From Ghent to Aix

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

From Ghent to Aix From Ghent to Aix <UN> Library of the Written Word volume 36 The Handpress World volume 27 Editor-in-Chief Andrew Pettegree University of St Andrews Editorial Board Ann Blair (Harvard University) Falk Eisermann (Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preuβischer Kulturbesitz) Ian Maclean (All Souls College, Oxford) Angela Nuovo (University of Udine) Mark Towsey (University of Liverpool) Malcolm Walsby (University of Rennes II) The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/lww <UN> From Ghent to Aix How They Brought the News in the Habsburg Netherlands, 1550–1700 By Paul Arblaster LEIDEN | BOSTON <UN> Cover illustration: An image of a failed surprise attack on Antwerp, 1624. Oprechte afbeeldinge vanden gefaelgeerden Aenslach (Antwerp, Abraham Verhoeven, 1624). Copyright Leuven University Library. Reproduced by permission. This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, ipa, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 1874-4834 isbn 978-90 04-27647-5 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-27684-0 (e-book) Copyright 2014 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill nv incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Nijhoff, Global Oriental and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill nv provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, ma 01923, usa. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. <UN> Dedicated to Joël Schuyer, in friendship ∵ <UN> Van de Vriendtschap ghevoelen alle menschen eenderley, te weten, die in’t aensien der Overheydt en regieringe ghestelt zijn, en die hare lust soecken in kennisse ende wetenschap van vele dinghen, als oock die, die in stilligheydt haer eygen saecken beschicken, ende eyndtlijck die oock, die haer t’eenemael tot de wellusten hebben overgegeven, meenen al te samen dat sonder vriendtschap ’t leven niets te beduyden heeft, wanneerse maer eenighsins heerlijck leven willen. Cicero, Laelius, translated by Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert ∵ Contents Acknowledgements IX List of Maps, Figures and Tables xi List of Abbreviations xii Addenda xiv Introduction 1 1 Political, Legal and Urban Contexts 11 Confessionalisation and Reputation 11 The Regulation of the Book Trade 20 Brussels and Antwerp 28 2 Newsletters and Printed News, 1585–1620 35 Posts and Newsletters 35 Pamphlets and Prints to 1605 52 Almanacs 69 3 Abraham Verhoeven and His Tijdinghen, 1620–1632 74 Reputation in a Time of Crisis 74 Abraham Verhoeven 79 The Legacy of Lipsius 85 Verhoeven’s Local Sources 89 Reading the Nieuwe Tijdinghen 97 Frequency of Publication 105 Editorial Policy 108 The End of Verhoeven’s Career 114 4 Verhoeven and the News of Europe 122 International News in the Nieuwe Tijdinghen 122 Verhoeven’s Colleagues and Rivals 131 Types of News in 1623 145 Politics, Law and Government 146 Military News 153 Shipping and Finance 157 News Stories of 1623 160 5 The Explosion of News Publishing, 1632–1648 172 <UN> viii contents The Habsburg Netherlands, 1632–1648 173 Newspapers in the Habsburg Netherlands 183 The Year 1644 197 6 Managing Reputation and Controlling the Press, 1649–1700 220 Opposing Renaudot 220 The Relations véritables and Princely Reputation 233 The Relations véritables and the News of Europe, 1649–1659 239 The Litany of Antwerp 243 A Desultory Struggle for Control of the Press, 1660–1700 247 Conclusion 256 Bibliography 269 Index 353 <UN> Acknowledgements In the course of preparing this work I have accumulated many debts of grati- tude. Among institutions my thanks must go in the first instance to the