6.2 3.6 5.5 11.6 1.9 3.7 18.3 9.5 0.2 2.3 4.5 6.8 Slough 0.2 4.8 7.9 3.2 5.7 8.7 10.0 4.5 16.7 1.9 2.3 13.6 8.2 0.3 1.9 5.8 4.4 Windsor & 0.8 3.8 7.6 2.0 4.2 7.4 2.3 5.1 13.1 2.1 3.5 24.3 9.8 0.3 2.5 4.6 6.6 Maidenhead Hillingdon 0.2 4.0 12.3 2.6 4.8 9.3 7.3 5.8 11.9 1.8 3.2 15.2 8.8 0.3 1.8 5.0 5.5 Hounslow 0.1 2.7 8.4 2.2 4.9 8.2 5.8 4.8 18.0 1.5 3.2 17.5 9.1 0.3 1.8 4.9 6.8 Richmond 0.1 2.4 5.6 0.9 2.8 7.6 1.2 4.8 15.4 1.7 3.6 28.3 8.8 0.1 2.3 4.9 9.5 Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 0.1 2.2 12.7 2.2 3.8 7.6 2.1 4.9 11.7 2.0 3.2 22.8 10.1 0.4 2.1 5.3 6.8 Guildford 2.2 5.1 15.6 3.7 5.3 12.4 2.3 6.9 16.4 3.6 5.0 33.4 12.7 1.1 3.6 6.7 9.8 Mole Valley 2.2 3.9 10.6 2.7 3.9 7.0 1.7 4.4 10.9 2.7 3.6 23.1 9.0 0.4 2.2 4.7 7.2 Reigate & Banstead 1.0 3.6 13.4 2.4 3.5 7.6 2.6 4.7 10.2 3.2 3.1 20.3 9.3 0.5 2.2 6.4 6.3 Surrey Heath 0.8 4.5 10.1 3.1 4.0 8.0 2.3 5.2 12.2 2.1 3.0 21.2 9.4 0.4 2.1 4.5 7.0 Tandridge 3.0 4.2 14.7 2.6 3.9 6.5 2.4 4.2 9.0 2.2 3.5 20.1 9.4 0.6 2.2 4.8 6.8 Waverley 2.2 3.7 9.5 2.0 3.0 7.1 1.3 4.5 10.5 5.5 4.6 24.0 8.4 0.3 2.3 3.7 7.4 Woking 0.4 3.9 8.3 2.5 3.5 7.4 2.5 5.0 15.3 2.4 2.9 23.0 8.5 0.4 1.9 5.4 6.8

Source: ONS October 2016

94 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A7 Number of businesses by employment size (%)

Authority 0-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+

Spelthorne 76.3 11.1 6.2 3.5 1.9 0.8 0.1 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 79.2 10.4 5.1 3.3 1.1 0.6 0.3 Runnymede 74.3 11.9 5.9 4.2 1.7 1.2 0.7 Slough 73.5 10.5 6.9 4.9 2.2 1.4 0.7 Windsor & Maidenhead 76.6 10.6 6.2 4.1 1.3 0.8 0.3 Hillingdon 73.8 10.9 6.6 4.7 2.0 1.3 0.7 Hounslow 76.8 10.6 5.9 3.6 1.7 0.9 0.5 Richmond 80.8 9.3 5.4 2.9 1.0 0.4 0.2 Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 77.3 10.7 6.3 3.4 1.1 0.7 0.4 Guildford 72.3 12.5 7.5 5.1 1.6 0.7 0.3 Mole Valley 75.9 11.3 6.2 4.2 1.3 0.8 0.3 Reigate & Banstead 75.7 11.1 6.7 4.0 1.4 0.7 0.4 Surrey Heath 74.9 11.3 6.9 4.4 1.2 0.9 0.5 Tandridge 77.9 10.6 6.3 3.6 1.0 0.6 0.1 Waverley 77.0 11.7 6.2 3.4 1.0 0.6 0.2 Woking 74.3 11.6 6.8 4.5 1.7 0.8 0.4

Source: ONS October 2016 NB: Due to confidentiality where the number of businesses is very few the published data reveals the figure as zero so as not to identify any particular company.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 95 Table A8 Businesses by age (%)

Age of business

Authority Less than 2 years 2-3 years 4-9 years 10 or more years Spelthorne 22.9 20.3 24.7 32.2 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 21.2 15.6 26.1 37.0 Runnymede 18.4 14.0 26.0 41.6 Slough 28.2 19.2 24.5 28.2 Windsor & Maidenhead 20.9 15.7 25.7 37.8 Hillingdon 25.7 17.5 25.7 31.1 Hounslow 27.3 19.6 25.3 27.8 Richmond 23.0 16.4 26.6 34.0 Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 22.7 14.9 27.3 35.1 Guildford 18.2 14.1 25.8 41.8 Mole Valley 15.3 13.8 25.3 45.7 Reigate & Banstead 20.8 14.7 26.7 37.8 Surrey Heath 19.5 16.1 26.5 37.9 Tandridge 17.8 13.9 25.1 43.2 Waverley 18.3 12.4 15.1 19.7 Woking 22.1 15.0 25.7 37.3 Other: Surrey 19.6 15.1 25.9 39.4 South East 19.6 14.4 25.0 41.1 England 20.9 14.7 24.1 40.4

Source: ONS March 2015

96 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A9 Businesses by turnover (%)

Turnover size (£ thousand)

Authority 0-49 50-99 100-249 250-499 500-999 1,000-4,999 5,000+ Spelthorne 13.6 30.6 31.4 10.1 6.1 5.8 2.4 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 16.2 22.7 35.5 11.5 6.1 6.0 2.0 Runnymede 14.7 22.9 32.5 10.8 6.8 8.1 4.2 Slough 15.0 26.3 21.1 10.0 6.0 7.2 4.5 Windsor & Maidenhead 15.7 23.2 33.5 11.6 6.5 6.7 2.8 Hillingdon 13.9 26.6 32.7 10.6 6.2 6.8 3.2 Hounslow 14.8 26.4 33.7 10.3 5.7 6.0 3.0 Richmond 16.0 25.3 35.9 10.7 5.5 5.0 1.5 Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 13.3 25.8 36.7 10.8 5.9 6.0 1.5 Guildford 15.4 21.7 33.4 12.2 6.8 7.8 2.5 Mole Valley 16.5 21.5 33.5 12.2 7.0 7.3 2.0 Reigate & Banstead 14.5 24.4 34.9 11.7 6.3 6.2 1.8 Surrey Heath 15.0 24.3 24.1 10.6 6.6 7.2 2.2 Tandridge 15.3 22.4 34.7 12.1 7.0 6.9 1.6 Waverley 19.0 21.9 32.5 12.0 6.8 6.1 1.8 Woking 14.9 25.2 34.3 10.8 6.0 6.2 2.5 Other: Surrey 15.6 23.6 33.9 11.5 6.5 6.7 2.2 South East 16.1 24.0 32.3 11.9 6.9 6.7 2.2

