Uncovered Surrey Surrey is perceived as a universally affluent and successful county. Uncovered Amidst its natural beauty and shiny veneer, many Why local giving is needed communities and groups who experience poorer outcomes to strengthen our communities are overlooked.

This report sets out to pinpoint the inequalities that exist and to guide funders and philanthropists on future areas of support.

inspiring local giving for local need

Community Foundation for Surrey 1 Bishops Wharf, Walnut Tree Close Guildford, Surrey GU1 4RA

01483 409 230 cfsurrey.org.uk Surrey Uncovered Registered Charity No.1111600 Company Registration No. 5442921 by Siân Sangarde-Brown

Designed & Published by Creativitea Deisgn Studio 2013 1 About surrey Surrey Uncovered

Surrey has: This report is both thought provoking and surprising. The research uncovers the significant need in our · 11 local communities and, using the latest statistics, tells a story about the stark inequalities and social · 206 wards disadvantage throughout Surrey. · 709 Lower Super Output Areas (LSOAs) 1 Spelthorne 4 7 Waverley 10 The report looks at the overall statistics for Surrey but, more importantly, drills down to the local level so that the very real need 2 Runnymede 5 Elmbridge 8 11 Tandridge is not masked by adjacent affluent areas. It reveals the reality of living in Surrey for those that are struggling and need help - 3 6 Guildford 9 problems such as high child poverty, unemployment, isolated older people and a high proportion of low income and lone parent households. This data can also be viewed on the Community Foundation’s bespoke section of Surrey-i, ’s information website. Working in partnership with Surrey County Council, the data will be constantly up-dated and is easily accessible for each local area across Surrey providing a focus of the key needs across our county.

1 Key findings • The number of people over 65 is We hope that you will find this report Shockingly, in a number of areas across expected to rise by nearly a third informative and that it will help to 2 Surrey, more than 30% of children and in the next 20 years, and there are build a strong understanding about young people live in poverty, some increasing numbers of people suffering community needs. It provides a powerful 5 areas being significantly worse than the from dementia, increasing problems of case for increasing local philanthropy 3 national average. For such an affluent fuel poverty and greater isolation and and underpins our primary purpose 9 county this is unacceptable, loneliness amongst older people of inspiring local giving. It is a call 4 with long- term multiple consequences to action for all those in Surrey that for the children and families affected. A vision for Surrey can help – giving locally and building Yet there are proven solutions and These are problems on our doorstep permanent community resources that will experienced community and voluntary and within our own local communities continue to generate on-going income groups that can change lives, if they have - problems that with support and help year after year to help transform lives. 10 the resources. can be solved. 6 11 Equally surprising, 1 in 4 under 15 The Community Foundation for 8 year-olds in Surrey is either overweight Surrey is dedicated to inspiring more or obese. Surrey also has a significantly people in the county to support their worse record for the number of hours local communities. We have made that 5-18 year-olds take part in sport a successful start, awarding £3.5 compared to the national average. million in grants to support over 7 1,300 local community projects since Other areas of concern include: the Foundation was established 8 • A dozen wards have a higher rate of years ago. The Foundation has also mental health issues amongst children built over £6.5 million in permanent and young people than the national invested funds which continues to average generate on-going income to improve • One in three children receiving free people’s lives - but there is much more school meals leaves primary school to do. with substandard Maths and English An LSOA averages approximately 1,600 How the data was collected Community Foundation for Surrey section – twice as many as those children not Our vision is of local giving supporting people, and 650 households. LSOAs do All data is the latest available at the on Surrey-i. It includes issues, data and receiving free school meals local people; of permanent community not have names and are referenced time of writing from many sources. The further information on LSOAs, Wards • Approximately one child in 20 is resources and of local village and by codes, e.g Guildford Westborough 2011 Census has been used extensively. and Boroughs in the county, and will be disabled and the income of families town funds. It is an inspiring vision 012D Further 2011 Census categorical data regularly up-dated. with disabled children is more than where philanthropy significantly will continue to be released by the 23% below the UK average income increases the resources available and Percentages are rounded where Office of National Statistics. www.surreyi.gov.uk • Since 2001, there has been a 22% ensures that funding gets right to where appropriate. Numbers are real, except increase in lone parents, above the it is needed - to tackle community where only estimates have been Surrey County Council’s Surrey-i website 17% rise nationally needs and to help the most vulnerable available. A smoothed figure describes has been used extensively during the • Domestic abuse is higher than expected and isolated across our county. an approximation that attempts to preparation of this report and we have and cuts across all areas of society capture a pattern. worked in partnership with Surrey • In one area of Surrey nearly 10% Professor Patrick Dowling Wendy Varcoe County Council to create a bespoke of homes have no central heating CBE FRS DL Executive Director Chairman

© Copyright Community Foundation for Surrey 02/03 About our sponsors Contents

The Community Foundation for Surrey would like to thank a donor for supporting the costs of the research and our generous sponsors enabling the Foundation to design and print Surrey Uncovered.

1. people 05 3. SOCIety 29

Children, young people and families 07 Health & well-beinG 31

CCLA is pleased to support the publication of this important research which will bring into view matters which really should demand - Children from ethnic backgrounds 08 - Physical activity 32 more of our attention. CCLA is already working very closely with the Community Foundation for Surrey and other members - Children in need 08 - Obesity 32 of UK Community Foundations on a major philanthropic campaign called ‘Community First’ - a programme supported by - Parenting 08 - Teenage conception & pregnancy 32 the Cabinet Office and led by the Community Development Foundation to help communities come together to identify their - Lone Parenting 10 - Infant mortality 33 strengths and local priorities in order to plan for their future and become more resilient. - A family where a parent is disabled 10 - Alcohol misuse 34 - Parents with poor mental health 11 - Illegal drugs 34 CCLA is one of the largest UK charity fund managers. We have half a century’s experience in providing competitive and attractive - Children & young people with a disability 11 - Mental health 36 investment management services that help our clients achieve their aims. Our products and services have a strong long-term performance - Children & young people with mental health issues 12 - Eating disorders 37 record, are fairly priced, managed responsibly and in a manner consistent with our clients’ ethics. Our people understand charities - Young Offenders or young people at risk of offending 12 - Smoking 37 and public sector organisations, their particular needs and challenges. Our ownership ensures our stability and independence. - Childhood obesity 12 - Standardised mortality rate under 75 (premature death) 37 CCLA is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. - Bullying 13 - Carers 38 - Internet safety & cyber bullying 13 - Education 39 - The social gap widens 40 Older people 14 - Post education, pre work 41 - The skills gap 41 - Disability & ill health 15 - Arts & culture 42 ExxonMobil is proud to support the Community Foundation for Surrey’s latest community needs report. Last year we invested just over £1.4 - Dementia 15 million in projects and initiatives in the UK & Ireland; we give a special focus to neighbourhoods where we have a business presence. - Income deprivation & fuel poverty 16

ExxonMobil has business activities in most countries around the world; wherever we operate, we try to contribute to the 4. economy 43 local community. Through the employment we offer and by investing in the neighbourhoods where we operate, we contribute to local prosperity and stability and also help to ensure these are good places for our employees, their families and our 2. place 17 Economic performanCE 45 neighbours to live. EnvironmenT 19 - Business & enterprise 46 - Labour market 46 - Getting around: Transport & Infrastructure 20 - Unemployment 46 - Cultural diversity & community cohesion 22 - Worklessness 47 - Safety 22 - Barriers to work 47 acknowledgements - Domestic abuse 23 - Disability & employment 48 - Housing & well-being 24 - Youth unemployment 48 Edited by Davina Patel - Overcrowding 26 - Income inequality 50 - Who lives in these homes? 26 Many people have given their time, much valued comments and commitment to the production of this report. - Homelessness 28 Particular thanks are owed to the following: 5. THRIVING COMMUNITIES 51 David Frank Graham Williams Helping communities to thriVE 53 Peter Hampson Wendy Varcoe - Local giving – How does it work? 53 Laura Thurlow - Improving lives – What have we achieved? 53 Davina Patel - Philanthropy – What are the benefits of giving? 54 Kathy Trott Holly Maskell Trustees and Staff of the Community Foundation for Surrey. Introduction

Surrey is perceived as a universally affluent and successful county, and amidst its natural beauty and shiny veneer, many communities and groups who experience poorer outcomes are overlooked. 1.people This report sets out to pinpoint the inequalities that exist and to guide funders and philanthropists on future areas of support.

The difference between rich and poor, This county’s inhabitants are major and how different people live is at contributors to the UK’s wealth, and its most extreme in Surrey. Parts of only a few boroughs have a the county including Elmbridge, Mole higher GDP per capita. Weybridge Valley and Waverley are amongst the has the second-highest number of top handful of wealthy areas in the UK. millionaires in the UK and yet in one Hidden amongst them, are individuals Weybridge ward there is deprivation, Siân Sangarde-Brown and families living in poverty, mostly comparatively high unemployment and Author of Surrey Uncovered in small neighbourhoods either in the long- term illness. centre or on the edge of towns, or There is a cluster of households in Siân was a business and isolated at the end of country lanes. Horton Park in Epsom and Ewell with management teacher for twenty Central to the measurement of the third highest average income per years, before becoming directly inequality is the difference between home in the UK. This is in Ruxley ward, involved in community and third high and low, less or more, but it is the one part of which is amongst Surrey’s sector issues. She carried out inequities that ensue that we are really most deprived areas, where child the initial research which helped trying to tackle. By dealing with the poverty is double the county average to establish the Community root causes, the inequities are ironed of nearly 11%. Foundation for Surrey. out and equality ideally follows. Extreme wealth disparity has a Other commissions have The pay gap sees families living cheek negative impact on health and well- included a report on by jowl with others who live millionaire being, especially for those living in International Migration for lifestyles. What effect does this have the midst of it. We are fortunate that Surrey County Council; training on the social fabric and cohesion in access to essential services is universal, and infrastructure needs for our county? The largest gap might be but it is apparent that the level to Surrey’s voluntary sector; work at the end of your road, or hidden in which a person takes advantage of on public sector ‘equality of the next street. People in areas with the these opportunities depends on their access’ for minority groups, and greatest disparity, often know hardly degree of self-reliance and resilience. geographical and issue based anything about their neighbours, and The headline figures about Surrey ‘needs analysis’ that encourage have little or no interaction. are impressive, and so it’s necessary local strategic solutions. Income inequality amongst working- to look in the nooks and crannies of age people has risen faster in Britain statistics, to tell the story of people than in any other rich nation since the and places, and to make sure that they mid-1970s. The annual average income don’t remain hidden in the aggregate of the UK’s top 10% is about 12 times figures. Let’s begin. higher than that of the bottom 10%. This is a third higher than the average income gap of other developed nations. Many working families live in poverty, and over half of the new benefit cuts will affect such families.

Liquid Connection’s Freestyle residential camp, one of the projects the Community Foundation for Surrey’s donors have been able to support Surrey Uncovered 2013 - People 06/07 l P eop

People e

KEY FACTS & Children, young “By the age of 5, disadvantaged Out of 709 LSOAs only 19 have no FIGURES IN SURREY: people & families children have a vocabulary almost child poverty. In one LSOA in Central one year behind that of children from Redhill, 37% 0-16 year-olds are living In 2011 Surrey had a population of Most children in Surrey do middle income families.”1 in poverty. well, but some are more at risk of not fulfilling their potential Differences in the home learning However, over 40% of youngsters because of one or more life environment, particularly at the age living in poverty do not live in 1,13 2 , 3 9 0 circumstances that prevents of three, are shown to be an important deprived areas. them from doing so. explanatory factor in vocabulary levels. It is reported that only 42% of poorer Many are related to parental issues, children are being read to every day 23 LSOAs but poverty is often found to be a compared to 79% of children from the have more than contributory factor, especially when richest families2. coupled with another issue. Leaving school with fewer qualifications There are approximately Poverty is a relative concept. ‘Poor’ translates into lower earnings over people are those who are considerably the course of a working life. Although % worse off than the majority of the work does not provide a guaranteed 30 5-18 year olds of 0-16 year-olds living participate in significantly less population. Professor Peter Townsend, route out of poverty in the UK. 62% of in poverty, which is above 10,500 a leading authority on UK poverty, children growing up in poverty live in a the national average children and young people sport than the national average defines relative poverty as when household where at least one member someone’s “resources are so seriously works3. with disabilities aged 0-19 below those commanded by the average individual or family that they The overall rate of child poverty in are, in effect, excluded from ordinary Surrey is 10% with 27,240 of 0-19 Research from Save the Children living patterns, customs and activities”. year-olds (10.2%) living in poverty, details the effects of poverty on UK and 10.6% of 0-16 years-olds. children’s well-being, with parents Poverty shapes children’s development. Spelthorne has the highest rate at cutting back on food (61%), skipping By their second birthday, a child from 14%. However, at the local level meals (26%), not replacing children’s a poorer family is already more likely child poverty is significantly higher outgrown shoes (19%) and winter % to show a lower level of attainment than with many LSOAs having over 30% coats (14%), missing school trips (19%) Approximately 6.9 a child from a higher-income family. of children living in poverty, which is and having to borrow to make ends above the national average. meet (80%). Population growth 27,000 Numbers of under 20’s in Surrey and % increase between 2001 and 2011 Census: children and young people, over in Surrey between 10 % of the 0-19 population, live 2001 & 2011 in poverty in Surrey with the highest rates of growth in the 0-4,15-19 and 65+ age ranges

All ages Age 0-4 Age 5-9 Age 10-14 Age 15-19 6.9 % 13.5 % 0.3% 3.5% 13 .2 % increase increase increase increase increase

% There are over 28 2001 Census: 1,059,000 2001 Census: 62,800 2001 Census: 65,600 2001 Census: 65,300 2001 Census: 59,8 0 0 Growth of people aged 2011 Census: 1,132,400 2011 Census: 71,300 2011 Census: 65,800 2011 Census: 6 7, 6 0 0 2011 Census: 6 7, 7 0 0 65+ living in Surrey 21,000 Increase of 73,400 Increase of 8,500 Increase of 200 Increase of 2,300 Increase of 7, 9 0 0 by 2033 lone parents in Surrey, a 22.4% rise since 2001 1 The Sutton Trust 2010 2 Joseph Rowntree Foundation 2010 3 HBAI, An analysis of the income distribution 1994/95 – 2010/11DWP (2012) Surrey Uncovered 2013 - People 08/09 l P eop e

