Regional Infrastructure Development Agency Ministry of Public Works and Housing

BASELINE ANALYSIS REPORT BOOK 2 : FACTS AND FIGURES Volume 1 - Institutional and Legal, Regulatory, and Policy Framework Version 8 - September 25th, 2019

INTEGRATED TOURISM MASTERPLAN FOR LAKE TOBA

PUSAT PERENCANAAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN KEPARIWISATAAN sheils flynn asia INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG SARANABUDI BOOK II VOLUME 1 – BASELINE ANALYSIS Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I-i LIST OF TABLES ...... I-ii LIST OF FIGURES ...... I-iii INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL, REGULATORY, AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ...... I-1 1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PLANNING AUTHORITIES WITHIN THE DESTINATION...... I-2 1.1.1 General Development Planning ...... I-2 1.1.2 Spatial Development Planning (Land Use) ...... I-2 1.1.3 Tourism Development ...... I-2 1.1.4 Infrastructure Planning (Transportation and Utilities) ...... I-3 1.1.5 Environmental Management ...... I-4 1.1.6 Social and Cultural Management ...... I-6 1.2 IDENTIFICATION AND ENGAGEMENT OF STAKEHOLDERS ...... I-13 1.3 LEGAL, REGULATORY, AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ...... I-14 1.3.1 Spatial Planning Documents ...... I-14 1.3.2 Tourism Development Master Plan ...... I-29 1.3.3 Other Relevant Documents ...... I-41 1.3.4 Position and Role of Lake Toba in Regional Development Policies ...... I-71 1.3.5 Planning Document Review ...... I-72 APPENDIX I Stakeholder Engagement Plan ...... I-79 APPENDIX II Legal Framework ...... I-109 APPENDIX III Institutions and Laws Related to ITMP for Lake Toba ...... I-184

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1 Involved Institutions in Infrastructure Planning (National Level) ...... I-3 Table 1.2 Related Intitutions and Their Authorities in the Development of Lake Toba ...... I-7 Table 1.3 Development Themes and Concept of Urban Areas Around Lake Toba ...... I-43 Table 1.4 Potential Groundwater in Kabupaten Karo ...... I-60 Table 1.5 Potential Spring Water in Kabupaten Karo ...... I-61 Table 1.6 Potential Surface Water in Kabupaten Karo ...... I-62 Table 1.7 Potential River in Kabupaten Toba Samosir ...... I-62 Table 1.8 Raw Water Survey in Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara ...... I-63 Table 1.9 Water Supply Service Zone of Humbang Hasundutan ...... I-64 Table 1.10 Raw Water Potential in Kabupaten Samosir ...... I-65 Table 1.11 River Characteristics as Raw Water in Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat ...... I-65 Table 1.12 Spring Potential in Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat ...... I-66 Table 1.13 KTA Development in Regulatory Framework ...... I-71

Table 1.14 Opportunities and Constraints of Existing Regulations ...... I-74

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 The Relationship between Institutions for the Development of Lake Toba ... I-12 Figure 1.2 Combination of 8 Kabupatens’ Spatial Pattern Plan ...... I-20 Figure 1.3 Combination of 8 Kabupatens’ Spatial Structure Plan ...... I-21 Figure 1.4 Detailed Spatial Plan (RDTR) of Kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon ...... I-26 Figure 1.5 Detailed Spatial Plan (RDTR) of Kecamatan Pangururan ...... I-27 Figure 1.6 Detailed Spatial Plan (RDTR) of Kecamatan Balige ...... I-28 Figure 1.7 BPODT’s Roadmap for the Development of Lake Toba ...... I-40 Figure 1.8 Toba Caldera Geopark Zonation ...... I-46 Figure 1.9 Transportation System (2019) based on North Sumatra Tatrawil ...... I-49 Figure 1.10 Transportation System (2030) based on North Sumatra Tatrawil ...... I-50 Figure 1.11 Transportation Service Levels (2019) based on North Sumatra Tatrawil ...... I-51 Figure 1.12 Transportation Service Levels (2030) based on North Sumatra Tatrawil ...... I-52 Figure 1.13 Railways Development Plan of Sumatra Island ...... I-53 Figure 1.14 National Route from Pelni (2019) ...... I-54 Figure 1.15 The Relationship Between Planning Documents ...... I-73

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Volume1 INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL, REGULATORY, AND POLICY FRAMEWORK

Institutional and Legal, Regulatory, and Policy Framework I-1

BOOK II VOLUME 1 – BASELINE ANALYSIS Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PLANNING AUTHORITIES WITHIN THE DESTINATION There are many related aspects in the Lake Toba development, which include: general development planning, tourism development, spatial development planning, infrastructure (transportation and utilities) planning, environmental management, social and cultural management. Each of these aspects has different authorities involved, both at the national, provincial, and kabupaten levels.

General Development Planning On the national level general development planning is the responsibility of the National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas). Bappenas formulates the National Development Plan and evaluates its implementation. Next to Bappenas, the National Investment Coordination Board (Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal - BKPM) has an important responsibility to see to the best use of investment funds across sectors, in an integrated way. All the govern related issues are then synchronized by Ministry of Home Affairs, under the Directorate of Regional Affairs Synchronization III (Direktorat Sinkronisasi Urusan Daerah III). On the provincial level, the Regional Development Planning Agency (North Sumatra Bappeda) has analogous responsibilities with Bappenas on the national level, as have local level Bappeda’s for the Kabupatens.

Spatial Development Planning (Land Use) For spatial planning, the responsibility on national level rests with the Ministry of Agrarian and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (Kementerian Agraria Tata Ruang/ Badan Pertanahan Nasional). This institution responsible for the preparation/review the national spatial plan (RTRWN) and detailed spatial plan (RTR) in national level, including Sumatra Island Spatial Land (Rencana Tata Ruang Pulau Sumatera) and Lake Toba Spatial Plan as a National Strategic Area (Rencana Tata Ruang KSN Danau Toba). On the provincial level, the North Sumatra Development Planning Agency deals with formulating and implementing spatial plans and policies include for provincial strategic area spatial plan. On the Kabupaten level, the institution which deal with Kabupaten spatial plan (Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah – RTRW) and detailed spatial plan (Rencana Detail Tata Ruang – RDTR) is the Office of Public Works and Spatial Planning.

Tourism Development At general the Ministry of Tourism has the overall responsibility for tourism policy development on the national level, dealing with destination development, human resource development, and investment policies, including to visitor management in main World Heritage Sites (WHSs). In the case of the three tourism areas (Lombok, Borobudur, and Toba) to be developed as national priority destinations, the responsibility as acting Agency for the preparation of Integrated Tourism Master Plans (ITMPs) rests with RIDA (the Regional Infrastructure Development Agency, Ministry of Public Works and Housing). Because of the role tourism has to play to strengthen and diversify the Indonesian economy, the Ministry of Economic Affairs is also an important partner with regard to the development of Lake Toba as a priority national tourist destination, which supported by the formulation, determination and implementation of policies in the creative economy by Creative Economy Board.

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In order to provide integration within every stakeholder, The Tourism Management Authority of Lake Toba Area (BPODT) has the responsibility to coordinate all Government institutions involved in the development of the Lake Toba destination, on the national as well as sub- national level, and with special emphasis on effective implementation. The BPODT is not only involved with coordination of government institutions but is also responsible for coordination of private sector organizations as the Association of the Indonesian Hotels and Restaurants (Persatuan Hotel dan restoran Indonesia - PHRI), Association of the Indonesian Tourists Guide (HPI), the Association of Indonesian Tours and Travel Agencies (ASITA), Eco- tourism Operators, Transportation Operators and others. On the provincial level a Tourism Agency under the provincial government is in charge of tourism policy development and implementation. The Kabupatens have local level Tourism Agencies, with similar responsibilities as the provincial agency.

Infrastructure Planning (Transportation and Utilities) For infrastructure planning on the national level, including transportation and utilities, there are Ministry of Public Works and Housing (MPWH), Ministry of Transportation (MOTr), Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources involved. Not all directorates in the ministry are responsible for infrastructure planning. The specific directorates of each ministry that correlate with infrastructure planning can be shown in the following table.

Table 1. 1 Involved Institutions in Infrastructure Planning (National Level) INFASTRUCTURE INSTITUTIONS Roads • Directorate General Highway – Ministry of Public Works and Housing • Toll Roads Authority – Ministry of Public Works and Housing Transportation • Directorate General Land Transportation – Ministry of Transportation • Directorate General Air Transportation – Ministry of Transportation • Directorate General Sea Transportation – Ministry of Transportation • Directorate General Highway – Ministry of Transportation Drainage and flood • Directorate General Water Resources – Ministry of Public Works and control Housing • Directorate General Human Settlement – Ministry of Public Works and Housing Water supply • Directorate General Water Resources – Ministry of Public Works and Housing • Agency for Improving Operation of Drinking Water Supply Systems (BPPSPAM) – Ministry of Public Works and Housing Waste water • Directorate General Human Settlement – Ministry of Public Works and management and Housing solid waste management Power supply • Directorate General Electricity – Ministry of Energy and Mineral

Source: Secondary Survey, 2018

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On the provincial level as well as the kabupaten level there are also three agencies in charge of planning and implementation: Public Works Agency, Roads and Construction Agency, Energy and Mineral Agency, and Transportation Agency. Especially for water and power supply, there are local water companies (PDAM) and power supply companies (PLN) at Kabupaten level.

Environmental Management Environmental management is dealing with the physical and living environment. Under physical environment we understand mainly the quality of water (eutrophication, siltation, contamination and pollution), air (dust, toxic gasses, CO2) and soil (erosion and exhaustion of the soils) and also natural disaster risks (volcanic eruptions, earth quakes, landslides). Under living-environment we deal with the preservation and restoration of habitats and biodiversity (especially reforestation). On a national level three ministries are responsible: the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (including BKSDA), the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (Geological agency). Environmental managament based on the Act No. 32 of 2009 on protection and management of the environment (Undang-Undang No. 32 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup) with systematic and integrated effort carried out to preserve environmental functions and prevent pollution and / or environmental damage which includes planning, utilization, control, maintenance, supervision and law enforcement. The biodiversity and environment richness is very depicted in the landscape of North Sumatra. Various potentials, constraints, and environmental issues that must be faced in each landscape type, especially Lake Toba as an area dominated by geological sites from the supervolcano eruptions. Therefore, the implementation of North Sumatra's environmental management is inseparable from the obligations of all stakeholders, some of them are the management of conservation areas and natural resources carried out by the Natural Resources Conservation Agency (Balai Besar Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam - BBKSDA) of North Sumatra Province which is responsible to the Director General of KSDAE (P.8/MENLHK/Setjen/OTL.0/1/2016), and controling of environmental and forestry development in the ecoregions carried out by the Environmental and Forestry Control Center of Sumatra Ecoregion (Pusat Pengendalian Pembangunan Ekoregion/ P3E), under the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. In addition, the current management of production forest and protection forests is the responsibility of stakholder unit of production forest (KPHP) and stakholder unit of protected forest (KPHL) which are operational unit (UPTD) from Forestry Agency of North Sumatera Province. Forest management on site / field scale is the duty and function of the stakeholder unit (UPTD KPH) in Provincial and Kabupaten / City Forest level (Permendagri No. 61 of 2010). Meanwhile, the management / administration is a function of the Forestry Agency in Provincial and Kabupaten / City level (PP 44/2004). Along with the management of forest areas, the environmental quality control of North Sumatra is carried out by the Environmental Agency of North Sumatra (Dinas Lingkungan Hidup), which is under the local government of North Sumatra Province and Kabupaten level.

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Besides environmental and forest area management, Indonesia Government also establish National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), which is a ministerial level non-departmental government agency, and Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) which has function to do the disaster management and implementing unit in the Regional Government of North Sumatra, both on provincial level and kabupaten. It is based on facts that the natural condition of Indonesia which is located in the equator in a cross position between two continents and two oceans with natural conditions have various advantages, but on the other hand its position is in a region that has geographical, geological, hydrological and demographic conditions that are prone to disaster with a high frequency, so it requires systematic, integrated and coordinated handling. Regional capacity in the implementation of disaster management is an important parameter for determining success for disaster risk reduction. Regional capacity in disaster management must refer to the National Disaster Management System contained in Act No. 24 of 2007 on concerning Disaster Management (Undang-Undang No.24 Tahun 2007 Tentang Penanggulangan Bencana) and its derivative rules. The main functions of the BPBD are, formulating and stipulating disaster management policies, handling refugees by acting quickly and accurately, effectively and efficiently; and coordinating the implementation of planned, integrated and comprehensive disaster management activities. Conservation areas around Lake Toba include Sicike-cike (Nature Tourism Park), Sijaba Hutaginjang (Nature Tourism Park), Martelu Purba (Nature Reserve), and Aek Nauli (Forest for Special purpose). These areas are under the management of BBKSDA of North Sumatra Province and could be a potential ecosystem services and ecotourism site for the development of Lake Toba ITMP areas. BBKSDA of North Sumatra Province holds a function of management of conservation areas and natural resources in the North Sumatra work area based on the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation Number: P.02/Menhut-II/2007 concerning Organizations and Work Procedures of Technical Implementation Units for Conservation of Natural Resources, including inventory of potential, site planning, protection and security, controlling the impact of natural resource damage, forest fire control, controlling biodiversity circulation, coordinating the determination of biodiversity corridors, community empowerment, and etc. Besides managing, BBKSDA of North Sumatra Province is also active in promoting biodiversity and conservation education to the community and other stakeholders, both in the form of activities and in the form of active publications on its website. The programs for the management of conservation areas and natural resources are very important to be carried out for the sustainability of the conservation and limited utilization of various biodiversity and natural resources, both within the conservation area and its surrounding. The utilization of natural resources must be carried out wisely and based on the carrying capacity of the environment. Based on Minister of Forestry and Environment Regulation No. 18 of 2015, North Sumatra's natural resource utilization activities are under the supervision of the the Environmental and Forestry Control Center of Sumatra Ecoregion (P3E). The functions of P3E Sumatra include the formulation of technical policies to control ecoregion development, implementation of technical policies for development control, inventory and calculation of carrying capacity of natural and environmental resources in ecoregion areas, implementation of natural resource and environmental management planning in ecoregion areas, evaluation implementation and follow-up management of natural resources and the environment.

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In addition, P3E Sumatra also conducts socialization and publication of the carrying capacity based on ecosystem services for suitable future utilization. This information is very important for stakeholders in developing the region, especially in this case the Lake Toba ITMP. Therefore, planning and development process in accordance with the availability, carrying capacity and ecosystem services area should be the main concepts used to ensure the sustainability of the development of the Lake Toba ITMP area. In line with the management of conservation areas and natural resources as well as controlling environmental development and forestry, the management of the environmental quality of North Sumatra is carried out by Environmental Agency of North Sumatra Province. Based on North Sumatra Government Regulation No. 33 of 2017, the duties of Environmental Agency of North Sumatra Province are conducting environmental management studies, managing hazardous and toxic waste materials, waste management, environmental pollution and damage control, structuring and enhancing environmental capacity. Each year Environmental Agency of North Sumatra Province lists the priority environmental issues that must be managed intensively, for instance, the pollution and damages on Lake Toba ecosystem, forest and land fires, decreased carrying and environmental capacity, and urban waste problems. Environmental quality control is carried out based on the planning of 10 strategic activities to overcome the North Sumatra environmental quality issues, one of them is Lake Toba Ecosystem Conservation. On the provincial level the Forestry administration is responsible together with the provincial Environment and Agricultural Administration. Besides that, at the provincial level the Toba Geopark Management Board is in charge of protecting, developing and operating the geosites as world heritage and as one of the key assets of Lake Toba as a National Tourism Destination. The Kabupaten level has forestry administrations and environmental and agricultural administrations in a similar way as the province. Besides that, While the environment of Toba needs urgent attention, some communities have started to work on this issue. One of the examples is Taman Eden (Eden Park) which was initiated by individual whose concern with Toba environment and community welfare. Established on around 40 hectares of land in Lumbanjulu, Kabupaten Toba Samosir , the owner has planted different kind of species including flora endemic to Toba, such as orchid and andaliman (typical spices for Batak culinary). In this park, visitors can plant trees and visit regularly to observe their growth. Because of the nice environment of the park, this area become the home of a population of monkey. Currently, Taman Eden is one of the famous and favorit tourism destination in Toba area.

Social and Cultural Management Social management is dealing with social harmony, welfare, interests of vulnerable groups and indigenous peoples, gender issues, relations between immigrants and local communities. The Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration is responsible at national level for local communities and indigenous peoples. The Ministry of Manpower is responsible for development of the tourism sector workforce in a quantitative as well as qualitative sense. On the provincial level the competence of social management is assigned to 3 administrations: the administration for Cooperatives and SMEs, the Administration for

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Manpower and Transmigration and the Education administration. Similar administrations are active at kabupaten level. Cultural management deals with cultural heritage (both material and immaterial), arts and crafts and education and capacity building. Cultural management is on the national level the competence of the Ministry of Education and Culture. On provincial level it is the administration for Education that it is responsible. On kabupaten a similar administration is active. Based on the identification of planning authorities within the Lake Toba region, the summary of Institutions for national and regional level related to the development of the region and their authorities are shown as follows.

Table 1. 2 Related Intitutions and Their Authorities in the Development of Lake Toba

No. Institution Authorities Central Government 1 National Planning and Formulate and evaluate the implementation of national Development Agency development plans in the Lake Toba Area as a national (Bappenas) strategic area 2 Investment Coordinating Board Allocate sectoral investment for the development of the (BKPM) Lake Toba Area 3 Ministry of Public Works and Manage government affairs in public works and housing Housing (MPWH) sector a. Directorate General Water Carry out the formulation and implementation of policies Resources in water resource management sector, including in the provision of raw water, protection of the lake and its surrounding area b. Directorate General Highway Carry out the formulation and implementation of policies in the road sector, especially in the construction and maintenance of national roads and coordinate the provision of roads in the Lake Toba National Strategic Area and its surrounding area c. Directorate General Human Carry out the formulation of policy implementation in Settlement settlement area development sector, building structuring, development of drinking water supply systems, development of domestic wastewater management systems and environmental drainage, and waste in accordance with statutory regulations d. Regional Infrastructure To implement technical policy and strategy integration Development Agency between the development of the Lake Toba Area with public works infrastructure and public housing 4 Ministry of Tourism Carry out government affairs in tourism sector at the national level through the development of tourism destinations, resource development, and investment policies including visitor management in the cultural heritage area in the Lake Toba Area 5 Lake Toba Authority • Manage their authoritative areas Implementation Agency • Develop the Lake Toba Tourism Area as a national (BPODT) tourism strategic area • Coordinate all government institutions involved in the development of the Lake Toba Tourism Area

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No. Institution Authorities • Coordinate the Indonesian Hotels and Restaurants Association (PHRI), the Indonesian Tour Guide Association (HPI), the Indonesian Travel Companies Association (ASITA), ecotourism operators, transportation operators, and other private sector organizations 6 Ministry of Agrarian and Spatial Carry out government affairs in agrarian and spatial Planning (ATR/BPN) planning especially in organizing spatial planning in the Lake Toba Region as a national strategic area 7 Coordinating Ministry for Carry out coordination, synchronization, and control of Economic Affairs ministry affairs in the administration of the economy in the field of development of the region as a national strategic area 8 Ministry of Finance Carry out government affairs in the state finance for the implementation of development in Lake Toba 9 Indonesian Creative Economy Formulate, determine, coordinate and synchronize tourism Agency (Bekraf) development policies in the Lake Toba Region in the creative economy 10 Ministry of Transportation Carry out government affairs in the transportation sector, including the formulation of national policies, implementation policies, and technical policies in the field of transportation, whether land, sea, or air transportation that support the development of the Lake Toba Region as a national strategic area 11 Ministry of Village Development, Carry out government affairs in the rural development Disadvantaged Region, and sector, as well as empowering rural communities in Transmigration supporting the development of tourism in the Lake Toba Area 13 Ministry of Energy and Mineral • Conduct an inventory, provision of data and Reources information on geo-heritage potential for geopark development • Protect, develop and operate geosite as a world heritage and as one of the main assets of Lake Toba 14 Ministry of Agriculture Carry out government affairs in agriculture, including maintaining agricultural productivity for national food security, and protecting agricultural land for sustainable food 15 Ministry od Environment and • Address environmental management, including Forestry conservation and pemijijan habits and biodiversity • Protect, develop and operate geosite as a world heritage and as one of the main assets of Lake Toba as a national tourism destination a. Environmental and Forestry • Control the development of environment and forestry Control Center of Sumatra in ecoregion Ecoregion • Formulate technical policies to control ecoregion development, implement technical policies to control development, carry out inventory and calculation of the carrying capacity of natural resources and the environment in the ecoregion region, implement natural resource planning and environmental

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No. Institution Authorities management in ecoregion areas, and implement evaluation and follow-up management natural resources and the environment • Carry out socialization and publication of carrying capacity based on ecosystem services for future use b. Natural Resources • Manage conservation areas and natural resources, Conservation Agency (BKSDA) conservation areas around Lake Toba include Sicike- cike (Nature Tourism Park) Sijaba Hutaginjang (Nature Tourism Park), Martelu Purba (Nature Reserve), and Aek Nauli (forests for special purposes) • Promote biodiversity and conservation education to the community and other stakeholders, both in the form of activities and in the form of active publications on its website 16 Ministry of Education and Carry out government affairs in the early childhood, basic, Culture secondary, and community education, as well as cultural management, including for the education curriculum 17 Ministry of Social Affairs Carry out affairs in the field of social rehabilitation, social security, social empowerment, and social protection, one of which is to support the development of tourism based on community empowerment 18 Ministry of Manpower Carry out government affairs in manpower sector including planning, research, and development regarding labor at the national level that supports the development of tourism 19 National Disaster Management • Provide results of mapping threats, vulnerabilities, and Authority capacities, and disaster risks, including those in the Lake Toba and surrounding areas • Formulate and determine a planned, integrated and comprehensive disaster management and management policy Provincial Level Government 1 Planning and Development • Develop provincial development planning Agency (Bappeda) • Carry out control and evaluation for the implementation of provincial development plans • Coordinate the preparation and implementation of inter-city or kabupaten development plans at the provincial level 2 Toba Caldera Geopark Carry out management and preservation of the Toba Management Agency Caldera Geopark as one of the world heritages 3 Spatial Planning and Public • Coordinate with cities/kabupatens in the provincial Work Agency level for the preparation and implementation of provincial spatial plans • Compile spatial plans at the provincial level • Carry out construction and maintenance related to public works (roads, provision of clean water and drinking water, waste management, provision of drainage, etc.) 4 Tourism Agency Develop and formulate regional tourism development plans and programs

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No. Institution Authorities 5 Cooperative and Micro, Small, • Empower cooperatives and small and medium and Medium Enterprises Agency businesses • Supervise and inspect the organization of cooperatives and small and medium businesses • Conduct co-operative training and creative small business management • Promote small and medium businesses that develop in the area 6 Environmental Agency • Prepare monitoring documents related to the environment which is a recapitulation of district data • Monitor and control pollution and environmental damage including environmental damage and Lake Toba water • Formulate regional policies and monitor the burden of Lake Toba pollution 7 Manpower Agency Conduct planning, research, and development of manpower especially those that support the development of Lake Toba tourism 8 Education Agency Organize education and cultural management at the provincial level for improving human resources quality to support Lake Toba tourism 9 Transportation Agency • Supervise public transportation management • Build and maintain regional roads and public facilities at the provincial level 10 Agrocultural Agency Carry out the development of the agricultural sector in the province primarily to support food security and the implementation of sustainable food agriculture 11 Forestry Agency Formulate policies on forest conservation, biological resources, and ecosystem management a. Production Forest Management Unit Carry out management and protection of protected forest b. Protected Forest Management areas and production forests Unit 12 Regional Disaster Management • Carry out disaster management and management in Agency North Sumatra • Formulate and determine disaster management policies • Coordinate the implementation of planned, integrated and comprehensive disaster management activities Kabupaten Level Government 1 Regency Planning and • Formulate kabupaten development plans Development Agency • Implement and control kabupaten development plans and coordinate them with development plans at a higher level 2 Tourism and Culture Agency • Formulate kabupaten tourism development programs 3 Spatial Planning and Public • Compile kabupaten spatial plans by referring to the Work Agency planning documents on it • Build and maintain public infrastructure such as kabupaten and local roads, public facilities, and so on

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No. Institution Authorities 4 Manpower, Cooperatives, Small • Empower cooperatives and small businesses and Medium Enterprises • Conduct cooperative and creative small and medium business training • Promote small medium businesses • Conduct planning, research, and workforce development at the kabupaten level 5 Environment Agency • Prepare monitoring documents related to the kabupaten’s environment • Monitor and control pollution and environmental damage including the damage to the environment for related kabupatens • Develop local policies and monitor the impact of Lake Toba pollution for related kabupatens • Carry out environmental management and improvement within the kabupaten 6 Educational Agency Organize education and cultural management for improving human resources quality to support Lake Toba tourism at the kabupaten level 7 Transportation Agency • Supervise public transportation provided • Provide road facilities (street lighting, road signs/signs, traffic signs, road dividers) in the kabupaten 8 Agricultural Agency Carry out the development of the agricultural sector in the regency especially to support food security and the implementation of sustainable food agriculture

Source: Team Analysis, 2018

All related stakeholders in the development of Lake Toba will basically form an interrelated coordination relationship as shown in the following figure. Based on the diagram, it can be identified that there are 3 (three) levels of planning, that are local, province, and national level. At the local (city/kabupaten) level, planning is carried out by involving all relevant sectors where spatial plans will be coordinated by the Spatial Planning and Public Works Agency which then coordinated with Bappeda. Planning between the kabupatens will be coordinated by the province through North Sumatra Bappeda and also involves other provincial offices in the implementation process. At the national level, as a national priority tourism destination, planning authority of Lake Toba is under Bappenas coordination. Bappenas refererred to spatial planning documents prepared by Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/ National Land Agency which coordinated with Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing regarding to public infrastructure provision and Ministry of Tourism to tourism development. These four institutions are the core institutions in the preparation of Lake Toba’s development plan, in addition to other technical ministries. In addition, investment planning and financing process is carried out under the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs in collaboration with the Ministry of Finance.

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COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINISTRY OF FINANCE ECONOMIC AFFAIRS MINERAL RESOURCES MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURAL MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND FORESTRY MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION NATIONAL PLANNING AND MINISTRY OF VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT AGENCY DEVELOPMENT, DISADVANTAGED REGION, AND TRANSMIGRATION MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND CULTURAL MINISTRY OF SOCIAL AFFAIRS MINISTRY OF MANPOWER MINISTRY OF PUBLIC MINISTRY OF AGRARIAN MINISTRY OF TOURISM INDONESIAN CREATIVE WORKS AND HOUSING AND SPATIAL PLANNING ECONOMY AGENCY

NATIONAL

LAKE TOBA AUTHORITY PROVINCIAL PLANNING AND SPATIAL PLANNING AND PUBLIC TOURISM AGENCY IMPLEMENTATION DEVELOPMENT AGENCY WORKS provide input for AGENCY provincial spatial plans and provision of public infrastructure TOBA CALDERA GEOPARK provide input for spatial MANAGEMENT AGENCY planning and public infrastructure in the REGENCY PLANNING AND district DEVELOPMENT AGENCY provide input for tourism development in the district provide input for spatial plans PROVINCE and provision of public infrastructure throughout the district coordinate for tourism development COMMUNITY AND PRIVATE TRANSPORTATION SPATIAL PLANNING AND PUBLIC TOURISM AND CULTURAL AGENCY SECTORS AGENCY WORK AGENCY coordinate for coordinate for Association of Indonesian Hotels transportation tourism and Restaurants development development coordinate for coordinate for the environmental The Indonesian Tourists Guide development of Association management, human resources forestry, and Association of Indonesian Tours and business people and Travel Agencies agriculture coordination EDUCATIONAL AGENCY, Eco-tourism operator ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCY, MANPOWER AGENCY, AND Transportation operator input AGRICULTURAL AGENCY, COOPERATIVE AND MICRO, coordinate for human FORESTRY AGENCY SMALL, AND MEDIUM Community resource development part of ENTERPRISES AGENCY KABUPATEN Figure 1. 1 The Relationship between Institutions for the Development of Lake Toba

Source: Team Analysis, 2019

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1.2 IDENTIFICATION AND ENGAGEMENT OF STAKEHOLDERS A stakeholder is a person, group, or organization that is actively involved in a development area, is affected by its outcome, or can influence its outcome directly or indirectly. Stakeholders in this project consist of governments, state owned enterprises, private sector, communities and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO). Involved stakeholders in Lake Toba consist of government, private sector, and public. Following is the description of the parties involved:

1. The Central Government consists of the Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs, the National Planning and Development Agency (Bappenas), the Ministry of Public Works and Housing, the Ministry of Tourism, the Lake Toba Authority Implementation Agency (BPODT), the Ministry of Agrarian and Spatial Planning, Ministry of Transportation, Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM), Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Environment and Forestry (LHK), Ministry of Education and Culture, Ministry of Social Affairs, and Ministry of Manpower. While the Regional Government consists of the Regional Planning and Development Agency (Bappeda), Toba Caldera Geopark Management Agency, Office of Public Works and Spatial Planning, Tourism Office, Regional Cooperative and Small/Medium Enterprises Office, Regional Office of Environmental Services, Regional Manpower Office, Regional Education Office, Regional Transportation Office Regional Agricultural Offices, and Regional Forestry Office. 2. The private sector consists of the Association of the Indonesian Hotels and Restaurants (Perhimpunan Hotel dan Restoran Indonesia - PHRI), Association of the Indonesian Tourists Guide (Himpunan Pramuwisata Indonesia - HPI), the Association of Indonesian Tours and Travel Agencies (ASITA), Eco-tourism Operators, and Transportation Operators; and 3. The community consists of tourism awareness community (Kelompok sadar wisata – Pokdarwis), University of Sumatera Utara, IT Del, Profession Certification Agencies, Industry Certification Agencies, Yayasan Pecinta Danau Toba, Perkumpulan Gaja Toba Semesta, and other local communities.

With the stakeholders the planning process will be organized according to participatory principles. In the Stakeholder Engagement Approach Plan that was delivered with the Inception Report, all stakeholders have been included: responsible Government Agencies as indicated in the previous section, as well as other stakeholders. In this section all stakeholders will be listed, beginning with the Government Agencies, at National, Provincial and Kabupaten level, followed by private sector stakeholders (both big enterprises and SME) and community stakeholders. For each stakeholder their role has been ascertained, in general and specifically in the framework of the ITMP Lake Toba project, together with an indication of the expected outputs from each stakeholder, and the way the stakeholder in question will be approached and engaged in the planning process. There are several mechanisms for stakeholder engagement. The most intensive way to do so is involve stakeholders in a ‘co-design’ process. Co-design sessions are held in an informal atmosphere, stimulating free discussions and the release of maximum creativity. Participants are encouraged to ‘think out of the box’ and be responsive to each other’s interests, opportunities and constraints. Generally, the stakeholders approached in this way will be a

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BOOK II VOLUME 1 – BASELINE ANALYSIS Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba core group of Ministerial Agencies (such as the various Departments of the Ministry of MPWH, the Ministry of Tourism, and the Ministries of Education and Culture, and of Environment and Forestry), and also a number of Provincial Agencies and Kabupaten Agencies (in the first place the ones dealing with development planning). A second way to engage stakeholders is consultation. This will be the way other Government Agencies will be approached in the first place, but also cooperative organization of private sector stakeholders as well as NGOs may be involved in this way. The third way stakeholders will be approached are forums and focus group discussions. These are particularly suited for SME-stakeholders and community-stakeholders. These will be involved in groups that do not exceed the maximum size that has to be observed for effective discussions in which each participant gets the opportunity to be heard. Closely related to the forums and focus group discussions are interviews and questionnaires, as well as one-to-one discussions with key-informers and influencers. The Stakeholder Engagement Approach Plan is attached as Appendix I to this Report.

1.3 LEGAL, REGULATORY, AND POLICY FRAMEWORK The legal framework consists of plans and other policy documents, issued at the three Government levels mentioned above, and also at the kabupaten level. In this chapter relevant documents will be listed and briefly summarized, focusing on Lake Toba related content. More extensive accounts of their contents are to be found in Appendix II. A more general discussion of the way tourism is incorporated in the institutional framework of the Government is to be found in Appendix III.

Spatial Planning Documents Spatial planning documents provide the context for the position and role of the Lake Toba within spatial structures and spatial occupation patterns. The spatial plan documents that need to be taken into account are the National Spatial Plan (Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah), Spatial Plan of North Sumatra Province, National Strategic Spatial Plan of Lake Toba (KSN- RTR) as well as the spatial plans of kabupatens where Lake Toba is located and detailed spatial plan (RDTR).

1.3.1.1 Position and Role of Lake Toba in the National Spatial Plan (RTRW) The National Spatial Plan is based on the Government Regulation No. 13 of 2017 about amendment of the Government Regulation No. 26 of 2008 on National Spatial Planning. In the National Spatial Plan, Lake Toba and its surroundings is designated as a National Strategic Area (KSN) in terms of environmental interests. With this designation, Lake Toba has to maintain and improve the balance of ecosystems and to preserve biodiversity, the uniqueness of the landscape, and the cultural heritage. The development strategy of the National Spatial Plan is directed at: - Establishing a national strategic area as basis for protection - Preventing space utilization within national strategic areas that may reduce the function of protected areas

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- Limiting the use of space in surrounding areas that have the potential to have a negative impact on the function of protected areas - Limiting the development of infrastructure and facilities in and around national strategic areas that can trigger the development of cultivation activities - Developing non-built cultivation activities around the national strategic area that may function as a buffer zone that separates protected areas from built cultivation areas - Rehabilitating declined functions of protected areas due to the negative impact of land use that has developed in and around national strategic areas

These six strategies are specifically directed at efforts to rehabilitate or revitalize Lake Toba and its surroundings. This shows that the development in the Lake Toba Region has already led to conditions that are degraded and harmful to the surrounding environment, so that these need to be reversed and the protected function restored. Designation of the Lake Toba Region as KSN makes proper spatial planning of this region a national priority as it has a very important influence on environmental sustainability. This is because, Lake Toba is the largest lake in Indonesia that, in addition to maintaining the balance of water use, is also a centre for the development of the local culture of the people of North Sumatra. For this reason, in the strategic spatial planning of KSN-RTR, Lake Toba and its surroundings are directed at development of phase II for rehabilitation or revitalization of the area from the standpoint of environmental interests. In addition, the designation of the Lake Toba area as KSN has the consequence that the spatial planning of kabupatens or cities around Lake Toba must take the National Strategic Spatial Plan of Lake Toba as a reference. Aside from being a KSN, Kabupaten that included in Lake Toba Region are also a part of the national urban system, namely as Regional Activity Centers (Pusat Kegiatan Wilayah - PKW). The PKWs that have been determined are Sidikalang and Balige with the following roles and functions, to serve as: - Center for industrial and service activities that serve the Province or several Kabupatens - Node for both export and import activities that support PKN - Transportation node that serves the province or several kabupatens

The concept for KTA (Key Tourism Area) has been defined in the World Bank Report as being a cluster of attractions with potential for tourism development and propensity to generate overnight stays and revenue and/or (existing and future) key accommodation areas. It is not an official concept in the National Spatial Plan.

1.3.1.2 Spatial Plan of the National Strategic Area of Lake Toba (KSN-RTR) Based on the designation of Lake Toba as a National Strategic Area in the National RTRW document, the process of drafting a detailed plan in the form of a RTR has been carried out in the Presidential Regulation No. 81 of 2014 concerning the Spatial Planning of the Lake Toba and its surrounding. This document is a spatial document at the national level detailing the plan to rehabilitate and revitalize the Lake Toba area, so that it can serve as an operational tool of the National RTRW and as a coordination tool for the implementation of policies in the Lake Toba area to improve environmental quality, social culture and community welfare. As such, the RTR document provides guidelines for the following activities in the Lake Toba Region:

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- Preparation of development plans - Spatial planning for the Province and for Kabupatens - Realization of the integration of linkages, of the balance of development between Kabupatens, and of the inter-sector harmony - Determination of the location and function of investments - Regional development management - Integration of the development of the Lake Toba Region with the surrounding areas

The boundaries of KSN are based on the Lake body and the surrounding catchment areas (Daerah Tangkapan Air - DTA) and CAT. The map also shows the Regional Activity Centres (PKW) as mentioned above. The KSN area is spread over eight kabupaten: Karo, Simalungun, Toba Samosir, Tapanuli Utara, Humbang Hasundutan, Samosir, Dairi, and Pakpak Bharat. A table providing further details can be seen in Appendix II (table 1). In the Lake Toba KSN-RTR planning document, the Lake Toba Region is directed at: (1) preservation of Lake Toba as a ‘living water’ (Aek Natio) of the community, ecosystem, and village area of the Batak indigenous community, and (2) development of World-scale tourism integrated with the control of occupation and cultivation areas in accordance with the carrying capacity of the environment and adaptive to natural disasters. In this regard, the regional spatial planning policy is directed at: - Maintaining quantity stability and controlling water quality of the lake - Preservation of important ecosystems of the Lake and surrounding waters - Preservation of the village area and culture of the Batak indigenous people - Development and control of the use of high-end tourism areas and mass tourism areas with international, national and regional attractions, that are adaptive to natural disasters - Control of the fisheries in the lake - Maintenance of food crop farming areas for food security - Control of community-based and environmentally friendly livestock, horticultural and plantation cultivation areas - Realization of cooperation in managing and maintaining the quality of the environment, marketing the production of cultivation areas, and improving infrastructure and facilities between regions

Each of these directions has been turned into a set of strategies, as summarized below:

Maintaining quantity stability and controlling water quality Strategies aiming at quantity stability are in the first place directed at flood prevention, by enhancing the absorption capacity of the soil: conservation and rehabilitation of forests and control of the development of nearby villages; protection of ground water recharge areas; control of land use surrounding river sources and flows; establishment of sediment traps; and protection of soil cover of steep slopes. Water quality strategies involve prevention of pollution and contamination by control of water utilization; control of aquaculture and livestock husbandry; and control of discharge of waste water, chemicals, and hazardous and toxic substances along with proper management of solid waste. Water quality also involves rehabilitation strategies using vegetation along

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BOOK II VOLUME 1 – BASELINE ANALYSIS Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba the Lake shore and bio-filtration to eliminate eutrophication, and using diatomaceous soils to reduce turbidity. To make sure that these strategies are effective to set-up and maintain a network of monitoring points is had to be set up and maintained. Preservation of ecosystems and their surroundings These are mainly strategies aiming at nature conservation on the level of both species and habitats, for land as well as water systems. An important element is the development of an arboretum for the preservation of typical endemic trees and plants. Also countering the spread of water hyacinth is part of the eco-system preservation strategies. Preservation of the village area and culture of the Batak indigenous people Strategies to preserve and revitalize traditional Batak villages and sites, including the architecture of residential areas facing the Lake. On the village level infrastructure and services need improvement: health care, education, drinking water, sanitation, electricity, telecommunication, and green spaces. Another strategy aims at establishing an international centre for Batak culture. High-end mass tourism areas with international, national and regional attractions, that are adaptive to natural disasters These strategies aim at developing and revitalising the destination based on a distinction between low lying areas directly on the Lake, the high plateau above, and the slopes in between. For each the appropriate accommodation and facilities should be developed: access, services, and utilities, based on assets of culture and landscape, especially the lake view. All accommodations, attractions and infrastructure should be disaster adaptive. Control of the fisheries in the Lake The key issue for aquaculture strategies is to meet class I water quality standards. This entails specific strategies for each depth zone. Where the depth is less than 30 m no fisheries are to be allowed as this is the natural habitat for many aquatic animal species and the fish spawning zone of the Lake. At a depth of between 30 and 100 m control of fisheries has to be in accordance with the carrying capacity as derived from the class I standard. In zones deeper than 100 m the control of fisheries must take into account the function as decomposer zone for natural ecosystems. Maintenance of food crop farming areas for food security These strategies are directed at food security by protecting irrigated land and maintaining irrigation infrastructure, and also by stabilising land on 25-35% slopes by applying a terracing system. They also aim at promoting organic and sustainable agriculture as a way to control pollution of the Lake. Control of community-based and environmentally friendly livestock, horticultural and plantation cultivation areas Strategies for these types of agriculture aim at combining competitiveness with environmentally friendly practices, do not surpass the carrying capacity of the environment and are in line with local conditions and climate. The strategies also concern preventing damage to forests and water pollution. For that reason waste water treatment facilities especially for farming areas need to be developed.

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Cooperation in managing and maintaining environmental quality, marketing products of cultivation areas, and improving infrastructure and facilities between regions Various strategies concern cooperation as a crucial condition for success. This is especially true for those developments that affect more than one Kabupaten, so that inter-Kabupaten coordination is necessary to work in an effective and efficient way. Among the fields where cooperation is needed are the management of water resources, the implementation of water quality standards for the Lake (based on its class I status), the provision of drinking water, and the treatment of waste water. Also the inter-regional system for solid waste management belongs to this category, as does the intra- and inter-regional multi-modal transportation system. Further fields for strategic cooperation are in the fields of promotion of culture, tourism and creative economy between kabupaten, of increasing the added value of production, marketing and packaging of superior commodities, and of promotion of investment opportunities. A third group of strategies under this heading concerns the control of physical development, aiming at proper control of building permits for zones along roads and along the banks of the Lake, together with control of residential areas and countering urban sprawl. A further elaboration of the strategies represented above is given in Table 2 of Appendix II. According to the KSN-RTR the strategies inform four kinds of planning: (1) a Spatial Structure Plan; (2) a Spatial Pattern Plan; (3) a Service Centres System Plan; and (4) an Infrastructure Network Plan. The system of Activities Centres For the planning of Activities Centres the KSN-RTR defines three levels: primary, secondary and tertiary, with a subdivision of the primary level into primary regional centres (PKW) and primary local centres (LKW). As already mentioned above, according to the KSN-RTR there are two primary regional activity centres: Sidikalang and Balige. In addition, primary local centres are Tarutung, Parapat, Merek, Pangururan, and Dolok Sanggul. Balige, Pangururan, and Parapat are part of Key Tourism Area (KTA). At the secondary level according to the KSN-RTR there are twelve local activity centres, and at the teriary level 32 local activity centres. These are listed in table 3 of Appendix II.

1.3.1.3 Spatial Plan of North Sumatra The Spatial Plan of North Sumatra is based on Local Government Regulation No. 2 of 2017 about the Spatial Planning for the North Sumatra Province. In the North Sumatra Province Spatial Plan, the Lake Toba Region is designated as one of the Provincial Strategic Areas (KSP). The designation as KSP supports the establishment – at the national level as described before – of this region as a KSN. As for this spatial document, the designation as KSP does not only look at the regional strategy from the environmental side, but also from the socio-cultural and economic point of view. This strategic choice is based on the consideration that Lake Toba needs not only to maintain a balanced water system, but should also preserve ethnic cultural identity, and develop tourism activities.

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The implementation of these three regional strategies shows different stages of development in accordance with developing strategic issues. Environmental and economic management are still in an early stage of development with a focus on developing or improving the quality of the area, while the socio-cultural development is already in a more advanced stage. There are differences between the approach at the Provincial level of the KSP and at the National level for the KSN. According to the National Spatial Plan for the KSN the efforts are directed at rehabilitation or revitalization, while in the North Sumatra Province Spatial Plan the policy for the KSP is more development and improvement oriented. With this development focus the provincial policy for KSP Lake Toba is directed at: - Maintaining environmental sustainability and restoring the balance of the ecosystem, by proper management of the area, and by improvement and restoring ecosystems of protected areas - Developing superior economic sectors through strengthening competitiveness and product diversification, focusing on areas that have the potential to spur economic growth in the region and to encourage equitable regional development

With the determination of the Lake Toba Region and its surroundings as Provincial Strategic Area, the handling of the development of the Lake Toba Area is one of the Provincial priorities. This means that the implementation of spatial planning in the Kabupatens or cities that are part of the Lake Toba Region must refer to the Provincial KSP policies. Moreover Lake Toba has also become part of the urban and growth centers system of the Province. In this regard one regional (PKW) and four local (PKL) growth centres have been designated: - PKW Promosi Tarutung - PKL Dolok Sanggul - PKL Pangururan - PKL Siborong-borong - PKL Merek

These regional and local growth centers serve activites at the city and kabupaten level. They are supplemented by tertiary service centers that are developed to cover the area in a more efficient way. To the concept of growth centers the concept of KTAs as defined in the World Bank report has to be related. Not all growth centers are KTAs but all selected KTAs (existing and potential) have a growth center. Those tourism accommodations and attractions for which location in a center is suitable are to be located in that growth center.

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Figure 1. 2 Combination of 8 Kabupatens’ Spatial Pattern Plan

COMBINATION OF 8 KABUPATENS’ SPATIAL PATTERN PLAN 1.2

SPATIAL PATTERN PLAN

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Figure 1. 3 Combination of 8 Kabupatens’ Spatial Structure Plan

COMBINATION OF 8 KABUPATENS’ 1.3 SPATIAL STRUCTURE PLAN

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1.3.1.4 Spatial Planning Documents at Kabupaten Level Below kabupatens spatial planning policies are summarized. More detailed descriptions are to be found in Table 4 to Table 17 of Appendix II. Kabupaten Karo The Spatial Plan of Kabupaten Karo is based on Technical Document of Kabupaten Karo Spatial Plan in 2009. In the Kabupaten Karo Spatial Plan, the Lake Toba area is designated as a Strategic Area at Kabupaten level (KSK) because of its importance for the the function and carrying capacity of the environment. This designation is supported by policies and strategies for spatial planning that aim at preservation of environmental functions and restoration of the balance of the ecosystem. This should go together with cultivation activities in accordance with the carrying capacity of the environment, and with the development of strategic areas in the kecamatan for economic, social and cultural growth. In addition to these general policies sectoral policies are formulated such as better connections to Samosir Island, specific water resources management in the Kecamatan Merek. A zone of 50 to 100 m along the coast of the Lake is designated as Local Protected Areas. With regard to water resources management, the Toba Lake area is directed as a fishery area supplying fish to the local market. The development of fisheries needs facilities and infrastructure, especially for inland fisheries. Kabupaten Simalungun Based on Local Government Regulation No. 10 of 2012 about Kabupaten Simalungun Spatial Plan for 2011 – 2031, the Toba Lake area is designated as a National Strategic Area (KSN) of economic and environmental interest. This is in line with the goal of Kabupaten Simalungan spatial planning, to realize a safe, comfortable, productive and sustainable kabupaten area based on agriculture, agro-industry and tourism through the utilization of natural resources and paying attention to environmental sustainability. Spatial planning policies and strategies support this designation of the Lake Toba area in terms of economy and environment. In doing so optimizing urban land use and equitable development of strategic areas are important principles. In this document, the policy of transportation related with Lake Toba Development is Tigaras development as ferry port with the main function to support tourism areas oriented to Lake Toba. In spatial pattern plan, Lake Toba is directed as protection area of water resources (springs, rivers, lake) and prevention as well as mitigation to the risk of natural disasters such as flooding, landslides and forest fires. Kabupaten Samosir Based on Technical Document of the Kabupaten Samosir Spatial Plan 2016, the Toba Lake area is also indicated as a National Strategic Area (KSN) that in this case is designated as a Provincial Strategic Area in terms of economic, social and cultural growth, and preservation of environmental functions and carrying capacity. Policies and strategies are in line with this designation: protection of areas along the banks of the Lake, developing on-land fisheries, and developing water-oriented residential areas in accordance with the environmental carrying capacity. This requires network strengthening for transportation, water and energy, and also the development of a disaster evacuation route plan.