Source: ONS October 2016

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 97 Table A10 Number of ‘births’ of new businesses for 2009-2011

Authority 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Spelthorne 450 450 695 665 825 820 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 850 895 980 975 1,235 1,255 Runnymede 405 400 465 490 530 500 Slough 575 625 765 795 1,000 930 Windsor & 860 990 1,020 1,090 1,220 1,300 Maidenhead Hillingdon 1,230 1,190 1,520 1,495 1,920 2,075 Hounslow 1,310 1,415 1,885 1,820 2,210 2,320 Richmond 1,400 1,400 1,500 1,595 1,930 1,985 Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 365 355 375 360 505 490 Guildford 705 685 735 785 845 890 Mole Valley 470 475 510 550 605 560 Reigate & Banstead 680 700 730 690 900 975 Surrey Heath 500 475 590 555 610 615 Tandridge 430 470 490 485 615 590 Waverley 710 800 960 1,060 1,010 960 Woking 510 475 620 565 695 745 Other: Surrey 6,075 6,180 7,150 7,180 8,375 8,400 South East 36,320 36,910 40,775 41,245 50,895 51,280 England 209,035 207,520 232,460 239,975 308,770 313,200

Source: ONS, published 24 November 2015

98 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A11 Number of ‘deaths’ of businesses for 2009-2011

Authority 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Spelthorne 495 510 390 445 395 510 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 925 820 820 850 825 865 Runnymede 475 425 385 410 430 355 Slough 605 590 480 580 535 670 Windsor & 1,035 820 795 970 815 860 Maidenhead Hillingdon 1,295 1,125 1,030 1,265 1,215 1,245 Hounslow 1,320 1,210 1,000 1,205 1,250 1,285 Richmond 1,380 1,230 1,270 1,275 1,225 1,255 Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 360 335 305 320 335 360 Guildford 780 720 620 725 670 620 Mole Valley 555 460 435 465 460 445 Reigate & Banstead 735 680 605 685 625 640 Surrey Heath 515 455 460 485 460 415 Tandridge 445 435 405 455 420 410 Waverley 780 825 845 1,195 925 705 Woking 510 495 440 500 450 475 Other: Surrey 6,575 6,160 5,710 6,535 5,995 5,800 South East 42,550 38,285 35,855 39,000 39,795 36,765 England 247,150 219,030 202,365 221,780 209,525 217,175

Source: ONS, published 24 November 2015

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 99 Table A12 Population comparison

2011 2016 % change Spelthorne 95,598 98,500 3.0% Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 130,875 132,700 1.4% Runnymede 80,510 85,600 6.3% Slough 140,205 145,700 3.9% Windsor & Maidenhead 144,560 147,700 2.1% Hillingdon 273,936 297,700 8.7% Hounslow 253,957 268,800 5.8% Richmond upon Thames 186,990 194,700 4.1% Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 75,102 79,000 5.1% Guildford 137,183 146,100 6.5% Mole Valley 85,375 86,100 0.8% Reigate & Banstead 137,835 144,100 4.5% Surrey Heath 86,144 88,100 2.3% Tandridge 82,998 86,000 3.6% Waverley 121,572 123,300 1.4% Woking 99,198 99,400 0.2%

Source: Census 2011/ONS Subpopulation Projections 2014

100 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A13 Spelthorne population – age profile 2011 by 5 year % change Age range 2011 grouped 2001 grouped age bands 2001-2011 0-4 6,017 5-9 5,165 16,357 16,099 +1.6% 10-14 5,175 15-19 5,396 10,575 10,415 +1.5% 20-24 5,179 25-29 5,940 30-34 6,605 26,640 27,955 -4.7% 35-39 6,653 40-44 7,442 45-49 7,845 50-54 6,471 25,346 22,095 +14.7% 55-59 5,419 60-64 5,611 65-69 4,537 8,507 8,229 +3.4% 70-74 3,970 75-79 3,332 5,841 5,155 +13.3% 80-84 2,509 85-89 1,547 2,332 1,673 +39.4% 90+ 785

Source: Census 2011

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 101 Table A14 Population – age group percentages Total population 0-4 5-14 15-19 20-44 44-64 65-84 85+ in 2011 Number % % % % % % % Spelthorne 95,598 6.3 10.8 5.7 34.3 26.5 15.0 2.4 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 130,875 7.2 13.0 5.5 31.1 26.9 13.7 2.8 Runnymede 80,510 6.0 10.2 6.7 35.1 25.2 14.2 2.6 Slough 140,205 9.1 13.6 6.2 42.3 20.1 7.9 1.2 Windsor & Maidenhead 144,560 6.5 12.0 5.8 33.1 24.9 14.2 2.5 Hillingdon 273,936 7.2 12.3 6.9 37.9 22.7 10.9 1.7 Hounslow 253,957 7.8 11.4 5.8 43.1 21.4 9.2 1.3 Richmond upon Thames 186,990 7.5 11.2 4.9 38.0 24.9 11.4 2.1 Other Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 75,102 6.2 12.2 6.2 32.1 26.6 14.2 2.6 Guildford 137,183 5.9 10.9 6.5 36.0 25.1 13.2 2.4 Mole Valley 85,375 5.4 11.8 5.9 27.5 28.8 17.6 3.1 Reigate & Banstead 137,835 6.6 11.8 5.6 33.1 26.3 13.7 2.8 Surrey Heath 86,144 6.0 12.3 6.0 31.5 27.6 14.6 2.1 Tandridge 82,998 5.9 12.2 6.0 29.1 28.4 15.7 2.8 Waverley 121,572 6.0 12.4 6.5 28.3 27.2 16.4 3.1 Woking 99,198 7.3 11.7 5.4 45.7 25.0 12.6 2.3 National & Regional: Surrey 1,132,390 6.3 11.8 6.0 32.1 26.6 14.5 2.7 South East 8,634,750 6.2 11.6 6.2 32.7 26.1 14.6 2.5 England 53,012,456 6.3 11.4 6.3 34.3 25.4 14.1 2.3

