DOCSLIB.ORG

Durham E-Theses

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Durham E-Theses Durham E-Theses Geochemical consequences of subduction zone metamorphism: Case studies of metamorphic rocks from Palaeozoic subduction zone complexes in Tianshan and Qilian Orogenic Belts, NW China XIAO, YUANYUAN How to cite: XIAO, YUANYUAN (2012) Geochemical consequences of subduction zone metamorphism: Case studies of metamorphic rocks from Palaeozoic subduction zone complexes in Tianshan and Qilian Orogenic Belts, NW China , Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3624/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Geochemical consequences of subduction zone metamorphism: Case studies of metamorphic rocks from Palaeozoic subduction zone complexes in Tianshan and Qilian Orogenic Belts, NW China Yuanyuan Xiao Subduction‐zone metamorphism (SZM) is considered to be a major geochemical process on Earth of both petrological and geodynamic significance that triggers the subduction‐zone magmatism and contributes to the mantle compositional heterogeneity. To understand SZM and elemental responses to SZM, detailed petrological and geochemical studies were conducted on metamorphic rocks of basaltic and sedimentary protoliths from two orogenic belts, i.e., Western Tianshan and North Qilian Mountain, in NW China. Based on the bulk‐rock geochemistry of rocks from ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belt of Western Tianshan, different elemental mobility/immobility has been identified using the inter‐elemental correlations. Mineral compositions have also been analyzed for the same rocks. The significant elemental hosts are phengitic muscovite, paragonite, garnet, epidote group minerals, rutile and titanite. Together with detailed petrography and considering a series of plausible metamorphic reactions, we conclude that it is the presence and stability of these minerals that largely controls the geochemical behaviors of chemical elements during SZM. In terms of both bulk‐rock composition and mineral geochemistry for rocks from North Qilian Mountain, we conclude the same except the mobility of U, which may be attributed to the seafloor alteration rather than SZM. The consistent immobility of U, Th and light rare earth elements (LREEs), like high field strength elements (HFSEs), during SZM indicates that the enrichment of these elements in arc magmas is not caused by simple dehydrated aqueous fluids. Therefore, the traditionally accepted fluid flux induced‐melting needs reconsideration in order to explain the arc signature in melts produced through subduction‐zone magmatism. In addition, the lack of Rb/Sr‐Sm/Nd (or Lu/Hf) correlation in these and other metabasites world‐wide is inconsistent with the observed first‐order Sr‐Nd (or Hf) isotope correlation in oceanic basalts. Hence, the subducted residual ocean crust cannot be the major source materials for oceanic basalts although it can contribute to mantle compositional heterogeneity. Geochemical consequences of subduction zone metamorphism: Case studies of metamorphic rocks from Palaeozoic subduction zone complexes in Tianshan and Qilian Orogenic Belts, NW China Yuanyuan Xiao A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Durham University Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University April 2012 Table of Contents Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... i List of Figures ............................................................................................................................ vii Abbreviation List ......................................................................................................................... xi Declaration ................................................................................................................................. xiii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. xiv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ - 1 - 1.1 THE GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SUBDUCTION ZONES AND THE PROBLEM .............................................................................................................................................. - 2 - 1.1.1 For Arc Magmatism ....................................................................................................................... - 2 - 1.1.1.1 Arc magmatism formation and ‘‘characteristic arc signatures’’ ........................ - 2 - 1.1.1.2 Across-arc variations and tracers for subducting/subducted components .......... - 3 - 1.1.2 Heterogeneous Mantle Compositions ................................................................... - 5 - 1.1.3 The Significance of SZM ........................................................................................ - 6 - 1.2 THE INTRA-OCEANIC-TYPE SZM ................................................................................ - 7 - 1.3 MODELS OF GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES DURING SZM ...................................... - 10 - 1.3.1 Previous Models, Limitations and General Progresses ....................................... - 10 - 1.3.2 Trace Element in Different Mineral Phases ......................................................... - 13 - 1.3.3 Stability of HP-UHP Metamorphic Minerals ......................................................... - 13 - 1.3.4 About Fluids During SZM ..................................................................................... - 14 - 1.3.5 Response of Chemical Elements to SZM ............................................................ - 16 - 1.3.5.1 LILEs (including Ba, Rb, Cs, K), Pb, Sr mobility/immobility .......................... - 17 - 1.3.5.2 Ambiguous mobility/immobility of LREEs ..................................................... - 18 - 1.3.5.3 Th and U ................................................................................................... - 18 - i Table of Contents 1.3.5.4 HFSEs immobility and Nb/Ta ratios ............................................................. - 19 - 1.4 THESIS AIMS AND OUTLINE ...................................................................................... - 21 - 1.5 AUTHORS CONTRIBUTIONS ...................................................................................... - 23 - 1.5.1 Chapter 4 ............................................................................................................. - 23 - 1.5.2 Chapter 5 ............................................................................................................. - 24 - 1.5.3 Chapter 6 ............................................................................................................. - 25 - 1.5.4 Chapter 7 ............................................................................................................. - 25 - CHAPTER 2: GEOLOGICAL SETTINGS .............................................................................. - 27 - 2.1 WESTERN TIANSHAN ................................................................................................. - 28 - 2.1.1 The Geography and Geology of Tianshan .......................................................... - 28 - 2.1.2 Tectonic Evolution of the Chinese Western Tianshan ......................................... - 30 - 2.1.3 UHP Metamorphic Belt in the Chinese Western Tianshan .................................. - 34 - 2.1.3.1 The recognition of the HP-UHP metamorphic belt ................................. - 34 - 2.1.3.2 About the UHPM in Chinese Western Tianshan .................................... - 35 - 2.1.3.3 UHP metamorphic rocks ......................................................................... - 36 - 2.2 NORTH QILIAN MOUNTAIN ........................................................................................ - 39 - 2.2.1 Geological Settings of North Qilian Mountain ...................................................... - 39 - 2.2.2 Tectonic Evolution of North Qilian Mountain ....................................................... - 41 - CHAPTER 3: ANALYTICAL METHODS ................................................................................ - 44 - 3.1 BULK-ROCK GEOCHEMISTRY ................................................................................... - 45 - 3.1.1 Major Elements .................................................................................................... - 45 - 3.1.1.1 XRF ......................................................................................................... - 45 - 3.1.1.2 Chemical pretreatments and data quality ............................................... - 46 - 3.1.2 Trace Elements ...................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Silk Road Fashion, China. the City and a Gate, the Pass and a Road – Four Components That Make Luoyang the Capital of the Silk Roads Between 1St and 7Th Century AD
