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Forschungen Zur Baltischen Geschichte FORSCHUNGEN ZUR BALTISCHEN GESCHICHTE FORSCHUNGEN12 ZUR BALTISCHEN2017 GESCHICHTE 8 Herausgegeben2013 von Mati Laur und Karsten Brüggemann unter Mitwirkung von Anti SelartHerausgegeben und Andris von Levans Mati Laur und Karsten Brüggemann unter Mitwirkung von Anti Selart, Andrisin Verbindung Levans und mit Konrad Maier Detlef Henning (Lüneburg), Carsten Jahnke (Kopenhagen), Juhan Kreem (Tallinn), Enn Küng (Tartu), in Verbindung mit MārīteDetlef Henning Jakovļeva (Lüneburg), (Riga Carsten), Ilgvars Jahnke Misāns (Kopenhagen), (Riga), Evgenija NazarovaJuhan Kreem (Moskau (Tallinn),), Enn Ulrike Küng Plath(Tartu), (Tallinn), GvidoIlgvars Straube Misāns (Riga), (Riga Evgenija), Tõnu NazarovaTannberg (Moskau), (Tartu ), Ülle TarkiainenUlrike Plath ( Tartu(Tallinn),), Matthias David J. Smith Thumser (Glasgow), (Berlin), Andris Šnē (Riga), Gvido Straube (Riga), Rita Regina TrimonienėTõnu Tannberg ( Šiauliai(Tartu), Ülle), Ralph Tarkiainen Tuchtenhagen (Tartu), (Berlin), HorstMatthias Wernicke Thumser (Greifswald (Berlin), Rita), Seppo Regina Zetterberg Trimonienė (Šiauliai), (Jyväskylä ) Ralph Tuchtenhagen (Berlin), Horst Wernicke (Greifswald), Seppo Zetterberg (Jyväskylä) Akadeemiline Ajalooselts Akadeemiline Ajalooselts Forschungen zur baltischen Geschichte - Bd. 12 hrsg. von Mati Laur und Karsten Brüggemann Tartu: Akadeemiline Ajalooselts, 2017 Redaktion und Drucklegung wurden gefördert durch das Bildungs- und Wissenschaftsministerium der Republik Estland die Wissenschaftsförderung der Republik Estland (IUT31-6) die Akademische Historische Gesellschaft (Tartu) die Baltische Historische Kommission e.V. die Universität Lettlands in Riga die Universität Tartu das Institut für Geschichte, Archäologie und Kunstgeschichte sowie den Forschungsfonds der Universität Tallinn das Institut für Kultur und Geschichte der Deutschen in Nordosteuropa e.V. an der Universität Hamburg (Nordost-Institut) und von der Beauftragten der Bundesregierung für Kultur und Medien aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages Redaktion: Institut für Geschichte und Archäologie der Universität Tartu Ülikooli 18, Tartu, Estland, EE-50090 [email protected]; http://www.fzbg.ut.ee Manuskripte werden durch die Redaktion erbeten. Bestellungen können an die Redaktion oder an das Nordost-Institut, Conventstr. 1, D-21335 Lüneburg ([email protected]), gerichtet werden. Articles appearing in this journal are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts Umschlag: Irina Tammis Satz: Meelis Friedenthal ISSN 1736-4132 © Akadeemiline Ajalooselts, 2017 Alle Rechte vorbehalten Printed in Estonia INHALT Vorwort Ortsnamenkonkordanz Aufsätze Sergej Polechov: Neue russische Quelleneditionen zu den 11 altrussisch-livländischen Beziehungen Madis Maasing: Die Bischöfe von Kurland zwischen Livland 60 und Preußen in der ersten Hälfte des 16. Jahrhunderts Gvido Straube: Die Idee der Volksschule im Diskurs der 84 livländischen Herrschaftsstrukturen im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert Matthias Müller: Lotterien im 18. Jahrhundert: Das Beispiel 109 Reval Jörg Hackmann: Sängerfeste in den russländischen Ostsee- 131 provinzen vor 1914: Symbolische