UNIT 1: CULTURE & SOCIAL STRUCTURE CH 2 – CULTURAL DIVERSITY & CONFORMITY Assignment: Write & define/explain terms, & write & answer questions. Skip a line between or highlight each term, identify, & question. The completed assignment is worth 100 points. It will be used as the basis for discussion, to answer questions on quizzes & tests, & as a reference for various class projects worth additional points.

Chapter 2 Section 1: The Meaning of Culture (pp. 34-37) Define: culture – material culture – nonmaterial culture – society – values – norms – folkways – mores – laws Identify: Yanomamo – San 1. What forms the foundation of culture? 2. Give examples of both material & nonmaterial culture. 3. Explain the difference between the concepts of society & culture. 4. Give the five basic components of culture. a. What do sociologists mean when they refer to technology? b. How do symbols form the basis of human culture? c. What is the value of language? d. What do values determine? e. Give two types of norms that vary in significance. Give an example of each. 5. What type of mores are typically enforced by law?

Chapter 2 Section 2: Cultural Variation (pp. 38-42) Define: cultural universals – subculture – counterculture – ethnocentrism – cultural relativism – cultural diffusion – cultural lag – cultural leveling Identify: George Murdock – Edwin Sutherland – Marvin Harris – William Ogburn – James Henslin 1. How can cultures be so different when all humans have the same basic needs? 2. Give 16 examples of cultural universals according to George Murdock. 3. Give 9 examples of subcultures in American society. Do subcultures reject all the values & practices of the larger society? 4. Explain whether or not subcultures present a threat to society. What type of subculture consciously challenges social values? Give an example. 5. How do functionalists see ethnocentrism as positive? How do conflict theorists see ethnocentrism as negative? 6. How do sociologists keep an open mind toward cultural variation? 7. Give & explain the most common way that change takes place in culture. 8. Which changes faster: material or nonmaterial culture? 9. Give & explain two other ways through which cultural change takes place. 10. Give an example of cultural leveling.

Chapter 2 Section 3: The American Value System (pp. 44-47) Define: self-fulfillment – narcissism Identify: Robin M. Williams – Christopher Lasch 1. Give & briefly describe 8 of Williams’ American Values. 2. Give 3 additional values James Henslin suggests are part of American culture. 3. Explain how values are dynamic. 4. Explain how Daniel Bell & Daniel Yankelovich view the new value of self-fulfillment differently.