British Academy, for funding the research, and to St Peter’s College, Oxford, and the Katholieke Universiteit Brussel, for supporting its pursuit. Among the many individuals who have given support and advice, first mention must go to John Elliott. Margit Thøfner, Luc Duerloo, Cordula Van Wyhe, Nina Lamal and Andrew Pettegree read and commented on various parts of this work at vari- ous stages, and I am well aware of how much better the work would have been had I had the energy or humility to implement all the changes they suggested. The research could not have been carried out without the patient help of the staff of the libraries and archives listed on page xii, among whom Eddy Put of the Belgian State Archives, Bart Op de Beeck of the Royal Library of Belgium, William Hodges of the Bodleian, Guido Cloet and Joost Depuydt of Leuven University Library and Martine De Reu of Ghent University Library showed particular consideration. Henry Ettinghausen and Paul Ries very kindly sent me offprints of their relevant articles. At the very beginning of the research, fruitful lines of enquiry or methodology were suggested by Henry Mayr- Harting, Marc Jacobs, Anna Simoni, Kristin Van Damme, David Parrott, Leo van Buyten and Hugo Soly. Many friends and acquaintances at one time or another provided information or encouragement which, however little they may have known it, was of incalculable benefit. The research on which this book is based was completed some years since, and the most important academic results have been published piecemeal in articles and essays as occasion arose. Thanks are due to the publishers for per- mission to reproduce material from the following publications: ‘Policy and Publishing in the Habsburg Netherlands, 1585–1690’, in The Politics of Information in Early Modern Europe, edited by Brendan Dooley and Sabrina Baron (Routledge Studies in Cultural History 1; London: Routledge, 2001), pp. 179–198. Copyright © 2001 ‘Dat de boecken vrij sullen wesen: Private profit, public utility and secrets of state in the seventeenth-century Habsburg Netherlands’, in News and Politics in Early Modern Europe, 1500–1800, edited by Joop W. Koopmans (Groningen Studies in Cultural Change 13; Leuven, Peeters, 2005), pp. 79–95. Copyright © 2005 <UN> x Acknowledgements ‘Posts, Newsletters, Newspapers: England in a European System of Com- munications’, News Networks in Seventeenth Century Britain and Europe, edited by Joad Raymond (2006), pp. 19–34. Copyright © 2006 ‘Antwerp and Brussels as inter-European spaces in news exchange’, in The Dissemination of News and the Emergence of Contemporaneity in Early Modern Europe edited by Brendan Dooley (Farnham, Ashgate, 2010), pp. 193–205. Copyright © 2010 It is at the urging of Noel Malcolm, Andrew Pettegree, and above all Joël Schuyer that I offer to public view a fuller treatment in more comprehensive form. Even such urging might not have overcome my diffidence had it not been for the experience, in 2011–2013, of participation in an international scholarly network funded by the Leverhulme Trust which opened my eyes to just how useful this book might be to scholars and researchers across Europe and in parts of the New World. In this regard I owe particular thanks to Joad Raymond, Noah Moxham, Lizzy Williamson, Andre Belo, Carmen Espejo and by no means least Mario Infelise. <UN> List of Maps, Figures and Tables Maps 1 The main international postal routes around 1600 38 2 Major sources used by Abraham Verhoeven, 1620–1629 124 3 European coverage of some of Verhoeven’s main sources in 1623 130 4 Regular sources for Saturday Relations véritables (1652–1653) 224 5 Regular sources for Wednesday Relations véritables (1652–1653) 225 Figures 1 The new ‘safeguard’ route from Milan to Antwerp, surveyed in 1620 88 2 Front page of an issue of the Nieuwe Tijdinghen, 1622. Nieuwe Tijdinghe 1622 no. 101 (Antwerp, Abraham Verhoeven, 1622) 98 Tables 1 Frequency of reports from the 21 most commonly used foreign sources in Abraham Verhoeven’s Nieuwe Tijdinghen (1620–1629) and Wekelijcke Tijdinghen (1629–1631) 127 2 Abraham Verhoeven’s main correspondents and the sources of their news (1623) 129 3 Newspapers compared for the sample year 1623 136 4 Selective printing of the same report (Rome, 7 January 1623) 163 5 Newspapers compared for the sample year 1644 208 <UN> Abbreviations Libraries, Archives, Collections aam Aartsbisschoppelijk Archief, Mechelen arb Algemeen Rijksarchief, Brussels grsp Geheime Raad, Spaanse Periode ofrb Officie Fiscal van de Raad van Brabant rs Raad van State sso Secretaris van Staat en Oorlog aska Academie van Schone Kunsten, Antwerp asr Atlas van Stolk, Rotterdam bll British Library, London bmb Bibliothèque Municipale, Besançon bmp Bibliothèque Mazarine, Paris Bod Bodleian Library, Oxford bnp Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris bsm Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich kbb Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Brussels kbh Koninklijke Bibliotheek, The Hague kbs Kungliga Biblioteket, Stockholm mpm Museum Plantin-Moretus, Antwerp pro Public Record Office, London rbv Reichsbibliothek, Vienna saa Stadsarchief, Antwerp ga Gilden & Ambachten Pk Privilegiekamer sba Stadsbibliotheek (Erfgoedbibliotheek Hendrik Conscience), Antwerp sbb Stadsbibliotheek, Bruges shd Sächsisches Hauptstaatsarchiv, Dresden ubg Universiteitsbibliotheek, Ghent zbm Zeeuwse Bibliotheek, Middelburg zbz Zentralbibliothek, Zürich Journals, Newspapers and Series aab Avisen auß Berlin <UN> Abbreviations xiii bmgn Bijdragen
Recommended publications
  • 1 Genealogysk Jierboek 2011
    Genealogysk Jierboek 2011 1 FA nr. 1059 Genealogysk Jierboek 2011 © 2011 Fryske Akademy (Postbus 54, 8900 AB Ljouwert) Basis foarmjouwing: Roelof Koster bno, Mildaam Opmaak: BW H ontwerpers, Ljouwert Afûk, Postbus 53, 8900 AB Ljouwert NUR 680 ISSN 0928-0480 ISBN 978-90-6273-889-2 Neat út dizze útjefte mei op hokker wize dan ek fermannichfâldige wurde sûnder dat dêr skriftlike tastimming fan de útjouwer oan foarôf giet. De redaksje kin net oansprutsen wurde op ynhâld of strekking fan ûndertekene stikken. www.afuk.nl www.fryske-akademy.nl 2 ûnder redaksje fan ype brouwers, anne hielke lemstra, reid van der ley †, pieter nieuwland en jarich renema, heraldysk meiwurker: rudolf j. broersma Genealogysk Jierboek 2011 3 4 … Ynhâld Jan de Vries . Zeventiende-eeuwse Staversen, 7 naar aanleiding van het inventariseren van de grafschriften in de Nicolaaskerk Onno Hellinga . Genealogia Ayttana 125 en Paul N. Noomen Fryske Rie foar . Wapenregistraasje 309 Heraldyk 5 6 … Zeventiende-eeuwse Staversen, naar aanleiding van het inventariseren van de grafschriften in de Nicolaaskerk zeventiende-eeuwse staversen 7 8 jan de vries Zeventiende-eeuwse Staversen, naar aanleiding van het inventariseren van de grafschriften in de Nicolaaskerk 1. ‘Gelukkig hebben we de foto’s nog’ “Hier slaapt een rechtsgeleerd, die vlijtigh las de boeken, Van Bartolus en Bald´: En stak hun na de kroon. Vulcanus was zijn baas, hij Bachus echte zoon, die met pijp en ´t glas, het al wist te doorsoeken. Maar is van al dien derelijk ontbloot, en vast gebonden door de banden vande doot”. “Het bovenstaande merkwaardige grafschrift, dateerend van voor 1684, kon men eertijds te Staveren lezen”.1 Erg waarschijnlijk is dat niet, althans niet op een grafsteen zoals het citaat lijkt te suggereren.