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The Toba Lake area is also designated as a Kabupaten strategic area in terms of geological, social, cultural and cultural heritage. An important location is the Geosite, Lake Toba Caldera Cliff Fault Geo-Site including the Tele Penatapan area in Kecamatan Harian and the entire Toba Lake natural tourism area in the Kabupaten Samosir. The program to realize the Toba Caldera Geopark should be integrated with general programs for tourism areas: - Protection of geodiversity and environmental conservation (natural and cultural) - Sustainable growth and development of the local economy through the development of the tourism industry with as main icon Geotourism - Continuous education and research related to geology, biology, culture at large (as well as other matters concerning people's lives) - Promotion of the earth's heritage (geology, biology, and culture) to the general public (Indonesia and the world), for example development of mini museums in public places (ferry ports/docks), and the construction of a stone wall in government-owned office buildings

Kabupaten Toba Samosir In the Spatial Plan of the Kabupaten Toba Samosir, based on Local Government Regulation No. 12 of 2017 about Kabupaten Toba Samosir Spatial Plan for 2017 – 2037, Lake Toba area is designated as a Provincial Strategic Area. The designation as KSP aims at supporting the KSN, in such a way that the Toba Lake area becomes a strategic area with major importance for the function and carrying capacity of the environment. The Toba Lake area gets development priority because it has a strategic value towards the growth of the whole Kabupaten. According to the plan the infrastructure system is the main factor to carry out the social economic activities of the community. Even though the Lake Toba area has a status as national strategic area, still it has limited regional infrastructure so that the potential development in the tourism sector is frustrated by poor accessibility, insufficient road infrastructure and inadequate electricity supply. The regional infrastructure networks are vital for the functions and activities within Kabupaten Toba Samosir, especially in centers of economic growth, activity centers and production centers. Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Based on Technical Document of Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Spatial Plan for 2016 – 2036, Lake Toba is designated as provincial strategic area on the carrying capacity function. So the spatial planning policy gives priority to environmental preservation and ecosystem enhancement with the following strategies: - Identification and inventory of the existing environment and ecosystems of the region - Construction of facilities for environmental management - Rehabilitation and revitalization of ecosystems and the environment

In the spatial planning strategy, Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan is designated as a water conservation area and ecosystem. This leads to zoning regulations for fisheries to maintain the sustainability of water resources preserving water ecosystems. In addition, there are several components in the plan dealing with infrastructure development, such as road networks, port facilities, and the construction of a cable car transport network. Also included is Lake border development in Kecamatan Baktiraja.

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Kabupaten Dairi Based on Technical Document of Kabupaten Dairi Spatial Plan 2014, Lake Toba is designated as a strategic area because of the functions and the carrying capacity of the environment. This means that this designation is directed at protecing environmental sustainability which includes natural resources and artificial resources. Related to this, strategies of the plan area aiming at improving the transportation system (roads, shipping routes, transportation nodes) and the water resources network, together with developing appropriate spatial patterns for the banks of the Lake and for specific tourism areas. Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Based on Local Government Regulation No. 3 of 2017 about Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Spatial Plan for 2017-2037, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara states that the Lake Toba Region is a National Strategic Area in terms of environmental interests. This strategies directed at maintenance and realization of environmental conservation, reduction of the risks of natural disasters, optimizing land use in accordance with the carrying capacity of the environment, water supply systems, and spatial patterns that support the protection of areas along the Lake banks. On spatial structure plan of this document, the construction of water source is designated on the banks of Lake Toba in Kecamatan Muara, rivers in Kecamatan Tarutung, and rivers in Kecamatan Siborongborong. Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat Based on Technical Document of Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat 2016, Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat does not contain policies specifically related to the Lake Toba Region, because kabupaten Pakpak Bharat is not directly adjacent to Lake Toba. Yet it is an area worthy of attention because it is one of Lake Toba’s groundwater basins and hence influences the quality of the water in the Lake. The spatial policy for the kabupaten aims at the development of agriculture with related secondary and tertiairy activities, adding high added value and respecting environmental carrying capacity. Other economic sectors to be developed are mining and tourism. This kabupaten wants to develop different types of tourism: eco- tourism, agro-tourism, and indigenous culture tourism. Improvement of the primary roads collector network is important for access.

1.3.1.5 Detailed Spatial Plans at Kabupaten Level The detailed spatial plans in kabupaten level related to Lake Toba development are: (1) the detailed spatial plan of Parapat and (2) the detailed spatial plan of Balige. The Detailed Spatial Plan of Parapat, Kabupaten Simalungun Based on Technical Document of Parapat Detailed Spatial Plan, the Parapat urban area is planned based on the principle: • Good availability of internal and external accessibility; • Availability of an adequate network of infrastructure and facilities to create special tourism areas, residential areas, and trade and service areas • Availability of adequate ecological functions and green open spaces in accordance with statutory provisions, especially the ecological functions of swamps which are mostly found in the parapat city region for water conservation and flood prevention

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• Availability of operational zoning regulations and in accordance with the characteristics of the Parapat area

Based on the spatial planning principles, the purpose of the Parapat Urban Area is "to develop the Parapat Urban area as a sustainable Lake Toba tourist destination area" The Detailed Spatial Plan of Balige, Kabupaten Toba Samosir Based on Technical Document of Balige Detailed Spatial Plan, Balige urban area is planned based on the principle: • Ensure the optimization of urban space utilization for all interests; • Answering problems in regional, environmental and development gaps • Ensure the integrity of regional functions and use of space.

Based on the spatial planning principles, the purpose of the Balige Urban Area is "to realize Balige as one of the main service centers in the Lake Toba region and its surrounding areas by strengthening the strategic function of the region based on local potential, environmentally and sustainably". The urban area of Balige is divided into 4 sub urban area (sub-BWP/Bagian Wilayah Perkotaan), namely: • Sub BWP 1 covers the area of Balige I, Lumban Dolok, Lumban Bulbul, Sibola Hotang SAS, Saribu Raja Janji Maria, Meuta Huta Bulu, Lumban Gaol, Tambunan Sunge, Lumban Pea, Lumban Pea Timur, and Baruara. This area has urban characteristics and some have agricultural potential. This area is also the center of BWP Balige's urban activity and is the core service of villages in Balige. • Sub BWP 2, covering Lumban Silintong, Longat, Hinalang Bagasan, Silalahi Pagar Batu, Sangkar Nihuta, Pardede Onan, Napitupulu Bagasan, Balige III, Sianipar Sihailhail, Balige II, Lumban Gorat, Paindoan, and Parsuratan. This area has the characteristics of settlements, tourism and agriculture. The function of BWP is as an area supporting urban and tourism activities. • Sub BWP 3, covering the area of Aek Bolon Jae, Aek Bolon Julu, Sibuntuon, and Siboruon. This area has the characteristics of settlements and protected areas. The function of the BWP is as a very limited area with the potential for use as an ecotourism area. • Sub BWP 4, covering Hutagaol Peatalum, Matio, Bonan Dolok II, Bonan Dolok I, Bonan Dolok III, Huta Namora, and Huta Dame. This area has the characteristics of agriculture and settlements. The function of BWP is as an agricultural development area with the concept of agro industry.

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Figure 1. 4 Detailed Spatial Plan (RDTR) of Kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon

DETAILED SPATIAL PLAN (RDTR) OF KECAMATAN 1.4 GIRSANG SIPANGAN BOLON

SPATIAL PATTERN PLAN

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Figure 1. 5 Detailed Spatial Plan (RDTR) of Kecamatan Pangururan

DETAILED SPATIAL PLAN (RDTR) OF KECAMATAN 1.5 PANGURURAN

SPATIAL PATTERN PLAN

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Figure 1. 6 Detailed Spatial Plan (RDTR) of Kecamatan Balige

DETAILED SPATIAL PLAN (RDTR) OF 1.6 KECAMATAN BALIGE

SPATIAL PATTERN PLAN

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Tourism Development Master Plan Tourism development in the Lake Toba area is addressed in a number of policy documents, at national, regional and local level. At the national level these are the Master Plan for National Tourism Development (RIPPARNAS) together with the National Strategic Area Master Plan (KSPN) for Lake Toba. At the provincial level the Master Plan for Provincial Tourism Development (Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Provinsi - RIPPARPROV) is formulated and at the local level the Master Plans for Kabupaten/City Area Tourism Development (Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Daerah - RIPPARDA) and their derivatives.

1.3.2.1 National Tourism Development Plan (RIPPARNAS) In the 2010-2025 National Tourism Development Plan (RIPPARNAS) through Government Regulation No. 50 of 2011, Lake Toba is designated as part of the Medan-Toba National Tourism Destination (Destinasi Pariwisata Nasional - DPN) and its surroundings. This desigination has the consequence that the areas in the DPN become national-scale tourism destinations. Within this framework the Lake Toba area is also designated as the National Tourism Development Zone of Lake Toba and its surrounding area. Apart from being a KPPN, in RIPPARNAS the Lake Toba Region is also designated as one of 88 National Tourism Strategic Areas (Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Nasional - KSPN). This designation is applied because this region has tourism as its main function and has the potential for tourism development of national importance, influencing a range of aspects, such as economic, social and cultural growth, protection and valorisation of natural resources, with respect for the environmental carrying capacity. This has as a consequence that the development of tourism of Lake Toba as a national priority. Therefore tourism planning in this region is also elaborated in the KSPN Master Plan which serves the operationalization of regional tourism policy.

1.3.2.2 National Tourism Strategic Area Masterplan of Lake Toba (KSPN) The preparation of the National Tourism Strategic Area (Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Nasional – KSPN) Master Plan of Lake Toba and its surrounding area is basically a derivative from RIPPARNAS. The document is expected to be a guideline for tourism development and generating the comparative and competitive advantages of the Region. This is to increase the contribution of the tourism as one of main sector of the economy of North Sumatra. The document aimes at: - Building tourism as a main pillar of sustainable economic development in North Sumatra - Building the tourism sector as a strategic regional development instrument to improve the welfare of the people of North Sumatra, especially around Lake Toba - Providing a planning basis to support tourism development as an attractive, competitive destination, and opening investment opportunities in the tourism sector to improve the competitiveness of tourism in North Sumatra in national and international markets - Making Toba the finest aquatic destination in the world - Developing tourism in North Sumatra as a strategic instrument for regional development and improvement of community welfare in the Lake Toba Region - Synergizing regional development across sectors and persons - Promoting community participation in regional development

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To summarize, the Lake Toba Area has to develop into a world-class tourism destination, being competitive, in an advanced independent and prosperous society. The following requirements have to be fulfilled to reach the mentioned goals: - A unique character and local wisdom that has international appeal - Services that meet international standards - Ability to attract foreign and national tourists to visit - Provision of high value and satisfaction for tourists - Raising the dignity of the nation in the world and foster national pride - Competitive attractions as compared to other tourism destinations at the international level, based on high-quality infrastructure and supporting facilities - Making the local population feel they benefit from the results of tourism development - High multiplier effects along the whole development chain, through strengthening the capacity, roles and initiatives of the community as one of the stakeholders

With this vision, the development mission of KSPN Lake Toba related to tourism is: - Developing tourism of KSPN Toba in a creative and innovative way - Improving tourism competitiveness at all levels, to increase the number of visits - Developing tourist destinations that are safe, comfortable, attractive, easy to achieve, and environmentally sound, to increase regional income and support the community - Developing tourism marketing that is synergistic, superior, and conducive to increasing the numbers of both domestic and foreign tourists - Developing a tourism industry that is competitive, able to develop business partnerships, and responsive to sustainability and a balanced natural and socio-cultural environment - Developing local government, private and community organizations, human resources, regulations, and operational mechanisms that encourage sustainable tourism.

From the vision and mission of the development of tourism in Lake Toba development purposes and goals have been derived. The purpose of the development as formulated in the KSPN Lake Toba until 2025 are: - Improving the quality and quantity of tourism areas that are able to attract and increase the flow of foreign and domestic visitors, increase Gross Domestic Product, Regional Foreign Exchange, Gross Regional Domestic Product, Regional Original Income, and community income, while maintaining environmental sustainability - Communicating the tourism attractions of the area by using marketing media effectively, to enhance its image and appreciation, aiming at visits and revisits of foreign and archipelago tourists - Realizing a tourism industry that is able to drive the regional economy through increased investments, cooperation between businesses, expansion of employment, and implementation efforts to support environmental conservation and community empowerment - Developing tourism institutions and governance systems that are able to synergize the development of the tourism industry, tourism areas, and tourism marketing in a professional, effective and efficient manner. - Realizing tourism as a leading sector and a development priority of KSPN Toba

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BOOK II VOLUME 1 – BASELINE ANALYSIS Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

The development goals to achieve these purposes are as follows: - The development of KSPN Toba as a leading tourist destination in Southeast Asia in 2025 - Innovations in the creation of the various types of tourism products - Availability of reliable facilities supporting object and tourist attraction (ODTW) - Increasing quality of varied tour packages, /managed synergistically and integrated between the government and/or tourism persons - Increased visits of both domestic and foreign tourists - Increased welfare of local communities around the potential of ODTW. - Creation of tourism areas that attract increasing numbers of foreign and domestic tourists, increase PAD and PDRB, and community income, while maintaining environmental sustainability. - Development of effective tools and instruments for communication and marketing; economic development, business cooperation, and employment generation; environmental conservation; and community empowerment - Strengthening, synergizing and professionalizing of tourism development institutions and governance systems

The elaboration of these purposes and goals into detailed policies, objectives and strategies is represented in Table 18 in Appendix II.

1.3.2.3 Provincial Tourism Development Plan (RIPPARPROV) The vision of North Sumatera tourism development is "North Sumatra as a competitive cultural-based tourist destination". The mission of the regional tourism development are: - Building and developing regional tourist destinations that are safe, comfortable, attractive, easily accessible and environmentally friendly; - Building partnerships and community participation, industries and the Regional Government for tourism marketing at national and international levels, that are competitive, trustworthy and responsible for the environment, social and culture; - Building and developing the tourism industry that is characterized by regions to drive business partnerships by focusing on empowering local communities; - Fostering, developing and utilizing regional culture both tangible and intangible as a tourist attraction through paying attention to local values and wisdom; - Building modern and professional regional tourism institutions supported by reliable facilities and infrastructure based on technology and human resources, as well as effective and efficient regulations and operational mechanisms.

Provincial tourism development aims to: - Building synergies with the Kabupatens/Cities Government and all stakeholders to improve the quality and quantity of tourism attractions; - Develop tourism marketing effectively and efficiently; - Realizing a tourism industry that is able to drive regional and national economies that have an impact on job creation, reduce poverty; - Realizing tourism management based on development planning at the regional and national levels and preserving the environment and natural resources; - Develop tourism institutions and governance that are able to synergize the development of tourism destinations, tourism marketing and tourism industry in a professional manner.

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- Promote regional culture and image, strengthen national identity and strengthen friendship between nations.

The goal of regional tourism development is to realize improvement for: - Visit of domestic tourists; - Visits of foreign tourists; - The length of stay of domestic and foreign tourists; - Gross domestic product in the tourism sector.

1.3.2.4 Tourism Development Planning at Kabupaten Level (RIPPARDA)

Kabupaten Karo According to the document of Kabupaten Karo Tourism Development Master Plan (2017), there are several concepts that formulated to solve the problem and optimizing the potential tourism resources. The concept covers four tourism development pillars, those are destination, industry, marketing, and institutional. And then, the vision also determined to be direction for tourism development that could make Kabuoaten Karo as world class tourism destination within prosperous of Karo people. To achieve the Karo tourism vision, there are four missions that have been formulated, as follows: - Realize Kabupaten Karo as a safe, comfortable, attractive, competitive, and environmentally friendly tourism destination, and then become a prime mover for tourism development in North Sumatera, especially the Lake Toba area. - Develop an effective tourism marketing program in order to increase the number of visitors, length of stay, and tourist expenditure, and also to multiply the economic impact for the people of Kabupaten Karo. - Develop the tourism industry that is able to drive business partnerships which are mutually beneficial and responsible for maintaining environment, social, and cultural preservation. - Build and develop an effective and efficient tourism community in order to realize sustainable tourism in Kabupaten Karo.

The purposes of Kabupaten Karo tourism development, as follows: - Realize tourism as a primary sector and development priority in Kabupaten Karo. - Realize the tourism industry that is able to drive the economy in Kabupaten Karo through increased tourism investment, partnership between tourism businesses, expanding employment, implementing community empowerment program, and another program for environment preservation. - Develop the tourism institutional that is able to manage and synergize the development of tourism area, tourism industry, and tourism marketing in a professional, effective, and efficient manner. The tourism policy and development strategy in Kabupaten Karo covers four tourism development pillars, as follows: - Tourism Destinations that include: tourism regions, development of tourist attractions, development of tourism facilities (public facilities, public infrastructure, and tourism facilities/amenities), development of tourism accessibility, community empowerment through tourism, development of investment in tourism.

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- Tourism Marketing includes tourism market development, tourism brand development, partnership development in marketing and tourism promotion development. - The Tourism Industry includes the development of the tourism industry structure, increasing tourism product competitiveness, tourism business partnership development, enhancement of tourism business credibility, development of environmental responsibility. - Tourism Institutions include strengthening tourism organizations, empowering tourism Human Resources (HR), conducting research and development.

More detailed descriptions of this Kabupaten’s tourism master plan policies are to be found in Table 19 of Appendix II along with the master plan policies of other kabupatens.

Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan The long-term development vision of Humbang Hasundutan, which is included in the Humbang Hasundutan RPJPD 2005 – 2025, is "Advanced, independent and prosperous Hasundutan". Meanwhile, the medium-term development vision for 2013 – 2018 is "Realizing a Large Holding and Advantage of Contributions". Referring to the basics of the above considerations and discussions and agreements with local stakeholders and leaders, the vision of tourism development in Humbang Hasundutan is “Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan as A Sustainable Historical, Cultural and Natural Tourism Destination and Competitiveness for The Welfare of The Community” The vision formula contains key meanings as follows: Historical, Cultural and Natural Tourism Destination Humbang Hasundutan is known as an area that has very strong historical and cultural values, as well as international geological values by being part of the Toba Caldera formation process. The three strengths of these resources become tourism identity that will be built by Humbang Hasundutan to increase tourism competitiveness, increase public and tourist appreciation on history, culture, and fund while simultaneously encouraging all historical, cultural and natural resources, while providing economic added value to community and region. Sustainable Tourism In accordance with the principles of Humbang Hasundutan tourism development, sustainable tourism development must be the foundation, both in planning, managing, and controlling tourism development. The implementation of sustainable tourism development is a necessity for Humbang Hasundutan, where most of its territory still holds rich and high- value natural and cultural resources. Building sustainable tourism will provide protection for the natural and cultural resources of Humbang Hasundutan, while providing broad economic benefits for the community and the region Competitive Tourism To be able become a regional economic mainstay sector, tourism in Humbang Hasundutan must be the main destination for tourist visits, both domestic tourists and foreign tourists. Therefore, Humbang Hasundutan must have a very strong pulling factor so that tourists from anywhere will visit Humbang Hasundutan. Tourism products developed by Humbang Hasundutan must be able to compete in the national and international realm. The

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BOOK II VOLUME 1 – BASELINE ANALYSIS Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba uniqueness and uniqueness that will become the tourism identity of Humbang Hasundutan must be of significant value at the national and international levels. Humbang Hasundutan already has a characteristic that can be raised to strengthen competitiveness at the international level, namely the Toba Caldera cultural landscape, while at the national level are the history of Raja Si Singamangaraja, coffee plantations and processing, and incense plantations. Tourism development in Humbang Hasundutan which is based on the uniqueness and uniqueness of world competitiveness must be supported by world-class tourism products and services. Tourism products and services provided to tourists must meet established national and international standards. This is a manifestation of the application of the principle of tourism with global insight and local identity which is the principle of tourism development in Humbang Hasundutan. Community Welfare All efforts to develop tourism in Humbang Hasundutan are aimed to improving the welfare of a sustainable society. It is the community that must get the greatest benefit from tourism development carried out in Humbang Hasundutan by making the community as the main actor of tourism development, developing optimally local products, and protecting the assets of the community through fair investment regulations. The Humbang Hasundutan tourism development mission for each pillar of tourism development is: - Realizing a competitive tourism destination that combines the advantages of history, culture, biodiversity and geological excellence as a tourism identity of Humbang Hasundutan supported by national and international infrastructure and facilities. - Realizing a tourism industry with national and international standards and community based according to the needs of tourists. - Realizing integrated and responsible tourism marketing to strengthen identity as a destination with high historical, cultural, biodiversity and geological values. - Realizing institutions that are able to accelerate the realization of cultural, competitive and sustainable tourism. More detailed descriptions of this Kabupaten’s tourism master plan policies are to be found in Table 21 until Table 24 of Appendix II along with the master plan policies of other kabupatens.

Kabupaten Toba Samosir The vision of the Kabupaten Toba Samosir Culture and Tourism Service 2011 – 2015 is “The realization of tourism and the resilience of a culture that is based on love, care and dignity”. Tourism is a variety of tourism activities and supported by various facilities and services provided by the community, entrepreneurs and local governments. Cultural Resilience means to maintain / preserve, protect regional culture to strengthen national identity. Based on Love, it means to serve/carry out tourism and cultural activities with a sense of security, and peace. Care is to carry out tourism and cultural activities with environmental insight and care for the environment. While dignity means that the development of culture and tourism is carried out based on the applicable laws and regulations. To achieve the vision, the department of culture and tourism of Kabupaten Toba Samosir formulated the mission as follows:

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- Increasing the competence and ability of the apparatus of the department of culture and tourism. - Preserving cultural wealth and diversity. - Increase and develop tourism destinations of Toba Samosir. - Enhancing cooperation with all stakeholders in the development and management of tourism in Kabupaten Toba Samosir. - Creating the image of Toba Samosir as an investment and tourist destination.

The purpose of tourism sector development in Toba Samosir are: - Increase exploration of tourism potential - Increase the quality and quantity of tourism services - The development goals of tourism sector include as follows : - Availability of accurate data and information about tourism potential. - The realization of an improvement in the planning of the development of tourism potential. - The realization of an improvement in the regulatory order that is responsive to change, professional and accommodating. - The realization of diversification of PAD sources from tourism services. - Availability of natural tourism infrastructure that utilizes the panoramic beauty of Lake Toba, natural symptoms in the form of river water flows and the beauty of the forest environment. - The realization of an increase in the development of tourism marketing networks. - The realization of increased availability and functioning of tourism infrastructure.

Policy is the direction taken by the Department of Culture and Tourism in determining the configuration of programs and activities to achieve goals. According to the target, the policy consists of: 1) Internal Policy namely the Culture and Tourism Service Policy in managing the implementation of development programs and 2) External Policies, namely policies issued by the Culture and Tourism Office in order to regulate, encourage and facilitate community activities. So that the goals and objectives can be achieved, the activities that must be carried out by the department of culture and tourism of Kabupaten Toba Samosir in every year included: - Sending apparatus to follow the technical and functional training in tourism - Printing leaflets, brochures and billboards and vcd film cassettes - Carry out tourism promotion / marketing by following events carried out by the North Sumatra Province and the Ministry of Culture and Tourism - Carry out art and culture competition parties - Carry out travel awareness counseling - Construction of a Lumban Silintong tourism area - Development of agro-tourism forest and Eden Park in Lumban Julu become forest tourism objects - Arrangement of free beaches in Ajibata, and Lumban Binanga - Development of Gurgur and Dolok tourism objects Please - Development of Sigumpar spiritual tourism objects - Rehabilitation of infrastructure facilities for tourism objects

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- Development of batak culture through preservation of opera and tor-tor batak, batak song festival, batak song creation competition and batak comedy contest - Mangase Taon Cultural Party as the annual event of Toba Samosir - People's entertainment party through the Toba Samosi Cultural Enchantment

Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat The Master Plan for Regional Tourism Development Pakpak Bharat is part of the development plan of the Pakpak Bharat Government in order to increase income and community welfare. Therefore the goals and objectives of RIPPDA are an integral part of the Pakpak Bharat government. The Master Plan is part of the planning document for developing tourism resources, as well as guiding the implementation of activities in 2012-2016. Based on the review of the current condition and potential of Pakpak Bharat and strategic issues in 5 years, the development vision of Pakpak Bharat is "The realization of the prosperous Pakpak Bharat community and fair and democratic leadership supported by a professional government that focuses on improving the economy of the community, human resources (HR), science and technology, and health by upholding the cultural values of Pakpak and religion". To realize this vision, the following missions were arranged: - Realizing the acceleration of the increase and even distribution of community income. - Realizing professional, creative and facilitative governance. - Improve and strengthen the quality of public education. - Improve and strengthen the quality of public health services. - Strengthen the dynamic relationship system with government superiors and mutually beneficial cooperation in improving accessibility with other regions, especially those directly adjacent. - Increasing the climate of openness and participation in the social and bureaucratic systems. - Increasing the synergy of the parties in community empowerment. - Improve the quality of life and strengthen the role of women in development. - Realizing a joint commitment in law enforcement consistently and consistently. - Developing a dynamic relationship with the Pakpak migrant community. - Making pakpak culture a foundation in public policy. - Develop creativity and innovation in exploring local sources of income.

The final goal to be achieved based on this document is the increased capacity of tourism resources that are superior, competitive and efficient. This performance can be measured through the tourism development objectives as follows: - Increasing the number of human resources in the field of tourism which is reflected in various forms of services, both in government, industry, and society. - The absorption of graduates of tourism tertiary education in the job market both at home and abroad - Increasing the results of research and development, as well as its utilization in cultural and tourism development - Increased management support in developing tourism resources.

In order to achieve the above goals and objectives, tourism development strategies formulated in 2012 – 2016 planning are as follows:

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- Physical planning related to spatial utilization. - Development of tourism development programs. - Establishment of a regional tourism institutional system. - Search for funding sources for program activities. - Development of tourism destinations. - Development of Transportation, Infrastructure and other supporting facilities. - Development of human resources

Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Tapanuli Utara Tourism Master Plan is use to empower development that will continue to develop through growth (equality) and sustainability which is achieved through mutually sustainable and sustainable conservation, development and utilization efforts. The concept of Tapanuli Utara tourism development can be started from the identity of the vision of "Tapanuli Utara, The Spirit of Toba". History proves that the turning point towards advanced civilization and a culture of peace in the Lake Toba region began with Tapanuli Utara, since the Nommensen Apostle brought the nauli barita in this region. At the same time to show though that the diversity of tourism objects and attractions in the Lake Toba region continues to develop but all of them remain parent and start from Tapanuli Utara, in other words the core and originality of the cultural strength of the people in the Lake Toba region are also in the Tapanuli Utara community. The tourism development of Tapanuli Utara is expected to utilize all the tourism potentials and attractions in this area for regional economic development, so that the existence of Tapanuli Utara as one of the Tourism Destination Areas can truly be realized in order to support the National Tourism Development Program. To achieve the above objectives, there are several development goals that need to be achieved, among others: - Maintaining and increasing the number of tourist visits to the tourism area of Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara at present, both domestic tourists and foreign tourists. - Increasing length of stay for tourists in the tourism area of Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, among others by increasing the occupancy rate ratio in accommodation facilities. - Equalization of tourist visits to each tourism object in the Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, both objects in religious, natural, cultural and agro tourism areas. The tourism development strategy formulated in the master plan is as follows: Inter-Regional Cooperation Development Strategy Cooperation at the provincial level also needs to be done to achieve a mutually beneficial synergy in regional development. Cooperation between Kabupatens in the same Province becomes important to avoid unfair competition in reaching investors and tourism. In this regard horizontal coordination between Kabupatens/Cities and vertical coordination with North Sumatra Province are also very necessary both at the level of concepts, strategies, programs and operational activities of development. Based on the regional development trend of the parts of the region and the characteristics of the distribution of tourism objects in North Tapanuli, 4 (four) Tourism Development Areas (KPP) are proposed for Tapanuli Utara: - Tourism Development Area A (KPP-A) with DTW Kecamatan Sipoholon, Adiankoting, Tarutung and Siatas Barita, abbreviated "SIANTAR BARITA".

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- Tourism Development Area B (KPP-B) with DTW Kecamatan Siborong-borong, Pagaran, Muara and Parmonangan, abbreviated as "SIPARMONANG". - Tourism Development Area C (KPP-C) with DTW Kecamatan Sipahutar, Pangaribuan, and Garoga, abbreviated as "SIPANGGOAR". - Tourism Development Area D (KPP-D) with DTW Kecamatan Simangumban, Pahae Jahe, Pahae Julu and Purba Tua, abbreviated as "SIPATA". Social and Cultural Development Strategy The strategy of developing socio-cultural aspects for the benefit of tourism is the utilization, preservation and development. So for the sake of tourism the socio-cultural aspect is utilized so that it can provide economic benefits, but it is also always preserved and carefully developed so as to maintain its authenticity and sustainability. Institutional Development Strategy Development plans for tourism institutions in Tapanuli Utara can be described as follows: - Strengthening the network of regional tourism organizations and institutions that involve elements of government, industry, Batak indigenous peoples, mass media and environmental care institutions (such as tropical forest care groups). - Encouraging the Badan Pemusyawaratan Desa (BPD), traditional or cultural institutions to become stakeholders through sustainable development. - Preparation of work procedures, functions and main tasks and working mechanism of each tourism stakeholder. - Development of a check and balance mechanism for work plans and programs for every element of inter-institutional government, the private sector and non-governmental organizations in an effort to improve linkages of tourism programs and other supporting programs. Tourism Attraction Development Strategy - Tourism development programs will be encouraged so that tourism assets can be maintained and their existence and quality developed, for that to be implemented with several programs based on the following planning concepts: - Establishment of forest development programs as conservation areas is very helpful in developing tourism and special interest tourism. - Maintaining the natural character of the area with the potential of agricultural crops and plantations. - Maintaining rural areas, especially with traditional essays with distinctive cultural characteristics and architectural conditions (bolon and monument houses) are integrated with their natural conditions, so that modernization that collides with the noble values of local culture as far as possible is not implemented. - Maintain the coastal area of Lake Toba that is carried out by establishing the coastal border area. The coastline of Lake Toba is at least 50 meters wide and a minimum of 15 meters for the river, but this is a way to maintain public beach. Besides that it can be implemented with a sustainable beach approach. Amenity Development Strategy - The development of accommodation is emphasized on developing quality rather than quantity

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- Strategies for developing restaurants and restaurants to be more directed so that healthy competition is created by prioritizing the competitive and comparative sides - Development Strategy for Badan Pengelola Pariwisata (BPP) - Infrastructure and facility development strategies

Crafts and Souvenirs Development Strategy The development of folk handicrafts that are intended as souvenirs from Tapanuli Utara tourism must be developed through the creation of souvenir products that have comparative advantages according to tourism principles in general. Security Support Facilities Development Strategy A well-coordinated self-supporting security system is expected to contribute to tourism security because the police as an institution are not the only ones responsible for security issues. Tourism Market Development Strategy Marketing management must also be carried out synergistically with careful preparation in each attraction so that it is worth selling. Good marketing management will not be of much use if attraction does not have the intended market quality standards. For the medium and long term, the development of foreign tourist markets based on high accessibility is focused on Asian markets, especially Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore. But besides that, based on the historical aspects of the mission, it is also necessary to optimize European market opportunities. Environmental Development Strategy The concept of this environmental development effort is that anyone or any institution that has an initiative to develop tourism facilities / utilities must prevent and overcome the impacts arising from its activities. The relevant government or agency is responsible for the tourism development plan and becomes the party acting as supervisor. In order to achieve the above objectives and goals, in the future the development of tourism in Tapanuli Utara will require development efforts to overcome problems that hamper the increase in the number and length of length of stay of tourists in the Tapanuli Utara. The development efforts that need to be carried out include: - Development of tourism path packages in each tourist area, to be able to increase the length and equity of tourist visits in each object and tourist attraction. - Environmental arrangement to improve the quality of objects and tourism attractions offered. - Development of tourist attractions in each tourism area to increase the diversity of tourism objects and attractions from the potential of the local area and increase the length of visit to these tourist objects and attractions. - Development of alternative roads to overcome traffic congestion on roads that lead to every tourism area and every tourism object. - Improvement of facilities and infrastructure supporting tourism activities both in the scale of tourism area services, as well as on each tourist object and attraction. - Improving services to tourists visiting each tourism object and tourist attraction.

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- Increased cooperation between agencies and tourism area managers. - Increasing public awareness of the benefits of tourist visits and the importance of providing good services to tourists visiting tourism objects in the region. - Increasing the supply of trained tourism personnel who are good enough to serve tourist visits to the tourism area of Tapanuli Utara. - Establishment of tourism management institutions or units that are responsible for the development of tourism in each tourism area, which consists of representatives from all relevant parties in the development of tourism in each tourism area.

1.3.2.5 Lake Toba Tourism Authority’s Roadmap for the Development of Lake Toba Lake Toba Tourism Authority (Badan Pelaksana Otorita Danau Toba – BPODT) has prepared a roadmap for developing Lake Toba and its surrounding area, even though it does not have legal status yet. The following picture illustrates the overall development plan for Lake Toba.

Figure 1. 7 BPODT’s Roadmap for the Development of Lake Toba

Source: BPODT, 2018

In the BPODT’s roadmap, there are already zoning plans for several areas of Lake Toba, with various attractions to be offered such as Eco-tourism, Lake Cruise, Water Sport, Aero-sport Attraction, Tourism Village, Flower Garden, etc. BPODT’s zoning plan in the roadmap focuses on the eastern and southern side of Lake Toba, based on the tourist travel pattern that came from Silangit Airport, with the route: Silangit – Bakkara – Huta Ginjang and Balige City tour – heading to Parapat – Explore eastern and southern part of Samosir – Parapat City tour – Taman Eden 100 – heading back to Silangit. Some areas that zoning plan was made is: a. Integrated tourism resort in BPODT’s authority zone in Sibisa area, Kabupaten Toba Samosir, which will be developed as hotel areas, commercial areas, attraction facilities, and aero-sport facilities

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BOOK II VOLUME 1 – BASELINE ANALYSIS Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba b. Integrated tourism resort in Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan, which will be developed as hotel areas and flower garden c. The area that will be developed as an Eco-tourism area, which is located in the north of Kecamatan Simanindo, Samosir; Kecamatan Onan Runggu and the east of Kecamatan Simanindo, Samosir; Kecamatan Lumban Julu and Kecamatan Bonatua Lunasi, Toba Samosir; IT Del and its surrounding area, Toba Samosir, as a Center for Education d. Balige and its surrounding area which will be developed as a resort and hotel areas, restaurant, and beach attractions e. The area that will developed for Lake Cruise and Water Sport areas in Tongging, Kabupaten Karo , and the Muara – Balige on the southern side of Lake Toba. The Tuktuk area will be developed for the Aero-sport attraction, in addition to watersports and lake cruises. The current development plan of land use aspect in Lake Toba aims to retained the pre- dominant character of natural conservation and agricultural areas, while the current tourism development areas are integrated within existing settlements. As for the accessibility improvement and development, there are several plans made from the document, some of them are: a. Tebing Tinggi – Siantar toll road that will be ready by 2020 b. Railway extension from Pematang Siantar terminating at Merek c. Future highway proposed connecting Medan with Sibolga passing adjacent to Lake Toba

Other Relevant Documents

1.3.3.1 Masterplan and Development Plan of Lake Toba and its Surrounding Area The Master Plan and Development Plan is one of the planning documents prepared by the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing under the responsibility of the Regional Infrastructure Development Agency (RIDA). The MPDP is prepared to support the operationalization of infrastructure development in areas that are of national concern either as rural areas, urban areas, or strategic areas. In this way, all KSNs, including KSN Lake Toba, have a MPDP as their operational document. This MPDP which reviewed from Executive Summary: Lake Toba Development Incubation Document, published by RIDA in 2015. As also stated in the KSN-RTR, in the MPDP the Lake Toba area is directed to act as: (1) a water source for people's lives, (2) the center of Batak culture, and (3) a sustainable world- scale tourism destination. These three roles establish the goals that will be targeted for the future development of the region. Derived from these the objectives for the development of the region are the realization of: - Regional environmental sustainability and water conservation - Infrastructure improvements according to international standards and offering good connections to domestic and global tourism markets - Lake Toba as a world-class tourism area that provides substantial amounts of foreign exchange to the State and contributes to the welfare of local communities

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- An increase in the volume of the regional economy based on the potential of superior local commodities that are highly resilient, able to compete in global markets and reducing disparity between regions - Competent local communities as the main actors in regional economic activities

Goals and objectives of the development of Lake Toba finally lead to ten ultimate goals: - Development of the North of the Lake as an alternative center for regional growth and tourism - Fulfillment of basic infrastructure needs (roads, clean water, sewage treatment, electricity, telecommunications, etc.) in the main activity centers - Construction of the Parapat-Tarutung-Sibolga stretch as part of the Tebing Tinggi- Pematang Siantar-Prapat-Tarutung-Sibolga toll road (175 kilometers) - Stability and reliability of the network of the inner and outer ring road of the Lake Toba Region - Meeting water quality standards and returning to a sustainable Aek Natio (source of living water) for local communities - High-quality and healthy urban and rural community settlements (no slums, 100% drinking water, and 100% proper sanitation access) - Availability of housing with a local character for the community - Proper functioning of protected forest areas - High service level and quality of ferry ports - Sibisa and Silangit Airports functioning as strong and reliable nodes of air transportation

To achieve the ten ultimate goals of the development of the Lake Toba Region, the development strategy targets (1) the nodes of the production area and (2) the nodes of the tourism area. For the production nodes, the area is directed to the development and increase of production in accordance with the potential and commodities of each region. These are broadly divided into food crops and horticulture, plantations, fisheries, and livestock. As for these production nodes, the strategy aims at: - Increased productivity, value-added, and innovation of food crops and horticulture, as well as plantations - Relocation of aquaculture to the lake water outlet, restrictions on the exploitation of cages, and controlling and monitoring waste production - Preparation of special places for animal husbandry and slaughterhouses that are environmentally friendly

For the tourism area the strategy fort the nodes is directed at: - Development of agro tourism by combining agricultural activities with tourist attractions that highlight rural characteristics - Development of cultural and religious tourism by combining tourist attractions with sites of Batak culture and history - Development of nature oriented tourism through the development of tourist attractions combined with KJA activities

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In order to encourage the development of the Lake Toba Region, in the MPDP document, a priority area is designated as an intelligent platform. The establishment of intelligent platforms is a program of integrated facilities and infrastructure to create new growth points offering regional leverage. These are multipurpose areas with a tourism theme, including cultural tourism, tourist attractions, panoramic tourism, agropolitan tours, and shopping tours. In addition to these priority areas, other areas are also developed as single entities with a sustainable tourism theme, by taking into account existing potentials and problems and developing activities that are environmentally friendly. Specifically, the development themes attached to each part of the Lake Toba Region are as follows: - Merek T-junction (between Jalan Sidikalang-Saribudolok), theme: "Green Commerce" - Bukit Sipiso-piso, theme: "Bukit Sipiso-piso Tourism" - Tongging Village, theme: "Tongging Village Agrotourism" - Sipiso-piso Waterfall, theme: "Sipiso-piso Waterfall Tour" - Around Lake Toba, the theme: "Lake Tourism" - Sibolangit Village, theme: "Sibolangit Village Agro Tourism"

1.3.3.2 Masterplan and Development Plan (MPDP) of Urban Area Around Lake Toba In the MPDP of Urban Area Around Lake Toba by RIDA in 2015, there are 7 planned urban areas around Lake Toba. The seven urban areas are spread in 7 Kabupaten, which include: (1) Kabanjahe Urban Area, Kabupaten Karo; (2) Major Urban Areas, Kabupaten Simalungun (3) Sidikalang Urban Area, Kabupaten Dairi; (4) Dolok Sanggul Urban Area, Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan; (5) Urban Area of Balige, Kabupaten Toba Samosir; (6) Pangururan Urban Area, Kabupaten Samosir; and (7) Tarutung Urban Area, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. In this document, the seven urban areas are directed to support tourism development and conservation efforts in the Lake Toba Region. In the concept, the seven urban areas will be built in 2 (two) clusters. Cluster 1 is a cluster that develops in the South which is also called a quatropolitan. This area includes 4 (four) urban areas, namely Pangururan, Solok Sanggul, Tarutung, and Balige. Cluster 2 is a cluster that develops in the North which is also called a tripolitan. This area includes 3 (three) urban areas, namely Kabanjahe, Sidikalang, and Raya. These two clusters were developed with different directions and specific themes. For cluster 1, it is more directed to urban area development with the characteristics of waterfront cities, natural, agropolitan, and agrotourism, while cluster 2 is more directed to urban area development with industrial characteristics, terrestrial, hilly, and agroinfotech. The details of the development of the regional theme of each urban area can be seen in the following table.

Table 1. 3 Development Themes and Concept of Urban Areas Around Lake Toba Development Cluster Urban Area Development Theme Concept Cluster 1 • Waterfront City Pangururan Premier Batak’s Waterfront City QUATROPOLITAN • Natural Dolok Sanggul Green Highland City • Agropolitan Tarutung Peaceful City • Agrotourism Balige Green Tobafront City Cluster 2 • Industry Kabanjahe AgroSmart City TRIPOLITAN • Terestris Sidikalang Cofee and Earthquake Resistant

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Development Cluster Urban Area Development Theme Concept • Hilly City • Agroinfotech Raya Research and Development City

Source: RIDA, Inkubasi Pengembangan Kawasan Danau Toba, 2015

Beside that, in cluster 1, especially in the Area Around Silangit Airport, it will be developed as an export processing zone, a logistics airport for agricultural and plantation products. This is intended so that the results of agriculture and plantations produced by the area around Lake Toba can be marketed more broadly and improved the regional economy and the welfare of the community.

1.3.3.3 The Toba Caldera Geopark Master Plan The Sumatra Great Fault is a dextral shear fault, an active fault which is directly related to the activity of the subduction zone along the western part of the island of Sumatra. The Sumatra Great Fault consists of 18 geo-areas, one of which is the Toba Caldera Geopark located in the North Sumatra Province, covering the area inside the walls of the Toba Caldera (caldera rim) and Samosir Island. The Toba Caldera Geopark area covers the administrative area of 7 Kabupaten bordering the Lake Toba Catchment Area. The Toba Caldera Geopark is the result of Super Volcano, which is a giant volcanic area that forms the largest lake in Indonesia measuring around 90 x 30 km2 at an altitude of 904 meters above sea level with the deepest lake depth of 505 meters. The Toba Caldera wall area has a steep and steep hilly morphology with hills (43%), mountains (30%) with peaks of 2,000 meters above sea level and terrain (27%) as a place of activity for people. The vision of the development of the Toba Caldera Geopark must be in line with the regional vision which is guided by the definition and criteria of the geopark as well as the objectives, target, and basic considerations, so the vision set in the development of the region is: "Super Volcano". To realize the vision of the Toba Caldera Geopark, it is necessary to formulate several the Toba Caldera Geopark missions, as follows: - Empowering all natural potential resources and human resources that exist in the region through organized and controlled manner in order to improving the quality and image of the region as a Geopark; - Developing a conducive area not only for investors but especially for local communities as an effort to eliminate poverty and improve the welfare of local communities; - Developing the Toba Caldera Geopark in accordance with the principles of conservation, sustainable development and social and cultural preservation values that have to be maintained; - Increased infrastructure development including transportation that has connection with accessibility, communication systems and regional utilities that support regional development in general; - Improving the image of the region so that to be well aware by outsiders and equipped with hospitality and professional destination governance

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The goals in qualitative terms is the realization of world-class conservation in the corridor of harmony between humans and nature, humans and humans, and humans with God, and imbued with religious values, universal culture, and local traditions; while the goals in quantitative terms is the increase of tourists visit to 1 million people in 2019 by making Lake Toba as a Leading Destination. As a part of protected areas, the direction of conservation policy in Toba Caldera Geopark is protecting the area of Lake Toba in spatial aspects, protecting water quality, conserving forest areas in the Lake Toba area, and micro-protection measures for the proposed geo-site. The goals of the Toba Caldera Geopark Master Plan related to tourism concern tourism destinations, the tourism industry, marketing and institutional development that will described as follows.

Tourism Destinations - Comprehensive and holistic planning for the Toba Caldera Geopark Region; - Determination of core, buffer, and development zones of the Toba Caldera Geopark; - The preparation of planning and design of tourist attraction; - The development of tourism support facilities in areas that have an interesting view; - The action program of accommodation and supporting tourism facilities which has reduced the visual quality of Lake Toba, especially facilities located on the corridors of the tourism road; - Establishment of central parking facilities and parking area for tourist attraction; - Increasing community participation in tourism development in the Toba Caldera Geopark; - Establishment of tourism destination governance institutions. Tourism Industry - Implementation of government initiatives and creativity to grow and drive tourism supporting industries; - The establishment of an MoU / cooperation agreement between relevant agencies for land use in the Toba Caldera Geopark Area; - Strengthening the bargaining position of farmers in the face of commodity price fluctuations; - The establishment of good accessibility to agricultural production area; - Accelerating the development of Agropolitan and Minapolitan Area; - Establishment of facilities to obtain irrigation water for plantations and horticulture; - The development the capacity of craftsmen in supporting tourism. Marketing - The preservation of religious areas in several places adjacent to tourism activities; - Optimally promoting some unique activities and arts as tourism village assets to support cultural tourism; - The structure of the market as a place to distribute products activities. - Community involvement in production aspects and marketing process correctly;

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- Increased level of public education so that knowledge and understanding of the production activities development is getting better along with the development of technology and information. Institutional Development - Establishment of an institution/organization that accommodates all existing stakeholder or accommodates managers in order to management structuring efforts. - The availability of workers who have competence in the Geo-Tourism field. - The implementation of the movement and dissemination of regional development programs to all stakeholders related to the Agropolitan and Minapolitan development programs, both central and regional.

