Lord Salisbury's World

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Cambridge University Press 052144506X - Lord Salisbury’s World: Conservative Environments in Late-Victorian Britain Michael Bentley Index More information

Index

Many names mentioned incidentally are not included here. I have included as many subject categories as possible to enable readers to follow a theme.

Acland,A.H.D.,218 Austria, as brake on Russia, 271, 272 Acland, H. W., 131 Acland-Hood, Alexander, 84 and n Bagehot, Walter, 75 Adderley, Sir Charles, 270 and The English Constitution,159±60 Afghanistan, 90, 228, 236 Baldwin, Stanley, 155, 219, 295, 314, 316 the crisis of 1878±9, 238±44 in memory, 318, 320 Russian aggression (1885), 279, 281 as a Peelite Disraelian, 315 see also India; Lytton, ®rst Earl Balfour of Burghley, Lord, 186 Africa, 244±50 Balfour, A. J., ®rst Earl, 10n, 11, 16, 42, 164, see also under particular territories 203, 215, 276, 292 Agricultural Holdings Act (1875), 115±16 as a 1920s icon, 315 Akers-Doyglas, Aretas, 80, 151, 278, 282, 283, brought into cabinet (1886), 285 287 contrasted with Salisbury, 297 Albert Edward, Prince, 73±4, 76 as an intellectual contact, 133±5 Richmond despairs over, 162 in Ireland, 58±9 Alderson, Georgina, see Salisbury, Georgina, on Scotland, 56 Lady as a theorist of the platform, 301±2 Alexander, Prince, of Bulgaria, 162, 284 Balfour, Frances, 16, 135, 204 Alexandria, bombardment of (1882), 246 Balfour, Frank Maitland, 135 see also Egypt; Sudan Balfour, Gerald, 16, 123, 135 Ali, Sher, Amir of Afghanistan, 240±2 ballot, secret (1872), 23, 62, 149±50, 263±4 America, 2 see also democracy and Civil War, 66, 145±6, 222, 257 Bateman, John, and his Great Landowners,101, and marriage market, 79, 83±4 115n aristocracy, 1 Beach, Sir Michael Hicks, 123, 174, 212, 223, its justi®cation, 72±3 228, 272, 283, 294 its rural character, 40±1 Beacons®eld, Earl of, see Disraeli, Benjamin see also class and the class war Beaulieu, villa at, 16, 39 armed forces, Benson, Edward White, Archbishopof their clubs, 77±8 Canterbury,189,191,194,197,217 and Duke of Cambridge, 75 and battles with Salisbury, 202±5, 213, 219 Tory politics and, 173±5 Bentinck, Lord George, 17, 289 see also defence Beresford, Lord Charles, 82 Armenia, Turkish massacres in, 288 Beresford-Hope, A. J. B., 10, 189 Artisans' Dwellings Act, 90, 176 Berlin, Congress and Treaty of (1878), 162, Ashbourne, Lord, see Gibson, Edward 266, 273 Austin, Alfred, 136, 301 see also Disraeli, Benjamin; Derby, ®fteenth Australia, 220, 222±3, 257 Earl of

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© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 052144506X - Lord Salisbury’s World: Conservative Environments in Late-Victorian Britain Michael Bentley Index More information

