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Home , Potsdam Declaration

48 HISTORY AND CHRONOLOGY

Dominion general election; Liberal to the British Treasury, arrived Government of Rt. Hon. W. L. at Ottawa to hold preliminary dis­ Mackenzie King returned to power. cussions with the Canadian Govern­ July 4, Canadian troops ment before visiting New entered Berlin as part of the British York. Sept. 12, Admiral Louis garrison force to take over their Mountbatten, Commander of the assigned occupation zones of the Allied Forces in Southeast Asia, German capital. July 17-Aug. 2, received the surrender of the Prime Minister Churchill, President Supreme Commander of the Japan­ and Premier Stalin met in ese forces at Singapore. Sept. 12- a Conference at , Germany. Dec. 19, The union security strike On July 28, after the British general at the plant of Ford Motor Company election, replaced of Canada at Windsor, Ont., the Mr. Churchill at the Conference. longest and most serious in the July 18, Halifax rocked by a series history of the Canadian automobile of terrific explosions at the Bedford industry. Mr. Justice J. C. Rand Naval Basin, Burnside, N.S., caused of the Supreme Court of Canada by fire in an ammunition dump. appointed to arbitrate between the , The Potsdam Declaration Company and the Union (see which demanded unconditional sur­ "Principal Events of the Year" render of Japan or utter destruction Chapter XXXIII). Sept. 17- of the enemy was issued by the Nov. 17, The Belsen War Crimes Allied Powers-Great Britain, United Trials, Luneberg, Germany; Joseph States and China. Aug. 6, First Kramer, director of the Belsen atomic bomb hurled against Japan, Camp, and his co-defendants were wrought devastation on army sentenced. Oct. 7-Nov. 4, Prime base of . Canada's part Minister King visited the United in development of atomic bomb, re­ Kingdom to discuss Empire affairs vealed. Aug. 6-10, Dominion- with Prime Minister Attlee. Oct. Provincial Conference held at Ot­ 16-Nov. 1, The tawa; Dominion Government pre­ Food and Agriculture Organization sented its brief as a basis for later Conference held at Quebec city at discussion. Aug. 8, Russia declared which 37 nations were represented. war against Japan. Aug. 9, President Nov. 9, Prime Minister Attlee and Truman in a radio broadcast to Prime Minister King arrived in the world warned Japan that only New York from the United King­ surrender would stop further use of dom. Nov. 15, President Truman, the terrifying atomic bomb and Prime Minister Attlee and Prime save the Japanese from destruction. Minister King issued to the world Second atomic bomb dropped on a joint statement recommending the naval base of . Aug. world exchange of all knowledge on 10, Government of Japan notified atomic energy with necessary safe­ Allied Powers of willingness to guards. Nov. 20, International war surrender provided the Emperor crimes trial of 20 Nazi war lords be allowed to retain certain of his held at Nuremberg, Germany, (see prerogatives. Aug. 11, Allied "Principal Events of the Year" Powers accept Japanese proposal Chapter XXXIII). Nov. 26, but insist that the Emperor take Report of the McDougall Royal orders from Gen. Douglas Mac- Commission recommending revis­ Arthur the Supreme Commander ion of tax laws applicable to co­ of the Allied Forces. Aug. 14, operatives presented to the House Japan announced acceptance of the of Commons. Nov. 26-29, Dominion terms of Potsdam Declaration. Provincial Conference (adjourned Aug. 21, President Truman ended Aug. 10, 1945) renewed discussions all further lend-lease operations on Dominion Government brief. and notified the Governments con­ Dec. 10-28, of cerned. Canadian Mutual Aid Maj.-Gen. Kurt Meyer, Commander continued until Sept. 2. Aug. 28, of the 12th S.S. Division, for re­ British Pacific fleet steamed into sponsibility in the murder of 48 Tokyo Bay, bearing its part in the Canadian prisoners of war, held at operations for Allied occupation of Aurich, Germany (see "Principal the Japanese Islands. Sept. 1, Events of the Year" Chapter The Japanese officially laid down XXXIII). Dec. 17-28, United their arms to Gen. Douglas Mac- Kingdom, and Russia Arthur and representatives of the announced agreements on the United State and Armed Forces signed the Nations' control of atomic power. terms of . Dec: 27, The Bretton-Woods Mone­ (Sept. 2, 9.18 a.m., Tokyo time.) tary Agreements signed by Canada Sept. 3-6, Lord Keynes, Adviser and 27 other United Nations.