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JEWISH HUMOR:

by Don L. F. Nilsen English Department Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287-0302 ( [email protected] )

Abramson, Glenda. "Mightier than the Sword: Jewish Cartoons and Cartoonists in South Africa." Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 4.2 (1991): 149-64. Adler, Hermann. “Jewish Wit and .” Nineteenth Century 33 (1893): 457-469. Adler, R. "Shalom Aleichem's "On Account of a Hat." . Ed. Avner Ziv. : Papyrus, 1986, 19-28. Alter, Robert. "Jewish Humor and the Domestication of Myth." Jewish Wry. Ed. Sarah Blacher Cohen. Detroit: Wayne State Univ Press, 1987, 25-36; also in Veins of Humor, Ed. Henry Levin, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 255-267. Alter, Robert. "Jewish Humor and the Domestication of Myth." Veins of Humor. Ed. Harry Levin. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1972, 255-68. Altman, Sig. The Comic Image of the : Explorations of a Pop Culture Phenomenon. Rutherford, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1968. Anderson, Gary A. A Time to Mourn, A Time to Dance: The Expression of Grief and Joy in Israelite Religion. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1991. Asimov, Isaac. Isaac Asimov's Treasury of Humor: A Lifetime Collection of Favorite Jokes, Anecdotes, and Limericks with Copious Notes on How to Tell Them and Why. Boston, MA: Houghton, Mifflin, 1971. Ausubel, Nathan, ed. A Treasury of Jewish Humor NY: M. Evans, 1951. Azen, Shirley Primack. “Laughter and Trembling: Eiron and in Greek and Jewis Humor.” Unpublished Dissertation, University of California at Santa Cruz, 1991. Baruch, Miri. "The Development of Humor in Israeli Children's Literature in the Twentieth Century." Semites and Stereotypes: Characteristics of Jewish Humor. Eds. Ziv, Avner, and Anat Zajdman. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1993, 177-184. Ben-Amos, Dan. "The Myth of Jewish Humor." Western Folklore 32.2 (1973): 112-131. Berger, Arthur Asa. The Genius of the Jewish Joke. Northvale: Jason Aronson, Inc, 1997. Berger, Arthur Asa. "Jewish Humor." An Anatomy of Humor. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, 1993, 75-96. Berger, Arthur Asa. Jewish Jesters. New York, NY: Hampton, 2001. Berghahn, Klaus L. "Comedy without Laughter: Jewish Characters in Comedies from Shylock to Nathan." Essays Unlimited: Essays on Humor, , and the Comic. Eds. Reinhold Grimm, and Jost Hermand. Madison: Univ of Wisconsin Press, 1991, 3-26. Bermant, Chaim. What's the Joke?: A Study of Jewish Humour through the Ages. London, England: Weidenfeld and Nicolsen, 1986. Blansfield, Karen C. " and the Comic Tradition in America." Studies in 6 (1988): 142-153. Bloom, James D. “American Jewish Humor.” Comedy: A Geographic and Historical Guide Ed. Maurice Charney. Westport, CT: Praeger/Greenwood Press, 2005, 93-105. Bloom, James D. Gravity Fails: The Comic Jewish Shaping of Modern America. Westport, CT: Praeger/Greenwood, 2003. Boskin, Joseph. "The Urban Comic Spirit." Culturefront 5.3 and 6.1 (1996), Special double issue on " in America," 137-155.