    https://publications.dainst.org iDAI.publications ELEKTRONISCHE PUBLIKATIONEN DES DEUTSCHEN ARCHÄOLOGISCHEN INSTITUTS Dies ist ein digitaler Sonderdruck des Beitrags / This is a digital offprint of the article Patrick Wertmann Silk Road Fashion, China. The City and a Gate, the Pass and a Road – Four components that make Luoyang the capital of the Silk Roads between 1st and 7th century AD. The year 2018 aus / from e-Forschungsberichte Ausgabe / Issue Seite / Page 19–37 https://publications.dainst.org/journals/efb/2178/6591 • urn:nbn:de:0048-dai-edai-f.2019-0-2178 Verantwortliche Redaktion / Publishing editor Redaktion e-Jahresberichte und e-Forschungsberichte | Deutsches Archäologisches Institut Weitere Informationen unter / For further information see https://publications.dainst.org/journals/efb ISSN der Online-Ausgabe / ISSN of the online edition ISSN der gedruckten Ausgabe / ISSN of the printed edition Redaktion und Satz / Annika Busching ([email protected]) Gestalterisches Konzept: Hawemann & Mosch Länderkarten: © 2017 www.mapbox.com ©2019 Deutsches Archäologisches Institut Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Zentrale, Podbielskiallee 69–71, 14195 Berlin, Tel: +49 30 187711-0 Email: [email protected] / Web: dainst.org Nutzungsbedingungen: Die e-Forschungsberichte 2019-0 des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts stehen unter der Creative-Commons-Lizenz Namensnennung – Nicht kommerziell – Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International. Um eine Kopie dieser Lizenz zu sehen, besuchen Sie bitte http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
    [Show full text]
  • To the West Vol. 14
    Wei Dong Chen • Xiao Long Liang To the West Vol. 14 Vol. 14 “...An ambitious series...useful for educators looking for ways to make Asian history and culture come alive.” – School Library Journal “...An accessible introduction to Chinese historical fi ction.” – Booklist “...Invaluable...beautiful artwork... commendable efforts to bring the characters to life.” – Publishers Weekly Three Kingdoms Many centuries ago, China was made up of several provinces that frequently waged war with one another for regional supremacy. In 221 BC, the Qin Dynasty succeeded in uniting the warring provinces under a single banner, but the unity was short-lived, only lasting fi fteen years. After the collapse of the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty was established in 206 BC, and unity was restored. The Han Dynasty would last for hundreds of years, until the Post- Han Era, when the unifi ed nation once again began to unravel. As rebellion and chaos gripped the land, three men came forward to take control of the nation: Bei Liu, Cao Cao, and Quan Sun. The three men each established separate kingdoms, Shu, Wei, and Wu, and for a century they contended for supremacy. This was known as the Age of the Three Kingdoms. Written more than six hundred years ago, Three Kingdoms is one of the oldest and most seminal works in all of Eastern literature. An epic story spanning decades and featuring hundreds of characters, it remains a defi nitive tale of desperate heroism, political treachery, and the bonds of brotherhood. Vol. 14 TO THE WEST Created by WEI DONG CHEN Wei Dong Chen is a highly acclaimed artist and an influential leader in the “New Chinese Cartoon” trend.
    [Show full text]
  • Strategies for the Human Realm: Crux of the T’Ai-Pai Yin-Ching
    80 Book Reviews Ralph D. Sawyer Strategies for the Human Realm: Crux of the T’ai-pai Yin-ching. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012. pp. xxxi, 190. $13.95. ISBN: 9-781479-132386. Ralph D. Sawyer’s latest book is a translation and commentary on the first twenty-five chapters of the Tang Dynasty military treatise, Taibai yinjing (T’ai-pai Yin-ching), completed in 759 CE. The author, Li Quan (Li Ch’üan), also wrote a commentary on Sunzi’s Art of War and served as a military governor in Hebei after the An Lushan Rebellion of the mid-eighth century. The title, Taibai yinjing, has many resonances, but can be rendered literally as The Secret Treatise of Venus (the planet governing military affairs). As most readers of this journal know, Sawyer is a prolific author of monographs on Chinese warfare and translator of classical military texts. In a departure from his previous works, Strategies for the Human Realm is self-published as an inexpensive paperback targeted mainly at a general audience. Consequently, the book lacks endnotes, bibliography, and character lists. Nonetheless, the book is worthy of the attention of specialists in Chinese military history because of Sawyer’s excellence as a translator of martial classics. The book consists of a preface, introduction, twenty-five chapters—each including a translation followed by Sawyer’s commentary—brief suggestions for further reading (three pages), and an inadequate index (two pages). Many chapters end with “minor jottings” that substitute for citations. Though never explained, Sawyer’s commentary and jottings apparently are inspired by the norms of classical Chinese exegesis.