328 Index

bishops, see Church of England Cecil, Lord Hugh, 13, 204, 218±19, 301, Bismarck, Otto von, 39 313±14 last years, 288 Cecil, James (Salisbury's elder brother), on Salisbury, 273 10±11, 258±9 Blair, Tony, 320±1 Cecil, James, later fourth Marquis of Blatchford, Robert, and Merrie England,127 Salisbury, 13, 204, 316n Boer War (1899±1902), 221±2, 224, 245, 305 Cecil, Lionel, 11 see also South Africa Cecil, Lady Margaret, 11 Borthwick, Algernon, later Lord Glenesk, Cecil, Maud, 14 137±8 Cecil, Lord Robert (Salisbury's son), 13 British Association (for the Advancement of on his father's journalism, 127 Science), 132±3 after the First World War, 316 Brodrick, G. C., 64n, 310 Cecil, Robert, later ®fth Marquis of Salisbury, Brodrick, St. John, 64n 13, 317 Buccleuch, sixth Duke of, 46, 50 Cecil, Sackville, 11 Buckle, G. E., 138 Cecil, William, bishopof Exeter, 13 Bulgaria, and Russo-Turkish tensions, 271 Chamberlain, Joseph, 4 Burgon, J. W. (Dean of Chichester), 195, 198 attacks Whigs, 278 Burma, 230 and Churchill, 277 and its annexation, 236±8 and Home Rule crisis, 282 Butt, Isaac, 235 relationswithSalisbury,287,289,290±2, 295 cabinet government, Salisbury's suspicions Tory perception of, 278±9 about, 170±1, 284±5 and the twentieth century, 306 Cadogan, ®fth Earl, on Irish viceroyalty, 59 Chamberlain, Neville, 5±6, 315, 316 Cairns,Hugh,®rstEarl,6,42,48,49,80,94, Chaplin, Henry, 44, 81, 293 98 China, 161, 236 on court of appeal, 167 andWeihaiwei,231 friction with Salisbury over ritualism, 270 Church Association, 197 position on Russian problem (1876±7), 272 Church of England, 29 quarrel with Salisbury over Arrears Bill, bishops of, 75, 92, 194±7, 201 120 deans,79,201,212 resigns leadershipof the House of Lords, disestablishment, 191±3 164±5 patronage and church discipline, 202±5 Cambridge, seventh Duke of, 75 Salisburyand,188±8,201,202±5 Canada, 230 tithes, 209, 211±13 Carlton Club, 43, 78, 150, 250, 251, 257, 271, Church of Ireland, 62, 191 283 church rates, 30, 207 see also clubs Church, R. W., 131 Carnarvon, fourth Earl of, 6, 41, 44, 58, 74, Churchill, Lord Randolph, 4, 6, 43, 270, 275, 123, 150, 155, 238, 303 295, 306 and church politics, 197 and church politics, 200 goes green over Ireland, 58n, 280 and n and empire, 230, 243 and Lytton, 239 on Ireland, 62 and `mixed races', 225 in memory, 315 dithering over Russia, 271, 272 as a political problem after 1880, 276±7, stops dithering, 273 280, 281, 290 and Salisbury after 1872, 264, 268 on the Queen, 74 Cavendish, Lord Frederick, 289 resignation, 285 Cecil, Algernon, 313 see also `Fourth Party' Cecil, Arthur, 11 Churchill, Winston, 315, 316, 317 Cecil, Blanche, 11 in memory, 319 Cecil, Brownlow, Lord Burghley, 83 Churchward, Joseph, and `the Churchward Cecil, Lady Gwendolen, 10, 125 case', 97 her biography of her father, 314 class and the class war, 65, 71±2, 321

Index 329

deference, 84±5 and Mary Sackville-West, 11 marrying well, 81±4 resigns, 273 the middle classes, 85±8 his social pessimism, 39 the wealthy, 107±8 as a thinker, 139; the working classes, 89, 91±3 as `Titus Oates', 262 clubs, on Tory dif®culties in the Lords (1872), 263 and Dublin, 113 Derby, Lady, see Sackville-West, Mary in St James's, 77±8 Dicey,Edward,143andn Cobden, Richard, 180 and n, 185 Dilke, Sir Charles, 34, 142, 178 and Peel, 308 Disraeli, Benjamin, ®rst Earl of Beacons®eld, Colenso, J. W., bishopof Natal, 187, 188 17,70,227,253,271,298 Commons, House of, and Tory society, 82 and the ballot, 149±50 Salisbury on its function, 147±8 and the Church of England, 194, 198 Salisbury's unfortunate language there, and Cranborne in 1867, 260±1 302±3 education, 215 Constantinople, fears of Russian seizure, on Empire, 229, 239 267±9, 271 handling of Russo-Turkish con¯ict, 271±3 Cornwall, as Wesleyan wilderness, 205±6 the House of Lords and, 164±6 Cranborne, Viscount, 10, 22, 92, 197, 259 London houses, 44 (see also Hughenden) and 1867 reform crisis, 146±8, 159, 192, and Lothair,261andn 253±4, 260±1 in memory, 310±11, 313, 314 Cranborne Manor, 37±8 as party strategist, 18±22, 24±5, 254±5, as Indian secretary (1866±7), 232, 267 287 see also Salisbury, Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, and Peel, 17 third Marquis of and the press, 137 Cranbrook, see Hardy, Gathorne and the Queen, 161, 162 Cromer, ®rst Earl of, and Egyptian ®nance, on racial offence, 224n 248 re-emergence in 1872, 263±4 Cross, R. A., 161, 202, 212, 270, 270 and state intervention, 176, 183 Currie, Philip, 229 Doneraile, eighth Viscount, 114±15 and n