Every year, well over 1 in 3 children The five wards where children’s needs are highest are: Children on a Child Protection Plan 2009/10: receiving free school meals leave primary school with substandard maths 1. Westborough (Guildford) and English - around twice as many 2. Merstham (Reigate & Banstead) as children not on free school meals4. 3. (Spelthorne) In Surrey 10,792 school pupils are 4. Maybury and (Woking) eligible for free school meals5. 5. Old Dean (Camberley)

Surrey’s Children, Schools and Families Directorate have identified the wards across as high need areas because of adult statistics in terms of: 5% 9% 10 % 10 % 14 % 26 % 26 % parent/ parent/ Child parent/ housing Domestic parent/ • Lower levels of breastfeeding carer carer education carer problems violence carer • Higher prevalence of smoking learning Abusing issues Abusing mental in adults difficulties drugs alcohol health • Higher rates of adult and child mental health issues, particularly in mothers Parental substance misuse • Informal relationships - with extended Children learn through example, so • More families affected by domestic Substance misuse can cause family members, neighbours, friends may grow up thinking that violence is violence considerable harm physically to the and friends’ families - were very the way to resolve conflict. • Higher levels of parental unborn baby. Research shows that important, but that such support was unemployment The proportion of children from Gypsy, housing problems required support, they alcohol is the most dangerous of the seldom reliable or unconditional. • Lower education levels in adults. Roma and Traveller communities attaining occurred as a result of parental issues, neurotoxins affecting the brain during In Surrey, nearly 5 A*-C including Mathematics and English such as lack of engagement with the pregnancy, more so than illegal Domestic violence 12,000 incidents Children from ethnic at GCSE is typically 6.5%; this is 55% child or inability to maintain substances. Research with children suggests domestic of domestic abuse backgrounds less than their non Gypsy, Roma and an adequate home environment6. violence has implications for education, were recorded by Traveller peers. Children are at risk from emotional health, welfare and criminal justice. School Census data shows that in The number of vulnerable children and physical neglect as they grow and Surrey’s schools there is an upward Children from these communities are requiring social care support as Children up because of its potential impact on Children and young people who live approximately trend in the percentage and number more likely to live in poverty and in more in Need has also risen by 20% from 1 parental capacity. with domestic violence and abuse report a third involved of minority ethnic pupils. There is also insecure accommodation than the rest October and 31 December 2010 from feeling: alcohol in 2011/12 great ethnic diversity, with nearly of the population. The community suffers 2,725 to 3,301. These children are likely They also risk developing emotional and 190 languages spoken in Surrey’s poorer physical and mental health, and to have experienced abuse or neglect, social problems later in life. Parental • Powerless, because they cannot maintained schools in 2013. a young person is likely to achieve lower family dysfunction, acute distress in the drug and alcohol misuse creates multiple stop the violence than average educational outcomes. family, or have a significant disability or problems for children. • Confused, because it does not Access to school is sporadic, depending illness. make sense Research suggests that outreach and on family, hence literacy and numeracy Research with young people aged 15-27 • Angry, because it should not support groups, where children and Surrey has the 4th largest attainment is not universal. Parenting with parents suffering from substance be happening young people can meet others who Gypsy, Roma and misuse by the Joseph Rowntree • Guilty, because they think they have had similar experiences, are Traveller community in Children in need Parents and carers have the largest Foundation found that they felt: have done something wrong very much valued. The opportunity Britain numbering at least impact on a child’s outcomes. Evidence • Sad, because it is a loss to move to the safety of a refuge The number of children on a Child supports that the more a parent is • Their parents were unable to provide • Afraid, because they may be hurt generally outweighs the discomfort and Protection Plan between February 2010 involved and interested in a child’s consistent practical or emotional care or lose someone they love or that disruption of moving away from home. 10,000 and September 2011 rose by 40% from health, well-being and learning, • The effects of drug and alcohol abuse others may find out 500 to 700. the better the child’s adjustment, were similar, but that drug abuse • Alone, because they think it is achievement, social and cognitive brought with it increased anxiety happening only to them or they Children become subject to protection development. and social stigma, whilst the abuse are not being believed. plans due to a range of parenting issues. of alcohol was more associated with The diagram on the next page records New parents are particularly receptive violence and parental absence Effects include physical harm by the reasons from case conferences to new ideas, and patterns created • Many of their childhood had been being caught up in the violence, (involving 506 children) held between 1 during the critical early years of life shortened through having to assume and children, particularly teenagers, October and 31 December 2010. These impact on future life chances, health and early responsibility for their own and are vulnerable to being hurt through show that although education issues and well-being. others’ well-being intervening in a violent incident.

4 National Statistics (2010) 5 Families in Poverty Needs Assessment, Surrey County Council (2011) 6 Surrey-i Surrey Uncovered 2013 - People 10/11 l P eop e

Family stability The 2011 Census revealed that nationally Parents with poor The most common primary disability Family stability is a key factor in 8.8% of young carers cared for more than mental health needs are listed as speech, language a child’s future well-being and 50 hours a week. or communication difficulty, Autistic achievement. Whatever the structure 370 - 450 In a baby’s first 18 months, the Spectrum Conditions and moderate of the family, the most vital need for 950 -1,150 A report for Surrey Young Carers in emotional circuits are forming the way learning difficulties15. a child is continuous nurturing in a Estimated number of families 2012 found that: it behaves, thinks, feels, and develops caring home. Estimated number of families with multiple problems & memories. In January 2010, there were over 5,350 with multiple problems* a child with SEN or • There are currently an estimated children and young people in Surrey with In July 2011 the DfE estimated that there ^ 12,000 young carers under the age of Around 14% of mothers in the UK a Statement of Special Education Needs. were approximately 950-1150 families behaviour problems 18 in Surrey with many thousands more experience Post Natal Depression Pupils with special educational needs are in Surrey (1,921 children in total) facing 18-24 year-olds who have significant (PND), and one study found that 4% more than nine times more likely to be multiple problems. caring responsibilities remaining of fathers experience depression in expelled than their peers in England16. unrecognised and unsupported. the first year. Having a partner who is Research shows that deprivation has * Families with multiple problems (FMP) are defined as those who have 5 or more of the following • 45% of young carers aged 16-17 depressed can act as a trigger. negative effects on all, and single disadvantages (FACS, 2004): No parent in the family is in work; family lives in poor quality or reported that, due to their caring tasks, Approximately parents are twice as likely to live overcrowded housing; no parent has any qualifications; mother has mental health problems; at least they had missed between 2-6 days A survey by Surrey-based charity, Cedar in poverty and will also suffer from one parent has a longstanding limiting illness, disability or infirmity; family has low income (below education in the fortnight prior to the House Support Group, which supports multiple disadvantages7. 60% of the median); family cannot afford a number of food and clothing items. consultation. those with PND highlights the need for ^ FMP and at least one child with Special Education Needs (SEN) or behaviour problems • Schools and colleges had failed to free therapy with a specialised PND in We know that nearly 75% of under (excluded from school, involvement with the police or ran away from home) identify their caring responsibilities. counsellor and peer support. 26% of 1 20 19 year-olds living in poverty in • Over 70% of young carers aged 16-24 women asked said they were advised to under the age of 16 is Source: SCC/Surrey NHS Joint Strategic Needs Assessment felt emotionally upset about the tasks seek private counselling due to lengthy Surrey live in a household with one disabled. Only 8% of these parent. The number of children living they had to complete in the course of NHS waiting lists for counselling. 75% of families get help from their in separated families that have no In 2011 women accounted for 92% In Surrey we have many military families, their caring role. Two thirds felt they women asked said they would attend a 17 financial arrangements in place is over of lone parents with dependent children. and service children have very different had been abandoned and “did not support group with other sufferers free of local services 50%. Research shows that when the Single parents are at a greater risk needs to most families and children. matter” anymore. For just over 40% of charge. And finally 97% of the women separation has been amicable, more of multiple disadvantages than couple They invariably move school often and them, for some of the time, “life did not asked said they would find it helpful if financial security is present 8. parents, and children from single parent one of their parents is deployed elsewhere seem worth living”. the counsellors had experienced PND households may suffer increased negative in the UK or overseas at regular intervals. themselves. These statistics reflect a Westborough ward has 12 Lone parenting outcomes. The strain of separation and dislocation Parenting in some cases may be impaired national representation . above average lone can be overwhelming. Families sometimes and the young person is disadvantaged parents, and households Lone parents understandably tend to be have to endure bereavement, or physical in terms of education, social life and Children & young with one adult aged 65+. resource short in both time and money or mental damage to a parent as a result future prospects. They are inevitably at people with a People living in social and compared to two parent families, and of deployment. risk from suffering mental health issues. disability private rented property is both impact on a child’s development. 21,227 above average, as is over- Financial hardship can entail poor lone parents in Surrey: A family where a There are currently The income of families with disabled crowding, and the number housing, health problems, poor nutrition parent is disabled children averages 23.5% below the an estimated 12,000 of households with no car and fewer material resources for Up UK average income, and only 16 % is twice the average. 44% nurturing children. There are many young people under the young carers under of mothers with disabled children work, have no qualifications and age of 18 in Surrey who are caring for the age of 18 in compared to 61% of other mothers13. over 12% of the population The cost of losing benefits and needing family members. The average young carer Surrey, with many are claiming working age childcare often make it hard for lone is most likely to be: However, it costs up to three times as benefits. Over 14% have a parents to enter employment. This makes % thousands more much to raise a disabled child as it does limiting long-term illness 22 14 them more susceptible to falling into a since 2001; above • In a family with a lone parent 18-24 year olds to raise a child without disabilities . or disability and 25% cycle of part-time or low paid work and • Suffer from social or economic exclusion It is estimated that in Surrey there are the 17% rise nationally who have significant of children are living in unemployment, with the result that the • Only be aged 12 years old. caring responsibilities about 10,500 children and young poverty. Only 37% achieve family live in poverty9. people with disabilities aged 0-19. 5 A*-C GCSEs (inc English Many lone parents combine working and Young carers aged 16-18 years are remaining and Maths) or equivalent, Children of lone parents are more likely bringing up children without the need for twice as likely to be not in education, unrecognised and and 22 are NEET. The to be an ‘only’ child, have a mother assistance. For others circumstances can be employment, or training (NEET) and unsupported incidents of anti-social aged under 25, have a sibling with a difficult especially financially, emotionally almost a third care for someone with behaviour and domestic disability, live in social housing or be in and physically. Some are parenting alone a mental health problem11. violence are substantially the lowest income quintile10. because the other is working away from higher than the average home, has died, or is in the armed forces.

7 Ipsos MORI and Policy Exchange, Families in Britain: The impact of changing 9 HM Treasury, Ending Child Poverty: Everybody’s Business (2008) 12 www.postnataldepression.com 15 SCC Applewood, Equalities Impact Assessment (July 2012) family structure and what the public think (April 2009) 10 DWP (2010) Families with children in Britain: Findings from the 2008 Families 13 Contact a Family 16 Contact a Family 8 Government’s response to the Consultation on Strengthening Families, Promoting and Children Study (FACS). 14 Contact a Family 17 Contact a Family Parental Responsibility: the future of child maintenance (2011) 11 Barnardo’s Surrey Uncovered 2013 - People 12/13

The data showed few spikes at Internet safety & level, but when compared to the county cyber bullying averages: A new study from Netmums has found • Spelthorne had 2% more 4-5 that many parents are not aware about year-olds who were ‘classed’ obese what their children are doing online and % • Woking had 3% more 10-11 year-olds about the actual length of time they are 46 who were ‘classed’ obese sitting in front of a screen. of children and young people • Runnymede had nearly 3% more nationally say they have been overweight 4-5 year-olds The average age for British children to bullied at school at some • Epsom & Ewell had nearly 3% more, start going online is three, and children point in their lives21 and Spelthorne over 3.5% more are spending double the amount of children in Surrey are either overweight or obese. overweight 10-11 year-olds. time online each day than realised by IN Over 50,000 2 to 15 year-olds in Surrey are either overweight or obese18 their parents. 1 4 Bullying Three quarters of parents believe their Children & young is likely to cause a number of issues The Joint Strategic Needs Assessment Bullying is still a concern for children and child spends under an hour a day online, people with mental such as lower attainment levels at all in Surrey has used The National young people in . In 2009/10, when it is in fact two hours a day. 1 in 7 health issues stages of education; higher numbers Child Measurement Programme which 29% of children and young people in children are so ‘hooked’ on the internet of children and young people measures and weighs children in England experienced bullying, and this they spend four hours or more in front of Government statistics show that one in needing social services support; and Reception and Year 6, estimates that in was the main reason that boys called a screen. The ‘two screen’ phenomena 10 children aged 5-16 in the UK has lower proportions of young people 2009/10: ChildLine20. is omnipresent, and many are connected a clinically diagnosable mental health participating in education, training through a screen at the same time as problem. Half of people with lifelong or employment (PETE). • 6.7% of 4-5 year-olds were obese and • Almost half (46%) of children and young watching the television. mental health problems experience their a further 12.1% were overweight people nationally say they have been first symptoms by the age of 14. Young offenders or • 13.9% of 10 -11 year-olds were obese bullied at school at some point in their Awareness is dawning about the semi- young people at risk and a further 14.1% were overweight lives21 translucent organisational structure of A YouGov survey of more than 2,000 of offending • 38% of disabled children worried about life online and the inappropriate sites young people across the UK found Both age groups show boys are more being bullied22 and information that can be accessed that 1 in 5 had symptoms of Home Office research shows that 42% likely to be obese than girls. • 18% of children and young people who by our children. Extreme sites such as depression and almost a third (32%) of young people aged 10-17 who had worried about bullying said they would those around anorexia and suicide, and of the 16-25 year-old’s surveyed had experienced low or medium levels of Only 52% of Surrey’s not talk to their parents about it23 grooming through social networking thought about or attempted suicide. supervision had offended. • Over half (55%) of lesbian, gay sites are all huge issues, but for many 29% of respondents said that they had 5-18 year-olds and bisexual young people have young people it is the abuse and speed self-harmed. The figure was only 20% for those participate in three experienced homophobic bullying with which it can happen that is more who had experienced high levels of hours of sport or at school24 worrying. Worryingly more than half of all adults supervision. Providing support for the PE a week, which is • A survey of pupils in England estimates with mental health problems were families of offenders is very important, that 4.4% of young people aged 11-15 • 38% of young people have been diagnosed in childhood and less than particularly as 65% of boys with significantly worse are frequently absent from state school affected by cyberbullying, and girls are half were treated appropriately at a convicted parent go on to offend than the English or home educated because of bullying25. twice as likely to experience persistent the time. Around 72% of children in themselves. average19 cyberbullying as boys26 care have behavioural or emotional • 26% have received abusive emails problems - these are some of the most Childhood obesity and 24% have received abusive text vulnerable people in our society. messages. 28% of children did not tell Around 95% of imprisoned young Childhood obesity continues to be one anyone about the abuse27 offenders have a mental health of the most important health issues • In a survey for Childnet in February disorder; with many struggling with facing children and families today. 2013, the right to be educated about more than one. staying safe online was voted in the Evidence suggests children with at top 10 rights on both the primary and The Old Dean, a ward in Camberley, least one obese parent are three to secondary surveys. has been recognised particularly four times more likely to be obese for mental health issues for children themselves indicating the need to and young people. The effect of adopt a whole family approach. poor mental health in young people

