sign in sign up
<<
Home , Bellary district, Harpanahalli, Ujjini

1951

CENSUS HANDBOOK

BELLARY DISTRICT

PRINTED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT GOVERNMENT PRESS MADRAS 1953

CONTENTS

PAGE . J" PAGE PAl!.T:~, ·1 PREFAcE v - Section (ii). 2 Introductory note about the district with annexures •. 1 8 R'ural Stati8tic8-(Info~ation regarding ,area, . number of occupied houses, literac~r,.distribution of pGpula­ tion by livelihood classes, cultivated a.re~ small·scale STATISTICS. industrial establishments and' inoidence of leprOsy in villagE'S) with appendix giving a list of villages with PART 1. a population exceeding 5,000 but treated as rural •• 69 sooUon (i). Section (iii). :3 • A = General Popuwtion Tables- 9 Urban Stati8tic8-(Information regarding area, number A-I-Area, Houses and Population 12 of occupied houses, literacy, distribution of popula­ tion by livelihood classes, small· scale industrial A-II-Variation in Population during fifty years 13 establishments and incidence of leprosy in each ward of each census town and city) .• 133 A·III-Towns and Villages classified by population 14 A-IV-Cities and Towns classified by:Population with PAB.T II. variatioDs since 1901 16 10 • C' HouBehold and Age (Sample) Tables- A-V-Towns arranged talukwise with Population by Col-Household (size) 152 Livelihood Classes .,. 18 C·li-Livelihood Classes by Age-groups 153 4 • E ' Summary Figures by taluk6 19 C-IV-Age and Literacy 156 ·5 • B • Eoonomic Tables- 11 • D' Social and OultuTal Table8- B-I-Livelihood Classeil and Sub-classes 22 D-I-Languages- B-II-Secondary means of Livelihood 26 (i) Mother-tongue - 159 .B-III-Employers, Employees a.nd Independent Workers (ii) Bi.lingualism 161 in Industries and Services by Divisions and - - Subdivisions 29 D-II-Religion 168 D-Ill-Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes~ 169 <6 Small-Bcale Industries Tabl_ D-IV-:Migrants-Tra.ct where enumerated 171 I-Distribution of Small-Bcale Industries by tracts 56 D-VI-Non-Indian Nationals 176 II-Employment in Textile Establishments for Census ... tracts 57 D-VII-Livelihood Classes by Educational Standardil'" 177 III-Employment in Non·Textile Establishments for 12 DiBtrict Occupational Abstract-(Abstract shOwing Census tracts 60 means of livelihood groups a.nd sub-groups under non,agricnltural occupations and the number of self­ '1 ~ L' Incidence of Leprosy by Livelihood Classes jor ~alU". 67 supporting persons engaged in them) _ 187

Bellary-lA

PREFACE

The Government used to compile and publish District Manuals for each district prior to 1905. The manuals became obsolete within a few years of their publication, containing as they did not only matter of a more or less permanent character such as physical character­ istics, history, religion and ethnography, but also statistical matters which soon became out of date. The Government decided to replace the District Manuals by another publication known as the District Gazetteer, consisting of two volumes, A and B. The A volume contained descriptive matter and such general figures, as might be necessary to explain the text, and the B volume contained detailed statistics. They also decided that the B volume should be brought out periodically, especially after each decennial census~ Between 1905 and 1927 A volumes for thirteen districts were published. In 1927 they were discontinued. B volumes for all the

Village Statistics, containing the results of the census for every village in the State, were first compiled and published in 1872, at the instance of Mr. C. E. Gover, who was then the Census Officer in Madras. His successor, in 1882, considered that this publication led to needless expenditure and trouble.in printing the tables villagewar, but the Government decided that the Village Statistics should continue to be published. The practice of issuing Village Statistics at every census was followed subsequently. The Village Statistics merely showed the number of occupied houses and population of each village and town by religions.

The idea of preparing the present volume, viz., the District Census Handbook for each \ district was put forward by Sri R. A. Gopalaswami, I.C.S., Registrar-General, , and ex-officio Census Commissioner of India, as part of a plan intended to secure an effective method of preserving the census records prepared for areas below the district level. He proposed that all the district census tables and census abstracts prepared during the process of sorting and compilation should be bound together in a single manuscript volume, called the District Census Handbook, and suggested to the State Governments that the handbook (with or without the addition of other useful information relating to the district) should be printed and published, at their own cost, in the same manner as the Village Statistics in the past. In accepting this suggestion, the Government of Madras decided to print and publish the more important portion of statistical data relating to the district and to preserve the rest of the records in a manuscript volume for any future use, to which they may be put.