Darwin, Charles, 133,142 economy, 5, 79, 88±9 Davidson, Randall, later Archbishopof depression and land, 101 Canterbury, 75, 197 the link with empire, 225±7 defence, Salisbury on growing cost of, 30, 174 and Midlothian, 274 Delane, J. T., 137 the politics of depression, 179±81 democracy, see also farming and the changing role of speeches, 300±2 education, 98±9, 186±7 continuities from Salisbury to Lady and Dissent, 213±19 Thatcher, 320 Egypt, 245±6, 248, 278 its evils, 27, 89, 130, 144±54, 257, 286 Eliot, T S., 33±4 and the reform of 1867, 253±4 Elliot, Sir Henry, 269, 271 see also patronage; class and the class war Encumbered Estates Acts, 95 Derby, fourteenth Earl of, 13, 253, 306 EnglishChurchUnion,199 and the church, 197 Essays and Reviews (1860),142,188 and Disraeli, 18 Derby,®fteenthEarlof,6,24,34,38,81,128, farming 150,239,271,306 cattle plague, 103±4 and the Afghan problem, 239 a `ministry' of agriculture, 179 chronicles Tory positions on Russia and and Richmond's closeness to, 98 Turkey, 271±2 Salisbury's distance from, 41±2 and Egypt, 246 ®shing industry, Salisbury on, 35, 304 as foreign secretary, 161, 230, 266 Forster, W. E., 66, 214 his inferiors, 85 `Fourth Party', 53, 118, 271 his opinions on land, 102, 110 its rise and fall, 276±7

330 Index

France, Grimthorpe, ®rst Baron, 201, 202, 204 avoiding con¯ict with, 297 French designs on Burma, 236±8 Hague, William, 8, 253, 320 the lessons of the French Revolution, 27, Halsbury, ®rst Earl of, 202, 204, 251 28, 144±5 Hardy, Gathorne, ®rst Earl of Cranbrook, 45, north-east Africa and Fashoda, 250 91, 259, 270 Salisbury's francophilia, 39±40 on disestablishment, 193 Second Empire, 255 as High Churchman, 197 tensions in Africa, 227±8, 245 on the Queen, 163 free trade, on the Russo-Turkish problem, 268 and demands for protection of home Harrowby, second Earl of, 192, 199, 210, 231 industry, 180±1 Hart-Dyke, Sir William, 84 and n see also economy; state Hartington, Lord, later eighth Duke of Fremantle, W. H., 131 Devonshire, 23, 109±10, 213, 218 Frere, Sir Bartle, 238, 244 crisis of 1885±6, 281±2 Froude, James Anthony, 26, 140 rapprochement with Tories, 287, 289 on exterminating Negroes, 235 see also Home Rule; Liberal Unionist party Hat®eldHouse,8,13,19,42,125,142,251 Galloway, tenth Earl of, 11±12, 54 life there, 15±16, 35±6, 95, 135 George, David Lloyd, 13, 85, 126, 127, 298, Herbert, Auberon, 139 317 Hill, Lady Emily, 10 Germany, history, andChina,231 and Salisbury, 25±32 see also Prussia; Bismarck and the Tory party, 313±21 Gibson, Edward, Lord Ashbourne, 41, 45, Holland House, 43 and n 298 Home Rule, as Irish trouble-shooter, 59±60 consequences of crisis, 288 his land act (1885), 59±60 and n, 120±1 forIreland,61,63±4,114,121,252 see also Ireland the onset of the crisis, 281±3 Gladstone, William, 4, 46, 126, 127, 128, 146, and Salisbury, 157 149, 202, 230, 255 Salisbury's `Hottentots' speech (1886), 235 as country attorney, 257, 302±3 for Scotland, 54±5 on grasping nettles, 229 see also Ireland; Gladstone, William his Home Rule initiative, 121, 142, 281±3, housing 300 Salisbury's interest in, 89±91 Irish Whigs and, 111 protecting the race thereby, 222 inmemory,308,310,312,314,316±17 Hughenden (Disraeli's home), 23±4 and the minority government of 1885, Hunt, George Ward, 279±80 at the Admiralty, 174, 183 and Peel, 18 scuppered, 270 andtheQueen,160,163 hunting, shooting, ®shing and Salisbury, 63, 256, 259, 299, 300 and Disraeli, 23±4, 42 Tory perceptions of, 282, 284, 288±9 as Tory ritual, 23 Gloucester, its expensive deanery, 79 see also Richmond, sixth Duke of its corruption, 147 Godley, J. R., 14 and n Ignatiev, Count Nicolai Pavlovich, 271 Gordon, General, 228, 232, 278 India, 90, 199, 220, 316 death of, 247, 279 famine in Orissa, 232 Gorst, John, 53, 118, 294 the Gaekwar of Baroda, 240 see also `Fourth Party' the Indian Civil Service, 235 Goschen, G. J., 107, 282, 285, 310 Indian Council, 232 Chamberlain's dislike of, 291 the Irish parallel, 234±5 Granville, ®fth Earl, 44 the native princes, 240 and Salisbury, 274, 303 north-west frontier, 236 Greville, Charles, and his diaries, 311 and n its place in imperial policy, 232±44