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Figure 1. 8 Toba Caldera Geopark Zonation

TOBA CALDERA GEOPARK ZONATION 1.8

MAIN GEOSITES AND ZONES

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1.3.3.4 Sectoral Master Plans

Roads and Transportation TATRAWIL AND TATRALOK Besides general policy documents for roads and transportation at the National Level, relevant documents at the Provincial and Kabupaten Level are TATRAWIL and TATRALOK. These documents offer the conceptual framework for general transportation development, including in the Lake Toba region but not specify to tourism-related transportation development. According to this framework, an efficient, integrated, inter-modal transport system that facilitates inclusive and sustainable socio-economic development has to be provided, and managed through a collaborative public-private partnership, in line with culture and environment asset. In these documents, specific goals for the transportation system are: - Efficient and effective system that supports economic growth - Maintaining and enhancing health, safety, and security of users and the wider community - Providing a reasonable level access and mobility for all - A system that values, conserves and enhances the natural environment - Connects communities and contributes to the way people live, work, and other activities

Tourists need longer and more customised transport linkages with a greater sensitivity to the timing of connections, arrivals and departures. They need integration of the physical system with communication and networks on which they rely more for planning their trips. They want higher traveling speed and smoother transactions, and also standardisation of equipment and procedures. Tourists in the Lake Toba region encounter various problems related to transportation. Generally, the capacity of the roads is still adequate with an average VCR of below 0,3 in 2018, though road width often doesn’t meet the standard. Some segments are uneven and potholed with an IRI of more than 6. As a result, national roads and provincial and kabupaten roads do not always meet the requirements of security, safety and comfort. Supporting infrastructure such as signage, street lighting, and road markings are also generally does not meet the provision standard. Moreover, the choice of modality is very limited, which creates an accessibility problem. Access still depends mostly on private cars, or tour busses provided by travel agents (as a tour package). Public transport to tourism attractions is limited, only a few attractions offer adequate public transportation access. Most road and water public transportation is operated by private actors that are not integrating their operations in terms of routing, fares, booking systems, and standardisation of services. The institutional domain based on TATRAWIL and TATRALOK as transportation master plan documents for the Province and Kabupatens do already exist, but do not yet cover the complete transportation system related to tourism development in the region. A question that is not properly addressed is who has the authority and responsibility to design an integrated tourism transportation system for Lake Toba area, whether it is the BPODT, Provincial Transportation Agency, or Transportation Agency of each Kabupaten. Tourism-related transportation system in Lake Toba needs to support intermodal system. At least, 5 modes must be integrated: road transport, lake transport, rail transport, sea transport (Belawan and Kuala Tanjung), and air transport (Kualanamu, Silangit and Sibisa). The

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BOOK II VOLUME 1 – BASELINE ANALYSIS Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba question is which transport mode will become leading transportation, which requires an institution that has the authority to manage the whole tourism transportation system in the region. Road and lake infrastructure is used in common between private transport, public transport, freight transport, and tourism transport. This goes together with mixed land use in the Lake Toba regions that is often weakly structured in its distribution of settlements, trade areas, industries, and tourism areas. In the spatial planning sector, the existing public transportation system for all Kabupatens of Lake Toba has been accounted for, but there is no integration between regional and local transport. Moreover, the public transportation systems of all Kabupatens are not geared to the specific needs of tourists regarding the network, services, security and comfort, schedule, number of vehicles, modal choice, frequency, intermodality, etc. Tourism transportation demand mostly involves travel from external origins to internal destinations, so this flow from external to internal needs special attention. This concerns linkages with not only external origins (Medan, Deli Serdang, Batu Baru, etc), but also between 8 Kabupatens. In the planning documents, environmental concerns related to transportation system also need more attention, for example how to reduce high dependency on fossil fuel. In the North Sumatra TATRAWIL Review Study (2012), a number of planned transportation infrastructure and service network related to Lake Toba are: 1. Development of the toll road and artery road section Tebing Tinggi – Pematang Siantar – Parapat – Balige – Sibolga as a west to east side back bone of North Sumatra which will be completed no later than 2030; 2. Development of Kualanamu airport as the Indonesian west hub to replace Polonia. Airport and the development of Kualanamu as an Aerocity (Aerotropolis); 3. Improvement of Ferdinan L Tobing Airport (Pinangsori) as a feeder to Kualanamu Airport, as well as the entrance to Lake Toba; 4. Improvement of Silangit Airport (Sisingamangaraja XII) and Sibisa Airport which also directed as a main gateway of Lake Toba. Silangit Airport is directed for international services (Malaysia and Singapore); 5. The extension of the railway from Pematang Siantar – Merek (Kabupaten Karo) and Medan – Pancur Batu (also included in the Directorate General of Railways’ Strategic Plan Review (2015 – 2019)

As mentioned above, based on the Directorate General of Civil Aviation’s Strategic Plan Review (2015 – 2019), it can be known that to support tourism development of Lake Toba, the main airports to be developed are Kualanamu Airport, Silangit, and Sibisa, while the improvement of Ferdinan L. Tobing (Pinangsori) Airport is targeted to be completed in 2020. To reduce the burden impact on road section Medan – Berastagi – Kabanjahe – Tongging with heavy traffic, the document of Inter-Regional Incubation Development Concept Lake Toba – Kabanjahe – Sibolangit (2017) proposed to immediately build road section Tanjung Morawa – Saribu Dolok – Tongging (Rawasering) as an alternative section from Medan to Lake Toba (Tongging, Kabupaten Karo).

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Figure 1. 9 Transportation System (2019) based on North Sumatra Tatrawil

Source: North Sumatra Tatrawil Review, 2012

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Figure 1. 10 Transportation System (2030) based on North Sumatra Tatrawil

Source: North Sumatra Tatrawil Review, 2012

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Figure 1. 11 Transportation Service Levels (2019) based on North Sumatra Tatrawil

Source: North Sumatra Tatrawil Review, 2012

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Figure 1. 12 Transportation Service Levels (2030) based on North Sumatra Tatrawil

Source: North Sumatra Tatrawil Review, 2012

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Indonesian Railway Master Plan (Rencana Induk Perkeretaapian Indonesia) In order to support the development of Lake Toba as a super priority destination, Directorate General of Railways, Ministry of Transportation through the Directorate General of Railways’ Strategic Plan Review (2015 – 2019) has prepared related programss that are currently ongoing, including: • Improvement of Araskabu – Tebing Tinggi – Siantar Railway Line (105km'sp SBSN) • DED of railroad provision to Lake Toba • Line extension Pematang Siantar – Merek (Kabupaten Karo) and Medan – Pancur Batu Based on the Indonesian Railway Master Plan (Ministerial Decree of Transportation No. KP/2128/2018 on Indonesian Railway Master Plan), in the context of national transportation system, this document is in line with the National Spatial Plan (RTRWN), which includes the review of Sumatran Railway Master Plan (2011). The goal of railway development in Sumatra is to provide the Trans Sumatra Railways and connect existing railway lines (including Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, North Sumatra, West Sumatra, South Sumatra and Lampung) to become an interconnected railways. Until 2030, railway infrastructure that will be built related to Lake Toba area is the development of inter- city/kabupaten railways on major routes including Sei Mangke – Bandar Tinggi – Kuala Tanjung and Pematang Siantar – Lake Toba. Furthermore, there are also programs related to operational facilities provision, such as the development and provision of park and ride area, telecommunications, electricity systems, and safety-related technology systems. The planned railways in Sumatra can be seen in the following figure.

Figure 1. 13 Railways Development Plan of Sumatra Island

Source: Ministerial Decree of Transportation No. KP/2128/2018 on Indonesian Railway Master Plan

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National Port Master Plan (Rencana Induk Pelabuhan Nasional) The development of sea transportation in Indonesia is also intended to serve passenger (including tourists) in addition to cargo, which is planned by the concept of ‘Maritime Highway’ (tol laut/sabuk nusantara) known technically as short-sea shipping, is in essence an alternative to land-freight transportation, by moving cargo along the coastline between ports of close proximity. Marine infrastructure development in the National Port Master Plan (Ministerial Decree of Transportation No. KP/432/2017 on the National Port Master Plan), which connects 638 ports throughout Indonesia, consisting of 28 main ports, 164 collecting ports, 166 regional feed ports, and 278 local feeder port. To support the development of domestic tourism, Ministry of Transportation through Directorate General of Sea Transportation has prepared: • 18 ports as as gateway for tourist vessels (Presidential Regulation No. 180 of 2014) • 5 domestic ports that serve as the embarkation and/or debarkation of tourists using a cruise ship (Permenhub No. 121 of 2015 on the provision of tourism facilities using foreign-flagged cruise ships, such as Belawan, Tg. Priok, Tg. silver, Benoa, and Makassar)

Belawan Port and Kuala Tanjung Port, both as main ports are also prepared to serve the needs of tourists who will visit North Sumatra by sea using public passenger ships. The two ports have been integrated with highways and railway lines, so that they can be connected directly to Lake Toba via Belawan – Medan – Tebing Tinggi – Pematang Siantar and Kuala Tanjung – Tebing Tinggi – Pematang Siantar. Based on the Director General of Railroad Strategic Plan Review (2015 – 2019), it is planned that the railroad will be added from Pematang Siantar to Merek and Berastagi, Kabupaten Karo.

Figure 1. 14 National Route from Pelni (2019)

Source: Pelni, 2019

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In addition to the development of ports, Ministry of Transportation has also prepared a public passenger ships that serves inter-island routes, which are currently only served by KM Kelud type 2000, with 2 routes: Tanjung Priok – Tanjung Pinang – Batam – Belawan (Round trip), and Tanjung Priok – Batam – Tanjung Balai Karimun – Belawan (Round trip). Its cabin facilities are: • Class IA (1 room 2 pax, total 32 rooms) • Class IB (1 room 4 pax, total 20 rooms) • Class IIA (1 room 6 pax, total 42 rooms) • Class IIB (1 room 8 pax, total 14 rooms) • Economy of 1.396 pax

Water Supply and Sanitation Main Functions and Status of Lake Toba The Survey of the Environmental Impact Management Agency of North Sumatra Province (2007) shows that there are 147 residential locations on the outskirts of Lake Toba that use the Lake as a source of raw water for producing drinking water. Of these locations which 88% use lake water as raw water for drinking water and clean water without further processing. The water from Lake Toba is the source of raw water for three PDAMs, namely PDAM Balige, Laguboti PDAM and Pangururan PDAM. Through Pergub No. 1 of 2009 the Provincial Government of North Sumatra, has set the water quality standard for Lake Toba at Class I (PP 82 Year 2001), which means that the quality of the water must meet the requirements of raw water for drinking water production.

Declining Environmental Quality of Lake Toba – loss of forest and eutrophication of the water According to the Forest Use Agreement (TGHK), the area of the DTA designated as forest area is 143,840 ha (51%). But in reality the quality of the environment is fast decreasing. Data from 1985 show that by that year the forest area was 28% of the total catchment area (78,558 ha), while in 1997, 12 years later, it was only 22% of the total DTA (62,403 ha). This decline in forest area occurred because of the conversion of functions into rice fields, fields, bushes and settlements. After 1997 there were further decreases. In 2001 the forest area was only 13%, and in 2012 only 12%. Since 2012 with regard to contamination the forest area now belongs to the medium polluted category (referring to PP 82/2001), Sources of pollutants come from domestic activities, agriculture, livestock, fisheries, water transportation and mining of minerals. Domestic activities cause pollution, with the following pollutant parameters: organic, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, ammonia, suspended solids and pathogenic organisms. Agricultural activities cause pollution, with parameters: phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen and organic substances. Pollution due to livestock activities is caused by increased organic material content, N, P, K and e-coli. Aquaculture waste causes discharge of phosphorous, nitrogen, vitamins, minerals and also organic substances. These pollutants have increased the nutrient concentration of the water of the Lake waters, resulting in a eutrophication process. Eutrophication is

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BOOK II VOLUME 1 – BASELINE ANALYSIS Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba characterized by more fertile water that benefits the growth of weeds and water hyacinth. If eutrophication is not controlled, then Lake Toba will lose the potential to support life in and around it. A thorough analysis of the nutrient problem of Lake Toba is provided by a Study commissioned by the World Bank: “Developing a Roadmap for Improving Water Quality of Lake Toba Tourist Destination, Indonesia” (prepared by Deltares).

Toba Asahan Water Resources Management Master Plan 2013 (Pola Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air Wilayah Sungai Toba Asahan) Based on the Toba Asahan Water Resources Management Master Plan 2013 by Ministry of Public Works and Housing, the purpose of water resources management is to be as a basic framework in water resources management in the Toba-Asahan River Basin, as well as providing management direction in accordance with the principle of integration between water and ground water, as well as balancing conservation and utilization of water resources, so it can guarantee the water resources management in an integrated, coordinated, and sustainable manner. Besides the national issues about water resources management, some local issues that need to be addressed in the management of Toba Asahan River Basin are: a. Forest damage, especially in the upstream area which is a conservation area and water catchment area. For the catchment area of Lake Toba, it is feared that forest damage can lead to a decrease in the water level of the lake, and then disrupt the hydroelectric power generation system on the Asahan River. b. Floods in agricultural and settlement areas on the lower Asahan River (Kabupaten Asahan and Kota Tanjung Balai). c. The quality of river water has decreased due to the increasing pollution load, which is indicated by domestic, industrial, agricultural and fishery waste. Particularly in the upper areas of the Asahan River, there is a domestic waste disposal directly into the river and the disposal of liquid waste from the paper pulp industry. d. Increased erosion and sedimentation in rivers, and estuaries of the Asahan River and Silau River. Sedimentation in the Asahan River estuary greatly disrupts shipping traffic in the Tanjung Balai port. e. The preservation of the environment, especially its aquatic environment that contaminated with domestic waste, ship fuel, water hyacinth and floating cages. The pollution needs to be routinely monitored, evaluated and reported to related stakeholders. f. Drought and lack of irrigation water. In general, the Toba Asahan River has an abundant water availability compared to its needs, but in some locations drought and water shortages occur, especially in Samosir Island, Kabupaten Samosir. To anticipate this, the development of scattered ponds is needed to be used as an irrigation water supply and other needs. g. Implementation of regional spatial planning. There is land/space utilization that is not in accordance with its designation, especially land use conversion from paddy fields to oil palm plantation areas that are scattered in the Kabupaten Asahan.

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The alternatives for the Asahan River water resources management policy covers 5 (five) aspects, with the elaboration of operational policies as follows: 1. Conservation of water resources: a. Protection and preservation of water resources - Socialization to the community of technical plans for land rehabilitation - Conservation of land in all kecamatans in the Toba-Asahan WS - Monitoring the implementation and maintenance of rehabilitated land - Conducting socialization, training, assistance with a target of 80% of the land being conserved in each kecamatan - Compile the Governor Regulation concerning the designation of the border of the Asahan River - Dissemination and Implementation of Governor Regulations - Implement, supervise and take action for violators of the Governor's Regulation - Providing incentives for the community to increase green open space by 25% of the green open space of all kecamatan capitals in the Toba-Asahan WS - Inventory of locations for extracting non-metallic minerals and socializing to the miners - Establish a mining group and direct its activities in an appropriate location, and is equipped with a mining business permit - Evaluation of all mining activities in accordance with the conditions of the river environment - Control and supervise land conversion in a sustainable manner - RTRW Evaluation - Survey, investigation and design and control of sedimentation - Plan and build a sedimentation control dam (70% of the plan) - Dredging of sediments in the Asahan River, Silau River and Asahan River estuary (500,000 m3/ year) b. Preservation of water resources - Build reservoirs in Kabupaten Samosir and Asahan - Preparing Dam SID on Asahan River - Preparation of dam locations and construction processes - Implementation of dam operations and maintenance on a regular basis - Improvement of irrigation networks and increased OP costs - Empowerment and increase the role of the community in irrigation network maintenance activities - Improve water use efficiency c. Management of water quality and pollution control - Improve river water quality according to the quality standards - Preparing a Governor's Regulation concerning the determination of the categories of the Asahan River - Carry out Prokasih activities - Planning the Asahan River realtime water quality monitoring system - Including environmental in elementary, middle and high school as a local content - Monitoring river water quality and evaluating river water quality conditions - Implementation of Governor Regulations concerning river classes

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- Evaluation of the application of environmental studies at school - Improve urban and rural waste collection services and the addition of landfills - Study of the application of insenerators in each kecamatan capital - Build waste management facilities in an integrated and sustainable manner - Integrated and sustainable waste management 2. Utilization of water resources a. Water resources management - Arrange and set integrated water resources utilization zones with the provincial RTRW and RTRW kota/kabupaten - Evaluate and or determine the re-assignment of water resources utilization zones - Monitor the implementation of water resources utilization zones and conduct reviews if needed - Prepare a study of the designation of water designation and water classes of the Asahan River and other major rivers (Governor Regulation draft) - Implementation of Governor Regulations related to the allocation of river water - Review and reformulate the Governor's Regulation regarding water designation, including river water classes - Establish water designation and river water categories b. Water resources provision - Availability of sufficient water for irrigation and RKI - Maintenance of reservoirs - Preparing Dam SID on Asahan River - Building embung spread in Kabupaten Samosir and Toba Samosir - Compile the detailed design of the dam on the Asahan River - Prepare PDAM raw water infrastructure facilities - Improve PDAM piped water services, reaches 80% for each kabupaten c. Water resources usage - Improve rehabilitation of irrigation networks - Improved the OP costs to 90% normal OP - Inventory of water resources assets and carry out asset management (100% inventoried) - Survey and investigation of the number of cages (Keramba Jaring Apung – KJA) in the waters of Lake Toba - Conduct a study of the carrying capacity of Lake Toba, especially the bay area - Socialization of the effects of karamba on the environment - Arrange zones of Lake Toba surface utilization (as a Governor Regulation) - Evaluation of the Governor's Regulation regarding the surface area of Lake Toba - Increase supervision of the number of cages in Lake Toba d. Water management of Lake Toba - Identification and review the potential water resources for hydroelectric power - Implement PLTM construction from existing potential (Samosir and Toba Samosir) - Carry out the PLTM O & M that has been built - Prepare a study of the potential of raw water for domestic - Implement construction of a drinking water supply system (SPAM) to support 80% of clean water services in each kabupaten 3. Control of water damage a. Prevention of water damage

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- Creating a flood control system for the Asahan River - Evaluation of flood control systems - Carry out the normalization planning of the Asahan River and Silau River - Implementation of river normalization in stages - Implement routine river OPs throughout the year - Compile the Governor Regulation concerning the designation of the border of the Asahan River and Silau River - Dissemination of Governor Regulations - Implementing the Governor's Regulation on river borders - Control of occupancy in the river border area and carry out its supervision - Carry out supervision and enforcement of rules - Planning for the development of a flood early warning system on the Asahan River - Installation of a flood warning system on the Asahan River - Operational flood warning system on the Asahan River - Installation of warning systems in other major rivers - Maintenance of a flood early warning system b. Prevention of water damage - Inspection of flood-prone river (during the dry season) - Implementation of building construction of flood control or embankment - Preparing a dam, survey, investigation and detail design on the Asahan River - Compile the detailed design of the dam on the Asahan River - Survey and investigation of detailed critical coastal locations - Plan and build coastal guard buildings, dredge estuaries / ports - Dredging of the estuary and downstream of the Asahan River\ c. Water damage recovery - Inventory of damage and estimated costs needed for recovery - Allocate annual funds for repairs and rehabilitation 4. Water resources information system a. Provide and complete equipment to support HR capabilities b. Provide routine funding for equipment OPs c. The operation of an integrated SISDA unit between related kabupaten d. Prepare guidelines on comprehensive management of SISDA e. Implementation of guidelines and evaluation of its application 5. Empowering and increasing the role of the community and business world a. Dissemination and extension of sustainable water resources management b. Empower and improve the welfare of upstream and forest communities c. Improve urban and rural waste collection services and the addition of landfills d. Build integrated and sustainable waste treatment facilities e. Prepare the MoU and a trial of the upstream downstream agreement in the Toba- Asahan River Basins f. Monitor the upstream downstream cooperation agreement in the Toba-Asahan River Basins

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Water Supply System Master Plan (Rencana Induk Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum – RISPAM) 1. RISPAM Kabupaten Karo (2012) Based on the RISPAM Kabupaten Karo, there are various potential raw water such as potential spring water, ground water, and surface water. Some of these raw water sources are currently used as raw water for drinking water.

Table 1. 4 Potential Groundwater in Kabupaten Karo

No. Kecamatan Rock Type Groundwater Potential 1 Mardinding Qh : alluvium Moderate productivity and widely Qpk : gravel, sand, clay spread Aquifer, easily obtained shallow groundwater 2 Laubaleng Qh : alluvium Moderate productivity and widely Qpk : gravel, sand, clay spread Aquifer, easily obtained shallow groundwater 3 Tigabinanga Qvt : partially pulled tufa riodasit Productive Aquifer, rare shallow groundwater 4 Juhar Puk : batusabak, filit,metabatu Productive Aquifer, rare shallow pasir, meta batu lempung groundwater 5 Munte Qvt : partially pulled tufa riodasit Productive Aquifer, rare shallow groundwater 6 Kutabuluh Qvt : partially pulled tufa riodasit Productive Aquifer, rare shallow groundwater 7 Payung Qvbs: andesit, dasit, mikrodiorit, Moderate productivity and widely tufa spread Aquifer, rare shallow groundwater 8 Tiganderket Qvsn : lava andesit-dasit Moderate productivity and widely spread Aquifer, rare shallow groundwater 9 Simpang Qvbs: andesit, dasit, mikrodiorit, Moderate productivity and widely Empat tufa spread Aquifer, rare shallow groundwater 10 Naman Qvbs: andesit, dasit, mikrodiorit, Productive Aquifer, rare shallow Teran tufa groundwater QTvk: andesit, dasit dan piroklastik 11 Merdeka Qvbs: andesit, dasit, mikrodiorit, Productive Aquifer, rare shallow tufa groundwater 12 Kabanjahe Qvbs: andesit, dasit, mikrodiorit, Moderate – high productivity and tufa widely spread Aquifer, partially rare shallow groundwater 13 Berastagi Qvbs: andesit, dasit, mikrodiorit, Productive Aquifer, rare shallow tufa groundwater 14 Tigapanah Qvt : partially pulled tufa riodasit Moderate productivity and widely spread Aquifer, rare shallow groundwater 15 Dolat Rayat Qvbs: andesit, dasit, mikrodiorit, Productive Aquifer, rare shallow tufa groundwater 16 Merek Qvt : partially pulled tufa riodasit Productive Aquifer, rare shallow

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No. Kecamatan Rock Type Groundwater Potential groundwater 17 Barusjahe Qvbs: andesit, dasit, mikrodiorit, Moderate productivity and widely tufa spread Aquifer, rare shallow QTvm: piroklastik andesitic- groundwater dasitik

Source: RISPAM Kabupaten Karo, 2012

Table 1. 5 Potential Spring Water in Kabupaten Karo

Location Water Discharge No Spring Water Service Area X Y Z (m) (L/sec) 1 Lau Bawang-1 443574 341525 1.164 40 Kabanjahe 2 Lau Bawang-2 443574 341525 1.164 45 Kabanjahe 3 Lau Peceren 446691 353014 1.377 10 Kabanjahe 4 Lau Berneh 443059 343283 1.183 35 Kabanjahe 5 Lau Melas 2 447769 350303 1.268 29 Kabanjahe 35 Berastagi 6 Lau Melas 1 447769 350303 1.268 15 Kabanjahe 7 Lau Marper 400661 340417 374 26 Lau Baleng 8 Lau Sikite-Kite *) 441715 329698 1.381 50 Kabanjahe 9 Mulia Rakyat 456977 345018 1.331 12 Tiga Panah 10 Lau Naga 429259 345076 902 17 Payung 11 Gunung Manumpak-1 424093 339152 706 7 Tiga Binanga 12 Gunung Manumpak-2 424469 338893 731 19 Tiga Binanga 13 Lau Negeri 424418 334334 783 3 Juhar 14 Lau Namo Suro 3 Juhar 15 Lau Siolioli 430327 337556 914 21 Munte 16 Cibulan *) 441738 329690 1.412 20 Munte 17 Lau Diden 439637 354599 1.381 8 Naman Teran 18 Lau Tupin *) 432755 353355 1.417 8 Naman Teran 19 Lau Pagar Besi 5 Kuta Buluh 20 Lau Rakit 356411 420907 1.660 10 Kuta Buluh 21 Tambak Mbelang *) 449390 351336 1.302 125 Dolat Rayat 22 Lau Simengkur 10 Barus Jahe 23 Lau Badigulen 456977 345018 1.331 14 Barus Jahe 24 Pancur Sepuluh 443710 353091 1.400 10 Merdeka 25 Lau Kapur *) 389878 357954 209 6 Mardinding * ) not yet utilized as raw water for drinking water

Source: RISPAM Kabupaten Karo, 2012

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Table 1. 6 Potential Surface Water in Kabupaten Karo Water Location No Surface Water Discharge Service Area X Y Z (m) (L/sec) Naman Teran, Simpang 1 Danau Lau Kawar 98023’28,8” 3011’46,0” 1.435 285 Empat, Berastagi, Kabanjahe 2 Lau Biang 443804 341530 1.138 12.955 Kabanjahe Tiga Panah, 3 Lau Riman 98029’14,0” 3000’03,0” 1.305 200 Kabanjahe 4 Lau Rakit 98017’35,5” 3009’04,5” 795 100 Kuta Buluh 5 Lau Kapur 98000’27,8” 3014’15,6” 202 15 Mardinding 6 Aek Baluren 440256 322672 1.543 107 Merek 7 Lau Makam 428703 349783 1.055 427 Tiganderket 8 Lau Diden 440057 355261 1.390 122 Simpang Empat

Source: RISPAM Kabupaten Karo, 2012

2. RISPAM Kabupaten Toba Samosir (2012) Based on the RISPAM Kabupaten Toba Samosir, there are various potential raw water especially surface water. Some of these water sources are currently used for drinking water.

Table 1. 7 Potential River in Kabupaten Toba Samosir Elevation Volume No. Kecamatan Village Water Sources Sources Service (lt/sec) 1 Tampahan Tangga Batu Aek Sipitu-pitu 1.378 1.199 196,61 2 Balige Hutanamora Aek Sampuran 1.307 1.004 1.142,86 3 Balige Aek Bolon Jae Mual Paropo 108,00 4 Balige Aek Halian 1.250,00 5 Laguboti Sintong Marnipi Aek Bolon 955 1.025 218,18 6 Laguboti Sidulang Aek Simare 1.077 996 161,54 7 Siantar Siantar Aek Sigordang 919 916 192,00 Narumonda Sigordang 8 Parmaksian Tangga Batu I Aek Sisuhar-suhar 1.259 927 144,23 9 Uluan Parik Aek Salak 1.031 1.069,36 83,33 10 Silaen Sitorus Godang Aek Bolon 977 981 225 11 Silaen Talak Batu Aek Sok Song Batu 1.082 1.028 86,54 12 Silaen Simanobak Aek Bolon 1.120,20 1.020,30 178,13 13 Bonatua Sihiong Aek Sihiong 1.082 1.028 86,54 Lunasi 14 Bonatua Pardolok Lbn Aek Margumis 1.120,30 1.020,30 178,1 Lunasi Lobu 15 Lumban Jangga Aek Jangga 1.103 1.062 133,33 Julu 16 Lumban Lumban Rang Air Terjun Taman 906 948 164,47

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Elevation Volume No. Kecamatan Village Water Sources Sources Service (lt/sec) Julu Eden 17 Lumban Sibaruang Aek Julu 1.028 915 130,26 Julu 18 Bor-bor Simare Aek Simare 1.333 1.334 150 19 Habinsaran Parsoburan Tali Air Bulu Duri 1.071 1.059 96 Tengah 20 Nassau Lumban Pinasa Aek Mela 968 865 95,43 21 Ajibata Sijambur Aek Naborsahan 1.099 929 15 22 Meranti Aek Siharimo 250 Pintu Pohan 23 Porsea Aek Mandosi 500

Source : RISPAM Kabupaten Toba Samosir, 2012

3. RISPAM Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara (2013) Based on this RISPAM, there is a study of raw water sources as shown in the following table. currently most of the water sources have been used for SPAM development.

Table 1. 8 Raw Water Survey in Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Water Discharge Location Kecamatan Water Sources (l/det) Aek Simajambu, Simangumban Jae Simangumban Surface water/ river 2,47 Aek Sarulla Pahae Jae Surface water/ river 4,78

Aek Sipurik-purik, Parsaoran Janji Purba Tua Surface water/ river 2,28 Angkola Aek Sihambing, Simasom Pahae Julu Surface water/ river 0,12

Aek Sei Bilah, Sibalanga Garoga Surface water/ river 0,62

Aek Lobu Singkam Sipoholon Surface water/ river 1,92

Aek Bolon Simarlai lai Siatas Barita Surface water/ river 0,35 Aek Nalas Sipahutar Surface water/ river 9,58 Aek Sampean Pangaribuan Surface water/ river 1,73

Aek Naroran Adian Koting Surface water/ river 1,41

Danau Toba Muara Lake water

Sumber : RISPAM Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, 2012

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4. RISPAM Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan (2017) RISPAM Humbang Hasundutan mentioned that hydrologically, this kabupaten is a watershed upstream area, so that the rivers are relatively small, such as Aek Silang, Aek Simonggo, Aek Sisira, Aek Rambe, Aek Sirahar, Aek Sibundong, and Aek Gondang. The use of springs with 3-20 l /sec discharge is very dominant in existing water supply system, in addition to river water and deep pump wells. There are 9 service zones for piped networks based on their potential raw water with priority of surface water and springs that are currently used, and the development of ground water.

Table 1. 9 Water Supply Service Zone of Humbang Hasundutan

Service Raw Water Priority No Service Area Raw Water Development Zone Surface Water Spring Water 1 A Doloksanggul Aek Sihetek, Pangardahan, Existing water sources are sufficient for and IKK Aek Siborboron Lumban water needs, wells can be developed near Pollung Sibabiat the distribution reservoir if needed 2 B IKK Lintong - Sidempula Existing water sources are sufficient for Nihuta water needs, wells can be developed near the distribution reservoir if needed 3 C IKK Pakkat Aek Existing water sources are sufficient for Simaninggir/ water needs Sirahar 4 D IKK Parlilitan Simataniari Existing water sources are sufficient for water needs 5 E IKK Sipenggeng There is insufficient water source for Paranginan water needs, wells can be developed near the distribution reservoir if needed 6 F IKK Baktiraja - Tombak Sulu- Existing water sources are sufficient for sulu water needs 7 G IKK Onan Aek Sipitu There is insufficient water source for Ganjang Sundut, water needs (Aek Biru), Aek Sipitu Sundut Aek Biru will be developed 8 H IKK Bonandolok Existing water sources are sufficient for Sijamapolang water needs 9 I IKK Lae Rambe There is insufficient water source for Tarabintang water needs, wells can be developed if needed

Source: RISPAM Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan, 2017

5. RISPAM Kabupaten Samosir (2016) Based on RISPAM Samosir, there are various sources of raw water, namely surface water and ground water which will be used as a source for drinking water at every capital of kecamatan (Ibukota Kecamatan – IKK) in Samosir. While for the development of rural SPAM, it will utilize the nearest springs with limited capacity.

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Table 1. 10 Raw Water Potential in Kabupaten Samosir Water Discharge No Capital of Kecamatan (IKK) Raw Water Sources (l/sec) 1 IKK Kabupaten Pangururan Sitapi Gagan Springs 500 Aek Nabotar Springs 72 Simallablabab Springs 200 2 IKK Sianjur Mula-mula Sibokbok Waterfall 10 3 IKK Harian Sipapan River Matio Springs Binanga tel Binanga sampuran 4 IKK Sitio-tio Sitio-tio Springs 5 IKK Onan Runggu 21 rivers Limited capacity 6 IKK Nainggolan Lake Toba 7 IKK Palipi Lake Toba 8 IKK Ronggur Nihuta Tao Sidihoni 9 IKK Simanindo Lake Toba

Source: RISPAM Kabupaten Samosir, 2016

6. RISPAM Kabupaten Pakpak Barat (2014)

Based on the RISPAM Kabupaten Toba Samosir, there are various potential raw water namely surface water and ground water which will be used as a source for drinking water.

Table 1. 11 River Characteristics as Raw Water in Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat

Location Discharge Coordinate Elevation (m3/Sec) and No River Topography Village (masl) Sub-DAS Area N E (km2) DAS Lae Ordi A1 Lae Sicike- Pardomuan 0432514 0273122 1312 Hill 0,24 Cike A2 Lae Mbulan Lae Langge 0433636 0277826 1090 Hill 0,72 and 4,5 Namuseng A3 Lae Ordi Pananggalan 0427140 0278340 920 Slope Binanga Boang A4 Lae Une Kecupak I 0421082 0282049 828 Hill 0,68 A5 Lae Kecupak I 0415725 0282733 611 Hill 0,42 Simeratah A6 Lae Kuta Kecupak I 0415060 0282868 576 Flat 0,21 Tengah DAS Lae Kombih A7 Lae Kandes Bandar Baru 0413458 0288003 502 Slope 0,1 A8 Lae Ordi Majanggut Ii 0413938 0283045 485 Hill/ Steep A9 Lae Boang Manalu 0425179 0282636 867 Slope 0,42 Salembatu A10 Lae Angkat Kuta Jungak 0429431 0285893 962 Slope 1,12 and 5,7 A11 Lae Peradah Siempatrube I 0429130 0288071 1137 Slope 0,44 A12 Lae Tepuh Siempatrube I 0429063 0287503 1130 Slope 0,1

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Location Discharge Coordinate Elevation (m3/Sec) and No River Topography Village (masl) Sub-DAS Area N E (km2) A13 Lae Kombih Siempatrube Ii 0427950 0283506 903 Hill/ Steep 40,17 A14 Lae Mbilulu Buluh Tellang 0427642 0288699 2063 Hill/ Steep 40,22 A15 Lae Kerajaan Kutadame 0422559 0292517 749 Hill/ Steep 1,13 A16 Lae Kutasaga 0422547 0292046 772 Hill/ Steep 4,01 Pengiringan A17 Lae Paku Sukaramai 0418031 0293692 567 Slope 2,29 A18 Lae Arkis Sukaramai 0418031 0289612 581 Slope 1,72 A19 Lae Ndarsal Bandar Baru 0417364 0288043 573 Slope 1,28 and 6,7 (Lae Adam) A20 Lae Merkena Majanggut I 0422060 0288043 717 Slope 0,2 A21 Lae Kemenir Tinada 0424424 0287214 744 Slope 1,76 A22 Lae Mbanak Perlihen 0412292 0294405 445 Slope 1,51 A23 Lae Tomel Mbinalum 0410897 0294569 375 Slope 0,21 and 4,2 A24 Lae Buluhdidi Malum 0406348 0294022 336 Slope 3,1 A25 Lae Malem Malum 0402166 0294906 382 Slope 0,58 A26 Lae Malum 0401072 0296047 395 Slope 0,63 Bertungun

Source: RISPAM Kabupaten Pakpak Barat, 2014

Table 1. 12 Spring Potential in Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat

No Kecamatan Location 1 Salak Desa Salak I, Desa Bongmanalu, Desa Kutatinggi, Desa Sibongkaras 2 Sitellu Tali Urang Jehe Desa Malum, Desa Bandarbaru, Desa Kaban Tengah, Desa Mbinalum 3 Pagindar Desa Pagindar, Desa Lae Mbentar, Desa Napatalun Perlambuken 4 Sitellu Tali Urang Julu Desa Lae Langge Namuseng, Desa Ulumerah, Desa Pardomuan 5 Pergetteng-getteng Desa Kecupak I, Desa Kecupak II, Desa Simerpara, Desa Aomakan II Sengkut 6 Kerajaan Desa Sukaramai, Desa Perpulungan , Desa Kuta Dame, Desa Surung Mersada, Desa Kuta Meriah, Desa Majanggut II 7 Tinada Desa Mahala, Desa Prongil, Desa Kuta Babo, Desa Silima Kutaa 8 Siempat Rube Desa Kuta Jungak, Desa Mungkut, Desa Siempat Rube 4

Source : RISPAM Kabupaten Pakpak Barat, 2014

7. RISPAM Kabupaten Dairi (2012) and RISPAM Kabupaten Simalungun (2012) RISPAM Dairi and Simalungun are not comprehensuve, so there is no assessment of the potential of raw water that will be utilized for water supply system.

Settlement Sanitation Acceleration Program (Program Percepatan Pembangunan Sanitasi Permukiman – PPSP) PPSP has produce several documents within 8 kabupatens, namely Sanitation White Book (Buku Putih Sanitasi – BPS), City/Kabupaten Sanitation Strategy (Strategi Sanitasi Kota/Kabupaten – SSK), Sanitation Program Memorandum (Memorandum Program Sanitasi – MPS), and the amendment of SSK. 1. Kabupaten Dairi

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The latest PPSP is SSK (2015) as a continuation of the preparation of the BPS (2014) which stated several issues such as the high number of open defecation (40%), polluted drinking water (29%), and waste management (18,9%). While the SSK document mentioned various service improvement strategies, including 0% open defecation target, achievement of minimum service standards for drinking water, waste water, garbage and drainage. 2. Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan The latest PPSP document is the Amendment of SSK (2017) as an update for 2014 SSK. The document stated that there are still 32,27% open defecation, with no IPLT and wastewater regulations. For the waste sector there are still 87.65% unprocessed waste with an open dumping system landfill site in Saitnihutadan Pakkat Village. In 2017 a new landfill site was built in Kecamatan Lintong Nihuta but the lack of solid waste infrastructure is also still a problem. For the drainage sector there is still an inundation on 11,5 Ha out of the total built area with no connected drainage network, high sedimentation and narrow water catchment. The document also listed various strategies to improve sanitation, including the division of the SPALD zone and waste management according to the characteristics of the city. 3. Kabupaten Karo The latest PPSP document is the Amendment of SSK (2015). The document mentioned that there are still 15% open defecation, with no IPLT, only 3 units of IPAL, and several constraints on non-technical aspects. For the waste sectors, there are only 24% of waste transported to the open dumping system landfill site with lease status, by lacking waste transportation facilities. And the drainage sector there is still inundation on 500 hectares of land, with no integration of the network condition and insufficient condition of the channel. Various technical and non-technical strategies are written on the document to overcome the conditions. 4. Kabupaten Pakpak Barat The latest PPSP document is the Amendment of SSK (2015). The quality of the document is poor because the sanitation profile is incomplete and inadequate. 5. Kabupaten Samosir The latest PPSP document is the Amendment of SSK (2018) which still incomplete, with partially updated sanitation profile data. For the wastewater sector, there are still 52,3% unsafe septic tanks, and 19% open defecation, with no IPLT. For the waste sector, only 5,8% of the waste has been transported to the landfill site in Ronggur Nihuta with an open dumping system. For the well categorized drainage sector in the urban area is already has an adequate drainage system. Inundation occurs due to malfunctioning of the drainage system. 6. Kabupaten Simalungun The latest PPSP document is the Amendment of SSK (2016). The quality of the document is poor because sanitation profile information, strategies and programs are incomplete. It is said that there are 4,8% open defecation, with no IPLT. For the waste sector, only 29,71% served with a controlled landfill. For the drainage sector, there are still 11% or 5.043,68 Ha inundation.

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7. Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara The latest PPSP document is the 2014 SSK as an update of 2013 BPS. The document stated that there are 30% open defecation, and there is no communal water waste treatment plant (IPAL) or centralized processing plant, nor any IPLT. While the waste sector has already covered 50% transported waste to open dumping system landfill site. The drainage sector still has 150 Ha of inundation in Kecamatan Tarutung and Sipoholon. 8. Kabupaten Toba Samosir The latest PPSP document is the Amendment of SSK (2016). The document states that there are still 13.125 households did open defecation, despite the existence of 94 public toilets and 1 IPAL in Ajibata, with no IPLT. In the solid waste sector, 72,5% of the residents perform waste combustion, and only 6,3% was transported to landfill site. While there is no inundation data in Toba Samosir.

Technical Planning on Solid Waste Management (Perencanaan Teknis Manajemen Persampahan – PTMP) All 8 kabupatens within Lake Toba do not have Solid Waste Management Master Plan (Rencana Induk Pengelolaan Sampah – RIPS) yet, however 4 of them have Solid Waste Management Technical Plan (Perencanaan Teknis Manajemen Persampahan – PTMP) as their legal documents for solid waste sector. 1. PTMP Kabupaten Simalungun (2016)

PTMP Kabupaten Simalungun covered solid waste management strategy for 2017 – 2036. The existing condition of solid waste management system covered waste generation and their characteristic was determined by sampling but the service coverage is unavailable; Final Processing Site (Tempat Pembuangan Akhir – TPA) is in Kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon with the area of 4 Ha to serve 23 kecamatans within TDA. Solid waste management mostly based on central level policies (Undang-undang, Peraturan Pemerintah, and Peraturan Menteri), while at regional level there are Peraturan Daerah No. 10 of 2012 on RTRW Kabupaten Simalungun 2011 – 2031 which included solid waste management and Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Simalungun No. 10 of 2011 on public services to include solid waste management system. However, Peraturan Daerah which specifically adresses solid waste management has not been formulated and it should be under Cleanliness and Parks Office’s (Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan) responsibility. Waste handling is planned to reach 50% (assumed) and waste reduction 50% by the end of 2036 which will serve 22 out of 31 kecamatans. There will be 3 TPAs, namely Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Panombeian Panei, and Bandar. The implementation of PTMP has been seen by the development of new TPA Panombeian Panei and the sanitary landfill system is still being constructed. However, the service coverage of solid waste in Kabupaten Simalungun in 2019 is still below 70%.

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2. PTMP Kabupaten Toba Samosir (2016)

PTMP Kabupaten Toba Samosir covered solid waste management strategy for 2017 – 2036. The existing condition of solid waste management system covered waste generation and their characteristic was determined by sampling. TPA within Kabupaten Toba Samosir are TPA Pintu Bosi in Kecamatan Laguboti with an area of 2 Ha and TPA Sijambur in Kecamatan Ajibata with an area of 0,2 Ha. Solid waste management mostly based on central level policies (Undang-undang, Peraturan Pemerintah, and Peraturan Menteri), while at regional level there are RTRW Kabupaten Toba Samosir 2016 – 2035 which included waste handling and Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Toba Samosir No. 6 of 2010 on solid waste retribution. However, Peraturan Daerah which specifically adresses solid waste management has not been formulated and it should be under Cleanliness and Parks Office’s (Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan) responsibility. Waste handling is planned to reach 50% (assumed) and waste reduction 50% by the end of 2036 in which 70% of waste in urban area transported to TPA by the end of 2019, and 80% transported to TPA by the end of 2021, and 100 % by the end of 2036. TPA Pintu Bosi will upgraded to controlled landfill in 2020 by extending the area to 5,5 Ha. In addition, solid waste service coverage in Kabupaten Toba Samosir 2019 is still below 70%.

3. PTMP Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan (2016)

PTMP Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan covered solid waste management strategy for 2017 – 2036. The existing condition of solid waste management system covered waste generation and their characteristic was determined by sampling. TPA within Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan is TPA Sait Nihuta in Kecamatan Dolok Sanggul (8 Ha) with an open dumping system. In line with the 2 other kabupatens, solid waste management mostly based on central level policies, while at regional level there are RTRW Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan 2011 – 2031 which included waste handling and Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan No. 3 of 2013 on solid waste retribution. However, Peraturan Daerah which specifically adresses solid waste management has not been formulated and it should be under Cleanliness and Parks Office’s (Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan) responsibility. Waste handling is planned to reach 50% (assumed) and waste reduction 50% by the end of 2036 in which 70% of waste in urban area transported to TPA by the end of 2019, and 80% transported to TPA by the end of 2021, and 100 % by the end of 2036. TPA Pintu Bosi will upgraded to controlled landfill in 2020 by extending the area to 5,5 Ha. In addition, solid waste service coverage in Kabupaten Toba Samosir 2019 is still below 70%. Development target for solid waste management divided into their development period, which are short-tem (2017 – 2019): 70% waste transported to TPA, 10% by waste collector, and 20% processed in TPS3R; mid-term (2020 – 2024): 65% transported to TPA, 10% by waste collector, and 20% processed in TPS3R; long-term (2025 – 2036): 55 % transported to TPA, 10% by waste collector, 20% processed in TPS3R. The new TPA

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located in Nagasari IV, Kecamatan Lintong Nihuta with sanitary landfill will be operated in 2020.

4. PTMP Kabupaten Dairi (2016)

PTMP Kabupaten Dairi covered solid waste management strategy for 2017 – 2036. The existing condition of solid waste management system covered waste generation and their characteristic was determined by sampling with 11,2% service coverage. TPA within Kabupaten Dairi is TPA Karing in Kecamatan Berampu (4 Ha). 2 Ha of them are controlled landfill system and the rest are open dumping system. At regional level there are RTRW Kabupaten Dairi 2014 – 2034 which included waste handling and Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Dairi No. 5 of 2014 on solid waste retribution. However, Peraturan Daerah which specifically adresses solid waste management has not been formulated and it should be under Cleanliness and Parks Office’s (Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan) responsibility. Waste handling is planned to reach 65% by the end of 2036 and processed in the new TPA Bintang, Kecamatan Sidikalang with the area of 4,5 Ha with sanitary landfill system.