2. The statistical data embodied in the District Census Handbook have to be understood from the background of the changes introduced in the 1951 census. The most important and fundamental ch~nge introduced" in the 1951 census consists in the substitution of an economic classification oftha people for the classification ~ased on Religion and CommunHies vi adopted in the past. The people were divided into two broad livelihood categories, the Agricultural and the Non-Agricultural. Four agricultural classes and four non-agricultural classes were prescribed as shown below :- Agricultural Olasses- I. Cultivators of land, wholly or mainly owned, and their dependants. II. Cultivators of land, wholly or mainly unowned, and the~r dependants: III. Cultivating labourers a.ncl their dependants, IV. Non-cultivating owners of land, agricultural rent receivers and their dependants. Non-Agricultural Olasses- Persons (including their dependants) who derive their principal means of livelihood from- v. Production other than cultivation, VI. Commerce, VII. Transport, and VIII. Other services and miscellaneous sources. Each of the above eight livelihood classes were divided into three sub-classes with reference to their economic status as below :- (i) Self-supporting persons, (ii) Non-earning dependants, and (iii) Earning dependants. These livelihood sub-classes have been defined in detail in the fly-leaf notes attached to Economic Table B-1 included in this Handbook. All non-earning dependants are economically passive, all earning dependants are economically semi-active. All self-supporting persons are ordinarily economically active but the classes and groups specified below constitute an exception to this rule- (I) Self-supporting persons of Agricultural Class IV, (2) Self-supporting persons of Livelihood Class VIII, who derive their principal means of livelihood from any source other than through economic activity, viz.- (a) Non-working owners of non-agricultural property; (b) Pensioners and remittance holders; (0) Persons living on charity and other persons with unproductive occupations; and (d) Inmates of penal institutions and asylums. Economically active persons engaged in cultivation are either cultivators or CUltivating la.bourers. Economic Table B-1 gives particulars of the popUlation classified according to the eight livelihood classes and the three sub-classes mentioned above. EconomicaJ.ly active persons engaged in industries and services have been classified with reference to the nature of the commodity produced or service perfonned. They are further divided into three sections, viz •• Employers, Employees and Independent Workers.. vii

Economic Table B-III gives particulars of the economically active persons classified under the divisions and subdivisions of industries and services of the Indian Census Economic Classification Scheme. Table C-I, included in this Handbook covers the population of sample households and Tables C-II and C-IV cover a 10 per cent sample popUlation. The method adopted for extracting these samples has been described in detail in the fly-leaf notes attached to the relevant tables.

3. Scheme of th6 Oensu8 Handbook.-The Handbook has been divided into two parts: Part I consists of three sections, namely, Section (i) containing the General Population Tables (A-series), the Economic Tables (B-series), Summary figures for the district .by Taluks (Table E), Tables I, II and III relating to Small-scale Industrial Establishments and Table L showing the Incidence of Leprosy, Section (ii) containing the Rural Statistics, and Section (iii) containing the Urban Statistics, and Part II containing the Household (size) Table C-I, and Tables showing Livelihood Classes and Literacy by Age-groups (C-IlandC-IV), the Social and Cultural Tabl@s (D-series) and an abstract of non-agricultural occupations in the district. Among the tables included in the Handbook, Table A-lV-Towns classified by population with variations since 1901, Economic Table B-II-Seconda:rymeans of Livelihood under each livelihood class and Table C-II-Livelihood classes by age-groups furnish informa­ tionat the district level. The other population babIes in the A-series, the summary figures by taluks (Table E) and the infirmity Table (L) showing the incidence of leprosy furnish infor. mation for each taluk in the district with a district total. The rural statistics in Part 1- Section (li) furnish basic information in respect of every village and town arranged accord. ing to census tracts. In addition to the total population of the villages, and its distribution among the eight livelihood classes, information regarding the number of literates, the culti­ vated area, the number of small-scale industrial establishments under categories, textile and non-textile and the number of leprosy cases and doubtful cases has been included. The urban statistics in Part I-Section (iii) furnish similar information except that relating to cultivated area in respect of every unit classified as city or census town in the district with ward-wise data. All other tables included in the Handbook provide information for units called census tracts with totals for the district.