Index 331

the Queen and, 161, 163 Salisbury's true home, 295, 303±5 and the Rebellion of 1857, 61 and Scotland, 51±2 restoration of Mysore, 223 Tory dif®culties in (1872), 263 and Westminster, 233 Lothian, ninth Marquis of, 54 see also Afghanistan; Lytton, ®rst Earl Lux Mundi (1889), 127±8, 188 Ireland Lytton, Bulwer, 34, 311 Arrears Bill (1882), 114, 118±20, 277 Lytton, ®rst Earl, 172, 220, 229, 318 as a Conservative space, 55±64 on Chamberlain, 291 Gladstone's reshaping of, 281±4, 288±9 as governor-general of India, 237±42 its history, 28±9 land acts, 113, 114; MacDonald, Ramsay, 142, 316, 320 (1870), 100, 114 Mackonochie, Rev. A. H., 197 (1881), 117±8, 278 Macmillan, Harold, 6, 317±8 (1887), 60, 114 Magee, William Connor, bishopof and Tory conceptions of property, 109±24 Peterborough, 192±3, 202 as warning about India, 234±5 on the perils of progress, 153±4 see also Home Rule; Gladstone, William Maine, Sir Henry Sumner, 26, 95, 142 and Popular Government (1885), 130 Jameson raid (1895), 245, 292 Major,John,253,320 Japan, 231 Majuba Hill, battle of, (1881), 244, 245 and n Jews, see race Mallock, W. H., 155 Jowett, Benjamin, 140 and Tory thought, 140±1 Malmesbury,thirdEarlof,20,24,264 Kimberley, ®rst Earl of, 303±4 Manners, Lord John, 47, 161, 216, 238, 254, King, Edward (bishopof Lincoln), 197, 201 258, 272, 279 King-Harman, Edward, 82, 112, 121 the coal industry, 184 Korea, 231, his farms, 105 andtheQueen,161 land, marriage, getting it right, 79±84 its place in Tory politics, 101±9 Marx,Karl,6;andMallock,141 and Salisbury, 99±101 Maxwell, Sir Herbert, on Home Rule for see also farming; Ireland Scotland, 54, 80 Lawrence, Sir John, 232, 238 McDonnell, Sir Schomberg, 76 Lennox,LordHenry,270andn Mearns, Rev. Andrew, 90, 177 LiberalUnionistparty,122,203,213,228, memory, 24, 30, 305±13 283, 286, 290 Merchant Shipping Bill (1893), 304 the problem it posed, 292±3 Merv (Marv), its place in strategy, 238±43 Liddon, H. P., 195 see also Afghanistan Lightfoot, Joseph, 196, 217 Midlothian campaigns (1879±80), 46, 89 Liverpool, 37±8 Milner,LordAlfred,143,220 London, Monypenny, W. F., 313 its absence from Bateman, 101 Moorhouse, James (bishopof Melbourne), the class war in the West End, 155 195 and n, 219, 220 as a political space, 36±7, 42±5 Morier, Sir Robert, 243 Salisbury on London housing, 90±1 MuÈller,Max,132 Londonderry, sixth Marquis of, Myers, F. W. H., 134 as Irish viceroy, 58±9 in London, 106 Naas, Lord, later sixth Earl of Mayo, 58 Lords, House of, and n and crofters' agitation, 102 National Review, 90, 136, 138 debate with Lord Wemyss, 156±7 National Society, 214 and n its perceived role among Tories, 164±70 Naval Defence Bill (1889), 174 Richmond leading, 22±3, 262 Nonconformity, and Salisbury's approach to, 27, 151±2 Benson's criticisms, 205±6 Salisbury's dif®culties in (1881±2), 116±17 and burials, 96, 209±10, 211