    [Show full text]
  • De Vrije Mes
    de vrije Mes Jaarboek Uitgegeven door het Fries Genootschap van Geschied-, Oudheid- en Taalkunde en de Fryske Akademy Zevenenzeventigste deel (1997) Redactie: Ph.H. Breuker, L.G. Jansma, G.Th. Jensma, H. Spanninga Redactieadres: Doelestraat 8 (Fryske Akademy) Leeuwarden CIP-GEGEVENS KONINKLIJKE BIBLIOTHEEK, DEN HAAG Vrije De Vrije Fries: jaarboek: zevenenzeventigste deel (1997)/uitg. door het Fries Genootschap van Geschied-, Oudheid- en Taalkunde en de Fryske Akademy. - Ljouwert [Leeuwarden]: Fryske Akademy.-III.-(Fryske Akademy; nr. 851) Met lit.opg. ISBN 90-6171-851-1 NUGI 641 FA-nr. 851 Inhoud Personalia medewerkers en redacteuren Artikelen H. de Jong Fersierde slibtegels yn it Haskerkonvint Victoria B. Greep Wytskes in memoriam en de kroniek van haar familie K. van Berkel Het Oldeklooster in de Friese politiek, 1572-1580 Hans van de Venne Nogmaals Vibrandus Dominicus Bornstra (ca. 1530-ca rector te Gouda en professor te Dowaai Feico Hoekstra Wybrand de Geest, schilder van 'Asch en Stof' Onno Hellinga It register fan Feicke Tetmans (± 1537-1601) Tony (A) Feitsma Oardielen oer J.H. Halbertsma as etymolooch Ph.H. Breuker Feitsma fan replyk tsjinne oer Halbertsma Panorama fan Fryslân Geart de Vries Fryske kultuer Tineke Steenmeijer-Wielenga Fryske taal- en letterkunde S. ten Hoeve Monumintesoarch Archeologische kroniek van Friesland over 1996 Jaarverslag van het Fries Genootschap Personalia medewerkers en redacteuren K. van Berkel (1953), is sinds 1988 als hoogleraar in de Geschiedenis na de Middeleeuwen verbon­ den aan de Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen. J.M. Bos (1957), studeerde filosofie en middeleeuwse archeologie aan de Universiteit van Amster­ dam (prom. 1988), universitair docent aan het Archeologisch Centrum van de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.
    [Show full text]
  • The Netherlands After the Spanish Armada Campaign of 1588
    THE GROWTH OF A NATION; THE NETHERLANDS AFTER THE SPANISH ARMADA CAMPAIGN OF 1588 Dr. J.C.A. SCHOKKENBROEK Director del Scheepuarrthuseum de Amsterdan Introduction The Dutch historian Robert Fruin, at the time professor at Leyden University, was one of the first scholars who at the end of the nineteenth century paid special attention to the developments in the Low Countries during the decade 1588-1598. In his publication (Tien Jaren), Fruin tries to indicate that the years after 1588 have been of crucial importance to the development of the young Republic of the United Netherlands. His epos is one about "progress and victory" (1). Fruin has not been the only one fascinated by this time frame. Many scholars have followed. In my lecture I will try to indicate that much of the seed of change during this decade had already been implanted during the summer of 1588, when a mighty Spanish fleet endangered the coasts of England and the Netherlands. The Spanish Armada campaign did not succeed, and Dutch seamen had a — granted relatively modest— share in its failure (2). The way Dutch politicians and mariners responded to the threat of the Spanish Armada, combined with the threat of Alexander Farnese, duke of Parma, with his troops in the northwestern part of Flanders, has been of decisive importance to the way changes in the Republic of the United Netherlands took place. In order to discuss these consequences of the failure of the Spanish Armada campaign in a proper way, I very briefly would like to talk about the Dutch participation in the events that have had such great influence on the way world history took its course.
