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République Démocratique Du Congo RÉPUBLIQUE DÉMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO MINISTÈRE DU COMMERCE EXTERIEUR Public Disclosure Authorized PROJET DE FACILITATION DU COMMERCE DANS LA RÉGION DE GRANDS LACS (PFCGL) ____________________ TRAVAUX DE CONSTRUCTION DES INFRASTRUCTURES SUR Public Disclosure Authorized LES SITES FRONTALIERS DE MWENDA, MOKAMBO, KIPUSHI, KASUMBALESA DANS LA PROVINCE DU HAUT-KATANGA ET KALEMIE DANS LA PROVINCE DE TANGANYIKA DANS LE CADRE DE LA DEUXIEME PHASE DU PFCGL Public Disclosure Authorized CADRE DE POLITIQUE DE REINSTALLATION RAPPORT FINAL Public Disclosure Authorized Mai 2018 iii TABLE DES MATIERES LISTE DES TABLEAUX V LISTE DES PHOTOS VI RÉSUMÉ EXÉCUTIF IX DÉFINITION DES CONCEPTS CLÉS XXIII 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. CONTEXTE ET JUSTIFICATION DU PROJET 1 1.2. OBJECTIF DU CPR 2 1.3. APPROCHE METHODOLOGIQUE DU CPR 3 1.4. STRUCTURE DU RAPPORT 4 2. DESCRIPTION DU PROJET 5 2.1. CONTEXTE ET JUSTIFICATION 5 2.2. OBJECTIFS DU PROJET 5 2.3. DESCRIPTION DES COMPOSANTES DU PROJET 5 2.4. DISPOSITIF INSTITUTIONNEL DE LA MISE EN ŒUVRE DU PROJET 1 2.5. COUT DE LA MISE EN ŒUVRE 4 2.6. INFORMATIONS DE BASE SUR LES ZONES CIBLES DU PROJET 4 3. , OBJECTIFS, PRINCIPES, ET PROCESSUS DE REINSTALLATION 21 3.1. OBJECTIFS DE LA REINSTALLATION 21 3.2. PRINCIPES APPLICABLES 21 3.2.1. MINIMISATION DES DEPLACEMENTS 22 3.2.2. PRINCIPES D’ATTENUATION DES IMPACTS 22 3.2.3. PRINCIPE POUR LES IMPACTS SUR LES REVENUS ET ASSISTANCE A LA RESTAURATION DES REVENUS 22 3.2.4. PRINCIPES DE L’INDEMNISATION 23 3.2.5. CONSULTATION DU PUBLIC 23 3.3. PROCESSUS DE REINSTALLATION 24 4. IMPACTS POTENTIELS DU PROJET SUR LES PERSONNES ET LES BIENS 26 4.1. ACTIVITES ENGENDRANT LA REINSTALLATION 26 4.2. IMPACTS ENVIRONNEMENTAUX ET SOCIAUX DU PFCGL 26 4.2.1. SYNTHESE DES IMPACTS POTENTIELS DU PROJET PFCGL – PHASE II. 26 4.2.2. APPRECIATION DES IMPACTS PAR ACTIVITES 27 4.2.3. SYNTHESE DES IMPACTS SOCIAUX NEGATIFS SUR LES BIENS ET LES MOYENS DE SUBSISTANCE 27 4.2.4. ESTIMATION DU NOMBRE DE PERSONNES AFFECTEES ET BESOINS APPROXIMATIFS EN TERRES 28 5. CONTEXTE LEGAL ET INSTITUTIONNEL DES ASPECTS FONCIERES 30 5.1. CADRE LEGAL NATIONAL 30 5.1.1. TEXTES DE BASE 30 5.1.2. PRINCIPE DE PROPRIETE 32 5.1.3. PROCEDURE D’INDEMNISATION 33 5.2. POLITIQUE OPERATIONNELLE 4.12 DE LA BANQUE MONDIALE 35 5.3. CADRE INSTITUTIONNEL 44 5.3.1. ACTEURS INSTITUTIONNELS RESPONSABLES 44 5.3.2. AUTRES MINISTERES POUVANT INTERVENIR DANS LA REINSTALLATION 46 6. PREPARATION, REVUE, ET APPROBATION DU PLANS D’ACTION DE REINSTALLATION 47 6.1. ETAPE 1 : PREPARATION 47 6.2. ETAPE 2 : APPROBATION DES PAR 49 6.3. ETAPE 3: MISE EN ŒUVRE DU PAR 49 6.4. CONSULTATION 50 6.5. CALENDRIER DE REINSTALLATION 50 7. CRITÈRE D’ÉLIGIBILITÉ POUR DIVERSES CATEGORIES DE PERSONNES AFFECTEES 52 7.1. CRITERES D’ELIGIBILITE 52 7.1.1. CATEGORIE DES POPULATIONS AFFECTEES 54 7.2. DATE LIMITE ET ÉLIGIBILITE 55 7.3. TYPES DE PERTES 56 7.4. PERTE DE TERRAIN 56 7.5. PERTE DE STRUCTURES ET D'INFRASTRUCTURES 56 7.6. PERTE DE REVENUS 56 7.7. PERTE DE DROITS 56 8. METHODES D’EVALUATION DES BIENS ET DETERMINATION DES TAUX DE COMPENSATION 58 8.1. FORMES DE COMPENSATIONS 58 8.2. COMPENSATION