4. Oensu8 Tracts.-A distinctive feature of the census statistics is its rural/urban break­ up designed with a view to compare the conditions and characteristics of the rural and urban popUlation. The rural areas of each district were therefore kept distinct from the urban areas. For facilitating tabulation these areas were divided into a number of rural and urban tracts. As far as possible, the rural area in each taluk was constituted into a single rural tract. In a few cases however where the taluks were small in size with reference to their population, the rural areas of more than one taluk were taken together as a single rural tract. The urban tracts have been formed out of areas declared as cities and census towns in each district. Every city was treated as a separate tract. Towns other than • cities were grouped together to form non-city urban tracts. Wherever possible, the tOW1lR in each taluk were constituted into a single non-city urban tract. In cases where the towns in a taluk had a population of less than 50,000 the towns in more than one taluk were greuped viii together to form a non-city urban tract. All the rural tracts in the State have been assigned numbers in one series, the non-city urban tracts in another series and the city tracts in a third seriefll. In all the tables where the data have been furnished for tracts, the tracts have been denoted by numbers that have been assigned to them. A list of tracts into which the district has been divided and the areas comprised in each is furnished in the fly-leaf note to Economic Table B-1 relating to the district. The districts, taluks and villa,ges mentioned in the Tables and Abstracts have been shown along with the census location code numbers assigned to them for purposes of census operations. The numbers given to the Tables in this publication correspond to those given in the State Census Report. Elaborate notes explaining the scheme of each Table have been introduced in the fly-leaf attached to each with a view to enable the reader to get a precise idea of the data furnished in the Table. 5. Tables relating to Small-scale Industries.-In the year 1950 a census of Small-scale Industries was instituted under the orders of the Government. The object was to get some idea about small industries such as cottage and home industries, small establishments, workshops, etc., where articles were produced, repaired or otherwise treated for sale, use or disposal and small mines. The enquiry was confined to establishments to which the Factories Act was not applicable. Individuals who worked on their own and did not employ other people were left out of account. From the data collected three Tables were prepared and• they have been includ~d in the Handbook. Information giving village-wise and ward-wise information for Small-scale Industries have been incorporated in the rural and urban statistics. The details collected and embodied in the Tables are not to be consi­ dered accurate or exhaustive, as the enumeration .staff employed had not been trained for the purpose and some cases of under-enumeration were noticed. However, the figures given in the Tables may be sufficient to give an insight into the nature of the in~ustries prevalent in the different parts of the distriot. 6. Opportunity has been taken to put in a short introductory note detailing the salient points connected with the district, suoh as the physioal features, olimate, rainfall, irrigation

and drainage facilities, roads and other communications, crop statistics, education, indus A tries and other matters of general interest. The information contained in the introductory note is based on the materials furnished by Collectors of distriots and Departments of Govern­ ment.. The District Gazetteer was also freely referred to. The relevant paragraph of the 1951 Census Report discussing the growth of population in the district has also been incorporated in the proper place. A district map showing taluk boundaries, physical features, important roads and places with a population exceeding 5,000 is also attached. It is hoped that this Handb

Scale I I~ch= 10 Miles

KURNOOL

H Y D ERA BAD

REFERENCE

Divilionheldqulrterl

Tahsildar'sheadqu~te" )1

Dep.,yT,hstld,,'shesd qUIrt'" »)

Townl BELLARY

VilI.ges.\ove50IlOiuhsbilaols Molagavalli

Di,trictbollurt,ry

R,ill'llyiinewith Station (JIMud glllge)

~NANTAPUR RuilWlY line with Slation (Melregiluge! =-= I NatlOn.i Highways with mile slone } _..._ I (proposed) , 301 ~ Slil~ Highways with mile slone - ... - RUG.~ M'jorD,triut,Rowl = I ,_ ",,. '"1-''' Olher Dislrict Road ••••• ----c:::., Riverwilh .lll1m ......

i Yl!Iic~hilll(lpp11lximlte) TheL~lilllde8!11reflljiJle 10 IheGreBnl!nh,Me~ldlln OIherViil Illlnglnil 01 MldlllpJllrtllory il 80,1/·01 EIII, ag!l H.Ui I

\ 30'

~1I0.7Q'5H80 9. .