JEWISH HUMOR, PAGE 1 Bower, Kathrin. "Holocaust Avengers: From `The Master Race' to Magneto." International Journal of Comic Art 6.2 (2004): 182-194. Boyer, Jay. "The Schlemiezel: Black Humor and the Shtetle Tradition." Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 4.2 (1991): 165-76; also in Semites and Stereotypes: Characteristics of Jewish Humor edited by Avner Ziv and Anat Zajdman, 3-12. Brandes, Stanley. “Jewish American Dialect Jokes and Jewish-American Identity.” Jewish Social Studies 45 (1983): 233-240. Brook, Vincent. Something Ain't Kosher Here: The Rise of the "Jewish" New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2003. Chard-Hutchinson, Martine. "The Functions of Humor in Bernard Malamud's Fiction." Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 4.2 (1991): 177-88. Chard-Hutchinson, Martine. "Les Nourritures Spirituelles ou Quelques Histoires Juives d'Amérique è l'écran." CinémActon: Revue de Cinéma et de Télévision Dirigée par Guy Hennebelle 82.1 (1997): 182-187. Chase, Jefferson S. Inciting Laughter: The Development of “Jewish Humor” in 19th Century German Culture. New York, NY: Walter de Gruyter, 1999. Charney, Maurice. "Stanley Elkin and Jewish Black Humor." Jewish Wry. Ed. Sarah Blacher Cohen. Detroit: Wayne State Univ Press, 1987, 178-95. Chayat, Sherry. “JAP’ Baiting on the College Scene.” Lileth 17 (1987). Cohen, Sarah Blacher. "Bellow's Chicago Humor." Bellow Journal 6.1 (1987): 9-17. Cohen, Sarah Blacher. Cynthia Ozick's Comic Art: From Levity to Liturgy. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1994. Cohen, Sarah Blacher, ed. From Hester Street to Hollywood: The Jewish-American Stage and Screen. Bloomington: Indiana Univ Press, 1986. Cohen, Sarah Blacher. "The Jewish Literary Comediennes." Comic Relief: Humor in Contemporary American Literature. Urbana: Univ of Illinois Press, 1978, 172-86. Cohen, Sarah Blacher. Jewish Wry: Essays on Jewish Humor. Detroit: Wayne State Univ Press, 1991. Cohen, Sarah Blacher. 's Enigmatic Laughter. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1974. Cohen, Sarah Blacher. "The Unkosher Comediennes: From Sophie Tucker to Joan Rivers." Jewish Wry. Detroit, MI: Wayne State Univ Press, 1987, 105-124. Cohen-Trumer, Dominique. "L'Humour Juif." Parcours Judaïques 1 (1993): 85-102. Cooper, Alan. "The Jewish Sit-Down Comedy of Philip Roth." Jewish Wry. Ed. Sarah Blacher Cohen. Detroit, MI: Wayne State Univ Press, 1987, 158-77. Cory, Mark. "Comedic Distance in Holocaust Literature." Journal of American Culture 18.1 (1995): 35-40. Cray, Ed. "The -Trickster." Journal of American Folklore 77 (1964): 331-345. Davies, Christie. "An Explanation of Jewish Jokes about Jewish Women." Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 3.4 (1990): 363-78. Davies, Christie. "Exploring the Thesis of the Self-Deprecating Jewish Sense of Humor." Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 4.2 (1991): 189-210; also in Semites and Stereotypes: Characteristics of Jewis Humor edited by Avner Ziv and Anat Zajdman, 29-46. Davies, Christie. " and Survival in Contemporary Siciety: The Evidence from Jewish Humor." in Jewish Survival. 1998, 123-144. Davies, Christie. "Two Chapters on Jewish Humor," The Mirth of Nations. Somerset, NJ: Transaction, 2002. Dines, . The Jewish Joke Book. NY: Future/Macdonald, 1986. Doherty, Thomas. "Art Spiegelman's Maus: Graphic Art and the Holocaust." American Literture 68 (1996): 69- 84. Dorinson, Joseph. "The Jew as Comic: , Mel Brooks, Woody Allen." Jewish Humor. Ed. Avner Ziv. Tel Aviv: Papyrus, 1986, 29-46. Dorinson, Joseph. "Jewish Humor: Mechanisms for Defense, Weapon for Cultural Affirmation." Journal of Psychohistory 8 (1981): 447-464.