Ordnungen zwischen kulturellen Verflechtungen und Abgrenzungen Trude Maurer: „…unnütz, emanzipiert und nicht einmal 162 standesgemäß“? Studium und Promotion baltischer Frauen an deutschen Universitäten bis 1918 Jānis Ķeruss: Eine Flucht in den Westen mit einem Trawler aus 193 dem Fischereikolchos „Boļševiks“ im Januar 1953: Motive, Verlauf, Auswirkungen Maarja Merivoo-Parro: Estonian by Education: Estonian 220 Supplemental Schools in Cold War America Darius Staliūnas: Der litauische Spielfilm „Tadas Blinda. Der 251 Anfang“ und 1863 als Erinnerungsort in Litauen Ekaterina Makhotina: Revolutionierung der Museen, 266 Musealisierung der Revolution: Inszenierung der Geschichte im Revolutionsmuseum der Litauischen SSR Mitteilungen Eve Rannamäe: Dreitausend Jahre Schafe in Estland 293 Matthias Thumser: Die Amtsbücher im Archiv der Rigaer 307 Schwarzenhäupter 3 Inhalt Martin Klöker: Der älteste Katalog der Revaler Olaibibliothek? 322 Ein rätselhafter Fund Mare Oja: Geschichtsunterricht in den russischsprachigen 337 Schulen Estlands nach der Wiederherstellung der Unabhängigkeit Besprechungen Ineta Balode, Dzintra Lele-Rozentāle: Deutsch im Baltikum. 359 Eine annotierte Forschungsbibliographie (von Martin Klöker) The Teutonic Order in Prussia and Livonia. The Political and 361 Ecclesiastical Structures 13th–16th Century (von Juhan Kreem) Kadri-Rutt Hahn: Revaler Testamente im 15. und 16. 365 Jahrhundert (von Anu Mänd) The Pskovo-Pechersky Monastery During the Livonian War 372 (1558–1582). Holdings in Estonia / Pskovo-Pečerskij monastyr’ vo vremja Livonskoj vojny (1558–1582 gg.). Zemlevladenie v Ėstonii (von Mati Laur) Dennis Hormuth: Das Memorialbuch der Ältestenbank der 375 Großen Gilde zu Riga 1677–1701 (von Madlena Mahling) Das Baltikum als Konstrukt (18.–19. Jahrhundert). Von einer 382 Kolonialwahrnehmung zu einem nationalen Diskurs (von Karsten Brüggemann) Bibliothekskataloge der Tallinner Literaten des 18. Jahrhunderts 387 (von Martin Klöker) Henning von Wistinghausen: Freimaurer und Aufklärung im 390 Russischen Reich. Die Revaler Logen 1773–1820 (von Martin Klöker) August von Kotzebue im estnisch-deutschen Dialog (von Aija 392 Sakova) Kunstnik ja Kleio. Ajalugu ja kunst 19. sajandil [Der Künstler und 396 Klio. Geschichte und Kunst im 19. Jahrhundert] (von Andreas Fülberth) Rossija i Baltija VII. Pamjatnye daty i istoričeskaja pamjat’ [Russland 402 und das Baltikum VII. Gedenktage und historisches Gedächtnis] (von Anita Čerpinska) Cord Aschenbrenner: Das evangelische Pfarrhaus. 300 Jahre 406 Glaube, Geist und Macht: Eine Familiengeschichte (von Aira Võsa) 4 Inhalt Jūliuss Dērings [ Julius Döring]: Ko es nekad negribētu aizmirst 411 jeb Atmiņas no manas dzīves [Was ich nicht gern vergessen möchte oder Erinnerungen aus meinem Leben] (von Mārtiņš Mintaurs) Mati Laur, Kersti Lust, Priit Pirsko, Ülle Tarkiainen: 416 Talude päriseksostmine Pärnumaa andmestiku põhjal [Der Bauernlandverkauf in Livland auf der Grundlage der Angaben zum Kreis Pernau] (von David Feest) Frithjof Benjamin Schenk: Russlands Fahrt in die Moderne. 