18 Henry in Surrey Report (2010) 22 NSPCC/ChildLine facts and figures 25 Red balloon: Estimating the prevalence of young people absent from 27 The Diana Award: Young People voices on cyber bullying (2011) 19 South East Public Health Observatory 23 NSPCC/ChildLine facts and figures school due to bullying (2011) 20 Department for Children, Schools and Families: TellUs Survey (2010) 24 Stonewall Guasp, The School Report: the experiences of young gay 26 The Diana Award: Young People voices on cyber bullying (2011) 21 NSPCC/ChildLine facts and figures people in Britain’s Schools (April 2012) Surrey Uncovered 2013 - People 14/15

Estimated numbers of older people by Surrey borough: 2013-2020: In 2011 there were 15,100 people in Surrey Estimated number of health- Projected 65+ & 85+ Population 2013 to 2020 related issues for people aged with dementia; of which 14,830 people were over 65 during 2013: Elmbridge Epsom & Ewell Guildford over 65 and 294 people had early onset Limiting long-term illness 2013: 22,800 2013: 13,200 2013: 22,600 dementia. This number is predicted to rise 2020: 25,500 2020: 15,000 2020: 25,400 to 19,000 by 202031 80,616 % increase 65+: 11.8 % % increase 65+: 13.6% % increase 65+: 12.4% % increase 85+: 19.5 % % increase 85+: 19% % increase 85+: 23.5% Depression 18,042 Mole Valley Reigate & Banstead Runnymede What we do know is that in today’s Other health-related issues that are likely Severe depression 2013: 18,900 2013: 24,700 2013: 15,100 society there is not enough money for to affect older people and estimated 2020: 21,300 2020: 28,400 2020: 16,900 health. When the NHS was founded, figures for possible episodes this year 5,802 % increase 65+: 12.7% % increase 65+: 15% % increase 65+: 11.9 % nearly 50% of the population died by are shown on the right. All of these % increase 85+: 25% % increase 85+: 24.4% % increase 85+: 29.2 % the age of 65; now the figure is less figures are expected to increase by Dementia than 20%. Unbelievable as it seems to between 12-17% by 2020, except for us, globally two thirds of all people who dementia which might rise by over 20%. 15,842 Spelthorne Surrey Heath Tandridge have ever reached the age of 65 are still 2013: 17, 9 0 0 2013: 15,200 2013: 17,000 alive today. Dementia Moderate or severe hearing impairment 2020: 19, 5 0 0 2020: 17, 5 0 0 2020: 20,000 % increase 65+: 8.9% % increase 65+: 15.1% % increase 65+: 17. 6 % When older people do require services Dementia is one of the five most common 91,086 % increase 85+: 25.9% % increase 85+: 45% % increase 85+: 32.1% and support, the reasons vary: chronic diseases closely associated with old age. Two thirds of people with Unable to manage at least • The effects of existing conditions, dementia live in the community while one mobility activity Waverley Woking illnesses and impairments may have one third live in a care home. 2013: 25,200 2013: 15,300 reached the point where existing 39,926 2020: 28,800 2020: 17, 5 0 0 support is no longer enough to ensure Characteristics of people with Diabetes % increase 65+: 14.3% % increase 65+: 14.4% safety and well-being dementia: % increase 85+: 28.6% % increase 85+: 29.2 % • The development of new illnesses and 25,730 conditions which are most commonly experienced in old age (e.g. dementia, Source: Surrey JSNA Elderly People28 Falls Parkinson’s disease) • The impact of frailty, which can include 56,493 Older people • There are currently 30,000 over 85s The issues raised by Britain’s ageing limited mobility, risk of injury, sensory Falls leading in Surrey, who account for 2.6% society are many and varied, and our impairments and incontinence 1IN100 1IN25 1IN6 to hospital admission The number of people aged of the population communities seem to be ill prepared for • Loneliness, isolation and depression29. is 65-69 is 70-79 is 80+ 85+ is continuing to grow • 195,000 or just over 17% of people the dramatic changes they will bring. 4,474 and Surrey has seen a 25% rise living in Surrey are aged over 65 Disability & ill health since 2001. Spelthorne and • While 1 in 6 is currently aged over Statistics show us that generally, people Moderate or Surrey Heath have experienced 65, by 2050 1 in 4 will be in Surrey live longer than the national Disability in older people is expected to severe visual impairment increases of around 40%. ONS • Mole Valley currently has 21% average. This will impact quite significantly rise by 37% between 2010 and 2030 estimates that those aged over of its population aged over 65, on the resources needed to care for according to the ONS. The number 18,575 1IN3 2IN3 80 years will almost double by the highest in Surrey, and Woking people with age-related illnesses, as well of care home residents is likely to rise is 95+ are Health condition caused by 2030. the lowest at 15% as other support. With the continued rapidly. Public and private spending women30 • Over 30% (223) of LSOAs have 20% increase in the cost of living, some on social services for older people is Heart attack • The number of over 65s living of their population aged over 65, and people’s savings and pensions will be predicted to more than double over the The effect of an ageing population will in Surrey will grow 28% by 2033. 8%(56) have over 25% inadequate to enable people to avoid same period. impact on the numbers of people living 10,176 This is on top of the 13% increase • There are 15 LSOAs that have 30% “cliff-edge retirement” by working part-time with dementia, the health and social Stroke already experienced between the last of their population aged over 65, or flexibly in their 60s and 70s. care needs of people with dementia, two census points. The government but some of these have communities and the needs of their carers. 4,801 expects the number of over 65s to for older people sited within them. The Department for Communities expects have doubled by 2050 a 60% increase in households headed Bronchitis or emphysema by somebody aged 65 or over. 3,485

28 Surrey’s Joint Strategic Needs Assessment 29 Alzheimers Society 30 Alzheimers Society 31 Dementia and Mental Health Services for Older People in Surrey Commissioning Strategy (2010-2015) Surrey Uncovered 2013 - People 18/19

Income deprivation Age UK have made some Part of Onslow in & fuel poverty recommendations about the kind 2.place of services that might be run by Guildford is ranked Income deprivation is linked community organisations and have 7th out of 709 LSOAs to health inequality and when positive outcomes in helping people in Surrey for income considering how this affects remain in the community including: deprivation affecting older people in Surrey, the spotlight is thrown onto some • Practical support at home the elderly areas that we do not normally The majority of older people want to focus on. remain in their own homes for as long as possible and practical support can It is surprising to find part of Onslow in have a positive impact. Befriending Guildford ranked 7th out of 709 LSOAs schemes, signposting of information, in the county for income deprivation home adaptations and support with affecting the elderly, although it household chores can improve their wouldn’t normally show up as an area quality of life greatly of concern. As well as containing • Loneliness and isolation the University of Surrey, Onslow also The causes of loneliness not only stems contains a community of older people from physical isolation but lack of and a large area of social housing. companionship. Group activities are Good neighbourhood schemes work particularly valuable in helping older well in these areas as they improve people out of loneliness and isolation, sociability and dissipate isolation, as especially when they take the form of well as other supportive opportunities. preventive physical and mental well- being approaches In addition to the general risks • Information and advice associated with deprivation, older Information and advice services that people are at more risk of being are designed to target the specific admitted to hospital or dying if they needs of identified groups, such as suffer from “fuel poverty” in the winter older people, are more effective than months. those that focus on the interests of agencies The Department of • Technology Fewer people aged 65+ have access Energy and Climate to the internet than younger age Change report that groups, but numbers are increasing on average while rapidly. Conversely, older people who the wealthiest 10% do have home access use the internet more than other age groups, and are of households devote increasingly accessing information, almost 3% of their advice, goods and services via the spending to energy, internet. Computer clubs can help the poorest 10% older people remain safe online thorough providing training and spend 8% on energy support. in the home

Volunteers constructing a ‘bug house’ at Limpsfield Community Orchard, which has been supported by the Community Foundation for Surrey’s donors Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Place 18/19 ce Pla place

KEY FACTS & There is no doubt that Surrey is environment Around 64% of residents work within FIGURES IN SURREY: a great place to live, with many Surrey borders, with a further 20% Surrey is the most accolades attesting to this. Surrey covers 1,670km2, which commuting to London, 9% of whom is equivalent to 8.7% of the total commute to Outer London boroughs. densely populated The ONS Life Satisfaction Survey 2011- area of the South East region. 12 ranked Surrey 15th nationally, and As can be seen in the diagram below, county in the South East 13th when residents were asked how Surrey accounts for over 13% of the some areas are far more densely S i n c e 2 011 worthwhile they thought their life was1. region’s population, making it the most populated than others. Epsom and The Halifax Rural Areas Quality of densely populated and the third most Ewell and Spelthorne are about six there has been a Life Survey found Waverley to be first populated county in the South East. times more densely populated than in Great Britain and Tandridge 17th Dense urban areas exist inside the M25 Tandridge and Waverley. against key indicators covering the to the north of the county and in the large labour market, housing, environment, towns of Guildford, Woking, Reigate, The amount of land that is available % education and health. Redhill and Farnham. These urban areas for development is restricted. There is 25 cover just 34% of the county, but 83% of a housing shortage and our level of increase in statutory homelessness, However, hidden within this affluence the population live in them. resource consumption is high, making are pockets of need and deprivation waste and recycling major concerns. and a 24% increase in that many are oblivious to. Three quarters of the county is households in temporary designated green belt compared with accommodation 73 % just 16% of the region as a whole. OF surrey Surrey’s Area and Population Density (persons per hectare) as shown in the 2011 Census: is designated green belt 1 Spelthorne 2 Runnymede 3 Surrey Heath 4 Woking 21.3 persons 10.3 persons 9.1 persons 15.6 persons Elmbridge Guildford 5 6 7 Waverley 8 Mole Valley 13.8 persons 5.1 persons 3.5 persons 3.3 persons

12,000 Epsom & Ewell 10 Reigate & Banstead Tandridge 9 11 22 persons 10.7 persons 3.3 persons

• Staines • Egham 1 domestic violence incidents were reported 2 in one year, and 1/3 involved alcohol • Esher • • Weybridge 3 5 Nearly • Epsom • Camberley • Cobham 4 • Woking 9

• 10 • Caterham • Oxted 6 • Reigate % • Guildford • 11 10of residents in Mount Hermon West, 8 % Woking have no central heating • Farnham 20 • Lingfield of Woking’s population was born outside the UK 7 compared to 8.7% in Tandridge, representing the highest & lowest • Haslemere figures for the county

1 ONS Subjective Well-being APS (Mar 2011-Apr 2012) Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Place 20/21 ce Pla

Percentage of population who Surrey encompasses suburbs that border Surrey’s popularity as a place to live Connectivity Index (2005). Figures over 100 indicate a higher level of connectivity: live within 2km of a 20 hectare outer London and vast green areas of and work has negative impacts on local authority recreation site: farmland, small towns and villages. its environment, which includes loss of land and habitat, impact on water Surrey is the most wooded county in Great quality and the effects of noise. Britain with 22% woodland coverage compared to a national average of 12%. Getting around: 73% of Surrey is designated green belt Transport & and 25% is designated as ‘Areas of infrastructure Outstanding Natural Beauty’. 0-54% Surrey shares its borders with Surrey has two ‘Areas of Outstanding , , East Elmbridge 135 91 Natural Beauty’ (AONB) - the Surrey Hills Sussex, , and a small part of the High Weald which and . Its proximity Surrey starts in Tandridge. Surrey Hills is one to London, both and of the most wooded AONBs in the country Gatwick airports, and access with 40% covered by woodland, and 25% to major arterial roads, frequent is publicly accessible open green space. rail services into London and For the most part many people in Surrey beyond, makes Surrey an live close to a sizeable green space. attractive county both for business and for people to live in. Pollution Surrey has a high average level of The connectivity index is based on 117 304 44 41 117 158 household car ownership at 87%, proximity to and presence of airports; Elmbridge Epsom & Ewell Guildford Mole Valley Reigate & Runnymede 76-86 % compared to the national average of number of rail stations; ports and Banstead Guildford, Reigate & Banstead, 73%. Coupled with a rising population motorway junctions. The resulting Runnymede, Spelthorne, growth and the demand for smaller figure provides an indication of an Tandridge, Waverley households, this puts undeniable pressure area’s connectivity, with figures over on Surrey’s environment and its pollution 100 indicating a higher than average levels. level of connectivity. 260 104 51 29 201 Spelthorne Surrey Heath Tandridge Waverley Woking As a whole, the county has marginally All Surrey boroughs better air quality than the national average but poorer than the rest of the South East. include rural Elmbridge, Epsom and Ewell, Runnymede populations. Source: ONS and Spelthorne have poor air quality in These vary from under comparison to the rest of the South East. 10% in Reigate & Proximity to the M25, major railway operational capacity, where flow Approximately 13% However, Waverley’s air quality is 21% connections and airports makes many breakdown is increasingly occurring, better than the national score2. Banstead, Epsom & areas of Surrey particularly accessible and results in congestion5. of Surrey households 86-99% Ewell, Runnymede, both nationally and globally. Epsom have no access to a Epsom & Ewell, Mole Valley, High pollution episodes can trigger Spelthorne and & Ewell, Spelthorne and Woking are Surrey’s population density varies car, but this rises to Surrey Heath, Woking increased admissions to hospital and Woking to over all at least twice the national average considerably across the county. 38% in the Sythwood contribute to the premature death of those for connectivity, whilst the more rural Demand for travel is therefore people that are more vulnerable to daily 45% in Tandridge, boroughs score poorly, although the expected to increase in densely area of Woking, and changes in levels of air pollutants. Waverley and Mole rail network to London is extensive in populated areas. over 41% living in Valley most parts of the county. central Epsom Combatting transport’s role in pollution is Traffic flow on A-roads in Surrey is Source: The South East Public Health Observatory an increasing local and national priority. The majority of people, 59% of almost double the national average, Since 2005, there has been a 7.8% residents, travel around Surrey by car. hence transport related problems are reduction in carbon dioxide in absolute Of all the trips to schools in Surrey, a major concern for people living and figures and 10% per capita reduction3. 38% are made by car4. working in the county. 2009, the figure for Surrey was 52%. Congested roads and dispersed travel The major arterial roads in Surrey are While bus services in London had patterns present challenges for bus currently operating close to or above an overall satisfaction rate of 80% in operation6.