332 Index

Nonconformity (cont.) race, and education, 213±19 Celts in Ireland, 56±7, 61±2 and Salisbury, 188, 194, 206±11 and the Celts of Scotland, 56 and tithes, 211±12 de®nition of, 221 Northbrook, ®rst Earl of, 232, 233, 238, Froude on extermination, 225 239 andJews,67,107±8,190±1,193 Northcote, Sir Stafford, ®rst Earl of andMuslims,223 Iddesleigh, 39, 43, 53, 194, 320 and Negroes, 66±8, 223, 224 and n, 235 as chancellor, 89, 183±5, 275 its place in Tory imperialism, 221±32 dispensed with, 285±6 railway companies, made foreign secretary (1886), 284 and Salisbury, 106, 261 on House of Lords, 168 andW.H.Smith,106±7 on Ireland, 62 reform, parliamentary, 89, 92±3, 146±8, in opposition 1880±5, 275±7 148±9, 253±4, 277, 311 on the Russians, 272 Rendel, Lord, comparing Gladstone and Northumberland, eighth Duke of, 42 and n, Salisbury, 229 262, 279 Richmond,sixthDukeof,6,22±3,41,46,74, 98, 194 Oxford, University of, 96, 251 on the ballot, 62, 264n Salisbury as chancellor, 130±2, 215 and bishops, 194±5 Palmer, Horsley, 14 Chamberlain as communist, 278±9 Palmer, Roundell, ®rst Earl of Selborne, education spokesman, 215±16 14±15, 117, 204, 262 and the land problem, 102±6, 115±16, 179 his advice to Salisbury in 1885, 280 Russians as cads, 272 and Home Rule, 142 and Scottish politics, 49, 52 Palmerston, Lord, 257±8, 308 as Tory leader in the Lords, 165±8, 262, Paris, Treaty of (1856), and Black Sea clauses, 270, 299 265 on women, 68 Parker, Charles Stuart, 307, 309±10 Ridley, Sir Matthew White, 44, 217 patronage, role of, 70±1 Ripon, ®rst Marquis of, 303 in civil service, 172 ritualism, and the Church of England, 11, social patronage, 85±7 189, 197±201 Pauncefote, Julian, 229 Rosebery, ®fth Earl of, 100, 163 Peel,Arthur,307,310 and Salisbury, 303 Peel, Sir Lawrence, 308±9 Tory perceptions of, 290 Peel,SirRobert,6,17,75,109,110,147,255, Russia, 27, 68, 90, 257 289 background to the Penjdeh incident (1885), contrasted with Salisbury, 293 279, 281, 287 his Liberal legacies, 306±10 con¯ict with Turkey, 239, 264±75 Penson, Dame Lillian, 318 and n. perceived designs on India, 238±44 Persia, 237, 239, 242, 267, 281 the Queen and, 161 Plevna, battle of (1877), 272 and Treaty of London (1871), 265 see also Russia; Turkey Poland, Salisbury on, 27, 257, 266±7 Sackville-West, Mary, later Lady Derby, 11,12 Primrose League, 151, 296 andn,262,271 progress, its absurdity, 31±2, 252±3 Salisbury, Georgina, Lady, 12±13, 16, 80, 287 BishopMagee on, 153±4 Salisbury, second Marquis of, 9±10, 11, 14, Prussia, 40, 257, 265 255 Public WorshipRegulation Act (1875), 197, death, 259 270 on son's maiden speech (1854), 256 Purchas, Father John, 197 Salisbury, James, fourth Marquis of, 13 Puys, villa at, 16, 39 Salisbury, Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, third Marquis of, Quarterly Review, (mentions in text only), 13, his life,3,10,12,14,19±20,76,83,86, 60, 66, 126, 130, 206, 296 255±9, 268±9, 274, 287

