A2582 Home Fruit Cultivars for Southern Wisconsin A. Atucha, B.R. Smith, and J. van Zoeren

ardeners can successfully Choosing a cultivar is one of the most grow many kinds of fruit in important decisions in establishing Gsouthern Wisconsin. However, a fruit crop. Planting unproven and prospective home fruit growers should untested cultivars can be both dis- consider carefully the space, time, couraging and expensive. Relatively and costs involved before investing in rare cultivars must be ordered from plants. Those without sufficient time specialized nurseries. Cultivars listed in and commitment to properly care for this publication are generally available a planting will be disappointed in the from reputable local garden centers result. and nurseries, as well as mail-order nurseries. A list of some local and national nurseries is provided at the Contents diseases are not readily apparent when end of this publication. TREE FRUITS. 1 the plants are dug or propagated, but Apples...... 1 Planting the proper cultivar and caring the symptoms appear later. for it go hand in hand. A poor cultivar Pears...... 6 In this publication, cultivars are will always be poor regardless of the Asian pears ...... 8 arranged in order of ripening within care it receives, but a good cultivar will each category. For a glossary of terms, STONE FRUITS. 8 not do well if it receives poor care. For refer to page 21. Sweet cherries. 8 information on how to plant, prune, Tart cherries. 9 and maintain fruit plants, see specific TREE FRUITS Plums. 9 bulletins listed herein, visit the Wis- Apricots . 10 consin Fruit website at www.fruit.wisc. Apples A single apple tree will not bear fruit. Peaches. 11 edu, or contact your county Extension office listed at www.uwex.edu. Plant at least two compatible cultivars SMALL FRUITS . 11 to provide for cross-pollination and Strawberries. 11 Planting nectarines, Japanese plums, European grapes, boysenberries, or adequate fruit set. Oftentimes, nurser- Raspberries...... 13 winter-tender cultivars of other fruits ies offer new strains (sports) of some of Currants. 15 in Wisconsin is not recommended. the cultivars listed. These strains may Gooseberries...... 16 These crops lack the hardiness to sur- have superior fruit color, spur-type Elderberries. 16 vive Wisconsin’s frigid winters. Temper- growth, or other desirable character- Juneberries (Saskatoons atures below –15˚F will kill fruit buds. istics, but fruit flavor, size, and harvest or Serviceberries). 17 Over a period of years, woody stems date usually remain similar to the origi- Grapes...... 18 and trunks of trees will be winter nal strain. They should not be used as Blueberries...... 19 injured, leading to disease susceptibil- pollinizers for the original strain. The all-red or highly colored strains tend to GLOSSARY...... 21 ity and eventually to early death. exhibit slightly earlier maturity dates NURSERIES ...... 22 It is best to obtain plants from a repu- than the original strain. New strains ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. 24 table nursery to ensure that the plant generally are satisfactory for home materials are free from disease and plantings. See UW-Extension Publi- true to name. Many plant diseases cation Growing Apples in Wisconsin are spread by taking plant materials (A3565) for more information. from infected older plantings. Some HOME FRUIT CULTIVARS FOR SOUTHERN WISCONSIN For backyards, apple cultivars propa- • EVERCRISP EverCrisp is sweet and • JERSEYMAC This red, McIntosh-type gated on a dwarfing or semi-dwarfing crisp, similar to Honeycrisp, making apple has excellent flavor for fresh rootstock are suggested. The B.9, M.9, it highly desirable in terms of flavor use. Fruit only lasts in storage for two G.11, G.41, M.26, G.935, G.30, or M.7 and texture. The fruit has a long to three weeks at most. The trees rootstocks are satisfactory for residen- shelf-life of three months or more. are very large and susceptible to fire tial planting. An interstem rootstock Trees are moderately vigorous and blight and scab. Fruit ripens in late such as M.9, B.9, or G.11 in combination highly productive. Fruit ripens in August. with MM.111 can be used to obtain mid- to late October. stable root systems and semi-dwarf size. • JONAGOLD Producing large fruit, • FROSTBITE With an intense sweet, similar to Golden Delicious, the • AUTUMN CRISP A bright red, aromatic flavor, the small red apple skin is yellow with a red blush on medium-large, non-browning apple. is great for drying (chips) and cider. the exposed side. Used as a dessert The fruit is very crisp and juicy, and Storage life is about three months. apple, the creamy yellow flesh has the flavor is slightly sweeter than The trees are very winter-hardy, an outstanding sweet flavor, and tart. Trees are easy to grow. Fruit moderately vigorous, and spreading. the fruit stores well. Jonagold is ripens in late September. Fruit ripens in early October. a triploid apple and should not be use as a pollinizer. Any diploid • CANDY CRISP Golden skin with a • GOLDEN DELICIOUS First discovered apple flowering at the same time pinkish blush, the apples are large, in West Virginia, this flavorful (except Golden Delicious) will serve very sweet, and have a crisp texture. variety is related to Red Delicious as a pollinizer. Trees are moderately The fruit can be stored up to four in name only. Medium to large fruit winter-hardy. Fruit ripens in mid- months in refrigeration (32-45°F). with yellowish-green skin, turning October. The trees are moderately disease light-yellow at maturity. The flesh is resistant and bear fruit annually. tender, juicy, and yellow-white with • KINDERKRISP Produces small- to Fruit ripens in early October. outstanding flavor when mature. medium-sized very crisp apples, Fruit is excellent for fresh uses, perfect for a single serving or kids’ • CORTLAND A McIntosh offspring baking, and freezing. However, the lunches. Best eaten fresh; balanced with very good quality fruit. The fruit shrivels rapidly in low-humidity sweet flavors similar to Honeycrisp. tender flesh is slow to brown, and storage conditions. The trees are The trees are precocious and can the tangy-sweet flavor is good for medium-sized and marginally start bearing fruit within the first fresh use and baking. This annual winter-hardy. Fruit ripens in mid- to three years after planting. Fruit bearing tree has a weeping, willowy late October. ripens in late August. growth habit. It is winter-hardy, but is susceptible to apple scab. Red • HONEYCRISP Long-stemmed, • LODI An early, large, light green sports such as Redcort and Royalcort large fruit with a red blush over or yellow apple with tart, tender are similar, but the fruit ripens earlier a yellow background. The flesh is flesh. Best for pies or sauce–not for and the trees have shorter lifespans. exceptionally crisp and juicy with storage. The trees are large, upright, Fruit ripens in late September. a mild, sweet flavor. The fruit stays and very susceptible to fire blight. crisp even after storage; however, This cultivar tends to be alternate • EMPIRE A high-quality, McIntosh- this variety is notorious for fruit bearing, with a heavy crop one year, type, medium to small red apple quality disorders such as bitter pit. followed by a light crop the next with firm, crisp, and juicy flesh. The trees are moderately vigorous year. Fruit ripens around the second Good for fresh use, and fruit stores and upright in growing habit with a week of August. well for three to five months. Trees strong alternate-bearing trait. Trees are productive and medium-sized, are winter-hardy, even in USDA Plant with a spur-type growth habit; Hardiness Zone 3. Fruit ripens in late very susceptible to apple scab, but September. tolerant of fire blight. Fruit ripens in early October.

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• MCINTOSH First discovered in Ontario, Canada, this deep red to crimson, medium-large apple is aromatic, crisp, juicy, sweet, and tangy-tart with tender, white flesh. Very good for fresh use, sauces, and baking, McIntosh apples store well. The trees are winter-hardy and productive, although susceptible to apple scab, and the fruit tends to drop prematurely. Spur-type strains such as Macspur, Spur McIntosh, or Marshall McIntosh are similar and suitable. Fruit ripens in mid- September.

• ORIOLE Probably the earliest dessert apple; quite large and round with yellow-orange skin and red striping. Flesh is juicy, fine-grained, ANTIQUE APPLES • SNOWSWEET Consistent, medium- and tender with low acidity and a Many older cultivars produce excellent, sized apple with a bronze-red blush. sprightly flavor. Trees are rounded, unique-flavored fruit and may be avail- The firm, crisp, pure white flesh medium-sized, and productive. Fruit able from specialized nurseries and has a sweet-tart balance and is ripens in late July to early August. garden stores, including those listed slow to oxidize (turn brown). Trees at the end of this guide. These antique are moderately vigorous, produce • PAULARED Another early McIntosh- apples were originally found from a annually, and have some resistance type apple that is high-quality, and chance seedling or a limb-sport. Hun- to apple scab and fire blight. Fruit medium-sized with bright red skin dreds of varieties of antique apples are ripens in early to mid-October. and tart, juicy, crisp white flesh. Not available, so this is just a list of a few for storage. Trees are winter-hardy, which are well-suited to being grown • SPARTAN Highly colored, medium- but very susceptible to fire blight. in Wisconsin; many other antique sized apple that is firm and crisp Fruit ripens in late August to early apples will be available and your local with a solid, dark red blush. The September. extension agent or nursery can help flesh is sweet-tart, white, and juicy. you choose which will be best in your Quality is very good for fresh use • PIXIE CRUNCH Small, deep-red location or for your purposes. fruit with crunchy yellow flesh that and cooking. Trees are medium-sized and winter-hardy. Fruit ripens in late is rich and very sweet with tart • ARKANSAS BLACK Deep red color September to early October. overtones. Trees are moderately that turns almost black in storage. vigorous, resistant to apple scab, Aromatic and flavorful, Arkansas • ZESTAR! A crisp, large fruit with but susceptible to fire blight and Black has a crisp texture, sweet/tart striped, red skin, Zestar! is a juicy, cedar apple rust. Fruit ripens in late flavor, and creamy to pale yellow early season apple with white flesh September to early October. flesh. Introduced in Arkansas in and a pleasant acid-sugar balance. the 1800s, trees are winter-hardy Fruit can be stored up to seven • REGENT Medium-sized, bright-red to USDA hardiness zone 4. For best weeks. The trees are susceptible to over yellow fruit, the skin is tough, flavor, store fruit at least a month scab, moderately resistant to fire but the flesh is crisp and juicy with before eating; fruit can be stored blight, cold-hardy, and vigorous in a mild sweet flavor. The fruit is up to eight months in refrigeration. early years; the shape is upright to excellent for fresh use and cooking. Fruit ripens in October. Trees are moderately winter-hardy. spreading. Fruit ripens in late August. Fruit ripens in early October.