Environmental Management Plan According to the North Sumatera Spatial Plan, the Lake Toba region owns many protected areas that are designated with the primary function of protecting environmental sustainability which includes natural resources, built resources and the historical and cultural value of the nation in the interests of sustainable development (Presidential Decree 32 of 1990 on Management of Protected Areas). Protected areas include conservation areas and protected forests that have characteristics in protecting the surrounding landscapes. While the size of conservation forests is only 56.703,21 hectares, protected forest plays an important role in the Toba region, because forests in general occupy 1.143.943 hectares of land in the eight Kabupatens surrounding Lake Toba. The forests have a major function in regulating water management, next to preventing floods and erosion, maintaining soil fertility, serve as a ‘lung’ for cities and perform other ecological functions that can be used for mutual benefit (Act 41/1999). Protected forest is managed by the Management Unit that is responsible to the Provincial and Kabupaten governments. While the Forest Management Plan is prepared by this regional/local Management Unit, it must be legalized by the Central Government. The Management Plan includes a spatial plan that divides the forest area into two blocks: protection and utilization. Within the utilization block the Government allows to develop environmental services under the Government Regulation No. 6 of 2007. These environmental services include tourism and flora and fauna utilization. Given the policy of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry to increase their non-tax state income from the forests, tourism is one of the environment services that is allowed to be privatized in the protected forests. For this reason, many kabupaten Governments have encouraged the forest managers to develop tourism in their areas. Yet, most of the forest protection management are lacking an understanding of what type of tourism is appropriate for their areas. Most protected forest management plans still present ‘generic tourism

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Position and Role of Lake Toba in Regional Development Policies Based on the spatial planning and tourism development documents for regional development policy in general in general, it can be concluded that the existence of the Lake Toba Region is an asset of strategic value at all government levels: national, regional and local. An extensive compilation of all the documents that underpin this conclusion is to be found in Table 25 of Appendix II. The strategic value carried out by the Lake Toba Region in all documents not only regards the spatial planning and tourism sectors, but is also related to economic development in general, socio-cultural development, and preservation of the environment. In the documents at local level, three kabupaten do not specifically focus on their position and role in the framework of the development of tourism in the Lake Toba region as a whole. These are Humbang Hasundutan, Dairi, and PakPak Bharat as can be seen from the lack of a designation of the Lake Toba area as a ‘strategic area’. These three kabupaten only deal with the Lake Toba area as part of their structure plans addressing the overall spatial pattern of the region. In addition, when viewed from the policy point of view, the existing planning documents demonstrate that management directions are different among kabupatens. Some orient their policies mainly towards economic development, such as Tapanuli Utara and Toba Samosir. Others are also oriented towards economic development, but are also concerned with maintaining environmental sustainability, as is the case for Samosir and Simalungun. The differences in management orientation and perspective at local level result in proposed programs that vary from kabupaten to kabupaten. Specifically related to KTA which will be discussed in detail in this activity, including the establishment of activity centers in KTA locations in various existing planning documents. It is a direction for regional development of KTA which can be seen in the following table.

Table 1. 13 KTA Development in Regulatory Framework

KTA Direction Sources

Parapat Local Activity Center (PKL) Parapat Kabupaten Simalungun Spatial Plan Primary Growth Center Lake Toba Spatial Plan Special attraction development (MICE, National Tourism Stategic Area resort) and Lake Toba cruise gate Masterplan of Lake Toba Simanindo Promoted Local Activity Center (PKLp) Kabupaten Samosir Spatial Plan Simanondo Secondary Growth Center Lake Toba Spatial Plan Tourism port and attraction based on National Tourism Stategic Area rural-cultural potential (tourism Masterplan of Lake Toba village) Pangururan Local Activity Center (PKL) Pangururan North Sumatra Province Spatial Plan Promoted Regional Activity Center Kabupaten Toba Samosir Spatial Plan (PKWp) Pangururan

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KTA Direction Sources Primary Growth Center Lake Toba Spatial Plan Premier Batak’s Waterfront City Masterplan and Development Plan (MPDP) of Urban Area around Lake Toba Balige Regional Activity Center (PKW) Balige National Spatial Plan, Kabupaten Toba Samosir Spatial Plan

Primary Growth Center Lake Toba Spatial Plan

Green Tobafront City Masterplan and Development Plan (MPDP) of Urban Area around Lake Toba

Tourism attraction development based National Tourism Stategic Area on ecological and rural Batak potential Masterplan of Lake Toba

Sources: Team Analysis, 2018

Planning Document Review Based on the results of a review of all documents related to the development of the Lake Toba and surrounding areas, several constraints and opportunities can be identified that can affect the overall process of preparing and implementing the ITMP. The constraints and opportunities are related to: - The content of the substances regulated, especially those related to the policy focus for the management and planning of Lake Toba and the direction of its location. In this context, the identification process will be carried out by looking at the alignment between the documents with each other related to the policy focus and location direction both vertically and horizontally, so that potential conflicts and potential for mutually reinforcing can be identified when the document is implemented. - The legal status of the document examined is indicated by the status of legalization up to 2018. In this context, the identification process will be carried out by identifying the legal status of each document to be used as a reference for planning by observing the existence or absence of regulations that stipulate policies and the type of regulation that stipulates it, so that it can be known to what extent the document's policy will be realized.

Opportunities and constraints of each planning document can be seen in Table 1.14. Furthermore, the interrelation between planning documents (spatial planning, tourism planning, sectoral planning as well as other study) can be described in the following diagram. In the planning framework context, the spatial planning document provides direction for spatial allocation for the development of human activities, the tourism development plan document provides guidance on tourism development including its activities and infrastructure, while the sectoral plans provide direction and references for sectoral development that supports the tourism development in the region.

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SPATIAL PLAN DOCUMENT TOURISM DOCUMENT SECTORAL DOCUMENT

NATIONAL SPATIAL NATIONAL TOURISM MARKET ANALYSIS AND PLAN MASTE RPLAN DEMAND ASSESSMENT (PP 13/2017) (PP 50/2011) WATER QUALITY STUDY FOR LAKE TOBA DETAILED SPATIAL PLAN OF SUMATRA ISLAND MASTER PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH, (Perpres 13/2012) AND DETAILED PLAN OF LAKE AND SAFETY GUIDELINES TOBA AND ITS DETAILED SPATIAL PLAN OF SURROUNDING LAND WATER INVESTIGATIONS LAKE TOBA STRATEGIC AREA IN THE AREA OF TOBA LAKE, (Perpres 81/2014) NORTH SUMATRA

NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM LAKE TOBA URBAN AREA MASTERPLAN AND SURROUND LAKE TOBA DETERMINATION OF FOREST DEVELOPMENT MASTERPLAN AND AREA PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN NATIONAL

SPATIAL PLAN OF NORTH SUMATRA NORTH SUMATRA TOURISM MASTER GEOPARK TOBA MASTERPLAN (Perda 2/2017) PLAN PROVINCE

REGENCY SPATIAL REGENCY TOURISM CITY SANITATION STRATEGY PLAN MASTER PLAN (8 kabupaten) (7 kabupaten) LOCAL TRANSPORTATION MASTER PLAN DETAILED SPATIAL RURAL AREA PLANNING AND URBAN MASTERPLAN DESIGN GUIDELINE KABUPATEN

INTEGRATED TOURISM MASTER PLAN

derivative

reference

Figure 1. 15 The Relationship Between Planning Documents

Source: Team Analysis, 2019

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Table 1. 14 Opportunities and Constraints of Existing Regulations

DOCUMENT OPPORTUNITIES CONSTRAINTS SPATIAL PLAN National Spatial Having legal status in Government Regulation No. 13 of 2017 on Because it is a national policy, the substance regulated in this Plan (RTRWN) amendments to Government Regulation No. 26 of 2008 on document is in the form of general direction and does not National Regional Spatial Planning. Government Regulation is the designate a specific location delineation (only an indicative legal regulation for the highest operational policy in Indonesia, so location point), so that it requires detailed documents from this that each region (province and kabupaten) is obliged to make this National spatial plan to be used as a reference document a reference in the implementation of spatial planning in its area

Spatial Plan of • Having legal status in Presidential Regulation No. 81 of 2014 on Planning is arranged with a depth of information of 1: 25,000 the National the Lake Toba National Strategic Area Spatial Plan. The policies which means that it is equivalent to the depth of information in Strategic Area of established through this presidential regulation have the power the RTRW, while the depth of information for the Provincial RTRW Lake Toba (RTR to be referenced by province and kabupaten. is 1: 100,000 and the kabupaten RTRW is 1: 50,000. This means KSN Danau Toba • Having substance in more detailed policy directions that have that RTR KSN that should have been referred by the provincial and dan Sekitarnya) district RTRWs has a more detailed level of information, so that explained the specific delineation of the Lake Toba region and its when translating in the provincial and kabupaten RTRWs it is surroundings, along with the spatial structure plan and spatial possible to re-generalize pattern plan

Spatial Plan of • It has legal status in Regional Regulation No. 2 of 2017 on • Even though it is designated as KSP, the policy directives are North Sumatra Spatial Planning of North Sumatra Province, so that it has a different from the policy directions in the KSN. As KSN, the Lake Province (RTRW strong legal basis to be used as a reference in the preparation of Toba area is directed as a strategic area from the point of view Provinsi the kabupaten RTRW of environmental interests, while as a KSP it is designated as a Sumatera Utara) • The area of Lake Toba and its surroundings is directed as KSP strategic area not only in terms of environmental interests, but which is in line with the determination of this region as the KSN also in terms of cultural and economic social interests. This in the Lake Toba National Surrounding Area RTR and difference in focus of attention has the potential to cause Surroundings conflict in its implementation. • Determination of Balige and Sidikalang as PKW is in line with the • There are differences in the determination of PKW between the directives of the RTRWN RTRWN and RTRW North Sumatera, wherein the Provincial

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DOCUMENT OPPORTUNITIES CONSTRAINTS RTRW proposes the addition of Tarutung as PKW in addition to Sidikalang and Balige as determined by the RTRWN RTRW Kabupaten The area of Lake Toba and surrounding areas is directed as KSK • RTRW Kabupaten Karo has no legal power and is still limited to Karo which is in line with the determination of this area as KSP in the studies, so the possibility of being used as a reference in the RTRW Provinsi Sumatera and KSN at the RTR KSN implementation of spatial planning is weak • The Lake Toba area is directed to fisheries activities with the use of floating cages for the cultivation process, which contradict the direction of the KSN in RTRWN and RTR KSN policies to preserve the environment in the region. • There are directives for local activity center (PKL) that are different between RTRW kabupaten and provincial RTRW RTRW Kabupaten • The area of Lake Toba and surrounding areas is directed as KSK There are directives for PKL that are different between RTRW Simalungun which is in line with the determination of this area as KSP in kabupaten and provincial RTRW provincial RTRW and KSN in RTR KSN

• It has legal status in Regional Regulation No. 10 of 2012 on RTRW Kabupaten Simalungun 2011-2031, so that it has the power to be used as the basis for the implementation of spatial planning in the region • The direction of Lake Toba policy as KSK is carried out by balancing social, economic and environmental interests in line with the direction of the provincial RTR

RTRW Kabupaten • The area of Lake Toba and surrounding areas is directed as KSK • RTRW Kabupaten Samosir does not have legal power and is still Samosir which is in line with the determination of this area as KSP in the limited to studies, so the possibility of being used as a reference RTRW provinsi and KSN at the RTR KSN in the implementation of spatial planning is weak • The direction of the Lake Toba policy as KSK is carried out by • There are directives for PKW and PKL proposals that are balancing social, economic and environmental interests in line different from the directions of the RTRW provinsi and RTRWN, with the direction of the provincial RTRW in addition to PKW Balige, so that there is the potential for conflict •

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DOCUMENT OPPORTUNITIES CONSTRAINTS RTRW Kabupaten • It has legal status in Regional Regulation No 12 of 2017 on • The area of Lake Toba and its surroundings is directed as KSK, Toba Samosir RTRW Kabupaten Toba Samosir 2017-2037, so that it has the but with an economic interest point of view, so that it is power to be used as the basis for the implementation of spatial different from the regional development directions found in the planning in the regions RTRWN, RTR KSN, and provincial RTRW • The direction of the Lake Toba policy as KSK is carried out by • There are directives for PKW and PKL proposals that are balancing social, economic and environmental interests in line different from the directions of the RTRW provinsi and RTRWN, with the direction of the provincial RTRW so that they can potentially lead to conflict

RTRW Tapanuli • It has legal status in Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2017 on RTRW The area of Lake Toba and its surroundings is directed as KSK, but Utara Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara 2017-2037, so that it has the power to with an economic interest, so that it is different from the regional be used as the basis for the implementation of spatial planning development directions found in the RTRWN, RTR KSN, and RTRW in the regions provinsi • Determination of Tarutung's proposal as PKW in this document is in line with the provincial RTRW, so that there is no potential for conflict

RTRW Kabupaten • The development of the region is directed to agribusiness • RTRW Kabupaten Dairi does not yet have legal power and is still Dairi development and environmental insight, which is in line with the limited to studies, so the possibility of being used as a reference direction of the RTRWN, RTR KSN, and provincial RTRW in the implementation of spatial planning is weak • The determination of Sidikalang as PKW is in line with the • Lake Toba area is not used as a KSK, so the orientation of the direction of the RTRWN policy development of the region is not fully focused on the development of Lake Toba • Tourism development centered on Sidikalang which is outside the ITMP planning area (outside of TDA)

RTRW Kabupaten Determination of Dolok Sanggul as PKL is in line with the policy • RTRW Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan has no legal power Humbang direction of the provincial RTRW and is still limited to studies, so the possibility of being used as Hasundutan a reference in the implementation of spatial planning is weak • There are directions for development around the lake, especially in Baktiraja District, which has the potential to become a burden on lake damage if it is not followed by

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DOCUMENT OPPORTUNITIES CONSTRAINTS environmental conservation policies

RTRW Pakpak The direction of space policy is directed at agricultural • RTRW Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat has no legal strength and is Bharat development so that it supports the development of ecotourism still limited to studies, so the possibility of being used as a reference in the implementation of spatial planning in Pakpak Bharat District is very weak • The Lake Toba area is not used as a KSK, so the orientation of the development of the region is not fully focused on the development of Lake Toba

TOURISM MASTER PLAN Ripparnas • Lake Toba is designated as one of the DPNs. This determination The policy direction set out in Ripparnas is still macro policy and has the consequence that the area around DPN is a national- the location allocation is indicative, so it requires further detail for scale tourist destination. In addition, Lake Toba is also the planning process. designated as one of 88 National Tourism Strategic Areas (KSPN). It shows that Lake Toba has an important role in tourism, such as economics, social growth, and culture, protection of natural resources, and the existence of carrying capacity. Tourism development of Lake Toba has become a national priority. • It has legal status in Government Regulation No. 50 of 2011 on the National Tourism Development Master Plan for 2010 – 2025

Ripparprov of Policy directives in this document are specific to the development Not all kabupatens, except Kabupaten Karo, Humbang North Sumatra of tourism, so that they can be used as consideration in Hasundutan, Toba Samosir, Pakpak Bharat, and Tapanuli Utara, Ripparda of Karo developing ITMP have regional tourism master plans as a reference for tourism development. Therefore, for Dairi, Samosir, and Simalungun, the Ripparda of direction of tourism development does not have detailed Humbang Hasundutan references and only relies on directives from the kabupaten RTRW. Ripparda of Toba Not all of these documents have clear legal status so that they Samosir

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DOCUMENT OPPORTUNITIES CONSTRAINTS Ripparda of cannot be used as an official reference for tourism development at Pakpak Bharat ITMP Ripparda of North Tapanuli Masterplan of Policy directives in this document are specific to the development The development orientation in this document has the potential to Toba caldera of geosite (and are already equipped with geosite locations) so cause conflict because there are differences in policy orientation Geopark that they can be used as consideration for developing tourism in with tourism master plans that are oriented towards economic geosite development

SECTORAL PLAN Transport and There is a policy direction for developing regional transportation Planning for the development of transportation is not followed by Roads through the region which can be used as a reference for the the direction of the implementing institution so that it has the development of the transportation system potential to create a conflict of interest in its implementation

Water Supply and Based on Governor Regulation No. 1 In 2009, there were water The achievement of class 1 water quality has the potential to be Sanitation quality standards in Lake Toba which were directed to reach class 1 difficult to achieve due to the utilization of lake water for which indicated that water quality was expected to be used for community economic activities as directed in the kabupaten RTRW drinking water. With this policy there are clear directions regarding water quality standards that must be achieved.

Environment There are directives for forest areas and protected areas that have Forest areas and protected areas stipulated in the laws and Management been established through ministerial regulations that have binding regulations have the potential for conflict because their existing plan legal powers for province and kabupatens. conditions have developed as built-up areas

Source: Team Analysis, 2019

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INCEPTION REPORT

Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Cover sub bab KEDUDUKAN DAN PERAN KAWASAN DANAU TOBA DALAM KONSTELASI KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH

INCEPTION REPORT

APPENDIX

Positioning and Role of Lake Toba 3-0

APPENDIX I Stakeholder Engagement Plan Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

APPENDIX I.

Stakeholder Engagement Plan Stakeholders have been distinguished into four categories: a. Central Government (ministries and other national institutions); b. Regional and Local Government (province and regency); c. Private Sector (association and operators); and d. Local Communities and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs).

For each stakeholder in the table below its general role has been formulated and adjusted to Perpres 14 Year 2018 to see which stakeholders need coordination and commitment to develop sustainable tourism, together with the specific role the stakeholder is expected to play for Lake Toba tourism development, and the outputs this stakeholder needs to provide as an input for the ITMP. In the last column, the way the stakeholder will be approached in the ITMP preparation process is indicated.

For a core group of stakeholders at the central, regional, and local level, the approach will be based on the co-design concept: a way to involve stakeholders directly in the design process and make them share the outcomes. Co-design activities will be organized on a one-to-one basis, or on the basis of small groups of stakeholders that have a common interest or are otherwise interrelated. Co-design sessions will be characterized by an informal atmosphere, free discussions, and “out-of-the-box” thinking. Co-design aims at releasing maximum creativity and fostering maximum understanding of each other’s interests, opportunities, and constraints.

To the co-design core-group belong the Ministries comprised of Ministry of Public Works and Housing (including Regional Infrastructure Development Agency, Directorate General of Highways, of Water Resources, of Human Settlements, of Housing Provision), of Tourism, of Transportation, of Energy and Mineral Resources, of Education and Culture, and of Environment and Forestry, together with the Development Planning Agencies at Sub-National Level, the Culture and Tourism Offices, and the Spatial Planning Offices of the Province of North Sumatra, and of the eight Regencies that are located in the Toba region. Other Government stakeholders, either at National or Regional/Local level will be approached on a consultation basis, again either in one-by-one settings or in relevant (small) groupings.

Non-government stakeholders will mostly be approached in forums and focus groups discussions, keeping the size of the groups small enough to be ensured of a meaningful discussion in which all stakeholders present get the opportunity to bring their views forward. Next, to the focus group discussions, individual stakeholders will also be approached for interviews, generally based on open, though pre-structured questionnaires. Whenever useful, also with some of these stakeholders co-design sessions will be organized.

At the end of each phase of the work (baseline phase, the draft design phase, final reporting phase) plenary sessions will be organized, both in Jakarta (for the central/national level stakeholders and the World Bank) and in the Lake Toba region (for the provincial/local stakeholders, the private sector stakeholders and the community/NGO stakeholders), to present the results of each phase and discuss these with the audience prior to submitting the results to the assigner. MPWH-RIDA together with the Tourism Management Authority of the Lake Toba Area is expected to establish the linking pin between the National and the Toba Region level.

Next to the dedicated stakeholder engagement approach as described above, also existing coordination mechanisms will be used in the best possible way.

Appendix I I-79

endix

APPENDIX I Stakeholder Engagement Plan Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

A. CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism 1. Coordinating Coordination, Coordinate and Guidelines for Consultation Ministry of synchronization and controlling the planning and Maritime Affairs control the Ministry of Energy monitoring of Lake administration in the and Mineral Toba development field of maritime and Resources, Ministry resources of Transportation, and Ministry of Tourism 2. National a. Formulation of Planning, controlling, a. Guidelines for Consultation, Development National and evaluating tourism planning multi- Planning Development Plan integrated tourism in Lake Toba stakeholder Agency b. Control and development in Lake b. Guidelines for forums, evaluate the Toba in the monitoring and documents implementation of framework of the evaluation of review, the National National tourism in Lake coordination Development Plan Development Plan Toba meetings

3. Ministry of Regional integration a. Assigner a. Guidance of the Regular progress Public Works of infrastructure b. Coordinator of Consultant meetings, co- and Housing - development the regional b. Integration of design, Regional programs infrastructure ITMP Toba dicussions in Infrastructure development results in BKPR forum Development program regional Agency development planning for the Lake Toba area 4. Ministry of Construction and Include national Effective Co-design, Public Works maintenance of roads measures implementation of documents and Housing - national class roads according to ITMP in necessary national review, Directorate and amenities their own programs road measures discussions in General of and take care of Supervision of Highways budgeting and Integrated implementation Tourism Transportation Board 5. Ministry of National level Water Dealing with water Water quality and Co-design, Public Works Resources quality and quantity quantity discussions in and Housing - management problems of Lake management action Board of Directorate Toba (shared plan including Pollution Control General of responsibility with budget (recovery of of Lake Toba Water Ministry of oligotrophic status) Resources Environment and Forestry) 6. Ministry of National Human Include Lake Toba Co-design, multi- Public Works Settlements Planning settlement planning stakeholder and Housing - according to ITMP in forums, Directorate national settlement documents General of planning and review implementation

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APPENDIX I Stakeholder Engagement Plan Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism Human Settlements 7. Ministry of a. National Tourism a. Facilitation for a. Facilitating/ Semi-structured Tourism Policy local authorities assisting the interviews, multi- Development in implementing local stakeholder b. Development of the plan, as well government as forums, co- National Priority as industries and well as design, Destinations tourism labor to enforcing the documents c. Development of meet standards detailed plan review, the tourism b. Monitoring of b. Facilitating the coordination Industry, include tourism implementation meetings Human Resource investments of standard Development c. As a leading certification d. Policy and sector in ITDP, c. Monitoring and Program for leading Pokja I evaluation of Investment (integrated and investment Incentives sustainable realization tourism planning) and Pokja III (improvement of human resource quality, industry, and institutions in tourism development) according to Kepmen Bappenas No. 86 of 2018 8. Tourism Formulating the Planning, a. Implementing Coordination Management development of their coordination, programs in the meetings, co- Authority of authority zone synchronization, context of design, semi- Lake Toba Area facilitating, and integrated structured (BPODT) monitoring the tourism interviews, multi- development of Lake development for stakeholder Toba area (the eight Regencies forums delineation is based b. Monitoring of on Perpres No. 81 of implementation 2014) by other institutions 9. Ministry of Formulation of spatial Coordinator of Integration of ITMP Consultation, Agrarian and planning spatial develompent results in national dicussions in Spatial Planning commitee spatial planning BKPR forum, schemes documents review 10. Ministry of a. Government public a. Chair of the Integration of ITMP Co-design, Transportation transport owner Supervision results in regional discussion in and operator Integrated public Supervision b. Development of Tourism transportation Integrated Policies to provide Transportation schemes Tourism multi-modal Board Transportation transportation on b. Responsibility for Board, semi- regional level availability and structured

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism c. Coordinate the condition of all interviews, procurement and infrastructure, documents provision of road vehicles and review, complementary tourism transport coordination equipment (street operations meetings lighting, road markings/ signs, traffic signs, divider) 11. Ministry of a. Infrastructure Providing supporting Implementation and Co-design, semi- Villages, provision for rural infrastructure and monitoring of structured Development settlements participating in the community interviews, multi- of b. Community implementation of development stakeholder Disadvantaged development community program in villages forums, Regions, and development and related rural documents Transmigration programs for tourism settlements review in villages and related rural settlements 12. Ministry of a. Inventory, a. Establish Implementation and Multi- Energy and investigation, guidelines for monitoring of stakeholder Mineral provision of geo- geoheritage and geoheritage forums, co- Resources – heritage potential geological management in design, Geological data and protected areas geopark documents Agency information for management development, in review, geopark b. Establish related to tourism coordination development recommen- development meetings b. UNESCO’s Global dations of Geoparks Network geoheritage and members and geological national geopark protected areas development implementation for science, education, and tourism development purposes in all regions of Indonesia 13. Ministry of Agricultural Integrating Development of Co-design, semi- Agriculture development for each agricultural agro-industry to structured sector development with meet the demand of interviews, multi- tourism the tourism sector; stakeholder establishment of forums, educational documents farm/garden/ review orchard 14. Ministry of a. Policy and Cooperation and a. Development of Co-design, semi- Environment standards joint activities with ecocamps in structured and Forestry b. Formulation for the Ministry of forest areas for interviews, multi- Sustainable Tourism public education stakeholder Development and for tourists forums,

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism c. Formulation and b. Guidelines and documents implementation of criteria for review policies for ecotourism tourism development development in forest areas

15. Ministry of a. Preservation of Formulating of a. Guideline and Coordination Environment protected and policies and criteria for meetings, semi- and Forestry - forest areas regulations for ecotourism structured Natural b. Formulation and ecotourism development interviews, multi- Resources implementation of development (including stakeholder Conservation the tourism (including tourism b. tourism facilities forums, Center and development facilities provision in provision in documents Forestry policy in protected Lake Toba area) protected and review, Services and forest areas forest areas workshops within Toba Lake area) 16. Ministry of a. Education and a. Formulation of a. Definition and Co-design, multi- Education and cultural policies and guidelines for stakeholder Culture management regulations for education forums b. Formulation of tourism education competencies policy/regulations and cultural b. Local natural and for school management cultural values curriculums b. Formulation of based policies and curriculums regulations for school curriculums based on knowledge of nature, local culture and tourism 17. Ministry of Formulation of Support of social a. Defining Consultation Social Services national social empowerment in community services policies Lake Toba, focusing empowerment Implementation of on social and cultural for tourism Social Programs issues to enhance destinations social welfare b. Guidelines for community empowerment in tourism destinations 18. Ministry of Conducting planning, Formulation of Programs and Consultation Manpower research, and policies and guidelines for development with regulations for development of regard to manpower, especially manpower Manpower on the for Lake Toba, competencies in National Level focusing on local tourism. employment and local welfare

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APPENDIX I Stakeholder Engagement Plan Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

B. REGIONAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT (PROVINCE AND REGENCY)

Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism PROVINCE 1. Development a. Formulation of a. Coordinator of a. Areas for Coordination Planning Sub-National spatial planning destination meetings, Co- Agency at Sub- Development Plan b. Acting as a link to development are design, semi- National Level b. Control and all regional included within structured evaluation of the agencies the Local interviews, implementation of c. Integrating the Government discussions in Sub-National destination plan Regulation on Regional Spatial development plan into the spatial spatial plans Coordination plans b. Guidelines for Team’s forum, tourism planning, documents monitoring and review, evaluation workshops 2. Toba Caldera Head of North a. Managing the a. Guidelines of Co-design, National Sumatra’s Tourism development of geopark semi-structured Geopark Office as a Manager Toba Caldera development for interviews, Management of Toba Caldera Geopark as a tourism activities multi- Board National Geopark destination and interpretation stakeholder b. Preparing geopark b. Development of forums, interpreters geopark documents information review, center as a geo- workshops science museum 3. Regional Formulating regional a. Formulating, a. Tourism Coordination Culture and tourism development monitoring, and development meetings, co- Tourism Office program integrating needs and design, semi- tourism business programs from structured and tourism regional level interviews, development b. All tourism multi- program businesses/ stakeholder (including establishments forums, management & should be listed documents events) and have a permit review, b. Monitoring and accordingly workshops evaluation of c. Conduct a tourism Photography businesses Contest to practices to promote the comply with the beauty of plan landscape, nature, c. Focusing on Lake and geological Toba while phenomena capturing other c. Conduct a yearly stakeholders’ Conservation programs Camp Contest for c. Conducting students to integrated tourism promote the events, promoting uniqueness and the culture, the richness of nature geological and culture

Appendix I I-84

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism phenomena and the nature of Lake Toba 4. Regional a. Empowerment of a. Establishing and Potential SME Consultation Cooperative cooperatives/ organizing Quantity and Quality and small businesses existing and Report Small/Medium b. Supervision and potential creative Enterprises Inspection SMEs and Office c. Cooperative and cooperatives creative SME b. Empowerment training and mapping d. Small Businesses specifically related Promotion Centre to ITMP 5. Regional Office a. Monitoring of Establishing a. Environmental Consultation, of environment environment damage analysis semi-structured Environmental related documents preservation and related to spatial/ interviews, Services b. Pollution and conservation functional factors multi- environmental program b. Implementation stakeholder damage control incorporating the of North Sumatra forums c. Environmental specific concerns of Governor management/ ITMP Regulation No. enhancement 188.44/213/ d. Regional policy KPTS/2017 making and monitoring of Toba Lake pollution load e. Monitoring of environment related documents 6. Regional Conducting planning, Policy formulation/ Definition/ Consultation Manpower research, and regulation for guidelines for Office development for manpower aiming manpower manpower especially at local competencies in employment in Lake tourism Toba tourism, and social welfare 7. Regional Education and Policy formulation/ Implementation of Semi-structured Education cultural management regulation for education interview, multi- Office education aiming at competencies stakeholder Lake Toba tourism related to tourism forums education/cultural according to ITMP management 8. Regional a. Government public a. Chair of Effective Semi-structured Transportation transport Integrated implementation of interviews, Offices supervision tourism transportation, multi- b. Construct and transportation necessary regional stakeholder maintain regional board road measures and forums, roads and public b. Include regional related amenities, documents amenities; roads and public supportive for review c. Province’s road amenities tourism complementary according to development

Appendix I I-85

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism equipment (street ITMP in their own lighting, road programs and markings/ signs, take care of traffic signs, budgeting and divider) provision implementation 9. Regional Facilitating Enhancing quality Good quality of Multi- Agricultural development of improvement of agricultural product stakeholder Offices agricultural sector agricultural potentials for each regencies; forums, and products by establishment of coordination integration of educational meetings agricultural products farm/garden/ with tourism activities orchard 10. Regional Formulation a. Integrating Guideline for Multi- Forestry Office conservation of conservation support the stakeholder forest, biological management and development of forums, resources, and area development ecotourism coordination ecosystems policies (ecocamps) meetings, management policies b. Educate and documents conduct training review and empowerment community in the forestry area

REGENCIES Kabupaten Karo 1. Development a. Formulation of Integrating the a. Areas for Coordination Planning Karo Regency destination plan into destination meetings, Co- Agency Development Plan the detailed spatial development are design, semi- b. Control and plans included in the structured implement the Local Government interviews, Regency Regulation on discussions in Development Plan detailed spatial Spatial and also the plans Coordination higher-level plan b. Guidelines for Team’s forum, tourism planning, documents monitoring and review, evaluation workshops 2. Tourism and Formulating tourism a. Formulating, a. Tourism Coordination Culture Office development monitoring, and development meetings, semi- program for Karo integrating needs and structured Regency tourism business programs from interviews, co- and tourism Karo Regency design, multi- development b. All tourism stakeholder program businesses/ forums, (including establishments documents management & should be listed review, events) for Karo and have a permit workshops Regency accordingly b. Monitoring and c. Conduct a evaluation of Photography tourism Contest to

Appendix I I-86

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism businesses promote the practices to beauty of comply with the landscape, nature, standard and geological c. Focusing on Lake phenomena Toba while d. Conduct a yearly capturing other Conservation stakeholders’ Camp Contest for programs students to d. Conducting promote the integrated tourism uniqueness and events, promoting richness of nature the culture, the and culture geological phenomena and the nature of Lake Toba 4. Public Works Construct and Include regency/ local Effective Consultation, Services and maintain regency/ roads and public implementation of semi-structured Spatial Planning local roads and public amenities according necessary interviews, Office amenities to ITMP in their own regency/local road multi- programs and take measures and stakeholder care of budgeting related amenities, forums, and implementation supportive for documents tourism review development In charge of Include spatial Regency/local spatial Co-design, regency/local spatial component of ITMP plan incorporating semi-structured planning in regency/local spatial component of interviews, spatial planning tourism according to multi- ITMP stakeholder forums, documents review 5. Manpower, a. Empowerment of a. Establishing and Potential SME Consultation Cooperative cooperatives and organizing Quantity and Quality Services, Small small businesses existing and Report and Medium b. Supervision and potential creative Enterprises Inspection SMEs and c. Cooperative and cooperatives creative SME b. Empowerment training and mapping d. Small Businesses specifically related Promotion Centre to ITMP

Conducting planning, Policy formulation/ Definition/ Consultation research, and regulation for guidelines for development for manpower aiming manpower manpower especially at Karo competencies in Regency level local tourism employment and social welfare

Appendix I I-87

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism 6. Environmental a. Pollution and Establishing a. Environmental Consultation, Service environmental environment damage analysis semi-structured damage control preservation and related to spatial/ interviews, b. Environmental conservation functional factors multi- management/ program b. Implementation stakeholder enhancement incorporating the of North Sumatra forums c. Regency/Local specific concerns of Governor policy making and ITMP Regulation No. monitoring of 188.44/213/ Toba Lake KPTS/2017 and pollution load each Regent d. Monitoring of Regulation of environment Environmental related documents Stewardship 7. Education Education and Policy formulation/ Implementation of Semi-structured Office cultural management regulation for education interviews, education aiming competencies multi- especially at Regency related to tourism stakeholder tourism education according to ITMP forums and cultural management 8. Transportation a. Government public Member of Semi-structured Office transport Integrated tourism interviews, supervision transportation board multi- b. Regency’s road stakeholder complementary forums, equipment (street documents lighting, road review markings/ signs, traffic signs, divider) provision 9. Agricultural Development of Integrating Availability of agro- Purposive Office agricultural sectors agricultural potential tourism products discussion with with specific activities Development of tourism Planning Agency and related sectors Kabupaten Dairi 1. Development a. Formulation of Integrating the a. Areas for Coordination Planning Dairi Regency destination plan into destination meetings, Co- Agency Development Plan the detailed spatial development are design, semi- Control and plans included in the structured implement the Dairi Local Government interviews, Regency Regulation on discussions in Development Plan detailed spatial Spatial and also the higher- plans Coordination level plan Guidelines for Team’s forum, tourism planning, documents monitoring and review, evaluation workshops

Appendix I I-88

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism 2. Tourism and Formulating tourism a. Formulating, a. Tourism Coordination Culture Office development monitoring, and development meetings, semi- program for Dairi integrating needs and structured Regency tourism business programs from interviews, and tourism Dairi Regency multi- development b. All tourism stakeholder program businesses/ forums, (including establishments documents management & should be listed review, events) for Dairi and have a permit workshops Regency accordingly b. Monitoring and c. Conduct a evaluation of Photography tourism Contest to businesses promote the practices to beauty of comply with the landscape, nature, standard and geological c. Focusing on Lake phenomena Toba while d. Conduct a yearly capturing other Conservation stakeholders’ Camp Contest for programs students to d. Conducting promote the integrated tourism uniqueness and events, promoting richness of nature the culture, the and culture geological phenomena and the nature of Lake Toba 4. Public Works Construct and Include Regency/ Effective Consultation, Services and maintain Regency/ local roads and public implementation of semi-structured Spatial Planning local roads and public amenities according necessary interviews, Office amenities to ITMP in their own Regency/local road multi- programs and take measures and stakeholder care of budgeting related amenities, forums, and implementation supportive for documents tourism review development

In charge of Dairi Include spatial Dairi Regency spatial Co-design, Regency spatial component of ITMP plan incorporating semi-structured planning in Dairi Regency spatial component of interviews, spatial planning tourism according to multi- ITMP stakeholder forums, documents review

Appendix I I-89

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism 5. Industry and a. Empowerment of a. Establishing and Potential SME Consultation Trade Office cooperatives and organizing Quantity and Quality small businesses existing and Report b. Supervision and potential creative Inspection SMEs and c. Cooperative and cooperatives creative SME b. Empowerment training and mapping d. Small Businesses specifically related Promotion Centre to ITMP 6. Environmental a. Pollution and Establishing a. Environmental Consultation, Service environmental environment damage analysis semi-structured damage control preservation and related to spatial/ interviews, b. Environmental conservation functional factors multi- management/ program b. Implementation stakeholder enhancement incorporating the of North Sumatra forums c. Dairi Regency specific concerns of Governor policy making and ITMP Regulation No. monitoring of 188.44/213/ Toba Lake KPTS/2017 and pollution load each Regent d. Monitoring of Regulation of environment Environmental related documents Stewardship 7. Community and Conducting planning, Policy formulation/ Definition/ Consultation Village research, and regulation for guidelines for Empowerment development for manpower aiming manpower Office manpower especially at Regency competencies in level local tourism. employment and social welfare 8. Education Education and Policy formulation/ Implementation of Semi-structured Office cultural management regulation for education interviews, education aiming competencies multi- especially at Regency related to tourism stakeholder tourism education according to ITMP forums and cultural management 9. Transporta-tion, a. Government public Member of Semi-structured Commu- transport Integrated tourism interviews, nication, and supervision transportation board multi- Informatics b. Regency’s road stakeholder Office complementary forums, equipment (street documents lighting, road review markings/ signs, traffic signs, divider) provision 10. Agricultural Development of Integrating Availability of agro- Purposive Office agricultural sectors agricultural potential tourism products discussion with with specific activities Bappeda and of tourism related sectors

Appendix I I-90

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat 1. Development a. Formulation of Integrating the a. Areas for Coordination Planning Pakpak Bharat destination plan into destination meetings, Co- Agency Regency the detailed spatial development are design, semi- Development Plan plans included in the structured b. Control and Local Government interviews, implement the Regulation on discussions in Pakpak Bharat detailed spatial Spatial Regency plans Coordination Development Plan b. Guidelines for Team’s forum, and also the tourism planning, documents higher-level plan monitoring and review, evaluation workshops 2. Tourism Office Formulating tourism a. Formulating, a. Tourism Coordination development monitoring, and development meetings, semi- program for Pakpak integrating needs and structured Bharat Regency tourism business programs from interviews, and tourism Pakpak Bharat multi- development Regency stakeholder program b. All tourism forums, (including businesses/ documents management & establishments review, events) for Pakpak should be listed workshops Bharat Regency and have a permit b. Monitoring and accordingly evaluation of c. Conduct a tourism Photography businesses Contest to practices to promote the comply with the beauty of standard landscape, nature, c. Focusing on Lake and geological Toba while phenomena capturing other d. Conduct a yearly stakeholders’ Conservation programs Camp Contest for d. Conducting students to integrated tourism promote the events, promoting uniqueness and the culture, the richness of nature geological and culture phenomena and the nature of Lake Toba 3. Public Works Construct and Include Regency/ Effective Consultation, Services and maintain Regency/ local roads and public implementation of semi-structured Spatial Planning local roads and public amenities according necessary interviews, Office amenities to ITMP in their own Regency/local road multi- programs and take measures and stakeholder care of budgeting related amenities, forums, and implementation supportive for documents review

Appendix I I-91

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism tourism development In charge of Include spatial Regency/local spatial Co-design, Regency/local spatial component of ITMP plan incorporating semi-structured planning in Regency/local spatial component of interviews, spatial planning tourism according to multi- ITMP stakeholder forums, documents review a. Government Member of Semi-structured public transport Integrated tourism interviews, supervision transportation board multi- b. Regency’s road stakeholder complementary forums, equipment documents (street lighting, review road markings/ signs, traffic signs, divider) provision 4. Cooperative a. Empowerment of a. Establishing and Potential SME Consultation Services, Micro, cooperatives and organizing Quantity and Quality Small, and small businesses existing and Report Medium b. Supervision and potential creative Enterprises Inspection SMEs and Office c. Cooperative and cooperatives creative SME b. Empowerment training and mapping d. Small Businesses specifically related Promotion Centre to ITMP 5. Housing and a. Pollution and Establishing a. Environmental Consultation, Human environmental environment damage analysis semi-structured Settlements damage control preservation and related to spatial/ interviews, Office b. Environmental conservation functional factors multi- management/ program b. Implementation stakeholder enhancement incorporating the of North Sumatra forums c. Regency/Local specific concerns of Governor policy making and ITMP Regulation No. monitoring of 188.44/213/ Toba Lake KPTS/2017 and pollution load each Regent Regulation of Environmental Stewardship 6. Social Services Conducting planning, Policy formulation/ Definition/ Consultation research, and regulation for guidelines for development for manpower aiming manpower manpower especially at Regency competencies in level local tourism. employment and social welfare

Appendix I I-92

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism 7. Education Education and Policy formulation/ Implementation of Semi-structured Office cultural management regulation for education interviews, education aiming competencies multi- especially at Regency related to tourism stakeholder tourism education according to ITMP forums and cultural management 8. Food Security Development of Integrating Availability of agro- Purposive and Agricultural agricultural sectors agricultural potential tourism products discussion with Office with specific activities Bappeda and of tourism related sectors Kabupaten Samosir 1. Development a. Formulation of Integrating the a. Areas for Coordination Planning Samosir Regency destination plan into destination meetings, Co- Agency Development Plan the detailed spatial development are design, semi- b. Control and plans included in the structured implement the Local Government interviews, Samosir Regency Regulation on discussions in Development Plan detailed spatial Spatial and also the plans Coordination higher-level plan b. Guidelines for Team’s forum, tourism planning, documents monitoring and review, evaluation workshops 2. Tourism Office Formulating tourism a. Formulating, a. Tourism Coordination development monitoring, and development meetings, semi- program for Samosir integrating needs and structured Regency tourism business programs from interviews, and tourism Samosir Regency multi- development b. All tourism stakeholder program businesses/ forums, (including establishments documents management & should be listed review, events) for and have a permit workshops Samosir Regency accordingly b. Monitoring and c. Conduct a evaluation of Photography tourism Contest to businesses promote the practices to beauty of comply with the landscape, nature, standard and geological c. Focusing on Lake phenomena Toba while d. Conduct a yearly capturing other Conservation stakeholders’ Camp Contest for programs students to promote the uniqueness and richness of nature and culture

Appendix I I-93

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism 3. Culture, Youth, Guarding culture Promoting the Conduct a yearly Coordination and Sports values of Samosir culture, the Conservation Camp meetings, semi- Services Regency geological Contest for students structured phenomena and the to promote the interviews, nature of Lake Toba uniqueness and multi- richness of nature stakeholder and culture forums, documents review, workshops 4. Public Works Construct and Include Regency/ Effective Consultation, Services and maintain Regency/ local roads and public implementation of semi-structured Spatial Planning local roads and public amenities according necessary interviews, Office amenities to ITMP in their own Regency/local road multi- programs and take measures and stakeholder care of budgeting related amenities, forums, and implementation supportive for documents tourism review development In charge of Include spatial Regency/local spatial Co-design, Regency/local spatial component of ITMP plan incorporating semi-structured planning in Regency/local spatial component of interviews, spatial planning tourism according to multi- ITMP stakeholder forums, documents review 5. Manpower, a. Empowerment of a. Establishing and Potential SME Consultation Cooperatives, cooperatives and organizing Quantity and Quality Industry and small businesses existing and Report Trade Office b. Supervision and potential creative Inspection SMEs and c. Cooperative and cooperatives creative SME b. Empowerment training and mapping d. Small Businesses specifically related Promotion Centre to ITMP Conducting planning, Policy formulation/ Definition/ Consultation research, and regulation for guidelines for development for manpower aiming manpower manpower especially at Regency competencies in level local tourism. employment and social welfare

6. Environmental a. Pollution and Establishing a. Environmental Consultation, Service environmental environment damage analysis semi-structured damage control preservation and related to spatial/ interviews, b. Environmental conservation functional factors multi- management/ program b. Implementation stakeholder enhancement incorporating the of North Sumatra forums Governor

Appendix I I-94

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism c. Regency/Local specific concerns of Regulation No. policy making and ITMP 188.44/213/ monitoring of KPTS/2017 and Toba Lake each Regent pollution load Regulation of d. Monitoring of Environmental environment Stewardship related documents 7. Education Education and Policy formulation/ Implementation of Semi-structured Office cultural management regulation for education interviews, education aiming competencies multi- especially at Regency related to tourism stakeholder tourism education according to ITMP forums and cultural management 8. Transportation a. Government public Member of Semi-structured Office transport Integrated tourism interviews, supervision transportation board multi- b. Regency’s road stakeholder complementary forums, equipment (street documents lighting, road review markings/ signs, traffic signs, divider) provision 9. Agricultural Development of Integrating Availability of agro- Purposive Office agricultural sectors agricultural potential tourism products discussion with with specific activities Bappeda and of tourism related sectors

Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan 1. Development a. Formulation of Integrating the a. Areas for Coordination Planning Humbang destination plan into destination meetings, Co- Agency Hasundutan the detailed spatial development are design, semi- Regency plans included in the structured Development Plan Local Government interviews, b. Control and Regulation on discussions in implement the detailed spatial Spatial Humbang plans Coordination Hasundutan b. Guidelines for Team’s forum, Regency tourism planning, documents Development Plan monitoring and review, and also the evaluation workshops higher-level plan 2. Tourism Office Formulating tourism a. Formulating, a. Tourism Coordination development monitoring, and development meetings, semi- program for integrating needs and structured Humbang tourism business programs from interviews, Hasundutan Regency and tourism Humbang multi- development Hasundutan stakeholder program Regency forums, (including documents

Appendix I I-95

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism management & b. All tourism review, events) for businesses/ workshops Humbang establishments Hasundutan should be listed Regency and have a permit b. Monitoring and accordingly evaluation of c. Conduct a tourism Photography businesses Contest to practices to promote the comply with the beauty of standard landscape, nature, c. Focusing on Lake and geological Toba while phenomena capturing other d. Conduct a yearly stakeholders’ Conservation programs Camp Contest for d. Conducting students to integrated tourism promote the events, promoting uniqueness and the culture, the richness of nature geological and culture phenomena and the nature of Lake Toba 4. Public Works Construct and Include Regency/ Effective Consultation, Services and maintain Regency/ local roads and public implementation of semi-structured Spatial Planning local roads and public amenities according necessary interviews, Office amenities to ITMP in their own Regency/local road multi- programs and take measures and stakeholder care of budgeting related amenities, forums, and implementation supportive for documents tourism review development

In charge of Include spatial Regency/local spatial Co-design, Regency/local spatial component of ITMP plan incorporating semi-structured planning in Regency/local spatial component of interviews, spatial planning tourism according to multi- ITMP stakeholder forums, documents review 5. Cooperative a. Empowerment of a. Establishing and Potential SME Consultation Services, Trade, cooperatives and organizing Quantity and Quality and Industry small businesses existing and Report Office b. Supervision and potential creative Inspection SMEs and c. Cooperative and cooperatives creative SME b. Empowerment training and mapping

Appendix I I-96

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism d. Small Businesses specifically related Promotion Centre to ITMP 6. Environmental a. Pollution and Establishing a. Environmental Consultation, Service environmental environment damage analysis semi-structured damage control preservation and related to spatial/ interviews, b. Environmental conservation functional factors multi- management/ program b. Implementation stakeholder enhancement incorporating the of North Sumatra forums c. Regency/Local specific concerns of Governor policy making and ITMP Regulation No. monitoring of 188.44/213/ Toba Lake KPTS/2017 and pollution load each Regent d. Monitoring of Regulation of environment Environmental related documents Stewardship 7. Manpower Conducting planning, Policy formulation/ Definition/ Consultation Office research, and regulation for guidelines for development for manpower aiming manpower manpower especially at Regency competencies in level local tourism. employment and social welfare 8. Education Education and Policy formulation/ Implementation of Semi-structured Office cultural management regulation for education interviews, education aiming competencies multi- especially at Regency related to tourism stakeholder tourism education according to ITMP forums and cultural management 9. Transportation a. Government public Member of Semi-structured Office transport Integrated tourism interviews, supervision transportation board multi- b. Regency’s road stakeholder complementary forums, equipment (street documents lighting, road review markings/ signs, traffic signs, divider) provision 10. Agricultural Development of Integrating Availability of agro- Purposive Office agricultural sectors agricultural potential tourism products discussion with with specific activities Development of tourism Planning Agency and related sectors Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara 1. Development a. Formulation of Integrating the a. Areas for Coordination Planning Tapanuli Utara destination plan into destination meetings, Co- Agency Regency the detailed spatial development are design, semi- Development Plan plans included in the structured Local Government interviews,