2 Index of Multiple Deprivation 2010 Air Quality Score 4 The Surrey Local Economic Assessment 3 Surrey Climate Change Strategy 5 The Surrey Local Economic Assessment 6 Public Transport Statistics Bulletin GB: 2009 Edition; Department for Transport NHT (National Highways & Transport Network) Public Satisfaction Survey 2009 Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Place 22/23 ce Pla

In 2010, a total of 5,331 people were practising Hinduism has increased by Maybury and Sheerwater The wards with the highest levels reported as injured in road collisions in 4% in one ward, but only 1% in the ward has one of the of total crime for April 2013: Surrey. Of these, 41 were killed and 520 borough. Only three other wards in highest number of were seriously injured. 43 children under the South East match these figures, two households, the highest the age of 16 were killed or seriously in and one in Wycombe. The household size, and 1 7 SPELTHORNE injured . % statistics also reflect that there have been the largest population 46 RUNNYMEDE Of Surrey residents who were decreases of 2% in those who describe of 10,574 people. It is In rural areas public transport’s viability is themselves as Christian and 5% in those born overseas have arrived the third most densely ELMBRIDGE limited because of distances to amenities who describe themselves as having no SURREY HEATH EPSOM in the UK since 2000 populated. 37% of its & EWELL 2 WOKING and lower population densities. This religion across Woking, but 29% and population is classed as 4 3 increases the risk of social exclusion and 14% decreases respectively in Maybury White British although REIGATE 5 restricted opportunities for many children and Sheerwater. & BANSTEAD 60% were born in the 6 and young people living in these areas UK. 18% have arrived 8 who have limited access to a car. Many 7 9 Safety since 2004. It has the GUILDFORD TANDRIDGE community workers report that often highest unemployment MOLE VALLEY people they are working with cannot How safe people feel is a figure and 48% have no reach services, or attend other events key aspect of a community’s qualifications. The ward or activities that would be of benefit quality of life. Although there has the second highest rate WAVERLEY because of transport limitations. is a gradual improvement of premature death and % in peoples’ perceptions and number of claimants of Some boroughs and districts have 20 feelings of safety in Surrey, working age benefits. 25% Of Woking’s population community transport schemes run by the gap between perceived and of children live in poverty was born outside the UK, community and voluntary groups that actual risk of crime is persistent 1. Staines (Spelthorne) 6. Titsey (Tandridge) compared to 8.7% fill the gaps for older, vulnerable and and demonstrable. People over- 2. Camberley (Surrey Heath) 7. Holy Trinity (Guildford) disabled people. However, the survival in Tandridge estimate their risk of becoming 3. Epsom (Epsom & Ewell) 8. Friary (Guildford) of these groups is based on funding and a victim of crime. 4. Goldsworth East (Woking) 9. St Nicolas (Guildford) volunteers. Source: Surrey-i 5. Tatsfield (Tandridge) When the fear of crime becomes Cultural diversity & • 46.7% of Surrey residents who were disproportionate to the reality, it can community cohesion born overseas have arrived in the have a devastating effect on a person’s In April 2013, there were 4,251 abuse. Most statistics are to go unreported by most contacts. It is UK since 2000 whilst the figures in sense of freedom. They may feel that their notifiable offences in Surrey8. The gathered through cases that known that in the UK, 54% of rapes are In the UK, we do not have a Runnymede and Guildford are over personal safety is threatened and curtail experienced the have either been self-referred or committed by current or former partners10. method of gauging the diversity 57% and 56% respectively. The lowest their lifestyle, so diminishing their quality highest number of incidents of criminal through agencies. of our communities or the proportion of recent arrivals is 36% of life. People can restrict their social behaviour in Surrey. Economic and financial abuse is one of demographic evenness across in Tandridge. This may reflect the activities through an unwillingness to leave Local police figures indicate that the strongest and more effective tools that geographical areas. However numbers of international students their home, and this can lead to increased • The wards with the highest levels Saturday and Sunday are when a perpetrator has and is the reason many we do have empirical evidence in Surrey studying at the University stress, fear and anxiety. This cycle of of total crime for April 2013 were most calls regarding domestic abuse cannot leave an abusive relationship11. from the Census data that of Surrey in Guildford and Royal fear has a cost to local communities as Staines, Town ward (Camberley), incidents are received. The rate of highlights some recent trends. Holloway, University of London, in people become less willing to engage in Town ward (Epsom), Goldsworth reported incidents varies by borough Egham. community activities. East (Woking), Tatsfield and Titsey in Surrey, with the highest rates found • The proportion of Surrey’s population in Tandridge, Holy Trinity and Friary in Spelthorne, Woking, Reigate & Nearly who were born outside the UK Globalisation has brought new challenges Overall Surrey’s crime rate is 25% less and St Nicolas (both Guildford Banstead and Runnymede. increased from 10.6% in 2001 to and created a diversity of culture than the England average. In 2012 there town wards). Not surprisingly, most 14.2% in 2011 and ethnicity never experienced were 52 offences per 1,000 people. reported crimes take place in town • 78% of new referrals to Surrey 12,000 9 • 4.8% were born in EU countries before. There is an increasing need to According to the UK Crime Statistics there centres . domestic abuse outreach services incidents of domestic abuse were including the Republic of Ireland and facilitate projects that help communities were 265 robberies in Surrey during the • Anti-social behaviour in Surrey sees are suffering emotional abuse, and it recorded by Surrey Police in 2011/12, 9.5% outside the EU be more cohesive. year to February 2013, ranging from 9 a sharp increase over Halloween. is expected that most of this type of and a third involved alcohol. • 20% of Woking’s population was born per month to 34 another. The trend for abuse goes unreported. Spelthorne recorded the highest outside the UK compared to 8.7% in A local example of significant change anti-social behaviour and other crime is Domestic abuse Tandridge, representing the highest is in Maybury and Sheerwater, where generally downwards. However, when Sexual abuse was reported by only 3% percentage per head of and lowest figures for the county there has been a 38% increase in looking at borough and ward levels Available statistics on of cases contacting Surrey’s outreach population people of Islamic faith, but the increase compared to the South East region as a domestic abuse are likely to services but this form of abuse carries in the whole whole, areas of high crime levels do exist underestimate the extent of with it an enormous stigma, so is believed is only 6%. Similarly the numbers and are above the average.

7 Surrey CC website 8 Surrey -i 9 Surrey -i 10 SCC/ Surrey NHS JSNA Domestic Abuse 11 SCC/ Surrey NHS JSNA Domestic Abuse Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Place 24/25 ce Pla

Housing & well-being No home no job, no job no home. Social housing is provided by the local 2011 Census Data LSOA for highest levels of Rented Accommodation: authority or by housing associations. Housing conditions affect Without an address you cannot open a bank The amount of social housing provided Ward/ Area: Social rented: Private rented: people’s health. Inadequate account or claim benefits, and you can only by boroughs varies. Most of the social housing causes or contributes be a temporary patient at a doctor’s surgery housing in Elmbridge, Reigate & Banstead, Woking 005B 63.12 % 8.64% to many preventable diseases Mole Valley, Epsom & Ewell, Surrey Heath and injuries, including and Spelthorne is provided by housing Guildford 012D 62.21% 14.19 % respiratory, nervous system associations. In Waverley, Woking, and cardiovascular diseases Tandridge, Guildford and Runnymede the Woking 004F 59.49% 9.25% and cancer. Health and well- The expanding risk of homelessness in ageing demographics and public majority is provided by the local authority. being is strongly dependent the current climate is heavily concentrated spending cuts, the increase in need Mole Valley 011D 58.6% 8.02% upon a person being in secure, on the poorest and most disadvantaged is rising. The proportion of social housing per Reigate & Banstead 008A comfortable and adequately sections of the community. They lack borough ranges from nearly 13% in 57.91% 5.67% heated housing. the financial and/or social ‘equity’ that Housing stock Runnymede and Guildford and falls to 8% Guildford 007C 55.88% 8.01% enables most people to deal with work The number of homes needed in Surrey in Epsom & Ewell. Social housing makes It is essential that there is enough or personal crises without becoming is rising faster than the population. up over 30% of households in over 10% Surrey Heath 004C 50.72% 4.52% affordable housing to meet need, which homeless. Whilst the number of households of Surrey’s LSOAs. would reduce unsuitable or overcrowded has been increasing, the average Guildford 012C 50.08% 15.58% accommodation, avert homelessness and Help and support to access or maintain household size has been decreasing In 27 LSOAs, over 40% of reduce ill health where this is connected accommodation is essential for someone with approximately 28% households accommodation is social housing; the Runnymede 006D 48.61% 10.65% to the condition of the home. who is already struggling with low containing just one person. highest is 63% in one LSOA in Goldsworth income, mental illness, substance abuse, Park, Woking. Two LSOAs have over Reigate & Banstead 010E 46.47% 7.05% The poor repair of homes is a common frailty or long-term health conditions. The average house price in Surrey in 75% rented accommodation if private cause of home accidents, and use March 2013 was £407,991, compared rentals are included, one in Westborough, Epsom & Ewell 002C 46.24% 6.18 % of proper building materials and People without a home find it immensely to £352,002 in 2009, but variations Guildford and the other in Englefield maintenance could prevent indoor difficult to establish themselves and between districts are enormous. Green West, Runnymede. The whole ward Runnymede 002F 45.56% 30.85% pollutants or mould, causing asthma, individualised help is essential. of Old Dean, which is made up of three allergies or respiratory diseases12. In Surrey, just over 73% of households LSOAs, ranks 18th for the highest level Mole Valley 003D 45.47% 7. 75 % Enabling people with care and support are owner occupied, and only 1% is of rented accommodation in Surrey. The Epsom & Ewell 007A All Surrey borough and district housing needs, to live as independently as part of a shared ownership scheme. ward has only one access point off a main 45.03% 11. 55 % authorities have identified the need to possible in their own homes, is another Just under 25% of people live in rented road on the outskirts of Camberley. Surrey Heath 004A 44.96 % 7. 56 % increase the supply of affordable housing essential service offered by both local accommodation; 11.4% in social as a key priority13. authority and charitable organisations. rented and 13.4% in private rented No central heating & Waverley 002E 43.95% 9.96 % With the drive for ‘care in the community’ housing. fuel poverty for many vulnerable and older people, A small number of people in Surrey, only Reigate & Banstead 015E 43.75% 6.08% Average House Price in December 2012: 1.6%, have no central heating. At district

level, Woking has the greatest proportion Old Dean 42.68% 6 .11 % at 2.3%. Waverley 005C 42.29% 5.14 % The three LSOAs Runnymede 002D 42.24% 21.2% £623,576 £428,570 £422,155 £404,351 £394,874 £372,567 where most residents have no central Elmbridge 008A 42.24% 11.2 8 % Elmbridge Mole Valley Waverley Tandridge Guildford Epsom & Ewell heating are in Elmbridge 014F 41.93 % 11.9 6 % Woking: 9.2% in Mount Hermon West, Guildford 009B 41.37% 12.35 % and over 6% in two Woking 009C 41.28 % 11. 4 6 % LSOAs in Goldsworth £360,019 £356,320 £354,324 £321,833 £281,509 Park East Reigate & Banstead 010A 40.15 % 29.85%

Reigate Reigate & Banstead 005C 40.03% 5.54% Runnymede Surrey Heath Woking Spelthorne & Banstead Source: Surrey-i Source: Land Registry of England and Wales, Crown copyright, Oct-Dec 2012