3 HOME FRUIT CULTIVARS FOR SOUTHERN WISCONSIN combined with the smooth texture • BLACK OXFORD Dark purple, almost • NEWTOWN PIPPIN Light green with makes for a one-of-a-kind apple. black skinned fruit with aromatic, slight reddish blush and variable Originating in England in the 1800s, sweet-tart flavor and white flesh. size, Newtown (or Albermarle) the trees are winter-hardy and apple Originating in Oxford County, Maine, Pippin originated in Newtown, Long scab resistant. Fruit ripens in late in the late 1700s, the trees tolerate Island in the 1700s. Apples are crisp September to early October. cold winters. The small to medium- with white to cream-colored flesh sized apples keep well three or more and a distinctive, aromatic, sweet- • GRAVENSTEIN Medium to large, months in storage. Fruit ripens in tart flavor. Excellent for eating fresh, irregularly shaped apple with broad November. cooking, or making cider. Fruit ripens red stripes, it is thought to have in late October. originated in Denmark in 1669. • COURT PENDU PLAT Light green with Gravenstein is one of the earliest red-orange overtones, this winter- • NORTHFIELD BEAUTY Medium cultivars to ripen, and has a short hardy cultivar originated in Europe to large size with red stripes shelf life of two to three weeks. in the 15th-16th century, possibly on a light green background. An aromatic apple with white to of Roman origin. Also known as Originating in Vermont in the early creamy-yellow flesh, the flavor is “Wise Apple,” the trees flower late, 1800s, Northfield Beauty is highly sweet-tart balanced, excellent for escaping spring frost damage. This productive and resistant to apple eating fresh, making sauces, or cider. small, flat, rounded dessert apple scab. Apples have a tart flavor, are It is susceptible to many diseases. has cream-colored flesh and a fruity extremely well-suited for pies and Fruit ripens in late July or early flavor. Its dense texture, balanced sauces, and can be stored for three August. sweetness, and acidity make it or more months—better than most excellent for cider and sauces. early season antique varieties. Fruit • HOLSTEIN Large, greenish-yellow Apples can be stored for three or ripens in late August. fruit with orange blush, some more months. Fruit ripens in early striping and slight russeting. A September. • NORTHWESTERN GREENING Medium relative newcomer, Holstein was to large size, the skin is tough and discovered in Germany in the early • DUCHESS OF OLDENBURG Medium- green turning to yellow when fully 1900s. Fruit is aromatic, balanced, sized, red, mottled-striped apple mature. The pale-yellow flesh is firm sweet, and sharp. Flesh is white that originated in Russia in the 18th and mildly tart with hints of citrus to cream or light yellow, and is century. This winter-hardy, highly and pear. Originating in Wisconsin in excellent for eating, drying, juices, productive cultivar is a great, early- the late 1800s, this apple is best for and cider. Shows some apple scab season option for northern growers. pies or sauces, and keeps well in cold resistance. Fruit ripens in early Apples are tart, juicy, and good for storage. Fruit ripens in October. September. eating fresh; they have a short shelf- life, and are best used for making pies or sauces. Fruit ripens in late August.

• EGREMONT RUSSET Small to medium-sized apple is golden with fine sandpaper-like skin. Like other russetted cultivars, Egremont Russet has lost popularity to the smooth, shiny apples usually showcased in the grocery stores. However, despite its rough appearance, the flesh is white to creamy with a smooth, pear-like texture. The balanced sweet-tart flavor has been described as nutty, smoky, or with anise undertones, which 4 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-EXTENSION

• PINK PEARL Not only a novelty with • WOLF RIVER This old-time favorite • GOLDRUSH A flavorful, medium- its bright pink flesh underneath a originated in central Wisconsin sized, dessert apple with a dense, smooth, red-orange blush skin, Pink in the late 1800s. Large apples crisp texture, and tart-sweet flavor Pearl also is a crisp, flavorful, tart, are primarily used for baking when picked. With Golden Delicious and juicy apple. The apples make (supposedly one apple makes one in its lineage, GoldRush has a lot rosy-pink applesauce. This cultivar pie!). Flesh is white to cream-pale of potential for fresh markets. The originated in California in the early yellow and aromatic. The apples are fruit stores well and does not turn 1900s, and might not be a great fit good for eating fresh or cooking, brown, but rather more golden as it for northern orchards. Fruit ripens in and last one to two months in ages. As another product of the P-R-I mid-September. storage. Trees are frost-hardy, and are program, it is resistant to apple scab. resistant to apple scab, cedar apple However, GoldRush ripens late in the • REINETTE GRIS Produces medium- rust, powdery mildew, and fire blight. season so may not be a good option sized, sweet, crisp, and dry fruit with Fruit ripens in late September. for northern Wisconsin orchards. a red blush. Originating in France in Fruit ripens in late September to DISEASE-RESISTANT APPLES the 1600s, the trees are very winter- early October. Homeowners who do not want to hardy and the fruit stores well. Fruit spray their trees might be interested ripens in late September. • LIBERTY This high-quality, red, in apple cultivars that are resistant to dessert apple is crisp and juicy apple scab, and in some cases, other • SUMMER RAMBO Medium-sized, with yellowish flesh. Fruit is good diseases. However, they still might greenish-yellow fruit with red blush; for fresh use and cooking. Thin require spraying to manage insect good for fresh use or for cooking. crops early in the season to attain pests. This crisp, tart, and juicy apple good fruit size. Bred specifically for originated in France in the 1500s. disease resistance, Liberty is scab • CRIMSON CRISP The most recent Fruit ripens in early September. free and resistant to fire blight and release of the Purdue-Rutgers- cedar-apple rust. Fruit ripens in late Illinois (P-R-I) breeding program • WEALTHY A good eating apple with September to early October. (2004). Fruit has a full red color, mellow, sweet flavor, and smooth, crisp texture, and sweet-tart flavor. red-striped skin. Originating in • MURRAY Dark red skin and medium- Trees are resistant to apple scab, Minnesota in 1868, it is very winter- large sized fruit with fine-textured, but susceptible to cedar-apple rust hardy, and is a good choice for soft, and juicy flesh. Good for eating and fire blight. An attractive apple, northern growers. Fruit ripens in fresh. It is a good early season Crimson Crisp stores up to four or mid-September. replacement for McIntosh. Fruit more months. Fruit ripens in late ripens in early September. September to early October. • WINESAP An old-time favorite, small- to medium-sized, deep red over • MACFREE McIntosh-type with tender • ENTERPRISE Also from the P-R-I yellow, it originated in the U.S. in the flesh and a fine, slightly sweet flavor, breeding program, it is a large, early 1800s. The fruit is crisp and tart the fruit should be stored one attractive fruit with an orange-red with a high sugar content and wine- month before eating. Macfree stores blush on green, ripening to deep red. like aroma. Trees are high producers well in refrigerated conditions (32- Resistant to apple scab, fire blight, and fruit stores well. Fruit ripens in 45°F) until March. Resistant to apple and cedar-apple rust. The flavor can late October. scab and fire blight. Fruit ripens with be overly acidic at harvest, and the McIntosh in mid-September. fruit might require storing for several weeks to bring out the full flavor. • NOVA EASYGRO Producing large fruit, Apples mature about 160-days post- blushed red with white flesh and a bloom, and store well. Fruit ripens in sweet, sprightly flavor, this is a good- late September to early October. quality fall apple. The fruit is good for cider blends and should keep well. Fruit ripens in late September.

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CRABAPPLES • NOVAMAC Early ripening McIntosh- Pears Crabapples are frequently planted Plant at least two cultivars to provide type. Fruit are primarily red striped. as ornamentals in home landscapes. for cross-pollination and adequate Tree is vigorous and resistant to Many cultivars offer attractive spring fruit set. Harvest the fruit while mature cedar-apple rust, fire blight, and flowers, pollen for culinary apples, green (fruit is slightly immature but apple scab. Fruit ripens in late and fruit for fresh use, canning, or will detach when “tilted” to a horizon- September. jelly making in the fall. Some cultivars tal position) and allow fruit to ripen retain fruit through the winter for birds • REDFREE An early season, attractive, in storage. Due to this unique charac- to eat. The cultivar you choose will medium-sized, red apple with a teristic, we have included the timing depend on your intended use of the smooth, waxy skin that is russet-free. when harvest can begin for each fruit or tree. The flesh is crisp and pleasantly variety. Most pear cultivars are suscep- sweet, and the fruit stores well in tible to fire blight. Dwarf pears using • CENTENNIAL Fruit are usually 2 refrigeration up to 40 days. Another quince as a rootstock are not winter- inches long with striped, red skin. P-R-I introduction, the trees are hardy in Wisconsin. Recommended The flesh is yellow, crisp, and juicy; medium-sized and upright. They are rootstocks for pears are the Old Home and the flavor is mildly acidic and resistant to apple scab and cedar- x Farmingdale series, which typically considered good for fresh use and apple rust, moderately resistant to combine better precocity, anchorage, sauce. Naturally semi-dwarf trees are fire blight and powdery mildew, and and resistance to fire blight and pear moderately resistant to fire blight. highly cold-tolerant, making this decline than seedling pear rootstocks. Fruit ripens in mid-September. variety a great option for northern These include: OH x F 97, produces a growers. Fruit ripens in late August. standard-sized tree; OH x F 87, produc- • CHESTNUT This attractive, reddish es trees slightly smaller than standard bronze fruit that is about the size • SANSA An excellent-quality, medium, and imparts high productivity; and of a small apple, has fine-textured, conical-shaped, red apple with 333 (OH x F 333), produces trees about yellowish flesh that has a pleasing, yellow streaking. Sweet and juicy 50–70% of full size. Pear trees need mildly tart, nut-like flavor. Fruit are with balanced acidity and flavor, adequate growing space in full sun to excellent for dessert and make this early cultivar has very good produce maximum yield (review Grow- superb cider. The tree is vigorous tolerance to apple scab and cedar ing Pears in Wisconsin (A2072), so allow and winter-hardy. Fruit ripens in apple rust. Fruit ripens in mid- to late 200–350 square feet per tree. Pears mid- to late September. August. bloom very early and therefore, crop- ping is sporadic from year to year. • DOLGO Tart for fresh use, the • WILLIAM’S PRIDE Fruit has a bright red, oval fruit, 1–1.25 inch complex mix of sweet, tart, and • BARTLETT First discovered in in diameter, makes a high-quality spicy flavors. It is resistant to apple England in the 1800s, this is the orange-red jelly. The large-statured scab, cedar-apple blight, and fire standard commercial pear in North trees are extremely winter-hardy, blight, but shows a tendency toward America. It is moderately winter- apple scab-resistant, and good water core, a disorder in which fruit hardy, but adapted to widely varying pollinizers for many apple cultivars. become water-soaked and soft. soil and climatic conditions. Very Fruit ripens in late August. It has a long window of maturity, susceptible to fire blight. The fruit requiring multiple pickings. Fruit are medium to large size with • WHITNEY Large, dessert crabapple melting flesh. Good for fresh use and ripens in late September to early with yellow base and red blush- October. canning. Red-skinned strains, such striping is juicy and sweet. The as Red Sensation, are also available flesh is yellowish with just a hint but are not suitable pollinizers of of tartness and great for jelly, Bartlett. Harvest beginning as early canning, and pickling. The spreading, as September. precocious, and very productive trees have good apple scab and fire blight tolerance. Fruit ripens in late August to early September.

