November 2011 Issue of AJET Connect
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Samoan Submission Machines
Samoan Submission Machines: Grappling with Representations of Samoan Identity in Professional Wrestling Theo Plothe1 Savannah State University [email protected] Amongst the myriad of characters to step foot in the squared circle, perhaps no ethnic group has been as celebrated or marginalized as the Samoans who have made their names in professional wrestling. The discussion of Samoan identity in the context of sport has examined Maori identity and masculinity in New Zealand, among other topics, but there has yet to be work which considers Samoans within professional wrestling. This research investigates Samoan identity through a content analysis of televised wrestling matches. This research identifies six primary stereotypes under which Samoan identity is portrayed. These portrayals of Samoan characters, I argue, flatten the representation of this ethnic group within wrestling and culture at large. Keywords: Samoans, identity, representation, gimmicks Introduction Among the myriad of characters to step foot in the squared circle, perhaps no ethnic group has been as celebrated or marginalized as the Samoans who have made their names in professional wrestling. This research investigates the identity of Samoans within professional wrestling, and the different ways they are constructed and presented to audiences. “Gimmicks,” characters portrayed by a wrestler “resulting in the sum of fictional elements, attire and wrestling ability” (Oliva and Calleja 3) utilized by Samoans have run the gamut from the wild uncivilized savage, to the sumo (both in villainous Japanese and comically absurd iterations), to the ultra-cool mogul who wears silk shirts and fancy shoes. Their ability to cut promos, an important facet of the modern gimmick allowing wrestlers to address their opponents and storylines, varies widely as well, but all lie within their Samoan identity. -
Author Title / Notes of VRG and References in Her Articles from Her Bibliography Cards Type Location Adamsheck, Beverly Kenchreai
PUBLICATIONS IN THE FILES OF V.R. GRACE (in alphabetical order) Author Title / Notes of VRG and references in her articles from her bibliography cards Type Location Adamsheck, Beverly Kenchreai. Eastern Port of Corinth, IV. The Pottery, Leiden 1979. Book Bookcase Ακαμάτης, Γιάννης Μ. Πήλινες μήτρες αγγείων από την Πέλλα. Συμβολή στη μελέτη της ελληνιστικής Photocopy Bookcase κεραμικής, Διδακτορική Διατριβή, Επιτηρίδα της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής, παράρτημα αρ.61, Θεσσαλονίκη 1985. Note: “SAH: pp.498-515, pls.317-324” Ακαμάτης, Ιωάννης Μ. “Η Αγορά της Πέλλας κατά το 1989”, ΑΕΜΘ 3 (1989) [1992] 75-84, pl.85-90. Photocopy Bookcase Ακαμάτης, Ιωάννης Μ. Πήλινες μήτρες αγγείων από την Πέλλα. Συμβολή στη μελέτη της ελληνιστικής Photocopy Bookcase κεραμικής, Δημοσιεύματα του Αρχαιολογικού Δελτίου αρ.51, Αθήνα 1993. Note: “SAH: pp.322-323, pls.314-318” Akko, Land and Sea excavations, University of Haifa, Department of the History of Pamphlet Bookcase Maritime Civilizations, no date. Albright, William The Archaeology of Palestine, Middlesex, Penguin Books, 1949. Bound Bookcase Foxwell book Alexandrescu, Petre “L’importation de le céramique attique dans les colonies du Pont-Euxin avant les Offprint Bookcase guerres médiques”, RA 1973, 23-38. Αλεξίου, Στυλιανός “Ανασκαφή εις Αγίαν Πελαγίαν Ηρακλείου”, ΑΑΑ 5.2 (1972) 230-244. Offprint folder 391 “Greece - Islands: Crete - various” Amiran, Ruth and “A new scheme for the sub-division of the iron-age in Palestine”, IEJ 8 (1958) 171- Offprint Bookcase Aharoni, Y. 184. Amiran, Ruth Ancient Pottery of Erez-Yisra’el, Jerusalem 1959. Pamphlet Bookcase Amiran, Ruth and “A Canaanite-Hyksos city at Tell Nagila”, Archaeoloy 18 (1965) 113-123. -
Inside This Newsletter