Source: Census Table KS102EW

102 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A15 Economically active Economically Economically Economically Economically Economically Total population active: active: active: active: active: aged 16-74 Employee: Employee: Self-employed Unemployed Full-time student Part-time Full-time Persons Number Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Spelthorne 69,916 13.3 46.4 10.0 3.3 2.5 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 92,027 11.9 41.8 14.7 2.7 2.3 Runnymede 59,793 12.1 41.3 10.7 2.7 4.8 Slough 100,458 11.8 43.4 8.9 5.4 3.9 Windsor & Maidenhead 104,247 12.2 44.4 12.4 3.2 2.3 Hillingdon 199,926 11.9 40.4 9.3 4.3 4.8 Hounslow 190,157 10.8 41.9 10.7 4.6 4.4 Richmond upon Thames 137,779 10.3 44.6 14.9 3.0 2.7 Other Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 54,170 13.7 41.9 11.7 2.7 3.5 Guildford 102,054 12.2 41.1 11.3 2.7 4.9 Mole Valley 60,778 13.9 39.2 14.7 2.5 2.4 Reigate & Banstead 99,173 13.5 44.0 12.3 2.9 2.5 Surrey Heath 62,565 13.6 44.2 11.8 2.8 2.9 Tandridge 59,457 13.5 40.7 14.2 2.8 2.2 Waverley 85,617 13.6 38.6 14.5 2.4 2.9 Woking 71,722 12.5 45.1 11.5 3.2 3.0 National & Regional: Surrey 817,272 13.0 42.2 12.5 2.8 3.1 South East 6,274,341 13.8 40.4 11.0 3.4 3.3 England 38,881.374 13.7 38.6 9.8 4.4 3.4

Source: Census Table KS601EW

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 103 Table A16 Economically inactive Total population Economically Economically Economically Economically Economically aged 16-74 inactive: inactive: inactive: inactive: inactive: Retired Student (inc full- Looking after Long-term sick or Other time students) home or family disabled Persons Number Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Spelthorne 69,916 13.3 3.2 3.9 2.3 1.8 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 92,027 12.2 4.5 6.4 1.8 1.8 Runnymede 59,793 11.9 9.2 3.9 1.9 1.5 Slough 100,458 7.5 5.8 6.5 3.4 3.4 Windsor & Maidenhead 104,247 12.8 4.4 4.8 1.8 1.7 Hillingdon 199,926 10.2 8.4 5.2 2.9 2.5 Hounslow 190,157 8.3 6.7 5.9 3.4 3.2 Richmond upon Thames 137,779 10.0 5.4 5.1 2.0 2.0 Other Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 54,170 13.4 5.1 4.2 2.1 1.6 Guildford 102,054 11.3 8.5 4.4 1.9 1.7 Mole Valley 60,778 15.7 3.8 4.4 2.1 1.4 Reigate & Banstead 99,173 12.4 3.5 4.4 2.3 2.1 Surrey Heath 62,565 13.5 3.5 4.4 1.7 1.8 Tandridge 59,457 14.1 4.3 4.3 2.2 1.6 Waverley 85,617 14.3 5.1 4.9 2.1 1.5 Woking 71,722 11.5 3.6 5.5 2.3 1.8 National & Regional: Surrey 817,272 12.9 5.0 4.7 2.0 1.7 South East 6,274,341 13.7 5.2 4.4 2.9 1.8 England 38,881.374 13.7 5.8 4.4 4.0 2.2

Source: Census Table KS601EW

104 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A17 Ethnic Groups Total White Other White Mixed/ Asian/ Asian/ Other Asian/ Black/ Other Population British multiple Asian Asian Asian African/ ethnic British: British: British: Caribbean/

Indian Pakistani Bangladeshi, Black British Chinese, Other Asian Persons No Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Spelthorne 95,598 81.0 6.3 2.4 4.2 0.7 2.7 1.6 0.9 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 130,875 79.9 10.4 2.7 1.9 0.4 3.1 0.8 1.0 Runnymede 80,510 80.0 9.0 2.1 2.5 0.5 4.0 1.0 1.0 Slough 140,205 34.5 11.2 3.4 15.6 17.7 6.4 8.6 2.6 Windsor & Maidenhead 144,560 77.5 8.6 2.3 4.1 2.9 2.6 1.1 0.8 Hillingdon 273,936 52.2 8.4 3.8 13.4 3.4 8.6 7.3 3.0 Hounslow 253,957 37.9 13.5 4.1 19.0 5.4 10.0 6.5 3.5 Richmond upon Thames 186,990 71.4 14.5 3.6 2.8 0.6 3.9 1.5 1.6 Other Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 75,102 78.6 7.3 2.5 2.4 0.9 5.3 1.5 1.4 Guildford 137,183 83.5 7.5 1.8 1.2 0.4 3.3 1.1 1.3 Mole Valley 85,375 90.1 4.9 1.4 0.8 0.2 1.5 0.5 0.5 Reigate & Banstead 137,835 85.0 5.6 2.2 1.6 0.9 2.7 1.6 0.6 Surrey Heath 86,144 84.9 5.3 1.9 2.0 0.8 3.4 1.0 0.7 Tandridge 82,998 89.3 4.5 2.1 0.9 0.2 1.5 1.0 0.4 Waverley 121,572 90.6 5.3 1.3 0.4 0.2 1.2 0.4 0.3 Woking 99,198 74.9 8.7 2.4 2.3 5.7 3.5 1.4 1.1 National & Regional: Surrey 1,132,390 83.5 6.8 2.1 1.8 1.0 2.8 1.1 0.9 South East 8,634,750 85.2 5.5 2.0 1.8 1.1 2.3 1.6 0.6 England 53,012,456 79.8 5.7 2.2 2.6 2.1 3.0 3.4 1.0

Source: Census Table KS201EW

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 105 Table A18 Country of birth Total UK Ireland Other EU: Other EU: Other countries Population England, N. Member countries Accession

Ireland, Scotland & in March 2011 countries April Wales 2001-March 2011 Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Spelthorne 95,598 85.9 1.1 1.7 1.9 9.4 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 130,875 81.7 1.1 3.1 1.7 12.4 Runnymede 80,510 83.1 1.0 3.0 1.8 11.1 Slough 140,205 61.0 1.0 2.2 7.0 28.7 Windsor & Maidenhead 144,560 82.6 1.1 3.0 1.9 11.4 Hillingdon 273,936 70.0 1.6 2.3 2.9 23.2 Hounslow 253,957 56.6 1.4 2.9 6.0 32.9 Richmond upon Thames 186,990 75.7 1.8 4.5 2.3 15.7 Other Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 75,102 83.7 1.1 2.5 1.3 11.3 Guildford 137,183 83.6 0.7 2.8 1.9 10.1 Mole Valley 85,375 90.0 0.7 1.7 1.1 6.4 Reigate & Banstead 137,835 87.9 0.9 1.9 1.4 8.0 Surrey Heath 86,144 86.7 0.8 2.1 1.1 9.2 Tandridge 82,998 91.3 0.8 1.4 0.8 5.7 Waverley 121,572 88.4 0.7 2.2 1,2 6.6 Woking 99,198 80.2 0.9 3.3 2.0 13.7 National & Regional: Surrey 1,132,390 85.8 0.9 2.4 1.5 9.5 South East 8,634,750 87.9 0.7 1.9 1.8 7.7 England 53,012,456 86.2 0.7 1.7 2.0 9.4