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• FLEMISH BEAUTY The green skin • HARROW SWEET Similar in size and with red flush turns more yellow appearance to Bartlett, but with as it ripens. Very good quality fruit a more attractive blush, juicy, and that is juicy and tender with fair sweet. Trees are moderately winter- keeping quality. Timely harvesting hardy and have good resistance is necessary to prevent over- to fire blight. Precocious and ripening. These winter-hardy trees productive trees tend to overbear, are susceptible to fire blight and so fruit thinning may be needed to very susceptible to pear scab, which prevent biennial bearing. Harvest seriously diminishes fruit quality. beginning in late September. Harvest starting in late September. • HARVEST QUEEN From the Harrow • GEM A joint 2013 release of Michigan Research and Development Centre State University, Oregon State in Ontario, Canada, the fruit is University, and Clemson University, it smaller than Bartlett, but has fewer is resistant to fire blight. This gem- grit cells and far superior fire blight shaped, light-green, flushed-red fruit resistance. Harvest beginning in late is medium-sized, sweet, and mildly August. aromatic. The attractive, medium- sized fruit can be consumed crisp or • HONEYSWEET Medium to large softened, and can be harvested over yellow pear with slight pink-red • PATTEN An excellent dessert pear, a three-week period and stored for blush, the skin is smooth, and the the medium- to large-sized, yellow up to five months. Harvest starting flesh is very sweet and creamy. Trees fruit are very tender and juicy, in early September. tend to be somewhat self-fruitful for though not good for canning. fruit set, but better with a pollinizer, Moderate tolerance to fire blight. • GOURMET The fruit are medium- are moderately fire blight resistant, Harvest beginning in mid- to late sized and yellow to yellow-green and winter-hardy. Harvest beginning September. in color. This cultivar combines the in early September. crisp flesh found in Asian pears with • SUMMERCRISP The red-blushed, the sweet, rich flavor of European • LUSCIOUS The flavor of this medium small fruit with crisp, juicy flesh is pears. Refrigerated, the fruit will to small fruit is similar to Bartlett, similar to an Asian pear and has a keep several weeks. Medium-sized but sweeter. Luscious originated mild flavor. Resistant to fire blight. trees are upright and moderately in South Dakota. The trees are very Harvest beginning in mid-August. productive, winter-hardy, and winter-hardy and considered fire • UBILEEN The fruit is large and tolerant of fire blight, although they blight tolerant for small fruit. Do not attractive with a red blush. The flesh are not effective pollinizers. Harvest use as pollinizer. Harvest beginning is aromatic, sweet, buttery, and fine- starting mid- to late September. in late September. textured. Trees are disease resistant. • HARROW DELIGHT The fruit are • PARKER Introduced by the Harvest beginning in mid- to late medium-sized with red blush over University of Minnesota, the tasty, July. yellow, of good quality, with fewer medium-sized, reddish-brown fruit grit cells than most European is excellent for eating fresh, jams, pears. This Canadian introduction and jellies, but does not keep well. is moderately winter-hardy and Trees are moderately winter-hardy. highly resistant to fire blight. Harvest starting in mid-August. Harvest at “mature green” stage and after-ripened, otherwise fruit will drop heavily from the tree. Harvest starting in mid-August.

7 HOME FRUIT CULTIVARS FOR SOUTHERN WISCONSIN sites). Birds can decimate the crop Asian pears • SHINSEIKI (NEW CENTURY) Medium- Asian pears are shaped more like before harvest if the trees are not sized, round, glossy yellow, and crisp apples, but have the grittiness and skin netted. Typical rootstocks for sweet like an apple, the fruit is similar to of pears. When ripe, they are crisp and cherry include the full-size Mazzard, 20th Century in appearance but not juicy. Asian pears are not as winter- and progressively smaller Gisela®6, as sweet. Fruit ripens in mid-August. hardy as European pears, but they Krymsk®5, Gisela®12, and Gisela®5. can grow well in protected areas of Gisela®5 produces trees as small as southern Wisconsin. Most cultivars are STONE FRUITS 45% of standard and should not be Stone fruit trees, such as cherries, only partially self-fruitful; therefore, it used on heavy or poor soils in conjunc- plums, and peaches, tend to have is recommended to plant two different tion with highly productive cultivars. shorter lifespans than apple and cultivars together for a full crop. Asian Krymsk®5 is the most winter-hardy of pear trees. They are also susceptible and European pears can cross-polli- the dwarfing rootstocks. to damage by borers. See Extension nate each other if bloom periods over- Publications Apricot, Cherry, Peach, and lap. Most Asian pears are grafted on P. • BENTON Medium-large fruit with Plum Pest Management for Home Gar- betulifolia, a standard size rootstock. dark red skin and flesh, Benton deners (A2130) for pest management blooms later than many sweet recommendations, and Growing Apri- • 20TH CENTURY (NIJISEIKI) Round, cherries, reducing the risk of a spring cots, Cherries, Peaches, and Plums in Wis- medium-sized, green to yellow fruit. frost damaging the flowers. The fruit consin (A3639) for cultural information. Crisp and very sweet with a delicate also resists rain cracking (fruit skin flavor at maturity. One of the older Sweet cherries will not split when it rains close to cultivars, it originated in Japan harvest). Fruit ripens in mid-July. Sweet cherries bloom earlier and are around 1900. This variety stores well. less winter-hardy than tart cherries; Fruit ripens in late August. • BLACKGOLD™ The fruit is medium- even in protected areas of southern large, firm, dark red, and heart- Wisconsin they might not produce • CHOJURO Large, flat-shaped fruit, shaped. BlackGold is self-fruitful consistently. Depending on your loca- gold to orange skin turning orange- with mid- to late bloom season. Fruit tion, cultivars might perform slightly brown russet when fully mature. ripens in mid-July. differently. Some sweet cherry culti- Fruit is sweet and stores extremely vars are self-fruitful, but many have well. Trees are upright, vigorous, and • EMPEROR FRANCIS This yellow very complex pollinizer requirements, very productive. Fruit ripens in mid- cherry has a red blush, excellent so each cultivar must be checked for August. flavor, and good fruit firmness. The compatibility with another (nurseries fruit resists rain cracking, and trees often provide information on cultivar consistently set a crop every year. compatibility in catalogues and web- Fruit ripens in early July.

• GOLD The most winter-hardy sweet cherry, Gold also blooms later so is less susceptible to injury from spring frost, offering prolific production. Small, yellow, firm fruit have sweet and tangy flavor and crack resistance. Birds are less apt to eat due to yellow color. Fruit ripens in mid- to late July.