Appendix I I-97

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism Control and Regulation on discussions in implement the detailed spatial Spatial Regency plans Coordination Development Plan Guidelines for Team’s forum, and also the higher- tourism planning, documents level plan monitoring and review, evaluation workshops 2. Tourism Office Formulating tourism a. Formulating, a. Tourism Coordination development monitoring, and development meetings, semi- program for Tapanuli integrating needs and structured Utara Regency tourism business programs from interviews, and tourism Tapanuli Utara multi- development Regency stakeholder program b. All tourism forums, (including businesses/ documents management & establishments review, events) for should be listed workshops Tapanuli Utara and have a permit Regency accordingly b. Monitoring and c. Conduct a evaluation of Photography tourism Contest to businesses promote the practices to beauty of comply with the landscape, nature, standard and geological c. Focusing on Lake phenomena Toba while d. Conduct a yearly capturing other Conservation stakeholders’ Camp Contest for programs students to d. Conducting promote the integrated tourism uniqueness and events, promoting richness of nature the culture, the and culture geological phenomena and the nature of Lake Toba 3. Public Works Construct and Include Regency/ Effective Consultation, Services and maintain Regency/ local roads and public implementation of semi-structured Spatial Planning local roads and public amenities according necessary interviews, Office amenities to ITMP in their own Regency/local road multi- programs and take measures and stakeholder care of budgeting related amenities, forums, and implementation supportive for documents tourism review development

In charge of Include spatial Regency/local spatial Co-design, Regency/local spatial component of ITMP plan incorporating semi-structured planning spatial component of interviews,

Appendix I I-98

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism in Regency/local tourism according to multi- spatial planning ITMP stakeholder forums, documents review 4. Cooperative a. Empowerment of a. Establishing and Potential SME Consultation Services and cooperatives and organizing Quantity and Quality Small/Medium small businesses existing and Report Enterprises b. Supervision and potential creative Office Inspection SMEs and c. Cooperative and cooperatives creative SME b. Empowerment training and mapping d. Small Businesses specifically related Promotion Centre to ITMP 5. Environmental a. Pollution and Establishing a. Environmental Consultation, Service environmental environment damage analysis semi-structured damage control preservation and related to spatial/ interviews, b. Environmental conservation functional factors multi- management/ program b. Implementation stakeholder enhancement incorporating the of North Sumatra forums c. Regency/Local specific concerns of Governor policy making and ITMP Regulation No. monitoring of 188.44/213/ Toba Lake KPTS/2017 and pollution load each Regent d. Monitoring of Regulation of environment Environmental related documents Stewardship 6. Manpower Conducting planning, Policy formulation/ Definition/ Consultation Office research, and regulation for guidelines for development for manpower aiming manpower manpower especially at Regency competencies in level local tourism. employment and social welfare

7. Education Education and Policy formulation/ Implementation of Semi-structured Office cultural management regulation for education interviews, education aiming competencies multi- especially at Regency related to tourism stakeholder tourism education according to ITMP forums and cultural management 8. Transportation a. Government public Member of Semi-structured Office transport Integrated tourism interviews, supervision transportation board multi- b. Regency’s road stakeholder complementary forums, equipment (street documents lighting, road review markings/ signs,

Appendix I I-99

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism traffic signs, divider) provision 9. Agricultural Development of Integrating Availability of agro- Purposive Office agricultural sectors agricultural potential tourism products discussion with with specific activities Development of tourism Planning Agency and related sectors Kabupaten Toba Samosir 1. Development a. Formulation of Integrating the a. Areas for Coordination Planning Toba Samosir destination plan into destination meetings, Co- Agency Regency the detailed spatial development are design, semi- Development Plan plans included in the structured Control and Local Government interviews, implement the Regulation on discussions in Regency detailed spatial Spatial Development Plan plans Coordination and also the higher- Guidelines for Team’s forum, level plan tourism planning, documents monitoring and review, evaluation workshops 2. Tourism and Formulating tourism a. Formulating, a. Tourism Coordination Culture Office development monitoring, and development meetings, semi- program for Toba integrating needs and structured Samosir Regency tourism business programs from interviews, and tourism Toba Samosir multi- development Regency stakeholder program b. All tourism forums, (including businesses/ documents management & establishments review, events) for Toba should be listed workshops Samosir Regency and have a permit b. Monitoring and accordingly evaluation of c. Conduct a tourism Photography businesses Contest to practices to promote the comply with the beauty of standard landscape, nature, c. Focusing on Lake and geological Toba while phenomena capturing other d. Conduct a yearly stakeholders’ Conservation programs Camp Contest for d. Conducting students to integrated tourism promote the events, promoting uniqueness and the culture, the richness of nature geological and culture phenomena and the nature of Lake Toba

Appendix I I-100

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism 3. Public Works Construct and Include Regency/ Effective Consultation, Services and maintain Regency/ local roads and public implementation of semi-structured Spatial Planning local roads and public amenities according necessary interviews, Office amenities to ITMP in their own Regency/local road multi- programs and take measures and stakeholder care of budgeting related amenities, forums, and implementation supportive for documents tourism review development

In charge of Include spatial Regency/local spatial Co-design, Regency/local spatial component of ITMP plan incorporating semi-structured planning in Regency/local spatial component of interviews, spatial planning tourism according to multi- ITMP stakeholder forums, documents review 4. Industry, Trade, a. Empowerment of a. Establishing and Potential SME Consultation Cooperative cooperatives and organizing Quantity and Quality Services and small businesses existing and Report Small/Medium b. Supervision and potential creative Enterprises Inspection SMEs and Office c. Cooperative and cooperatives creative SME b. Empowerment training and mapping d. Small Businesses specifically related Promotion Centre to ITMP 5. Environmental a. Pollution and Establishing a. Environmental Consultation, Service environmental environment damage analysis semi-structured damage control preservation and related to spatial/ interviews, b. Environmental conservation functional factors multi- management/ program b. Implementation stakeholder enhancement incorporating the of North Sumatra forums c. Regency/Local specific concerns of Governor policy making and ITMP Regulation No. monitoring of 188.44/213/ Toba Lake KPTS/2017 and pollution load each Regent d. Monitoring of Regulation of environment Environmental related documents Stewardship 6. Manpower Conducting planning, Policy formulation/ Definition/ Consultation Office research, and regulation for guidelines for development for manpower aiming manpower manpower especially at Regency competencies in level local tourism. employment and social welfare

7. Education Education and Policy formulation/ Implementation of Co-design, Office cultural management regulation for education semi-structured

Appendix I I-101

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism education aiming competencies interviews, especially at Regency related to tourism multi- tourism education according to ITMP stakeholder and cultural forums management 8. Transportation a. Government public Member of Semi-structured Office transport Integrated tourism interviews, supervision transportation board multi- b. Regency’s road stakeholder complementary forums, equipment (street documents lighting, road review markings/ signs, traffic signs, divider) provision 9. Agricultural and For cultivate crops Integrating Availability of agro- Purposive Fishery Office and horticulture agricultural potential tourism products discussion with department: To with specific activities Development develop agricultural of tourism Planning Agency sectors and related sectors Kabupaten Simalungun 1. Development a. Formulation of Integrating the a. Areas for Coordination Planning Regency destination plan into destination meetings, Co- Agency Development Plan the detailed spatial development are design, semi- b. Control and plans included in the structured implement the Local Government interviews, Simalungun Regulation on discussions in Regency detailed spatial Spatial Development Plan plans Coordination and also the b. Guidelines for Team’s forum, higher-level plan tourism planning, documents monitoring and review, evaluation workshops 2. Tourism and Formulating tourism a. Formulating, a. Tourism Coordination Culture Office development monitoring, and development meetings, semi- program for integrating needs and structured Simalungun Regency tourism business programs from interviews, and tourism Simalungun multi- development Regency stakeholder program b. All tourism forums, (including businesses/ documents management & establishments review, events) for should be listed workshops Simalungun and have a permit Regency accordingly b. Monitoring and c. Conduct a evaluation of Photography tourism Contest to businesses promote the practices to beauty of landscape, nature,

Appendix I I-102

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism comply with the and geological standard phenomena c. Focusing on Lake d. Conduct a yearly Toba while Conservation capturing other Camp Contest for stakeholders’ students to programs promote the d. Conducting uniqueness and integrated tourism richness of nature events, promoting and culture the culture, the geological phenomena and the nature of Lake Toba 3. Public Works Construct and Include Regency/ Effective Consultation, Services, maintain Regency/ local roads and public implementation of semi-structured Housing, and local roads and public amenities according necessary interviews, Spatial Planning amenities to ITMP in their own Regency/local road multi- Office programs and take measures and stakeholder care of budgeting related amenities, forums, and implementation supportive for documents tourism review development In charge of Include spatial Regency/local spatial Co-design, Regency/local spatial component of ITMP plan incorporating semi-structured planning in Regency/local spatial component of interviews, spatial planning tourism according to multi- ITMP stakeholder forums, documents review 4. Cooperative a. Empowerment of a. Establishing and Potential SME Consultation Services, cooperatives and organizing Quantity and Quality Small/Medium small businesses existing and Report Enterprises, and b. Supervision and potential creative Manpower Inspection SMEs and Office c. Cooperative and cooperatives creative SME b. Empowerment training and mapping d. Small Businesses specifically related Promotion Centre to ITMP Conducting planning, Policy formulation/ Definition/ Consultation research, and regulation for guidelines for development for manpower aiming manpower manpower especially at Regency competencies in level local tourism. employment and social welfare

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism 5. Environmental a. Pollution and Establishing a. Environmental Consultation, Service environmental environment damage analysis semi-structured damage control preservation and related to spatial/ interviews, b. Environmental conservation functional factors multi- management/ program b. Implementation stakeholder enhancement incorporating the of North Sumatra forums c. Regency/Local specific concerns of Governor policy making and ITMP Regulation No. monitoring of 188.44/213/ Toba Lake KPTS/2017 and pollution load each Regent d. Monitoring of Regulation of environment Environmental related documents Stewardship 6. Education Education and Policy formulation/ Implementation of Semi-structured Office cultural management regulation for education interviews, education aiming competencies multi- especially at Regency related to tourism stakeholder tourism education according to ITMP forums and cultural management 7. Transportation a. Government Member of Semi-structured Office public transport Integrated tourism interviews, supervision transportation board multi- b. Regency’s road stakeholder complementary forums, equipment documents (street lighting, review road markings/ signs, traffic signs, divider) provision 8. Agricultural Development of Integrating Availability of agro- Purposive Office agricultural sectors agricultural potential tourism products discussion with with specific activities Development of tourism Planning Agency and related sectors

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C. PRIVATE SECTOR

Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism 1. Association of a. Facilitating a. Enhance business a. Facilitate its Forum/ discussion, Indonesian coordination and development and members to semi-structured Hotels and cooperation standard meet the interviews, Restaurants between members fulfillment for standards of workshops b. Facilitating provision of accommodations business accurate data for and food development DSS (Decision services Support System) & b. Accuracy and policy formulation openness of data b. Encouraging the on guests and use of local products’ value components chain c. Facilitating cooperation for marketing & promotion, as well as activities development to increase tourists’ length of stay 2. Association of Coordinating the a. Coordinating Improved Forum/ discussion, Indonesian members (guides), members capabilities of semi-structured Tourist Guides formulating principles b. Formulating members interviews, and ethical codes for principles and workshops guides ethical codes for guides c. Enhancing interpretation training

3. Association of Accommodating a. Assurance of a. Credible Forum/ discussion, Indonesian Tours travel agencies, credibility of its members semi-structured and Travel developing skills of members b. New product interviews, Agencies (ASITA) the members’ b. Facilitate skill development for workshops employees development of inter-cluster and members’ intra-cluster, or employees combination c. Enhancing with other areas, integrated product such as development of Tangkahan Lake Toba to the members 4. Eco-Tourism Provide and operate Provide and Operate Eco-Tourism Forum/ discussion, Operators Eco-based Tourist Integrated Eco-based accommodations semi-structured Attractions/ Products Tourist Attractions/ programs and interviews Products attractions/ Products

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism 5. Transport Provide and operate a. Provide and Transport facilities Forum/ discussion, operators (Public public transportation operate public and services semi-structured transport and facilities inside tourist transportation interviews boat owners) attractions inside tourist attractions b. Integrated tourism transport owner

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D. NON-GOVERNMENT/COMMUNITY

Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism 1. Local Working Developing tourist Managing tourist Participation on Discussion, semi- Group (Kelompok attraction attraction and product structured Sadar Wisata) development in their product development for interviews own area/ region development based each cluster based on sustainable and on thematic geo-tourism diversification and differentiation 2. Local University/ Conducting tourism As a partner of the a. Applied or Coordination College (USU, IT related research and stakeholders in participatory meetings, semi- Del, etc) studies, for example conducting related action research structured USU has expertise research and studies in line with the interviews, multi- (anthropologist) on that focus on (a) identified issues stakeholder Batak culture (stories, Monitoring and b. Prioritizing forums performing arts) evaluation of tourism tourism related development research to implementation; (b) response the Collecting stories of strategic issues significant Batak sites; (c) Developing tools to publish and share the stories digitally 3. Certification a. Job and tourism As a partner of the a. More proactive Discussions Agencies businesses local government in in getting the certification the certification for business as well b. Enforcing the tourism businesses as the labor tourism businesses as well as for labor getting certified and the labor to b. Enforcing the get certified standard requirement

4. Yayasan Pecinta Focusing on water As a partner of the Effective program Discussions, Danau Toba quality improvement government to ensure for the workshops, semi- of the Lake and monitor the improvement of the structured development of Lake environment, interviews Toba area (including including water water quality quality of Lake Toba improvement) that can contribute to the improvement of community welfare 5. Perkumpulan a. Encouraging a. As a mediator for Availability of local Discussions, semi- Gaja Toba private businesses commu-nication champions in eight structured Semesta to allocate their of local millennials regencies interviews CSR to the b. Encouraging local development of millennials to be the environment involved in and society improving the b. Make direct/ environment and indirect efforts in

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Approach No Stakeholder Existing Role Expected Role Output Expected Mechanism the form of social developing activities tourism business 6. Local creative a. Create events a. Enhance the local- Utilization of local- Focus group people/ b. Create and sell creative culture creative culture/ discussions, community local products use in product/ component in workshop c. Create and sell event product/ event creative products development development d. Educate local b. Strengthen people traditional culture 7. Local People a. Provide services Support and act as a. Engaged in and Multi-stakeholder (accommoda-tion, ambassadors for proud of Batak forum, between food services, Batak culture culture local people with events, b. Act as local creative transportation) ambassadors for people/ b. Produce crops Batak culture community (coffee, onion, mango, etc)

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APPENDIX II.

Legal Framework

Table 1. Area Coverage of the National Strategic Area of Lake Toba and its Surroundings

INFRASTRUCTURE GROUND WATER BODY OF ACTIVITIES AND KABUPATEN CATCHMENT AREA WATER LAKE NETWORK BASIN CENTER Karo • Merek Distirct • Aek Sigumbang Sub- • - • Half of Merek watershed in Merek Regency Regency • Haranggaol Sub- watershed in Merek Regency • Aek Ringgo Sub- watershed in Merek Regency Simalungun • Simalungun • Aek Sigumbang Sub- • Porsea • Half of Girsang Regency watershed in Parapat Sipangan Bolon • Pematang Pematang Silimakuta Ground Regency Silimakuta Regency Water Basin Regency • Haranggaopl Sub- in Girsang • Silimakuta watershed in Sipangan Regency Pematang Silimakuta Bolon • Haranggaol Regency, Silimakuta Regency Horison Regency, Haranggaol Regency Horison Regency, and • Dolok Purba Regency Pardamean • Situnggaling Sub- Regency watershed in • Pematang Haranggaol Horison Sidamanik Regency, Purba Regency Regency, Dolok • Girsang Perdamean Regency, Sipangan Bolon Pematang Sidamanik Distric Regency, and Girsang Sipangan Bolon Regency • Bah Naborsahan Sub- watershed in Girsang Sipangan Bolon Regency Toba Samosir • Ajibata • Bah Naborsahan Sub- • Tarutung • - Regency watershed in Ajibata Ground • Lumban Julu Regency Water Basin Regency • Bah Tongguran Sub- in • Uluan Regency watershed in Lumban Tampahan

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INFRASTRUCTURE GROUND WATER BODY OF ACTIVITIES AND KABUPATEN CATCHMENT AREA WATER LAKE NETWORK BASIN CENTER • Porsea Julu Regency and Regency Regency Ajibata Regency and Balige • Siantar • Aek Gopgopan sub- Regency Narumonda watershed in Lumban • Porsea Regency Julu Regency, Ajibata Parapat • Sigumpar Regency, and Porsea Ground Regency Regency Water Basin • Balige Regency • Aek Mandosi Sub- in Ajibata • Tampahan watershed in Lumban Regency,

Regency Julu Regency, Porsea Lumban Regency, Bona Tua Julu Lunasi Regency, Uluan Regency, Regency, Parmaksian Bona Tua Regency, and Siantar Lunasi

Narumonda Regency Regency, • Aek Bolon Sub- Uluan watershed in Siantar Regency, Narumonda Regency, Porsea Sigumpar Regency, Regency,

and Silaen Regency Pemaksian • Aek Simare Sub- Regency, watershed in Sigumpar Siantar Regency, Silaen Narumonda Regency, Borbore Regency,

Regency, and Balige Sigumpar Regency Regency, • Aek Halian Sub- Silaen watershed in Laguboti Regency, Regency, Borboran Laguboti

Regency, and Balige Regency, Regency Balige • Aek Sitobu Sub- Regency, watershed in Balige and Regency and Tampahan Tampahan Regency Regency

Tapanuli • Muara • Aek Simare Sub- • Tarutung - Utara Regency watershed in Ground Siborong-borong Water Basin Regency and Sipahutar in Muara Regency Regency, • Aek Halian Sub- Siborongbo watershed in rong Siborong-borong Regency, Regency Pagaran • Aek Sitobu Sub- Regency, watershed in Muara Parmonang

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INFRASTRUCTURE GROUND WATER BODY OF ACTIVITIES AND KABUPATEN CATCHMENT AREA WATER LAKE NETWORK BASIN CENTER Regency and an Regency, Siborong-borong Sipoholon Regency Regency, • Aek Siparbue Sub- Tarutung watershed in Muara Regency, Regency Sipahutar Regency, and Siatas Barita Regency Humbang • Lintong Nihuta • Aek Siparbue Sub- • Sidikalang - Hasundutan Regency watershed in Ground • Kecamatan Paranginan Regency Water Basin Baktiraja and Lintong Nihuta in Parlilitan Regency Regency Regency, • Aek Silang Sub- Pollung watershed in Regency, Paranginan Regency, Dolok Lintong Nihuta Sanggul Regency, Baktiraja Regency, Regency, Dolok Sijamapolan Sanggul Regency, and g Regency, Pollung Regency Baktiraja Regency, and Onan Ganjang Regency • Tarutung Ground Water Basin in Lintong Nihuta Regency, Baktiraja Regency, and Paranginan Regency Samosir • Sitio-tio • Aek Silang Sub- • Sidikalang • - Regency watershed in Harian Ground • Harian Regency Water Basin Regency • Aek Bodang Sub- in • Pangururan watershed in Sitio-tio Pangururan Regency Regency and Harian Regency, • Sianjur Mula- Regency Sitio-tio mula Regency • Aek Parombahan Sub- Regency, watershed in Harian Sianjur

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INFRASTRUCTURE GROUND WATER BODY OF ACTIVITIES AND KABUPATEN CATCHMENT AREA WATER LAKE NETWORK BASIN CENTER • Simanindo Regency, Sianjur Mula-mula Regency Regency First and Regency, • Onan Runggu Pangururan Regency and Harian Regency • Aek Tulas Sub- Regency • Nainggolan watershed in Sianjur • Samosir Regency Regency and Ground • Palipi Regency Pangururan Regency Water Basin • Aek Ringgo Sub- in watershed in Sianjur Simanindo Regency First Regency, • Binanga Simaratuang Pangururan Sub-watershed in Regency, Simanindo Regency Ronggur and Pangururan Nihuta Regency Regency, • The Binanga Aron Sub- Palipi watershed in Regency, Simanindo Regency, Nainggolan, Pangururan Regency, and Onan and Ronggur Nihuta Runggu Regency Regency • Binanga Guluan Sub- watershed in Pangururan Regency, Simanindo Regency, Ronggur Nihuta Regency, and Palipi Regency • Binanga Silubung sub- watershed in Palipi Regency, Simanindo Regency, Onan Runggu Regency, and Nainggolan Regency • Binanga Bolon Sub- watershed in Palipi Regency, Nainggolan Regency, and Onan Runggu Regency • Sigumbang sub- watershed in Nainggolan Regency and Onan Runggu Regency • Aek Simala Sub- watershed in Onan Runggu Regency

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INFRASTRUCTURE GROUND WATER BODY OF ACTIVITIES AND KABUPATEN CATCHMENT AREA WATER LAKE NETWORK BASIN CENTER • Sitiung-tiung Sub- watershed in Simanindo Regency, Ronggur Nihuta Regency, and Onan Runggu Regency Dairi • Silahisabungan • Aek Ringgo Sub- • Sidikalang • - Regency watershed in Ground Silahisabungan Water Basin Regency, Parbuluan in Regency, and Sumbul Silahisabun Regency gan • Aek Sigumbang Sub- Regency, watershed in Sumbul Silahisabungan Regency, Regency Parbuluan Regency, Sidikalang Regency, Sitinko Regency, Tiga Lingga Regency, Pegagang Hilir Regency, Siempat Nempu Hulu Regency, Siempat Nempu Regency, Tanah Pinem Regency, and Gunung SItember Regency Pakpak • - • - • Sidikalang • - Bharat Ground Water Basin in Kerajaan Regency, Tinada Regency, Siempat

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INFRASTRUCTURE GROUND WATER BODY OF ACTIVITIES AND KABUPATEN CATCHMENT AREA WATER LAKE NETWORK BASIN CENTER Rube Regency, and Sitellu Tali Urang Julu Regency Source: Presidential Regulation No. 81 of 2014, 2014, Ministry of Agraria and Spatial Planning

Table 2. Strategies for Spatial Planning for the Lake Toba National Strategic Area and its Surroundings Based on the Spatial Plan for the Lake Toba Region and its Surroundings

NO POLICY STRATEGY 1 Maintaining • Maintain the existence and rehabilitate the function of protection forest quantity stability areas in the CAT; and controlling • Maintain the function of groundwater recharge areas and rehabilitate the water quality of function of degraded groundwater recharge areas; Lake Toba • Control the use of space around the water source and along the river flow (river border) to the lake; • Restore the function of a water catchment area in an area with a slope of at least 40% (forty percent); • Build infrastructure to control the stability of the water level around the lake water exit; • Build periodic water quality monitoring infrastructure spread in the lake waters; • Develop a type of vegetation that can reduce lake water pollution along the lake shore; • Develop biofilteration system infrastructure to reduce water turbidity, eutrophication, and toxicity to river water flowing into the lake; • Develop sediment trap infrastructure in rivers that have the potential to bring sediment into Lake Toba water; • Control the development of community village areas around protection forest areas; • Control lake water utilization with the principle of reuse and recycling for domestic needs, agriculture, industry and sustainable tourism; • Control the development of the cultivated area in the groundwater recharge area; • Control the use of space for aquaculture and transportation cultivation areas in the waters of Lake Toba; • Control the development of livestock cultivation areas adjacent to tourism areas; • Control the production process in the cultivation area of the watershed that produces waste and waste containing chemicals, hazardous materials and toxic materials;

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NO POLICY STRATEGY • Develop a solid waste system and integrated wastewater network in residential, tourism, livestock, and transportation routes; • Control the use of space in areas that have diatomaceous soil which serves as a filter for the clarity of Lake Toba water; and • Restore the quality of lake water that is polluted due to cultivation activities. 2 Preservation of • Establish and conserve watershed conservation areas of the Batak fish ecosystems and biodiversity and endemic habitat for lakes; surroundings • Preserve wildlife reserves as habitat for endangered animals and sources of plasma nuftah, as well as natural research laboratories; • Developing an arboretum as a place for preservation and / or preservation of endemic plants including plants of Orchid Toba, Andaliman, and Semar Bags; and • Controlling the development of water hyacinth plants with the removal of water hyacinth plants thoroughly and periodically from the waters of Lake Toba 3 Preservation of • Maintaining the existence and revitalization of the Batak traditional village the village area area and the Batak historical site with high cultural value; and the culture of • Applying the condition of a residential area with the concept of having a the Batak Batak cultural architecture and facing the lake; indigenous • Develop an international Batak cultural center; people • Increase the quantity and quality of infrastructure for health care services, and medical services (the number and range of services and medical personnel); • Increasing the quantity and quality of infrastructure for the services of educational facilities and teaching staff; • Increase the quantity and quality of residential infrastructure services in the form of environmental sanitation, drainage and solid waste, drinking water, and green open space (RTH); and • Increasing the quantity and quality of reliable electricity and telecommunications energy infrastructure services. 4 Development and • Develop and revitalize the tourism designation area based on natural control of the use tourist attractions, cultural tourist attractions, and man-made tourist of high-end attractions; tourism areas and • Reorganizing the tourism designation region which is at the border area mass tourism of the lake, at the height of the hills, and in the area of the slope is greater areas with than 40%; international, • Develop and improve the quantity and quality of tourism infrastructure national and (accommodation, banking, travel agency services, education and tourism) regional for the high-class tourism allocation (high-end) and mass tourism based attractions that on culture and panoramic lake and adaptive to natural disasters; are adaptive to • Develop a network access transport (road, ferry, sea, and air), a reliable, natural disasters environmentally friendly, and adaptive disaster to / from the center of national activities, and / or to / from the exit of international, regional, national, and inter-regional designation tourism; • Develop and improve the quantity and quality of public infrastructure that supports tourism designation region (water supply systems, wastewater treatment, solid waste, drainage, and rth reliable); and

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NO POLICY STRATEGY • Strengthen and improve the quantity and quality of telecommunications network systems (terrestrial networks and satellite networks) and electrical energy networks (hydropower, wind, geothermal, and micro hydro). 5 Control of lake • Controlling aquaculture cultivation areas and the existence of kja by fisheries determining the location of aquaculture cultivation areas and working cultivation areas areas based on the quality of class i water quality standards; • Prohibit lake fisheries cultivation in open water areas from banks to depths of 30) meters which have the main function as basic animal habitats and fish spawning areas; • Controlling aquaculture in open water / limnetic areas with depths of 30 meters to 100 meters and in the waters of Lake Toba outlet area in accordance with the environmental carrying capacity and quality of class i lake water quality standards; and • Controlling aquaculture in a limited area in deep / deep waters at depths above 100 meters as a decomposer zone of natural ecosystems. 6 Retention of food • Maintaining the agricultural land area of technical irrigated food crops crop farming including sustainable food agricultural land; areas for food • Maintain the area of food crop agriculture on land with a slope of 25% - security 35% through the application of a terracing system; • Develop and manage the infrastructure of reservoirs and irrigation networks; and • Controlling agricultural food cultivation areas that cause lake water pollution or with the development of organic agriculture. 7 Control of • Controlling the development of horticultural agricultural cultivation areas community-based that have the potential to cause damage to protection forest and water and pollution areas of Lake Toba; environmentally • Controlling the area of animal husbandry with an integrated and friendly farming, environmentally friendly business and community; horticulture and • Developing wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the farming area; plantation • Controlling the development of competitive cultivation cultivation areas cultivation areas in accordance with the carrying capacity and capacity of the environment; and • Developing types of plantation crops that are suitable for local conditions and climate. 8 The realization of • Develop and enhance cooperation in the management and maintenance cooperation in of water resources in parts of the sub-Regency and paint regions between managing and Regencys based on research and scientific studies; maintaining the • Develop and improve cooperation in implementing lake water quality quality of the based on class i water quality standards; environment, • Develop cooperation in the promotion of culture, tourism and creative marketing the economy between regions in Lake Toba; production of • Develop and enhance cooperation in increasing the added value of cultivation areas, production, marketing and packaging of superior commodities in the Lake and improving Toba region; the infrastructur • Strengthen cooperation in promoting investment opportunities in Lake Toba; • Develop and enhance cooperation in the use of left and right sides of the road, complementary transportation, lake crossing, and air transportation services in Lake Toba;

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NO POLICY STRATEGY • Develop and enhance cooperation in the management of wastewater network systems, drinking water supply systems, and integrated inter- regional regional solid waste infrastructure in Lake Toba; • Controlling physical development or limiting new development permits The area is built on the side of the road to Lake Toba along the banks of Lake Toba; and • Control the physical development of residential areas and / or urban sprawl (urban sprawl) along the left and right sides of the road. Source: Presidential Regulation No. 81 of 2014, 2014, Ministry of Agraria and Spatial Planning

Table 3. Spatial Structure Plan for Service Centers Activities of the National Strategic Area of Lake Toba and Surroundings

SERVICE CENTER SYSTEM URBAN AREA

Primary Service Center • Sidikalang Regional Activity • Merek Local Activity Cente Cente • Pangururan Local Activity • Balige Regional Activity Cente Cente • Tarutung Local Activity Cente • Dolok Sanggul • Parapat-Ajibata Local Activity Cente Secondary Service Center • Siborong-borong Local Activity • Sagala Cente • Onan Runggu • Porsea Local Activity Cente • Haranggaol Horison • Muara • Tele • Nainggolan • Bakkara • Tiga Ras • Ambarita • Tomok Certain Service Center • Ronggur Nihuta • Silumboyah • Sabulan • Tiga Lingga • Lintong Nihuta • Gunung Sitember • Laguboti • Sitinjo • Sipultak • Siempat Rube • Sipohon • Parlilitan • Sipahutar • Pollung • Paranginan • Siempat Rube 1 • Sigumpar • Singgabur • Silaen • Mogang Palipi • Narumonda I • Sumbul • Sigaol • Tampahan • Lumban Julu • Silalahi Sabungan • Pangobusan • Harian • Lumban Lobu • Tuk-Tuk • Tiga Baru Source: Lake Toba and Surroundings National Strategic Spatial Plan

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Table 4. Spatial Planning Policy and Strategy for Lake Toba Region based on Kabupaten Karo Spatial Plan

NO. POLICIES STRATEGIES 1 Maintenance and realization of the - Maintain area and improve the quality of the preservation of environmental environment; functions and restoring the balance of - Maintaining the function of protected areas to the ecosystem reduce the impact of disasters; and - Restore and improve the function of protected areas that have declined. 2 Development of integrated and - Limiting the development of cultivation activities synergistic cultivation activities in in areas that are protected and in disaster-prone accordance with the carrying capacity areas to minimize the potential for disasters and and environment capacity potential losses due to disasters; - Develop a buffer zone that separates protected areas and cultivated areas through non-built cultivation activities; - Establish the provisions of zoning regulations in each cultivation area according to their characteristics; - Develop international, national and regional trade and service functions; and - Developing public service functions hierarchically to serve the needs of the community. 3 Development of strategic Regency - Revitalization of cultural heritage sites, areas from the standpoint of economic, developing cultural potentials and local wisdom social and cultural growth, the function and tourism in order to support regional and carrying capacity of the economic development; environment, and the utilization of - Develop activities to utilize high-tech resources natural resources and / or high for the prosperity of the community in a technology sustainable manner. Source: Spatial Planning Document of Kabupaten Karo, 2009, Karo Local Government

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Table 5. Direction of Plans for Toba Lake Region Based on Kabupaten Karo Spatial Plan

NO PLAN REALIZATION PLAN DIRECTION

1 Infrastructure Transportation Development of crossings that connect Tongging Pier System in Merek Sub-Regency of Karo Regency to Samosir Island in Samosir Regency and other Regencys around Lake Toba

Water resources Management of water resources which consists of conservation of water resources of Toba Lake in the Merek Sub-Regency

2 Space Pattern Local Protected The area around the lake as determined at least 50 Area (fifty) meters to 100 (one hundred) meters from the highest tide point towards land for the area around Toba Lake in the Merek Sub-Regency

Source: Spatial Planning Document of Kabupaten Karo, 2009, Karo Local Government

Table 6. Spatial Planning Policy and Strategy for Lake Toba Region based on Kabupaten Simalungun Spatial Plan

NO. POLICIES STRATEGIES

1 Development of socio-economic - Establish centers of growth and service for activities in urban areas developed community economic activities. through the principle of optimizing - Accelerate the arrangement of detailed spatial land use plans and zoning regulations for urban areas. - Providing basic urban infrastructure and facilities in accordance with the needs at the right time to accelerate the preparation of detailed plans

2 Development of strategic areas in the - Develop tourism area around Toba Lake context of equitable development centered in the City of Parapat.

Source: Local Government Regulation (Perda) No. 10 Year 2012 about the Spatial Planning of Kabupaten Simalungun, 2012, Simalungun Local Government

Table 7. Direction Plans for Toba Lake Region Based on Kabupaten Simalungun Spatial Planning

NO PLAN REALIZATION PLAN DIRECTION

1 Infrastructure Transportation - The development of ASDP Tigaras as a ferry port system with the main function to support tourism areas that are oriented to Toba Lake.

2 Space pattern Protected areas for - Regions that provide protection for subordinate subordinate areas areas to protect the availability of water for

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NO PLAN REALIZATION PLAN DIRECTION

springs, rivers and lakes, especially in the catchment area of Toba Lake.

Disaster-prone - Potential landslides are found in the catchment areas area of Lake Toba, the border area of Raya Regency with Raya Kahean Regency, Dolok Silou Regency, and Silou Kahean Regency.. - Forest fire prone areas include along the Toba Lake Region.

Source: Local Government Regulation (Perda) No. 10 Year 2012 about the Spatial Planning of Kabupaten Simalungun, 2012, Simalungun Local Government

Table 8. Spatial Planning Policy and Strategy for Lake Toba Region based on Kabupaten Samosir Spatial Plan

NO. PLAN STRATEGY 1 Preservation and stabilization of Maintain consistency and integration in the use protection functions in parts of the of protected areas in border areas with Regencys region that will or still have a protective on the shores of Toba Lake. function. 2 Development of the cultivation area is Developing fisheries areas carried out in the directed according to the ability of the waters of Toba Lake and water bodies that are on carrying capacity of the environment; land in a sustainable manner, as well as the increasing regional accessibility to serve development of inland fisheries domestic needs, and export needs. 3 Settlement Infrastructure Development. - Organizing residential areas in the area of the green lane or the border of the lake or the outskirts of Toba Lake as long as it does not damage the carrying capacity of the environment; - Build a residential neighborhood on the edge of the lake to encourage the waters of Toba Lake as the front porch of the residential area. Source: Spatial Planning Document of Kabupaten Samosir, 2016, Samosir Local Government

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Table 9. Direction Plans for Toba Lake Region Based on Kabupaten Samosir Spatial Planning

NO PLAN REALIZATION PLAN DIRECTION 1. Network system Transportation - Development of tourism jetty that connects tourism objects through tourist cruise routes with routes Malau Island - Tulas Island - Aek Rangat - Simbolon -Turpuk Limbong - Hatoguan - Mogang - Sabulan - Sirait / Nainggolan –Lagundi - Lottung - Tuk-tuk Siadong and connected with other tourism objects in other Regencys in the waters of Toba Lake - Determination of landing water planes (amphibians) in the waters of Toba Lake (water plane strip). Water resources - Increased production capacity of existing clean water sources for the area around Toba Lake using lake water sources while for areas with hilly conditions rely on clean water sources from springs, rainfed rivers and ponds (reservoirs) such as in the area of Ronggur Nihuta areas. , Eastern Pangururan Sub- Regency, Western Onan Runggu, Northern Nainggolan, Western Simanindo, Eastern Palipi and Western Sianjur Mula-Mula Sub-Regency. Energy - Utilization of Toba Lake water into electrical energy (Upper Samosir). Other Regional - Disaster evacuation route plan in the Toba Lake Infrastructure Watershed 2 Space Pattern Cultivation Area - The development of floating net cage aquaculture (KJA) in Toba Lake, its development really needs to be controlled and restricted because it has the potential to cause water pollution, especially in the waters of Pangururan Sub-Regency, Simanindo Sub- Regency and Onan Runggu Sub-Regency. Protected area - Protection of subordinate areas against the Toba Lake border area Source: Spatial Planning Document of Kabupaten Samosir, 2016, Samosir Local Government

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Table 10. Spatial Planning Policy and Strategy for Lake Toba Region based on Kabupaten Toba Samosir Spatial Plan

NO. POLICIES STRATEGIES 1 Strengthening functions and optimizing - Support efforts to preserve the function and the development of Toba Samosir carrying capacity of the environment to Regency as part of the National Urban maintain and improve the balance of System, National and Provincial Strategic ecosystems and living areas of the national Areas and Mainstay Regions and area of Lake Toba optimizing the development of Regency strategic areas 2 Strengthening the function of protected - Organize integrated efforts to preserve the areas and enhancing the sustainability of ecosystem of Toba Lake. environmental functions, natural - Control the growth of cultivation activities at resources and artificial resources the Toba Lake border. Source: Local Government Regulation (Perda) No. 12 Year 2017 about the Spatial Planning of Kabupaten Toba Samosir, 2017, Toba Samosir Local Government

Table 11. Direction Plans for Toba Lake Region Based on Kabupaten Toba Samosir Spatial Plan

NO PLAN REALIZATION PLAN DIRECTION 1 Infrastructure Transportation - The provincial strategic road network includes the outer system network ring road of Lake Toba. - Road development on the outskirts of Lake Toba, Tampahan - Balige - Laguboti - Sigumpar - Siantar Narumonda - Porsea - Connecting between settlements and activity centers on the outskirts of Toba Lake, Toba Samosir Regency consists of: Balige Port, Ajibata Port, Pier in Porsea and Pier in every activity on the Lake Toba Suburbs - The development of Sibisa Airport to support air movement in the Lake Toba Region and its surroundings and at the same time can function as a center for tertiary services and distribution. Water source - Construction of raw water units sourced from drinking network water treatment plants (BPAM) on the edge of Lake Toba in Balige Regency, Tampahan, Lumban Julu, and Ajibata Sub-Regency 2 Space Protected area - Changes in forest area designation to plan the use of Pattern ecotourism activities part of the development area of the Lake Toba Region management institution, in Ajibata Sub-Regency - Protection of the subordinate's area against the area around Lake Toba with lake border located in the outskirts of Lake Toba, spread in Balige, Tampahan,

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NO PLAN REALIZATION PLAN DIRECTION Laguboti, Porsea, Sigumpar, Siantar Narumonda, Uluan, Lumban Julu, and Ajibata Subdistricts. Cultural Heritage - Lake Toba geopark geopark caldera includes Eden Park Area 100 Lumban Julu Subdistrict, Liang Sipege Cave in Balige Subdistrict, Batu Basiha Sibodiala Village, Situmurun Waterfall Lumban Julu Subdistrict, Siregar Aek Nalas hot spring Uluan Subdistrict - Development of the potential of the shores of Lake Toba in Lumban Silintong, Lumban Bulbul, Sibola Hotang, Lumban Gaol, Janji Maria in Balige Subdistrict, Pakkodian in Tampahan Subdistrict, Lumban Binanga in Laguboti Subdistrict, Pacific Coast and Pasir Putih Beach in Porsea Subdistrict, Sigaol-Siregar Aek Beach Nalas Uluan Subdistrict, Long Beach Beach in Ajibata Subdistrict and Lumban Binanga Beach in Sigumpar Subdistrict - Ecotourism area which is the coverage area of Lake Toba Tourism Area in Ajibata Subdistrict Source: Local Government Regulation (Perda) No. 12 Year 2017 about the Spatial Planning of Kabupaten Toba Samosir, 2017, Toba Samosir Local Government

Table 12 Direction Plans for Toba Lake Region Based on Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Spatial Plan

NO PLAN REALIZATION PLAN DIRECTION 1 Network Transportation - Development of the Provincial Strategic Road system Network includes roads that are part of the Lake Toba Outer Ring Road located in Simalungun-Karo-Toba Samosir-Dairi-Humbang Regency, Hasundutan- Samosir-North Tapanuli and Salak-Hutatinggi- Sibongkaras-Batas Tapanuli Tengah road. - Development of a national strategic road network in the National Strategic Area of Lake Toba, covering the Siborongborong-Paranginan-Lintongnihuta road section, Bakara-Doloksanggul road segment and the Batas Taput-Bakara-Tipang-Batas Samosir road segment. - Development and improvement of infrastructure and facilities at Bakkara port in Baktiraja sub-Regency as the crossing port of Bakkara – Balige, Bakkara – Muara, Bakkara-Nainggolan, to support development in the Lake Toba region, especially in the Humbang Hasundutan Regency. - Construction of the cable car transport network is planned to connect Sipinsur tourism sites (Humbang Hasundutan Regency) - Sibandang Island (North

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NO PLAN REALIZATION PLAN DIRECTION Tapanuli Regency), Sipinsur / Paranginan Subdistrict - Taman Bungan Lake Toba Regency / Lintingnihuta Subdistrict, Danau Toba-Dolok Pesona Park in Lintongnihuta Subdistrict. 2 Space Local Protection - Development of the lake border area along the Pattern Area outskirts of Lake Toba in Baktiraja Subdistrict. Source: Spatial Planning Document of Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan, 2016, Humbang Hasundutan Local Government

Table 13. Direction Plans for Toba Lake Region Based on Kabupaten Dairi Spatial Plan

NO PLAN REALIZATION PLAN DIRECTION 1 Infrastructure Transportation - Development of a national strategic road system network on the Lake Toba ring road - Development of the Regency's strategic road network on the Lake Toba ring road linking the Silalahi-Paropo road segment (Dairi Regency) - Tongging (Karo Regency) and Silalahi Binangara (Dairi Regency) - Samosir Regency - Integration of shipping routes in the Lake Toba Region, namely the shipping lane Ajibata- Tomok, Simanindo-Tigaras, Balige-Onan Runggu and Nainggolan-Balige - Optimization of the shipping route by not disrupting the function of fisheries and tourism cultivation areas - Development of ASDP transportation modes and supporting facilities in accordance with the character of the voyage Water resources - Development of a water resources network system in the Toba River area and the Toba Asahan River Basin 2 Space pattern Border area - Development of the lake border area along the outskirts of Lake Toba in the Silahisabungan Subdistrict Tourism area - Development of the natural tourism area of Lake Toba in Silahisabungan Subdistrict Source: Spatial Planning Document of Kabupaten Dairi, 2014, Dairi Local Government

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Table 14. Spatial Planning Policy and Strategy for Lake Toba Region Based on Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Spatial Plan

NO. POLICIES STRATEGIES

1 Maintenance and realization of - Restore and improve the function of protected areas environmental conservation, as that have decreased in quality. well as reducing the risk of natural - Develop alternative energy disasters. - Prevent further environmental destruction through the application of systematic control of spatial utilization - Optimizing the use of natural resources to preserve the environment and reduce disaster risk

2 Optimizing the utilization of space - Applying the concept of intensification of technical for cultivation areas in accordance irrigation agricultural land for other cultviation with the carrying capacity and activities; capacity of the environment - Optimizing the use of sleeping areas for productive activities;

- Developing agricultural cultivation areas according to the ability and suitability of the land.