    [Show full text]
  • Smith, Justin Samuel Ewald (2017) "The Sword and the Law": Elizabethan Soldiers’ Perception and Practice of the Laws of Armed Conflict, 1569-1587
    Smith, Justin Samuel Ewald (2017) "The Sword and the Law": Elizabethan soldiers’ perception and practice of the laws of armed conflict, 1569-1587. PhD thesis. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8552/ Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten:Theses http://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] ‘The Sword and the Law’: Elizabethan Soldiers’ Perception and Practice of the Laws of Armed Conflict, 1569-1587 Justin Samuel Ewald Smith MLitt, BA Submitted in fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, History School of Humanities College of Arts University of Glasgow October 2017 3 Abstract This thesis argues that contemporary views of the laws of arms among soldiers, and of the laws of war by legal theorists, influenced particular military campaigns and individual actions in a variety of armed conflicts. Elizabeth I’s officer corps were careful to act in wars so that their actions would be seen as honourable by outside observers in the belief that such actions would add to their personal glory. Their individual and corporate perception of the laws of war directly affected military practices.
    [Show full text]
  • De Strijd Om Breda in De Tachtigjarige Oorlog (1568-1648)
    De strijd om Breda in de Tachtigjarige Oorlog (1568-1648) door KEES SCHULTEN De Nederlanden en de Tachtigjarige Oorlog Aan de vooravond van wat later de Tachtigjarige Oorlog zou worden genoemd, bestonden de Nederlanden grosso modo uit de huidige Benelux minus het prins-bis- dom Luik en uit een gedeelte van Noord-Frankrijk. Het betrof een conglomeraat van gewesten en gebieden waarvan Filips II van Spanje, zij het op verschillende ti- tels, de wettige landsheer was. Toen er oppositie ontstond tegen zijn beleid op bestuurlijk en godsdienstig ge- bied, probeerde Filips krachtig zijn wil op te leggen aan zijn Nederlandse onderda- nen. Uit die situatie kwam een opstand voort tegen het koninklijk gezag. De hoge en lage adel voelde zich in hun belangen geschaad. De harde vervolging van prote- stanten door de zeer katholieke koning joeg menigeen letterlijk in het harnas. De te- genstellingen tussen onwrikbare katholieken en even onwrikbare protestanten scherpten het politiek-religieuze conflict aan. Terwijl Filips II uitging van het vijand- beeld van rebellerende onderdanen van wie velen de neiging schenen te hebben ket- terse ideeën te koesteren, vonden de Nederlanders dat zij het recht hadden zich te verzetten tegen het in hun ogen onrechtvaardige beleid van hun landsheer. Daarbij bleven zij de vorst als hun heer erkennen, maar hielden de fictie in stand dat zij ageerden tegen de ’slechte’ dienaren van de vorst. Willem van Oranje en de zijnen probeerden aanvankelijk in 1568 en 1572 door invallen van buiten de Nederlanden een algemene opstand te ontketenen. Dit mis- lukte, hoewel hun aanhang gestaag groeide. Vanaf 1572 verklaarden meer en meer steden in Holland en Zeeland zich voor de prins van Oranje en kristalliseerde het verzet zich in deze twee provincies.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Effects of the Military Revolution in the New World?