INTRODUCTION TO BELLARY DISTRICT

I. (a) Situation and physical characteristics.­ Sandur taluks and the western portions of Ho~pet Beilary is tho westernmost of the four taluk is of mixed soil and the terrain is broken up of the Madras .Stato. It is situated between 14° 30' by a succession of tiers of wild and rugged hills lying and 16° of the northern latitude and 75° 35' and ali a greater elevation than in the ea.stern portion. 76° 40' of the eastern longitude. The district is flanked on the south by the Mysoro State and on The Sandur hills already mentioned, begin in the­ the west by the Bombay State, and on the north by north at Mallapuram in taluk on the bank of th& the Hyderabad State. The districts of Kurnool and and run south-east for over 30 miles Anantapur lie on the east. The district consists of right across the district separating it into two divIsions the following ten taluks comprised in two Revenue with only one break through which the Narihailn. river crosses their main axis R.t right angles. Th& Divisions as shown below:- highest point in the Sandur hills is in the south and Revenue Head· Area Head­ is 3,400 feet above the sea. Ramanamalai overlooking Division. quarters. Ta.luks. (in sq. quarters. the hill station of Ramandrug in the centre is 3,256 miles). feet in altitude and the J ambunath peak in the extreme Bellary Bellary .. Bellary 652 Bellary. nort h is 2,980 fe(}t in elevation. Rayadrug 682 Rayadrug. 4(}3 Sjruguppa. 'l'he other ranges of hills in the district also run Alur 613 Alur. Adoni 766 Adoni. from north-west to south-east roughly parallel tc the (including Sandur hills. yemmiga . nur sub· The most prominent is the Copper :'fountain HiH te.luk). which rising near tank in Hospet taluk runs Hospet .. Hospet .. Hospet (indud.") {HOspet. ing Mallapur. )- 384 Mana- along the borders of Hospet and Beilary taluks in the amsub-taluk).J puram. north and along the borders of Rayadrug and Beilary Sandur . . 481 Sandur. taluks on the south to within four miles of the Bagari Hadagalli 587 Hadagalli. Kud1igi 703 Kud1igi. river. Its highest point, the Copper Mountain, is 3,285 Ha.rpana. 611 Harpana. foot above the sea. halH. halli. Some 30 miles south-west of the Sandur hills in The villages of Jodikasinayakanahalli, Gowripura, the Hadagalli and taluks and close to Jodibommanahalli, Bommagatta, Sarvainam, Obala­ the Tungabhadra near Honnuru the Mallappan puram and Devarabuddenahalli villages of Mysore Gudda range runs south-east for some 25 mile~ State were absorbed in this district under the Absorp­ and is broken by the Valley of the Chikka Hagari. It tion of Enclaves Order, 1950. The district is elongated starts again 7 miles farther on and extends into the from south-west to north-Bast. The Rayadrug taluk Mysore territory. The chief peak, Mallappan Betta, is is wodged botween and the distri~t of 3,177 feet in height. Anantapur. Further south-west about 8 to 10 miles from The lavel of the district falls gently from south to the Mallappan Gudda range aro the Kalla Halli Gudda. north towards the river Tungabhadra which covers hills. Starting in Hadagalli taIuk, they run for about its entire northern boundary. A smaIl area in the nine miles from north-west to south-east and 'entering extreme east of Alur and Adoni taluks and an even the Rarpanahalli taluk join the group of hills south of smaller portion of Rayadrug taluk slope down towards Harpanahalli town which rua up to Huchangidurgam. the east. In taluk a line of hills starting at Anekalln The district is divided into two natural Gud~a .(2,387 feet high) at the trijunction of Hospet~ regions by the Sandur hills running right across the Kudhgl and Hadagalh taluks run south-east wards middle of the district from north-west to south-east. passing to the north and east of Kudligi town and The eastern portion consisting of the taluks of Adoni. terminating near Taramalidrug, 2,743 feet high. Siruguppa, Alur, Beilary and Rayadrug and the eastern portion of Hospet taluk is a flat treeless expanse. of Another range starts at Choranurn in Sandur taInk black cotton soil diversified here and there by rocky and passing through Gudekota in the eastern portion hills characteristic of the Deccan. The western portion of Kudligi taluk and through the Mysore State between comprising Hadagalli, Barpanahalli. Kudligi and Rayadrug and Kudligi talUks terminates at Rayadrug. Bel1a.ry-l The AIur hills consist of a number of hills too north on the western part of Hospet taluk, west or detached to be called rangos; tho Kenchanaguddam Sandur hills, (5) the Narihalla river which rises in hill on the banks of the Tungabhadra, the cluster of Kudligi taluk, cuts the Sandur hills and flows across hills near Halekota, the Kanchagara-Bellagallu ridge, all Daroji tank in Sandur taluk and (6) the Harivanam in Siruguppa taIuk, the hills near Holalagondi, and the nulla flowing between the Adoni and Alur hills into confused group north-west of Alur town, and the _ Siruguppa taluk. isolated peaks of Hattibellagalu, Ramadurgam and (c) Forests.-The area of the forests in the district Chippigiri form the Alur hills is 682'21 square miles consisting of 564'21 square miles In Adoni taluk a number of isolated hills and of reserve forests and 118 square miles of estate clusters of hills commencing at Kosigi run south. They forests taken over. The particulars of tho area of include the Kamanghat peak, the Adoni Cluster and forests in each taluk are given hereunder :- the lesser hills to the south-east of Adoni. Estate Reserve forest . Total In Rospet taluk a rugged group of hills called forest. taken the Daroji hills extend from Daroji tank up to Name of taluk. over.