    [Show full text]
  • Knowing the Paths of Pilgrimage the Network of Pilgrimage Routes in Nineteenth-Century China
    review of Religion and chinese society 3 (2016) 189-222 Knowing the Paths of Pilgrimage The Network of Pilgrimage Routes in Nineteenth-Century China Marcus Bingenheimer Temple University [email protected] Abstract In the early nineteenth century the monk Ruhai Xiancheng 如海顯承 traveled through China and wrote a route book recording China’s most famous pilgrimage routes. Knowing the Paths of Pilgrimage (Canxue zhijin 參學知津) describes, station by station, fifty-six pilgrimage routes, many converging on famous mountains and urban centers. It is the only known route book that was authored by a monk and, besides the descriptions of the routes themselves, Knowing the Paths contains information about why and how Buddhists went on pilgrimage in late imperial China. Knowing the Paths was published without maps, but by geo-referencing the main stations for each route we are now able to map an extensive network of monastic pilgrimage routes in the nineteenth century. Though most of the places mentioned are Buddhist sites, Knowing the Paths also guides travelers to the five marchmounts, popular Daoist sites such as Mount Wudang, Confucian places of worship such as Qufu, and other famous places. The routes in Knowing the Paths traverse not only the whole of the country’s geogra- phy, but also the whole spectrum of sacred places in China. Keywords Knowing the Paths of Pilgrimage – pilgrimage route book – Qing Buddhism – Ruhai Xiancheng – “Ten Essentials of Pilgrimage” 初探«參學知津»的19世紀行腳僧人路線網絡 摘要 十九世紀早期，如海顯承和尚在遊歷中國後寫了一本關於中國一些最著名 的朝聖之路的路線紀錄。這本「參學知津」（朝聖之路指引）一站一站地
    [Show full text]
  • Crossing the Neiguan "Inner Pass": a Nei/Wai "Inner/Outer" Distinction in Early Chinese Medicine1
    EASTM 17 (2000): 15-65 Crossing the Neiguan "Inner Pass": A Nei/wai "Inner/Outer" Distinction in Early Chinese Medicine1 Vivienne Lo [Vivienne Lo is a Wellcome Fellow at SOAS, London University. Her PhD dis- sertation was on "The Influence of Western Han Nurturing Life Culture on Early Chinese Medical Theory" and she has published a number of articles on this subject. She is currently preparing a translation of and prolegomena to Maishu and Yinshu, two medical texts written on bamboo from the Western Han Zhang- jiashan burial site. She has also coordinated a recent project on the medical manuscripts discovered at Dunhuang, and is in the process of editing the pro- ceedings of the conference for publication.] * * * Introduction When Chunyu Yi (fl. 154 B.C.), a physician of the early Western Han period, states that an illness has progressed to the neiguan "inner pass," he means that the outlook for his patient has taken a significant turn for the worse.2 The bing "illness" has entered a deeper space where it is more difficult to treat.3 Chunyu Yi's judgement represents a way of thinking about the body com- mon in the second century B.C. His contemporary physicians and medical theo- rists of the early Western Han period displayed a heightened concern with the exact location of illness. Chunyu Yi himself constantly asks about bing suo zai "the whereabouts of the illness" and expects to know whether it is an illness of the "inner" or "outer" of the body, to what extent yin has invaded yang space, or vice versa, and where the illness is ke "seated" or "lodged" in an 1 I would like to express my gratitude to the two anonymous referees who provided me with invaluable comments and criticism.
    [Show full text]
  • Initial Environment Examination (DRAFT)
    Initial Environment Examination (DRAFT) Project Number: 49307-002 October 2017 People’s Republic of China: Xinjiang Hetian Comprehensive Urban Development and Environmental Improvement Project Prepared by the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Hetian Municipal Government for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 16 October 2017) Currency unit – yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $0.1522 $1.00 = CNY6.5723 ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank AP - Affected person BOD5 - 5-day biochemical oxygen demand CO2 - carbon dioxide CO2eq - carbon dioxide equivalent COD - chemical oxygen demand CRVA - climate risk and vulnerability assessment EA - executing agency EEM - external environmental monitor EMS - environmental monitoring station EHS - environmental, health and safety EIA - environmental impact assessment EIRF - environmental impact registration form EMP - environmental management plan EPB - Environmental Protection Bureau FSR - feasibility study report FYP - five-year plan HDEP - high density polyethylene IA - implementing agency LIEC - loan implementation environmental consultant O&M - operation and maintenance PAM - project administration manual PIU - project implementation unit PLG - project leading group PMO - project management office SPS - Safeguard Policy Statement WTP - water treatment plant WWTP - wastewater treatment plant WEIGHTS AND MEASURES dB - decibel cm - centimeter ha - hectare km – kilometer km2 – square kilometer m2 – square meter m3 – cubic meter mg/L - milligram per liter NOTE In this report, “$” refers to United