U.S. Sumo Federation 827 N. Hollywood Way, #473 Burbank, CA 91505 Volume 1.04 Official Newsletter of the United States Sumo Federation August 2015 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.americansumo.org Motivational Thought: I’ve missed more than 9000 shots in my career. I’ve lost almost 300 games. 26 times I’ve been trusted to take the game winning shot and missed. I’ve failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed. – Michael Jordan Inside This Newsletter Japan’s Pro News: Hakuho Rolls Again Sumo Essentials: Butsukari / Ukemi Pro Spotlight: Musashimaru – Fiamalu Penitani Kimarite Korner: Tsukidashi / Tsuridashi Special Feature Articles: Choosing a Delegation USSF Sanctioned Events DATE LOCATION EVENT POC TYPE 19 Sep 15 Atlanta, GA Japan Fest Packy Bannevans Tournament 26 Sep 15 Kansas City, MO Midwest Sumo Open Welcome Mat Sumo Tournament 20 Sep 15 San Francisco, CA Festival Andrew Freund Demonstration 24 Oct 15 San Antonio, TX Texas Classic Tom Zabel Tournament 17 Oct 15 Costa Mesa, CA Sumo Night Andrew Freund Demonstration International Events DATE LOCATION EVENT QUALIFYING EVENT 29 – 30 Aug 2015 Osaka, Japan World Championships 2015 U.S. Nationals TBD, 2017 Lima, Peru World Combat Games 2016 North Americans 3 – 13 Aug 2017 Wroclaw, Poland World Games 2016 U.S. Nationals USSF Officers President: Andrew Freund Vice-President: Tiffany Tran Secretary: Jesse DiSimone Treasurer: Americus Abesamis USSF Trustees Andrew Freund Kelly Gneiting Matt Ritchie Trent Sabo Tom Zabel SUMO ESSENTIALS By Tom Zabel In this section we will discuss basic fundamental movements, positions, and postures. -
Japan In2050
JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society ofCulturalof Cultural Anthropology 2010 Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology Award Lecture Japan in 2050: An Anthropological Imagination of Japan's Future through the Dreams of Filipina Migrants YAMAsHITA Shinji Graduate Sehool ofArts and Sciences, The University of Tbkyo [[lrranslated by John ERTTi Kanazawa University and TANAKA Maki University of Califbrnia, Berkeley What will Japan look like in 2050? By 2050, Japan's current population of a27 million will decline to 9" million, due to its ]ow birth rate. The number of people aged 65 or older will increase to 40.5 percent of the total population by 2055. This is an ultra-aged society never experienced before in human history. Within such a "import" demographic framework, Japan may be forced to foreign labor for the survival of its economy. Thus, some foresee that Japan will have 1O million foreign residents by 2050, accounting for 1ri percent of the total population, a$ compared with 2.2 mirlion, or 1.7 percent, as of 2008. That necessarily leads to the scenario of Japan becoming multicultura[. Agai,nst the background of such a future soc[o-demographic change in Japanese soc[ety, thi$ paper examines transnational migration into Japan and the Japanese way of IMng together in a multicultural environment, Particularly focusing on the dreams of Filipina migrants, the paper discusses the culturai po[itics of migration, including the issues of citizenship and human rights, and seeks the possibility of establishing a public anthropology directed toward the future Japanese society. Key words: Japan's future, aged society with a low birth rate, transnational migration, multioulturalism, publicanthropology Introduction My career as an anthropolegist began in 1970, fbrty years ago, as an undeTgraduate student at the University of [Ibkyo, As a graduate student at [[bkyo Metropolitan UniversitM my dissertation was an ethnographic study of rituals of the [[braja in Sulawesi, Indonesia, which was later published as a book (YAMAsHITtrt 1988). -
Generaciones De Tecnología EDITORIAL
Revista de Mitsubishi Materials YOUR BM002S GLOBAL CRAFTSMAN STUDIO Evolucionamos hacia el futuro Generaciones de tecnología EDITORIAL Satisfacer las necesidades del cliente Nos complace publicar el segundo número de nuestra No hay nada que nos haga más felices que un cliente revista Your Global Craftsman Studio, cuyo primer que no está simplemente satisfecho con su producto ejemplar vio la luz en abril de 2015. o su solución, sino que muestra una reacción que Nuestro propio avance y el del mundo que nos va más allá. Nos referimos a ese tipo de reacciones rodea nos obliga a esforzamos por desarrollar que se dan cuando los clientes encuentran algo que