Rospet. The hills to the north of the Daroji SQ. lIULES. SQ. MILES. SQ. MILES. hills is another cluster. Adoni 34·94 34'94 Siruguppa 1'27 1·27 Another cluster worth mention is that at Kuru­ Hospet 87·04 87·04 . godu in Bellary taluk, 14 miles north, north-west of Sandur 44·59 llS 162'59 Bellary town. The Bellary Rock is 1,976 feet in Alur 18·74 18'74 Bellary 9·14 9·14 altitude. Hadagalli ., 37·35 37·35 Harpanahalli 81·42 81·42 (b) Rivcr8.-The chief river of the district is the Kudligi 205'82 205·82 'l'ungabhadra flowing along the district's entire western Rayadrug .. 43-90 43·90 and northern boundary for just ovel' 200 miles. The Total 564'21 118 682·21 river is formed by the junction in Mysore of two rivers, the Tunga and the Bhadra, which have their source in The forests consist of thorny scrub, deciduous the Varahaparvata hills high up in the , species and soft wood species as well as bamboo and on the frontier betwoen the Mysore State and the gra;.;s. In the Sandur hillA there is some teak and sandal~ South Kanara district. The river's course lies on the wood. western boundary of Harpanahalli and Hadagalli taluks and thence in a north-easterly direction on the (d) Olimate and rainfall.-From March to May the northern boundary of Hadagalli, Hospet, Siruguppa thermometer keeps unpleasantly high. The dryness and Adoni taluks. There are small islands here and of the air, however, makos the temperature more there on the river bed. The chief tributaries of the bearable than in the damp coastal districts. The period Tungabhadra are the Chikkahagari and the Hagari. from May to October is noticeably cool. From Novem­ ber to February the district enjoys a genuine cold 'fhe Chikkahagari rises in the Mysore State and weather, the days being delightful and the temperature flowing through the taluks of Harpanahalli, Kudligi and at night getting very cold. The western taluks of Hadagalli joins the 'l'ungabhadra near Kittanuru. Hadagalli, Harpanahalli and Hospet from their higher Tho Hagari, like the Tungabhadra, is formed by altitude are the coolest. Thus for 9 months in the the junction of two streams known as the Veda and year the climate is pleasant. The district has low the Avati which rise and unite in Mysore State. The rainfall. A considerable portion of it is had during the river flows in a northerly direction in the taluks South-West Monsoon. .af Rayadrug, Bellary and Siruguppa, touching a part The particulars of the average annual rainfall and of the western boundarv of the Alur taluk. The the average number of rainy days in a year in the taluks tributaries of the Fagari are (1) the Chinnahagari of the district are given below ;- which also rises in the Mysore State and joins the Average Hagari in Rayadrug taluk and (2) the Pedda Vanka Average number of which rises in the Copper Mountains and flows across Taluk. annual rainy days Bellary and Siruguppa taluks. rainfall in a year. (inches). There are several minor streams flowing intu the Adonj 23·59 40·7 Tungabhadra. The chief of them are (I) the Hagara­ Siruguppo 24·20 38·6 nurunulla rising near Harpanahalli, (2) the Hampa­ Bospet 23·53 38·7 Alur 22·95 38·5 l!!agaramnulla flowing north across Hadagalli taluk and Bellary 19·82 31'8 joining the Tungabhadra at Hampasagaram, (3) the Badagalli 22-61 43·5 IIarpanahalli 23'95 46'S Bellahunishinulla flowing north across the eastern part Kud1igi 21·23 34'8 of Hadagalli taluk, (4) the Gowripuram nulla flowing Rayadrug 19·79 32·1 3- Tho particulars of. the monthly mean of daily mean of monthly rainfall for the years 1'881-1940 and maximum and daily minimum temperature, the highest similar particulars and actual rainfall for 1951 as recorded and the lowest recorded temperature and the recorded at Bellary are furnished below;- 1881-1940 1951 -.A.