Source: Census Table KS204EW

106 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A19 Qualifications Residents aged 16 and over No Level 1: 1-4 Level 2: Apprentice- Level 3: Level 4: Vocational, qualifications GCSEs or 5+ GCSEs A*-C ship 2+ A levels or Degree or foreign or not equivalent, or equivalent equivalent equivalent or specified NVQ level 1 higher Persons Number Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % 2011 2001 2011 2001 2011 2001 2011 2001 2011 2011 2001 2011 2001 2011 2001 Spelthorne 78,089 66,451 20.4 24.9 16.1 18.9 16.1 22.4 3.9 11.4 8.0 25.9 18.7 6.2 7.2 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 103,005 86,527 13.2 16.8 10.1 12.9 13.9 20.6 2.2 11.1 10.8 43.9 33.7 5.6 5.2 Runnymede 66,653 58,112 18.3 22.0 12.7 15.6 14.4 19.7 3.4 15.1 13.5 29.9 22.8 6.1 6.3 Slough 106,645 86,242 20.1 28.1 14.7 17.9 13.4 20.1 2.2 10.1 8.3 25.8 19.7 13.7 5.9 Windsor & Maidenhead 115,900 97,555 15.6 19.4 11.6 13.7 14.4 21.3 3.0 11.2 9.3 38.4 30.4 5.8 5.9 Hillingdon 217,043 175,645 19.1 25.0 14.0 18.0 14.2 20.9 2.9 12.5 9.6 28.0 20.0 9.2 6.5 Hounslow 202,424 157,406 17.3 24.0 11.7 14.5 11.5 17.7 1.7 9.8 9.8 34.6 28.4 13.4 5.6 Richmond upon Thames 150,052 127,541 10.6 13.6 7.4 9.4 10.6 16.3 1.5 10.6 11.4 53.0 45.1 6.2 4.1 Other Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 60,371 48,482 15.8 19.8 12.2 15.4 15.7 21.7 2.9 12.1 9.3 36.0 27.1 5.3 6.7 Guildford 112,589 96,928 14.2 18.3 10.7 13.9 13.5 19.7 2.8 14.2 11.5 39.5 30.6 5.1 6.0 Mole Valley 69,580 57,527 16.0 19.0 11.7 14.3 16.1 22.3 2.8 11.3 9.7 37.9 28.2 4.2 6.5 Reigate & Banstead 110,725 90,991 16.6 20.1 13.2 16.6 16.6 22.7 2.9 12.0 9.4 34.0 24.6 4.8 6.7 Surrey Heath 69,302 59,079 15.9 18.3 13.5 16.1 16.3 22.9 3.5 12.2 9.5 34.5 26.9 5.1 6.4 Tandridge 66,922 56,711 17.1 20.8 13.4 16.6 17.5 24.2 2.9 12.3 9.2 33.0 22.9 3.9 6.3 Waverley 97,478 82,834 15.2 18.4 10.3 13.5 15.1 21.7 2.9 12.2 10.3 40.1 30.1 4.1 6.0 Woking 79,185 64,984 15.2 19.6 12.0 15.4 14.3 21.1 2.6 11.3 9.3 38.4 28.9 6.3 5.7 National & Regional: Surrey 913,899 768,626 15.9 19.6 12.2 15.2 15.3 21.6 2.9 12.3 10.1 36.2 27.2 5.1 6.2 South East 6,992,666 5,766,307 19.1 23.9 13.5 17.1 15.9 21.2 3.6 12.8 9.2 29.9 21.7 5.2 6.8 England 42,989,620 35,532,091 22.5 28.9 13.3 16.6 15.2 19.4 3.6 12.4 8.3 27.4 19.9 5.7 6.9

Source: Census Table KS501EW & Population and Social Characteristics of Spelthorne, February 2005.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 107 No qualifications: No academic or professional qualifications. Level 1 qualifications: 1-4 O Levels/CSE/GCSEs (any grades), Entry Level, Foundation Diploma, NVQ level 1, Foundation GNVQ, Basic/Essential Skills. Level 2 qualifications: 5+ O Level (passes)/CSEs (Grade 1/GCSEs (Grades A*-C), School Certificate, 1 A Level/2-3 AS Levels/VCEs, Intermediate/Higher Diploma, Welsh Baccalaureate Intermediate Diploma, NVQ level 2, Intermediate GNVQ, City and Guilds Craft, BTEC First/General Diploma, RSA Diploma Apprenticeship. Level 3 Qualifications: 2+ A Levels/VCEs, 4+ AS Levels, Higher School Certificate, Progression/Advanced Diploma, Welsh Baccalaureate Advanced Diploma, NVQ Level 3, Advanced GNVQ, City and Guilds Advanced Craft, ONC, OND, BTEC National, RSA Advanced Diploma. Level 4+ Degree (for example BA, BSc), Higher Degree (e.g. MA, PhD, PGCE), NVQ Level 4-5, HNC, HND, RSA Higher qualifications: Diploma, BTEC Higher Level, Foundation degree (NI), Professional qualifications (e.g. teaching, nursing, accountancy). Other qualifications: Vocational/Work-related Qualifications, Foreign Qualifications (not stated/level unknown).

108 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A20 Qualifications – Ward level

All Level 1: 1-4 Level 2: Level 3: Level 4: Vocational, categories: No GCSEs or 5+ GCSEs Apprentice- 2+ A levels Degree or foreign or Highest qualifications equivalent, A*-C or ship or equivalent not level of NVQ level 1 equivalent equivalent or higher specified education

Persons no % % % % % % % Ashford Common 6,538 21.8 18.9 16.7 4.3 12.1 19.9 6.4 Ashford East 5,909 21.5 17.8 16.7 4.3 11.4 22.3 5.9 Ashford North & Stanwell South 6,482 22.4 17.8 16.0 3.2 10.5 22.8 7.4 Ashford Town 5,935 18.6 16.3 16.8 3.9 11.9 26.3 6.3 Halliford & Sunbury West 5,014 23.0 14.5 15.7 3.7 10.5 27.2 5.4 Laleham & Shepperton Green 6,521 19.4 16.5 17.2 4.6 12.7 25.1 4.5 Riverside & Laleham 5,589 16.4 14.2 17.1 4.2 11.9 30.7 5.4 Shepperton Town 5,689 17.5 13.6 16.8 4.8 12.0 30.7 4.6 Staines 6,513 14.5 12.4 13.7 2.7 10.7 38.1 7.9 Staines South 5,714 24.2 16.6 15.5 4.0 11.5 22.4 5.7 Stanwell North 6,216 26.5 19.9 15.3 3.8 9.7 16.8 8.0 Sunbury Common 6,392 23.6 16.9 16.2 3.8 10.9 21.6 7.0 Sunbury East 5,577 16.0 12.4 15.5 3.6 12.2 35.1 5.2