continuamente nuevas tecnologías y hacer que sobrepasa su idea original. Así, pondremos toda la Mitsubishi Materials evolucione para contribuir al carne en el asador para seguir ofreciéndoles una éxito de las actividades empresariales de nuestros respuesta que supere con creces sus expectativas y clientes. El objetivo principal es convertirnos en ese nos emocionaremos cuando consigan sus objetivos aliado fiable al que los clientes acuden en busca de o sean testigos de un rendimiento y una calidad que asesoramiento y en el que confían para la obtención de jamás habrían podido imaginar. Les instamos a que soluciones avanzadas que aúnan rentabilidad y una no pierdan de vista la evolución de nuestro estudio, ya calidad insuperable. que tenemos previsto convertirnos en un fabricante de Naturalmente, esta evolución tiene que ver con herramientas todavía más profesional y competente herramientas y otros avances tecnológicos, aunque para ofrecer unos resultados nunca vistos. también con diferentes aspectos como el contenido o la calidad de los servicios. -
Your Name Is John Luke Matthews. Shouldn't Mark Feel Slighted?
Your name is John Luke Matthews. Shouldn’t Mark feel slighted? Well actually Luke’s not a legal name. John Matthews was the name given to me by my father when he adopted me a long time ago. I started out with a fully Japanese Okinawan name. I became John Matthews. And then in high school because I don’t have a middle name a friend of mine named Mark decided it would be a hoot to call me Luke. And so I became Luke. This was before Star Wars. It was a very rare name at the time. So I was the only Luke around. And then 1977 rolls around and every rugrat in the world is named Luke. And so I always say it’s a great name for a Buddhist kid, isn’t it? John Luke Matthews. You’re Buddhist? I adopted Zen Buddhism a little later, around high school or so. I’m not Buddhist now. I always describe myself as a flaming materialist. I’m not particularly religious anymore. You’re born Okinawan? Yes, I’m born Okinawan. I lived there til I was two months shy of 18 years old. Then we moved to the States. We moved to my dad’s little hometown in rural southern Georgia. We went from relatively urban Japan to rural southern Georgia, a town of about 800 people. I lived there for probably six months until the culture shock really freaked me out. I joined the Army as a way of getting out. Since then I’ve bounced around the country. -
BA Ritgerð the Change of Tides
BA ritgerð Japanskt Mál og menning The Change of tides: The advent of non-nationals in Sumo Henry Fannar Clemmensen Leiðbeinandi Gunnella Þorgeirsdóttir September 2019 Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Japanskt mál og menning The Change of Tides: The advent of non-nationals in Sumo Ritgerð til B.A.-prófs Henry Fannar Clemmensen Kt.: 260294-3429 Leiðbeinandi: Gunnella Þorgeirsdóttir September 2019 1 Abstract Non-Japanese sumo wrestlers are common today, but that has not always been the case. For over a thousand years sumo tournaments were exclusively held by Japanese men, and up until the 1960s foreigners were almost unheard of in the professional sumo scene. As the world’s modernization and internationalization accelerated so did foreign interest in the National sport of sumo. Today the sport has spread to over 87 countries which have joined the International Sumo Federation. With an interest in professional sumo in Japan at an all-time low and with fewer wrestlers applying to stables than ever before, viewers of tournaments and media coverage of events has been decreasing, which is closely followed by western originated sports having overtaken sumo in popularity e.g. soccer and baseball. Yet the interest in sumo on an international scale has increased considerably. In which way has this rising internationalization affected the sumo world and the professional sumo world and how is it reflected in modern Japanese society, in what way did the wrestlers coming from overseas experience the sumo culture compared to how it is today? Today the sumo scene is largely dominated by Mongolian wrestlers, how did this come to pass and how has the society of Japan reacted to these changes. -