8 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-EXTENSION

• KRISTIN Very dark, purplish-red • FIRST EDITIONS® SWEET CHERRY Plums Japanese plums are not winter-hardy in fruit, resists rain cracking. This PIE™ CHERRY This cultivar from Wisconsin and are not recommended. cultivar presents higher tolerance northern Wisconsin is very winter- to mid-winter temperatures than hardy, producing reliably heavy BLUE (EUROPEAN OR PRUNE) most sweet cherries. Fruit ripens in crops of cherries sweeter than other PLUMS mid-July. tart cherry cultivars. Ripens mid-July. Most European plums are grafted or budded onto St. Julian or Myrobalan • LAPIN Large, dark red fruit with good • METEOR This Amarello-type, large, rootstocks. The following blue plum rain cracking resistance. Consistently bright-red, tart fruit with yellow flesh cultivars are self-fruitful and therefore productive and winter-hardy. Fruit and small pits produces colorless to do not require pollinizers. ripens in mid- to late July. yellow juice. Trees are medium-sized, attractive, very winter-hardy, and • MOUNT ROYAL This small- to • VAN Dark, red cherry is second only relatively resistant to leaf spot. Fruit medium-sized, round, attractive to GOLD in winter-hardiness. The ripens in mid- to late July. fruit is a very good, winter-hardy trees are vigorous and precocious. blue plum for southern Wisconsin. Fruit ripens in late June. • MONTMORENCY The most well- A heavy producer, Mount Royal is a known tart cherry in North America, clingstone type, good for fresh use, • WHITEGOLD® Moderate-sized, it produces medium-sized, bright- canning, drying, and freezing. Fruit yellow fruit with red blush and good red, firm, tangy fruit. The trees are ripens in late August. resistance to rain cracking. Self- self-pollinating, although growth fruitful, with a mid- to late bloom tends to be willowy, as much of • STANLEY A late-blooming, heavy season. The trees have good field the fruit are borne at the base of annual producer with a good growth tolerance to bacterial canker and one-year-old wood. Fruit ripens in habit, yields are heavier if planted cherry leaf spot. Fruit ripens in mid- mid-July. alongside Mount Royal. Stanley July. produces attractive, blue, oval- • NORTH STAR This large, good-quality shaped fruit with sweet yellow flesh. Tart cherries fruit with mahogany-red skin and This freestone variety is excellent for These tart cherry cultivars do not tart, red flesh produces Morello-type fresh use, preserves, processing, and require cross-pollination to produce juice (dark red). The small, compact drying. It is moderately winter-hardy. fruit; planting one cultivar is sufficient. trees are very winter-hardy and Fruit ripens in early September. Birds can decimate the crop before relatively resistant to cherry leaf AMERICAN HYBRID PLUMS harvest if the trees are not netted. spot. Fruit ripens in early to mid-July. American Hybrid plum cultivars are The most common rootstock used is typically budded on Myrobalan. The Mahaleb. • SUDA Medium-sized, tart and juicy, most winter-hardy full-size rootstock this dark-red fruit makes the darkest is the wild plum, Prunus americana. • BALATON Sweeter than typical tart Morello juice. Best for processing Not typically used by commercial cherry varieties, Balaton originated and freezing. Fruit ripens in late July. nurseries due to variability and in Hungary. The large, plump, firm suckering, it is suitable for grafting by fruit has red flesh that produces a • SUREFIRE An introduction from homeowners. Most of the cultivars bright red juice. Fruit ripens in mid- the New York State Agricultural listed can also be grafted on an even July. Experiment Station, Surefire blooms more dwarf, and just as winter-hardy, in late spring and tolerates frost. The rootstock known as Prunus besseyi, • EVANS Very winter-hardy and fruit is bright red, juicy, and larger the western sandcherry, or Krymsk®1, productive, this Canadian than Montmorency. Open growth a new winter-hardy, semi-dwarfing introduction produces bright red, habit of the trees make harvest rootstock from Russia. Plant a pollinizer relatively sweet cherries with small much easier than most cultivars. cultivar (see below) with the following pits. The trees may be marketed as Fruit ripens in late July. Bali, Evans, or Evans Bali. Fruit ripens to ensure fruit set. These cultivars in mid-July. require considerable annual pruning to maintain vigor and regular pest control to achieve good quality fruit.

9 HOME FRUIT CULTIVARS FOR SOUTHERN WISCONSIN

• ALDERMAN This introduction from the University of Minnesota (1986) has very large, burgundy-red fruit. Clingstone type with soft flesh and sweet, slightly astringent flavor, Alderman has excellent quality for fresh use and preserves. Fruit ripens the third week of August.

• BLACKICETM A University of Wisconsin-River Falls release in 2006. The large California-style dessert plum has dark-blue skin and red meaty flesh, with a rich and sweet, appetizing taste. Semi-freestone. High yield requires heavy, annual pruning and prompt thinning to avoid damage to branches. Susceptible to European brown rot • UNDERWOOD Released by the • TOKA Also known as the Bubblegum twig blight. Fruit ripens in late July to University of Minnesota in 1920-21, Plum®, this South Dakota early August. Underwood bears round to heart- Experiment Station introduction shaped, medium-sized fruit. This produces small- to medium-sized, • LA CRESCENT A Minnesota cultivar clingstone-type plum has red skin clingstone-type, reddish bronze fruit with small- to medium-sized fruit and tender yellow flesh. The trees with spicy-sweet, yellow flesh. Trees that can present a light blue blush. are very winter-hardy. Fruit ripens in are very winter-hardy. Fruit ripens in The flesh is yellow, sweet, juicy, and early August, extending over a long mid-August. of high quality. Freestone type. Fruit season. ripens in early August. Apricots • WANETA Introduced by the South Apricot trees can be quite tolerant of • PIPESTONE Medium-large, red- Dakota Experiment Station in the cold winter temperatures; however, skinned fruit with yellow, sweet, mid-1900s, this clingstone-type due to their early flowering habit, clingstone-type flesh. Released over-produces, benefitting from fruit are often lost to spring frosts. In by the University of Minnesota in thinning to produce medium-sized Wisconsin, expect a crop about 1 or 1942, trees are very winter-hardy, fruit with yellow skin, blushed red. 2 out of every 5 years. Some apricots productive, and grow well in dry The flesh is deep yellow and juicy. are self-fruitful (pollen produced by climates. Fruit ripens around mid- Trees are very winter-hardy and bear the flowers of one tree will fertilize the August. fruit annually. Fruit ripens in mid- other flowers on the same tree) and do August. not need a pollinizer. However, apricots • SUPERIOR Excellent quality, will set more fruit if cross-pollinated. AMERICAN HYBRID PLUM The best rootstock for apricots is a clingstone-type, bears large red fruit POLLINIZER CULTIVARS with sweet yellow flesh best eaten Manchurian apricot. fresh or for preserves and baking. • KAGA Bright red fruit are small- to Another University of Minnesota medium-sized. Clingstone flesh is • HARCOT Medium-sized with orange release (1933), trees are hardy to firm, meaty, and characterized by skin blushed with pink, freestone -30°F with a somewhat weeping a strong but pleasing flavor. Good flesh that is firm and sweet with growth habit. Unless hand-thinned, for fresh use and cooking. Trees are good flavor. Fruit is good for fresh trees tend to over-produce, resulting small, winter-hardy, and productive. use and processing. Trees are in small fruit. Fruit ripens in late Fruit ripens in early August. self-fruitful with some tolerance August. to bacterial spot. Fruit ripens in mid- July.

10 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-EXTENSION

• HARLAYNE Medium-sized, orange Peaches • PF24C-COLD HARDY Attractive, Peaches can be very challenging to skin with red blush and freestone large fruit with a red blush and grow in cold climates. Harsh winters flesh that is firm. Tolerant to brown sweet-acidic flavor. Some resistance reduce tree vigor and a tree’s lifespan. rot, bacterial spot, and canker. Trees to bacterial spot. Stores better for Due to their early blooming habit, are self-sterile, and can be planted longer periods of time than most peach flowers are often damaged with SUGAR PEARLS™ for pollination peach cultivars. Fruit ripens in mid- by spring frost. It is possible to grow purposes. Fruit ripens in late July. September. peach trees in areas near Lake Michi- • MOONGOLD Somewhat tough- gan, where temperatures are moder- ated by the lake. Peach trees are self- SMALL FRUITS skinned, medium-sized, yellow Small fruits—including strawberries, fruitful and do not need a pollinizer. freestone fruit with a sweet, mild raspberries, currants, gooseberries, flavor that is good for processing or grapes, juneberries, and elderberries— • CONTENDER Trees can tolerate desserts. The trees are medium-sized are well suited to home gardens. They temperatures below 0°F. Produces and spreading, and can be planted generally are productive and require consistent crops of medium-large, with SUNGOLD for pollination less space and less-precise pest man- sweet, juicy freestone fruit. Some purposes. Fruit ripens in mid-July. agement measures than tree fruits. resistance to bacterial spot. Fruit Whenever possible, purchase virus- ripens in late August. • SUGAR PEARLS™ White-fleshed free planting stock from a reputable cultivar from Rutgers Agricultural • INTREPID This cultivar combines nursery or garden center. Ripening of Experiment Station in New Jersey; good winter survival and late small fruits will be categorized as early has a very sweet, rich flavor. Blooms blooming, avoiding most spring (mid-June to early July), mid (mid-July very late compared to most apricots, frost damage. Trees are resistant to early August), and late (mid-August so less chance of crop loss due to bacterial spot. With red skin and to mid-September) season. to spring frost. Self-sterile, can sweet yellow flesh, Intrepid is good be planted with HARLAYNE for Strawberries for baking, canning, freezing, or pollination purposes. Significantly There are three different types of eating fresh. Fruit ripens in mid- more winter-hardy than any other strawberries that differ in their growth, August. eastern cultivar. Fruit ripens in mid- flowering, and fruiting characteristics. to late July. June-bearing strawberry cultivars • RELIANCE Among peach cultivars, produce one large crop that ripens this one is considered winter-hardy. • SUNGOLD Fruit are gold with an in the month of June, and produce Developed in New Hampshire in orange blush, and the skin is more runners during long and warm days 1964, this late-blooming cultivar delicate than Moongold’s. The in the summer months. Day-neutral can be grown into Canada. A sweet, freestone flesh is light orange, with a strawberry cultivars produce flow- freestone-style peach with yellow mild and sweet flavor. Good quality ers and fruit throughout the summer flesh and medium to low fruit for dessert or processing. Vigorous, months. For maximum production, quality. Fruit ripens in early August. winter-hardy trees are productive, set plants close together and remove but self-sterile. Plant with MOONGOLD the runners. Day-neutral strawberries • MADISON Part of the group of for pollination purposes. Fruit ripens winter-hardy peach cultivars, the mid- to late July. freestone fruit are medium-sized, with bright red skin and firm yellow • WESTCOT An introduction from flesh. Fruit ripens in early September. Manitoba, Canada, this is one of the most winter-hardy apricot cultivars • MCKAY Considered a winter-hardy available. The attractive orange- peach cultivar, the trees are self- yellow skin has a pinkish blush, and fruitful, producing large firm fruit. the juicy freestone fruit are good for Good for fresh use, preserves, or eating fresh. Self-fruitful. Fruit ripens baking. Fruit ripens early to mid- in early August. August.