JEWISH HUMOR, PAGE 2 Dorinson, Joseph, and Joseph Boskin. “Racial and Ethnic Humor.” Humor in America: A Research Guide to Genres and Topics. Ed. Lawrence E. Mintz. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1988, 163-194. Dorson, Richard. "Jewish-American Dialect Stories on Tape." Studies in Biblical and Jewish Folklore. Eds. R. Patai, F. L. Utley, and D. Noy. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1960, 109-174. Dorson, Richard. "More Jewish Dialect Stories." Midwest Folklore 10 (1960): 133-146. Draitser, Emil. "Sociological Aspects of the Russian Jewish Jokes of ." HUMOR: International Journal of Humor Research 7.3 (1994): 245-268. Dundes, Alan. The Blood Libel Legend: A Casebook in Anti-Semitic Folklore. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991. Dundes, Alan. "The J.A.P. and the J.A.M. in American Jokelore." The Humor Prism in Twentieth-Century America. Ed. Joseph Boskin, Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1997, 225-249; reprinted in Cracking Jokes: Studies of Sick Humor Cycles and Stereotypes, Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press, 1987, 62-81. Dundes, Alan. “A Study of Ethnic Slurs: The Jew and the Polack in the .” Journal of American Folklore 84 (1971): 186-203; reprinted in Cracking Jokes: Studies of Sick Humor Cycles and Stereotypes. Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press, 1987, 115-138. Eckardt, A. Roy. Sitting in the Earth and Laughing: A Handbook of Humor. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, 1992. Eilbirt, Henry. What Is a Jewish Joke? An Excursion into Jewish Humor. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson, 1991. Eisen, George. Children and Play in the Holocaust. Amherst: Univ of Massachusetts Press, 1988. Elizur, Avshalom C. "Psychodynamic and Cognitive Aspects of Humor (IN HEBREW)." Sihot/Dialogue: Journal of Psychotherapy 6.1 (1991): 5-18. Epstein, Lawrence J. The Haunted Smile: The Story of Jewish Comedians in America. New York, NY: PublicAffairs, 2001. Erens, Patricia. "You Could Die from Laughing: Jewish Humor and Film." East West Film Journal 2.1 (1987): 50-61. Fein, Richard J. The Dance of Leah: Discovering in America. Rutherford, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1986. Flashner, Graham. Fun with Woody: The Complete Woody Allen Quiz Book. New York: Holt, 1987. Freadman, Richard. "Love among the Stereotypes, or Why Woody's Women Leave." Semites and Stereotypes: Characteristics of Jewish Humor. Eds. Ziv, Avner, and Anat Zajdman. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1993, 107-120. Friedman, Hershey H. “He Who Sits in Heaven Shall Laugh: Divine Humor in Talmudic Literatrure.” Thalia: Studies in Literary Humor 17.1-2 (1998): 36-50. Friedman, Hershey H. "Humor in the Hebrew Bible." HUMOR: International Journal of Humor Research 13.3 (2000): 257-287. Friedman, Hershey H., and Steve Lipman. "Satan the Accuser: Trickster in Talmudic and Midrashic Literature. Thalia: Studies in Literary Humor. 28.1-2 (1999): 31-41. Friedman, Mark. "The End of the Punchlilne: The Rise and Fall of Jewish Humor in American Culture. Humanistic 19.3 (1991): 22-30. Friedman, Melvin. "The Schlemiel: Jew and Non-Jew." Studies in the Literary Imagination. 9.1 (1976): 139- 153. Fuchs, . "Is There Humor in and If Not, Why Are We Laughing? Jewish Wry. Ed. Sarah Blacher Cohen. Detroit, MI: Wayne State Univ Press, 1987, 216-233. Fuchs, Esther. Omanut ha-hitamemut: al ha-ironia shel shay agnon "Cunning Innocence: On S. Y. Agnon's ." Tel Aviv, Israel: Tel Aviv University, 1985. Fuchs, Esther. Sehok Semuy: Hebetim Komiyim Bayetzira Ha-Agonit "Hidden Laughter: Comic Aspects in S. Y. Agnon's Fiction." Tel Aviv, Israel: Reshafim, 1987. Fuchs, Esther. "Wherefrom did Gediton Enter Gumlidata?--Realism and Comic Subversiveness in