    Global effects of the Military Revolution in the New World? A study of military innovation and Spanish warfare in the sixteenth century. Niels de Bruijn s1079387 Koraalstraat 6 4817 HP Breda [email protected] 06 – 48 54 35 76 MA-thesis Medieval and Early Modern History Leiden University Thesis Supervisor: Dr. R.P. Fagel 12 February 2012 Contents Introduction 3 Part 1. The Spanish conquest of Mexico and Colombia 1519 – 1539 11 Chapter 1: Spanish expansion abroad, the conquest of New Spain (Mexico) and New Granada (Colombia). 12 Chapter 2: Firearms. 19 Chapter 3: Horses. 23 Chapter 4: Steel. 25 Chapter 5: Ships. 27 Chapter 6: Infantry tactics. 29 Conclusion of part one 32 Part 2. Spanish warfare in New Granada 1578 – 1595 33 Chapter 7: The Indian Militia by Bernardo de Vargas Machuca. 34 Chapter 8: Firearms. 37 Chapter 9: Horses. 39 Chapter 10: Steel. 41 Chapter 11: Ships. 43 Chapter 12: Infantry tactics. 44 Conclusion of part two 48 Part 3. Spanish warfare in the Low Countries 1581 – 1595 49 Chapter 13: Voor God en mijn Koning by Francisco Verdugo. 51 Chapter 14: Troops. 53 Chapter 15: Sieges. 55 Chapter 16: Ships. 58 Chapter 17: Infantry tactics. 59 Conclusion of part three 61 Conclusion 62 Sources 68 2 Introduction ‘War itself seemed necessary. In modern functional terms, it was the inevitable product of an international system that lacked a hegemonic power. To contemporaries, it was natural, as the best means by which to defend interests and achieve goals. The idea that such objectives might be better achieved through
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Sources in Early Modern European Military History In
    1994 by John A. Lynn Printed in the United States of America. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Contents Illustrations Note on Codes and Call Numbers Acknowledgments PART ONE — Introductory Materials Introduction Reference Works Special Collections of Documents and Ordonnances PART TWO — Military Treatises Sixteenth-Century Military Treatises, 1449-1598 Seventeenth-Century Military Treatises, 1599 to 1699 Eighteenth-Century Military Treatises, 1700 to 1789 Treatises on Military Medicine Treatises on Military Law and Collections of Military Laws Periodicals as Sources of Military History PART THREE — Sixteenth-Century Wars, 1489-1598 The Italian Wars, 1489-1559 Wars of Religion, 1562-1598 Sixteenth-Century Military Miscellany PART FOUR — Seventeenth-Century Wars, 1598-1700 Wars, 1598-1618 The Thirty Years’ War, 1618-1648/59 The English Civil Wars, 1642-1660 The Dutch War, 1672-1678/9 The Nine Years’ War, 1688-1697 Seventeenth-Century Military Miscellany PART FIVE — Eighteenth-Century Wars, 1700-1789 The War of the Spanish Succession, 1701-1714 The War of the Austrian Succession, 1740-1748 The Seven Years’ War, 1756-1763 Eighteenth-Century Military Miscellany Index Illustrations Title page adapted from the title page of Johan Jacobi von Wallhausen, L’art militaire pour l’infanterie (Leeuwarden, 1630). Part One title page adapted from the title page of Bernardino de Mendoza, Theorica & practica militaris (Frankfort, 1617). Part Two title page adapted from the title page of Jacob de Gheyn, Maniement d’armes, d’arquebuses, mousquetz et piques (Amsterdam, 1608). Part Three title page adapted from the title page of a German edition of Vegetius (Augsburg, 1529). Part Four title page adapted from the title page of Giorgio Basta, Le maistre du camp général (Frankfort, 1617).