11 HOME FRUIT CULTIVARS FOR SOUTHERN WISCONSIN should be allowed to set fruit after July • GLOOSCAP Flavorful, medium-sized, • VALLEY SUNSET The green top 1 the first year of planting. Most day- dark, glossy-red fruit are good for removes easily from very large, neutral cultivars either will need to be fresh use, freezing, and preserves. very firm, glossy-red, wedge to planted annually or planted in a small Plants are very productive, vigorous, conic-shaped fruit with excellent hoop house, as typically they are not and produce many runners. They flavor. From Nova Scotia, the plants winter-hardy. are resistant to leaf scorch and leaf are quite vigorous, produce large Everbearing strawberry cultivars pro- spot, but susceptible to Verticillium crowns and appear tolerant to leaf duce a crop in late spring and another wilt and red stele root disease. Fruit spot disease, but are susceptible to in late summer-early fall. They are ripens mid-season. leaf scorch and fruit rots. Fruit ripens more winter-hardy than day-neutral late season. types, and do not need to be replanted • HONEOYE Highly productive cultivar annually. However, they do not bear with large, attractive fruit, good • WENDY Bright medium-red, as high a quality, or as consistently as for fresh use and freezing. Very attractive conic to wedge-shaped, day-neutral cultivars. For more infor- winter-hardy, Honeoye appears to high quality fruit with bright red mation, see Growing Strawberries in be tolerant of leaf powdery mildew, flesh. Plants are vigorous and Wisconsin (A1597). but is susceptible to red stele root produce many runners, but the JUNE-BEARING STRAWBERRIES disease and angular leaf spot. Fruit fruit size trails off quickly in later ripens early to mid-season. harvests. This cultivar from Nova • ANNAPOLIS A productive cultivar Scotia is resistant to red stele root from Canada with good resistance to • JEWEL Attractive, medium-red, disease and powdery mildew, but red stele root disease. The attractive, glossy fruit with excellent flavor susceptible to Verticillium wilt and large, medium-red, and firm fruit are for fresh use or freezing. Plants leaf spot. Fruit ripens early season. mildly sweet. Best for fresh use. Fruit have high yield potential and good DAY-NEUTRAL STRAWBERRIES ripens early season. tolerance to Botrytis gray mold and post-harvest fruit rots. Fruit ripens • ALBION Flavorful, dark-red fruit. • CAVENDISH A release from Nova mid- to late season. Superior disease resistance makes Scotia with high yield potential, the this cultivar an industry standard. fruit are medium-red, firm, and very Only moderately winter-hardy, with large. Best for fresh use, the flavor is USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 4 at slightly superior to Annapolis. the northern edge of its range. Fruit Cavendish is resistant to red stele ripens mid-season. root disease. Fruit ripens mid-season.

• EARLIGLOW Moderately productive cultivar with firm, very high-quality fruit. Fair for freezing. Resistant to root diseases and moderately resistant to leaf diseases. Fruit ripens early season.

• FLAVORFEST From the USDA Beltsville, Maryland Research Center. Large, bright-red fruit with excellent, well-balanced flavor. Vigorous plants are tolerant of leaf diseases and have resistance to most eastern red stele disease races and anthracnose fruit and crown rot. Fruit ripens mid- season.

12 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-EXTENSION

• TRIBUTE Bright-red, medium-sized, firm fruit is good for fresh use and processing. Plants are vigorous, and resistant to many leaf and root diseases. Fruit ripens mid-season.

• TRISTAR Sweet, firm, glossy fruit with deep-red color. Moderately-vigorous, medium-sized plants have superior disease resistance. Fruit ripens mid- season.

• SEASCAPE Flavorful, large, conical fruit with dark-red skin and flesh that is best for fresh use. Plants are resistant to Verticillium wilt and leaf scorch, but susceptible to leaf spot. Fruit ripens early season. Raspberries • FESTIVAL Fruit are very attractive It is best to grow both fall-bearing and with good skin strength and soft EVERBEARING STRAWBERRIES summer-bearing raspberries to extend flesh. Very good for fresh use, but the fruiting season and to achieve only fair for freezing. Immune to • FORT LARAMIE Medium-sized, bright maximum production. Black raspber- mosaic virus and tolerant of spur red fruit with a sweet flavor. Vigorous ries should only be planted on sites blight. Short, but vigorous growth plants are very winter-hardy, protected from cold and wind, avoid- habit and good winter hardiness. produce many runners, and tolerant ing low spots where cold air accumu- Fruit ripens mid-season. to leaf spot and leaf scorch, but lates. Purple raspberries, which are the leaves are very susceptible to hybrids of black and red raspberries, • HONEYQUEEN High-quality, large powdery mildew. Fruit ripens early are moderately winter-hardy and will to mid-season. golden fruit with “honey sweet” survive better in sheltered locations. flavor. Plants produce average to For more information, see Growing high yields. Canes are medium- • OGALLALA The medium-sized, dark- Raspberries in Wisconsin (A1610). red fruit are soft, very flavorful, and height, spiny, and sucker freely. Fruit good for freezing. This vigorous and Blackberries are not winter-hardy and ripens mid-season. productive early ripening cultivar is are not recommended for Wisconsin. • KILLARNEY Flavorful, medium, very winter-hardy, resistant to leaf SUMMER-BEARING RED spot, and drought tolerant. Fruit RASPBERRIES bright-red fruit, good for freezing ripens early season. and preserves. Fruit tends to • AAC EDEN This Canadian release soften in hot weather. The spiny • OZARK BEAUTY For fresh use produces large, firm, medium- canes readily sucker. Plants are and freezing, the attractive, very red conical fruit on thornless, susceptible to powdery mildew and flavorful, and wedge-shaped moderately vigorous canes. Fruit anthracnose. Fruit ripens early to berries are medium-large and ripens mid-season. mid-season. moderately firm with red skin and flesh. Plants produce many runners • CANBY Grows only in far southeast- • LATHAM Winter-hardy, vigorous with daughter plants, but only the ern Wisconsin. Large, juicy, bright- plants with reliable yields that mother plant yields fruit in a given red fruit are very good for fresh use, produce sweet, medium-large, season. Resistant to leaf spot and but only fair for freezing. Tall canes slightly round fruit good for canning leaf scorch. Fruit ripens mid-season. are sturdy and thornless. Canby will and freezing. Latham is a long-time not tolerate heavy soils or poorly favorite for home gardeners and drained sites. Fruit ripens mid- commercial operations. Fruit ripens season. mid-season.

13 HOME FRUIT CULTIVARS FOR SOUTHERN WISCONSIN

PURPLE RASPBERRIES • NOVA Medium-large, bright-red, • CAROLINE Large, long, sweet, and moderately acidic fruit is good for flavorful, these red conical berries • BRANDYWINE Aromatic fruit are fresh use and freezing. Plants are have a long shelf life. Plants are large, firm, tart, and excellent for winter-hardy, have few thorns, and vigorous, have a long fruiting season, canning and freezing. Developed at produce above-average yields, and moderate to high suckering. Cornell University, the very vigorous, but they must be trellised. Nova Plants exhibit low incidence of gray highly productive, thorny canes plants possess good tolerance to mold and show better tolerance to should be supported. Fruit ripens Phytophthora root rot, spur blight, yellow rust and root rots. However, mid-season. and anthracnose, and are resistant to they do not perform well under yellow rust. Fruit ripens early season. drought conditions. Ripens mid- to • ROYALTY Another Cornell late season. introduction, Royalty is probably the • PRELUDE Bright-red, summer best purple raspberry, producing raspberry cultivar with good-quality, • POLANA Flavorful, medium-large, large, sweet, high-quality fruit that is firm, sweet fruit. The upright and firm berries that have a glossy more flavorful than Brandywine, and vigorous plants are resistant to appearance. Originating in Poland, excellent for processing. Plants are Phythophthora root rot and tolerant the highly productive plants vigorous with high-yield potential, of anthracnose. Prelude produces a produce short, vigorous canes. Fruit and the canes should be supported. moderate fall crop. Fruit ripens early ripens mid-season. Fruit ripens late season. season. • POLKA Bred in Poland, this cultivar BLACK RASPBERRIES FALL-BEARING RED RASPBERRIES is an upright, vigorous grower Fall-bearing raspberry cultivars bear a • BLACK HAWK This vigorous, with low thorn density and above- crop in the fall on current-year canes extremely winter-hardy, black average disease resistance. The large, (primocanes). Typically, plants will pro- raspberry produces sweet, medium- bright red, conical, fruit are firm with duce fruit until interrupted by killing sized, firm berries that do not excellent flavor and a long shelf life. frosts. Plant only early types in areas crumble when handled. From Iowa, Fruit ripens mid- to late season. susceptible to frosts with short grow- the plants are heat tolerant and ing seasons. fairly resistant to anthracnose. Fruit • VINTAGE Large, firm, glossy, bright ripens mid-season. red fruit that can be picked firm- • AUTUMN BRITTEN Large, firm, conical pink with excellent flavor. Plants are fruit are medium- to dark-red and • JEWEL Perhaps the best black susceptible to Phytophthora. Fruit flavorful. The vigorous plants are raspberry to grow in southern ripens late season. nearly spineless, and have good Wisconsin. Vigorous, erect plants yield potential. Fruit ripens mid- to FALL-BEARING GOLDEN produce good yields of firm, late season. RASPBERRIES glossy, and rich-flavored fruit that ripen uniformly and are great for • ANNE Large, light gold, sweet, and • BP-1 A new Italian cultivar with preserves and jellies. Fruit ripens firm fruit. The highly productive Polka in its parentage bears firm, mid-season. plants are low-suckering with tall light-red fruit with excellent quality. canes that require trellising. Tolerant Plants are moderately vigorous, • MAC BLACK Plants produce of Phytophthora root rot. Fruit ripens produce tall, upright canes, and have moderate yields of very flavorful, late season. the potential to out-yield Polka. Fruit medium-sized fruit. Trellising is ripens late season. required. Fruit ripens mid- to late • FALL GOLD Large, pale yellow, soft season. fruit. This Korean cultivar is cold- tolerant and produces upright, high-yielding canes. Fruit ripens late season.