The Independence Movement on Okinawa, Japan. a Study on the Impact of US Military Presence
STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY Department of Asian, Middle Eastern and Turkish Studies The independence movement on Okinawa, Japan. A study on the impact of US military presence. Bachelor Thesis in Japanese studies Spring 2017 Anton Lövgren Supervisor: Ingemar Ottosson Abstract Ryūkyū independence movement has ever since WWII been an actor working towards independence for the Ryūkyū islands. Since the Okinawa Reversion Agreement 1971 the military bases has been a topic for debate. In this research the influence of the American military bases and its personnel's behavior have on the independence movement is examined using a qualitative analysis method. Further, this research argues that the military bases have influenced independence movement to gain more momentum for autonomy on Okinawa between 2004-2017. Keywords Ryūkyū, Identity, Ryūkyū independence movement, American military bases, Collective identity. Acknowledgement I am so glad for all the encouragement and assistance I’ve been given by the department of Asian, Middle eastern and Turkish studies. Especially by my supervisor Ingemar Ottosson and course coordinator Christina Nygren. Romanisation of Japanese words and names Japanese words and names will be written with the Hepburn romanization system. Long vowels such as a e i o u will be written with a macron (ā ē ī ō ū). For example Ryūkyū (琉球) would otherwise be written with long vowels as ryuukyuu. Japanese names are traditionally written with family name and given name subsequently. This thesis will use the western standard i.e. given name first and family name second. For example Takeshi Onaga the governor of Okinawa Prefecture in Japan (In tradtional Japanese standard 翁 長 雄志 Onaga Takeshi). -
The Politics of Difference and Authenticity in the Practice of Okinawan Dance and Music in Osaka, Japan
The Politics of Difference and Authenticity in the Practice of Okinawan Dance and Music in Osaka, Japan by Sumi Cho A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology) in the University of Michigan 2014 Doctoral Committee: Professor Jennifer E. Robertson, Chair Professor Kelly Askew Professor Gillian Feeley-Harnik Professor Markus Nornes © Sumi Cho All rights reserved 2014 For My Family ii Acknowledgments First of all, I would like to thank my advisor and dissertation chair, Professor Jennifer Robertson for her guidance, patience, and feedback throughout my long years as a PhD student. Her firm but caring guidance led me through hard times, and made this project see its completion. Her knowledge, professionalism, devotion, and insights have always been inspirations for me, which I hope I can emulate in my own work and teaching in the future. I also would like to thank Professors Gillian Feeley-Harnik and Kelly Askew for their academic and personal support for many years; they understood my challenges in creating a balance between family and work, and shared many insights from their firsthand experiences. I also thank Gillian for her constant and detailed writing advice through several semesters in her ethnolab workshop. I also am grateful to Professor Abé Markus Nornes for insightful comments and warm encouragement during my writing process. I appreciate teaching from professors Bruce Mannheim, the late Fernando Coronil, Damani Partridge, Gayle Rubin, Miriam Ticktin, Tom Trautmann, and Russell Bernard during my coursework period, which helped my research project to take shape in various ways. -
Inciting Difference and Distance in the Writings of Sakiyama Tami, Yi Yang-Ji, and Tawada Yōko