Source: Local Government Regulation (Perda) No.3 Year 2017 about the Spatial Planning of Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, 2017, Tapanuli Utara Local Government

Table 15. Direction Plan for Lake Toba Region Based on Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Spatial Plan

NO PLAN REALIZATION PLAN DIRECTION

1 Environmental Urban and rural Construction of raw water units sourced from infrastructure water supply drinking water treatment buildings (BPAM) on the network system network banks of Lake Toba in Muara Subdistrict, rivers in Tarutung Subdistrict, and rivers in Siborongborong Subdistrict

2 Space pattern Local protection Protected area on the lake border around Lake Toba area area

Source: Local Government Regulation (Perda) No.3 Year 2017 about the Spatial Planning of Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, 2017, Tapanuli Utara Local Government

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Table 16. Spatial Planning Policy and Strategy for Lake Toba Region Based on Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat Spatial Plan

NO. POLICY STRATEGY 1 Developing residential centers to - Increase the development of trade service activities to support economic development in support primary and secondary activities, as well as the agriculture, mining and tourism create rural employment, especially in growth centers sectors according to regional in the City of Salak as a center for local activities; carrying capacity - Developing leading sector activities in the mainstay areas, including food crops, plantations, livestock, and tourism 2 Encouraging the growth of agro- - Developing agro-processing industries according to based secondary and tertiary regional superior commodities and market needs; economic sectors according to the - Increasing tourism activities through improving advantages of high economic value supporting infrastructure and facilities, managing areas, managed successfully, more professional tourism objects and promoting integrated and environmentally more aggressive and effective tourism areas. friendly 3 Encouraging the growth of agro- - Optimizing the use of sleeping areas for productive based secondary and tertiary activities; economic sectors according to the - Developing agricultural cultivation areas according to advantages of high economic value the ability and suitability of the land. areas, managed successfully, integrated and environmentally friendly Source: Spatial Planning Document of Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat, 2016, Pakpak Bharat Local Government

Table 17. Direction Plan for Lake Toba Region Based on Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat Spasial Plan

NO PLAN OBJECTIFICATION DIRECTION OF THE PLAN 1 Urban Transportation - Development of a primary collector network from Structure System the Sukarame-Salak intersection to the Humbang Hasundutan District; - Development of local road networks to Dairi District. Water Resources - Groundwater Basin (CAT) management; System - Simple micro hydropower plant (PLTMH) 2 Urban Local Protection - Development of ecotourism tourism designation Patterns Area areas, agritourism, indigenous and cultural tourism Source: Spatial Planning Document of Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat, 2016, Pakpak Bharat Local Government

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Table 18. Tourism Development Policy and Strategy Based on Nastional Tourism Strategic Area Masterplan of Lake Toba and Surroundings

SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY REGIONAL Development of tourism − Inventory and determination of tourism POLICY spaces to support product spaces / thematic tourism sub-areas in KSPN diversification and Toba and its surroundings competitiveness as well as equal distribution of tourism in the Toba Region Development of an − Development and strengthening of linkages integrated visit and integration of tourism packaging management network between tourism space potential in KSPN between tourism spaces Toba and its surroundings developing in KSPN Toba and surrounding areas TOURISM Strengthening / revitalizing − Revitalization plans for natural, cultural and ATTRACTIONS tourist attraction to improve special / artificial tourism attractions that have POLICY product quality and developed for the mass tourism segment and competitiveness in niche market segments in the region attracting interest and − Development of revitalization of loyalty to existing market undeveloped natural, cultural and special / segments artificial tourism attractions for mass tourism segments and niche market segments in the region Development of − Inventory and planning for the development diversification of tourist of tourist attractions in order to diversify attractions in order to tourism products to encourage regional encourage regional equity equity and growth and growth − Development of tourist attraction in order to diversify tourism products to encourage equitable distribution and growth of the region Development of an − Development and strengthening of linkages integrated visiting and integration of tourism packaging management network between tourism space potential in KSPN between tourism spaces Lake Toba and its surroundings developing in KSPN Lake Toba and its surroundings Strengthening the − Strengthening conservation efforts towards preservation of tourism specific tourism and environmental resources resources in KSPN Lake in the region in KSPN Lake Toba and its Toba and its surroundings surroundings (including green open space, specific landscapes, rice fields) − Mapping and protection of geological potential and mineral resources in the area in KSPN Danau Toba and its main surroundings

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SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY − Mapping and protection of cultural potential / resources (cultural heritage, traditional customs, arts) in the region Pioneering the − Inventory and planning for the development development of tourist of tourist attractions in the framework of attraction in order to pioneering development to encourage encourage regional equity regional equity and growth and growth − Strengthening the management of tourism and environmental resources Development of tourist − Development of product management attraction to improve innovations and capacity of tourist attraction product quality and to encourage the accelerated development of competitiveness in regional tourism areas in a sustainable attracting interest and manner loyalty to existing market − Strengthening conservation efforts segments (protection, development and utilization) of forestry potential, landscapes and waters of Lake Toba to support the development of tourist attractions − Strengthening preservation (protection, development and utilization) potential of energy resources and mineral resources (including geological potential) to support the development of tourist attraction − Strengthening preservation (protection, development and utilization) cultural potential / resources to support the development of tourist attraction Control the implementation − Improved coordination between local of the development of governments, businesses, and the community tourist attraction in KSPN − Increased supervision of development, Toba and its surroundings control and utilization/development of tourism to support the sustainability of the development of KSPN Toba tourism destinations and surroundings TOURISM Development and − Development and consolidation of networks DESTINATIONS strengthening of networks and infrastructure of land transportation, DEVELOPMENT and transportation road transport, ferry transportation, sea POLICY infrastructure in support of transportation and air transportation in tourism development strengthening connectivity between regional or national tourist gateways with attraction locations and tourist activity centers − Development of transportation facilities for easy access and movement of tourists to destinations and movement of tourists in KSPN Toba and its surroundings − Development of comfort and security of transportation facilities for the movement of

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SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY tourists to destinations and movement of tourists in KSPN Toba and its surroundings Development and − Development and stabilization of the strengthening of availability, capacity, safety and convenience transportation facilities to of transportation modes in increasing the support the movement of ease of access and movement of tourists in tourists and the KSPN Lake Toba and its surroundings development of regional − Development and strengthening of ease of tourism access to information, reservation and integration of transportation mode services in supporting the movement of tourists Development of − Development and improvement of ease of infrastructure and access to transportation infrastructure as a transportation infrastructure movement node that connects tourist origin in supporting tourism locations to tourist destinations and development movements in KSPN Toba and its surroundings − Development and improvement of transportation infrastructure to create connectivity between regional and / or national tourist gates with and between components of attraction and tourism activity centers within KSPN Toba and its surroundings − Development and improvement of transportation infrastructure that supports the convenience of traveling to tourist destinations and movements within KSPN Toba and its surroundings − Development of transportation infrastructure facilities connecting between hubs and tourist attractions Development of a − Development of a connecting transportation transportation network system between the hub and tourist system to support tourism attraction development − Development of a transportation system that supports the ease of movement of tourists by utilizing various types of transportation methods in an integrated manner GENERAL Development of public − Preparation of public facilities, basic facilities INFRASTRUCTURE infrastructure, public (electricity and lighting networks, clean water DEVELOPMENT, facilities and tourism networks, waste disposal systems) at KSPN GENERAL facilities in support of Toba and surrounding areas FACILITIES AND tourism development in − Development of telecommunications TOURISM KSPN Toba and its infrastructure and information technology for FACILITIES surroundings tourism development in KSPN Toba and its POLICY surroundings

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SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY − Increasing new land clearing for investors to build public infrastructure, public facilities and tourism facilities at KSPN Toba and its surroundings Development of basic − Planning, developing and stipulating public / physical regulations in the framework of developing infrastructure (electricity basic public / physical infrastructure to networks, support tourism telecommunications, clean water networks, sewage systems) Development of public − Planning, developing and stipulating facilities (public toilets, rest regulations in order to develop public areas, medical services, facilities to support tourism internet cafes, etc.) to support tourism development Development of tourism − Planning, developing and stipulating facilities (tourist information regulations in order to develop tourism centers, accommodations, facilities to support tourism restaurants, souvenir centers, etc.) to support the growth of tourism activities and fluency tourist activities Control of the construction − Development and improvement of technical of public infrastructure, guidance and evaluation in the construction public facilities, and tourism of public infrastructure, public facilities and facilities in KSPN Toba and tourism facilities at KSPN Toba and its surrounding areas that have surroundings exceeded the carrying capacity threshold Improving the quality of − Development and implementation of various public infrastructure, public partnership schemes between local facilities and tourism government and private (public private facilities that encourage partnership) growth, improve the quality − Development and implementation of various and competitiveness of management independence schemes tourist attraction in KSPN − Development of public infrastructure, public Toba and its surroundings facilities and tourism facilities that meet the needs of tourists with special needs (difable) DEVELOPMENT Development of the − Increasing community participation in COMMUNITY potential, participation and tourism development in KSPN Lake Toba and EMPOWERMENT capacity of local community its surroundings OF TOURISM resources in developing − Inventory and mapping the potential and DESTINATION tourism productive needs of local community capacity building in businesses tourism development

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SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY Optimizing gender − Improving gender mainstreaming through mainstreaming through tourism development in KSPN Lake Toba and tourism development its surroundings Increasing the potential and − Develop productive businesses in the field of capacity of local resources tourism to increase local resources in KSPN through the development Lake Toba and its surroundings of productive businesses in the tourism sector Strengthening the value − Develop the value chain of community chain partnership between businesses in the tourism sector in KSPN Lake businesses in the tourism Toba and its surroundings secto DEVELOPMENT Increased investment − Increase the granting of gradual tax relief for OF TOURISM incentives in tourism in foreign investment in the tourism sector DESTINATION accordance with the − Improve the improvement of tax services for INVESTMENTS legislation investment in foreign investment in the tourism sector − Increase the granting of gradual tax relief for foreign investment in the tourism sector Increased ease of − Developing Debureaucratization of investment in tourism investment in tourism − Develop regulatory deregulation that inhibits licensing Increased investment − Develop information on investment promotion in tourism opportunities in the tourism area − Improve investment promotion of KSPN Lake Toba in the field of tourism in the country and abroad − Increase the synergy of investment promotion in tourism with related sectors Improving the investment − Develop a good, effective and efficient climate in tourism licensing bureaucracy system for investment in tourism − Review regulations that inhibit investment in tourism − Develop a model for providing incentives for investment in tourism TOURISM Mapping, analyzing market − Analyze, determine and develop potential MARKETING opportunities and markets for domestic and foreign tourists DEVELOPMENT marketing initiatives to − Plan and develop a marketing mix strategy POLICY potential markets for potential target markets based on responsible marketing principles − Conduct integrated marketing pioneering between industries and between regions − Pioneering the development of the image of the tourism area by raising the uniqueness and strength of the products owned by the Regional region

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SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY Strengthening the mass − Develop marketing and promotion programs tourist market segment and to increase the growth of niche market developing market niche segments segments in optimizing the − Develop a theme-based promotion development of tourism − Increase the acceleration of tourist destinations and global movements market dynamics − Develop an intensification model for MICE marketing organized by other sectors Strengthening the mass − Develop a community-based tourist market tourist market segment with segment a focus on the development − Revitalize and diversify tourism products for of family segments / tourists cultural traditions, market − Accelerate tourism promotion programs niche development with a more focused focus on MICE segment − Develop a theme-based promotion development, student / − Increase tourism promotion publications student segment − Develop a MICE tourism segment development Development and − Develop and strengthen positioning strengthening of the image − Develop a program to protect consumer of Lake Toba as a tourism rights destination Development of integrated, − Develop synergistic integration of promotion synergistic, sustainable and between regional tourism stakeholders sustainable marketing − Develop marketing strategies based on partnerships responsible marketing, which emphasizes responsibility for society, environmental resources and tourists − Facilitate the establishment of destination development organizations Development of regional − Develop regional tourism promotion tourism promotion institutions as tourism promotion and institutions marketing institutions TOURISM Improving the quality and − Improve the competitiveness of tourism INDUSTRY diversity of tourism businesses POLICY business products − Creating a conducive business climate Improved facilitation, − Improve the system and facilitation scheme regulation and incentives for tourism businesses for tourism business − Improve the system and regulatory scheme development for tourism businesses − Increase the use of information technology in businesses in the tourism area Strengthening the structure − Facilitate the formation of tourism industry of tourism businesses organizations − Strengthen the chain of value creation Strengthening tourism − Develop patterns of industrial cooperation business partnerships across sectors

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SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY − Develop patterns of cooperation for emergencies − Developing MSMEs in supporting tourism businesses DEVELOPMENT Restructuring and − Reposition of Tourism Affairs in the Local OF TOURISM repositioning of tourism Government environment INSTITUTIONS organizations at the POLICY provincial level Optimizing coordination − Plan participatory cross-sector coordination between departments and (referring to Presidential Instruction 16 of with Regencys / cities 2005 concerning the Policy Direction of Culture and Tourism Development) Optimization of private and − Strengthening the role of the private sector in community tourism increasing the acceleration of tourism organizations at the development through Public-private provincial level Partnership (PPP) / good tourism governance − Develop and revitalize community organizations in the field of tourism Optimization of the tourism − Strengthen synchronization between business partnership provincial, private and community between the provincial, governments private and community − Improve government services to the private governments sector and society Optimization and − Optimizing tourism HR capacity acceleration of tourism HR − Professional certification in tourism Mapping competencies and procuring industrial human resources in each tourist area. Acceleration of the quality − Strengthening tourism education institutions of tourism education − Develop cooperation between educational institutions institutions and the tourism industry Standardization and − Professional certification of teaching staff certification of educators (lecturers) − Acceleration of the quality of tourism educators. Improving the quality of − Develop a mapping model and supply of government, industry industrial human resources in each tourist human resources destination in the long-term design of the tourism industry's HR needs − Optimization of Quantity and Quality of Human Resources in Tomok Tourism Industry, Tutuk, Ambarita Source: National Tourism Strategic Area Masterplan of Toba dan its Surroundings, 2011, Ministry of Tourism

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Table 19. Tourism Development Policy and Strategy Kabupaten Karo Tourism Master Plan

SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY Tourism 1. Development of Tourist Development, projection, stabilization and Attraction Attraction includes: revitalization of tourist attractions are carried Development a. Geotourism Attraction out by: b. Ecotourism Attraction 1. Develop new tourist attractions in various c. Agro Tourism Attraction tourism areas. d. Karo Cultural Attraction 2. Strengthen efforts to manage tourist and 2. Development of Tourist environmental attractions. Attraction includes: 3. Develop innovation in tourist attraction a. Pioneering the management and capacity of tourist development of Tourist attraction to encourage the acceleration of Attraction in order to the development of tourism areas. drive the growth of 4. Strengthen conservation efforts of potential Tourism Regions. tourist attractions and environmental in b. Development of Tourist supporting intensification. Attraction to improve 5. Develop diversification or diversity of tourist quality, competitiveness attractions. and attractiveness in 6. Strengthening the efforts of regional spatial attracting interest and planning and conservation of potential loyalty of existing tourist attractions and environmental in market segments; supporting diversification of tourist c. Strengthening Tourist attractions. Attraction to increase 7. Revitalize the structure, elements and competitiveness of activities that are driving tourism activities. attractiveness for 8. Strengthening the efforts of spatial planning attracting Tourist's and conservation of potential tourist revisit and wider market attractions and environmental. segments; and 9. Strengthening efforts to develop cultural d. Revitalization of Tourist and historical based tourist attractions for all Attraction in an order to Karo Regency’s Tourism Strategic Areas. improve quality, sustainability, competitiveness and attractiveness of Tourism Regions 3. Development of Tourist Attraction Includes, Development Policy of: a. Liang Melas Tourism Strategic Area b. Namokarang - Siosar Tourism Strategic Area c. Gajah Bobok - Tongging Tourism Strategic Area d. Liang Dahar - Titan Arum Tourism Strategic Area

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SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY e. Sinabung Tourism Strategic Area f. Barus - Sibayak Tourism Strategic Area Tourism Facilities Development of tourism a. Increasing the provision of incentives for the Development facilities includes: development of tourism facilities to support 1. Tourism development pioneering Tourism Strategic Area; and facilities to support b. Increasing government facilitation for the the development of a development of tourism supporting facilities tourism strategic area. on private initiatives; c. Pioneering and developing public facilities and basic physical public facilities to support the readiness of tourism areas and improve the competitiveness of tourism areas; d. Pioneering and developing public facilities and basic physical facilities to strengthen efforts for culture and history based ;tourism attractions development.

2. Improving the quality of a. Develop various partnership schemes tourism facilities that between the Government and the private encourage growth, sector improve the quality and b. Develop various independence management competitiveness of schemes tourism areas. c. Develop tourism facilities that provide the needs of special needs tourist 3. Controling the Tourism development and enhancement for development of tourism supporting the early stage of all strategic facilities for tourism tourism areas development by developing areas that have tourism facilities. exceeded the carrying capacity threshold. Tourism Tourism Accessibility and / a. Develop convenient land transportation Accessibility or Transportation modes along the main tourism corridors. Development development includes the b. Developing facilities for supporting development of: transportation modes that are comfortable 1. Transportation mode in and safe. supporting tourism c. Developing transportation modes for development; connection between tourist attractions and airports, ports and land transportation terminals that are safe and comfortable.

2. Transportation Infrastructure development of transportation of: infrastructure in a. Land that is comfortable and safe along the supporting tourism main tourism corridors; development; and b. Air is comfortable, safe and provides the needs of international flights as the main

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SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY tourism gateway to support the tourism development c. Supporting the development of international airports as the main gate of Tourism, and d. Connectivity between a tourist attraction and a comfortable and safe airport. 3. Transportation system System development of transportation of: in supporting tourism a. Land that is comfortable and safe along the development. main tourism corridors; b. Air is comfortable, safe and provides the needs of international flights as the main tourism gateway to support the tourism development c. Supporting the development of international airports as the main gate of Integrated Tourism Destination, for connection between Tourist Attraction and Airport. Community Community empowerment a. Develop community involvement as apart of Empowerment through tourism tourism development; and 1. Increasing the capacity b. Strengthen community institutions for and role of the tourism development community in the c. Positive response from the community to tourism development create a good investment climate sector; 2. Increasing the economic business of the community through the tourism enterprise; and 3. Strengthening public awareness of tourism.

Tourism Tourism Marketing is a. Analyze, determine and develop potential Marketing carried out through; markets 1. Mapping, analysis of b. Domestic and international tourists market opportunities c. Plan and develop a marketing mix strategy and initial marketing to for potential target markets based on potential markets responsible marketing principles d. Conduct integrated marketing pioneering between industries and between regions e. Pioneering the development of tourism image by raising the uniqueness and strength of its attractiveness 2. Strengthening the mass a. Develop marketing and promotion programs tourist market segment to increase the growth of niche market and developing niche segments market segments to b. Develop a theme-based promotion

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SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY optimize the c. Tourist movement acceleration development of tourism d. Intensification of special interest product destinations and global marketing organized by other sectors market dynamics. 3. Strengthening the mass Strengthening the mass tourist market segment tourist market segment, with a focus on developing family and with a focus on communities / traditions segments developing family segments and cultural / traditions communities, and developing niche market segments with a focus on developing special interest segments. 4. Developing and a. Develop and strengthen positioning strengthening the b. Develop a program to protect consumer image as a tourism rights. destination. 5. Develoment of tourism Strengthening tourist awareness includes: image as a safe, a. Increasing understanding, support, and comfortable and community participation in realizing the competitive tourism Sapta Pesona for the creation of a conducive destination. climate for local tourism b. Increasing people's motivation, opportunity and ability to recognize and love nature and culture Tourism image development as a safe, comfortable and competitive tourism destination by increasing the presence of the media in order to improve the positive image of tourism destination. 6. Increasing the role of a. Optimizing the use of marketing marketing communication media, both print and communication media electronic media; for tourism marketing b. Develop E-Marketing; and promoting. c. Increase the presence of media and in order to improve the positive image of Tourism; d. Public relations and develop marketing experience as a mechanism to bring in a large number of visits; and e. Public relations in handling image improvement after natural disasters. 7. Integrated, synergistic, a. Develop synergistic integration of sustainable and promotions between tourism stakeholders sustainable marketing b. Develop marketing strategies based on partnership responsible marketing, which emphasizes development.

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SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY responsibility for society, environmental resources and Travelers a. Facilitate the establishment of destination development organizations. 8. Supporting promotion a. Apply 5 working days policies to encourage b. Organizing various supporting programs for tourist. the implementation of joint leave by the central government. 9. Development of the Developing tourism promotion agency as Regional Tourism tourism promotion and marketing institutions Promotion Agency. Investment Development of investment a. Granting gradual tax relief for the foreign Development in tourism consists of: and domestic investment in the tourism 1. Increased incentives for sector. investment in tourism in b. Gradually improving tax services for foreign accordance with the and domestic investment in the tourism regulations sector. c. Positive response from the community to create a good investment climate. 2. Increased ease of a. Investment de-bureaucratization in tourism. investment in tourism b. Deregulation for regulation that inhibits permit process. 3. Increased promotion of a. Providing information on investment investment in tourism opportunities in the Tourism Area. b. Increasing the promotion of tourism investment in the country and abroad. c. Increase the synergy of investment promotion in the tourism sector with related sectors. Tourism Industry Tourism Industry a. Increasing the competitiveness of tourism Development Development, including: businesses; and 1. Improving the quality b. Creating a conducive business climate; and diversity of tourism business products; 2. Increasing facilities, a. System and facilitation scheme for tourism regulation and businesses incentives for tourism b. System and regulatory scheme for tourism business development; businesses c. Use of information technology for businesses in the Tourism Area. 3. Strengthening the Facilitating the formation of tourism industry structure of tourism organizations. strengthen the value added chain. businesses; and 4. Strengthening tourism a. Patterns of cross-sector industrial business partnerships cooperation; and micro small and b. Patterns of coordination and operational for medium enterprises in emergencies; and

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SCOPE OF POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY FORMULATION POLICY supporting tourism c. Micro small and medium enterprises for business. supporting tourism businesses Tourism The development of a. Reposition of Tourism affairs in the Institutional tourism organizations Government Development includes: b. Optimization of private and public tourism 1. Restructuring and organizations repositioning tourism c. Optimizing private and public tourism organizations organizations by: 2. Optimizing • Strengthen the participation of the private coordination between sector for enhancing the acceleration of agencies and with other tourism development through private and regencies / cities government partnerships, and 3. Optimization of private • Develop and revitalize community and public tourism organizations in the tourism sector. organizations d. Optimizing tourism business partnerships 4. Optimizing the tourism between the government, the private sector business partnership and the community by: between the • Strengthen synchronization between the Government, the private Government, the private sector and the sector and the community, and community • Improve services to the private sector and the community. Tourism human resource a. Optimization and acceleration of development includes: Government human resource competencies 1. Optimization and by: acceleration of • Optimizing the capacity of human resources Government human in regencies/ cities resource competencies; • Professional qualifications mapping in the 2. Acceleration of the tourism field. tourism education b. Acceleration of the tourism education institutions quality; institutions quality by: 3. Standardization and • Strengthening Tourism education certification for institutions; and educators • Cooperation between educational 4. Optimizing the quantity institutions and tourism industry. and quality of tourism c. Standardization and certification for human resources. educators through: • Professional certification for educators, teachers or lecturers; and • Acceleration of tourism educators quality. d. Optimizing the quantity of tourism human resources by: • Long-term design of tourism human resource needs • Mapping and procurement of human resources in each tourist area • Professional certification in the tourism sector Source: Kabupaten Karo Tourism Development Master Plan, 2017, Tourism Agency of Kabupaten Karo

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Table 20. Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Development Purpose and Goals

GOALS CONTRIBUTION INCREASING INCREASING INCREASING INCREASING PURPOSES IMPROVEMENT TOURIST LONG STAY TOURIST MANPOWER IN THE TO PDRB VISITS TOURIST EXPENDITURE FIELD OF TOURISM 1. Realize tourism products that integrate cultural and historical excellence, biodiversity, and geological ● ● ● ● excellence to improve tourism competitiveness Humbang Hasundutan District in the world 2. Realize national and international ACCESSIBILITY DEVELOPMENT and integrated locally, regionally, ● ● nationally and internationally; 3. Realize PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, PUBLIC FACILITIES, AND TOURISM FACILITIES national ● ● ● ● and international standards, environmentally sound, and characterized by Batak culture. 4. Realize the STRUCTURE OF THE STRONG TOURISM INDUSTRY through the development of networks with micro, small and medium industries in Humbang ● ● Hasundutan Regency, with the national and international tourism industry 5. Realize a HIGH CREDIBILITY AND PROFESSIONAL TOURISM INDUSTRY through the application of national and international standards and principles of ● ● ● ● ● environmentally friendly, upholding cultural values, and able to meet the needs of tourists.

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GOALS CONTRIBUTION INCREASING INCREASING INCREASING INCREASING PURPOSES IMPROVEMENT TOURIST LONG STAY TOURIST MANPOWER IN THE TO PDRB VISITS TOURIST EXPENDITURE FIELD OF TOURISM 6. Realizing INTEGRATED TOURISM MARKETING with tourism destinations in the Lake Toba Region, North Sumatra Province, and nationally to be able to capture ● ● ● wider and better quality domestic and foreign tourist markets 7. Realizing RESPONSIBLE TOURISM MARKETING in building the image of competitive tourism destinations ● ● ● that uphold cultural values and are sustainable. 8. Realizing INTEGRATED TOURISM ORGANIZATIONS IN GOVERNMENT, PRIVATE, AND COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENTS, AND SUPPORTING ORGANIZATIONS ● ● ● ● ● to support the acceleration of the development of tourism that is cultured, competitive, and sustainable. 9. Realizing TOURISM HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM which is able to encourage improvement of COMMUNITY CAPACITY as the main tourism agent, build INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATE ● ● ● ● ● HUMAN RESOURCES on tourism businesses, as well as increase the CAPACITY OF GOVERNMENT APPARATUS as a regulator and facilitator in tourism development in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. Source: Long Term Development Plan of Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan, 2005, Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Local Government

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Table 21. Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tourism Destination Development Policy and Strategy

POLICY STRATEGY 1. The development of tourism 1.1 Building District Tourism Strategic Areas (KSPK) Toba Caldera areas in Humbang Cultural Landscape which includes Baktiraja and Pollung Hasundutan Regency is Districts, as well as KSPK History of Struggle and Geotourism directed to integrating the that includes Parlilitan District and Tarabintang, with a advantages of history, strategic function to provide protection for the natural and culture, biodiversity and cultural richness of the typical Humbang Hasundutan geological excellence, as well Regency, while strengthening the strategic position of as answering the strategic Humbang Hasundutan Regency in national tourism. issues of Humbang 1.2 Building District Tourism Development Areas (KPPK) Creative Hasundutan Regency tourism Tourism Doloksanggul-Lintong Nihuta Paranginan and KPPK development. Agro Tourism Pakkat-Onan Ganjang-Sijamapolang which function to develop cultural potential, creative industry, and agrotourism to encourage growth and spread tourism development in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. 2. Development of primary 2.1 Developing Doloksanggul District as a primary tourism service centers and tourism service center that serves as a center for providing tourism secondary care centers in facilities and a center for distributing tourists and tourism Humbang Hasundutan activities to all areas of Humbang Hasundutan Regency. Regency. 2.2 Developing Pakkat and Baktiraja Districts as secondary service centers that serve as centers for tourism growth in the western and eastern regions of Humbang Hasundutan Regency. 3. Development of local, 3.1 Building six local tourism routes, namely the Toba Caldera regional and national landscape tourism pathway, traditional architectural tourism thematic tourism routes that pathways, Si Singamangaraja historical tourism routes, the combine the advantages of historical tourism struggle of Raja Si Singamangaraja XII, history, culture, biodiversity agrotourism pathways, and creative tourism pathways as and geological excellence development priorities to accelerate the spread of tourism and other tourist attractions development to the entire region of Humbang Hasundutan in the vicinity, supported by Regency. tourism facilities and public 3.2 Building two regional tourism routes, namely the Toba facilities in accordance with Caldera geotourism route and the Batak cultural tourism the theme of the tourist path. route as a development priority to integrate tourism development in Hasundutan Regency with tourism destinations in the Lake Toba Region and North Sumatra Province. 3.3 Building two national tourism routes, namely the Indonesian geotourism route and historical tourism paths of the national heroes' struggle in the late nineteenth century as development priorities to integrate tourism development in Humbang Hasundutan Regency with leading tourism destinations in Indonesia and strengthen identity as a tourism

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POLICY STRATEGY destination with significant geological and historical value at the national level. 3.4 Develop planning interpretations that are appropriate to the market segment of tourists in each path to strengthen the development of the theme of the tourist path. 3.5 Developing partnerships with the Government, other district / city governments, the business world and the media in developing tourism routes. 4. Development of thematic 4.1 Building community and village government awareness of tourism villages according to tourism and the tourism potential of the village. the potential of the village, 4.2 Developing a cultural tourism village in Baktiraja District. supported by tourism 4.3 Developing historical tourism villages in Parlilitan and Pollung facilities and public facilities Districts. in accordance with the theme 4.4 Developing agro tourism villages in Pakkat, Onan Ganjang, of the product being Sijamapolang, Paranginan and Pollung Districts. developed. 4.5 Developing geotourism villages in Baktiraja, Paranginan, Tarabintang, Pakkat and Sijamapolang Districts. 4.6 Developing ecotourism villages in Pollung, Parlilitan, Tarabintang, Onan Ganjang, and Paranginan sub-districts. 4.7 Developing adventure tourism villages in Parlilitan, Tarabintang, Pakkat, and Baktiraja Districts. 4.8 Developing creative tourism villages in Doloksanggul and Lintong Nihuta Districts. 4.9 Developing interpretation planning in accordance with the theme of tourism products that are developed and the market segment of tourists in all thematic tourism villages. 5. Development of educational 5.1 Developing research to support the strengthening of and creative tourism on the historical, cultural, geotourism, biodiversity, and tourism attractiveness of history, attractions, including agrotourism. culture, biodiversity, 5.2 Developing educational and creative tourism products and including agrotourism, as management on cultural, historical and agro-tourism well as education and attractions. adventure tourism on tourist 5.3 Developing educational tourism products and management attractions based on and special interest in flora / fauna on biodiversity-based geological diversity of tourist attractions, complemented by visitor management Humbang Hasundutan plans that match the carrying capacity. Regency. 5.4 Developing education and adventure tourism products and management on geological diversity based tourist attractions, equipped with health, safety and security facilities and services that meet standards. 5.5 Developing national and international events with the theme of history, culture and geotourism regularly. 5.6 Developing public museums, special museums, and living museums based on the advantages and distinctions of the history, culture and geology of Humbang Hasundutan Regency.

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POLICY STRATEGY 5.7 Developing interpretive and creative tour guidance in providing valuable knowledge and experience to tourists. 6. Strengthening cross-sectoral 6.1 Developing cross-sectoral communication and coordination coordination within the forums in natural and cultural conservation efforts that Government, North Sumatra support tourism development. Province, and Humbang 6.2 Developing a joint program between the Government, the Hasundutan District in efforts North Sumatra Provincial Government and the Humbang to conserve natural and Hasundutan Regency Government in the effort to protect, cultural resources to support develop, utilize and foster cultural and natural resources in the development of order to support sustainable and competitive tourism sustainable and competitive development. tourism destinations. 6.3 Developing regulations for the protection and preservation of natural and cultural resources, including those on customary and individual lands, in an effort to establish sustainable and competitive tourism destinations. 7. Development tourism- 7.1 Increasing the understanding and awareness of the public conscious communities that and tourists towards the importance of respecting and uphold local religious norms respecting religious norms and cultural values. and cultural values and 7.2 Increasing awareness of community tourism through tourists as the main actors in socialization and sustainable tourism awareness tourism development. development and development of Tourism Awareness Groups. 7.3 Building an environmentally conscious society as a driving force for tourism in Humbang Hasundutn Regency through education and development coaching. 7.4 Developing cross-sector communication and coordination forums in developing tourism-aware and environmentally conscious communities that uphold religious norms and cultural values. 8. Development of land and 8.1 Increasing the accessibility of land and lake national standard lake accessibility that from Tebing Tinggi - Pematang Siantar toll road - Parapat to connecting Humbang the primary and secondary service centers of tourism in Hasundutan district with Humbang Hasundutan Regency, including public tourism destinations in the transportation, tourist transportation, tourism information lake Toba region, Medan boards, and directions to tourist centers in the Regency regency, and Aceh Province. Humbang Hasundutan. 8.2 Developing national standard land and lake accessibility from Siantar Railway Station and from new stations to be built on the Siantar - Lake Toba railway line, to the primary and secondary service centers of Humbang Hasundutan Regency. 8.3 Developing national standard land accessibility from the west that connects Humbang Hasundutan Regency with Aceh Singkil District of Aceh Province, Pakpak Bharat, and Central Tapanuli. 8.4 Develop tourist transportation, directional boards, information boards and interpretations, as well as thematic

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POLICY STRATEGY information kiosks along regional tourism routes that connect Humbang Hasundutan Regency with other districts / cities in the Lake Toba Region, North Sumatra Province, and Aceh Singkil District Aceh Province. 8.5 Increasing the capacity of Bakkara Pier and transportation of lakes to Lake Toba tourism gateways in other districts (Tigaras, Brands, Parapat, Pangururan, and Balige) as well as to other leading tourism destinations around Lake Toba. 8.6 Increasing the capacity and quality of the road from and to Bakkara Pier to support the movement of the flow of distribution of people and goods using lake transportation modes, including tourists from tourism destinations in the Lake Toba Region. 9. Development of integrated 9.1 Developing an intermoda terminal at Silangit Airport, as well land accessibility from as a mass public transport system from Silangit Airport to various airports around primary and secondary service centers, as well as from service Humbang Hasundutan centers to the tourist attraction of Humbang Hasundutan Regency Regency. 9.2 Increasing the performance of the operation of the mass public transport system from Silangit Airport to primary and secondary service centers through the planning of a transport operating system, including frequency, travel time, distance between delivery times, bus capacity, as well as tourism information and services in order to provide quality services and experience to traveler. 9.3 Developing a train-based integrated public transport system from Kualanamu International Airport to the primary tourism service center of Humbang Hasundutan Regency. 10. Development of land 10.1 Increasing the capacity of the road through widening the accessibility that connects road body to the road network that connects the primary District Tourism Strategic and secondary service centers, between the KSPK and KPPK Areas (KSPK) and Regency centers, and between the KSPK and KPPK centers and the Tourism Development tourist attractions in them. Areas (KPPK), as well as the 10.2 Increasing road quality through maintenance, tourist attractions that are reconstruction and rehabilitation of road networks to tourist in it. attractions for road conditions that are damaged, heavily damaged and non-paved pavement. 10.3 Developing public transportation and thematic and community-based tourism transport that connects tourist attractions 11. Development of public 11.1 Increasing the supply and quality of clean water at infrastructure with national Doloksanggul primary service center, Pakkat and Baktiraja and international standards, secondary service centers, as well as tourism activity centers environmentally sound, and in the Humbang Hasundutan KSPK and KPPK, including able to meet the needs of thematic tourism villages. the community and

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POLICY STRATEGY tourists, especially in 11.2 Developing national standard and environmentally friendly primary service centers, sewerage and wastewater networks at Doloksanggul secondary service centers, primary care center, Pakkat and Baktiraja secondary service and Humbang Hasundutan centers, and tourist activity centers in the Humbang KSPK and KPPK. Hasundutan KSPK and KPPK. 11.3 Increase the supply and capacity of electrical energy that can meet the needs of tourists and tourism businesses through the development of electricity distribution networks and alternative energy by utilizing waterfalls and river water. 11.4 Developing a national standard and environmentally friendly solid waste and solid waste management system in Doloksanggul primary service center, Pakkat and Baktiraja secondary service centers, as well as tourism activity centers in the Humbang Hasundutan KSPK and KPPK. 11.5 Developing internet-based telecommunications network of Doloksanggul primary service center, Pakkat and Baktiraja secondary service centers, tourist activity centers in the Humbang Hasundutan KSPK and KPPK, including in thematic tourism villages 12. Development of public 12.1 Developing a district tourism information in facilities and tourism theDoloksanggul primary care center and Pakkat and facilities with national and Baktiraja secondary service centers, as well as village tourism international standards, information centers in thematic tourism villages. environmentally sound, 12.2 Develop hotels and other commercial accommodation characterized by Batak facilities that are national and international standards, culture, community-based, environmentally friendly, and Muslim friendly in the and supporting tourism Doloksanggung primary service center, Pakkat and Baktiraja themes developed. secondary service centers, and national thematic lectures in thematic tourism villages as development priorities. 12.3 Develop national and international standard dining and drinking facilities, as well as Muslim friendly at Doloksanggung primary care center, Pakkat and Baktiraja secondary service centers, and Humbang Hasundutan KSPK and KPPK centers. 12.4 Develop national and international standard facilities and services, environmentally friendly and Muslim friendly in locations of tourist attraction and tourism facilities and public facilities. 12.5 Developing national and international health facilities and services in tourist attractions and Doloksanggul primary service center, Pakkat and Baktiraja secondary service centers. 12.6 Developing national and international security and safety facilities and services in tourist attractions.

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POLICY STRATEGY 12.7 Developing facilities and procedures for handling landslides and fire disasters in tourist attractions, thematic tourism villages, tourism facilities and public facilities. 12.8 Developing integrated parking facilities in tourist attractions located in protected areas and thematic tourism villages. 13. Development of integrated 13.1 Developing regular business communication forums with investment regulations domestic and foreign investors, together with the trade and between tourism, trade and industry sectors. industry, as well as 13.2 Developing tourism investment regulations in order to regulations that encourage provide incentives to investors, without eliminating regional the acceleration of the assets and the community, to encourage accelerated growth of national and growth of national and international tourism facilities and international standard businesses. tourism facilities and 13.3 Building integrated information technology-based services businesses. for tourism investment. 14. Development of incentives 14.1 Building investor awareness of the religious and cultural for tourism investments norms of the community and the main tourist market of with national and Humbang Hasundutan Regency. international standards and 14.2 Developing strong law enforcement in the application of are environmentally friendly religious norms and cultural values prevailing in Humbang that apply religious norms Hasundutan Regency and cultural values prevailing in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. 15. Development of integrated 15.1 Building cross-sectoral coordination in developing tourism investment integrated tourism information and investment promotion promotion with other programs with infrastructure, public works, industry and sectors to encourage trade sectors. accelerated growth of 15.2 Developing a mechanism for monitoring and evaluating the tourism facilities, public implementation of integrated tourism investment facilities, and public promotion in infrastructure, public works, industry and trade infrastructure that support tourism development with local identity and national and international standards Source: Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tourism Masterplan, 2017, Tourism Agency of Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan

Table 22. Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tourism Industry Development Policy and Strategy

POLICY STRATEGY 1. Development of tourism 1.1 Develop cooperation between the Humbang business in supporting the Hasundutan District Government and the business realization of a strong and community to form tourism businesses.

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POLICY STRATEGY sustainable tourism industry 1.2 Implement and improve tourism business registration structure in Humbang services. Hasundutan Regency. 2. Development of micro, small and 2.1 Develop intensive and sustainable cross-sectoral medium industries that can coordination in order to build micro, small and support the development of the medium industries that are able to meet the needs of tourism industry in Humbang national and international tourism industries. Hasundutan Regency. 2.2 Improving guidance on micro, small and medium industries in order to provide added value to the products and businesses that are carried out.

3. Development of partnerships 3.1 Encouraging harmonious communication between between tourism businesses with tourism businesses and micro, small and medium micro, small and medium industries that support tourism. industries in the supply of raw 3.2 Encouraging the realization of long-term partnerships, materials, production and mutual reinforcement, and mutual benefits between distribution of products and tourism businesses with micro, small and medium business services. enterprises through facilitation and coaching programs.

4. Development of networks with 4.1 Encouraging the realization of a partnership between national and international the tourism industry of Humbang Hasundutan tourism industries in the Regency and the national and international tourism application of national and industry in the context of expanding the tourist market. international standards and 4.2 Building partnerships with national and international expansion of tourist markets. tourism business certification institutions to encourage acceleration of tourism business certification efforts

5. Development of products and 5.1 Building collective awareness of tourism business actors services in the national and on national and international standards, the principles of international tourism industry environmentally friendly and Muslim friendly, and the that apply environmentally cultural values of the Humbang Hasundutan community. friendly principles, uphold 5.2 Encouraging the application of tourism business cultural values, and be able to standards and halal product and service standards in meet the needs of tourists, tourism businesses in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. including the need for halal products and services. 6. Development of a tourism 6.1 Build collective awareness of tourism business actors industry management system towards developing responsibility for the natural, social that is responsible for the natural, and cultural environment. social and cultural environment. 6.2 Building regulations to encourage the tourism industry's responsibility for the natural, social and cultural environment. 6.3 Developing incentive mechanisms for the tourism industry that have shown significant contributions to the

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POLICY STRATEGY protection and development of natural, social and cultural environments.

Source: Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tourism Masterplan, 2017, Tourism Agency of Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan

Table 23. Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tourism Marketing Development Policy and Strategy

POLICY STRATEGY 1. Development of effective 1.1 Develop effective marketing communication techniques and marketing media in building the image of tourism destinations in history, communications to build culture, biodiversity and geotourism. tourism destinations with 1.2 Develop a joint program of tourism marketing with other historical, cultural, districts / cities in building the theme of regional and national biodiversity, and tourist routes. international geological 1.3 Develop responsive and effective crisis management in excellence. building a positive image of tourism in Humbang Hasundutan Regency

2. Development of tourism 2.1 Forming and developing the Humbang Hasundutan Regency marketing partnerships Regional Tourism Promotion Agency. between tourism 2.2 Developing KSPN Toba integrated tourism marketing and its businesses, between surroundings as a cultural tourism destination and geotourism Humbang Hasundutan is competitive through market research and joint promotion Regency and other districts programs. in the Lake Toba Region, 2.3 Developing integrated tourism promotion media with tourism between tourism in North Sumatra Province and Indonesia. businesses, and with 2.4 Developing partnerships with travel businesses in the regions tourism marketing in North and or countries that source tourist markets. Sumatra and Indonesia Provinces. 3. Development of domestic 3.1 Developing a continuous database and research market for tourist market families and domestic tourists in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. students, as well as other 3.2 Developing the domestic tourist market segment of families quality and easily accessible and students from other districts in the Lake Toba Region, segments as the main target other districts / cities in North Sumatra Province, DKI Jakarta market for tourists through and surrounding areas, as well as from other leading the development of creative Indonesian tourism destinations. promotions. 3.3 Developing the domestic tourist market of special historical and cultural interests, biodiversity and geology from all over Indonesia. 3.4 Developing national tourism promotion based on the theme of tourism history, culture, biodiversity, and geotourism by

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POLICY STRATEGY utilizing information technology in accordance with the market segment of tourists to be visited.

4. The development of the 4.1 Developing database and research market for foreign tourists market for foreign tourists in Humbang Hasundutan District. Developing tourist markets in the family segment and from Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, other Asian countries, and special interest in history, the Netherlands and European countries as the main targets of culture, biodiversity and family tourists and special historical and cultural interests. geotourism as the main 4.2 Developing markets for foreign tourists from Germany, France, target market for tourists Australia and Hong Kong as the main market targets for foreign tourists of special interest in biodiversity and geology. 4.3 Developing foreign tourism promotion based on the theme of tourism history, culture, biodiversity, and geotourism by utilizing information technology in accordance with the market segment of tourists to be visited.

5. Development of a 5.1 Developing interpretive information and communication on marketing system that the tourism promotion media of Humbang Hasundutan provides tourists with Regency to provide knowledge and understanding to the knowledge and culture of the Batak community and environmental understanding about the preservation. culture of the Batak 5.2 Developing tourism promotion media that is environmentally community and friendly and characterized by a typical Batak culture. environmental preservation. 6. Development of an 6.1 Developing a responsible tourism marketing performance effective tourism database based on information technology. marketing evaluation 6.2 Developing a mechanism for monitoring and evaluating system in measuring tourism marketing in building the image of tourism tourism marketing destinations for history, culture, biodiversity, and competitive performance in Humbang geological diversity. Hasundutan Regency. Source: Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tourism Masterplan, 2017, Tourism Agency of Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan

Table 24. Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tourism Institutional Development Policy and Strategy

POLICY STRATEGY 1. Development tourism 1.1 Encouraging the development of business organizations and the organization based on tourism profession in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. busines and tourism 1.2 Developing a mechanism for continuous communication and profession as the main coordination between business organizations and the tourism partner of the Humbang profession with the Humbang Hasundutan District Government.

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POLICY STRATEGY Hasundutan District 1.3 Developing a strategic program with business organizations and Government in building the tourism profession and the Humbang Hasundutan Regency tourism that is cultured, Government in the context of accelerating the development of competitive and tourism. sustainable. 2. The development of the 2.1 Strengthening the function and role of Regional Device Humbang Hasundutan Organizations in the tourism sector through bureaucratic reform District Government and organizational transformation efforts. organization which is able 2.2 Developing cross-sectoral communication and coordination to accelerate tourism forums in realizing the acceleration and integration of tourism development. development in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. 2.3 Establish and develop professional management institutions for tourist attraction which are assets of the Humbang Hasundutan District Government.

3. Development of tourism 3.1 Forming and developing tourism management institutions in the management institutions village by utilizing the institutions that have been developed in in villages that capable of the village (BUMDES, Sadar Wisata Group, Karang Taruna, etc.). mobilizing the potential 3.2 Strengthening the role of sub-district heads as coordinators, of the community, natural motivators, and evaluators of the development of tourism and cultural resources in management institutions in villages. the village to support the development of tourism that is cultured, competitive and sustainable.. 4. Development of tourism 4.1 Developing regulations for the development and management governance that is able to of thematic tourism products that are developed in the tourist integrate the steps of and thematic tourism villages. various tourism 4.2 Developing guidance in the management of visitors, the organizations, develop environment, and the impact of tourism in accordance with the the potential of the development guidelines for sustainable tourism destinations. community, provide 4.3 Developing regulations on retribution on tourist attraction which benefits to the wider are regional assets. community and the 4.4 Developing consistent and continuous monitoring and environment, and control evaluation in the framework of monitoring and controlling the impact of tourism. tourism in Humbang Hasundutan Regency.

5. Development of a 5.1 Developing regulations regarding education, training and regulatory framework that certification programs that are sustainable for human resources is legally enforceable for in the planning, management and control of tourism in sustainable human Humbang Hasundutan Regency. resource development programs, as well as

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POLICY STRATEGY mechanisms for incentives 5.2 Developing cooperation with the Professional Certification and disincentives for the Institute to accelerate the certification of tourism human community, tourism resources in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. business human 5.3 Developing incentive mechanisms for communities, human resources, and resources of tourism businesses, and government officials who government officials in contribute to the realization of Humbang Hasundutan Regency the context of cultural, tourism which is cultured, competitive and sustainable competitive and sustainable tourism of Humbang Hasundutan Regency. 6. Development of a tourism 6.1 Developing a local content curriculum on the richness of history education system that is and culture, biodiversity and its ecosystems, the geological able to answer the needs landscape as a tourism potential of Humbang Hasundutan of the tourism industry in Regency in primary and secondary education. Humbang Hasundutan 6.2 Developing cooperation between the tourism industry of Regency Humbang Hasundutan Regency and tourism education institutions in order to adapt tourism education and the needs of the tourism industry. 6.3 Developing medium and high level tourism education institutions in Humbang Hasundutan Regency.

