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ON PHYSICAL VIDEO BFI Research and Statistics PUBLISHED DECEMBER 2015 Image: : Catching Fire courtesy of FILM ON PHYSICAL VIDEO

DESPITE FALLING REVENUES, PARTICULARLY IN THE RENTAL MARKET, PHYSICAL VIDEO REMAINS A CRUCIAL ELEMENT OF THE FILM VALUE CHAIN. IN 2014, FEATURE FILM VIDEO SALES AND RENTALS IN THE UK GENERATED JUST UNDER £1 BILLION.

FACTS IN FOCUS ■ Sales for all categories of video on physical media in 2014 were almost £1.3 billion; feature film on video accounted for just over £860 million.

■ There were 143 million sales of all categories of video on physical media (162 million in 2013), 110 million of these being feature film.

■ Film accounted for 77% of the volume of the video sales market and 68% of the value. UK films accounted for around 25% of all films sold on video.

■ The most popular purchase on both DVD and Blu-ray in 2014 was Frozen.

■ The value of the video rental market for film was £107 million in 2014, with online rental with postal delivery accounting for 74% of all feature film rental transactions. FILM ON PHYSICAL VIDEO

143 2014 1,264 162 1,438 2013

179 2012 1,543 207 2011 1,749 223 BFI Statistical Yearbook 2015 - 3 BFI Statistical Yearbook 1,839 2010 243 1,975 2009 257 2,237 2008 249 2,246 2007 228 2,219 2006 222 2,309 2005 234 2,478 2004 208 2,245 2003 169 1,896 2002 135 2001 1,417 114 1,101 2000 96 878 1999 0 Value (£ million) Value 500 Volume (million) Volume  The number of films of number The video on than sold more trebled between 1999 and 2008, million from 61 units to 196 million, falling before in 2009 to 180 million. decrease The in sales has since 2009, continued with million million119 (Figure units in in 2014 sold and 110 2013 sold 1.2). Figure 1.1 Retail video sales (all categories), 1999-2014 1.1 Retail video sales Figure Million and 77% by volume (110 million units) (110 and 77% by volume UK films in 2014. sales, around 25% of by for volume, accounted filmof video. on Feature filmFeature 68% approximately represented the of retail video market by value (£861 million) DVDs the for majority accounted all of categories video of sales (82% by value and 88% by volume). disc 18% sales for total accounted of Blu-ray video sales by value and 12% salesin of by 2014. volume figuresThese are unchanged from 2013. In 2014, 143 million 143 videosIn 2014, in all categories down were sold, 12% As 2013. on Figure the shows, total 1.1 market value was £1,264 million, down 12% from £1,438 million sales videos of in The 2013. peaked in 2004, and since then the trends both for been have sales decreasing. value and volume ‘Video’ is used‘Video’ in this as thechapter generic description and all of physical video, Blu-ray including DVD, other physical formats, in line with definition; the British include does (BVA) not it Video Association’s downloads. Information films on purchasedor rented by download streaming or will be available in the Film digital on video report. FILM IN THE RETAIL VIDEO MARKET THE RETAIL FILM IN Source: BVA, IHS BVA, Source: video, not only film. Note: Data in this table include all categories of retail 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 Figure 1.2 Film on video retail sales, 1999-2014 Million 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Volume (million) 61 76 96 128 158 180 164 165 188 196 180 160 152 127 119 110

Value (£ million) 451 601 821 1,175 1,392 1,557 1,399 1,302 1,440 1,454 1,311 1,267 1,165 968 940 861

Source: BFI RSU analysis of Official Charts Company and BVA data Note: Includes some feature films which would be classified as ‘children’s’ videos in the BVA Yearbook.

As Figure 1.3 shows, the average unit price for film on video increased with the introduction of the DVD format in the late 1990s to reach a peak in 2002, but there was a general downward trend from 2002 to 2009. The average price increased to £7.90 in 2010 compared with 2009’s £7.29, and has stayed at similar levels since. In 2014 the average price per film on physical video was £7.80.