12 WHO 13 SCC/ Surrey NHS JSNA Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Place 26/27 ce Pla

It is difficult to imagine being affected LSOAs with the highest level of overcrowding: LSOA/Ward with highest levels of Lone Parent Families & Families with Children under 5: by cold housing but the rising cost of energy is making this a reality for many more households. Having to % Lone Parent Households % Families with Children under 5 make a choice between food and 34 % 33 % 30 % heat is now a reality for many and Households deemed Households deemed Households deemed Ruxley 002C Westborough 002D one room too few one room too few one room too few decreased dexterity through cold Epsom & Ewell 17.9 % Guildford 41.3 % increases the chance of accidents at 14 % 14 % 10 % Westborough 012D Goldsworth East 005B home. Households deemed Households deemed Households deemed Guildford 15 % Woking 26.3% two rooms too few two rooms too few two rooms too few Farnham Upper Hale 002E Pirbright ward Other impacts include: Waverley 14.5% Guildford 26.2% • Children’s educational attainment, Stanwell North Maybury & Sheerwater Holy Trinity Holmwoods 011D Goldsworth West 005E (Spelthorne) (004A Woking) (Guildford) emotional well-being and resilience Mole Valley 14.6 % Woking 22.9% • Adolescents are at risk of increased Goldsworth East 005B Court 005B mental health issues Woking % Epsom & Ewell % • Adults’ physical health, well-being 14.3 22.7 and self-assessed general health, in 28 % 26 % 25 % Preston 005B 011D Households deemed Households deemed Households deemed Reigate & Banstead % Woking % particular for vulnerable adults and 14 22.4 one room too few one room too few one room too few those with existing health conditions Old Dean 004C Meadvale & St. John’s 012C Surrey Heath % Reigate & Banstead % • Older people suffer higher mortality 8% 8% 8% 13.1 22.2 risk, physical health and mental Households deemed Households deemed Households deemed Preston Ward Horley East 017A health issues14. two rooms too few two rooms too few two rooms too few Reigate & Banstead 12% Reigate & Banstead 22.1% Esher 013D Preston 005B Staines Maybury & Sheerwater Epsom Town Overcrowding Elmbridge 11. 7% Reigate & Banstead 22.1% (Spelthorne) (004D Woking) (Epsom & Ewell) Walton North 008A 007E The occupancy rating provides a Elmbridge 11. 6 % Woking 21.7% measure of whether a household’s Source: 2011 Census accommodation is overcrowded or Source: 2011 Census under occupied, taking into account, the total number of rooms, the ages Nearly Nearly LSOAs with highest levels of Households with People aged 65+ and one person households aged 65+ of the household members and their relationships to each other. % Households with people aged 65+ % Households with one person aged 65+ Holy Trinity in Guildford and 2 18 % LSOAs in Woking experience extreme % of households in Ruxley South 014F Farnham Castle 003B overcrowding. 75 ward is a lone parent household, Elmbridge 53.6% Waverley 37.2 % of children and young people twice the borough average. Farnham Castle 003B Hersham South 014F living in poverty in Surrey, Waverley % Elmbridge % Who lives in 20% of households in this LSOA 44.9 35.7 these homes? live in a household with also have children aged Alfold, Cranleigh & Ellens Green Alfold, Cranleigh & Ellens Green 15 Waverley % Waverley % one parent under 5 42.2 28.1 We have average size families; slightly Bookham North 006C Oxted North & Tandridge 006C fewer people live alone; slightly Mole Valley 40.6% Tandridge 2 7. 8 % less lone parent families and more Tadworth & Walton 006E Godalming, Farncombe & Cattleshall married couples. ‘Married couples with Considering that currently only 17% often leads to isolation and loneliness, Reigate & Banstead 40.6% Waverley 005E 26.7% dependent children’ households are of the Surrey population is over 65, and the latter does not necessarily Banstead Village 002C Claygate 015C significantly higher in most boroughs areas have significant concentrations prevent these very same problems from Reigate & Banstead 38.8% Elmbridge 26.5% than the South East average. Services of this age group (see diagram on occurring. Cranleigh West 013G Dorking North 009C in these areas experience far greater next page). Many LSOAs with high Waverley 38.4% Mole Valley 26.4% demand, and sometimes the voluntary social housing have larger numbers Fetcham East 005B Englefield 002D and community groups that spring up of older people living in them, as well Mole Valley 37. 6 % Runnymede 26.3% in these neighbourhoods, for example as certain areas where the figures are Oxted North & Tandridge 006C Queen’s Park 005B play groups, need extra support in skewed because there is an elderly Tandridge 37. 5 % Tandridge 25.1% order to be successful. community sited there. The former Ewell Court 004A Banstead Village 002B Epsom & Ewell 37.1% Reigate & Banstead 25% Source: 2011 Census

14 Friends of the Earth, The Health Impact of Cold Homes and Fuel Poverty 15 HMRC (2010) 2008 NI 116 data Personal Tax Credits / Child Poverty Statistics Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Place 30/31 ce Pla

Many vulnerable groups of people accommodation, so meanwhile temporary A single homeless person is unlikely to in Surrey, including frail older people and accommodation would be provided. be in ‘priority need’, unless deemed to be 3.society those suffering with dementia or poor particularly vulnerable. Local authorities mental health, need housing, To become ‘statutory homeless’ requires: should still provide advice and information and there is much unmet need. Other • An entitlement to public funds on homelessness and homelessness groups particularly needing support with (depending on immigration status) prevention; although Crisis reports that this housing include people with learning, • Having some sort of connection often doesn’t happen. physical or sensory disabilities, people to the area with HIV/AIDS, people who misuse drugs • Being able to prove unintentional Figures are collected on the number of or alcohol, women escaping domestic homelessness, and households in ‘temporary accommodation’ abuse, travellers, teenage parents, young • Having a priority need (such as on the last day of each quarter, as people leaving care, offenders and pregnancy, dependent children, being arranged by local housing authorities. In those at risk of offending, and homeless vulnerable as a result of old age, mental most cases, the authority is discharging families with support needs. illness or physical disability or other a main homelessness duty to secure special reason, or someone homeless suitable accommodation until a settled Homelessness due to a disaster). home becomes available for the applicant household. We often use the term ‘homeless’ Since 2002, the priority need category to apply to people ‘sleeping has been extended to: However, the numbers also include rough’. Most government • Young people aged 16 or 17 and those households provided with accommodation statistics relate to the statutory aged 18-20 who were previously in care pending a decision on their homelessness homeless (i.e. those households • Those made vulnerable as a result of application, households pending a review which meet specific criteria time spent in care, in custody or in HM or appeal to the county court of the of priority need set out in Forces, or as a result of having to flee decision on their case, or possible referral legislation, and to whom a their home because of violence or the to another local authority, and households homelessness duty has been threat of violence. found to be intentionally homeless accepted by a local authority). and in priority need who were being Only once you have passed these accommodated for such period as would These statistics are often underestimated stringent tests will one be considered give them a reasonable opportunity to find and do not include those who are ‘hidden ‘statutory homeless’ and only then do local accommodation for themselves. homeless’ - people who have not applied authorities have a duty to house you. to be classified as homeless, or have been This is known as ‘the main homelessness The government estimates the number judged to be ‘not in priority’. dut y’. of rough sleepers in the open including stairwells and doorways, but this does Not all homeless people are entitled to There has been a 25% increase in not include people in hostels or shelters. housing, even on a temporary basis. statutory homelessness and a 24% In England, someone must become increase in households in temporary ‘statutory homeless’. It is then common to accommodation from the previous year have to wait to be allocated permanent ending March 2011.

Numbers of Statutory Homeless, Households in Temporary Accommodation and Rough Sleepers: Households in Temporary Street Estimate Families with children in B&B Statutory Homeless Accommodation of Rough Sleepers accommodated by the authority (Total for 31 March 2011) (31 March 2011) (Autumn 2012) (31st December 2102 Total

Elmbridge 8 22 3 0 33 Epsom & Ewell 5 32 4 5 46 Guildford 6 9 10 1 26 Mole Valley 13 18 2 1 34 Reigate & Banstead 22 24 6 5 57 Runnymede 47 23 6 0 76 Spelthorne 2 7 3 0 12 Surrey Heath 60 50 1 5 116 Tandridge 10 16 1 0 27 Waverley 2 2 0 0 4 Woking 17 28 2 4 51 Total across Surrey 192 231 38 21 Source: Dept of Local Government and Communities Performance by Dance Woking - a local charity which has been supported by the Community Foundation for Surrey’s donors Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Society 30/31 s oc i society ety KEY FACTS & % Surrey is full of vital places Residents FIGURES IN SURREY: 87 and communities. We have an of adults are not extraordinary array of services. of Spelthorne It is rich in diversity and culture exercising at the and most children flourish from are about the sheer assortment of activities recommended on offer. levels An estimated We have highly successful educational % institutions and schools, good hospitals 15 and emergency services, and first class more likely sports facilities. to suffer from bad Higher than average numbers of volunteers or very bad health % give their time and energy and are truly 25 inspirational in what they achieve. They than the rest of adults in Surrey drink above the are from all backgrounds and some of recommended daily limit, In some neighbourhoods the most effective have already travelled of Surrey the path that they are trying to smooth for 5% higher than England’s average. up to others. Some use resources they can ill Runnymede shares afford to contribute, but what is common 1st place in England to all is the sense of worth that is reflected back to them. health & well-being % bad or very bad health: % Many people can afford to buy extra 40 Sunbury Common 008E services as and when they need, but Compared to national and (Spelthorne) of adults have no qualifications this leaves those that live in more regional averages, Surrey restrained circumstances feeling any residents are in ‘good health’. 8.35% hardship more deeply and with less 86% of the population say they Merstham 008A resource for contingencies. Inequality is are in good or very good health. (Reigate & Banstead) more extreme, and for those who live Just 3.5% say they are in bad or in proximity to wealth, the feeling of very bad health, although this 8.18 % In Surrey there segregation is evident. still accounts for over 39,000 Sheerwater 004F people. (Woking) are an estimated An individual’s need is often multi-faceted 8.18 % 12,000 and life events often come along in tandem. However the figures are very different in young carers. Many problems abound and are long-term, local areas. Three in every seven LSOAs Staines South 007C (Spelthorne) and many live in a chaotic fashion. in Surrey have above average bad or 7, 5 0 0 carers very bad health figures. The areas in the 7. 0 8 % diagram on the right have figures that are Lower Kingswood 007C are over 65 Waverley more than double the county average. The (Reigate & Banstead) has a higher rate of suicide Over 11,000 in best health and the wealthiest areas have a direct correlation. 7. 3 4 % compared to the average Surrey live in Thorpe 004B for England social housing in There are several different ways of thinking (Runnymede) about health and well-being. deprived areas, 7.05% with precarious A negative definition would be the Bookham North 006A employment. 22,000 absence of physical illness, disease and (Mole Valley) At the age of 3 older people with mental distress. A holistic definition would 7. 0 3 % be the result of a combination of physical, Horley Central 018D a child living in poverty can already be high care needs live social, intellectual and emotional factors, (Reigate & Banstead) in social housing which reflects much of what this report is about. 7. 01 % 9 months Source: Surrey 2011 Census behind in school readiness Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Society 32/33 s oc i ety

However, for this section’s purpose we will Obesity Under 18 Teenage Conception rates in Surrey in 2010: per 000 use a positive definition and regard health and well-being as the achievement and The escalation of obesity is a maintenance of physical fitness and mental major public health concern stability. Let’s consider some of the issues that has serious health and that affect the individual and hence their financial consequences. community. 53 % of children in Surrey are not Of particular concern is the rising trend in Due to the pockets of increased need participating in more than three overweight and obesity rates in children that exist in the county, there are some hours of PE or sport per week, and young people, with current estimates 20.8 marked health inequalities between areas, worse than the national indicating that by 2050 nearly 25% of Surrey sometimes from street to street. average children in the UK will be obese and nearly 40% will be overweight2. Merstham ward has one of the highest rates of There is no doubt that obesity or being premature death, and 17% particularly those activities that stress classed as overweight is accompanied Runnymede Spelthorne Woking of people have their day the bone, is important for bone health by complex behavioural, psychological, to day activities limited and reducing the risk of osteoporosis social and cultural consequences. 34.1 34 26.3 1 by long-term illness or in later life . Mole Valley Reigate & Banstead Guildford disability. 35% live in Latest estimates show that the prevalence Research has also shown that physical of obesity in Surrey is just over 20%, 24.8 22.1 21.1 32.5 rented accommodation England and 20% have no car. 38% activity in childhood may improve lower than England’s average of 25%. Surrey Heath Elmbridge Epsom & Ewell have no qualifications and cognitive function and academic If those who are estimated to be 17. 4 17. 3 14.3 18% of children live in achievement. Many believe active overweight are also taken into account Tandridge Waverley poverty children are less likely to smoke, this would represent 61% of the adult or to use alcohol or take illegal drugs. population being either overweight or 12.7 12.8 obese. Source: Surrey-i from PCT figures and ONS Physical activity Increasing physical activity levels are a key component of reducing Statistical evidence suggests that obesity Taking part in physical exercise cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, is linked to deprivation and low income, Particular wards and LSOAs also Across England in 2011 infant mortality rates helps control weight, improves diabetes and obesity. The sedentary although one recent piece of research experience very high levels of teenage mood, boosts energy, and lifestyle of many, including computer challenges this. This data further suggests pregnancy. Although, there is a higher were highest for babies registered solely promotes better sleep patterns. game-player’s is storing up problems that those groups at greatest health risk than average teenage pregnancy by their mother and those registered jointly for the future. due to obesity are pregnant women, termination rate in Surrey, there are by parents living at different addresses, at From a public health perspective, women from African-Caribbean and still approximately 200 babies born 5.7 and 5.4 deaths per 1,000 live births helping inactive people to increase • As people get older they usually take Pakistani communities, and people with to teenage mothers each year. their activity level will produce the less exercise. physical and learning disabilities. respectively greatest reduction in risk of ill health • Many people have limited ability Infant mortality and premature death. in everyday activities due to issues Teenage conception such as lack of mobility, illnesses, and pregnancy Surrey has one of the lowest Achieving the recommended levels deprivation and rural isolation. rates of infant mortality in the by the National Perinatal Epidemiology service providers, poor accommodation of activity can be used effectively • There are ten areas where at least Surrey currently has one of country, but still 269 babies Unit report that interventions focused on and overcrowding, and transient lifestyles to manage and prevent over 20 10% more residents suffer from the lowest teenage conception under the age of one year increased participation and delivery of of some from the community. conditions and diseases including this than the county average of rates in the country, which has died in the three year period antenatal care in socially disadvantaged coronary heart disease, stroke, type 13.5%. 8.5% of this total is made gradually fallen over the last ten 2009-11; 64 before a week old, and vulnerable groups of women, 2 diabetes, cancer, obesity, mental up of those of working age, and years. However, there are still 82 before four weeks and 123 including those from a black or minority health problems and musculoskeletal Dormansland and Felcourt, Box areas in the county that have before the age of one. ethnic background have shown very conditions. Hill and Headley, Maybury and particularly high rates for both positive results. Sheerwater and Court are wards under 18 and under 16, such Areas of higher ethnic minority The benefits of physical activity in with the highest numbers. as Spelthorne and Runnymede concentrations have slightly higher Gypsy, Roma and Traveller women are childhood include healthy growth which are higher than the perinatal and infant mortality rates. This is around 20 times more likely than other and development, physical resilience, England average. reflected in the Surrey statistics; Waverley women to experience the death of a child. mental well-being and social interaction. with comparatively little ethnic population Barriers to accessing universal provision In adolescence physical activity, experiences fewer deaths. Research can include a lack of cultural sensitivity by

