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Home , Aedes albopictus, La Crosse encephalitis, List of Aedes species, Mosquito, Saint Louis encephalitis

FIGHT BACK BY KNOWING THE FOR MORE INFORMATION FACTS: -BORNE

 Peak mosquito hours are from dusk For additional information on Mosquito-borne , visit DISEASES to dawn. Centers for Control and Prevention  Wear a mosquito repellent shown to http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/ decrease bites such as DEET, permethrin, list_mosquitoborne.htm picaridin, IR3535, or oil of lemon Iowa Department of FightFight thethe BITEBITE . Center for Acute Disease  Products containing up to 30 percent Lucas State Office Building 321 E. 12 Street DEET have been shown to be the most Des Moines, IA 50312-0075 effective and are safe for adults, Phone: 1-800-362-2736 including pregnant women, and children over 2 months of age.  Permenthrin repellants should be applied to clothing only and should not be used on skin.  Wear light colored, long-sleeved shirts and MOSQUITOES long pants.  Eliminate standing water where mosquitoes breed, such as old tires in the backyard.  Change water in birdbaths and pet bowls

every three to four days to stop mosqui- aegypt i toes from breeding. Not found in Iowa  Turn over items in your yard where rainwater can collect, such as kiddie pools.  Windows and doors should have tight- fitting screens. Aedes triseriatus  Not commonly found Found in Iowa Make sure roof gutters are clean and in i n I o wa good repair.  Repair leaky outdoor faucets, air conditioners, and hoses which may increase standing water around your home where

mosquitoes can breed. Mosquito Pipiens Iowa Department of Public Health Found in Iowa Found in Iowa Center for Acute Disease Epidemiology 1-800-362-2736 WEST NILE LA CROSSE

West Nile virus is carried by mosquitoes (especially virus (LACV) is passed to Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) is passed to Culex ), and can cause serious illness in humans by the bite of an infected Aedes triseriatus mosquito. humans by the bite of an infected Culex species

and . These mosquitoes are most active during the daytime, mosquito.

especially in or near infested woods. Signs and Symptoms: Signs and Symptoms: Most people who are infected with Signs and Symptoms: Most people infected with SLEV have no apparent either have no symptoms or experience mild illness Many people who are infected with LACV have no illness. Symptoms of those who become ill include such as , , and body aches. symptoms. Among people who become ill, symptoms fever, headache, , , and tiredness. include fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, and tiredness. In less than 1 percent of , particularly in those Severe neuroinvasive disease (often involving people over age 50, West Nile virus can cause Some also develop severe disease that affects the nervous encephalitis, an of the brain) occurs encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) or meningitis system, such as encephalitis (an inflammation of the more commonly in older adults. In rare cases, long (inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal brain), which can cause , , and . term disability or death can result. cord). Severe disease occurs most often in children under the Where found: Where found: age of 16. Most cases of SLEV disease have occurred in the The virus was first found in the U.S in 1999, and has Where found: Eastern and Central parts of the United States. SLEV since spread across the continental United States. The Most cases occurs in the upper Midwestern, mid-Atlantic, is rarely reported in Iowa. virus was first identified in Iowa in September 2001, and Southeastern states. Cases are infrequently reported and cases are now reported in Iowa annually. in Iowa.

DENGUE FEVER

Dengue is a disease caused by any one of four related Chikungunya is a that is spread to people by Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease , which are passed by the bite of an infected the bite of an infected and Aedes caused by a parasite that commonly infects Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus mosquito. Anopheles mosquitoes. albopictus mosquito. Mosquitoes become infected when Signs and Symptoms: they feed on a person already infected with the virus. Malaria is spread to humans by the bite of the with one of the four viruses does not protect Signs and Symptoms: infected female mosquito. Only Anopheles against the others and consecutive infections put mosquitoes can transmit malaria and they must have Symptoms usually begin three to seven days after being people at greater risk of developing dengue been infected through a previous meal taken bitten by an infected mosquito. hemorrhagic fever (DHF). from an infected person. The most common symptoms are fever and severe joint Symptoms of are high fever, severe Signs and Symptoms: pain, often in the hands and feet. Other symptoms can Malaria can cause fever and flu-like illness, including headache, severe pain behind the eyes, joint pain, include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, or rash. shaking chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness. muscle and bone pain, rash, and mild bleeding Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur. (e.g., nose or gums bleed, easy bruising). Where found: If it is not treated properly, severe complications Chikungunya outbreaks have occurred in Africa, Southern and death can occur. DHF is a more severe form of dengue infection, and Europe, Southeast Asia, and islands in the Indian and can be fatal if not properly treated in a timely manner. Pacific Oceans. In 2013, Chikungunya was found for the Where found: first time on islands in the Caribbean. Chikunguynya is Malaria was eliminated from the U.S. in the early Where found: not found in Iowa, but Iowans can acquire elsewhere 1950's. Cases occurring the U.S. are in travelers and Dengue is not found in Iowa. Nearly all dengue cases and develop illness after returning home. immigrants returning from parts of the world where reported in the United States were acquired elsewhere malaria occurs. by travelers or immigrants.