    [Show full text]
  • 1 GRONINGEN, EEN STAD APART Over Afstand En De Effecten Ervan
    1 G RONIN G EN , EEN STAD APART Over afstand en de effecten ervan Alles wat bestaat wordt mede bepaald door zijn plaats zuiden door mensen van Saksische herkomst. Deze in de ruimte. Dat geldt ook voor steden. Of neder- bevolkingen hadden hun eigen zeden en gebruiken, zettingen zich ontwikkelen tot marktplaats, centrum en spraken verschillende talen en dialecten. Rengers van rivier- of zeehandel, bestuurszetel of industrie- wijst erop welke gevolgen de ligging van Groningen stad hangt in hoge mate af van hun situering. Een had voor de functie van deze plaats. Groningen werd beschouwing over de geografische plaats van een de plek waar mensen uit de omgeving en kooplieden stad kan een perspectief bieden dat helpt bij het in- van verder weg elkaar ontmoetten en handel konden terpreteren van de verschijnselen die zich in de loop drijven. De negentiende- en twintigste-eeuwse lite- van haar ontwikkeling hebben voorgedaan en biedt ratuur beschrijft niet alleen het fysisch-geografische mogelijkheden tot vergelijking met steden waarop milieu, maar heeft ook oog voor de omliggende ge- eenzelfde etiket kan worden geplakt. Niet voor niets bieden, die de basis waren van Groningens bestaan beginnen stadsgeschiedenissen vaak met een beschrij- en tegelijk ook het verzorgingsgebied vormen dat ving van het geografische decor. vanuit Groningen wordt bediend. Van het grote aan- Ook met Groningen is dat het geval. Wanneer de tal auteurs die dit thema min of meer uitvoerig ter geschiedschrijver al geen beeld schetst van de kale en sprake hebben gebracht, noem ik bij wijze van voor- onherbergzame, door ijzige windvlagen geteisterde beeld slechts H.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Jean ELSEN& Ses Filss.A
    Jean ELSEN & ses Fils s.a. Avenue de Tervueren 65, B-1040 Bruxelles Tél. 00-32-2-734.63.56 Fax 00-32-2-735.77.78 website : www.elsen.eu e-mail : [email protected] Collection J.R. Lasser (New York) Siege Coins th 24 March 2007 The results of the sale of the 1st part of the J.R. Lasser collection in September 2006 were exceptional. We will offer for sale the second part of this remarkable collection in March 2007, consisting of a whole series of siege coins, mainly of the Low Countries, but also including some foreign pieces. The eighty year’s war (1568-1648) is richly represented, including the rarest specimens. Haarlem besieged by the Spanish troops under don Frederic (December 11, 1572 to July 13, 1573), daalder of 32 stuivers (sols), 1572; Mailliet 47, 14; Delmonte 162a; van Gelder - (cfr 13c but punch 1 of 12,5 mm for the arms of the city). Extremely rare, Very Fine. (Delmonte 162a) Although a certain number of magistrates was in favour to surrender, Haarlem refused the king’s mercy offered by Boussu and the city decided to resist. The small garrison was led by Wigbout Ripperda, who had convinced the citizens that one could not have any confidence in the Spanish promises. The prince of Orange sent Marnix of Sint Aldegonde to Haarlem in order to organize the resistance. The duke of Alva gave the order to invest the city with an army of 30.000 men, which was achieved on December 11, 1572. On July 13, 1573, the famished city surrendered to don Frederic, the son of the duke of Alva.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen
    PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/107155 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2021-10-11 and may be subject to change. RENNENBERG EN DE GRONINGSE MALCONTENTEN EUROS RENNENBERG EN DE GRONINGSE MALCONTENTEN RENNENBERG EN DE GRONINGSE MALCONTENTEN ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT TBR VERKRIJGING VAN DE GRAAD VAN DOCTOR IN DE LETTEREN AAN DB KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT TB NIJMEGEN, OP GBZAG VAN DB RECTOR MAGNIFICUS T.A. BIRRELL, HOOGLERAAR IN DE FACULTEIT DER LETTEREN VOLGENS HBT BESLUIT VAN DB SENAAT IN HET OPENBAAR TE VERDEDIGEN OP VRIJDAG I MEI 1964, DES NAMIDDAGS TB 2 UUR DOOR FOKKO UBERTUS ROS M.H.M. GEBOREN TE GRONINGEN TE ASSEN BIJ VAN GOHCUM & COMP. N.V. - DR. H. J. PRAKKE & H. M. G. PRAKKE PROMOTOR: PROF. DR. L. J. ROGIER INHOUD AFKORTINGEN INLEIDING I. HET EERSTE JAAR VAN RENNENBERGS STADHOUDERSCHAP i. Toestand en verhoudingen aan de vooravond van Rennenbergs komst 7 2. Komst van Rennenberg en vertrek van het garnizoen 18 3. Toespitsing van de geschillen tussen Stad en Ommelanden 32 Π. DE CENTRALE REGERING EN HET CONPLICT TUSSEN STAD EN OMME­ LANDEN IN I578 1. De Commissie Mamix - De Silla 44 2. Rennenbergs bemoeiingen met het conflict 51 3. Nieuwe verzoeningspogingen van de Centrale Regering 63 Ш. DE RELIGIEVREDE 1. Verhouding tussen katholieken en protestanten vóór het religievrede-debat. 72 2. De Ommelanden en de religievrede 81 3. De Stad en de religievrede 86 IV.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dutch Republic 1575—1591