Source: ONS/nomis

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 109 Table A21 Unemployment claimant count trends by Local Authority Windsor & Richmond Spelthorne Elmbridge Runnymede Slough Hounslow Hillingdon Maidenhead upon Thames Date No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % Dec 11 1,345 2.2 1,152 1.4 853 1.6 1,804 2.0 3,329 3.5 5,346 3.0 5,190 2.8 2,001 1.6 Jan 12 1,376 2.2 1,212 1.5 910 1.7 1,889 2.1 3,388 3.6 5,230 3.0 5,354 2.9 2,021 1.6 Feb 12 1,388 2.3 1,242 1.5 930 1.8 1,913 2.1 3,465 3.7 5,397 3.1 5,535 3.0 2,080 1.7 Mar 12 1,407 2.3 1,272 1.6 930 1.8 1,862 2.0 3,439 3.7 5,368 3.0 5,472 3.0 2,030 1.6 Apr 12 1,301 2.1 1,168 1.4 850 1.6 1,806 2.0 3,422 3.6 5,066 2.9 5,299 2.9 1,956 1.6 May 12 1,260 2.0 1,144 1.4 850 1.6 1,735 1.9 3,359 3.6 4,979 2.8 5,213 2.9 1,907 1.5 Jun 12 1,242 2.0 1,097 1.3 859 1.6 1,686 1.8 3,360 3.6 4,814 2.7 5,023 2.7 1,837 1.5 Jul 12 1,213 2.0 1,075 1.3 819 1.5 1,685 1.8 3,305 3.5 4,851 2.8 5,063 2.8 1,865 1.5 Aug 12 1,172 1.9 1,089 1.3 825 1.6 1,688 1.8 3,366 3.6 4,820 2.7 4,999 2.7 1,849 1.5 Sep 12 1,222 2.0 1,075 1.3 813 1.5 1,678 1.8 3,337 3.5 4,881 2.8 4,957 2.7 1,885 1.5 Oct 12 1,232 2.0 1,120 1.4 789 1.5 1,698 1.8 3,363 3.6 4,968 2.8 4,993 2.7 1,954 1.6 Nov 12 1,184 1.9 1,113 1.4 776 1.5 1,722 1.9 3,392 3.6 4,968 2.8 4,896 2.7 1,989 1.6 Dec 12 1,160 1.9 1,075 1.3 777 1.5 1,703 1.8 3,356 3.6 4,909 2.8 4,811 2.6 1,935 1.5 Jan 13 1,224 2.0 1,151 1.4 808 1.5 1,730 1.9 3,486 3.7 5,024 2.9 4,924 2.7 1,990 1.6 Feb 13 1,290 2.1 1,186 1.5 824 1.6 1,791 1.9 3,554 3.8 5,132 2.9 5,169 2.8 2,074 1.7 Mar 13 1,241 2.0 1,166 1.4 809 1.5 1,773 1.9 3,485 3.7 5,167 2.9 5,192 2.8 2,054 1.6 Apr 13 1,185 1.9 1,096 1.3 763 1.4 1,712 1.9 3,333 3.5 5,035 2.9 4,983 2.7 2,032 1.6 May 13 1,141 1.9 1,058 1.3 729 1.4 1,630 1.8 3,260 3.5 4,880 2.8 4,850 2.7 1,945 1.6 Jun 13 1,065 1.7 965 1.2 708 1.3 1,585 1.7 3,138 3.3 4,743 2.7 4,562 2.5 1,876 1.5 Jul 13 1,038 1.7 946 1.2 682 1.3 1,544 1.7 3,079 3.3 4,703 2.7 4,542 2.5 1,859 1.5 Source: ONS

110 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A22 Unemployment Claimant Count Trends – Regional and National context Date Spelthorne Surrey South East London UK December 2011 2.2 1.7 2.5 4.1 3.8 January 2012 2.2 1.7 2.7 4.2 4.0 February 2012 2.3 1.8 2.8 4.2 4.1 March 2012 2.3 1.8 2.7 4.2 4.1 April 2012 2.1 1.7 2.6 4.1 4.0 May 2012 2.0 1.7 2.6 4.0 3.9 June 2012 2.0 1.7 2.5 3.9 3.8 July 2012 2.0 1.6 2.5 3.9 3.8 August 2012 1.9 1.6 2.5 3.9 3.8 September 2012 2.0 1.6 2.4 3.9 3.8 October 2012 2.0 1.6 2.4 4.0 3.8 November 2012 1.9 1.6 2.4 3.9 3.8 December 2012 1.9 1.5 2.4 3.9 3.7 January 2013 2.0 1.6 2.5 3.9 3.9 February 2013 2.1 1.6 2.6 4.0 3.9 March 2013 2.0 1.6 2.5 3.9 3.9 April 2013 1.9 1.5 2.4 3.9 3.8 May 2013 1.9 1.5 2.3 3.8 3.7 June 2013 1.7 1.4 2.2 3.6 3.5 July 2013 1.7 1.4 2.1 3.6 3.5 Source: ONS

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 111 Table A23 Unemployed by age and duration

Total population Unemployed: Unemployed: Unemployed: Long-term

aged 16-74 aged 16-24 aged 50-74 Never worked unemployed

Persons Persons Persons Persons Persons Number Number Number Number Number % % % % Spelthorne 69,916 626 0.9 514 0.7 289 0.4 833 1.2 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 92,027 521 0.6 660 0.7 229 0.2 941 1.0 Runnymede 59,793 389 0.7 433 0.7 176 0.3 640 1.1 Slough 100,458 1,303 1.3 865 0.9 1,014 1.0 2,121 2.1 Windsor & Maidenhead 104,247 802 0.8 768 0.7 361 0.3 1,243 1.2 Hillingdon 199,926 2,036 1.0 1,574 0.8 1,653 0.8 3,499 1.8 Hounslow 190,157 2,064 1.1 1,522 0.8 1,761 0.9 3,316 1.7 Richmond upon Thames 137,779 810 0.6 998 0.7 450 0.3 1,560 1.1 Other Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 54,170 371 0.7 345 0.6 138 0.3 526 1.0 Guildford 102,054 630 0.6 671 0.7 272 0.3 1,002 1.0 Mole Valley 60,778 407 0.7 381 0.6 164 0.3 574 0.9 Reigate & Banstead 99,173 758 0.8 674 0.7 341 0.3 1,057 1.1 Surrey Heath 62,565 489 0.8 416 0.7 206 0.3 604 1.0 Tandridge 59,457 453 0.8 446 0.8 192 0.3 617 1.0 Waverley 85,617 473 0.6 601 0.7 211 0.2 776 0.9 Woking 71,722 598 0.8 501 0.7 261 0.4 900 1.3 National & Regional: Surrey 817,272 5,715 0.7 5,642 0.7 2,479 0.3 8,470 1.0 South East 6,274,341 58,904 0.9 46,648 0.7 26,471 0.4 82,872 1.3 England 38,881.374 471,666 1.2 315,863 0.8 276,121 0.7 668,496 1.7