Tempera tur6. Mean of Tem~ra.ture. Aetual total -., rain. Months. Meanor Highest Lowest rain. Meanor Highest Lowest fall recor. racor- fall ,-___.___-., recor· recor· (inches). Daily Daily ded. ded. (inches). Daily Daily ded. ded. maxi· mini· maxi- mini- mum. mum. mum· mum.

:January 87·8 62·3 98 51 0·10 86·3 64-1 89 59 0-00 February 93'8 66'1 103 54 0·113 92·4 65·7 98 63 0'00 March .. 99·5 72'3 109 58 ()·21 97·3 72·3 101 65 1'34 April 102·7 77·4 III 61 0·84 98·4 77·9 103 74 O-H May 102·1 77'7 III 65 1'89 100·3 78·3 105 72 3·60 June 94·6 76·0 108 68 1·70 90·7 76·2 95 73 1·09 :July 90·6 75·0 101 67 1·61 87'9 74·5 96 71 5'37 August 90·5 73'9 100 67 2·38 89·5 74·8 93 71 1'11 September 90'5 73·0 100 67 4·87 90·1 74·1 95 69 8·01) October .. 89·8 71·3 102 59 4·16 90·5 73·4 93 69 2·34 No,-ember 87·0 66·2 96 53 1·97 88'9 69-5 93 64 0·49 December 85·7 61'9 96 51 0·13 85·2 62.5 94 59 0·00 For the year 92'9 71'1 111 51 20'04 91'5 71'9 105 59 23'87 (e) Soils.-There are three classes of soils, namely, good catchment area and the rainfall is deficient. black, red and mixed. The percentage of soils under Some of the tanks aI'e also silted up. There are spring each class in each taluk is givon below ;- channel~ in Rayadrug taluk dug from the Hagari Namc oftaluk. Bla,.,k. Mixed. Red. river. Adoni 66 34 Alur 75 14 11 Adoni taluk.-The streams in the taluk are not Siruguppa 62 26 12 useful for irrigation. An extent of about 1,000 acres in Bflllary 80 20 the taluk is irrigated by minor irrigation sources Rayadrug .' 27 54 19 Hospet 8 90 2 and 888 acres from the channels of the Tungabhadra. Kudligi 7 24 69 The rest of the taluk is solely dependant on rainfall. Hadagalli ., 20 47 33 Harpanahalli 12 87 1 Failure of rains is common and the taluk has suffered from several famines, the recent ones being those of The black soil is considered to be good and the 1921-22, 1924, 1937-38 and 1942-43. mixed soil equally good and in some cases superior. After tho completion of the Tubgabhadra The rod soil varies from rich red loaJls to hard and Project an area of about 77,475 acres is likely to be stony gravel. brought under irrigation. (f) Irrigation and drainage facilities and liability Siruguppa talulc.-There are a few irrigation to famine.-The river Tungabhadra is a perennial source channels taken from the Tungabhadra to serve about irrigating about 21,200 acres in the district, through 2,655 acres. In addition to the river channels there are channels mainly. in Hospet, Siruguppa and Adoni two irrigation tanks which are precarious sources taluks. The Tungabhadra river although flowing depending upon rain. The taluk Was partially affected between high banks, when it enters the district takes a by the famine 3 of 1942 and 1945. Scanty rainfall deep bed lowor down. Hence it has not been widely brings the taluk under famine conditions. On comple­ A used for irrigation so far. project for impounding tion of the Tungabhadra Project an extent of 93,007 the waters of this river by means of a dam is acres is likely to be brought under irrigation. under execution. The dam which is three miles west of Hospet has been completed. Readworks are going Hospet taluk.