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    World Bank-financed Project Public Disclosure Authorized Gansu Revitalization and Innovation Project Social Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Gansu Project Management Office Public Disclosure Authorized April 2019 Contents 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 BACKGROUND....................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 SA TASKS ............................................................................................................................................. 3 1.3 SA METHODS ........................................................................................................................................ 3 1.3.1 Organizational interview and literature collection ............................................................................. 3 1.3.2 FGD ................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.3.3 Key informant interview ..................................................................................................................... 5 1.3.4 Questionnaire survey ........................................................................................................................ 6 1.3.5 Field investigation ............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • PACIFIC WORLD Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies
    PACIFIC WORLD Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies HALF-TITLE PAGE i PACIFIC WORLD Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies Third Series Number 15 Fall 2013 SPECIAL SECTION: Graduate Student Symposium TITLE iii Pacific World is an annual journal in English devoted to the dissemination of his- torical, textual, critical, and interpretive articles on Buddhism generally and Shinshu Buddhism particularly to both academic and lay readerships. The journal is distributed free of charge. Articles for consideration by the Pacific World are welcomed and are to be submitted in English and addressed to the Editor, Pacific World, 2140 Durant Ave., Berkeley, CA 94704-1589, USA. Acknowledgment: This annual publication is made possible by the donation of BDK America of Berkeley, California. Guidelines for Authors: Manuscripts (approximately twenty standard pages) should be typed double-spaced with 1-inch margins. Notes are to be endnotes with full biblio- graphic information in the note first mentioning a work, i.e., no separate bibliography. See The Chicago Manual of Style (16th edition), University of Chicago Press, §16.3 ff. Authors are responsible for the accuracy of all quotations and for supplying complete references. Please e-mail electronic version in both formatted and plain text, if possible. Manuscripts should be submitted by February 1st. Foreign words should be underlined and marked with proper diacriticals, except for the following: bodhisattva, buddha/Buddha, karma, nirvana, samsara, sangha, yoga. Romanized Chinese follows Pinyin system (except in special cases); romanized Japanese, the modified Hepburn system. Japanese/Chinese names are given surname first, omit- ting honorifics. Ideographs preferably should be restricted to notes.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on the Lighting Devices in the Medicine Buddha Transformation Tableau in Mogao Cave 220, Dunhuang by Sha Wutian 沙武田
    ISSN 2152-7237 (print) ISSN 2153-2060 (online) The Silk Road Volume 14 2016 Contents From the editor’s desktop: The Future of The Silk Road ....................................................................... [iii] Reconstruction of a Scythian Saddle from Pazyryk Barrow № 3 by Elena V. Stepanova .............................................................................................................. 1 An Image of Nighttime Music and Dance in Tang Chang’an: Notes on the Lighting Devices in the Medicine Buddha Transformation Tableau in Mogao Cave 220, Dunhuang by Sha Wutian 沙武田 ................................................................................................................ 19 The Results of the Excavation of the Yihe-Nur Cemetery in Zhengxiangbai Banner (2012-2014) by Chen Yongzhi 陈永志, Song Guodong 宋国栋, and Ma Yan 马艳 .................................. 42 Art and Religious Beliefs of Kangju: Evidence from an Anthropomorphic Image Found in the Ugam Valley (Southern Kazakhstan) by Aleksandr Podushkin .......................................................................................................... 58 Observations on the Rock Reliefs at Taq-i Bustan: A Late Sasanian Monument along the “Silk Road” by Matteo Compareti ................................................................................................................ 71 Sino-Iranian Textile Patterns in Trans-Himalayan Areas by Mariachiara Gasparini .......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • An Analysis of Chinese Talent Management Strategy: Emphasis on Cao Cao’S Competencies from the Records of the Three Kingdoms