Source: Census Table KS601EW

112 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A24 Key benefit claimants as a proportion of resident population aged 16-64 Windsor South Spelthorne Elmbridge Runnymede Slough & Hillingdon Hounslow Richmond Surrey England East Maidenhead % % % % % % % % % % % Total 9.2 6.5 7.1 12.7 7.0 11.6 11.8 7.0 7.4 10.4 13.9 Claimants: By statistical group

Job seekers 2.1 1.5 1.5 3.7 1.9 2.8 2.9 1.7 1.6 2.5 3.8 Employment & support allowance 3.7 2.8 2.9 5.0 2.8 4.9 5.2 3.3 3.1 4.4 5.9 and incapacity benefits Lone 1.0 0.6 0.8 1.5 0.5 1.5 1.4 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.3 parents Carers 1.0 0.6 0.8 1.1 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.3 Others on income 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 related benefits Disabled 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1

Bereaved 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Key out of work 7.1 5.0 5.4 10.6 5.5 9.5 9.8 5.7 5.6 8.2 11.3 benefits† Source: DWP benefit claimants – working age client group, February 2013 †Key out of work benefits includes the groups: job seekers, ESA and incapacity benefits, lone parents and others on income related benefits.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 113 Table A25 General health

Very good Total population Good health Fair health Bad health Very bad health health Persons Number Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Spelthorne 95,598 48.0 35.8 12.0 3.2 0.9 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 130,875 56.5 31.0 9.4 2.5 0.7 Runnymede 80,510 51.3 34.1 10.9 2.9 0.7 Slough 140,205 47.9 36.0 11.6 3.5 1.0 Windsor & Maidenhead 144,560 54.5 32.2 9.8 2.7 0.7 Hillingdon 273,936 48.8 35.3 11.5 3.4 1.0 Hounslow 253,957 49.0 35.1 11.2 3.6 1.1 Richmond upon Thames 186,990 57.3 30.5 8.9 2.5 0.8 Other Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 75,102 52.2 33.8 10.6 2.7 0.7 Guildford 137,183 53.9 33.1 9.8 2.5 0.7 Mole Valley 85,375 51.5 33.7 11.3 2.9 0.7 Reigate & Banstead 137,835 51.5 34.0 10.8 2.8 0.8 Surrey Heath 86,144 53.5 33.3 10.0 2.5 0.7 Tandridge 82,998 50.5 34.4 11.4 2.9 0.9 Waverley 121,572 53.5 32.7 10.5 2.5 0.7 Woking 99,198 51.8 34.6 10.3 2.6 0.8 National & Regional: Surrey 1,132,390 52.4 33.6 10.6 2.7 0.8 South East 8,634,750 49.0 34.6 12.0 3.4 1.0 England 53,012,456 47.2 34.2 13.1 4.2 1.2

Source: ONS Census Table KS301EW

114 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A26 Activity Limitations Day to day Day to day Day to day Day to day Day to day Day to day Total population activities activities activities not activities activities activities not

limited a lot limited a little limited limited a lot: limited a little: limited: Age 16-64 Age 16-64 Age 16 to 64 Persons Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Persons % Number Spelthorne 95,598 6.4 8.5 85.1 2.3 3.8 58.2 Adjoining authorities: Elmbridge 130,875 5.1 7.0 87.9 1.7 2.9 57.7 Runnymede 80,510 5.9 8.0 86.1 2.0 3.5 60.6 Slough 140,205 6.1 7.3 86.6 3.1 4.4 59.5 Windsor & Maidenhead 144,560 5.5 7.2 87.3 1.8 3.0 58.7 Hillingdon 273,936 6.6 7.7 85.7 2.9 4.0 59.4 Hounslow 253,957 6.5 7.3 86.2 3.2 4.1 61.8 Richmond upon Thames 186,990 4.9 6.6 88.5 2.0 3.1 61.7 Other Surrey authorities: Epsom & Ewell 75,102 5.6 7.8 86.6 2.1 3.4 58.2 Guildford 137,183 5.2 7.4 87.4 1.9 3.4 61.2 Mole Valley 85,375 6.1 8.6 85.3 2.0 3.4 55.4 Reigate & Banstead 137,835 6.1 7.9 86.0 2.2 3.6 58.0 Surrey Heath 86,144 5.2 7.4 87.4 1.8 3.3 58.7 Tandridge 82,998 6.4 8.4 85.2 2.3 3.6 56.2 Waverley 121,572 5.7 8.1 86.1 1.8 3.2 55.5 Woking 99,198 5.5 7.5 87.0 2.1 3.5 59.2 National & Regional: Surrey 1,132,390 5.7 7.8 86.5 2.0 3.4 58.1 South East 8,634,750 6.9 8.8 84.3 2.7 4.1 57.0 England 53,012,456 8.3 9.3 82.4 3.6 4.6 56.5

Source: Census Table KS301EW

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 115 Table A27 Median annual house prices in Spelthorne by type of dwelling

Type of Dwelling Year Detached Semi-detached Terraced Flat/Maisonette

2006 £332,500 £249,950 £196,750 £165,000 2007 £350,000 £252,475 £211,475 £189,950 2008 £336,250 £274,975 £242,475 £176,500 2009 £250,000 £255,000 £200,000 £167,500 2010 £290,000 £255,000 £224,975 £185,000 2011 £447,500 £287,500 £235,500 £174,000 2012 £426,250 £258,750 £259,950 £187,250 2013 £350,000 £305,000 £250,000 £206,250 Percentage change +5% +18% +21% +20% 2006-2012

Source: www.home.co.uk

116 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A28 Employment by industry

rity

population Total aged 16 In employment Agriculture, fishing & forestry quarrying & Mining Manufacturing gas, Electricity, con air & steam supply supply, Water waste & sewerage management Construction retail & Wholesale motor repair trade, vehicles/bikes & Transport storage & Accommodation service food & Information communication & Financial insurance Estate Real Professional & scientific activities technical & Administrative services support & admin Public defence, social compulsory secu Education & Humanhealth work social Other