14 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-EXTENSION plants are moderately vigorous and Currants • TITANIA Large, mild-flavored fruit Naturalized to Wisconsin woodlands highly resistant to powdery mildew. that are sweeter than most black and fields, these species introduced Fruit ripens mid-season. currants. The plants have high yield from Europe are winter-hardy and potential, are self-fruitful, show moderately productive in cultivated • BEN SAREK These compact plants good vigor, resistance to frost, and plantings. Currants and gooseberries are approximately three feet tall, immunity to white pine blister rust. are self-fruitful. However, elderberries and produce heavy crops of large, Fruit ripens mid-season. are self-unfruitful and two or more easy-to-pick, but softer berries that cultivars should be planted to allow for are great for jam, jelly, and wine. PINK OR WHITE CURRANTS cross-pollination. For best results, plant While the berries do tend to drop • BLANKA Large, sweet, white berries improved cultivars from commercial prematurely, the plants are highly that are easily harvested off long nurseries. For more information, see resistant to frost, white pine blister strings, and are good for fresh use, Extension Publication Growing Cur- rust, leaf spot, and powdery mildew, jams, or winemaking. The vigorous rants, Gooseberries, and Elderberries in but susceptible to cane blight. Fruit plants flower late, avoiding late Wisconsin (A1960). ripens early to mid-season. spring frost damage; they grow BLACK CURRANTS • CONSORT Heavy-bearing and large, spreading canes, and are resistant to powdery mildew. Fruit • BEN CHASKA Bred in Scotland but precocious, this Canadian cultivar ripens mid- to late season. tested at the University of Minnesota has medium-long clusters of somewhat soft, one-half to three- since 1999, the name is a fusion of • PRIMUS This introduction from the Scottish series and a common quarter-inch berries. Excellent dried, the sweet, musky flavor makes this Slovakia offers white fruit with destination in Minnesota. Highly sweet, rich flavor and juice high productive plants with upright, but self-fruitful cultivar good for jellies, preserves, juice, and wine. The plants in Vitamin C. Compact bushes are compact, growth habit produce heavy producers, bearing long crops of large, high-quality fruit are immune to white pine blister rust, and very winter-hardy. Fruit fruiting clusters. Fruit ripens mid- good for juice, wine, or jellies. This season. cultivar is resistant to white pine ripens mid- to late season. blister rust. Fruit ripens mid-season. • CRANDALL Produces clove-scented • PINK CHAMPAGNE Translucent, pink berries have a wonderful • BEN COMO Another cultivar in yellow flowers in spring and dark red to black berries that can be eaten flavor and are considered one of the Scottish ‘Ben’ series tested at the sweetest currants for fresh use. the University of Minnesota since fresh in mid-season. Flavor is milder and less pungent than other black Vigorous, upright bushes have 1999. Great for juice, jelly, or wine, some resistance to leaf diseases. The the high-quality fruit is smaller currants without the traditional, strong pungent flavor. Developed in bushes can experience low yields, and ripens later than Ben Chaska. and the compact clusters can be Resistant to white pine blister rust, the U.S. in 1888, the fruit is good for jam, jelly, spreads, and syrup. Bushes difficult to harvest. Fruit ripens mid- the plants are upright and compact, season. larger than those of Ben Chaska, and are vigorous, resistant to white pine highly productive and consistent blister rust, and cane blight. Crandall has a drooping habit that may • WHITE IMPERIAL White, translucent, bearers in the Midwest. Fruit ripens pearly fruit, borne in loose clusters, mid-season. require trellising, and offers brilliant red and yellow fall foliage. Fruit is considered a choice dessert ripens mid-season. fruit with a very rich, sweet flavor • BEN LOMOND Heavy producer of that surpasses red currants. White berries larger than Ben Sarek, fruit Imperial, introduced in 1895, is has a strong, pungent flavor and • CRUSADER Developed in Canada for white pine blister rust immunity, winter-hardy and self-pollinating. produces juice with a high Vitamin Fruit ripens mid-July. C content and good color. Ben this cultivar consistently produces Lomond plants are easy to grow and loose clusters of large fruit. Plants maintain. The four- to five-feet-tall are vigorous, but require a pollinizer such as Consort. Fruit ripens late season.

15 HOME FRUIT CULTIVARS FOR SOUTHERN WISCONSIN RED CURRANTS Gooseberries CURRANT-GOOSEBERRY • JONKHEER VAN TETS Despite its early • JOSTABERRY Introduced in 1977, • HINNOMAKI RED The skin of the flowering habit, this cultivar has this cultivar was developed in dark-red fruit is tangy, while the flesh good frost tolerance and produces Europe by crossing black currants is very sweet and may be better for large, tart, dark-red fruit best for with gooseberries. Fruit resemble processing than for eating fresh. jams and juices. Bushes may require gooseberries until ripe, and then Developed in Finland, the small- trellising, and are susceptible to cane they elongate turning almost black to medium-sized, upright bushes blight. Fruit ripens early season. and hang in clusters. The flavor is produce heavy yields and are winter- sweet like ripe gooseberries, but hardy with some disease resistance. • RED JADE All-around good-quality with a touch of sharper, black- Fruit ripens early season. bush, moderately productive with currant flavor. Resistant to white pine easy-to-pick berries that score as blister rust and powdery mildew, the • HINNOMAKI YELLOW This Finnish one of the best tasting for fresh thornless plants grow five to eight cultivar produces aromatic, medium- consumption. Fruit ripens early feet high, produce heavy yields, and sized, yellow-green fruit that is season. are considered very winter-hardy. sweet with a slight apricot aftertaste. Fruit ripens early season. The bushes are slow-growing and • RED LAKE The compact, well-filled, short, moderately powdery mildew fruit clusters with large, bright-red Elderberries resistant, and winter-hardy. Fruit berries that have a mild flavor that is Elderberries are mostly self-unfruitful, ripens mid-season. excellent for preserves and muffins, so more than one cultivar should be and makes superb sparkling red jelly. planted for cross pollination. The fruit • INVICTA Large, green fruit that when Precocious, vigorous bush is winter- is high in Vitamin C, and used in pro- fully ripe are sweet enough to eat hardy and very resistant to white cessing and winemaking. The plants fresh and are good for processing. pine blister rust. The long ripening are easy to grow and have ornamental High-yielding, vigorous bushes have season starts early to mid-season. value in the landscape. Cut out weak large thorns, and some resistance stems in the spring. to powdery mildew and white pine • RED START Good-quality, medium- blister rust. Fruit ripens early season. sized, slightly acidic red fruit borne • ADAMS Both Adams No. 1 and on long-fruiting clusters hold well Adams No. 2 are suitable. Developed • PIXWELL This winter-hardy variety is on each bush. This late-flowering at the New York State Agricultural moderately productive and has very variety avoids most frost damage, Experiment Station in Geneva, few thorns. The medium-sized fruit and consistently produces high the plants are winter-hardy and are pink and mild flavored when yields of fruit that ripen mid-season. vigorous, growing eight feet tall. The mature, and best for processing and strong canes offer very large fruit jams. Fruit ripens early season. • ROVADA Very large, flavorful, and compared to the native varieties. aromatic berries that are more Fruit ripens late season. • POORMAN Red, pear-shaped fruit suitable for processing than for that are the largest of any American eating fresh. Bushes flower late, are • BOB GORDON High yields of very type, and sweet enough to be eaten easy to grow, and produce heavy large fruit clusters, up to 12 inches fresh or made into jams or pies. crops in late season. across that droop as the 1/4-inch Bushes are winter-hardy, moderately berries ripen. The fruit grows on productive, and less thorny than • WILDER Vigorous and productive new canes, so all canes can be cut most cultivars. Fruit ripens early red-fruited berries that are some- to the ground every winter during season. what larger than Red Lake. The dormant pruning. Fruit ripens mid- bushes are moderately winter-hardy. season. Fruit ripens early season.

16 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-EXTENSION

• JOHNS Exceptionally vigorous, • YORK Largest berries and quantity • PARKHILL Spherical, blue-black, moderately winter-hardy plants that of all elderberries, they are more 0.5-inch fruit with a mild-bland grow six to ten feet tall. The fruit productive than Adams cultivars, flavor borne in open clusters that and clusters are larger, although with juicy, sweet, purplish black fruit. ripen evenly. This wild selection from less productive, than either Adams York offers showy, red foliage in the Michigan grows up to five feet tall cultivar. Fruit ripens late season. fall. Fruit ripens late season. and seven feet wide with moderate suckering. An excellent ornamental, • KENT This cultivar from Nova Juneberries Parkhill is moderately susceptible to Scotia produces flavorful, small- to (Saskatoons or powdery mildew. Fruit ripens early medium-sized, black fruit. Fruit Serviceberries) to mid-season. ripens early season. Prized for their culinary uses in Canada, juneberries are large, winter-hardy • PEMBINA Similar to Smokey but with • NOVA Dark purple fruit are larger shrubs better known as ornamentals larger growth (up to 15 feet tall). and sweeter than most elderberry in the U.S., but they’re increasing in Bushes are winter-hardy, productive, cultivars. The bushes grow up to six popularity as a culinary fruit. They are and drought tolerant. The fruit is feet tall. Fruit ripens mid-season. noted for their dark blue fruit (some- high-quality and sweet. Fruit ripens times used as a substitute for blueber- early to mid-season. • SCOTIA Sweetest of all named ries), showy flowers, and excellent fall varieties, the flavorful, black fruit foliage. Juneberries tolerate many soil • PRINCESS DIANA Moderate yields grow on short, vigorous bushes. Fruit types and a wide pH range (6.0–7.8), of large, sweet, purplish-red fruit. ripens early season. although they grow best on sandy Shrubs can reach up to 20 feet tall, soils with good drainage. Juneberries have excellent landscape qualities • WYLDEWOOD Fruit clusters are begin to bear fruit two to four years during bloom and fruiting, and medium to large with dark purple after planting. Bird netting should be provide vibrant fall displays. Fruit berries that ripen over a four-week used when the fruit begins to ripen. ripens early to mid-season. period. Great for jelly, juice, or wine, florets can be easily removed from • HONEYWOOD Large, pleasant-tasting • REGENT Bushes produce abundant the cyme for use in flavorings or as fruit are borne in clusters of up to crops of sweet, purplish black fruit. a dried product. Heavy producers, 15 berries. Shrubs are winter-hardy The 0.5-inch berries have an almost reaching over six feet, the bushes are and very productive, blooming later plum-like flavor and small seeds. This moderately susceptible to leaf sot than most Juneberries. There is some winter-hardy variety grows four to disease and Eriophyid mites. Fruit resistance to powdery mildew. Fruit six feet tall, requires a pollinizer, and ripens late season. ripens early season. is disease resistant. Fruit ripens early season.