DES TERRES 58 8.3. COMPENSATION DES RESSOURCES FORESTIERES 59 8.4. COMPENSATION POUR LES SITES CULTURELS, TOMBES ET BOIS SACRES 59 8.5. COMPENSATION DES CULTURES ET ARBRES FRUITIERS 59 PFCGL - Phase II Cadre de Politique de Réinstallation (CPR) Rapport final - marsr 2018 iv 8.6. COMPENSATION POUR LES BATIMENTS ET INFRASTRUCTURES 60 8.7. COMPENSATION POUR PERTE DE REVENU POUR LES ACTIVITES FORMELLES ET INFORMELLES 60 8.8. SYNTHESE DES DROITS A LA COMPENSATION 61 8.9. PROCESSUS DE COMPENSATION 62 8.10. INFORMATION 62 8.11. PARTICIPATION PUBLIQUE 62 8.12. DOCUMENTATION DES AVOIRS ET DES BIENS 63 8.13. CONVENTION POUR LA COMPENSATION 63 8.14. EXECUTION DE LA COMPENSATION 63 9. SYSTEME DE GESTION DES PLAINTES. 67 9.1. TYPES DES PLAINTES ET CONFLITS A TRAITER 67 9.2. MECANISMES DE GESTION DES PLAINTES (MGP) 67 10. MODALITES ET METHODES DE CONSULTATIONS DES PERSONNES AFFECTEES AVEC LEURS PARTICIPATIONS. 71 10.1. CONSULTATION PUBLIQUE SUR LE CPR 71 10.2. OBJECTIFS DE LA CONSULTATION PUBLIQUE 71 10.3. METHODOLOGIE 72 10.4. SYNTHESE DES CONSULTATIONS PUBLIQUES 74 10.5. CONSULTATION PUBLIQUE SUR LES PAR 76 10.6. PARTICIPATION DES POPULATIONS AU PROCESSUS DE REINSTALLATION 77 10.7. DIFFUSION DE L’INFORMATION AU PUBLIC 78 10.8. RENFORCEMENT DES CAPACITES DES INTERVENANTS 78 10.9. CALENDRIER D'EXECUTION 78 11. IDENTIFICATION, ASSISTANCE ET DISPOSITION A PREVOIR DANS LE PAR 79 11.1. IDENTIFICATION DES GROUPES VULNERABLES 79 11.2. ASSISTANCE AUX GROUPES VULNERABLES 79 11.3. DISPOSITIONS A PREVOIR DANS LES PAR 79 12. MODALITES INSTITUTIONNELLES POUR LA MISE EN ŒUVRE DU CPR. 81 12.1. NIVEAU NATIONAL 81 A) COMITE DE PILOTAGE 81 B) RESPONSABILITE DE L’UNITE DE GESTION DU PROJET DANS LA MISE EN ŒUVRE DU CPR 81 12.2. RESPONSABILITES AU NIVEAU PROVINCIAL 82 12.3. RESPONSABILITES AU NIVEAU URBAIN 82 12.4. RESPONSABILITES AU NIVEAU DU QUARTIER 82 A) ASSOCIATIONS DE COMMERÇANTS TRANSFRONTALIERS 83 12.5. RESPONSABILITES DES CONSULTANTS DANS L’EXECUTION DES PAR 83 12.6. RESSOURCES - SOUTIEN TECHNIQUE ET RENFORCEMENT DES CAPACITES 83 12.7. BESOINS EN RENFORCEMENT DES CAPACITES 84 12.8. MONTAGE ORGANISATIONNEL 84 12.9. OBJECTIFS, INDICATEURS ET PROCESSUS DE SUIVI ET D’EVALUATION 85 12.10. VOLET SUIVI DE L’EXECUTION DES ACTIONS DE REINSTALLATION 86 12.11. INDICATEURS DE SUIVI 86 12.12. VOLET EVALUATION DES ACTIONS DE LA REINSTALLATION 87 13. BUDGET ET SOURCES FINANCEMENT 89 13.1. BUDGET ESTIMATIF DU CPR 89 13.2. SOURCE DE FINANCEMENT 90 14. CONCLUSION 91 15. RÉFÉRENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES 92 ANNEXES 93 ANNEXE 2 : TDR POUR LA PREPARATION DES PLANS DE RECASEMENT (PAR) 95 ANNEXE 3 : FICHE D’ANALYSE DU PROJET POUR IDENTIFICATION DES CAS DE REINSTALLATIONS INVOLONTAIRES 98 ANNEXE 4 : FICHE D’ENREGISTREMENT TRAITEMENT DES PLAINTES 99 ANNEXE 5. QUELQUES PROCES-VERBAUX DES REUNIONS DE CONSULTATION DU PUBLIC ORGANISEES KASUMBALESA, KIPUSHI, MWENDA, MUKAMBO ET KALEMIE 101 PFCGL - Phase II Cadre de Politique de Réinstallation (CPR) Rapport final - marsr 2018 v LISTE DES TABLEAUX Tableau 1. Description des Composantes du Projet ..................................................................... 1 Tableau 2. Dispositif de mise en œuvre du CPR ........................................................................... 