Inciting Difference and Distance in the Writings of Sakiyama Tami, Yi Yang-ji, and Tawada Yōko Victoria Young Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of East Asian Studies, School of Languages, Cultures and Societies March 2016 ii The candidate confirms that the work submitted is her own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. © 2016 The University of Leeds and Victoria Young iii Acknowledgements The first three years of this degree were fully funded by a Postgraduate Studentship provided by the academic journal Japan Forum in conjunction with BAJS (British Association for Japanese Studies), and a University of Leeds Full Fees Bursary. My final year maintenance costs were provided by a GB Sasakawa Postgraduate Studentship and a BAJS John Crump Studentship. I would like to express my thanks to each of these funding bodies, and to the University of Leeds ‘Leeds for Life’ programme for helping to fund a trip to present my research in Japan in March 2012. I am incredibly thankful to many people who have supported me on the way to completing this thesis. The diversity offered within Dr Mark Morris’s literature lectures and his encouragement as the supervisor of my undergraduate dissertation in Cambridge were both fundamental factors in my decision to pursue further postgraduate studies, and I am indebted to Mark for introducing me to my MA supervisor, Dr Nicola Liscutin. -
Fieldwork in Japan: an Encounter with Japan’S Big Boys
Fieldwork in Japan: An Encounter with Japan’s Big Boys Francisco Javier Tablero Vallas Aichi University It was unusually warm, that May she was talking about and Mr. Suzuki, the day in Tokyo, when I set out looking for the calligraphy teacher, nodded his agreement. sumo wrestling heya (training house) in Put firmly in our places and clutching three bo- which I hoped to do my fieldwork. My su- ttles of Portuguese wine we made our gateway. pervisor, Professor Yoshio Onuki, and I had Just a few meters further on we came to a met earlier at his University of Tokyo office. three-stored white-washed building. This, Mr. After pin-pointing issues and working out Suzuki assured us, was the heya. I say ‘assured’ strategies, we set off for one of the forty-three because of our incredulous looks. We were as- heya which then made up the sumo world. tounded. This ordinary building? Hidden away We wanted to talk an oyakata (sumo mas- in this little back street? Groaning inwardly, I ter) into allowing the fieldwork - so I could tried not to let my crumbling images spoil my collect detailed data (on everyday life, social optimism. At least this was where I was would relations, organization, rituals etc.) in situ. have the wonderful opportunity of learning how the mythical Japanese sumo wrestlers live At about 6:00 pm., our train passed above and how they have survived and preserved their the Kokugikan (the National Stadium - the tradition against increasing westernization. home of Japanese sumo) and got out at Hi- rai station. -
Le Monde Du Sumo Le Premier Magazine Francophone Consacré Au Sumo
Le Monde du Sumo Le premier magazine francophone consacré au Sumo フランス語の大相撲雑誌 16 Numéro juin 2006 Natsu basho 2006 : 1er yusho pour Hakuho L’agent dans le sumo : salaires et primes La retraite de Toki Editorial En couverture : le Natsu basho, les médecins lui ont interdit un excellent 14-1 d’un bon tremplin pour, qui sait, premier yusho pour le retour à la compétition avant un délai d’au moins peut-être une prochaine nouvelle place d’ozeki… jeune ozeki Hakuho ! deux mois… remettant donc en cause sa participation au Nagoya basho ! Pour en terminer avec la division makuuchi, A l’heure actuelle, et au vu de ses quelques rappelons que deux jeunes rikishi étaient apparitions en combats de démonstration, il ne particulièrement sous les projecteurs : Homasho semble toujours pas en mesure de se servir de ce et Baruto. bras droit endolori pour malmener ses adversaires, Promus simultanément aux positions de mais sans doute cherche-t-il à s’économiser un maegashira 11, postes fort exposés pour deux maximum, afin de ne pas mettre en péril le reste « débutants », leurs fortunes ont été bien de la longue carrière qui lui est promise. Il sait différentes… Cela faisait bien longtemps qu’aucun lutteur que certains, comme Musashimaru, ont négligé Homasho n’a pas résisté à la pression et obtient n’avait remporté son premier yusho en division de soigner totalement des blessures sournoises, et le premier make-koshi de sa carrière avec 6-9, makuuchi ! que ces dernières leur ont été fatales ! dont 7 défaites sur ses 8 derniers combats.