    AN ANALYSIS OF CHINESE TALENT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY: EMPHASIS ON CAO CAO’S COMPETENCIES FROM THE RECORDS OF THE THREE KINGDOMS LU KUICHENG A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL GRADUATE STUDIES IN HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT FACULTY OF EDUCATION BURAPHA UNIVERSITY MAY 2018 COPYRIGHT OF BURAPHA UNIVERSITY ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my sincere gratitude to the many people who supported and helped me in the completion of this study. For my worthily principle advisor Associate Professor Dr.Chalong Tubsree, I send my heartfelt thanks for his patience and guidance in helping me. In the process of composing this paper, he gave me much academic and constructive advice, and helped me to correct my paper. Without his enlightening instruction, impressive kindness and patience, I could not have completed my thesis. His keen and vigorous academic observation enlightened me not only in this thesis but also in my future study. At the same time, I would like to express my appreciation to my Co-advisor, who gave me useful literature knowledge and information in this paper. She is Assist. Prof. Dr. Wilai Limthawaranun. I am very grateful for her patient guidance in the course of my thesis writing. Finally, I would like to thank the teachers who helped me during my entire study process in the International Graduate Studies Human Resource Development Center of Burapha University. Dr. Watunyoo Suwannaset, Dr. Chalermsri Chantarathong and Rattanasiri Khemraj in the IG-HRD office, thank you for taking care of me meticulously for the last three years.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from Brill.Com09/30/2021 02:08:03AM Via Free Access 16 EASTM 17 (2000) Organ, Such As the Heart Or Bladder
    EASTM 17 (2000): 15-65 Crossing the Neiguan "Inner Pass": A Nei/wai "Inner/Outer" Distinction in Early Chinese Medicine1 Vivienne Lo [Vivienne Lo is a Wellcome Fellow at SOAS, London University. Her PhD dis- sertation was on "The Influence of Western Han Nurturing Life Culture on Early Chinese Medical Theory" and she has published a number of articles on this subject. She is currently preparing a translation of and prolegomena to Maishu and Yinshu, two medical texts written on bamboo from the Western Han Zhang- jiashan burial site. She has also coordinated a recent project on the medical manuscripts discovered at Dunhuang, and is in the process of editing the pro- ceedings of the conference for publication.] * * * Introduction When Chunyu Yi (fl. 154 B.C.), a physician of the early Western Han period, states that an illness has progressed to the neiguan "inner pass," he means that the outlook for his patient has taken a significant turn for the worse.2 The bing "illness" has entered a deeper space where it is more difficult to treat.3 Chunyu Yi's judgement represents a way of thinking about the body com- mon in the second century B.C. His contemporary physicians and medical theo- rists of the early Western Han period displayed a heightened concern with the exact location of illness. Chunyu Yi himself constantly asks about bing suo zai "the whereabouts of the illness" and expects to know whether it is an illness of the "inner" or "outer" of the body, to what extent yin has invaded yang space, or vice versa, and where the illness is ke "seated" or "lodged" in an 1 I would like to express my gratitude to the two anonymous referees who provided me with invaluable comments and criticism.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Notes on Dayuezhi, Daxia, Guishuang, and Dumi in Chinese Sources
    SOME NOTES ON DAYUEZHI, DAXIA, GUISHUANG, AND DUMI IN CHINESE SOURCES Yang Juping ᶘᐘᒣ Nankai University ইᔰབྷᆖ Tianjin, China ѝഭཙ⍕ axia (བྷ༿), Dayuezhi (བྷᴸ∿), and Guishuang (䋤 original sources from Chinese, even though various D 䵌) were three different countries once active in translations of them have been published previously ancient Central Asia and were known to Chinese of (e.g., Brosset 1828; Wylie 1881-82; Hirth 1917; Sima the Han Dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE). There is general Qian 1993; Hulsewé 1979; Hill 2015). agreement that the kingdom of Daxia was conquered by the Dayuezhi tribes who had immigrated from 1. The records in the Shiji. northwest China and then divided the country into 'D\XH]KL DQG 'D[LD ZHUH ÀUVW LQWURGXFHG LQ WKH .yabgu).1 “Description of Dayuan” (བྷᇋࡇۣ) in the Shiji ן㘆 ÀYH SDUWV HDFK JRYHUQHG E\ D ;LKRX One of them, the Guishuang Xihou, united all the The Dayuezhi are west of Dayuan (བྷᇋ) by about two or lands of Dayuezhi and established a new kingdom of three thousand li (䟼)2 and are located north of the Oxus ( Guishuang (Kushan) which later became an Empire ჟ≤) [Wei Shui, the Amu Darya]. Daxia lies to the south, including a large part of Central Asia around the Amu Anxi (ᆹ᚟) to the west, and Kangju (ᓧት) to the north. Darya and northwest of India. However, in recent Dayuezhi is a nation of nomads (㹼഻) [literally, ‘moving years there have been some disagreements about country’] wandering with their herds and practicing the these peoples in Chinese academia, such as where same customs as those of the Xiongnu (सྤ).
    [Show full text]