1 Department of Health 2 Government Office for Science: Modelling Future Trends in Obesity and their impact on Health Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Society 34/35 s oc i ety

Alcohol misuse Seven out of the eleven boroughs within Access to intervention services is often only and 5% crack only. There are still Estimated number of problematic difficult as the population is so widespread a high number of cannabis users, 6% drug users 18+ by local authority: It is estimated that 1 in 4 of Surrey are in the highest ten nationally for compared to delivery venues, and the lives also reported cocaine use and 15% This graphic includes Glasgow University Surrey adults drink above the the percentage of people aged 16+ engaging led by users are so often chaotic. reported ‘other’ as their main drug. 18% estimates calculated on behalf of the National recommended sensible daily in ‘increasing risk’ (formerly known as had adjunctive alcohol use alongside Treatment Agency to determine the potential limit. ‘hazardous’) drinking. The Surrey average is The most common drug of use was heroin their drug problem. 20% were current number of adult problem drug users in the and/or crack (both 65%), 49% opiates injectors. county. National data records that drinking 25%, 4% higher than the South East average Total population National Treatment in the 11-15 age group has been and 5% more than the average for England. Characteristics of the 1,980 people in Treatment for Drug Abuse aged 15-64 Agency estimates declining, but that those that do misuse Runnymede shares first place in England in Surrey in year to March 2010 of potential drug alcohol drink twice as much. The users Surrey Drug and Alcohol Action Team Elmbridge (DAAT) Tellus Survey from 2009 with 12-16 year olds, recorded that 12% of depression and anxiety in adult life with Aged 18-24 86,600 346 young people reported getting drunk Illegal drugs daily users carrying the highest risk. Epsom & Ewell once or twice in the last month, and Groups identified as more vulnerable 6% three or more times in the same The DAAT assessment of young to substance misuse include: children Aged 45+ 47, 6 0 0 211 period. Both were above the national people’s drug and alcohol of substance misusing parents; young 16 % average. treatment needs used national offenders; young people in care; Guildford prevalence research data homeless young people; excluded pupils Binge drinking is more likely in 18-24 and applied this to Surrey or frequent non-attenders; sexually % 93,200 413 year olds. These individuals are more populations to determine local exploited young people; and young 16 likely to commit criminal or disorderly prevalence. people from BME groups. Mole Valley behaviour as a result of their drinking 51,100 227 compared with other regular drinkers of The DAAT estimated that 3,440 young A breakdown of the 181 young people the same age group. Alcohol is the most people aged 18 and under in Surrey used in treatment with the Surrey DAAT team Aged 25-34 Reigate & Banstead used drug by young people accessing drugs frequently in 2008. This was broken in March 2010 shows that: % substance misuse services in Surrey. In down as follows: 76 89,000 395 the three year period to 2009, alcohol- • 107 were male and 74 were female were male specific hospital stays for young people • 1,194 were not from a vulnerable group • 3 young people were aged 12 and Runnymede under 18 numbered 352. • 633 had been arrested at least once under, 36 were 13-14 year olds and % 57, 5 0 0 255 • 909 had been excluded from school 142 over 15 years 21 As no data on alcohol consumption • 655 were frequent truants • There were18 crack and heroin users, Spelthorne is available, synthetic estimates have • 49 were looked after3. 53 used other class A drugs, 69 % been calculated by the North West cannabis and alcohol and 12 alcohol 24 59,600 264 Public Health Observatory, and it is “Using drugs frequently” is defined as only were female thought that those of working age using drugs once a month or more within • There were 7 injectors, 5 previous Aged 35-44 Surrey Heath (25-64) are at the most risk. the past full year. This is not an accurate injectors and 157 young people that measure of problematic use. Problematic had never injected 54,700 242 Alcohol-related health problems tend to substance use will involve patterns of • Their treatment needs were mainly Tandridge present in people aged over 40 who substance use that are more frequent than psychosocial with 3 needing family are more likely to drink at increasing once a month and are also linked with a work and 3 needing pharmacological 53,400 237 risk levels. range of other problematic behaviours. interventions % 93% Substance misuse in adolescents is • 12% of the ‘in treatment’ population 47 were white Waverley Adult hospital admissions related to associated with behavioural, physical and have been receiving treatment for 1-2 alcohol have risen dramatically in mental health problems all of which can years and a further 3% have been in 74,500 330 the last decade and whilst Surrey’s prevent a young person from engaging in treatment for over 2 years Woking average is below the national one, society. • The majority (79%) completed either Surrey Heath, Woking and Spelthorne drug free or with occasional use4 61,400 272 are substantially higher that the county There are five explanations offered by • The DAAT team found that young average. young people as to why they misuse people in care are particularly 31% Surrey 5 substances: belonging, coping, pleasure, vulnerable with regards to substance were parents creativity, and aggression. Frequent misuse. 728,300 3192 cannabis use in adolescence predicts Source: ONS 2008 mid year population estimate, and Glasgow estimates: University of Glasgow, June 2008

3 SCC/ Surrey NHS JSNA Chapter: Substance Misuse 5 North West Public Health Observatory (NWPHO) 2010 4 Surrey DAAT: Young people’s specialist substance misuse treatment Planning Framework 2011/12 Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Society 36/37 s oc i ety

Mental health Eating disorders in managerial and professional households Court has one of the lowest about one third start smoking before age rates of over 65s and When someone experiences B-eat, an organisation set up 16 compared with almost half of those in highest rates of 0-4 years 12 significant changes in their to support those suffering with routine and manual households . in the county. It has one thinking, feelings or behaviour, eating disorders, estimates that of the highest level of JSA and the changes are bad Anorexia Nervosa impacts upon According to the 2007 TellUs2 survey claimants, lone parents, enough to affect how the person 1 in every 100 women between of Surrey schoolchildren, 16% of year 6, young NEET, no or few functions, or causes distress to the ages of 15 and 30 and it is year 8 and year 10 pupils had smoked qualifications and largest them or to other people, that is estimated that 30% of sufferers a cigarette. The national figures from the ethnic populations. It also mental illness. people will experience a poor experience long term illness and same survey were 21%. Children from has a high level of people mental health in any given year lasting physical effects. deprived households are more likely to suffering bad health in the A person who has always had a problem IN be exposed to tobacco smoke, and to county in their feelings, thinking or behavioural 1 4 Also, Bulimia Nervosa continues be smokers than those in more affluent patterns suffers from a developmental of these will be diagnosed as having a the individual’s resilience, the greater the to grow in prevalence with experts circumstances. This is particularly the case problem or a personality disorder. mental health problem; 24 of these will risk of mental illness. reporting 18 new cases per 100,000 in Surrey, where overall smoking rates are Standardised Mortality Rates: be referred to a specialist psychiatric population each year. low, but significantly higher in deprived These kinds of definitions greatly over- service. Six will become inpatients in In affluent Surrey, the inequalities are areas and populations. Court 171 simplify things. All of us experience psychiatric hospitals. more sharply felt, and relative deprivation Around 90% of those diagnosed with Maybury changes from time to time in our is associated with an increased bulimia are thought to be girls, according & Sheerwater 165 feelings, thinking and behaviour, and Serious mental illness affects less than prevalence for depression and anxiety to The National Institute for Health and Merstham 2% of the population, and on average Care Excellence 155 there is no clear cut off between illness or panic disorder. “Poorer mothers . In Surrey and health. Although someone may a person dies every two hours in were more likely to lack friends and be Old Dean 151 have problems which fit the definition England as a result of suicide. Suicide depressed if they lived in high-status Smoking smoking rates are of a mental illness, they may be very is the commonest cause of death in neighbourhoods,” said Kate Pickett, Godalming Central & Ockford 150 healthy mentally in other ways. men under 35 especially in lower Professor of Epidemiology at York. The latest smoking prevalence significantly HIGHER Warlingham East, socio-economic groups, and the main for the county year ending in deprived areas Chelsham & Farleigh 150 Most mental ill health starts in childhood cause of premature death for people Higher incidences of schizophrenia in March 2012, is 15.8%, Preston or adolescence, so interventions to with mental illness6. Social position can urban areas have also been attributed considerably better than the but LOW overall 149 prevent continuing problems is essential have a profound impact on a person’s to an increase in inequality, according regional average. At local Queens Park at this time. mental health. to research by Cambridge University authority level, the highest 148 published in the journal Schizophrenia smoking rates can be found Sunbury Common 145 The World Health Organisation estimates The highest suicide rate is among men Bulletin. A 25% decrease in relative in Spelthorne (18.7%), Waverley that poor mental health accounts for aged 30-44. In men aged 45 to 59, deprivation could decrease the and Woking (17.2%)11. Goldsworth West 144 20% of all lost years of healthy life in suicide has increased significantly probability of mental health disorders Standardised the UK. between 2007 and 2011, and in 2011, by as much as 9.5%9. The areas that A mapping exercise carried out for ASH mortality rate under Leatherhead North 143 more men under 35 died from suicide experience the poorest mental health (Action on Smoking and Health) in 2006 75 (premature death) Stoke in the UK than road accidents, murder in Surrey coincide with the greatest at ward level, showed smoking rates, 143 and HIV/Aids combined. Waverley deprivation. Children in families with socio-economic group and deprivation SMRs are produced to project Weybridge North 143 has the highest rate (8.2 per 100,000) lower income levels have a threefold were incontrovertibly linked. Smoking has how many persons, per compared to the England average of increased risk of mental health problems. been identified as the single biggest cause thousand of the population, will Egham Hythe 134 6.2 per 100,000. Even in the 60+ of inequality in death rates between rich die in a given year and what the age group, men were three times more Twelve wards in Surrey have higher and poor in the UK. Smoking accounts causes of death will be. Staines South 134 likely to take their lives than women7. rates of children aged 5-15 with a for over half of the difference in risk of % Stanwell North 10 mental health disorder than the national premature death between social classes. This is then expressed as a percentage, 133 of children have a There is no doubt that socio-economic average; the six highest are: Preston Death rates from tobacco are two to three so that 100 represents the Surrey figure, Walton Ambleside 128 mental health issue and environmental factors, including (Reigate & Banstead), Old Dean (Surrey times higher among disadvantaged social less than 100 is less than the Surrey poor education, inadequate housing, Heath), Sheerwater (Woking), Stoke groups than among the better off. average and vice versa. Addlestone Bourneside 126 ill-health, living in a workless household, (Guildford), Stanwell North (Spelthorne), poor family relationships and exposure Horley West (Reigate & Banstead). Long-term smokers bear the heaviest 76 out of the 206 wards in Surrey are Horley Central 126 to violence in childhood, can all have However as there is no more recent data burden of death and disease related to above the county average. The table Westcott According to MIND, about 300 people a measurable impact on later mental than 2002, prevalence rates may have their smoking. They are disproportionately shows that Court ward in Epsom has 126 10 out of 1,000 will experience mental health, individual resilience and create since changed . drawn from lower socio-economic groups. the most premature deaths. Holmwoods health problems every year in Britain. social exclusion8. Inevitably the more of People in poorer social groups who smoke 125 230 of these will visit a GP, and 102 these factors that conjoin and the lesser start smoking at an earlier age. Of those Source: ONS observed data for Mortality from all causes over 5 year pooled date 2006-10

6 Samaritans: Men, Suicide and Society 9 Surrey JSNA Mental Health 11 Public Health England: Tobacco Profiles April 2011-March 2012 7 The Campaign Against Living Miserably 10 Surrey JSNA Mental Health 12 ASH website 8 SEPHO: Nurse J and Campion J (2006) Mental Health and Well-Being in the South East Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Society 38/39 s oc i ety

Carers In Surrey there Education Disadvantaged students that perform well at About 10% of Surrey’s residents What is the gap? GCSE are still less likely to go on to higher provided unpaid care in April are an estimated School education in Surrey is generally education at all, let alone to a Russell group 2011. accepted to be of high quality; mostly university 12,000 young carers. very good or excellent state schools, and We have over 7,500 carers over 65 in the largest offering of private schools in The Sutton Trust 2010 Surrey, and it is estimated that there are the country. The problem of inequality 12,000 young carers. A carer provides 7, 5 0 0 carers that exists is the gap that opens up in the unpaid support to someone who could first five years of a child’s life that often not manage without this help. The person are over 65 stubbornly refuses to close. • Child poverty and unequal a difference equivalent to nine months‘ might be ill, frail, disabled or has mental educational opportunities are development in school readiness. health or substance misuse problems. Leon Feinstein’s work shows that the inextricably linked • Only 73% of 5 to 6 year olds from Carers don’t choose to become carers; influence of social class on early • Children’s educational prospects the most deprived areas achieved the if they did not take responsibility, who development is huge and that the reflect the disadvantages of their expected level of writing, compared to would and what would happen to the effect that social economic status has families 90% of those in the least deprived13. person they care for? on a child’s development increases as • Those who are poor, whose parents the child gets older. have low qualifications and no or low Small areas of Normandy, Oxted status jobs, who live in inadequate South, Milford, and have People providing unpaid care in Surrey - 2011 Census: Feinstein’s original graph shown below housing and in disadvantaged 14-15% of its residents carrying groups children not just by their family neighbourhoods, are less likely to gain out caring duties, whereas 3.5% background but by their ability at 22 good qualifications themselves at school. of residents in small areas of West months- Its findings are stark. • By age three, living in poverty makes Horley, Woodhatch, Park Barn, Normandy and Chertsey are providing In Surrey Bright children from poorer families tend to fall back relative to more advantaged peers who have not care for over 50 hours a week. performed as well: 108,433 100 Of which 80 78,920 (9.6 %) of people provided 60 (7%) unpaid care are providing 1 to 19 hours unpaid care a week 40