Figure 1.3 Average retail price of film per unit, 1999-2014 Price (£) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Price (£) 7.46 7.87 8.56 9.15 8.80 8.64 8.52 7.89 7.68 7.42 7.29 7.90 7.64 7.62 7.93 7.80

Source: BFI RSU analysis of Official Charts Company and BVA data

Table 1.1 shows the top 10 best selling films on physical video in 2014. Five of the top 10 titles were released theatrically in 2014, and the other five were released in 2013.

At the top of the list is Frozen, the fourth highest grossing film at the UK box office in 2013, followed by The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug, the second highest grossing film in the UK in 2013. The other titles released theatrically in 2013 are The Hunger Games: Catching Fire, Gravity and Thor: The Dark World. None of the 2013 theatrical releases appeared in the top 10 best selling films on video in 2013.

4 - BFI Statistical Yearbook 2015 FILM ON PHYSICAL VIDEO Universal Universal Lionsgate Walt Disney Walt Walt Disney Walt Walt Disney Walt Distributor Warner Bros Warner Warner Bros Warner Warner Bros Warner BFI Statistical Yearbook 2015 - 5 BFI Statistical Yearbook

UK UK USA USA USA USA/NZ UK/USA UK/USA UK/USA Country of origin of Aus/USA/Den % 6.9 6.7 1.8 1.4 1.3 0.6 0.3 0.1 9.1 25.5 18.9 17.3 10.0 War Western Documentary Anime Adult Thriller Family Horror Musical Action/adventure Comedy Drama Sci-fi Thor: The Dark World 2 The Wolf of Wall Street of Wall The Wolf Guardians of the Galaxy Guardians Gravity The Hunger Games: Catching Fire The Hunger Games: Boys D’Movie Mrs. Brown’s The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug The Hobbit: The Desolation Frozen Title

9 8 6 7 4 5 3 2 1 10 Source: Official Charts Company Official Source: Genre Source: Official Charts Company, BVA Charts Company, Official Source: the assigned by the BVA; are Note: These genres not the same as those in the Genre categories are and Classification report.

Figure 1.4 Sales of film on physical video formats by genre, 2014 physical video formats by genre, 1.4 Sales of film on Figure As Figure action/adventure shows, 1.4 was the highest selling of video on sold in 2014, the 26% of accounting market (25% for in 2013). was Comedy the next popular most with 19% all of sales, byfollowed drama with – the 17% same pattern as be that in these (It should noted 2013. categories, as differdefined by from the the BVA, genre categories assigned to the theatrical market by the BFI Research and Statistics in the Unit Genre and Classification report.) Table 1.1 Top 10 best selling films on physical video formats, 2014 physical video formats, selling films on 10 best 1.1 Top Table The highestThe earning title theatrical from the 2014 releases Movie, which Lego was is The the third year’s highest earning film the UK at box office. The list of the top 10 UK performers on sell-through video in 2014 includes five titles which are also in the overall top 10 for the year: Mrs. Brown’s Boys D’Movie, Guardians of the Galaxy, Gravity, and Thor: The Dark World (Table 1.2). As with the overall top 10 chart, five of the titles were released theatrically in 2014 and five were released in 2013.

Four of the top 10 UK qualifying films on video are independent titles, including the second highest earning independent theatrical release of 2014, The Inbetweeners 2.

Table 1.2 Top 10 best selling UK qualifying films on physical video formats, 2014

Title Country Distributor of origin

1 Mrs. Brown’s Boys D’Movie UK/Ire/USA Universal 2 Guardians of the Galaxy UK/USA Walt Disney 3 Gravity UK/USA Warner Bros 4 The Inbetweeners 2 UK Channel 4 5 Thor: The Dark World UK/USA Walt Disney 6 Maleficent UK/USA Walt Disney 7 Captain Phillips UK/USA Pictures 8 Rush UK/Ger/USA StudioCanal 9 Philomena UK Pathé 10 Non-Stop UK/Fra/USA StudioCanal

Source: BFI RSU analysis of Official Charts Company data

Unlike the previous top 10 charts, the majority of titles in the list of the top 10 UK independent films sold on video in 2014 were released theatrically in previous years. Six of the titles were released in 2013 and one was released in 2012. The 2012 release, The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel, features in the chart for the third consecutive year, while two 2013 releases, : Alpha Papa and Red 2, appear in the chart for the second consecutive year.