-An extent of 1l,075 acres is on. The projeot is expected to command nearly irrigated with the aid ofTungabhadrawaters obtained two million acres. There are some minor tanks and by a dam acrOss the river about three ,miles to the channels chiefly in Rayadrug, Kudligi and Hospet west of Hospet. The Kamalapuram tank receives taluks. The area irrigated. by wells is small and many water supply from the Tungabhadra channels. An of the wells fail during severe drought. All the tanks additional area of 8,006 acres will be brought under except Kamalapuram tank in Hospet taluk, which is cultivation after the completion of the Tungabhadra fed. by the Raza channel from the Tungabhadra Project. The taluk is not generally affected by famine anicut and the KanekaJ. and Veparalla tanks in the though it suffered to a, small extent in the fa,mine of Hagari basin are rainfed. The' tanks do not hava a 1942. Bellary-IA. • (b) Med'icat relief arrangementB.-All the taluk The Government Headquarters hospital at Bellary headqua.rters Stations are provided with hospitals. provides treatment for leprosy. There is a Major­ A list of hospitals and dispensaries in the district X-ray set at the Government Headquarters hospital with the bed strength is furnished below:~ at Bella.ry and a minor set at the Government T.B.. Number Sanatorium at Beliary. There is a private T.B. Name of hospitals. of beds. Sanatorium called the 'Goodwill' T.R. Sanatorium 1 GovernmentHeadqua~tersHoi!pital,Bellary ., 152 at Bellary. 2 Government Wellesley T.B . Sanatorium, Bellary 200 3 GovorllDlent Hospital, Adoni ...... 20 ec) Water-Bupply and drainage arrangements.­ 4, Government Hospital, Hospet 27 5 Goverrunent Hospital, Rayadrug 26 The Municipal towns of Bellary, Hospet and Adoni 6 Goverrunent Hospital, Sandur 8 alone are provided with open drainage arrangements. 7 Government Dispensary, Siruguppa 8 Government DiiSpensary, Harpanahalli .. The particulars of the number of wells constructed 9 Government Women and Children Hospital, BeIlary .. 23 10 Government Women and Children Hospital, Adoni 12 by Government under the Rural Water-Supply Scheme 11 S.A.P. Hospital, Bellary ...... 20 in each taluk and the number of villages where wells 12 St. Mary's Hospital, Bellary 40 are yet to be provided are furnished below:- 13 Municipal Dispensary, Bellaty 14 Local Fund Hospital, Alur 8 Number of 15 Local Fund Hospital, Yemmiganur 10 Number of villages where 16 Local Fund Dispensary, Hadagalli Na~e of taluk. wells wells are 17 Local Fund Dispensary, Kudligi constructed. yet to be 18 Local Fund Dispensary, prOVided. 19 Local Fund Dispensary, Kosigi Adoni 84 67 20 Local Fund Dispensary, Kanekal Siruguppa II 20 21 Local Fund Dispensary, Kampli Hospet 66 6 22 Tungabhadra Project Hospita.l, Hospet 20 Sandur 61 19 23 Tungabhadra Project Hospital, B.D. Halli 12 Alur 25 24 24 Tungabhadra Project Hospital, Venkatapuram Bellary 81 22 .25 Rural Dispensary, Hirehal Hadagalli 43 29 26 RUral Dispensary, Kottur Harpanahalli 48 28 27 RUral Dispensary, Kamalapur Kndligi 60 22 28 Rural Dispensary, Rayadrug 46 4 29 RUral Dispensary, Ittigi .. 30 Rural Dispensary, N.D. Keri Total 525 241 31 L.M. Hospital, Kowthalam