    Introduction to Late 16th Century Europeb; 1 NOTES Crucibles Within and Without THE BIRTH OF The Dutch Republic 1575—1591 FORGOTTEN SEA Excudebat Hugo Harlonii anno societatis LI d If You have Questions or Want a PDF of these Notes, PLEASE CONTACT Jonkheer Hugo van Harlo HugovanHarlo.com Email: [email protected] e Facebook: Hugo van Harlo d SECOND PRINTING Prepared for CHIEFTANS The XXV Day of February, 2017 In The BARONY OF THREE RIVERS, the Kingdom of Calontir Crucibles Within and Without: The Birth of the Dutch Republic 3 Notes A NOTE ON SCOPE ¶ The birth of the Dutch Republic was an extremely complex historical event. Contests of military, political, and cultural power intertwined with one another over the course of eighty years before formal independence from Spain was recognized and the Low Countries were at peace. ¶ Within those eight decades, the roughly fifteen-year span between 1575 and 1591 would prove to be pivotal to the formation of a separate, independent republic and the development of a Dutch national identity. ¶ For the sake of the hour this lecture has been designed for, the following notes will focus primarily on the political developments that lead to the birth of the Dutch state with secondary considerations given to the ongoing military conflict and publishing of seminal pamphlets and socio-political print culture. A further, more in-depth study of these latter two topics and others would be interesting, but is outside the scope of today’s introductory look at the topic. 1. dThe Origins of the Conflict (to 1575) 1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE LOW COUNTRIES e The Low Countries Today: Corresponds to modern day Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of northern France.
    [Show full text]
  • The Household of Archduke Albert of Austria from His Election As Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands Until His Investiture As S
    Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire The Household of Archduke Albert of Austria from His Election as Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands until His Investiture as Sovereign Prince of the Low Countries (1595-1598) José Eloy Hortal Muñoz Citer ce document / Cite this document : Hortal Muñoz José Eloy. The Household of Archduke Albert of Austria from His Election as Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands until His Investiture as Sovereign Prince of the Low Countries (1595-1598). In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 91, fasc. 4, 2013. Histoire médiévale, moderne et contemporaine Middeleeuwse, moderne en hedendaagse geschiedenis. pp. 1011-1055; doi : 10.3406/rbph.2013.8476 http://www.persee.fr/doc/rbph_0035-0818_2013_num_91_4_8476 Document généré le 15/07/2016 Résumé La Maison Royale de l’archiduc Albert d’Autriche, depuis son élection en tant que gouverneur de la Flandre jusqu’à son investiture comme Prince souverain des Pays-Bas, 1595-1598 L’archiduc Albert d’Autriche a été une des personnalités les plus importantes de la monarchie espagnole des Habsbourg pendant les règnes de son oncle, Philippe II, et de son cousin, Philippe III. Cependant, sa figure n’a pas été vraiment étudiée jusqu’à ces dernières années, or elle nous permet de comprendre beaucoup mieux de nombreux point concernant les histoires du Portugal, des Pays-Bas espagnols, du Saint-Empire et de la Monarchie espagnole pendant les derniers décennies du XVIe et le début du XVIIe siècle. Cette contribution est centrée sur l’étude des maisons royales depuis 1595, quand Albert a été désigné gouverneur des Pays-Bas, jusque 1598, quand il a été investi comme Prince souverain des mêmes terres.
    [Show full text]