The three titles released theatrically in 2014 include The Inbetweeners 2, which was both the second highest earning UK and UK independent film of the year. The two other films first released in cinemas in 2014 were Non-Stop and The Railway Man (Table 1.3).

6 - BFI Statistical Yearbook 2015 FILM ON PHYSICAL VIDEO Pathé Universal Universal Universal Universal Signature Lionsgate Lionsgate Channel 4 High Fliers eOne Films eOne Films Metrodome StudioCanal StudioCanal StudioCanal StudioCanal Distributor Distributor Kaleidoscope Entertainment 20th Century Fox BFI Statistical Yearbook 2015 - 7 BFI Statistical Yearbook

# # # # # UK UK UK UK UK USA USA UK/Ire UK/Arg USA/Phi UK/USA UK/USA UK/USA UK/Aus Country of origin of UK/USA Country of origin of UK/Ire/USA UK/USA/Ind UK/Fra/USA UK/Ger/USA UK/Ger/USA/Bel 1: Life on the Limit The Summit I Am Ali Road Senna TT3D: Closer to the Edge Generation Iron The Escape of Adolf Hitler Wolf: Grey Manny The Inbetweeners 2 Rush The Class of ’92 Title Title Red 2 Non-Stop Philomena The Railway Man Sunshine on Leith Hotel The Best Exotic Marigold Alan Partridge: Alpha Papa Filth

6 7 1 2 4 5 8 9 1 2 3 8 4 3 5 6 7 9 10 10 Source: BFI RSU analysis of Official Charts Company data BFI RSU analysis of Official Source: Note: Titles not included. based on music concerts are

10 best selling documentary films on physical video formats, 2014 1.4 Top Table Two of the of tiles in the list,Two released theatrically and Summit , were not The Manny in the UK. Documentaries sport about sports or personalities the dominate list with nine titles. the of 10 top Three theof titles appeared have in the chart Both Senna and previously. (bothTT3D: Closer to the Edge released theatrically thefor appear fourth in 2011) consecutive Class of ’92 (released while The in 2013) year, appears the consecutive for Senna is second the all year. time highest grossing UK non-concert documentary the UK at box office, and was the highest selling documentary non-concert video on in both and 2012. in 2011 Table 1.4 shows the top 10 best shows the selling 10 top 1.4 featureTable documentaries video This on list in include 2014. does not documentaries which are concerts. based music on Source: BFI RSU analysis of Official Charts Company data BFI RSU analysis of Official Source: made with independent (non-studio) US support. Red 2 and Filth were # Rush, Non-Stop, The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel, Table 1.3 Top 10 best selling UK independent films on physical video formats, 2014 physical video formats, films on selling UK independent 10 best 1.3 Top Table The list of the top 10 best selling foreign language films on video in 2014 includes two titles that have appeared in the chart previously. The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo, the top selling foreign language film on video in 2012, appears for the fourth consecutive year and The Raid, the top selling foreign language film on video in 2013, appears for the third consecutive year. The sequel to the latter, The Raid 2, which was released theatrically in 2014, tops the current chart.

Both Raid titles are Indonesian language films but were written and directed by the British filmmaker . In addition to The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo, there is one other Scandinavian title in the list, The Hundred Year-Old Man Who Climbed Out the Window and Disappeared, and one Finnish title 1944: The Final Defence.