Source: Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tourism Masterplan, 2017, Tourism Agency of Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan

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Table 25. Direction of the Lake Toba and Surrounding Area Development Program

A. MPDP INFRASTRUKTUR

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

Karo Kabanjahe Water Development, improvement and Merek Resource management of air units according to air quality standards so that they can be used as drinking water

Construction of Intek IKK Payung,Tiga Nderket, Juhar, Lau Biang

Preparation of Karo Regency Drainage Kabanjahe Master Plan

Drafting of Kabanjahe City Drainage DED Kabanjahe

Drainage Development Kabanjahe

Bina Marga Road construction − Dairi Regency Border – Tongging

− Tongging Road Simalungun Regency Border

− Bunuraya road - samura - sumbul - ajimbelang - berastagi

Preservation and widening of roads − Tongging Road -Dairi Regency Border

− Tongging Road - Sibolangit – Peapira

− Sibolangit Road - Simalungun Regency Border

− Penatapan Road ( Nasional Road Intersection) - Gorat Nipadang

− Gorat Nipadang Road - Penatapan Sipiso – Piso Waterfall

− Pengambatan Road - Aek Hotang

− Pengambatan Intersection Road - Pangambatan

− Kuta Sanggar Intersection Road- Kuta Sanggar

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Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− Situnggaling Road - Puncak Sipiso-piso

− Paralayang Intersection Road - Paralayang ( Gajah Bobok)

− Bandar Tongging Road - Naga Tongging

− Tongging Road – Merek

− Situnggaling Road - Tongging

− Sinabung refugee access road (geringging- negara-siosar-partibi lama)

− Tongging Road - Sibolangit – Peapira

− Kacaribu Road -Bunuraya (Kabanjahe- Tigapanah)

− BunurayaRoad - Samura - Sumbul - Ajimbelang – Berastagi (Kabanjahe, Tigapanah dan Berastagi)

− Ujung Aji Intersection road – Kabanjahe (Kabanjahe)

Road preservation and rehabilitation − Merek Road-Dairi Regency Border

− Merek Road-Kabanjahe

Cipta Karya Construction of SPAM Tambak Sibatu 50 Tambak Sibatu liters / sec

− Land Acquisition

− DED Drafting

− Intake Construction

Construction of IPA Steel Package 50 l / sec

Construction of 750 m3 Capacity Reservoir

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Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

Development of Main, secondary and tertiary Distribution Networks

Construction of Lau Biang SPAM 40 liters Lau Biang / sec

Release of IPA and Reservoir Land

− DED Drafting

− Construction of IPA Steel Package 40 l / sec

− Construction of 750 m3 Capacity Reservoir

Construction of Main and tertiary Distribution Networks in the MBR area

Revitalization of Sikite-kite SPAM (stage 1) Sikite-kite

− Broncaptering (40 l/sec)

− PVC Transmission Pipei /ST Ø 200 mm, 4500 m (20 l/sec)

− HDPE Distribution PIPE Ø 200 mm, 15000 m (20 l/sec)

− Reservoir 1000 m3

− Operational building

Procurement of urban stool trucks − Lau Cimba kabanjahe

− Land acquisition − Kampung Dalam

− Drafting of centralized SPAL D DED − Padang Mas

− Building of SPAL D Construction is − Gung Negeri centered on the settlement scale

Construction and development of TPA Dokan Dokan with the sanitary landfill + IPLT method

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Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

Slum Area Arrangement − Lau Cimba - -

− Padang Mas

− Gung Negeri

Housing Quality improvement 50 units self-help Kabanjahe/sumbul village and sumber mufakat houses village

Construction of New Self-Help Houses for Kabanjahe MBR

Development of rental flats for MBR Kabanjahe

Construction of MBR flats Kabanjahe

Non PUPR Development of telecommunications In all Kabanjahe Urban Areas Clustger 2 network systems in the form of

− Development of terrestrial networks in the form of telecommunication centrali

− Development of satellite telecommunication systems and integrated use of BTS systems

Development and construction of an At Kabanjahe international launch center

Revitalizing the area Downtown Kabanjahe

Increased tourism accommodation At Kabanjahe

Development of education and tourism At Kabanjahe services centers and healthy lifestyles

Simalungun Raya Sumber Daya Consolidation of Food Agriculture Sipangan Bolon Air Irrigation Networks in Sisera-sera Irrigation Area (DI)

Irrigation Network Rehabilitation (DI)

− Kerasaan − Kerasaan (Pematang Bandar) − Marmosi ( Kecamatan Hutanduhan) − Marmosi ( condition 30%) − Jorlan Huluan (Pem.Sidamanik)

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APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− Jorlang Huluan (condition 25%) − Simagarambang, Sidari Girsang (Girsang Bolon Subdistrict) − Bah Birong Hulu, Bandar Huta, Bandar − Simagarambang (condition 30%) Jawa/Bawang Siursa, Sibunga-bunga (Jorlang

Hataran) − Sidari Girsang( condition 35%) − Bahung Kahaen ( Dolok Batu Nanggar Subdistrict)

− Bah Birong Hulu (condition 35%)

− Bandar Huta (condition 35%)

− Bandar Jawa/ Bawang Siursa (condition 35%)

− Sibunga-bunga (condition 35%)

− Bahung Kahaen (condition 35%)

Development of periodic water quality Simalungun monitoring infrastructure spread over the waters of Lake Toba

Development, improvement and Girsang Sipangan Bolon management of raw water units in accordance with water quality standards so that they can be used as drinking water

Development and improvement of Raya drainage network systems in the form of Kota Raya primary drainage channels

Bina Marga Preservation and Widening of Roads − On Lingkar Parapat street (Girsang Sipangan Bolon)

− Haranggaol street-towards Seribu Dolok/Merek

− Haranggao streetl- Haranggaol-Simpang Salbe

− Simpang Raya street- Sipintu Angin- Simpang Salbe-Tiga ras-Tigaras pier

Appendix II I-157

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

Road preservation and rehabilitation − Parapat Street- Tobasa Regency border

− Saribu Dolok Street-Tiga Runggu

− Tiga Runggu street-Tj.Dolok

− Arteri Parapat street-Pematang Siantar City Border

− Pematang Siantar City Border-Pematang Raya

− Pematang Raya Street-Tiga Runggu

Preservation and reconstruction of roads − Simalungun Border-Saran Padang

− Saran Padang street- Saribu Dolok

Toll road construction Tebing Tinggi toll- Parapat (Tapian Dolok, Siantar, Jorlang Hataran, Dolok Panribuan, Girsang Sipangan Bolon)

Road construction − Karo Regency border street -Gaol-Hatanggaol

− Haranggaol street -Tanjung Unta-Parapat- Tobasa Regency border

Cipta Karya Development of IPA Bah Bulian and Bah Raya Sibagari II

− IPA and Reservoir Land Acquisition

− DED Drafting

− Environment document drafting

− IPA Construction Capacity 20 l/sec

− Reservoir construction capacity 500 m3

IPLT Construction Raya

− Land acquisition

− DED Drafting

− IPLT Construction

Appendix II I-158

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

Development and revitalization of the Raya Parapat Ajibata IPAL

Construction and development of Mandar Mandar landfill with sanitary landfill method

− Drafting of Mandar TPA DED with sanitary landfill method

− Environment document drafting

− Construction of TPA Mandar with a sanitary landfill system

Garbage Truck Procurement Raya

Housing Improving the quality of 100 units self- Raya help houses

New self help house construction for MBR Raya

Non PUPR Increased crossing access from Samosir to On Dolok Pardamean Subdistrict Cluster 2 Raya and Kabanjahe through the development and strengthening of Tigaras port infrastructure

Port infrastructure development On Dolok Pardamean Subdistrict supporting modern and environmentally friendly tourism activities

Development of electrical energy PLTB Sipintuangin infrastructure and facilities

Development of telecommunications Throughout the RayaUrban Area network systems in the form of

− Development of terrestrial networks in the form of telecommunication central

Appendix II I-159

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− Development of satellite telecommunication systems and integrated use of BTS systems

The development of research centers and On Raya agriculture area innovation centers based on scalable automation

Development of a tourism center based on On Raya Edu-Theme Park

Samosir Pangururan Water resource Stabilization of Food Agriculture Irrigation − Lontung (Simanindo) Networks in Irrigation Areas (DI) Lontung, − Siugan-ugan, Siguluan Sitete , Sisogot (Palipi) Sitete, Siugan-ugan, Siguluan, Telo Harian

Boho, Aek Siboras, Binanga Aron, Hairi, Hairi Gorat, Limbong, Nainggolan − Tele Harian Boho, Aek Siboras (Harian) Parhusip, Pangasean, Rianiate, Sibongbong Siriaon, Sigumbang, Sisogot − Binanga Aron , Rianiate, Sibongbong Siriaon and Tamba (Pangururan)

− Hairi, Hairi Gorat ( Onan Runggu)

− Limbong, Pangasean (Sianjur Mulamula)

− Nainggolan Parhusip, Sigumbang (Nainggolan)

− Tamba (SItiotio

Development, improvement and Sianjur Mula-mula, Onan Runggu, Pangururan, dan management of raw water units in Simanindo accordance with water quality standards so that they can be used as drinking water

Construction of ponds / reservoirs Samosir

− Sinapi

− Binanga Bolon

− Pea Nadeak

− Pea Tarahan

− Pae Aek Rihit

− Parsinagaan

− Pae Nauli

Appendix II I-160

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− Pae Nabagas

− Sidaek

− Lintong

− Pae Pangombosan

Intek waterfall construction Sitapi gagan Samosir

Drafting of DED Construction and Pangururan maintenance of drainage channels / culverts

Construction and maintenance of primary Pangururan drainage

Rivers normalization Pangururan

− Binanga Sioto

− Binanga Sijoreng

Bina Marga Bridge construction − Binangara Bridge

− Tano Ponggol Bridge

Road construction − Pangururan street-Aek Rangat- Tulas

− Tulas-Bonan Dolok- Hasinggahan

− Hasinggahan-Binangara (Dairi Regency border)

− Simapang Gonting street-Harian Sihotang

− Sihotang street-Tamba-Sibulan-Janji Raja (Humbang Hasudutan Regency border)

− Pangururan by pass street

Road preservation and rehabilitation − Tomok street - Ambarita

− Ambarita street- Simanindo

− Simanindo street-Pangururan

− Tele street – Pangururan

− Pangururan street - Nainggolan

− Nainggolan street-Onan Runggu

Appendix II I-161

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− Onan Runggi street - Tomok

Preservation and Widening of Roads − Lumban Pasir street-Lagundi

− Simanindo street -Simanindo port

− Onan Runggu street- Onan Runggu pier

− Nainggolan street - Nainggolan pier

− New access road Simanindo pier

− Palipi national strategic road -Palipi port

− Sipinggan national strategic road- Sipinggan port

− Tomok bypass street

− Ambarita bypass street

− National road towards Sijabat II Dosroha village

− Sijabat II street Dosroha village -Office complex Parbaba Samosir Regency (National Rural Priority Area /KPPN)

− Road toward tourism object Batu Sawan. Sianjur Mulamula Subdistrict

− Road toward waterfall tourism object Efrata Harian Subdistrict

− Onan Runggu street-Lagundi

− Tourism roadTanjung Bunga-Sp. Batu Hapur- Sitaotao-Peabang-Boho

− Road towards Toba Geopark Caldera Information Center Building

− Road to landfill Batu Napal Hariara Pintu village Harian Subdistrict

− Lingkar Tuktuk street

− Tomok Street-Lontung

− Pangururan Street- Lumban Sihombing

Appendix II I-162

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− Pusuk Buhit ringroad

− Sijukjuk street

− Tour connecting road to Lake Aek Natonang

− Connecting tourism road to Samosir botanical garden

Tano Ponggol bridge construction Pangururan

Preservation and rehabilitation − Tomok Street- Ambarita

− Tele Street- Pangururan

Cipta Karya SPAM construction − Pangururan

− IPA and reservoir land acquisition DED − Palipu drafting − IPA construction capacity 20l/sec − Sijukjuk

− Reservoir construction capacity 300 − Sijambur m3 − The main, secondary tertiary distribution network

IPLT Rianiate construction (Office area) Rianite

− DED drafting

− IPLT construction

SPAL D Development Centralized Scale of Hariari Tolu, Onan Lama and Onan Baru Settlement

− Land acquisition

− Centralized DED SPAL D drafting

− Construction of SPAL D centered on the settlement scale

Pangururan urban feces truck Pangururan procurement

IPAL development in parbaba white sand − Parbaba - - - and Aek Rangat tourism areas

− Land acquisition − Aek Rangat

Appendix II I-163

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− Drafting of DED IPAL Parbaba white sand tourism area

− Construction of IPAL on parbaba white sand area

Construction and Development of Batu Hariara Pintu Napal Landfill

Development of Building and Environment Pangururan arrangement

− The arrangement of the Malau Liberty Park

− Pedestrian Construction of Onan Lama-Ona Baru Road

− Building Arrangement Open Stage

− RTH Construction of Lopian Onan Baru Beach

− City Forest Development on Putri Lopian road

− Construction of Amphiteater in Front of St. Inculturative Church Michael

− Construction of Plaza and Floatik Deck Putri Lopian road

− RTH Construction of Ponggol Farmer Pass in Pangururan

Procurement of TPA (Bulldozer and Pangururan Excavator) operational facilities

Garbage trucks procurement Hariara Pintu

Arrangement of Hariara Tolu slum area − Hariara Tolu

− Onan Lama

− Onan Baru

Housing Quality improvement 200 units self-help Pangururan houses

New self help house construction for MBR Pangururan

Construction of new Rental Flats For MBR Pangururan/ Rainate

Appendix II I-164

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

Non PUPR Development of a creative industry center In Pangururan Urban Area Cluster 1 Development and strengthening of port In Pangururan Urban Area infrastructure supporting modern and environmentally friendly tourism activities

Strengthening the lake crossing port − Tomok Port

− Simanindo Port

− Onan Runggu Port

− Nainggolan Port

− Onan Baru Port

− Aek Rangat Tourism Transit Port

− Bonandolok Port

− Tamba Port

− Sabuulan Port

− Sihotang Port

Development and improvement of world- In Pangururan Urban Area class resorts and landscaping

Development of electrical energy − PLTP Pusuk Buhit infrastructure and facilities − PLTP Palipi

− PLTP Simbolon

− PLTMH Sitapigagan

− PLTMH Bolon

− PLTMH Tulas

− PLTMH Sampuran

Development of telecommunications In Pangururan Urban Area network systems

− Development of terrestrial networks in the form of telecommunication central

− Development of satellite telecommunication systems and integrated use of BTS systems

Toba Samosir Balige Water resource − Aek Jangga (Lumban Julu)

Appendix II I-165

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− Aek Salak (Porsea)

Strengthening of the Agricultural Irrigation − Dolok Joir (Lagu boti) Network for Food (Ir.) Aek Jangga, Aek Salak, Dolok Jior, Bahal Pinang, Sihail-hail − Bahal Pinang (Balige) − Sihail-hail (Balige)

Construction of Aek Mandosi embung Pematang Bandar

Development of periodic water quality Toba Samosir monitoring infrastructure spread over the waters of Lake Toba

Development, improvement and Balige, Tampahan, Lumban Julu, dan Ajibata management of raw water units in accordance with water quality standards so that they can be used as drinking water

Development and improvement of the Balige drainage network system in the form of primary drainage channels in Balige City

Bina Marga Construction of Balige Outer Ring Road − Balige Outer Ring Road

− Simalungun Regency border road-Ajibata- Sigapiton-Porsea-Janji Maria-Gurgur-Taput Regency border

Preservation and rehabilitation − Simalungun Regency border- Silimbat

− Silimbat- Tapanuli Utara Regency border

Preservation and Widening of Roads − Porsea street-Jani Matogu-Siregar-Aek Nalas

− Balige street-dermaga Balige

− Porsea street-Asahan Regency border

− Silimbat street-Parsoburan

− Parsoburan street- South Labuan Batu Regency border

Cipta Karya Construction of Aek Sampuan I and II WTP Aek Sampun 20 l/sec

− Land acquisition IPA dan Reservoir

− DED drafting

Appendix II I-166

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− Environment document drafting

− IPA construction capacity20 l/sec

− Reservoir construction capacity 500m3

IPLT construction Balige

Feces truck procurement Balige

Centralized SPAL D Development Scale of Balige Settlement

− Land acquisition

− Centralized DED SPAL D drafting

− Construction of SPAL D Centered Scale Settlement

− Communal IPAL development 240 m3 Lumbun Bilbul, Lumban Silintong, Tambunan, Janji Maria dan Sibola Hotang − Land acquisition

− Drafting of DED IPAL in the Aek Rangat tourism area

− Construction of IPAL in Aek Rangat tourism area

Construction of Balige IPAL Region 1000 Balige m3

Improvement Pintu Bosi and Parsaoran Balige Ajibata landfill with the sanitary Landfill system

− Preparation of DED Pintu Bosi Parsaoran Ajibata landfill with Sanitary Landfill Method

− Environment document drafting

− Construction of Pintu Bosi and Parsaoran Ajibata landfill with the sanitary Landfill system

Housing Quality improvement 100 units self-help Balige houses

Appendix II I-167

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

New self help house construction for MBR Balige

Construction of new Rental Flats For MBR Balige

Non PUPR Increased crossing access from Samosir to On Balige Subdistrict and Ajibata port at Ajibata Cluster 1 Balige through the development and Subdistrict strengthening of Port Balige infrastructure

Port infrastructure development On Balige Subdistrict supporting modern and environmentally friendly tourism activities

Development of telecommunications Throughout the Balige Urban Area network systems in the form of

− Development of terrestrial networks in the form of telecommunication central

− Development of satellite telecommunication systems and integrated use of BTS systems

Development and improvement of water- On Balige facing tourism

− Integrating tourist routes (vehicles, pedestrians, bicycle users) with visual access to the lake

− Improvement of buildings and environment by integrating the lake area as 'the front' of Toba Urban

Development of a cultural conservation On Balige center

Increasing tourism support facilities in the Throughout the Balige Urban Area form of additional star and jasmine class accommodation based on community management and having high sensitivity to the ecology of the region

Improvement of financial services sector and building local wisdom related to typical culinary dishes

Dolok Sanggul − Aek Sibundong (Dolok Sanggul)

Appendix II I-168

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

Strengthening Irrigation of Food − Parmiahan (Pollung) Agriculture in Irrigation Areas (DI) Aek − Siboltaklangit, Simangira, Tipang (Baktiraja) Sibundong, Parmiahan, Siboltaklangit, Simangira, Tipang

Development of periodic water quality Humbang Hansudutan monitoring infrastructure spread over the waters of Lake Toba Water Development, improvement and Dolok Sanggul resources management of raw water units in accordance with water quality standards so that they can be used as drinking water

IKK Pakat Intek Construction Pakkat

Development and improvement of the Dolok Sanggul drainage network system in the form of primary drainage channels

Bina Marga Preservation and Widening of Roads − Taput Regency border road- Bakkara

− Bakkara road- Tipang-Samosir border

− Bakkara road- Dolok Sanggul Humbang Hasundutan − Dairi Regency border road– Dolok Sanggul

− Dolok sanggul road- Siborong-borong

− Dolok sanggul road-Pakkat

− Pakkat road- Central Tapanuli border

− Taput border street-Dolok Sanggul

− Dolok sanggul road-Samosir Regency border

− Lumban Barat road-Siborutorop-Taput Regency border

− Sigumpar road-Sipinsur-Panugun Solu

− Sipinsur road-Panoguan Solu-Binanga Rihit- Bakara

− Gonting Bulu road- Simangarongsang

− Sp. 3 Muara road- Taput Regency border

Preservation and rehabilitation − Dairi Regency border road-Dolok Sanggul

− Dolok sanggul road-Siborong-borong

Appendix II I-169

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

Cipta Karya Development of secondary and tertiary Dolok Sanggul primary distribution of clean water

IPLT drafting Dolok Sanggul

− DED IPLT drafting

− IPLT construction

Nagasari IV landfill improvement with a Lintongnihuta Sanitary Landfill system

− Drafting of Nagasari IV DED landfill with Sanitary Landfill system

− Environment document drafting

− Construction of Nagasari IV landfill with Sanitary Landfill system

Procurement of Waste and Feces Trucks Dolok Sanggul

Housing Quality improvement 100 units self-help Dolok Sanggul houses

New self help house construction for MBR Dolok Sanggul

Non PUPR Development of crossing access from At Baktiraja Subdistrict Cluster 1 Samosir to Dolok Sanggul through the development and strengthening of Bakkara port infrastructure

Port infrastructure development At Baktiraja Subdistrict supporting modern and environmentally friendly tourism activities

Development of electrical energy − Hydropower Manonga Tao - - - infrastructure and facilities − Hydropower Aek Rabu

− Hydropower Aek Sibulan

− Hydropower Aek Simangira

− Hydropower Aek Sipultak Hoda

− PLTMH Aek Sibundong

− PLTMH Aek Silang 1

− PLTMH Aek Silang 2

Appendix II I-170

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

Development of telecommunications In all urban areas Dolok Sanggul network systems in the form of

− Development of terrestrial networks in the form of telecommunication central

− Development of satellite telecommunication systems and integrated use of BTS systems

Development of exotic horticultural At Dolok Sanggul agropolitan (incense and camphor)

Regional development for horse racing, At Dolok Sanggul horse riding and horse breeding in addition to tourist attractions and regional economic income sources

Dairi Sidikalang Water Strengthening Irrigation of Food − Gabelas (Lae Parira) resources Agriculture in Irrigation Areas (DI) Gabelas, − Halibema (Sidikalang) Halibema, Siarungarung, Juma Ramba − Siarungarung (Parbuluan)

− Juma Ramba (Sumbur)

Development of periodic water quality Dairi monitoring infrastructure spread over the waters of Lake Toba

Development, improvement and − Sidikalang management of raw water units in − Sitinjo accordance with water quality standards so that they can be used as drinking water

Drafting of the Dairi Regency Drainage Sidikalang Masterplan

Drafting Drainage DED Sidikalang

Development and improvement of the Sidikalang drainage network system in the form of primary drainage channels

Bina Marga Road Construction − Samosir border Regency road-Silalahi

− Silalahi road-Paropo-Karo Regency border

Preservation and Widening of Roads − Karo Regency border road – Panji

− Panji road -Samosir Regency border

− Kuta Buluh road -Sidikalang city border

Appendix II I-171

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− Silalahi road- Lae Pondom

Road preservation and rehabilitation − Karo Regency border road-Panji

− Panji road-Samosir Regency border

− Aceh province border road-Sidikalang city border

Cipta Karya Optimization of Lae Nuaha and Lae Sitio- Sidikalang tio SPAM

Construction of Lae Bulan SPAM Sidikalang

− Intake construction

− Construction of Steel Package IPA 30 l/sec

− Reservoir construction capacity 500 m3

− Construction of major, secondary and tertiary distribution networks

Centralized SPAL D Development Scale of − Sidikalang - - - Settlement

− Land acquisition − Belang Malum

− Drafting of centralized SPAL D DED − Kuta Gambir

− Centralized SPAL D Development − Batang Beruh Scale of Settlement Development of primary, secondary and Sidikalang tertiary distribution of clean water

Urban Sidikalang truck procurement Sidikalang

The construction and development of a Sidikalang Star Landfill 4.5 hectares wide with a sanitary landfill method

Slum area arrangement − Kalang

− Belang Malun

− Kuta Gambir

Housing Quality improvement 663 units self-help Sidikalang/kuta gambir Subdistrict, Kalang village, houses Belang malun village, Huta Rakyat village

Appendix II I-172

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

New self help house construction for MBR Sidikalang

Non PUPR Development of crossing access from At Silahisanungan Subdistrict Klaster 2 Samosir to Sidikalang through development and stabilization of the Silahisabungan port infrastructure

Port infrastructure development At Silahisanungan Subdistrict supporting modern and environmentally

friendly tourism activities

Development of electrical energy Hydropower Renun infrastructure and facilities Hydropower Asahan I

Development of telecommunications Across the Sidikalang Urban Area network systems in the form of

− Development of terrestrial networks in the form of telecommunication central

− Development of satellite telecommunication systems and integrated use of BTS systems

Agrotech Coffee, on the south side as a Sidikalang plantation coffee plantation area using the latest technology to support the quality of coffee products and at the same time be a pilot and coffee tour

Development and construction of star Taman Iman-Sidikalang city accomodation and stop by park to support the Agrotech region and star- rated facilities with visual access to coffee plantations set in the hills, as well as information places and café zones which also serve as transit points for transit traders and tourists from / to nearby Faith Parks from city

Tapanuli Utara Tarutung Sumber Daya Development of periodic water quality At Toba Lake Waters Air monitoring infrastructure spread over the waters of Lake Toba

Strengthening Irrigation of Food − Sidalanitaho ( Sipoholan) Agriculture in Irrigation Areas (DI) − Panganan Lombu (Tarutung) Sidalanitano, Panganan Lombu

Appendix II I-173

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

Development, improvement and Muara, Tarurung, Siborong-borong management of raw water units in accordance with water quality standards so that they can be used as drinking water

Development and improvement of Tarutung drainage networks in the form of primary channels

Bina Marga Preservation and rehabilitation − Tarutung city border - South Tapanuli Regency border

− Siborong borong street– Sipahutar

− Sipahutar street -aek humbang

− Tarutung bypass road

− Raja Johannes road

− Pahae road

− Tarutung city border road- South Tapanuli Regency border

− Balige road

− Sisingamangaraja road

− D.I Panjaitan road

− Road to Sibolga

− Sp. Silangit- Silangitairport

− Sp. Muara road /Humbas Regency border- Silangit

− Siborong-borong road-Sp.Muara/Taput border

Prevervation and road rehabilitation − Siborong-borong road-Sipahutar

− Sipahutar road-Aek Humbang

Preservation and Widening of Roads − Sitanggor street-Tobasa Regency border

− Silangit Sp. Tiga Muara road-Muara. Humbas Regency border

− Muara road- Muara pier

− Simpang 3 Muara street- Huta Ginjang

− Sp. Huta Ginjang street- Gantole

Appendix II I-174

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− P. Sibandang ringroad(Sampuran Sibandang)

− Muara road - Hutana Godang

− Unte Mungkur road- Batu Binambun- Simatupang

Cipta Karya Development and strengthening of the Tarutung production function of the drinking water treatment plant (IPA) Mual Natio

Aek simarsasar WTP development Aek Simarsasar

Construction of Siborong-borong SPAM Siborong-borong IKK

− Land acquisition IPA AND Reservoir

− DED Drafting

− Environment document drafting

− Construction of Steel Package IPA 20 l/sec

− Reservoir construction capacity 500 m3

− Development of Main and tertiary Distribution Networks in the MBR area

IPLT construction Siborong-borong

− Land acquisition

− DED Drafting

− IPLT construction

Feces truck procurement Tarutung

Centralized SPAL D Development Scale of Tarutung Settlement

− Land acquisition

− Centralized DED SPAL D drafting

− Centralized SPAL D Development Scale of Settlement

Improvement Siborong-borong landfill Siborong-borong with Sanitary Landfill

Appendix II I-175

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

Plan Year Regency URBAN AREA SECTOR PROGRAM LOCATION 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

− Drafting of Siborong-botong Landfill DED with Sanitary Landfill

− Environment document drafting

− Construction of the Siborong-botong landfill construction with Sanitary Landfill

Garbage Truck Procurement Raya

Housing Quality improvement 100 units self-help Tarutung houses

New self help house construction for MBR Tarutung

Non PUPR Increased crossing access from Samosir to At Muara Subdistrict Cluster 1 Tarutung through the development and strengthening of Muara port infrastructure

Port infrastructure development At Muara Subdistrict supporting modern and environmentally friendly tourism activities

Silangit Airport Development as an Export At Silangit Airport Processing Zone by developing a logistics center

Development of electrical energy − Hydropower Tarutung infrastructure and facilities − PLTP dan PLTMH Sipoholon Ria-ria

− PLTMH Adiankoting

− PLTMH Parmonangan

Development of telecommunications Throughout Tarutung Urban Area network systems in the form of

− Development of terrestrial networks in the form of telecommunication centrali

− Development of satellite telecommunication systems and integrated use of BTS systems

Development of religious tourism At Tarutung

Appendix II I-176

APPENDIX II Legal Framework Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba

B. REGIONAL POLICY DOCUMENTS

PLAN YEAR DOCUMENT PROGRAM LOCATION 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022-2026 2027-2031 2032-2037

National spatial plan Development of the mainstay area for tourism through the acceleration of KSPN Lake Toba and its surroundings transportation, electricity and clean water infrastructure in 10 KSPNs

Revitalization and acceleration of the development of national growth Mebidangro Urban Area centers through revitalization of functioning cities

The realization of the railroad network system through the construction of North Sumatra Province, Aceh Province, and Riau the North Sumatra Island railroad network (Kuala Tanjung-College, Province Besitang-Banda Aceh, Rantau Prapat-Duri-Pekanbaru)

Regional drinking water infrastructure development North Sumatra Province

Lake Toba National Determination of the RDTR Region of Tourism in the primary service center PKW Sidikalan Strategic Area Spatial PKW Balige Plan PKL Tarutung PKL Parapat-Ajibata PKL Merek PKLPangururan Dolok Sanggul

Development of tourism activity centers PKW Sidikalang PKL Pangururan PKL Merek

Improvement the center of tourism activities PKW Balige

Revitalization of tourism activities Dolok Sanggul PKL Parapat PKL Tarutung PKL Pangururan PKL Merek

Development of trade and service centers for provinces, national and PKL Merek international

Increased trade and service centers for provinces, national and international PKL Parapat PKL Pangururan

Revitalization of trade and service centers for provinces, national and PKW Balige international PKW Sidikalang PKL Tarutung Dolok Sanggul

Development of a creative industry center PKW Balige

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PLAN YEAR DOCUMENT PROGRAM LOCATION 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022-2026 2027-2031 2032-2037 PKW Sidikalang PKL Parapat PKL Tarutung PKL Pangururan PKL Merek Dolok Sanggul

Strengthening and enhancing the center of education activities and PKW Balige (Until teaching staff up to vocational education to high level PKW Sidikalang 2033) PKL Parapat PKL Tarutung PKL Pangururan PKL Merek Dolok Sanggul

Increased health activity centers in the form of hospital facilities and the PKL Parapat (Until level of medical services in the form of specialist doctors PKL Tarutung 2033) PKL Pangururan PKL Merek

Revitalization of health activity centers in the form of hospital facilities and PKW Sidikalang the level of medical services in the form of specialist doctors PKW Balige Dolok Sanggul

Determination of the RDTR for tourism areas in secondary service centers PKL Siborong-borong PKL Porsea Muara Nainggolan Tiga Ras Tomok Sagala Onan Runggu Haranggaol Horison Tele Bakkara Ambarita

Development of tourism activity centers Muara Until 2029 Nainggolan Tomok

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PLAN YEAR DOCUMENT PROGRAM LOCATION 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022-2026 2027-2031 2032-2037 Onan Runggu Tele Ambarita

Development of regional and inter-Regency trade and service centers in the PKL Soborong-borong Until 2024 Lake Toba Region PKL Porsea Development and enhancement of education activity centers and teaching PKL Muara Until 2024 staff to middle level education serving the Regency Nainggolan Tiga Ras Tomok Sagala Onan Runggu Haranggaol

Development and improvement of health activity centers and the level of Horison Until 2029 medical services that serve Regencys Tele Ambarita

Revitalization of primary activity centers at tertiary service centers Ronggur Nihuta Until 2024

Revitalization of educational activity centers and teaching staff to Sabulan Until 2029 elementary level education Lintong Nihuta

Increased health activity center to serve sub-Regencys Laguboti Until 2024 Sipultak Improvement of creative industries in rural areas Until 2024 Sipoholan Sipahutar Paranginan Sigumpar Silaen Narumonda I Sigaol Lumban Julu Pangobusan Lumban Lobu Tiga Baru Silumboyah Tiga Lingga Gunung Sitember Sitinjo Siempat Rube

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PLAN YEAR DOCUMENT PROGRAM LOCATION 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022-2026 2027-2031 2032-2037 Parlilitan Pollung Siempat Rube 1 Singgabur Mogang Palipi Sumbul Tampahan Silalahi Sabungan Harian Tuk-Tuk

Development, improvement and management of raw water units in Merek Subdistrict, Girsang Sipangan Bolon Subdistrict, Until 2024 accordance with water quality standards so that they can be used as Balige Subdistrict in Karo Regency drinking water Tampahan Subdistrict, Lumban Julu Subdistrict, and Ajibata Subdistrict in Toba Samosir Regency Muara Subdistrict, Tarurung Subdistrict, and Siborong- borong Subdistrict in North Tapanuli Regency Dolok Sanggul Subdistrict in Humbang Hasundutan Regency Sidikalang Subdistrict and Sitinjo Subdistrict in Dairi Regency First Sianjur Subdistrict, Onan Runggu Subdistrict, Pangururan Subdistrict, and Simanindo Subdistrict in Samosir Regency

Development and strengthening of the function of the Tirtanciho WTP, Tirta Dairi Regency Until 2024 Malem WTP, Tirta Lihou WTP, Mual Natio WTP, Tirtanadi Pangururan WTP Karo Regency Development and management of raw water units in accordance with water Simalungun Regency Until 2024 quality standards so that they can be used as drinking water North Tapanuli Regency Development and enhancement of cooperation between SPAM and Lake Toba Samosir Regency Until 2024 Toba Region

Development and improvement of the drainage network system in the form Karo Regency Until 2024 of primary drainage channels Simalungun Regency Toba Samosir Regency Humbang Hasundutan Regency North Tapanuli Regency Samosir Regency Dairi Regency

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PLAN YEAR DOCUMENT PROGRAM LOCATION 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022-2026 2027-2031 2032-2037

Development and revitalization of the function of the Prapat-Ajibata WWTP Simalungun Regency Until 2024 wastewater network system

Development of waste water network function installation (WWTP) Brand subdistrict, Tongging in Karo Regency Until 2024 Purba subdistrict, Parapat-Ajibata subdistrict, Balige subdistrict, Tmapahan subdistrict, Lumban Julu subdistrict, Laguboti subdistrict, Muara subdistrict, Sianjur Mula-mula subdistrict, Siborong-borong subdistrict, Tarutung subdistrict, Dolok Sanggul subdistrict, Sidikalang subdistrict, Harian Subdistrict, Pagururan subdistrict , Onan Runggu Subdistrict, Ronggur Nihuta and Tomok subdistricts in Simanindo Regency

Development and improvement of areas for integrated waste management Merek subdistrict in Karo Regency Until 2024 systems Girsang Sipangan Bolon subdistrict in Ajibata Regency Development and enhancement of cooperation in waste management Lumban Julu subdistrict, Balige subdistrict, and Until 2024 infrastructure located far from water bodies and water sources Tampahan subdistrict in Toba Samosir Regency Muara subdistrict in North Tapanuli Regency Sidikalang subdistrict in Dairi Regency Sianjur Mula-mula subdistrict, Simanindo subdistrict, Onan Runggu subdistrict, and Pangururan subdistrict in Samosir Regency

Development and improvement of areas for waste management systems Laguboti subdistrict in Toba Samosir Regency Until 2024 with landfill sanitary landfill methods Silimakuta subdistrict in Simalungun Regency Development and enhancement of cooperation in waste management Siborong-borong subdistrict in North Tapanuli Regency Until 2024 infrastructure located far from water bodies and water sources Lintong Nihuta subdistrict in Humbang Hasundutan Prohibition or strict control of the development of final waste processing Regency Until 2024 sites in tourism areas

North Sumatera Province Strengthening and developing inter-city railway lines Pematangsiantar- Parapat (Toba Lake Area) Spatial Plan Strengthening and developing new power plants Toba Lake Area

The realization of a network of water resources (SDA) and water resources Toba Lake infrastructure in developing the management pattern of lakes and other water sources

Strengthening the coastal abrasion security system Toba Lake Shores

Rehabilitation / Revitalization of national strategic areas with environmental Toba Lake Area and its sorroundings interests

Revitalizing and structuring the outskirts of Lake Toba At Balige, Ajibata

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PLAN YEAR DOCUMENT PROGRAM LOCATION 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022-2026 2027-2031 2032-2037

Development of improvement of alternative Regency roads, opening new Opening of the Road Access to the Outer Ringroad access between Regencys, sub-Regencys, rural areas and isolated areas and Fringe of Balige-Laguboti- Sigumpar-Siantar Kabupaten Toba Samosir reducing dependence on the existing main roads Narumonda- Porsea-Uluan-lumban Julu- Ajibata Spatial Plan Safeguarding and Arranging the border area of the lake and river Around the waters of Lake Toba, Toba Samosir Regency

Determination of zoning of aquaculture in the waters of Lake Toba Toba Samosir Regency

RDTR Haranggaol Urban Area, Construction of a 5m wide promenade on the edge of Lake Toba Along the lake banks in block B.2. Kabupaten Simalungun

RPJMD of Kabupaten Development of schools around the tourist area of Lake Toba Around the tourist area of Lake Toba Simalungun in 2017-2021 Agropolitan DTBB Regional Development and Coordination Development, In the Lake Toba Region Ecosystem of Lake Toba Region and DBH-CHT of Simalungun in 2015

Lake Toba Bioremediation in the Regency In the Lake Toba Region

Lake Toba Restoration In the Lake Toba Region

RPJMD of Kabupaten Samosir Excavation and study of information concerning the history of Lake Toba At Samosir Regency in 2016-2021 and the Samosir island and disseminate it throughout the world

Structuring the coastline of Lake Toba At Samosir Regency

RDTR Draft Regional Realizing Pangururan Green City for the preservation of Lake Toba Region In the Lake Toba Region Regulation and Zoning as a living water (Aek natio) Regulations for urban areas in Determination of disaster evacuation routes through collector and on SBWP 4 which is directed to the border of Lake Toba Pangururan, Kabupaten secondary road networks Samosir, 2017-2037 Determination of the lake border with a distance of 50 m from the lake body In all areas of Lake Toba boundary

Determination of advertisement free area (white area) Along the shores of Lake Toba and in each tourist area in locations designated as the city's best views.

Sibisa-Ajibata Strategic Area Development of a road network for the strategic area of Lake Toba In the strategic area of Lake Toba RTR in Kabupaten Toba Development of a pedestrian network for bicycle paths at the Lake Toba Pardamean Ajibata Village, Parsaoran Ajibata Village, Samosir in 2017-2037 border Pardomuan Motung;;

Development of drainage networks for secondary networks that follow the main road network and KSN Lake Toba road plans

Kabupaten Samosir Spatial Plan Increasing the provincial road network which is the outer ring road in the Dairi Regency border - Binangara - Hasinggahan - Bonan Lake Toba Region Dolok - Simpang Tulas - Simpang Limbong - Simpang Gonting - Harian - Sihotang - Tamba - Sabulan - Holbung - Janji Raja and connected to Tipang - Bakkara (Humbang Hasundutan Regency)

Construction of landing waterplanes (amphibians) in the waters of Lake Simanindo Toba (air stripe)

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PLAN YEAR DOCUMENT PROGRAM LOCATION 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022-2026 2027-2031 2032-2037

Development of Lake Toba Natural Tourism Area All subdistrict

RPJMD Kabupaten Toba Protection and conservation of natural resources In the Lake Toba Region Samosir in 2016-2021

Raperda RDTR in Kecamatan The realization of the strategic function as the main service center In the area of Lake Toba and its surroundings Balige 2017-2036 Repair medium-term drainage on roads along the shores of Lake Toba In the Lake Toba Region

Handling prone to flood disasters On the road on the banks of Lake Toba and the road around the Balerong market

RKPD of Kabupaten Toba Arrangement of Lake Toba's destination Narumonda Village V Samosir in 2018 Construction of River and Lake Toba Gabion River Dusun I Pangalolan, Sionggang Selatan Village, Lumban Julu subdistrict

Road construction of Binanga River intersection Laguboti subdistrict

Construction of residential roads from Silimbat to Lake Toba Situa-tua Village, Sigumpar subdistrict

Greening the Environment In the Lake Toba Region

Protection and conservation of sda and control of damage to sources of In the Lake Toba Region, Toba Samosir regency sustainable coastal and marine water

Planning for handling centers of economic growth Toba Lake Region

Development and marketing of cultural values In the Lake Toba Region,Toba Samosir Regency

• Ornamental Parade of Pesona Lake Toba Carnival

• Carnival cross-cultural attractions

• Organizing Kayak activities on Lake Toba

Tapanuli Utara RKRD Check the water quality of Lake Toba Muara subdistrict, Tapanuli Utara

Development of tourism marketing in following the Lake Toba festival North Tapanuli

Arrangement and improvement of Lake Toba suburbs Sibandang Village, Muara subdistrict

Control of the growth of water hyacinth In the waters of Lake Toba

Tapanuli Utara Strategic Plan Tourism Marketing in support of the existence of the estuary as the Toba Muara subdistrict, North Tapanuli 2015-2019 Caldera Geopark

Kabupaten Humbang Improved water quality of Lake Toba In the Lake Toba Region Hasundutan RPJMD 2016-2021

RKPD of Kabupaten Humbang Construction of cottages In the Lake Toba Beach Area Hasundutan Year 2018

Kabupaten Humbang Improved lake transportation In the Lake Toba Region Hasundutan Spatial Plan Source: Secondary Survey, 2019

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APPENDIX III. Institutions and Laws Related to ITMP for Lake Toba

1 STUDY ON LEGAL REGULATIONS

1.1 Study of Tourism

1.1.1 General Review of Tourism

Article 1 number 4 of Law Number 10 of 2009 concerning Tourism (Tourism Law) defines tourism as an overall activity related to tourism and is multidimensional and multidisciplinary which emerges as a manifestation of the needs of every person and country as well as interactions between tourists and local communities, fellow tourists , Government, Regional Government, and entrepreneurs. From this definition, it can be seen that the Government clearly recognizes that tourism matters are a cross-sector affair so that not only can it be solved or managed by one scientific field, it can be seen from the "multidisciplinary and multidimensional" nature of tourism.

That with such characteristics, tourism serves as a fulfillment of the physical, spiritual and intellectual needs of every tourist with recreation and travel as well as increasing state revenues to realize people's welfare. [1] In other words, organized tourism activities must integrate physical needs (physical needs), spiritual needs (inner or immaterial needs) and intellectual needs (needs related to the ability of reason and the human brain). The combination of these three needs is the main aspect in the implementation of tourism itself, with the hope that the combination can be a source of income for the country (as well as the regions) whose implication is the realization of people's welfare.

In achieving the functions intended in Article 3 of the Tourism Law, tourism must be carried out at least with the principle of integration between sectors, between regions, between the center and the regions which constitute a systemic unity within the framework of regional autonomy and integration among stakeholders. [2] The integration referred to aside is that each stakeholder is able to integrate their tourism programs and intentions together because tourism affairs are inter-sectoral affairs so they cannot only be held or emphasize the role of one party.

Systemic unity within the framework of regional autonomy is actually a form of implementation of the principle of decentralization which is interpreted as a form of delegation of authority to administer and regulate government affairs not only by the central government, but also administered by lower government units both in forms of territorial and functional unit [3] . These units are given the authority to regulate and manage part of their own affairs . [4]

One of the objectives of decentralization is to build social harmonization while maintaining local values that are considered conducive. [5] This is actually also in line with the aim of the implementation of tourism, namely strengthening the identity and unity of the nation and advancing culture. [6] Thus, it is expected that the objectives of decentralization and tourism can go hand in hand and complement each other. Of course, this is a homework for all stakeholders so that this can be achieved.

In the discussion of tourism, one of the most important things is the tourism destination or tourism destination. The tourism destination or tourism destination based on Article 1 number 6 of the Tourism Law is a geographical area that is in one or more administrative regions in which there are tourist

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However, integration is not only related to tourist destinations located in several kabupaten / cities or even provinces. Rather, it needs to be done in addressing all tourism activities. Although tourist destinations are within a kabupaten / city or smaller area, integration is important to realize a variety of facilities and accessibility. Also, integration with the community, so that tourism activities do not conflict with the values that live in the local community. And, so that the presence of tourism can be accepted and supported by the community as one of the stakeholders.

In relation to tourism destinations, there is a concept regarding strategic tourism areas (KSP). is an area that has the main function of tourism or has the potential for tourism development which has an important influence in one or more aspects, such as economic, social and cultural growth, empowerment of natural resources, environmental carrying capacity, and defense and security. [7]

The determination of an area to be KSP cannot be carried out immediately, but needs to pay attention to several aspects, namely: [8] a. natural and cultural tourism resources that have the potential to become a tourist attraction; b. market potential; c. strategic location that plays a role in maintaining national unity and territorial integrity; d. protection of certain locations that have a strategic role in maintaining the function and carrying capacity of the environment; e. strategic location that has a role in efforts to preserve and utilize cultural assets; community preparedness and support; and f. specificity of the region.

In addition, the KSP must also participate in the creation of national unity and integrity, the integrity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia as well as improving community welfare, [9] and pay attention to the cultural, social and religious aspects of the local community [10] .

KSP is divided into national, provincial, and regency / city KSPs, each of which is determined by the Government, provincial government, and kabupaten / city regional government, while special tourism areas are stipulated by law. [11] As a strategic area, KSP must be an integral part of various regional spatial plans, both national, provincial and kabupaten / city. [12] a. The criteria for an area to be referred to as the national KSP (KSPN) are: [13] b. has the main function of tourism or tourism development potential; c. has potential tourism resources to become a leading tourist attraction and has a widely known image; d. has market potential, both national and especially international scale; e. has a potential position and role as an investment driver; f. has a strategic location that plays a role in maintaining the unity and integrity of the region; g. has a function and strategic role in maintaining the function and carrying capacity of the environment; h. has a function and strategic role in efforts to preserve and utilize cultural assets, including historical and archaeological aspects;

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i. have community preparedness and support; j. have specificity from the region; k. located in the destination region of the main tourist market and the potential national tourist market; and l. has potential trends in future tourism products.

Based on Government Regulation Number 26 of 2008 concerning National Regional Spatial Planning (PP National RTRW), there is a somewhat different term, namely the national strategic area. The area is defined as an area where spatial planning is prioritized because it has a very important national influence on state sovereignty, state defense, security, economy, social, culture, and / or environment, including areas designated as world heritage. [14] The policy for developing national strategic areas is intended for various things, namely: [15]

a. Preservation and improvement of the functions and carrying capacity of the environment to maintain and improve the balance of ecosystems, preserve biological security, maintain and enhance the function of protection of the area, preserve the uniqueness of the landscape, and preserve national cultural heritage; b. enhancing regional functions for national defense and security; c. development and improvement of regional functions in the development of a productive, efficient and capable national economy in the international economy; d. optimal utilization of natural resources and / or high technology to improve community welfare; e. preservation and improvement of national social and culture; f. preservation and improvement of the value of protected areas designated as world heritage, biosphere reserves and ramsar; and g. development of underdeveloped areas to reduce disparity between levels of development between regions.

From the various purposes above, the determination of national strategic areas is carried out based on the interests of defense and security, economic, social and cultural growth, utilization of natural resources and / or high technology; and / or function and carrying capacity of the environment. [16]

1.1.2 General Study of Lake Toba

Based on Article 1 point 7 of the Presidential Regulation Number 81 of 2014 concerning Spatial Planning for Lake Toba and Surrounding Areas (Perpres of Lake Toba RTRK), it is stated that Lake Toba is a national strategic area in terms of environmental functions and carrying capacity. Determination of Lake Toba as a national strategic area using the legal product of presidential regulation is based on Article 21 paragraph (1) of Law Number 26 of 2007 concerning Spatial Planning (Spatial Planning Law) and Article 123 paragraph (4) National RTRW PP.

Before it was set, Lake Toba had become one of the areas in the national strategic area determination list contained in Annex X of the PP National RTRW. In the list, Lake Toba is given a sign (I / B / 1) which means Lake Toba is in the development stage I, namely the stage of rehabilitation / revitalization of the area for rehabilitation and development of national strategic areas in the light of environmental interests.

In order to establish a national strategic area from the point of view of the functions and carrying capacity of the environment, it is necessary to pay attention to the criteria: [17]

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a. is a place for biodiversity protection; b. is a national asset in the form of a protected area determined for the protection of ecosystems, flora and / or fauna that are almost extinct or are estimated to be extinct which must be protected and / or preserved; c. provide protection for water use balance which every year has the opportunity to cause state losses; d. provide protection against macro climate balance; e. demanding high priority for improving environmental quality; f. prone to national natural disasters; g. very decisive in changing the natural hue and has a broad impact on the survival of life.