• SMOKEY This older cultivar developed in Alberta, Canada, is self-fruitful, very winter-hardy, and drought tolerant. Bushes can grow up to nine feet tall. The fruit are large and sweet, good for fresh use and cooking. Fruit ripens early to mid- season.

17 HOME FRUIT CULTIVARS FOR SOUTHERN WISCONSIN are susceptible to downy and Grapes • BUFFALO An excellent-quality, Early season, American hybrid grapes powdery mildew. Fruit ripens mid- American-type grape from Cornell that ripen with or before Concord September. University that produces medium- usually will produce satisfactorily in sized berries in medium to large southern Wisconsin. Unfortunately, • SWENSON RED Medium-sized berries clusters that fill well. The fruit has a many high-quality cultivars, including that have a high sugar content spicy-sweet, melting flavor that is Concord, require a 150-day growing with a unique, fruity flavor and thin not foxy (sweet, Concord-like flavor) season to attain the best fruit quality skin. The fruit develops its red color and is excellent for fresh use and and flavor. New winter-hardy wine and unevenly and should be left on the juice. Cane-pruning and some winter table grape cultivars, released since vine until fully mature. For fresh use, protection are required for these the mid-1990s, have been established Swenson Red can be stored for two vigorous, disease resistant vines. successfully in southern Wisconsin. A to three weeks. Cane pruning and Fruit ripens in early September. general recommendation is to plant some winter protection are required. Fruit ripens mid- to late September. grapes only in warm, sunny, sheltered • EDELWEISS This early-ripening locations, preferably on a southern variety was developed in Minnesota SEEDLESS TABLE GRAPES slope. For more information, see Exten- as a dessert grape. Large clusters sion Publication Growing Grapes in of yellow-green, medium-sized, • EINSET A mid-season grape from Wisconsin (A1656). sweet berries are good for fresh Cornell, Einset is a winter-hardy, red, seedless grape with a rosy- SEEDED TABLE GRAPES use and making jellies and juice. Edelweiss grapes have a floral green color and a mild strawberry • BLUEBELL Attractive, dark-blue, aroma, and when picked early make aftertaste. Fruit ripens in mid- slipskin-type berries that have a a sweet, white wine with a fruity, September. pleasant-tasting juice that makes pineapple-like flavor. This variety • MONTREAL BLUE Borne in large, tight excellent jelly and light red juice. is winter-hardy, vigorous, and clusters, these deep blue, medium- Cane pruning is required to maintain disease-resistant, but requires some large berries have a high sugar these dependable, disease-resistant, winter protection. Fruit ripens early content, but the flavor is considered and winter-hardy plants. Fruit ripens September. in early to mid-September. tart for a table grape. The vigorous • FREDONIA Medium-large, dark-blue vines are susceptible to diseases. grapes with excellent flavor that are Fruit ripens in early September. good for fresh use and processing. • PETITE JEWEL Small, aromatic, ruby- Plants are vigorous, moderately red berries that have a spicy flavor. productive, and winter-hardy. Vines The vines are moderately vigorous and require some winter protection. Fruit ripens in early September.

• RELIANCE Medium to large clusters of medium-sized berries have a sweet, fruity, Concord-like flavor. The pink-red berries turn deep red late in the season. Fruit ripens in early September.

• SOMERSET SEEDLESS Bred by Elmer Swenson while working in Minnesota, this early season table grape has a complex, yet sweet flavor. Medium-sized berries are pink, turning red as they ripen. The winter-hardy vines are moderately

18 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-EXTENSION disease resistant, and grow well • FRONTENAC GRIS This gray-berried Blueberries once established. Fruit ripens in late Blueberries require specialized soil sport of Frontenac produces wine August. conditions and precise cultural and with an aroma described as peach water management practices. The soil and apricot with a hint of citrus and • TROLLHAUGEN Deep blue to purple for good blueberry culture must be tropical fruit; recommended for berries offer a spicy flavor. This highly acidic (pH 4.2–5.5) and can be making ice wine. The vines display winter-hardy variety produces high modified using sulfur formulations. similar growth characteristics, yields with good storage potential. Blueberries require mulching and disease susceptibility, and The vines are susceptible to most should be planted in light-textured management requirements as that diseases. Fruit ripens in late August. soils with high organic matter, good of Frontenac. Fruit ripens in late drainage, and sufficient moisture. WINE GRAPES September. Blueberries also should receive winter • BRIANNA Large, green-skinned • LA CRESCENT Large, loose clusters protection. Blueberry cultivars come in berries grow on tight, medium- with green-gold, small- to medium- two types, highbush and half-highs. As sized, clusters and can be used as sized berries. The high acidity the name implies, highbush blueberry a dessert grape. Brianna produces profile results in good dessert bushes are the tallest, self-fruitful, wines with tropical fruit notes. The wines described as containing and less winter-hardy. Half-highs are vines are vigorous and best grown notes of apricot, citrus, and honey. hybrids of lowbush and highbush on high cordon training system Moderately vigorous vines have a varieties, the half-high blueberries to accommodate its characteristic procumbent growth habit. They are generally are shorter and more winter- procumbent shoot growth. They are relatively resistant to black rot but hardy than the highbush varieties. moderately susceptible to downy highly susceptible to downy mildew. They are partially self-fruitful requiring mildew and black rot, and highly Fruit ripens in late September. a pollinizer. Refer to Blueberry Produc- susceptible to powdery mildew. Fruit tion in Minnesota (A8MN2241) for more ripens in early September. • MARQUETTE Sweet, dark purple, information. small- to medium-sized berries in HIGHBUSH • FRONTENAC Large, loose clusters of medium-sized clusters that produce dark purple, the very sweet, small- high quality, ruby-colored wine with • BLUECROP An extremely popular to medium-sized berries produce cherry, black pepper, and spice notes. cultivar throughout the U.S., light red juice with cherry, black The semi-erect vines are vigorous Bluecrop bushes produce medium currant, and plum notes. Vines are and train well on an upright, to large, light-blue fruit with firm vigorous and adaptable to upright shoot-positioning training system. texture and good flavor. Bushes are and downward training system. Marquette is cold-hardy, moderately moderately winter-hardy, and show Frontenac is moderately resistant to highly resistant to downy mildew, some disease resistance. Fruit ripens to downy mildew, but susceptible and susceptible to black rot. Fruit in mid-season. to black rot. Fruit ripens in late ripens late September to early September to early October. October. • BLUERAY These vigorous, winter- hardy, and productive plants are • FRONTENAC BLANC Large, loose • PETITE PEARL Small, tight clusters more forgiving of less than ideal soil. clusters of yellow to gold sport with dark purple, medium to large Aromatic, very large fruit is borne of Frontenac produce very berries that produce dark-red wines in tight clusters. Fruit is firm, but light, straw-colored wines. The with notes of ripe fruit accompanied quickly softens after harvest. Fruit flavor is somewhat like the by soft, mid-mouth tannins. The ripens in mid-season. combined sweetness and acidity cold-hardy vines experience late of Riesling and the spiciness bud-break compared to other • BONUS This release from Michigan of Gewürtztraminer. Vines are cultivars, are moderately vigorous, State University offers very good susceptible to powdery mildew and easy to train. Fruit ripens in late productivity and large, sweet, up and phylloxera. Fruit ripens in mid- September to early October. to half-dollar-size fruit. Bonus has September. proven hardiness for a highbush. Fruit ripens in mid- to late season.

19 HOME FRUIT CULTIVARS FOR SOUTHERN WISCONSIN

• DRAPER Another Michigan State University release, these bushes have a more upright growth (to five feet) and only moderate branching with exposed fruit for easy picking. Consistent yields of sweet, medium- large, powder-blue, juicy, and firm fruit grow on vigorous bushes in most soil types, except clay. Fruit ripens early to mid-season.