JEWISH HUMOR, PAGE 3 'Forevermore.'" Modern Language Studies 15.4 (Fall, 1985): 64-79. Gehring, Wes D. "The Marx of Time." Thalia: Studies in Literary Humor 11.1 (1989): 25-33. Gentz, Annette. "Der Fuehrer's Animation--Animation and Propaganda in the German Reich." International Journal of Comic Art 6.2 (2004): 172-181. Gilman, Sander L. "Jewish Jokes: and the Hidden Language of the Jews." Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Thought 7.4 (1984): 591-614. Giora, Rachel. “Indirect Negation View of Irony: Dolly City A Compassionate City.” (in Hebrew) An Overcoat of Benjamin: Papers on Literature for Benjamin Hershav, On His Seventieth Birthday Tel Aviv, Israel: Porter Institute of Tel Aviv University—Hakibutz Hameuchad, 1999, 187-192. Giora, Rachel. "Masking One's Themes: Irony and the Politics of Indirectness." Themantics in Psychology and Literary Studies. New York, NY: John Benjamins, 2001. Girgus, Sam B. "Philip Roth and Woody Allen: Freud and the Humor of the Repressed." Semites and Stereotypes: Characteristics of Jewish Humor. Eds. Ziv, Avner, and Anat Zajdman. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1993, 121-130. Goldberg, Israel (Rufus Learsi). Filled with Laughter: A Fiesta of Jewish Folk-Humor. New York, 1961. Goldman, Albert. "The Boy-Man Shlemiel in Jewish Humor." Commonweal 86 (1967): 605-608. Goldman, Albert. "Laughtermakers." Jewish Wry. Ed. Sarah Blacher Cohen. Detroit, MI: Wayne State Univ Press, 1987, 80-88. Goldsmith, Emanuel S. "Sholom Aleichem's Humor of Affirmation and Survival." Semites and Stereotypes: Characteristics of Jewish Humor. Eds. Ziv, Avner, and Anat Zajdman. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1993, 13-28. Good, Edwin. Irony in the Old Testament. Philadelphia, PA: Westminster, 1965. Gordon, Mel. Shtik: 300 Years of Jewish Comedy. 1995. Greenstein, Michael. " Richler and Jewish-Canadian Humor." Jewish Wry. Ed. Sarah Blacher Cohen. Detroit, MI: Wayne State Univ Press, 1987, 196-215. Grotjahn, Martin. "Dynamics of Jewish Jokes." American Behavioural Scientist 30.3 (1986): 96-98. Grotjahn, Martin. "Jewish Jokes and Their Relation to Masochism." A Celebration of Laughter, Ed. Werner M. Mendel. Los Angeles, 1970, 135-142. Guttman, Allen. "Jewish Humor." The Comic Imagination in American Literature. Ed. Louis D. Rubin, Jr. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Univ Press, 1983, 329-38. Guttman, Allen. "Saul Bellow's Humane Comedy." Comic Relief: Humor in Contemporary American Literature. Ed. Sarah Blacher Cohen. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1978, 127-151. Harris, David A., and Izrail Rabinovich. The Jokes of Oppression: The Humor of Soviet Jews. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson, 1988. Hes, J., and J. Levine. "Kibbutz Humor." Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseasses 135 (1962): 327-331. Homann, Ursula. "Der Witz als Waffe: Lachen und Humor in der Jüdischen Tradition." Tribüne 126 (1993): 179-187. Howe, Irving. "The Nature of Jewish Laughter." The New American Mercury 72 (1951): 211-219; reprinted in Jewish Wry. Ed. Sarah Blacher Cohen. Detroit, MI: Wayne State Univ Press, 1987, 16-24. Jason, Heda. "The Jewish Joke: The Problem of Definition." Southern Folklore Quarterly 31 (1967): 48-54. Jofen, Jean. "A New View of the Sources of Sholem Aleichem's Humor." Yiddish 10.2-3 (1996): 100-109. Juni, Samuel. "Identification with Aggression vs. Turning against the Self: An Em;irical Study of Turn-of-the- Century European Jewish Humor." Current Psychology 14.4 (1996): 313-328. Katz, David. Words on Fire: The Unfinished Story of Yiddish. New York, NY: Basic Books, 2004. Katz, Frank. “Screaming Laughing: The Functions and Varieties of Humor in American Holocaust Literature.” Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation. Tempe, AZ: Arizona State University, 2000. Knox, Israel. "The Traditional Roots of Jewish Humor." Judaism 12 (1963); also in Holy Laughter. Ed. M. Conrad Hyers. New York, NY: The Seabury Press, 1969. 150-165. Kohn, Jacob P., and Ludwig Davidson. "Jewish Wit and Humor." Universal Jewish Encyclopedia, Volume 10.