Of which Of which 20

11, 0 3 9 18,474 (%) distribution in position Average 0 (1%) (2%) are providing 20 to 49 hours 62 82 42 are providing 50 or more 22 122 unpaid care a week 102 hours unpaid care a week Age (months)

High social class - low ability Low social class - low ability Source: Copy of slide presented by Estelle Morris High social class - high ability Low social class - high ability

13 Barnardo’s website Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Society 40/41 s oc i ety

The social gap widens In Surrey, in 2011, educational attainment Despite performing better than the Post education, 2011 Census Breakdown of highest level of qualifications gap was 28% for level five plus (higher national average, in 2011 the percentage pre work for Surrey residents: Research from the Joseph achievement levels) in Mathematics and achieving 2+ A level passes or equivalent Level 1 Level 2 Rowntree Foundation reports English at Key Stage 214. (A*-E) dropped by 2.1 percentage points As a county without a job No qualifications qualifications qualifications that negative attitudes and to 93.4%17. shortage, there is certainly experiences of school, start to By the end of Key Stage 4, this gap a mismatch of skills and need. develop among poorer children widened to 30.1% for young people The attainment gap between those with In February 2013 there from primary school onwards. achieving 5 A*-C including Mathematics Special Educational Needs (SEN) and were 2,595 unemployed and 15.9 % 12.2 % 15.3 % and English at GCSE15. From national those without is also persistently large18. disengaged young people aged The widening gap in achievement can research it would be expected that for Pupils with some degree of Special 16-24 no longer in education or be seen by comparing test and exam white, British-born pupils, the figure was Educational Needs are three to four training. results of students in receipt of free lower and for boys alone lower still. times more likely to become persistent Level 3 Level 4 and above other school meals (meaning their family absentees than those pupils with no We have some inspirational alternative qualifications qualifications qualifications earns less than £16,000) with the rest. Over 96% of young people gain 5 GCSEs SEN. Around one third of pupils from a training opportunities in the county in Clandon and Horsley ward compared Traveller background are termed persistent which are over-subscribed, but young with 51% in Old Dean, and 55% in absentees, a rate more than ten times as people who do not seek advice and 16 In 2012, nearly Cobham Fairmile and Horley Central . high as that seen amongst non-Traveller support cannot access them. Anecdotal 12.3 36.2% 5.1 % pupils19. evidence also suggests a large number of both unemployed and underemployed Widening Gap as Children progress through Key Stages (2005), university graduates in the county. percentage achieved expected grade: The skills gap Wards with highest level of people with no qualification: Key Stage 2 Key Stage 3 Key Stage 5+ % (7-11 ye a rs ) (11-14 ye a rs ) (16-18 years) 5 A recent McKinsey report Box Hill & Headley Godalming Binscombe of Surrey children who sat their Free School Meals estimated that there is going GCSEs were in receipt of (FSM) to be a shortage of high-skilled 526 people 29.5 % 866 people 26.1% free school meals workers. It also found that a Old Dean Preston 61% 50% 19.6 % skills shortage was responsible for unfilled entry level jobs, with 1,013 people 28.6% 562 people 25.7% 30% of UK employers reporting During their years at school, children that a lack of skills caused Stoke Maybury & Sheerwater from families relying on free school “significant problems in terms of 1,417 people 28.3% 2,086 people 25.6% meals do progressively worse, on Non FSM cost, quality and time” or worse. average, relative to the norm. Chertsey St.Anns Staines South At the same time only 35% of UK 83% 77% 47. 7 % 1,401 people 2 7. 6 % 1,383 people 24.2% In 2012, only 43% of Surrey children students claimed that their post- receiving free school meals, gained secondary education had improved their Stanwell North Beare Green 5 GCSE grade A*-C, 30% below the employment opportunities20. average for Surrey. 1,645 people 26.5% 380 people 24% Well over a third of Surrey’s residents Gap Source: 2011 Census The percentage have a university degree or more, but 16% still have no qualifications of young people 22% 27% 28.1% whatsoever. gaining 5 GCSEs at grades A*-C in some 30% of the population of five areas in Surrey wards is less Spelthorne and 40% in the Slyfield area of Guildford have no qualifications. than the national % average of 58% Those with qualifications have higher 23 levels of literacy and numeracy, and of disabled people have no there is plenty of evidence that illustrates qualifications compared to the benefit of this not only to lifestyle and future aspiration, but to community 9% of non-disabled involvement and civic engagement. people

14 Surrey-i 18 Surrey-i 20 McKinsey (Aug/Sept 2012) 15 Surrey-i 19 Surrey-i 16 Surrey-i 17 3 yr averages (2009-11) Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Society 18/19

Arts & culture DIRECT INVOLVEMENT Material/Health • Builds inter-personal ties and promotes volunteering, 4.Economy Surrey’s arts and culture scene is thriving which improves health with many theatres, cinemas, galleries and • Increases opportunities for self-expression and enjoyment historical venues. There are many formal • Reduces delinquency in high-risk youth and informal societies for those that are interested in archeology, architecture, fine Cognitive/ • Increases sense of individual efficacy and self-esteem Psychology arts, languages and more. There are over • Improves individuals’ sense of belonging or attachment fifty libraries across the county, although to a community many are only open at certain times. • Improves human capital: skills and creative abilities Interpersonal • Builds individual social networks The Arts Council has produced a threefold • Enhances ability to work with others and communicate ideas definition of the purpose of the arts: Economic • Wages to paid employees • To increase people’s capacity for life Cultural (helping them to “understand, interpret • Increases sense of collective identity and efficacy and adapt to the world around them”) Social • Builds social capital by getting people involved, by • To enrich people’s experiences (bringing connecting organisations to each other and by giving “colour, beauty, passion and intensity participants experience in organising and working to lives”) with local government and nonprofits • To provide a safe site in which people Audience Participation can build skills, confidence and self-esteam. Material/Health • Increases opportunities for self-expression and enjoyment • Relieves Stress The Arts Council also claims that other Cognitive/ • Increases cultural capital Psychology forms of endeavour do some of these • Enhances visuo- spatial reasoning things, but only art does all three. • Improves school performance

With austerity there is a rush to find value Interpersonal • Increases tolerance of others measurements to try to calculate the worth Economic • People (especially tourists/visitors) spend money on attending of visiting museums or watching the ballet. the arts and on local businesses. Further, local spending Opinion polls are currently asking the by these arts venues and patronised businesses has general public what they are prepared to indirect multiplier effects pay for these services. Cultural • Builds community identity and pride leads to positive commuunity norms, such as diversity, tolerance and free Most government and corporate expression sponsorship funding does not find its way Social • People come together who might not otherwise come to participatory activities, although it is into contact with each other well documented that the social benefits Artist/ Org presence being achieved are for the participants, not solely by the people who come Material/Health • Increases individual opportunity and propensity to see the final product. There is no to be involved in the arts doubt that access to the arts should be Economic • Increases propensity of community members to participate widened, particularly in regard to urban in the arts regeneration and combating social • Increases attractiveness of area to tourists, businesses, exclusion. people (especially high- skill workers) and investments • Fosters a “creative milieu” that spurs economic growth The table on the right summarises all the in creative industries benefits of direct involvement, audience • Greater likelihood of revitalization participation or having the presence of Cultural • Improves community image and status an artist or artistic or cultural organisation Social locally, for both the individual and a • Promotes neighbourhood cultural diversity community21. • Reduces neighbourhood crime and delinquency

Source: This grid is an expansion of one developed by Kevin McCarthy of the RAND Corporation and used in How the Arts Impact Communities Horticulture training programme run by Oakleaf enterprise which has been supported by the 21 EPPI – Centre (University of London) The Impact of engagement Community Foundation for Surrey’s donors in Culture and Sport (July 2010) Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Economy 44/45 economy economy

KEY FACTS & Surrey is an innovative and Concern over the changes in housing Economic FIGURES IN SURREY: affluent county with a service- benefit; the lowering of the maximum performance Surrey has 2,205 NEETs based economy closely tied to allowed, the method of payment and the that of London. We have the so called ‘bedroom tax’ are now starting Surrey’s Gross Value Added (not in Education, Employment or Training) highest Gross Domestic Product to roll out and their implications will begin (the contribution made to the aged 16-24 of whom 40% have been per capita of any county in the to bite. Also 60% of the benefits squeeze UK economy) was worth over claiming Job Seekers Allowance (JSA) for UK and the highest cost of living will affect working families. It is expected £30 billion in 2011, increasing in the UK outside of London. that over the next twenty years, there will by £1 billion a year for both the more than 6 months be a further shift in Surrey towards higher previous two years. Many residents enjoy high salaries and end occupations, as knowledge-based accumulated wealth because so many sectors drive innovation and enterprise. On this basis, Surrey is the largest sub- work in the financial services sector. regional economy in the South East. We are doubly fortunate that Surrey’s The number of available apprenticeship Surrey’s Gross Value Added per head economy is highly competitive, being rich placements in Surrey are below the and disposable income per head is in knowledge-based companies, making national average, and there are currently about 27% above the UK average. up 36% of its wealth, and providing over 2,500 young people (under the age strong economic growth throughout this of 19) who are not in work or training, Gross Disposable Household Income recession. many of whom are being disappointed per head in 2011 was £22,068, a by our ‘process driven’ system and need 3.2% increase from the previous year. 1,890 The amount we contribute per head a more individualised opportunity. With Surrey contributed £5.76 billion to the to economic growth in the UK is only globalisation has come rapid change to Exchequer in income tax in 2009/10, Adults aged 16-64 have been surpassed by Inner London and Berkshire, the economy and the workplace, and it the largest contributor in the region1. claiming JSA for six months or more. and our economy generates more value is irrefutable that the skill set now needed than Birmingham, Leeds,or Liverpool. to thrive and provide aspiration for your In the last UK Local Competitiveness Surrey’s disposable income A 6% rise from the children is very much more sophisticated Index 2010, six of Surrey’s 11 previous month The universal drive for growth impacts than it once was. boroughs and districts are ranked is above the UK upon the less ‘well off’, and counter in the top 25 nationally. Elmbridge arguments exist about its benefit to is sixth out of 3082. In 2009 and 27% average society and its effect on inequality. 2010, Guildford was ranked the most Is rising inequality part of the normal competitive ‘city’ in the UK3. Grouped growth process, or will inequality hold with East and West Sussex, Surrey back growth? Some see growth as the is ranked 12th in terms of European Over route out of poverty. The jury is still out, ‘regions’4. but it is well documented that we have 2,500 been experiencing high inequality, where Surrey has a well-qualified workforce the super-rich get richer, and the rest young people are not with 36% of the working age share a smaller proportion of the wealth. in work or training population qualified to degree level or higher. However, 28% have Unemployment is still exceedingly low, qualifications below level 2 (GCSE) % but long-term unemployment is increasing. standards. Although benefits have been rising by 20 more than inflation, the new benefit rules of young people will make things much more difficult for make up Surrey’s unemployed with many. up to 24% in some boroughs

Surrey has more organisation and company headquarters

than any other county in the UK 1 Surrey-i 3 European Commission: Regional Competitiveness Index 2010 2 University of Wales: Competitiveness Index 2010, 4 European Commission: Regional Competitiveness Index 2010 Centre for International Competitiveness Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Economy 46/47 economy

Business & enterprise Labour market Unemployment JSA CLAIMANTS by Borough: Worklessness The ‘workless’ population also includes those who are available for work, but All adults, aged 16-64 All adults, aged 16-64 Surrey is home to just over Surrey’s economic vitality The most up-to-date way of claiming, April 2013 claiming as a % of Worklessness includes not claiming benefits. This might include 60,000 businesses5. Of these makes it highly competitive measuring unemployment is resident population everyone who is without a job NEET, and ‘hidden’ unemployed, for businesses, 20% are located when compared against global by using Jobseeker’s Allowance April 2013 - both the unemployed and the example, those young people subsidised in rural areas6. There are standards. (JSA) claimant data. Elmbridge economically inactive. by parents/ guardians, or people affluent just under 300 businesses in enough not to claim benefits. These Surrey that have 200 or more It has low unemployment relative to the In April 2013 there were 10,920 1,096 1.3 Unemployment is to be without a job, groups are difficult to ‘capture’ statistically employees; the majority of rest of the South East and UK, but 20.7% claimants, equivalent to 1.5% of working to want a job, to have actively sought although there is strong anecdotal Epsom & Ewell Surrey’s businesses (88%) are of Surrey’s working age population age people, showing a downward trend12. work in the previous four weeks, and be evidence to suggest that they exist in microbusinesses employing is economically inactive, a higher 732 1.5 available to start in the next two weeks. Surrey. fewer than 10 people7. percentage than in most comparative The economically inactive are those economic areas. Possible explanations Guildford without a job, who have not actively Barriers to Work Surrey’s entrepreneurial culture is shown include a greater number of early retirees, sought work in the last four weeks and/or in its business start-up rates: 7,150 new a higher proportion of those that are sick 1,355 1.5 are not available to start work in the next There are many different enterprises were started in 20118. The or acting as carers, and a higher student two weeks. reasons that an individual South East is recognised as a European population, or a combination of all of Mole Valley is unable to gain work, and Regional Innovation Leader, which of these. 2,340 651 1.3 Some of the economically inactive some individuals have many course includes Surrey9. people have claimed Job population would like to work, but might contributing factors. Seeker’s Allowance for more Reigate & Banstead need support to do so, including lone Surrey has a high business survival rate. parents and/or those with disabilities. The Department of Communities and Local than 12 months - 4.5% After one year (based on businesses more than last year 1,536 1.7 It is this cohort, those economically Government splits these barriers into: ‘born’ in 2005), 96.5% of Surrey’s inactive but who want a job, in addition businesses were still operating10. Business Runnymede to the unemployed, that make up the • Supply-side factors: lack of skills and Density is measured by active enterprises 763 1.4 workless population. qualifications, including job specific skills per 10,000 population, and stood at 20.7% The total number of people claiming or recent experience and/or behavioral 534 in 2010-11, a slight drop from the of Surrey’s working age JSA for more than 12 months was 2,340, Spelthorne According to “Surrey Workless problems previous year11. population is economically over 20% of the total, and a rise of nearly Assessment”, 7.9% of Surrey’s working • Demand-side factors: conditions in the inactive 4.5% over the year. 1,185 1.9 age population were on some form of labour market including the volume and work-related benefit in February 2010. type of jobs available In the month to February 2013, there Surrey Heath Of the key benefit claimants, most are • Institutional factors: the infrastructure was an upward trend from the previous receiving some form of incapacity that can inhibit or encourage the month in the number of claimants in five 834 1.5 benefit. The vast majority are claiming working of the labour market, of the Boroughs; Elmbridge, Runnymede, this benefit for mental health and/or including the dynamics of the housing Tandridge In September 2012, 57% of jobs were in Spelthorne, Tandridge and Woking. behavioural disorders13. market, the effects of the benefit management and professional occupations 839 1.6 system, transport and work-related and the number of low-skilled jobs is likely While unemployment levels are generally A high level of worklessness is training. to decrease in the future. low across Surrey, there are concerns Waverley associated with adverse social outcomes at local level. About eighty LSOAs in and is linked to deprivation. A relatively high proportion of Surrey The recession caused our unemployment Surrey have over 3% unemployment. 938 1.3 residents are either without a Level rate to rise to 2.1% in May 2009 from There are three main groups that make 2 qualification (GCSE) or have no Woking 0.7% in May 2008, before falling to 1.7% The ward of St. Michaels in Surrey up the workless: qualifications. However, the proportion in August 2010. It has levelled around this Heath has 108 claimants, equivalent 991 1.5 of our working age population with figure but long-term unemployment is rising. to 10% of the economically active • Those in receipt of Jobseeker’s qualifications at NVQ Level 4 (degree population, and two areas in Spelthorne Surrey Allowance – people out of work, level) and above is higher than in Demographic change will impact Surrey’s have 56 and 67 claimants, equivalent looking for work and claiming benefits comparative economic areas. labour market. Surrey has a high pension to 5.8%. 10,920 1.5 • Those receiving Incapacity Benefit, age population relative to comparative income support, Employment and Source: DWP Benefit Claimants, economic areas, and this is predicted to The largest number of unemployed (resident population as at 2011 Census) Support Allowance and/or Severe increase disproportionally to the working people in one ward is 122 (4.5%) Disablement Allowance age population. A contraction in the in Old Dean, Camberley. • Those claiming Income Support for working age population could have Lone Parents long-term implications on Surrey’s relative economic position.