Persons No % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % Spelthorne 50,161 0.1 0.4 5.3 0.8 0.7 7.4 14.6 15.0 4.4 6.8 3.6 1.4 6.3 5.8 5.7 7.9 8.6 5.2 Adjoining authorities Elmbridge 64,730 0.2 0.5 5.0 0.4 0.4 5.9 12.7 4.2 3.8 8.6 7.7 2.1 13.5 5.6 4.3 9.7 8.8 6.4 Runnymede 40,651 0.3 0.4 6.0 0.6 0.5 7.2 15.6 8.7 5.3 6.8 3.3 1.4 8.1 5.5 4.7 9.3 10.3 6.1 Slough 67,300 0.2 0.1 8.1 0.5 0.7 6.1 16.5 12.6 6.9 7.1 2.6 0.8 5.0 8.0 3.6 7.1 10.3 4.0 Windsor & Maidenhead 73,951 0.3 0.3 7.5 0.7 0.6 5.6 13.8 6.1 5.1 10.6 3.4 1.8 10.4 5.5 4.9 9.8 7.7 6.0 Hillingdon 130,290 0.1 0.1 5.4 0.3 0.6 8.1 15.8 10.9 5.8 5.6 3.7 1.3 6.3 5.9 5.6 9.5 10.3 4.7 Hounslow 127,032 0.1 0.2 4.0 0.3 0.4 5.8 14.9 11.6 8.4 8.3 4.3 1.5 7.4 7.1 4.3 7.4 8.8 5.4 Richmond-u-Thames 99,204 0.1 0.6 3.6 0.4 0.2 4.3 10.4 4.1 4.0 11.3 7.3 2.2 15.4 4.8 4.5 11.2 8.5 7.1 Other Surrey authorities Epsom & Ewell 38,005 0.1 0.2 3.7 0.4 0.5 8.3 13.6 4.3 3.6 5.9 7.1 1.7 10.3 5.0 6.0 10.1 13.3 5.8 Guildford 70,021 0.3 0.3 5.5 0.3 0.5 7.0 14.0 3.6 4.9 7.6 5.1 1.5 10.7 4.9 6.0 11.4 10.6 5.7 Mole Valley 42,422 0.8 0.4 5.0 0.3 0.5 8.2 12.7 3.8 4.3 6.0 6.6 2.1 11.6 5.9 4.8 10.5 10.3 6.1 Reigate & Banstead 71,236 0.2 0.2 4.6 0.5 0.6 8.3 13.3 6.3 4.3 5.3 8.9 1.7 8.8 5.9 5.3 8.9 12.3 4.7 Surrey Heath 44,968 0.2 0.3 6.8 0.4 0.6 7.2 14.6 6.1 4.4 8.5 4.2 1.6 8.4 5.6 6.7 8.4 10.8 5.3 Tandridge 41,813 0.6 0.1 4.6 0.4 0.6 9.7 13.4 4.7 3.6 5.0 8.3 1.8 9.5 5.4 5.9 10.0 11.2 5.4 Waverley 59,178 0.6 0.2 5.2 0.3 0.4 7.4 13.7 3.2 4.2 7.5 5.5 1.7 11.8 5.3 4.5 12.2 10.2 6.0 Woking 51,341 0.2 0.4 5.9 0.4 0.5 6.4 14.8 5.4 4.1 8.2 5.8 1.3 10.7 5.7 5.3 8.2 10.4 6.3 National & Regional Surrey 574,526 0.3 0.3 5.2 0.4 0.5 7.5 13.9 5.8 4.3 7.0 6.1 1.7 10.1 5.5 5.3 9.7 10.6 5.7 South East 4,260,723 0.7 0.1 7.2 0.6 0.7 8.0 15.6 5.2 5.0 5.5 4.5 1.4 7.5 5.2 6.0 10.1 11.6 5.1 England 25,162,721 0.8 0.2 8.8 0.6 0.7 7.7 15.9 5.0 5.6 4.1 4.4 1.5 6.7 4.9 5.9 9.9 12.4 5.0

Source: Census Table KS605EW

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 117 Table A29 Employment by occupational type Total Managers, Professional Associate Administrative Skilled Caring, Sales & Process, Elementary population directors & occupations professional & secretarial trades leisure & customer plant & occupations aged 16-74 in senior & technical occupations occupations other service service machine employment officials occupations occupations occupations operatives Persons No % % % % % % % % % Spelthorne 50,161 11.7 16.3 14.8 15.2 10.4 8.9 7.4 6.4 9.0 Adjoining authorities Elmbridge 64,730 18.7 24.4 17.7 10.8 7.4 7.5 5.3 3.0 5.3 Runnymede 40,651 13.4 18.9 14.4 12.4 10.5 9.0 7.4 4.9 9.1 Slough 67,300 8.2 15.6 11.0 11.0 9.9 9.3 9.4 10.0 15.6 Windsor & Maidenhead 73,951 16.4 22.2 17.6 10.7 8.6 7.5 5.9 3.9 7.2 Hillingdon 130,290 10.2 17.1 13.0 13.3 10.4 8.9 8.6 7.5 11.0 Hounslow 127,032 10.3 18.5 13.7 11.6 8.8 8.4 8.9 6.8 13.1 Richmond-upon-Thames 99,204 17.5 29.7 20.5 9.5 5.3 6.2 4.5 2.2 4.5 Other Surrey authorities Epsom & Ewell 38,005 13.0 22.9 15.5 13.3 9.4 8.6 6.7 4.0 6.6 Guildford 70,021 13.6 24.5 16.0 10.3 9.5 7.8 7.0 3.6 7.8 Mole Valley 42,422 15.1 22.4 15.6 11.9 10.6 8.7 5.5 3.5 6.6 Reigate & Banstead 71,236 13.8 20.6 15.8 12.8 9.6 9.4 6.4 4.3 7.1 Surrey Heath 44,968 15.5 20.3 16.1 12.1 9.6 8.5 6.7 4.1 7.1 Tandridge 41,813 15.6 18.8 15.6 12.8 11.2 9.7 5.8 4.1 6.3 Waverley 59,178 15.8 23.9 15.2 10.4 10.4 8.3 6.0 3.2 6.9 Woking 51,341 13.4 22.9 15.0 11.7 8.9 8.5 7.3 4.8 7.5 National & Regional Surrey 574,526 14.6 21.7 15.7 12.0 9.7 8.6 6.5 4.1 7.2 South East 4,260,723 12.3 18.7 13.8 11.5 11.1 9.3 7.9 5.7 9.7 England 25,162,721 10.9 17.5 12.8 11.5 11.4 9.3 8.4 7.2 11.1

Source: Census Table KS608EW

118 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A30 Socio-economic classification