JEWISH HUMOR, PAGE 4 New York, 1943, 545-547. Krieger, Rosalin. "Does He Actually Say the Word Jewish?--Jewish Representations in ." Journal for Cultural Research 7.4 (2003): 387-404. Kristol, Irving. “Is Jewish Humor Dead? The Rise and Fall of the Jewish Joke.” Commentary 12 (1951): 431- 436. Kumove, Shirley. More Words, More Arrows: A Further Collection of Yiddish Folk Sayings. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1999. Kundera, Milan. The Book of Laughter and Forgetting. New York, NY: Penguin, 1980. Landmann, Salcia. "On Jewish Humor." Jewish Journal of Sociology 4 (1962): 193-204. Landmann, Salcia. Der Judische Witz. Freiburg, Germany: Walter Verlag 1961. Lang, Dov B. "On the Biblical Comic." Judaism 11 (1962), 249-254. Lax, Eric. Woody Allen: A Biography. New York, NY: Knopf/Random House, 1991. LeBlanc, Ronald D. "Love and Death and Food: Woody Allen's Comic Use of Gastronomy." Literature Film Quarterly 17.1 (1989): 18-26. Learsi, Rufus. Filled with Laughter: A Fiesta of Jewish Folk Humor New York, NY: Thomas Yoseloff, 1961. Lefkowitz, Larry. Gastronomy." Literature Film Quarterly 17.1 (1989): 18-26.New Jewish Humor. Jerusalem, Israel: L. Lefkowitz, 1993. Levenson, Sam. “The Dialect Comedian Should Vanish.” Commentary 14 (1952): 168-170. Levenson, Sam. Meet the Folks: A Session of American-Jewish Humor. New York, 1946, 1954. Levin, Itamer, ed. Yad Vashem (Beyond the Tears: Jewish Humor Under Nazi Occupation). Tel Aviv, Israel: Miskal/Yedioth Ahronoth Books and Chemed Books, 2004. Lewis, Anthony. "The Jew in Stand-up Comedy." From Hester Street to Hollywood. Ed. Sarah Blacher Cohen. Bloomington: Indiana Univ Press, 1986, 58-70. Lewis, Paul. "Painful Laughter: The Collapse of Humor in Woody Allen's Stardust Memories. Studies in American 5 (1986): 141-150. Lewis, Paul. "Joke and Anti-Joke: Three Jews and a Blindfold." Journal of Popular Culture 21.1 (1987): 63-73. Lewis, Paul. "Three Jews and a Blindfold: The Politics of Gallows Humor." Semites and Stereotypes: Characteristics of Jewish Humor. Eds. Ziv, Avner, and Anat Zajdman. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1993, 47-58. Liebman, Robert Leslie. " or Rakes, or Supermen? Jewish Identity in Charles Chaplin, , and Woody Allen." Literature/Film Quarterly 12.3 (1984): 195-201. Lipman, Steve. Laughter in Hell: The Use of Humor during the Holocaust. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson, 1993. Lyman, Darryl. The Jewish Comedy Catalog. Middle Village, NY: Jonathan David, 1989. Markfield, Wallace. "The Yiddishization of American Humor." Esquire 64 (October, 1965): 110-117. Marks, Wendy. “An Analysis of `Jewish American Princess Jokes.’” Unpublished MA Thesis. University of California at Santa Barbara, 1993. Mendelsohn, Samuel Felix. The Jew Laughs: Humorous Stories and Anecdotes. Chicago, IL: L. M. Stein, 1935. Mendelsohn, Samuel Felix. Here's a Good One: Stories of Jewish Wit and Wisdom. New ork, 1947. Mendelsohn, Samuel Felix. Let Laughter Ring: Humorous Jewish Stories. Philadelphia, PA: The Jewish Publication Society, 1941. Mendelsohn, Samuel Felix. The Merry Heart: Wit and Wisdom from Jewish Folklore. New York, 1951. Mendelsohn, Samuel Felix. The New Laughs: Humorous Anecdotes and Stories. Chicago, IL: L. M. Stein, 1935. Miller, Carolyn. "Are Jews Funnier than Non-Jews?" Semites and Stereotypes: Characteristics of Jewish Humor. Eds. Ziv, Avner, and Anat Zajdman. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1993, 59-70. Moreland, Richard C. “Antisemiticism, Humor, and Rage in Faulkner’s The Hamlet.” Faulkner Journal 3.1 (1987): 52-70. Morreall, John. "Sarcasm, Irony, Wordplay, and Humor in the Hebrew Bible: A Response to Hershey Friedman." HUMOR: International Journal of Humor Research. 14.3 (2001): 293-302.

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