In addition to acting as an operational tool for the National RTRW, the Lake Toba RTRK also acts as a tool for coordinating the implementation of development in the Lake Toba region to improve the quality of the environment, socio-culture and community welfare. [18] Because of its role as a tool for coordinating the implementation of development in the Lake Toba region, the Lake Toba RTRK serves as a guideline for conducting: [19]

a. preparation of development plans in the Lake Toba Region; b. provincial and local spatial planning in the Lake Toba area; c. the realization of integration, interrelation, and balance of development between regencies, as well as harmony between sectors in the Lake Toba Region; d. determining the location and function of space for investment in the Lake Toba Region; e. management of Lake Toba area; and f. embodiment of the integration of plans for the development of the Lake Toba Region with the surrounding area.

As a national strategic area, the arrangement of Lake Toba has the goal of realizing: [20]

a. preservation of the Lake Toba area as a living water (Aek Natio) community, ecosystem, and village area of the Batak indigenous people; and b. the development of a world tourism area that is integrated with controlling cultivation areas in accordance with the capacity to support and accommodate the environment and adaptive to natural disasters.

1.2 Study of Institutions Related to Tourism

1.2.1 Based on Regulations relating to Tourism

Article 1 point 13 of the Tourism Law, explains the Central Government (hereinafter referred to as the Government) is the President of the Republic of Indonesia who holds the government power of the Republic of Indonesia as referred to in the 1945 Constitution. In other words, the Government in the tourism sector refers to the President of the Republic of Indonesia as head government. But in organizing this government affair, the President can be assisted by state ministers in accordance with Article 17 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. Thus in carrying out affairs in the tourism sector, the President is assisted by the Minister of Tourism (Menpar). But the person responsible for carrying out the tasks given by the President to the Minister is the President himself. [21]

The formation of the tourism ministry is currently based on Presidential Regulation Number 19 of 2015 concerning the Ministry of Tourism (hereinafter referred to as the Presidential Regulation). Article 2 of the Presidential Regulation stipulates that the task of the tourism ministry is to carry out governmental

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APPENDIX III Institutions and Laws Related to ITMP for Lake Toba Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba affairs in the tourism sector to assist the President in carrying out state governance. This is actually also explicitly mentioned in Article 1 point 15 of the Tourism Law which also states that ministers are ministers whose duties and responsibilities are in the tourism sector. Thus, on the basis of the Presidential Regulation and Tourism Law Act actually holds the responsibility directly in the tourism sector is the Minister of Tourism.

In carrying out its duties, the Ministry of Tourism has the function: [22] a. formulation and stipulation of policies in the field of developing destination and tourism industry, developing marketing of foreign tourism, developing marketing of tourism in the archipelago, and developing tourism institutions; b. coordination and synchronization of the implementation of policies in the field of development of destination and tourism industry, development of marketing of foreign tourism, development of marketing of tourism in the archipelago, and development of tourism institutions; c. implementing policies in the field of development and pioneering tourist attraction in the context of the growth of national tourism destinations and regional development as well as improving the quality and competitiveness of tourism; d. implementation of technical guidance and supervision on the implementation of government affairs in the field of developing destination and tourism industry, developing marketing of foreign tourism, developing marketing tourism in the archipelago, and developing tourism institutions; e. fostering and providing administrative support to all organizational elements within the Ministry of Tourism; f. management of state property / wealth which is the responsibility of the Ministry of Tourism; and g. supervising a bag for carrying out duties within the Ministry of Tourism.

Beside that in the Law on Tourism, the Government is obliged to: [23] a. Manage tourism affairs ; b. Providing information on tourism, legal protection, and security and safety to tourists; c. Creating a conducive climate for the development of tourism businesses which includes the opening of equal opportunities in trying, facilitating, and providing legal certainty; d. Maintain, develop, and preserve national assets that become tourist attractions and potential assets that have not been explored; and e. Supervise and control tourism activities in order to prevent and overcome various negative impacts for the wider community.

The authority of the Government is: [24] a. compile and establish a national tourism development master plan; b. coordinating cross-sector and cross-province tourism development; c. organize international cooperation in the field of tourism in accordance with the provisions of legislation; d. establish national tourist attraction; e. establish national tourism destinations; f. establish norms, standards, guidelines, procedures, criteria and supervision systems in the implementation of tourism; g. develop human resource development policies in the tourism sector;

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h. maintain, develop, and preserve national assets that become tourist attractions and potential assets that have not been explored; i. conduct and facilitate national tourism promotion; j. provide convenience that supports tourist visits; k. provide information and / or early warning relating to tourist security and safety; l. improve community empowerment and tourism potential owned by the community; m. supervise, monitor and evaluate tourism management; and n. allocate tourism budgets.

From the Presidential Regulation and the Tourism Law, it can be concluded that the Government is tasked with ensuring the implementation of tourism affairs in accordance with the policies taken by the Government even though the Regional Government is also given the authority to carry out affairs in the tourism sector but Law No. 23 of 2014 on the Regional Government categorizes tourism as optional matters that are not mandatory so that the Regional Government has the potential not to maximize this sector.

1.2.2 Based on Regulations relating to Regional Government

Article 11 paragraph (1) of the Regional Government Law states that concurrent government affairs which are the authority of the region consist of compulsory government affairs and elected government affairs. In the perspective of Regional Government Law that tourism is categorized as an optional government affair [25] because government affairs are chosen by the regions in accordance with the potential of the region concerned. [26] That is, matters relating to the potential of the local area, the Regional Government can carry it out as one of their authorities.

Thus, the condition of Lake Toba, which is located between Simalungun Regency, Toba Samosir Regency, Karo Regency, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Tapanuli Regency, Pakpak Bharat Regency, should the tourism sector become one of the respective regency / city government affairs. That is because Lake Toba is one of the tourist destinations that can be a source of regional income if managed properly.

The existence of Lake Toba should be able to become the carrying capacity and attractiveness of each Regional Government to optimize this geographical aspect. But with such conditions, in fact the North Sumatra Provincial Government also has authority over the management of Lake Toba itself because Article 13 of the Regional Government Law stipulates that if an affair in the location aspect crosses between regencies / cities becomes the authority of the Provincial Government as well. Until now there is no understanding that is as broad and as far as the authority of the Provincial Government.

If the Regional Government Law is a juridical basis for carrying out all regional government affairs, the Tourism Law becomes a juridical basis for organizing government affairs, especially in the tourism sector. The substance of the two Acts is actually different but there are slices in it especially in the aspect of authority because in the Annex to the Regional Government Law regulates the division of authority in tourism affairs in the government between the Government, Provincial Governments and Regency / City Governments but in the Tourism Law also regulates the authority of Provincial and Government Governments Regions / cities in matters of tourism, so that in certain circumstances applies the principle of lex specialis derogate legi generali, special rules replace general rules but if special rules do not regulate further then general provisions apply.

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In Article 29 of the Tourism Law, the Provincial Government is authorized to: a. Develop and establish a provincial tourism development master plan; b. Coordinate the implementation of tourism in the region; c. Carry out registration, recording, and data collection on tourism business registration; d. Establish provincial tourism destinations; e. Establish provincial tourist attraction; f. Facilitating the promotion of tourism destinations and tourism products in their area; g. Maintain provincial assets that become provincial tourist attractions; and h. Allocating tourism budgets.

Furthermore, in Article 30 of the Tourism Law, the Regency / City Government is authorized to: a. Compile and establish a kabupaten / city tourism development master plan; b. Establish kabupaten / city tourism destinations; c. Establish kabupaten / city tourist attraction; d. Carry out registration, recording, and data collection on tourism business registration; e. Regulate the organization and management of tourism in the region; f. Facilitating and promoting tourism destinations and tourism products in their area; g. Facilitating the development of new tourist attractions; h. Organizing tourism training and research in the kabupaten / city scope; i. Maintain and preserve tourist attraction in its territory; j. Organizing community awareness tours; and k. Allocating tourism budgets. When viewed further, the authority of the Provincial Government and Regency / City Government intersect with each other because what is under the authority of the province is the authority of the region but what distinguishes it is the authority of the Provincial Government over all kabupaten / cities while the Regency / City Government only one unit of its own territory. This means that policies from the Provincial Government will be one of the basic policies to be taken by the Regency / City Government.

This is because the implementation of the Provincial Government is closely related to the deconcentration principle. Article 1 number 19 of the Regional Government Law defines deconcentration as the partial delegation of Government Affairs which is the authority of the Central Government to the governor as the representative of the Central Government, to vertical agencies in certain regions, and / or to governors and regents / mayors as general government affairs. This principle gives authority to the Governor who will act as the Central Government Deputy , meaning that the Governor must be able to bridge and shorten the range of control over the implementation of Government duties and functions including in guiding and supervising the administration of government affairs in the regency and city. [27]

The existence of the deconcentration principle is often confronted with the principle of decentralization because in the deconcentration principle it can divide the territory of the state into administrative regions while the principle of decentralization is an integral part of the autonomous region. Then it needs to be stressed that the deconcentration principle does not give birth to autonomous regions but administrative areas. [28] Therefore the implementation of the deconcentration principle can be reflected in the guidance and supervision of the implementation of kabupaten / city regional government affairs carried out by the governor as the representative of the central government. [29]

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This is because the number of kabupaten / cities in Indonesia is quite large so that guidance and supervision is not possible directly by the central government. For this reason, the legislation provides the basis that the central government has the right to intervene in the form of supervision, guidance, supervision and assessment of the performance of autonomy in regional government. [30]

The problem is that the authority of the North Sumatra Provincial Government is actually limited to the authority of supervision, guidance, supervision, and assessment of autonomous performance in the Regency Governments around Lake Toba. But on the other hand the existence of Lake Toba which crosses more than one kabupaten / city, in fact the North Sumatra Provincial Government has the authority to regulate it not limited to the implementation of guidance and supervision.

As mentioned above, the Regional Government Law also regulates the division of authority in tourism affairs, namely: [31]

No. Sub Affairs Government Provincial Government Regency / City Government

1. Tourism a. Determination of a. Management of a. Management of Destinations tourist attractions, provincial tourist kabupaten / city strategic tourism attraction. tourist attraction. areas, and tourism b. Management of b. Management of destinations. provincial tourism kabupaten / city b. Management of strategic areas. tourism strategic areas national tourist c. Management of c. Management of attraction. provincial tourism kabupaten / city c. Management of destinations. tourism destinations. national tourism d. Determination of a list d. Determination of strategic areas. of cross-kabupaten / regency / city tourism d. Management of municipal tourism business registration national tourism businesses in 1 (one) signs. destinations. province. e. Establishment of a list of cross-province tourism businesses.

2. Tourism Marketing of domestic and Marketing of domestic Marketing of domestic and Marketing foreign tourism attractions, and foreign tourism foreign tourism, attraction, destinations and strategic attraction, destination and destination and strategic areas of national tourism. provincial tourism tourism kabupaten / city. strategic area.

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No. Sub Affairs Government Provincial Government Regency / City Government

3. Development Economic development Provision of facilities and Provision of infrastructure Creative national creative ones creative city infrastructure. (creative zone / creative Economy set by criteria. space / creative city) as an through expression space, Utilization promotion and interaction and for creative people in the Rights kabupaten / city Protection Intellectual Property

4. Source Development, Implementation of Implementation of Development organization and improvement improvement Tourism capacity building resource capacity resource capacity Power and human Resources human tourism and human tourism and Creative tourism and economy creative economy level creative economy level Economy creative level expert. advanced. basic.

From the table above, it can be concluded that the authorities in points 1 and 2 have been strictly regulated in the Tourism Law but for Creative Economy Development through the Use and Protection of Intellectual Property Rights and Development of Tourism Resources and Creative Economy are not explicitly regulated in the Tourism Law so as to these two things apply not to the Tourism Law but the Regional Government Law.

The enactment of the Regional Government Law in addition to the Tourism Law shows other colors in the implementation of tourism. Based on a review of various kabupaten regulations in the Lake Toba area regarding the formation of regional equipment, [32] it can be understood that tourism functions or affairs are not only the realm of the Tourism Office. The multi-field development characteristic is the rationale that the tourism function is also located in other institutions. The following are presented by agencies related to the function of tourism in each kabupaten:

No. kabupatens Service [33] Organized Affairs 1. North Tapanuli Public Works Agency and government affairs in public works, spatial (Regional Type A Spatial Planning planning, parks and funerals Regulation of Type B Environmental government affairs in the fields of North Tapanuli Service environment, forestry, hygiene and solid Regency No. 9 of waste, and the development of energy and 2016) mineral resources Department of government affairs in the transportation Transportation Type C sector

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No. kabupatens Service [33] Organized Affairs Type B Communication and government affairs in the field of Information Service communication and informatics, statistics and coding Office of Cooperatives, governmental affairs in the field of Small and Medium cooperatives, small and medium Enterprises Type C enterprises Investment Services and governmental affairs in the field of Type One Integrated One- investment and one-stop integrated Stop Licensing Services licensing services Type B Tourism Office government affairs in tourism 2. Humbang Public Works Agency and government affairs in public works, spatial Hasundutan Type B Spatial Planning planning, lighting and landscaping (Kabupaten Type B Environmental governmental affairs in the field of Regulation of Service environment, forestry, hygiene and waste Humbang Department of government affairs in the transportation Hasundutan No. 6 Transportation Type C sector of 2016) Investment Services and governmental affairs in the field of Type One Integrated One- investment and one-stop integrated Stop Licensing Services licensing services Type B Tourism Office government affairs in tourism and culture. 3. Toba Samosir Public Works Agency and government affairs in the field of public (Toba Samosir Type A Spatial Planning works, spatial planning, lighting and Kabupaten landscaping Regulation No. 5 of Type C Environmental governmental affairs in the field of 2016) Agency environment and forestry, in the field of hygiene and waste Department of government affairs in the transportation Transportation Type C sector Type B Communication and government affairs in the field of Information Service communication and informatics, statistics and coding Department of Trade, government affairs in the fields of trade, Industry and Type A Small industry, cooperatives and small and and Medium Business medium enterprises, energy and mineral Cooperatives resources, and markets Investment Services and governmental affairs in the field of Type One Integrated One- investment and one-stop integrated Stop Licensing Services licensing services Type A Tourism Office government affairs in tourism and culture 4. Simalungun Type A Environmental government affairs in the environment and (Simalungun Service government affairs in the forestry sector Kabupaten Type B Communication and government affairs in the field of Regulation No. 4 of Information Service communication and informatics, 2016) government affairs in the field of statistics and government affairs in the field of coding

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No. kabupatens Service [33] Organized Affairs Office of Cooperative SMEs organize government affairs in the field of and Type A Workforce Small and Medium Enterprises Cooperatives and labor affairs in government affairs Type A Tourism and Culture government affairs in tourism and Office government affairs in culture Office of Industry and Trade government affairs in the field of industry Type B and trade affairs in the trade sector 5. Karo Public Works Agency and governmental affairs in the field of public (Karo Regulation Type B Spatial Planning works, spatial planning, landscaping and No. 5 of 2016) lighting Manpower Office and Type government affairs in the field of labor, B Small and Medium cooperatives of small and medium Enterprises Cooperative enterprises and transmigration Type A Environmental governmental affairs in the fields of Service environment, forestry, solid waste and mineral resources Investment Services and governmental affairs in the field of Type A Integrated One- investment and one-stop integrated Stop Licensing Services licensing services Type B Office of Tourism government affairs in tourism and and Culture government affairs in culture 6. Pakpak Bharat Public Works Agency and government affairs in the field of public (Pakpak Bharat Type C Spatial Planning works and spatial planning, land affairs and Regulation No. 13 transportation fields of 2016) Micro, Small and Medium governmental affairs in the fields of Enterprises Cooperative cooperatives, small and medium Office Type C enterprises, industrial sectors, market trading and mineral resources Type C Tourism Office government affairs in tourism and government affairs in culture

Based on the explanation of the administration of functions or functions of the official offices in several kabupatens, it can be understood that the function of tourism is also related to other functions which are also located in other services. To develop the tourism sector, it requires the development of infrastructure, the environment, the involvement of micro, small and medium enterprises, licensing and investment services, trade and industry, transportation, and communication and informatics. Thus, integrated tourism management is a must.

1.2.3 Special Institutions related to Lake Toba

a. Lake Toba Authority Agency Presidential Regulation No. 49 of 2016 concerning the Management Agency of the Lake Toba Tourism Area (hereinafter referred to as the BODT Presidential Regulation) is the legal basis for the existence of BODT. In the regulation it was stated that the establishment of BODT aims to accelerate the development and development of the Lake Toba Tourism Area which is considered necessary to unite

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APPENDIX III Institutions and Laws Related to ITMP for Lake Toba Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba the implementation of the authority to manage the Lake Toba area. [34] BODT is under and responsible to the President. This means that the existence of BODT is not part of the Regional Government and its main duties and functions are in the line of command and orders of the President.

The organizational structure of BODT consists of the Steering Board and the Implementing Agency. [35] The Steering Council consists of the Coordinating Minister, Minister of Tourism, and other sectoral Ministers (Domestic, Bappenas, Finance, Environment and Forestry, Agrarian and Spatial Planning, Public Works and Public Housing, Transportation, Energy and Mineral Resources, Employment, Utilization State Apparatus and Bureaucratic Reform, Cabinet Secretary), and Governor of North Sumatra. [36] While the Implementation Agency is a work unit under the Ministry of Tourism. [37]

The duties of the Steering Committee are: [38] a. establish general policies, give direction, control and guide the implementation of policies for management, development and development of Lake Toba Tourism Area (hereinafter referred to as KPDT); b. synchronize the policies of Ministries / Institutions and Regional Government regarding the management, development and development of KPDT; c. provide implementation instructions to the Implementing Agency regarding the management, development and development of the KPDT in accordance with the general policies of the Central Government and the Regional Government; and d. supervise the implementation of KPDT management, development and development policies carried out by the Implementing Agency.

In essence, the task of the BODT Steering Board is more on directing authority because the management policy, development and development of the KPDT is carried out by a technical implementing body. This can be seen from the duties of the Implementing Agency, including: [39] a. coordinate, synchronize, and facilitate planning, development, development and control in KPDT. b. planning, developing, building, managing, and controlling in KPDT.

In carrying out this task, the Executing Agency carries out functions: a. preparation of Master Plans in KPDT; b. preparation of Detailed Development and Development Plans in KPDT; c. implementation of coordination, synchronization, and facilitation of planning, development, development and control in KPDT; d. planning, development, development, management and control in KDPT; e. formulation of operational strategies for KPDT development; f. implementation of central and regional licensing and non-licensing services in KPDT; g. determining strategic steps for solving problems in the implementation of KDPT's planning, development, management and control; and h. implementing other duties related to the development of KPDT stipulated by the Steering Committee.

In addition to the regulatory review, information was also obtained from BODT itself. [40] Some of the main points related to the implementation of the BODT function can be summarized as follows:

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- the area that can be managed by BODT by using management rights, even though in the regulation it is mentioned at least 500ha, but in reality only 368.72 ha. This is due to the existence of citizen claims to land and because of the difficulty in managing management rights. - Investors who have already begun to sign commitments to invest in the land have not yet been able to carry out their activities due to the absence of basic infrastructure, such as minimal roads, electricity, and water. The difficulty is still in funding and executing the construction, where there is no way out to do so, both from the Ministry of Tourism and the Ministry of Public Works. BODT also cannot borrow from banks for funding, because indeed as a work unit, assets managed by BODT are not delegated to him and the status of all assets is still a state asset. - Local government budgets are decreasing for tourism activities, despite the trend of rising PAD. because of the thought that there was already BODT. In fact, the presence of BODT does not necessarily mean that all funding will come from BODT. - There is limited authority from BODT, where many things can be coordinated by BODT, but cannot be decided by BODT. Some of them are licensing issues whose authority still exists in the area, not in BODT. There is no BODT authority to provide facilities to investors, so that it has the potential to reduce investor interest in investing, because there is no difference in investing in and outside the region that is given management rights to BODT with other regions within the Lake Toba region. If there is a discrepancy between the regional plan and the plan prepared by BODT, then BODT can only coordinate to be appropriate, or return everything to the Steering Board and then the Minister of Home Affairs questions why the regions did not make the suitability of the plan.The limited authority of BODT is different from the authority it has if an area has become a SEZ or with an Authority Body in Batam or in Aceh which has stronger authority. - To propose that BODT cannot do the area managed by BODT to become SEZ, because BODT is not a business entity. If you change your status to a Public Service Agency you still cannot make BODT have that authority. However, if submissions are made by the regions, both provinces and kabupatens, there are still concerns that their authority will be taken later. b. Toba Caldera Geopark Management Agency The Toba Caldera Geopark Management Agency (BPGKT) is the body that manages the Toba Caldera Geopark which aims to increase the added value of the Lake Toba region to become an international standard, creating jobs and increasing economic growth in an area that is environmentally sound. [41] Based on Article 3 of the BP Geopark Governor Regulation, the organizational structure of the Management Agency consists of: a. Advisory Board; b. Steering Board; c. Expert Group; d. Technical Commission (R & D Commission, Conservation Commission, Education Commission, Promotion Commission, and Community Empowerment Commission); e. General Manager; f. Deputy General Manager I; g. Deputy General Manager II; h. Secretariat; i. Geosite Manager.

The appointment of the Managing Agency personnel was carried out using the North Sumatra Governor Decree Number 188.44 / 778 / KPTS / 2017 concerning the Appointment of Personnel of the Toba

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Caldera Geopark Management Agency in North Sumatra Province (SK BP Geopark). The BP Geopark Decree is a form of implementation of the Governor Regulation Number 88 of 2017 concerning the Management Agency of the Toba Caldera Geopark of North Sumatra Province (Pergub BP Geopark) in the form of beschikking (decision). [42]

In the legal field, there are other legal products besides legislation, for example legal products in the form of beschikking (decisions) or often known as State Administrative Decisions (KTUN). Beschikking is a written decision of a state administration that has legal consequences. [43]

The elements in a besckhikking or KTUN include: [44] a. Written determination; b. Issued by TUN Agency / Officer; c. Based on applicable laws and regulations; d. Concrete, individual and final; e. Causing legal consequences; and f. A person or body of civil law.

Concrete, individual, and final properties are characteristics that must be owned by a legal product, so that it can be called a decision. Concrete is an object that is decided in a KTUN not abstract, but tangible, certain or can be determined. The next individual is the KTUN is not intended for the public, but certain both the address and the intended thing. Finally, the final because it is definitive so that it can cause legal consequences. [45]

The legal consequences that arise in a KTUN can be: [46] a. Strengthen a legal relationship or existing legal condition (declarator); b. Raises a legal relationship or a new legal condition (constitutuief); c. Rejection of a legal relationship both declaratory and constitutief.

In addition, in a KTUN must contain state administrative legal actions based on legislation. That is, legal actions of the Agency or TUN Officials are based on the legal power of the state administration which can lead to rights or obligations to other people. [47] BP Geopark Governor Regulation gave a legal basis for the BP Geopark Decree to carry out the duties and obligations stipulated in the Geopark Governor Regulation.

In the case of the BP Geopark Decree fulfilling the six elements above and giving rise to legal relations or new legal conditions because the names mentioned in the new personnel in his position as the Toba Caldera Geopark Management Board of North Sumatra Province, the BP Geopark SK must be considered true and legitimate (principle of presumption of rechtmatige) until the decision of the state administrative court states otherwise.

Management Agency that has a service period of 3 (three) years [48] it has a function: [49] a. Managing the Toba Caldera Geopark area in achieving the goal of developing the Toba Caldera Geopark; b. managing the sustainability of Geodiversity, Biodiversity and Culture Diversity in the Toba Geopark Caldera Region;

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APPENDIX III Institutions and Laws Related to ITMP for Lake Toba Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba c. provide input, suggestions and proposals to the Kabupaten Government in the Toba Caldera Geopark Region.

While the duties of each organizational structure in the Management Agency are regulated in Article 7 - Article 15 of the BP Geopark Governor Regulation. While related to the financing that will arise with the stipulation of the BP Geopark Governor Regulation is charged to the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget, Provincial Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget , Regency Revenue and Expenditure Budget , and other funding sources that are legal and non-binding and do not conflict with legislation -invitation. [50]

I. 3 Studies on Other Sectors related to Tourism I.3.1 Transportation Transportation, is a matter that needs to be prepared in the implementation of tourism, because tourism is a variety of tourism activities and these activities are supported by various facilities and services provided by the community, businessmen, government, and local government. [51]

Regarding transportation, it is regulated in a number of regulations, including:

• Law Number 38 of 2004 concerning Roads (Law on Roads); • Law Number 22 Year 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation (UU LLAJ); • Law Number 23 of 2007 concerning Railways (Railway Law); • Law Number 1 of 2009 concerning Aviation (Aviation Law); and • Law Number 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping (Shipping Law).

The five laws are the legal umbrella for organizing transfers in Indonesia because transportation is related to land, air, and sea, each of which involves different institutions.

The Transportation Master Plan is regulated in the Minister of Transportation Regulation Number KM.49 of 2005 concerning the National Transportation System (Sistranas) (Permenhub Sistranas). Sistranas is a system of transportation that is systematically organized to be used as a guideline and foundation in planning, development, delivery of transportation in order to be able to realize effective and efficient transportation service providers. [52]

Quite closely related to transportation are roads, places where transportation can take place . Regarding the road, the General Plan on this Road can be seen in the Decree of the Minister of Public Works Number 567 / KPTS / M / 2010 concerning the General Plan of the National Road Network which has been amended several times, the latest by the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing Decree Number 250 / KPTS / M / 2015 concerning the Third Amendment to the Decree of the Minister of Public Works Number 567 / KPTS / M / 2010 concerning the General Plan for the National Road Network (RU Jalan Nasional).

I.3.2 Utilities Based on Article 1 number 6 of the Tourism Law, in a tourism destination there are tourist attractions, public facilities, facilities tourism, accessibility, and communities that are interrelated and complement the realization of tourism. The word "interrelated and complementary" used in the formulation of the article confirms that in order to implement tourism it cannot be if it is not integrated and must always contain all the elements referred to. One of the elements mentioned must be facilities, both in the form of public facilities and tourism facilities. In the explanation of Article 7 letter b of the Tourism Law, it is

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APPENDIX III Institutions and Laws Related to ITMP for Lake Toba Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba also stated that the provision of public facilities and the construction of tourism facilities is part of the development of tourism destinations. Provision of these two facilities must also pay attention to tourists who have physical limitations, children, and the elderly. In article 21 of the Tourism Law,they have the right to get facilities according to their needs. Likewise in the 2010-2025 PP RIPPARNAS, it was also discussed that people with physical disabilities, children and the elderly need special facilities.

I.3.3 Visitor Management to World Heritage Sites In relation to tourism, it is very possible that tourism destinations are world heritage sites or cultural reserves. Cultural heritage is material cultural heritage in the form of Cultural Heritage Objects, Cultural Heritage Buildings, Cultural Heritage Structures, Cultural Heritage Sites, and Cultural Heritage Areas on land and / or in water that need to be preserved because they have important values for history, science, education , religion, and / or culture through the determination process. [53] The use of cultural heritage is indeed possible, one of which is for religious, social, educational, scientific, technological, cultural and tourism purposes. [54] Thus, in the context of its utilization, tourism stakeholders need to participate in preserving cultural preservation, so that the goal can be achieved. The purpose of preservation of cultural heritage is: [55] a. preserve the national cultural heritage and heritage of mankind; b. increasing the dignity and national dignity through Cultural Heritage; c. strengthen the nation's personality; d. improve people's welfare; and e. promote national cultural heritage to the international community.

The community, as beneficiaries of cultural heritage, can play a role in safeguarding cultural heritage [56] , even though the security is the obligation of the owner and / or the master [57] . Safeguarding cultural heritage is an effort to safeguard and prevent cultural heritage from threats and / or disturbances. [58]

I.3.4 Drinking Water Supply Systems The Master Plan for Drinking Water Supply Systems is regulated in Government Regulation Number 16 of 2005 concerning Development of Drinking Water Supply Systems (PP RISPAM). In the PP RISPAM, it is explained that the provision of drinking water is an activity to provide drinking water to meet the needs of the community to get a healthy, clean and productive life. [59] Whereas SPAM Development is an activity that aims to build, expand, and / or improve physical (technical) and non-physical systems (institutional, management, financial, community roles, and law) in a unified unit implementing drinking water supply to the community towards better circumstances. [60]

I.3.5 UNESCO Global Geopark U NESCO Global Geopark (UGG) are single, unified geographical areas where sites and landscapes of international geological significance are managed by a holistic concept of protection, education and sustainable development. [61] The UGG definition at least requires the existence of three basic concepts in a UGG, namely protection, education, and sustainable development. In the Indonesian legal view, at least the UGG concept can be seen in several articles, including Article 18B paragraph (2) of the 1945

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Constitution which expressly states that the state recognizes customary law community units along with their traditional rights as long as they are alive and in accordance with community .

Furthermore, in article 31 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution which affirms that every citizen has the right to receive education and the state is obliged to advance science and technology and national culture as stipulated in Article 31 paragraph (5) and Article 32 of the 1945 Constitution.

Finally, Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution affirms that national economy is held based on the principles of sustainability and environmental insight. This means that the state is committed to maintaining the sustainability of Indonesia's ecosystems and resources so that they can be enjoyed by intergeneration and generations.

The three articles above show that in Indonesian constitutional thought it has fulfilled the basic concept in the UGG itself. In addition, the management of UGG is holistic in supporting and developing the three concepts above so that it is not excessive if the UGG concept is actually reflected in the Indonesian constitution.

UNESCO also stated that there is no legal status inherent in establishing a UGG. This is seen in the UNESCO Global Geopark "is not a legislative designation - though the defining geological heritage sites within a UNESCO Global Geopark must be protected under indigenous, local, regional or national legislation as appropriate . [62] From the statement, it can be concluded that the determination of UGG is not a legislative product so that it will not cause any legal impact but in fact the determination of GPP is not necessarily determined but must be protected by national law and local regulations first.

Indonesian law that regulates the protection of geological heritage is Presidential Regulation Number 9 of 2019 concerning Development of the Earth Park (" Perpres Geopark "). One of the reasons for the Geopark Presidential Regulation is that in order to develop the Earth Park through three pillars including conservation, education, and sustainable economic development of the community primarily through the development of the tourism sector, geopark development governance is needed as a guideline. [63] The three pillars mentioned are actually inline with the UGG concept implemented by UNESCO so that the legal product that justifies the existence of UGG in Indonesia is the Presidential Regulation on Geopark.

Geopark development is mainly carried out through the development of tourism destinations as stipulated in Article 4 paragraph (3) of the Presidential Regulation on Geopark. Geopark development is done through the stages of determining geological heritage (geoheritage), geopark planning, determination of geopark status, and geopark management. [64] This means that the Lake Toba area which has been designated as KSPN should carry out the development of a geopark around Lake Toba.

One example is the Toba Caldera Geopark Management Agency (BPGKT) is the body that manages the Toba Caldera Geopark which aims to increase the added value of the Lake Toba region to become an international standard, creating jobs and increasing economic growth in an area that is environmentally sound. [65] Based on Article 3 of the BP Geopark Governor Regulation, the organizational structure of the Management Agency consists of: a. Advisory Board; b. Steering Board;

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APPENDIX III Institutions and Laws Related to ITMP for Lake Toba Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba c. Expert Group; d. Technical Commission (R & D Commission, Conservation Commission, Education Commission, Promotion Commission, and Community Empowerment Commission); e. General Manager; f. Deputy General Manager I; g. Deputy General Manager II; h. Secretariat; i. Geosite Manager.

The appointment of the Managing Agency personnel was carried out using the North Sumatra Governor Decree Number 188.44 / 778 / KPTS / 2017 concerning the Appointment of Personnel of the Toba Caldera Geopark Management Agency in North Sumatra Province (SK BP Geopark). The BP Geopark Decree is a form of implementation of the Governor Regulation Number 88 of 2017 concerning the Management Agency of the Toba Caldera Geopark of North Sumatra Province (Pergub BP Geopark) in the form of beschikking (decision). [66]

Because BP Geopark Governor's Office and the Geopark Presidential Regulation were already in place, it should not be an obstacle for Unesco in further examining the UGG's determination considering that there were only 4 UGGs in Indonesia. In the author's view that the existence of these two rules should be able to answer Unesco's doubts in the absence of a positive law that protects the geopark around Lake Toba KSPN.

I.3.6 Biosphere Reserve Site Biosphere reserves are areas comprising terrestrial, marine and coastal ecosystems. Each reserve promotes solutions reconcile the conservation of biodiversity with its sustainable use. Biosphere Reserves are places for testing interdisciplinary approaches to understanding and managing changes between social and ecological systems, including conflict prevention and management of biodiversity. Biosphere reserves are nominated by national governments and remain under the sovereign jurisdiction of the states where they are located. Their status is internationally recognized. [67]

The explanation above shows that BSS aims to understand and manage changes and interactions between communities, ecosystems, including efforts to prevent conflict and biodiversity management. The existence of this BSS can also be seen in the three BSS zoning functions as explained by UNESCO, including: [68]

a. The core area (s) comprises that it contributes to the conservation of landscapes, ecosystems, species and genetic variation. b. The buffer zone surrounds the core areas, and is used for activities compatible with sound ecological practices that can reinforce scientific research, monitoring, training and education. c. The transition area is the part of the reserve where the greatest activity is allowed, fostering economic and human development that is social-culturally and ecologically sustainable.

In essence the three functions are for sustainable development, the existence of ecosystems, education, and social culture. The existence of BSS in Indonesia includes Mount Leuser, Siberut, Tanjung Uting,

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Lore Lindu, Cibodas, and Komodo. [69] Of the areas that have been designated as BSS because the region is a distinctive icon from each region, given their existence, they have long existed for educational and cultural purposes.

BSS is an area consisting of terrestrial, marine, and coastal ecosystems so that Lake Toba in addition to KSPN should be around the Lake Toba region which has such characteristics should be managed as a BSS as long as it is a blend of ecosystems.

Indonesia itself has ratified the UN convention on biodiversity through Law No. 5 of 1994 so that it is appropriate for the management of Lake Toba not only to comply with the Tourism Law but also to look back at the convention.

In addition to this biodiversity convention, Indonesia has also issued Law No. 11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Heritage. The Cultural Heritage Act should also be able to show protection against matters relating to BSS. The existence of BSS is very important considering its function as a combination of nature and humans in their activities in creating a harmony that is not shared by other regions.

As explained above, the Geopark Presidential Regulation should also be able to provide an illustration for the Government to also focus on the existence of the BSS. The concept of Geopark development should also be visionary and seminary with the development of BSS because both of them focus on education, sustainable development, and ecosystems so that the two cannot be mutually inseparable .

II. PROPOSED SETTLEMENT OF PROBLEMS II.1 Strengthening Coordination Tourism Coordination needs to be done to improve tourism management. Coordination is defined as an effort carried out by the government in order to achieve harmony, harmony, integration both planning and implementation of tasks and activities in order to achieve maximum results and usability . [70] This is done by the government by conducting strategic cross-sector coordination at the level of tourism policies, programs and activities. [71]

The strategic strategic coordination of the tourism management sector (hereinafter referred to as cross- sectoral strategic coordination) is regulated in Presidential Regulation No. 64 of 2014 which has been amended several times, most recently by Presidential Regulation No. 14 of 2018 concerning Cross- Sectoral Implementation of the Tourism Administration. The understanding is strategic efforts carried out by the Government to achieve harmony, harmony, integration both planning and implementation of tasks and activities at the level of policies, programs, and tourism management activities. [72]

The cross-sectoral strategic coordination includes: (i) customs, immigration and quarantine services; (ii) security and order. (iii) public infrastructure sectors covering roads, clean water, electricity, telecommunications, and environmental health; (iv) land, sea and air transportation fields; (v) the field of tourism promotion and foreign cooperation. [73]

To carry out these various coordination activities, a Tourism Coordination Team was formed which was under and responsible to the President. [74] The tasks of the team are: [75]

a. coordinate policies, programs and activities to support tourism; b. synergize through synchronization, harmonization and integration of tourism management programs;

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APPENDIX III Institutions and Laws Related to ITMP for Lake Toba Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba c. establish strategic measures to overcome obstacles in the implementation of tourism; and d. coordinate planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of tourism.

From the explanation above, coordination is not considered as something important in tourism activities. This can be seen from the many arrangements for coordination. However, this is not the case. Coordination is a difficult thing to do. In fact, if seen, the existence of BODT is to carry out coordination that did not work earlier. Where the reality is still not satisfactory. Thus, increasing coordination requires not only regulation, but a paradigm shift.

II.2 Withdrawal of Regency Authority to Provincial Level The next alternative that might be chosen is to attract kabupaten authority to the provincial level, in terms of Lake Toba tourism. This is because the coordination that needs to be carried out by the eight kabupatens around the Lake Toba region cannot yet be realized properly. Thus, there are difficulties in developing the region.

The choice to attract kabupaten authority to the provincial level is expected to minimize coordination that cannot be implemented properly. Thus, all matters relating to tourism can be resolved by the province. The regency eventually became the implementer of policies taken at the provincial level.

If seen from the comparison table of the authority of the government, provincial government and kabupaten / city government, the authority possessed by the provincial government and kabupaten / city governments is in principle not different. The only thing that distinguishes is the area which is the authority. So, it should be a breath of fresh air to be able to withdraw the authority for tourism destinations that are within the same province, but over administrative boundaries of more than one kabupaten, such as Lake Toba.

II.3 Changing the Authority of BODT to SEZ

In the discussion on BODT, it was stated that the structure in BODT consisted of the Steering Committee and the Implementing Agency. Where the task of the Steering Committee is more to direct KPDT management policies. While the task of the Implementing Agency is to carry out technical matters in accordance with the direction of the Steering Committee. Concretely, the task of the Implementing Agency is 1) coordinating, synchronizing and facilitating planning, development, development and control in KPDT; and 2) carry out planning, development, development, management and control in KPDT. [76]

Regarding the authority of BODT, which in essence is coordinating the development of KPDT, it can be proposed to then convert KPDT into a special economic zone (SEZ). Based on Article 1 number 1 of Law Number 39 of 2009 concerning Special Economic Zones (SEZ Law), SEZs are areas with certain limits in the jurisdiction of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia which are determined to carry out economic functions and obtain certain facilities. The area coverage that can be proposed as SEZ can be in one kabupaten / city or across the regency / city area. The difference between the two is that the SEZ determination will be carried out by the provincial government or kabupaten / city government. [77]

The criteria for one region can be proposed to be SEZ: [78] a. in accordance with the RTRW and does not have the potential to disrupt protected areas;

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APPENDIX III Institutions and Laws Related to ITMP for Lake Toba Integrated Tourism Master Plan Preparation for Lake Toba b. the relevant provincial / kabupaten / city government supports SEZ; c. located in a position close to international trade lines or close to international shipping lines in Indonesia or located in the area of potential superior resources [79] (one of which is tourism); and d. have clear boundaries.

With the amendment of BODT authority to SEZ, technical matters related to licensing for Business Actors who establish, operate and develop businesses in SEZs can be carried out by SEZ Administrators who have received delegation of authority from the government and regional governments. [80] In addition, the control and operation of SEZs can be monitored directly by KEK Administrators, which are then reported periodically and incidentally to the Zone Council. [81] This certainly can reduce bureaucracy between different agencies, which are very concerned with the strength of coordination.

[1] Article 3 of the Tourism Law

[2] Article 5 letter (f) of the Tourism Law

[3] Territorial decentralization is the delegation of power to regulate and manage their households from their respective regions while functional decentralization, delegation of power to regulate and manage certain things or interests .

[4] Quarterly Point, Introduction to Indonesian State Administrative Law, (Jakarta: Library Achievement, 2012), p. 122

[5] Mahfud MD, Building Legal Politics, Upholding the Constitution , (Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2012), p. 223

[6] Article 4 of the Tourism Law.

[7] Article 1 number 10 of the Tourism Law.

[8] Article 12 paragraph (1) of the Tourism Law.

[9] Article 12 paragraph (2) Tourism Law.

[10] Article 12 paragraph (3) of the Tourism Law.

[11] Article 13 paragraph (1), (3), and (4) Tourism Law.

[12] Article 13 paragraph (2) of the Tourism Law.

[13] Article 10 paragraph (2) PP RIPPARNAS 2010-2025.

[14] Article 1 number 17 PP National RTRW.

[15] Article 9 paragraph (1) National RTRW PP.

[16] Article 75 PP National RTRW.

[17] Article 80 PP National RTRW.

[18] Article 3 of the Presidential Regulation on the Lake Toba RTRK.

[19] Article 4 of the Presidential Regulation on Lake Toba RTRK.

[20] Article 6 of the Presidential Regulation on the Lake Toba RTRK.

[21] Ni'Matul Huda, State Science, (Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2011), pp. 253-254.

[22] Article 3 of the Presidential Regulation.

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[23] Article 23 of the Tourism Law.

[24] Article 28 of the Tourism Law.

[25] Article 12 paragraph (3) of the Regional Government Law.

[26] See Article 1 number 15 of the Regional Government Law.

[27] See General Explanation of Government Regulation Number 7 of 2008 concerning Deconcentration and Co- Administration.

[28] Sirajudin and Team, supra note 29, p. 59.

[29] See Article 8 paragraph (2) of the Regional Government Law.

[30] William Sanjaya, Constitutional Deconcentration Regulation in Law 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government , (Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Volume 2, Number 3, Year 2015), p. 588

[31] See the Annex to the Regional Government Law

[32] Regarding this regional apparatus, it is regulated in general in Government Regulation Number 18 of 2016 concerning Regional Apparatus (PP Regional Devices). In Article 1 number 1 PP the Regional Apparatus is interpreted as an element of assistance to the head of the Region and the Regional House of Representatives in the administration of Government Affairs which is the authority of the Region.

[33] The differentiation between types A, B, and C refers to the difference in workload from said service. Type A has a large workload, type B has a moderate workload, and type C has a light workload.

[34] Section Weighing letter b of Perpres BODT.

[35] Article 3 of the Presidential Regulation BODT.

[36] Article 5 paragraph (1) Perpres BODT.

[37] Article 9 of the Perpres BODT.

[38] Article 4 of the Presidential Regulation BODT.

[39] Article 14 of the Perpres BODT.

[40] Discussions were conducted between the ITMP for Lake Toba Institutional Team and BODT Representatives, namely BODT Institutional Director on Monday, February 25, 2019 at the Ministry of Tourism at 15.30 - 17.00 WIB.

[41] See Article 1 number 5 Governor Regulation Number 88 of 2017 concerning the Toba Caldera Geopark Management Board of North Sumatra Province (Perg Ge BPark).

[42] This is in line with the principle of legality in Administrative Law, namely the principle of government based on laws and regulations, meaning that the making and stipulation of provisions must be based on applicable laws and regulations or must be based on government authority given by legislation. See Ridwan HR, Revised State Administration Law , p. 158.

[43] Sjacharan Basah, Existence and Rejection of Judicial Bodies of State Administration , (Bandung: Alumni, 1985), p. 230.

[44] See Article 1 number 3 of Act Number 5 of 1986 as amended several times, the latest by Law Number 51 of 2009 concerning State Administrative Courts (PTUN Law).

[45] Ridwan HR, Revised State Administrative Law , (Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2011), p. 159.

[46] R Wiyono, Procedure Law of the State Administrative Court, (Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2015), p. 30.

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[47] See Article 1 number 3 in conjunction with Article 1 number 9 of the Administrative Court Law.

[48] See Article 5 of the BP Geoprak Governor Regulation.

[49] Article 6 of the BP Geopark Governor Regulation.

[50] See Article 16 of the BP Geopark Governor Regulation.

[51] Article 1 number 3 of Law Number

[52] See Article 1 of Minister of Transportation Regulation Sistranas.

[53] Article 1 number 1 of Law Number 11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Heritage (Cultural Heritage Act).

[54] Article 85 paragraph (1) of the Cultural Heritage Act.

[55] Article 3 of the Cultural Heritage Act.

[56] Article 63 of the Cultural Heritage Act.

[57] Article 61 paragraph (2) of the Cultural Heritage Act.

[58] Article 1 number 25 of the Cultural Heritage Act.

[59] Article 1 number 5 PP RISPAM.

[60] Article 1 number 7 PP RISPAM.

[61] UNESCO: UNESCO Global Geoparks, http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/earth- sciences/unesco-global-geoparks/ , accessed on February 19, 2019, at 15:29

[62] Id

[63] See letter c Considering the Perpres Geopark section

[64] Article 5 of the Presidential Regulation on Geopark

[65] See Article 1 number 5 Governor Regulation Number 88 of 2017 concerning the Toba Caldera Geopark Management Board of North Sumatra Province (Perg Ge BPark).

[66] This is in line with the principle of legality in Administrative Law, namely the principle of government based on legislation, meaning that the making and stipulation of provisions must be based on applicable laws and regulations or must be based on government authority given by legislation. See Ridwan HR, Revised State Administration Law, p. 158.

[67] UNESCO, UNESCO Global Geopark s.

[68] Id

[69] Id, http://www.unesco.org/mabdb/br/brdir/asia/Indonesiamap.htm , accessed on February 19, 2019, at 16:48 WIB

[70] Article 1 number 2 Presidential Regulation Number 64 of 2014 concerning Cross-Sector Coordination of Tourism (Presidential Regulation).

[71] Article 33 paragraph (1) of the Tourism Law.

[72] Article 1 number 3 Presidential Regulation.

[73] Article 33 paragraph (2) of the Tourism Law.

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[74] Article 3 Presidential Regulation. The management structure and team members consist of the ranks of the Vice President, the Coordinating Ministers of the Field, several related Ministers such as the Minister of Tourism, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Home Affairs, Minister of Law and Human Rights, Minister of Finance, Minister of Education and Culture, Minister of Public Works and Public Housing, Minister of Health, Minister of Transportation, Minister of Environment and Forestry, Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Minister of Communication and Information, Minister of Agrarian and Spatial Planning / Head of National Land Agency, Minister of Industry, Minister of Trade, Minister of State-Owned Enterprises, Minister National Development Planning / Head of Bappenas, Cabinet Secretary, Head of the Investment Coordinating Board, Head of the Creative Economy Agency,Head of the Financial and Development Supervisory Agency, Head of the Indonesian National Police, and Attorney General. If needed, the Tourism Coordination team is possible to include ministries / agencies including the Tourism Area Management Authority (some of which have been formed are BO Lake Toba, BO Borobudur, and BO Labuan Bajo) and / or elements of the community and other stakeholders. See Article 5 of the Presidential Regulation.See Article 5 of the Presidential Regulation.See Article 5 of the Presidential Regulation.

[75] Article 4 of the Presidential Regulation.

[76] Article 14 of the Perpres BODT.

[77] Article 10 paragraph (2) SEZ Law.

[78] Article 4 of the SEZ Law.

[79] What is meant by the area of potential superior resources, includes the fields of maritime affairs and fisheries, plantations, mining, tourism. See General Explanation of SEZ Law.

[80] Article 23 jo Article 24 of the SEZ Law.

[81] Article 23 paragraph (1) letters b and c of the SEZ Law.

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