(d) Fairs and FMtivals.-A list of fairs and festivals in the various taluks of the district is furnished below:- Month in which the fair or Name of the town or village. Name of the fair or festival. festival takes place and its duration. Adoni TI1Juk. 1 Tungabhadra Sri Raghavendraswami Car Festival August 6 days. 2 Halvi Sri Siddheswaraswami Jathra January 3 days. 3 Kosigi Sri Yellamma J athra February 4 days. 4 Badanahalu Sri Mallikarjunaswami Jathra April 2 days. 5 Urukunda Sri Narasimhaswami Car Festival .. August 2 days. 6 Adoni Town Sri Veerabhadraswami Car Festival April 1 day. 7 Adoni Town . , Sri Mangaraya Car Festival December 1 day. S· Gurzala Sri Ramalingaswami Car Festival February 4 days. 9 Pedakadubur Sri Siddeswaraswami Car Festival February 4 days. 10 Divamdinne Sri Venkateswaraswani Car Festival April 5 days. 11 Kalludevakunta Sri Veerabhadraswami Car Festival .January 3 days . 12 Monthralaya Sri Raghavendraswami Car Festival August 7 day~. Bellary Taluk. 1 Moka Sri Malleswaraswami Car Festival February 3 days. 2 Badanahalli Udusalamma .Jathra .. February 2 days. 3 Kurugodu Sri Dodda Basaveswaraswami Car Festival March 3 days. 4 Sri Anjaneyaswami Car Festival May 2 days. 5 Y. Budihal Sri Katte Basappa J athra August 2 days. 6 Chellagul'iki Sri Yeriswami Festival August 3 days. 7 Bellary Town Sri Mallikarjunaswami Car Festival February 3 days. S Do. Sri Durugamma Sidi March I day. 9 Do. Sri Kalamma Car Festival April I day. H ospet Taluk. 1 Rampi Siva.rathri Festival March 2 days. 2 Do. Sri Virupaksheswa.raswami Car Festival ., April 10 days. 3 Narayanadevarkeri Sri Lakshminarayanaswami Car Festival .• April 3 days. 4. Sri Hosuramma J athra May 3 days. 5 Hospet Town Sri Vedakaraya Car Festival May 1 day. 6 Do. Sri Sannakappa's Car Festival March 1 day. 'I Do. Sri Kallumateswar& Car Festival December 1 day; Month in which the fa.ir ()J' Na.me of .the town or village. Name of the fair or festival. Fe8tiv~1 takes plaoe &lid jts duration. AZul' Taluk. 1 Gulyam Sri Gadilingappa JOathra February 5 days. 2 Yellarthi Shaik Saheb's Urus February 4 days. 3 Holagundu Sri Siddeswaraswami Car Festival February 3 days. 4 Pedda Hotur Sri Hutcheerappa J athra March 2 days. 5 Nemakal Sree Rama N avami Festival April 2 days. 6 Chinna Rotur Sri Siddeswarsawami Car Festival April 2 days. 7 Tangaradona Sri Chinthamaniswami Jathra August 2 days. 8 Chippagiri Bom Born Saheb's Urus September 2 days. 9 Neraniki Devaraguddam J athra. October 4 days. 10 Molagavalli Manikya Prabhu Aradhana December 2 days. Sandur Talulc. I Sandur Sri Karthikeyaswarni Festival Once in 2 years 3 days. in November. 2 Bommagatti Sri Hulikuntaswami Car Festival March. 5 days. Harpanahalli Taluk. 1 Kuruvathi Sri Mallikarjunaswami Car Festival and Cattle Fair February and March. 12 days. 2 Koolahalli Sri Gowri Basaveswaraswarni Festival March 4 days. 3 Haluvagal Sri Anjaneyaswami Cal' Festival ., March 3 days. 4 Utchangidurg Sri Utchavamba Jathra March 3 days. 5 Arsikeri Sri Durgamma Jathra December 3 days. Hadagalli Taluk. 1 ~Ogl Sri Veerabhadraswami Car Festival January 3 days. 2 Hire Hadagalli Sri Halaswami J athra October 3 days. 3 Madalaghatta Sri Rangaswami Car Festival December 3 days. 4 Chinnamihalli Sri Durugamma J athra and Car Festival February 15 days. .5 Mylar Sri Lingaswami Karnika Festival February 4 days. Kudligi Taluk. I Kottur Sri Basaveswaraswami Car Festival March 5 days. 2 Sri Marmla SiddeswarMwami Car Festival May 3 days. 3 Muraba Sri Veerabhadraswttmi Car Festival December 3 days. 4 Chikkakuriyaginahalli Sri Du gamma Jathra March 3 days. 5 Kanamadurg Sri Saranayar Car Festival Deuernber :I days. 6 Ramapuram Sri Mooganna Car ]!'estival .. August 2 days. Rayadrug Taluk. 1 Udegolam Sri Uddameswaraswami Car Festival and Cattle Fair February 5 days. :2 Rampuram Sri Yeriswami J athra March 3 days.