5 Surrey-i 9 European Commission: Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2012 13 SCC: Worlessness Assessment (January 2011) 6 Surrey-i 10 Surrey-i 7 Surrey-i 11 S u r r e y - i 8 Surrey-i 12 Nomis Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Economy 48/49 economy

Disability & NEET 18-24 year-olds (April 2013) Research by the charity ‘Tomorrow’s 27 wards each have over 10 young 16-18 year old NEETs - March 2013: employment by borough claiming JSA: People’ has identified the following early people aged 16-18 who are NEET Number of warning signs for a young person aged totalling 38% of the county’s total. Number of % of all JSA 16-24 year-olds The ONS Labour Force Survey reported in claimants aged 16-24 year-olds 14 likely to become NEET. Such factors Borough & Ward March 2013 claiming JSA 24 and under claiming JSA 2009 that nationally: over six months include poor Key Stage 2 scores (aged The largest single concentration is in 11), living in social housing, no internet Spelthorne: Stanwell North, Ashford Elmbridge Guildford • Only half of disabled people of working connection at home, parents who are North & Stanwell South adjoin one Westborough 22 age are in work, compared with 80% of unemployed or in low-skilled jobs, teen another, and Staines South is a few non-disabled people 20.7% 220 55 smoking, truanting and/or exclusion16. streets away. • 23% of disabled people have no Spelthorne qualifications compared to 9% of Epsom & Ewell The Government has increased the age Surrey had 978 NEETs aged 16-18 Ashford North, Stanwell South 22 non-disabled people to which all young people in England at the end of March 2013, over 13% & Staines South • 19% of the working population 20.1% 140 45 must continue in education or training, higher than 2 years ago, and has in Great Britain had a disability requiring them to continue until the end been following an upward trend since Elmbridge • Over 30 LSOAs in Surrey have over Guildford of the academic year in which they October 2012. 20% of residents with ‘long term turn 17 from 2013, and until their 18th Walton North 20 illness or disability, with day-to-day birthday from 2015. 18.8% 250 70 In the ward of Stanwell activities limited’ according to the North, 50% of adults have Spelthorne 2011 C e n s u s . Young people previously in Year 11 Mole Valley no qualifications and 14% Stanwell North 19 and below are affected. Raising the of 16-64 year olds claim Youth unemployment participation age does not mean young working age benefits. 18.2 % Epsom & Ewell 115 35 people must stay in school; they will 23% of children live in Court The most significant rise be able to choose one of the following poverty and this ward and 18 in unemployment since the Reigate & Banstead options post-16: its surrounding areas has recession started has been the highest concentration Reigate & Banstead amongst the young; a ‘lost 20.7% 325 80 • Full-time education, such as school, of NEETs in the county. Horley West 17 generation’ according to the college or home education It has one of the highest media. Runnymede • An apprenticeship number of lone parent • Part-time education or training households and nearly Woking In April 2013, there were 2,205 young if they are employed or self-employed Maybury and Sheerwater 16 21.7% 160 50 59% of children do not people aged 24 and under claiming JSA. • Volunteering full-time (which is defined achieve 5 A*-C (inc. English as 20 hours or more a week)17. Spelthorne and Maths) GCSEs or Elmbridge • Young people accounted for over 20% equivalent. The ward has Hersham North, of all JSA claimants in Surrey Some 16/17 year olds not in Education, one of the highest number Epsom & Ewell 24.3% 280 75 • 620 of these young people had been Employment or Training, receives of people providing more Ruxley and Stamford claiming for over 6 months (28% of the no automatic financial support or than 50 hours or more of Surrey Heath Guildford total) information and advice. This is a unpaid care Stoke and Ash Wharf • 270 young people (12%) had been serious risk for this group, who can Mole Valley 22.8% claiming for over 12 months 180 55 experience two years or more out of Leatherhead North work, education or training before Reigate & Banstead What is more, the number of NEETs under Tandridge any recovery programme begins. By South Park & Woodhatch, 24 has been rising over the past decade, the time they enter the formal benefit Redhill West, Horley Central, 10-14 well before the current economic crisis 24.6% 170 60 system aged 18 and become eligible for Earlswood & Whitebushes, Preston, began, suggesting this is a deepseated support, the damage may already be Runnymede structural problem within UK society14. done. Waverley Addlestone North Spelthorne The NEET group is one of the most Young carers aged 16-18 years are 18.1% 165 45 & Green, vulnerable, and statistics show that if twice as likely to be NEET. Sunbury Common, Halliford & someone has not worked by the age of Woking Sunbury, West and Ashford East 23, they will face long-term damage to Woking their future wages and employment Kingfield & Westfield, 15 22.4% chances . 200 50 Knaphill and

Source: DWP Benefit Claimants, April 2013 Source: Surrey County Council (March 2013) (figures are rounded)

14 SCC: Worklessness Assessment (January 2011) 15 Tomorrow’s People Report with Bristol University “ Rescuing a Lost Generation” 16 Tomorrow’s People Report with Bristol University “ Rescuing a Lost Generation” 17 Department for Education: Raising the Participation Age, October 2012 Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Economy 18/19

The ONS figures show that although Surrey’s current development as a the pay gap between male and female ‘knowledge economy’ will reinforce and 5.Thriving fulltime workers has shrunk in the year perhaps intensify inequalities. In such a to April 2012, the position for part-time vital economy there are increasing returns workers, most of whom are female, to highly educated people capable of Income was reversed, with female workers thriving in the knowledge-driven service earning on average 8% more than economy, and declining opportunities for inequality males. the poorly educated and ‘excluded’ low Communities income groups and communities. The ONS found that in April 2012, is rising there were 287,000 (1.1%) people in jobs paying less than the national minimum wage.

National Minimum Wage Rates for 2012 per hour: Income inequality

Each year the government produces statistics about the distribution of income in the UK. This data, Households Below Average Incomes or HBAI £ provides information about 2.65 * poverty, inequality and average Apprentice income.

In 2002 HBAI showed a growth in living standards and falling levels of poverty, although inequality was still £ increasing. A decade later however, 3.68 2012’s report shows that since the Under 18 recession started, average incomes have fallen by near-record amounts, and inequality has risen to levels last seen in the mid 1990s. £ The think tank, ‘High Pay Centre’ go 4.98 further; they state that in 2012, the 18-20 nation returned to levels of income inequality last experienced in the Great Depression.

Although relative poverty continues to fall, as is the poverty line, the poor £6.19 on average are worse off in absolute 21 & over terms.

In the twelve years between April 2000 and 2012, inflation has outstripped the rise in average pay, with this trend accelerating after 2007. From this period to April 2012, prices have risen by 18% while average annual earnings have * This rate is for apprentices under 19 or those in their first year. For those 19 or over and past gone up by just 10%. the first year, the rate that applies for the individuals is the hourly rate19. The Woodhouse Centre in Oxted, which has been supported with funding from the Community 19 Living standards, poverty and inequality in the UK (2012) Foundation for Surrey’s donors Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Thriving Communities 52/53 T hr i v i Thriving Communities C ommun ng KEY FACTS & FIGURES HELPING Communities Local giving - Improving lives - for the community foundation for surrey TO THRIVE How does it work? What have we achieved? COMMUNITY FOUNDATION The Foundation has a growing

FOR SURREY – Why research family of charitable funds The Community Foundation i t

community needs? established by individuals, has awarded £3.5 million in e Established in families, companies and trusts. grants to support 1,300 local s The Community Foundation for Surrey is These funds support projects community and voluntary dedicated to inspiring local philanthropy that meet the donor’s, personal projects since it was established and building permanent resources to criteria and wishes. eight years ago. 11a rea improve the lives of people across the 2005 county. It is an independent charitable Donor’s can channel their giving through In addition, the Foundation has built trust, established in 2005, and is part a fund in their name and can select fund permanent community funds of £6.5 funds of a network of Community Foundations themes, criteria and the geographical million from which the income generated People coming together to build their across the UK. area they wish to support. The Community is used to award grants in perpetuity to own community fund for their village, Foundation provides the grant making support local community groups. This report and our on-going research skills, advice and support to make giving town or borough raises awareness of local needs and to local communities easier and ensure Grants have supported a width of provides a powerful case for increasing grants are targeted to greatest need, community need in Surrey including: local philanthropy. Through its family of based on knowledge and understanding donors, the Foundation is able to support of local communities in Surrey. • Supporting facilities for young people local community and voluntary groups • Reducing isolation for older people to achieve the most amazing things - our Local people are also coming together • Improving community facilities grant-funded projects are at the forefront through the Community Foundation • Training in IT, literacy and numeracy Total funds generated of tackling community needs and help to build a community fund for their to develop confidence and skills the most vulnerable and isolated people village, town or borough. Donations • Supporting children and people with across Surrey. are pooled into a collective fund and disabilities and their carers grants are made to support local • Helping high need families and £10,000,000 community and voluntary groups children helping local people. • Reducing drug and alcohol problems £3.5 million grants awarded • Helping people and their children Through its understanding of local suffering from domestic abuse and £6.5 million Total permanent funds issues and its network of local homelessness generating on-going income for local communities contacts, the Community Foundation • Supporting communities to develop makes perceptive and well-targeted sports and arts projects. grants ensuring that funding gets to where it is really needed and where it 80 can make the most difference. donor-advised funds established by individuals, families, companies Our principle remains the same: Number of and trusts grants awarded “Local people supporting other local people in need, and by working 1,300 together improving the quality of life in Surrey”

Themed funds: Arts & Sports Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Thriving Communities 54/55 T hr i v i ng C ommun ng

Philanthropy - The five key benefits are: • Ability to join a community Examples of local grassroots community projects supported by the Community Foundation for Surrey’s What are the benefits of donors with similar donors include: of giving? • The gift may be make or break - philanthropic objectives - A community group helping families in There is opportunity to network with

Establishing a Fund within the challenging circumstances, Surrey-wide, other donors, receive updates of local i t

Foundation enables donors to required just £4,000 to support its work issues and share experiences. e benefit from the Community for a year. without the donation it would • Great cash incentives - s Foundation’s knowledge of local have ceased operation. Donations are tax efficient. need, connections to the small • Donors can see how their money Gift Aid adds 25% and for endowment £2,500 £2,423 £ grassroots community groups, is being used and the good that funds, every £2 donated can be 2,879 professional assessment and it has done - matched with £1 from the Government’s to fund a volunteer befriending to fund a bathing service to fund communication classes due diligence of grants ensuring There is opportunity for site visits and a Community First Programme, only scheme to support vulnerable for elderly people including practice of Moon, funds are spent in the way full report at the end of the project on its accessible through Community and isolated older people in Braille and Typing/IT skills for intended. Donors can also see impact. Foundations. the impact of the grants they • Access to research enabling Surrey Heath people who are visually have awarded including site donations to be put to best impaired visits to see projects in action. possible use - This report and the Foundation’s on-going research enables donors to understand local issues on a local ward or sub ward basis. This enables a sharper focus to be brought to local giving. £10,000 £7, 8 0 0 £7, 5 0 0 Effective giving: An example of donation with Community First matched funding: to fund training and skills for a manual skills workshop to provide vocational for vulnerable and at to support young people training for young people risk young people at risk of exclusion with special needs Community First from school A donation of Gift Aid match funding £20,000 + £5,000 + £10,000 Funding becomes more than the pure monetary £3,000 £3,474 value - donations are escalated as to support children affected to recruit and train 15 new they combine with = £35,000 for local communities by domestic abuse volunteers to support disadvantaged families with volunteer effort, For higher rate tax payers donations more than double, children under 5 years who skill and passion to making this a very effective way of supporting local communities. are struggling to cope transform lives…. notes

Please use biro on these notes pages to avoid smudging.

inspiring local giving for local need

Community Foundation for Surrey 1 Bishops Wharf, Walnut Tree Close Guildford, Surrey GU1 4RA

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