419 Mobilität und sozialer Raum im Eisenbahnzeitalter (von Karsten Brüggemann) Toomas Karjahärm: 1905. aasta Eestis: sotsialistid ja terroristid 423 [Das Jahr 1905 in Estland: Sozialisten und Terroristen]; 1905. aasta Eestis: mälestused [Das Jahr 1905 in Estland: Erinnerungen] (von Mart Kuldkepp) Jonathan D. Smele: The „Russian“ Civil Wars, 1916–1926. Ten 428 Years That Shook the World (von Karsten Brüggemann) The Life, Times and Work of Jokūbas Robinzonas – Jacob Robinson 433 (by Kaarel Piirimäe) Beyond the Divide: Entangled Histories of Cold War Europe (von 435 Lars Fredrik Stöcker) The Baltic States under Stalinist Rule (vonDaina Bleiere) 439 Behind the Iron Curtain: Soviet Estonia in the Era of the Cold 445 War (von Lars Fredrik Stöcker) Saulius Grybkauskas: Sovietinis „generalgubernatorius“: 449 Komunistų partijų antrieji sekretoriai Sovietų Sąjungos respublikose [Die sowjetischen „Generalgouverneure“: Die Zweiten Sekretäre der Kommunistischen Partei in den Sowjetrepubliken] (von Daina Bleiere) Katja Wezel: Geschichte als Politikum. Lettland und die 453 Aufarbeitung nach der Diktatur (von Eva-Clarita Pettai) Meike Wulf: Shadowlands. Memory and History in Post-Soviet 457 Estonia (von Karsten Brüggemann) Agnia Grigas: Beyond Crimea: The New Russian Empire (von 462 Ivan Lavrentjev) 5 Liebe Leserinnen & Leser, viele von Ihnen dürften mit der nun erschienenen Ausgabe bereits ein Dutzend bunte Bände der „Forschungen zur baltischen Geschichte“ im Bücherregal stehen haben – eine stattliche Zahl, wie wir (immer noch recht erschöpft von den Redaktionsarbeiten) finden. Erneut bietet die- se Nummer Ihnen eine Sammlung neuerer Studien zur baltischen Ver- gangenheit und Gegenwart – von den ersten Schafen in Estland bis zu modernen Konstruktionen der litauischen Geschichte in Museum und Film, von mittelalterlichen Machtkämpfen bis zu Problemen des rus- sischsprachigen Geschichtsunterrichts zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts. Im Jahr 2017 erscheint auf einmal vielen Zeitgenossen unsere Welt als zunehmend aus den einstmals als verlässlich geltenden Fugen der Fak- ten geraten – oder ist sie für viele einfach zu komplex geworden? Stich- worte wie post truth oder fake fact machen die Runde; so werden expli- zit gerade auch die Geisteswissenschaften angegriffen, die doch bei aller postmodernen Lust an Dekonstruktionen stets an der methodolo- gisch zwingenden Prämisse der Überprüfbarkeit sämtlicher Behauptun- gen festhalten (müssen!). Immerhin: Während mittlerweile selbst in den höchsten Sphären der Weltpolitik die „Wahrheit“ in 160 Zeichen gezwit- schert wird, werden immer noch gehaltvolle wissenschaftliche Mono- grafien in allen möglichen Sprachen publiziert (und gelesen!), deren Um- fang bei 160 000 Wörtern nicht aufhört. Zu diesem Massiv an Wissen wollen auch die diesjährigen „Forschungen“ beitragen, deren Anspruch auf „Wahrheit“ jedoch begrenzt ist: Mögen neue Generationen neue Fra- gen stellen und neue Antworten kreieren. Nichts ist spannender als das. Dabei kann Geschichte weiterhin soziale Relevanz beanspruchen. Im Jahr 100 nach der russischen Oktoberrevolution wirft das Jahr der bal- tischen Staatsgründungen 2018 seine Schatten voraus: In Estland ent- brannte eine heftige Diskussion darüber, ob es nicht an der Zeit sei, Konstantin Päts ein Denkmal auf dem Tallinner Domberg zu errichten, in unmittelbarer Nähe des Parlaments. Ausgerechnet Päts, möchte man
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