There are two Mandarin language titles in the list (Chinese Zodiac, Man of Tai Chi), one Russian language title (Stalingrad), one Japanese language title (Howl’s Moving Castle) and one French language title (La Vie en Rose). The 2004 Studio Ghibli production, Howl’s Moving Castle, is the first foreign language to appear in the list since our records began. Alongside Man of Tai Chi and 1944: The Final Defence, Howl’s Moving Castle has not been on general release theatrically in the UK, but it has been shown as part of a number of themed seasons.

Table 1.5 Top 10 best selling foreign language films on physical video formats, 2014

Title Country Distributor of origin

1 The Raid 2 /USA eOne Films 2 The Raid Indonesia/USA eOne Films 3 The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Swe/Den/Ger eOne Films 4 Chinese Zodiac Chi/Hong Kong Universal 5 Man of Tai Chi USA/Chi/Hong Kong Universal 6 The Hundred-Year-Old Man Who Climbed Out Swe/Cro StudioCanal the Window and Disappeared 7 Stalingrad Rus 8 1944: The Final Defence Fin Metrodome 9 Howl’s Moving Castle USA/Jap/Fra StudioCanal 10 La Vie en Rose UK/Fra/Czech Icon

Source: BFI RSU analysis of Official Charts Company data

Classic titles, in particular classic family films, also remain popular video purchases, due in part to theatrical re-releases or other events associated with the films. Walt Disney titles Cinderella, The Jungle Book, The Little Mermaid, Sleeping Beauty and Snow White and the Seven Dwarves all sold well on video in 2014, helped in part by a prolonged promotion with major retailers. Mrs. Doubtfire, which was released theatrically in the UK in 1994, also achieved significant sales during the year, linked perhaps to the death of Robin Williams. Some classic titles achieve substantial sales on video without the help of a theatrical re-release or associated event. In 2014, such titles included the Lord of the Rings and original Star Wars trilogy sets.

8 - BFI Statistical Yearbook 2015 FILM ON PHYSICAL VIDEO 36 107 2014 51 149 2013 87 221 2012 93 262 2011 BFI Statistical Yearbook 2015 - 9 BFI Statistical Yearbook 93 278 2010 98 285 2009 96 284 2008 98 295 2007 340 116 2006 399 138 2005 476 159 1 2004 462 160 2003 494 183 2002 494 198 2001 Value (£ million) Value 0  Transactions (million) Transactions Due to declining volumes, information on the top 10 online film video rentals, top 10 over-the-counter film video rentals and a breakdown of and a breakdown film video rentals top 10 over-the-counter Due to declining volumes, information on the top 10 online film video rentals, report. in this year’s no longer presented are by genre rentals  Source: IHS, BVA Source: 1 According to the BVA, in 2014 some 2.7 million 2.7 some DVD in in players were 2014 the sold According UK, to the down BVA, from 3.3 million in Sales DVD 2013. of been players have decreasing year each since 2008. players million Also, 1.1 Blu-ray a slight fall in fromwere 2014, sold 1.2 million in In total, 2013. than more players million 6.5 Blu-ray been in now the sold have UK. HARDWARE Million Figure 1.5 Film on video rental market, 2001-2014 market, Film on video rental 1.5 Figure The peak theThe value film of physical rental market for was £494 million in both 2001 and 2002; the current the value of fifth market is over one just that (Figure of 1.5). decrease The in value the market’s mainlyis due rentals in to the the decline competition from rapid of face over-the-counter multi- of channel television and subscription Demand Video (eg on services such as ). There were 36 millionThere rental transactions feature of film physical video a fall on 29% in of 2014, million. the valueof 51 market was million, with The compared £107 2013’s down from million £149 in rental a was value of average £2.98, The 2013. and online physical discs renting of (with postal delivery) rentaltransactions. of 74% for accounted FILM IN THE VIDEO RENTAL MARKET RENTAL THE VIDEO FILM IN 100 200 300 400 500 600 21 Stephen Street, W1T 1LN bfi.org.uk/statistics