• ELLIOT Latest of the blueberry cultivars to bloom, Elliot produces firm, medium-sized, light-blue fruit with a tart, average flavor. The HALF-HIGH bushes are vigorous, upright, and • NORTHLAND The fruit are medium- Chippewa Small plant with an upright productive. Fruit ripens late season. sized, moderately firm, and have growth habit makes harvesting the a nice wild berry flavor. The early- large, sweet, light-blue berries with a • JERSEY Winter-hardy, vigorous, and ripening bushes are very productive, firm texture easier than most. Bushes high-yielding, Jersey was developed and the limber, spreading branches are very winter-hardy and can be in 1928, and is one of the oldest do not break under heavy snow grown in a container or as a patio cultivars. The bushes produce loads. Fruit ripens in early to mid- plant (for more information see Exten- consistently heavy yields of sweet, season. small- to medium-sized fruit. Fruit sion Publication Growing Blueberries in Containers XHT1196). Fruit ripens in ripens in mid- to late season. • NORTHSKY Reaching only 10 to mid-season. 20 inches tall, the bushes are • PATRIOT This winter-hardy, vigorous, similar to lowbush blueberries. The • NORTHBLUE Bushes grow just two four- to six-feet-tall bush grows medium-sized, light-blue fruit has an to two and a half feet tall. The fruit better in heavy soils than most excellent, wild blueberry flavor. The is dark-blue and firm with a fresh blueberry cultivars. The berries are bushes experience less winter injury berry flavor that is superior to many large and sweet, although disease than others due to better snow highbush cultivars. Although self- susceptibility can be a limiting cover of these short bushes. Fruit fruitful, a pollinizer will give higher factor. Fruit ripens in mid-season. ripens early to mid-season. yields. Northblue’s glossy, green leaves turn a brilliant red in the fall. • PINK POPCORN® First pink blueberry • POLARIS Developed at the Fruit ripens in mid-season. introduced by the University of University of Minnesota in 1996, the Minnesota, the bushes grow about very firm, light-blue berries have • NORTHCOUNTRY Sweet, light-blue 30 to 50 inches tall, and exhibit an excellent, highly aromatic flavor. fruit with a fresh flavor, similar to excellent landscape qualities, Requiring a pollinizer, the mature wild lowbush blueberries, they grow including a bright-red fall color. plants reach four feet in height, on one to one and one-half feet tall Creamy white and blushed-pink similar to St. Cloud, but with less by three feet in diameter bushes berries with excellent taste and spread. Fruit ripens in early to mid- that require a pollinizer. Yields are aroma have a definitely crisp texture season. or “snap.” Pink Popcorn is the only slightly less than Northblue and pink blueberry available to tolerate Northcountry. Fruit ripens in early to USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 4. Fruit mid-season. ripens early to mid-season.

20 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-EXTENSION Pome Fruit type produced by the • ST. CLOUD This introduction from GLOSSARY apple, pear, quince, and other Minnesota is the largest of the Alternate bearing (biennial bearing) members of the subfamily half-highs, reaching four feet in Producing a heavy crop one year, Pomoidea. height and diameter when mature. followed by a light crop the next Probably the least winter-hardy half- year. Precocious The ability of a cultivar to begin bearing fruit at an early age. high because of the height. Berries Cane A one-year-old shoot. are slightly smaller than Northblue, Primocanes Raspberry shoots that Cane prune Grape pruning technique although yields are similar. The fruit grow up from underground buds where dormant canes with 8-15 is firm, and fresh and frozen quality or rhizomes during the current year. buds are left to produce shoots and are superior to Northblue. Fruit Fall-bearing raspberries bear fruit on fruit the following year. ripens in early to mid-season. these canes in the fall of the current Clingstone type Stone fruit cultivars year. with flesh that does not separate • SUPERIOR Introduced from the Rootstock The below-ground portion from the stone. University of Minnesota in 2009. of grafted trees which controls Small, sweet-tart berries are borne Cultivar The term now used tree size and tolerates various soil on medium-sized, spreading bushes. worldwide in horticulture to conditions and pests. Rootstocks are Fruit ripens in late season. describe a clonally propagated usually of the same species as the (cuttings, grafting, budding) variety. scion, but of a different origin. See A contraction of “cultivated variety.” also scion. “Variety” is the proper term used for Scion The above-ground portion of describing seed-grown plants with grafted trees which produces fruit. very similar characteristics (e.g., ‘Big See also rootstock. Boy’ tomato). Self-fruitful Capable of producing Diploid Having two copies of all a crop of fruit without cross- chromosomes. Compare to triploid. pollination. Floricanes Raspberry canes that have Self-incompatible A cultivar that is overwintered. Both summer- and not capable of producing a crop fall-bearing raspberries produce without pollen from a different fruit on these canes. See also cultivar (i.e., requiring a pollinizer) primocanes. Spur prune A grape pruning method Foxy The characteristic flavor of some where dormant canes are pruned to American grapes, or of the wine or one to three buds. juice made from them. Fruity, a bit herbal, and usually quite pungent. Spur-type Trees with fruiting spurs closer to each other than standard Freestone type Stone fruit cultivars cultivars. Typically these trees are with flesh that easily separates from slightly smaller than standard the stone. cultivars. Keeping quality A fruit’s ability to Triploid Having three copies of all retain acceptable firmness and flavor chromosomes. Triploids cannot be in refrigerated storage. used as pollinizers. Pollination The transfer of pollen from Winter hardiness The ability one flower to another. to withstand winter freezing Pollinator insects (such as conditions, including cold, rapidly- honeybees) that gather, carry, and fluctuating temperatures, and spread pollen. desiccating winds. Pollinizer The cultivar used as a source of pollen for cross-pollination.

21 HOME FRUIT CULTIVARS FOR SOUTHERN WISCONSIN Fedco Trees Lon’s Oregon Grapes NURSERIES P. O. Box 520 P. O. Box 365 This list of nurseries is provided as a Clinton, ME 04927 Aurora, OR 97002 convenience for our readers. It is not (207) 426-9900 (503) 678-1410 an endorsement by UW-Extension, www.fedcoseeds.com www.bunchgrapes.com nor is it exhaustive. The plant materi- als listed in this publication may be Henry Field’s Seed and Nursery McKay Nursery available from other equally suitable P. O. Box 397 P. O. Box 185 nurseries. Aurora, IN 47001 Waterloo, WI 53594 (513) 354-1494 (920) 478-2121 Adams County Nursery www.henryfields.com www.mckaynursery.com 26 Nursery Road P. O. Box 108 Aspers, PA 17304 Hartmann’s Plant Company Nourse Farms (800) 377–3106 P. O. Box 100 41 River Road www.acnursery.com Lacota, MI 49063 South Deerfield, MA 01373 (269) 253-4281 (413) 665-2658 Burnt Ridge Nursery www.hartmannsplantcompany. www.noursefarms.com 432 Burnt Ridge Road com Onalaska, WA 98570 Raintree Nursery (360) 985-2873 Indiana Berry and Plant Co. 391 Butts Road www.burntridgenursery.com 2811 Michigan Road Morton, WA 98356 Plymouth, IN 46563 (800) 391-8892 Cummins Nursery (800) 295-2226 www.raintreenursery.com 1408 Trumansburg Road www.indianaberry.com Ithaca, NY 14850 Stark Bro’s Nurseries and Orchards (607) 269-7664 J.W. Jung Seed Co. www.cumminsnursery.com 335 South High St. P. O. Box 1800 Randolph, WI 53956 Louisiana, MO 63353 C and O Nursery (800) 297-3123 (800) 325-4180 1700 N Wenatchee Avenue www.jungseed.com www.starkbros.com P. O. Box 116 Wenatchee, WA 98807-0116 Direct Gardening Schlabach’s Nursery (800) 232-2636 1704 Morrissey Drive 2784 Murdock Road www.c-onursery.com Bloomington, IL 61704 Medina, NY 14103 (309) 662-7943 (866) 600-5203 or (585) 798-6198 Farmer Seed and Nursery www.directgardening.com no website 818 Northwest 4th Street, Faribault, MN 55021 St. Lawrence Nurseries (507) 334-1623 P. O. Box 957 www.farmerseed.com Potsdam, NY 13676 (315) 261-1925 www.stlawrencenurseries.com Wagon Wheel Orchard 15380 Edgerton Road Gardner, KS 66030 (913) 893-6050 www.wagonwheelorchard.com

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HOME FRUIT CULTIVARS FOR SOUTHERN WISCONSIN Additional APPLES information Growing Apples in Wisconsin (A3565) For specific fruit crops, more infor- Apple Cultivars for Wisconsin (A2105) mation on cultural and pest control Apple Pest Management for Home requirements is available in the follow- Gardeners (A2179) ing Cooperative Extension publica- Apricots, Cherries, Peaches, Plums tions available through your UW- Growing Apricots, Cherries, Peaches, Extension county office or online at and Plums in Wisconsin (A3639) learningstore.uwex.edu. Apricot, Cherry, Peach, and Plum Pest SMALL FRUITS Management for Home Gardeners Currants, Gooseberries, Elderberries (A2130) Growing Currants, Gooseberries and Elderberries in Wisconsin (A1960) PEARS Growing Pears in Wisconsin (A2072) GRAPES Growing Grapes in Wisconsin (A1656) MISCELLANEOUS Rootstocks for Fruit Trees (A3561) Grape Pest Management for Home Gardeners (A2129)

RASPBERRIES Growing Raspberries in Wisconsin (A1610) Raspberry Pest Management for Home Gardeners (A2128)

STRAWBERRIES Growing Strawberries in Wisconsin (A1597) Strawberry Pest Management for Home Gardeners (A2127)

Copyright © 2017 by the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System doing business as the division of Cooperative Extension of the University of Wisconsin-Extension. All rights reserved. Authors: A. Atucha is an assistant professor of horticulture, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison and University of Wisconsin-Extension, Cooperative Extension. B.R. Smith is professor of horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Wisconsin-River Falls. J. van Zoeren is a Fruit Crop Extension Associate at University of Wisconsin–Madison. Cooperative Extension publications are subject to peer review. University of Wisconsin-Extension, Cooperative Extension, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Wisconsin counties, publishes this information to further the purpose of the May 8 and June 30, 1914, Acts of Congress. An EEO/AA employer, the University of Wisconsin-Extension, Cooperative Extension provides equal opportunities in employment and programming, including Title VI, Title IX and ADA requirements. If you have a disability and require this information in an alternative format, or if you would like to submit a copyright request, please contact Cooperative Extension Publishing at 432 N. Lake St., Rm. 227, Madison, WI 53706; pubs@ uwex.edu; or (608) 263-2770 (711 for Relay). This publication is available from your county UW-Extension office (counties.uwex.edu) or from Cooperative Extension Publishing. To order, call toll-free 1-877-947-7827 or visit our website at learningstore.uwex.edu.

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