Total population Higher managerial, Lower Intermediate Small Lower Semi- Routine Never Never aged 16-74 administrative and managerial, occupations employers & supervisory routine occupations worked & worked/long professional occupations admin & own account & technical occupations long-term term Large Higher professional workers occupations unemployed unemployed/ employers & professional occupations full-time higher occupations student managerial & admin occupations Persons No % % % % % % % % % % Spelthorne 69,916 2.6 9.1 24.3 18.0 9.5 7.5 11.7 8.4 3.3 5.6 Adjoining authorities Elmbridge 92,027 5.1 15.4 29.5 12.4 11.1 4.1 8.2 4.8 2.9 6.6 Runnymede 59,793 3.3 9.9 23.4 13.5 9.8 6.1 10.2 7.0 2.9 13.8 Slough 100,458 1.3 7.1 17.6 12.8 8.8 7.3 15.1 11.6 8.9 9.5 Windsor & Maidenhead 104,247 4.5 13.7 27.5 13.1 10.0 5.6 9.4 6.3 3.3 6.5 Hillingdon 199,926 2.1 7.9 20.0 14.4 8.9 6.7 11.7 8.8 6.8 12.9 Hounslow 190,157 2.0 9.1 20.8 12.7 9.2 6.3 12.2 9.1 7.9 10.7 Richmond-u-Thames 137,779 4.8 17.5 32.4 10.9 9.4 3.4 6.4 4.0 3.3 7.8 Other Surrey authorities Epsom & Ewell 54,170 3.4 12.3 26.8 15.5 10.3 4.9 9.6 5.7 3.1 8.5 Guildford 102,054 3.5 13.7 25.4 12.1 9.2 5.0 9.3 6.0 2.6 13.2 Mole Valley 60,778 3.9 12.8 27.9 14.3 12.4 4.9 9.5 5.7 2.6 6.1 Reigate & Banstead 99,173 3.4 12.0 26.9 15.4 10.9 5.5 10.5 6.3 3.3 5.9 Surrey Heath 62,565 4.3 12.6 27.1 14.9 10.1 5.9 10.1 6.0 2.8 6.2 Tandridge 59,457 3.8 11.0 26.9 15.3 12.2 5.4 10.4 5.7 2.9 6.4 Waverley 85,617 3.9 13.8 27.6 12.1 11.7 5.0 9.7 5.8 2.4 7.8 Woking 71,722 3.7 13.6 26.0 13.7 9.5 5.6 11.1 6.4 4.0 6.4 National & Regional Surrey 817,272 3.7 12.6 26.6 14.1 10.6 5.4 10.0 6.1 3.0 7.9 South East 6,274,341 2.9 9.7 23.4 13.6 10.2 6.5 12.7 8.9 3.7 8.3 England 38,881,374 2.4 8.0 20.9 12.8 9.4 6.9 14.0 11.0 5.6 9.0

Source: Census Table KS611EW

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 119 Table A31 Socio-economic classification – male and female percentage

Total population Higher managerial, Lower Intermediate Small Lower Semi- Routine Never Full-time aged 16-74 administrative and managerial, occupations employers & supervisory routine occupations worked & student/not professional occupations admin & own account & technical occupations long-term classified Large Higher professional workers occupations unemployed employers & professional occupations higher occupations managerial & admin occupations Persons No No No No No No No No No No No

Spelthorne 69,916 1,796 6,391 16,994 12,553 6,663 5,267 8,200 5,846 2,319 3,887

% % % % % % % % % %

Male 34,663 3.0 12.3 23.5 9.5 13.8 11.4 8.0 10.5 2.6 5.5

Female 35,253 2.1 6.1 25.1 26.3 5.4 3.8 15.4 6.3 4.0 5.6

Source: Census Tables KS611EW, KS612EW & KS613EW

120 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 Table A32 Personal incomes (Mean) 2010-2011

Employment Pension Total Self employed Income Income Income

£ £ £ £ Spelthorne 25,100 28,600 15,400 29,900 Adjoining authorities Elmbridge 51,700 54,400 21,600 57,200 Runnymede 20,500 35,700 16,400 36,300 Slough 11,800 23,600 11,400 23,900 Windsor & Maidenhead 24,000 42,100 18,100 42,900 Hillingdon 20,800 26,900 13,900 28,400 Hounslow 25,700 29,300 12,500 30,800 Richmond-upon-Thames 39,500 54,700 18,500 56,300 Other Surrey authorities Epsom & Ewell 28,900 33,400 16,200 35,200 Guildford 40,100 38,200 18,800 42,200 Mole Valley 31,200 36,500 20,300 40,800 Reigate & Banstead 22,600 32,100 17,400 34,600 Surrey Heath 25,600 34,200 18,900 35,900 Tandridge 32,800 37,100 18,000 39,500 Waverley 32,800 40,700 20,600 44,300 Woking 23,600 36,000 17,300 37,400 National & Regional Surrey 32,000 37,400 18,400 40,000 South East 21,900 29,100 15,600 31,200 England 20,800 20,000 6,560 26,100

Source: HMRC Personal Income Statistics Tables 3.11-3.15a, published 31 January 2013.

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013 121 Table A33 Method of travel to work Work Under- Train Bus, Taxi Motor- Driving a Passenger Bicycle On foot Other Not mainly at ground, minibus cycle, car or van in car method In or from metro. or coach scooter employ- home Light rail, or moped ment tram % % % % % % % % % % % % Spelthorne 3.4 0.9 5.8 3.7 0.2 1.0 47.3 2.6 1.9 4.5 0.4 28.3 Adjoining authorities Elmbridge 6.8 0.7 14.6 1.5 0.2 0.8 36.7 1.8 2.2 4.4 0.5 29.7 Runnymede 4.1 0.3 5.8 1.3 0.2 0.7 43.8 2.6 2.0 6.7 0.5 32.0 Slough 2.1 0.7 4.7 5.0 0.5 0.4 40.9 4.1 1.6 6.5 0.4 33.0 Windsor & Maidenhead 6.2 0.3 6.4 1.0 0.3 0.5 44.5 2.5 1.7 6.9 0.6 29.1 Hillingdon 2.6 8.7 2.8 7.9 0.2 0.5 34.5 2.0 1.0 4.6 0.3 34.8 Hounslow 2.9 10.5 5.5 11.0 0.2 0.8 26.7 1.6 2.2 5.0 0.4 33.2 Richmond-upon-Thames 6.4 7.7 15.8 5.5 0.2 1.2 23.4 1.0 4.4 5.9 0.5 28.0 Other Surrey authorities Epsom & Ewell 4.2 1.0 14.3 2.7 0.4 0.9 36.6 2.1 1.8 5.8 0.4 29.8 Guildford 5.3 0.2 7.8 2.3 0.1 0.5 39.3 2.5 1.8 8.2 0.4 31.4 Mole Valley 6.8 0.3 9.0 1.0 0.2 0.6 41.0 2.4 1.3 6.8 0.5 30.2 Reigate & Banstead 4.8 0.4 10.8 2.1 0.4 0.6 42.0 2.6 1.2 6.5 0.4 28.2 Surrey Heath 5.5 0.2 4.4 1.4 0.1 0.5 50.1 2.7 1.3 5.2 0.6 28.1 Tandridge 6.0 0.3 12.7 1.7 0.2 0.6 40.5 2.3 0.6 4.9 0.5 29.7 Waverley 7.0 0.2 7.8 1.2 0.1 0.5 41.8 2.6 1.1 6.4 0.5 30.9 Woking 4.7 0.3 11.4 1.7 0.3 0.5 41.4 2.7 1.9 6.4 0.4 28.4 National & Regional Surrey 5.4 0.4 9.5 1.9 0.2 0.7 41.7 2.5 1.6 6.1 0.4 29.7 South East 4.5 0.2 5.0 3.0 0.3 0.6 41.3 3.2 2.0 7.4 0.5 32.1 England 3.5 2.6 3.5 4.9 0.3 0.5 36.9 3.3 1.9 6.9 0.4 35.3

122 Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013

Spelthorne Local Economic Assessment, September 2013

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