1 Tableau 3. Coûts du projet par composante .................................................................................. 4 Tableau 4. Tableau synthèse des données socio-économiques des frontières de Kalemie et Kipushi ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Tableau 5. Données socio-économiques des sites frontaliers de Kasumbalesa, Mokambo et Mwenda dans le Terriroire de Sakania ........................................................................................ 15 Tableau 6. Synthèse des impacts négatifs potentiels .................................................................. 26 Tableau 7. Synthèse de l’appréciation des impacts des sous-composantes .............................. 27 Tableau 8. Impacts sociaux négatifs des sous –projets sur les biens et moyens de subsistance ...................................................................................................................................................... 27 Tableau 9. Détails de l'estimation des besoins en terres ............................................................ 29 Tableau 10. Textes juridiques applicable dans le cadre du CPR ................................................ 30 Tableau 11. Comparaison de la législation congolaise avec la PO 4.12 de la Banque mondiale ...................................................................................................................................................... 38 Tableau 12. Calendrier de réinstallation involontaire ................................................................... 50 Tableau 13. Matrice d’éligibilité à la compensation ..................................................................... 53 Tableau 14. Formes de compensation......................................................................................... 58 Tableau 15. Exemple de barème d'arbres fruitiers ...................................................................... 59 Tableau 16. Mode d'évaluation des pertes de revenus ............................................................... 60 Tableau 17. : Matrice des droits de compensation en cas d’expropriation ................................. 61 Tableau 18 : Matrice de compensation ........................................................................................ 64 Tableau 19 : Principales préoccupations des personnes consultées et réponses apportées .... 75 Tableau 21. Arrangements institutionnels (charte de responsabilités) de mise en œuvre ......... 84 Tableau 22. Indicateurs de suivi et évaluation objectivement vérifiable par type d’opération .... 88 Tableau 23 : Budget estimatif du CPR ......................................................................................... 89 PFCGL - Phase II Cadre de Politique de Réinstallation (CPR) Rapport final - marsr 2018 vi LISTE DES PHOTOS Figure 2. Représentation schématique des structures de mise en œuvre du projet en RDC ....... 3 Figure 1. Carte de localisation des sites frontières du Projet ........................................................ 5 Figure 3. Processus de préparation des réinstallations ............................................................... 25 Photo
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