Unified English Braille Training Manual
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Unified English Braille: Australian Training Manual Revised September 2016 edited by Josie Howse, Kathy Riessen and Leona Holloway Round Table on Information Australian Braille Access for People with Authority Print Disabilities Inc. Unified English Braille: Australian Training Manual Edited by: Josie Howse: NSW Department of Education and Communities Kathy Riessen: South Australian School for Vision Impaired Leona Holloway: Vision Australia Copyright © 2013 Round Table on Information Access for People with Print Disabilities Inc. Revised April 2014 Revised September 2016 Based on Unified English Braille Primer, Australian Braille Authority, 2006 (Updated 2008). This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California 94105, USA. Published by Round Table on Information Access for People with Print Disabilities Inc. PO Box 229 Lindisfarne, Tasmania 7015 Australia Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.printdisability.org National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Unified English Braille: Australian Training Manual / Round Table on Information Access for People with Print Disabilities Inc. ISBN: 978-0-9807064-5-1 (paperback) Subjects: Braille – Australia. Handbooks, manuals, etc. Blind – Printing and writing systems. Dewey Number: 411 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ........................................................................... 7 Foreword ........................................................................................... 8 Introductory Remarks ..................................................................... 10 Braille .............................................................................................. 10 Unified English Braille (UEB) .............................................................. 10 References ....................................................................................... 11 Definitions ........................................................................................ 11 About this Manual ............................................................................. 11 Completing the Practice Exercises ...................................................... 12 Layout of Practice Exercises .............................................................. 13 General Advice ................................................................................. 14 Letters of the Alphabet Numerals, Alphabetic Wordsigns Lesson 1. Letters a–j, Numerals, Capital Indicator, Full Stop ......... 15 Lesson 2. Letters k–t, Comma ......................................................... 18 Lesson 3. Letters u–z ...................................................................... 20 Lesson 4. Alphabetic Wordsigns ...................................................... 23 Strong Contractions, and, for, of, the, with Lesson 5. Strong Wordsigns, and, for, of, the, with, Semicolon ....................................................................... 26 Lesson 6. Strong Groupsigns, and, for, of, the, with, Exclamation Mark, Question Mark .................................. 29 Strong Groupsigns and Wordsigns Lesson 7. ch, gh, sh, th, wh, Wordsigns, Apostrophe ...................... 32 Lesson 8. ed, er, ou, ow, Wordsign, Colon, Quotation Marks .......... 37 Lesson 9. st, ar, ing, Wordsign, Hyphen, Compound Words ............ 42 Lower Contractions Lower Groupsigns Lesson 10. be, con, dis, Dash, Shortforms ....................................... 47 Lesson 11. ea, bb, cc, ff, gg, Round Bracket or Parentheses ........... 52 Lesson 12. en, in, Lower Sign Rule .................................................. 56 Lower Wordsigns Lesson 13. Lower Wordsigns, Shortforms ....................................... 60 Lower Wordsigns: be, his, was, were ................................................. 60 Wordsigns: enough, in, Shortforms .................................................... 62 Lesson 14. Summary of Lower Signs, Shortforms ........................... 68 Two-cell Contractions Initial-letter Contractions with Dot 5 Lesson 15. Dot 5 and D–M, Shortforms ........................................... 74 Lesson 16. Dot 5 and N–U, Shortforms ........................................... 81 Lesson 17. Initial-letter Contractions with Dot 5, Shortforms ........ 89 Initial-letter Contractions with Dots 4 5 Lesson 18. upon, word, these, those, whose ................................... 95 Initial-letter Contractions with Dots 4 5 6 Lesson 19. cannot, had, many, spirit, world, their .......................... 97 Final-letter Groupsigns Lesson 20. ance, ence, sion, tion, less, ness .................................. 102 Lesson 21. ound, ong, ount, ment ................................................. 106 Lesson 22. ful, ity .......................................................................... 108 -- New Arrangement of Exercises ..................................................... 110 Lesson 23. More Punctuation ........................................................ 112 Dash and Long Dash ....................................................................... 112 Quotation Marks ............................................................................. 114 Ellipsis ............................................................................................ 115 Square Brackets.............................................................................. 116 Braces or Curly Brackets.................................................................. 116 Transcriber's Note Indicators ........................................................... 116 Summary of the Rules of Punctuation .............................................. 117 Lesson 24. Numbers and Print Symbols ........................................ 121 Fractions ........................................................................................ 125 Dates and Time .............................................................................. 127 Mathematical Signs ......................................................................... 128 Print Symbols ................................................................................. 130 Electronic Addresses ....................................................................... 133 Braille Mode Indicators Order of Braille Indicators and Other Signs .................................. 136 Lesson 25. Capitalisation and Grade 1 Mode ................................. 137 Capitals Mode Indicators ................................................................. 137 Grade 1 Mode Indicators ................................................................. 138 Lesson 26. Typeform Indicators .................................................... 146 Lesson 27. Use of Capitals Indicators ........................................... 152 Lesson 28. Proper Names and Abbreviations ................................ 157 Proper Names and Places ................................................................ 157 Print Abbreviations .......................................................................... 159 Lesson 29. Unit Abbreviations ....................................................... 163 Lesson 30. Accented Letters and Foreign Words ........................... 169 Lesson 31. Formatting .................................................................. 174 Additional Symbols ....................................................................... 193 Braille Reference General Rules for the Use of Contractions .................................... 195 Word Division ................................................................................ 200 Contractions in Word Division ....................................................... 201 Wordsigns and Shortforms ........................................................... 205 Lower Sign Rule ............................................................................ 206 Braille Tables ................................................................................ 207 Alphabetic Contractions ................................................................... 207 Strong Contractions ........................................................................ 208 Strong Groupsigns/Wordsigns .......................................................... 208 Lower Contractions ......................................................................... 209 Prefixes .......................................................................................... 209 Shortforms ..................................................................................... 210 Shortform Extension List .............................................................. 211 Glossary of Braille Signs ................................................................ 223 Index ............................................................................................ 230 Acknowledgements I wish to express my sincere thanks and appreciation for the collegial input from Kathy Riessen from the South Australian School for Vision Impaired and Leona Holloway from Vision Australia in the finalisation of the Unified English Braille: Australian Training Manual 2013. I would further like to extend my thanks and appreciation to Colleen Flood from Vision Australia for her analytical and prescriptive proofreading comments, which