Index 333

his life recollected, 314±21 Seeley, John Robert, 34 his styles of language, 295±301 Shuvalov,P.A.,12andn,68,81,271 his contexts, Sidgwick, Henry, 134, 289 and Chamberlain, 290±1 Sierra Leone, 227, 298 the Church of England, 188±90, 198±9, Smith, Goldwin, 142 201±5 on Churchill, 284 collapse of relations with Gladstone, on Salisbury, 138±9 288±9 Smith, W. H., 43, 161, 213, 276 the Conservative party, 21±2, 25, 251±2, his class problems, 71, 86, 140, 270 255±7, 261, 286±7 Commons management, 270, 286 Disraeli, 20±22 concerned about Salisbury (1886), and the empire, 220±1, 225±7, 228 284±5 Home Rule for Ireland, 63±4, 157 his controversy with Churchill, 285±6 `Hottentots' speech, 235 on Ireland, 123 the House of Commons, 170±1 steadying in¯uence in 1885, 281 India Of®ce (1874±78), 264, 268 socialism, 6, 142 managing Northcote and Churchill, and Salisbury's memory, 315 275±86 its threat after 1870, 153±8 and Nonconformists, 206±11 South Africa, personal religion, 16 and Salisbury's tour, 19 his place as a `thinker', 125±130 Salisbury's view of, 244±5, 250, 257 and the press, 135±9 its `Savages', 235 the Queen, 162±4 Spofforth, Markham, 86, 200 and the Russo-Turkish con¯ict of 1876±7, Stamford, 32, 255, 260 265, 266, 269, 272 and Burghley, 8, 76 Scotland, 46±7, 52±5 Stanhope, ®fth Earl, 26, 112n his opinions and perceptions,65±7,71,73,76±7 state, the, on the Afghan and Russian problems, and the limits of its interference in society, 239±44 158, 175±87, 199, 316, 321 on American Civil War, 66, 222 the Thatcherite variant, 319 on democratic dangers, 144±54 see also economy; free trade on education, 177 Stephen, James Fitzjames, 141 on function of the House of Lords, Suakin, 230 169±70 Sudan, 222, 230, 246, 248 on the housing question, 89±91 the `conquest argument', 231 on how to govern India, 232±6 and Fashoda, 250 on land and landlords, 99±100 Suez Canal, 245±6 on legal and historical contracts, 94±101 Supreme Court of Judicature Act (1873), on the nature of party, 251±2 167±8 on racial characteristics, 221±5 Symons,J.C.,308 ontheroleofthestate,176±8 on slavery, 222, 231 Tait, Archibald Campbell, Archbishop of on socialism and revolution, 153±8 Canterbury, 191, 194, 199 on `splendid isolation', 299±300 taxation, 181±6 on women, 68±70, 152 Tennyson, Lord Alfred, 134, 140 Sanderson, Thomas, 11 and n, 229 Thailand, and the French, 237±8 Sandon, Lord, and education policy, 216±17 Thatcher, Margaret, Lady, 65, 155, 253, Saturday Review,10,13 318±19 Schleswig-Holstein, Salisbury on the crisis of and Thatcherism, 319 1864, 40 Thomson, William, Archbishopof York, 131, Scotland, 196±7 and Conservative party, 45±55 tithes, 30 , 211±12 and Edinburgh, 46 see also Church of England and Glasgow, 46, 53 Tory democracy, 277±9 Scott, Sir Walter, 45±6, 128±9 see also Churchill, Lord Randolph

334 Index

Turkey, Walpole, Spencer, and Russia, 161, 239, 264±75 as clubman, 77 and Suakin, 230 as historian, 312 the crumbling Turkish empire, 268±9 Waterford, ®fth Marquis of, and Irish land Tweeddale, tenth Marquis of, 48±9 and n billof1887,60andn,122±3 Weihaiwei, 231 Uganda, 228 Wellington, ®rst Duke of, 10, 81, 154, 306 annexation of, 248 Wemyss, eighth Earl of, 91, 156, 177 Unionism (with Ireland), 63±4, 142 West Indies, 225 see also Home Rule; Liberal Unionist party Westcott, Brooke Foss, 195±6, 217 unions, trade, 92 Whigs, Tory perceptions of, 20±1, 208, see also socialism 303±4 Wodehouse, Sir Philip, 233±4 Victoria, Queen, women, and the Church of England, 195, 198, 219 Salisbury on female suffrage, 68±70 and her court, 73±6, 160±4 Salisbury on women and shopping, 170 in Home Rule crisis, 281, 283 see also marriage relations with Salisbury, 287 Woolf, Sir Henry Drummond, 53, 172 royal power, 162±4 Wordsworth, Christopher (bishop of on Russia and Turkey, 272 Lincoln), 196 and Scotland, 47±8 Wordsworth, John (bishopof Salisbury), 196 villa Toryism, 3, 104 Zanzibar, 230±1 Wales, and Conservatives, 55±6 and n Zetland, ®rst Marquis of, 43 and n and tithe wars, 211±12 Zulus, 228, 244