Thermal monitoring in volcanoes on Ecuador Instituto Geofísico Escuela Politécnica Nacional

PASI 2011 Workshop ‒ San José, Costa Rica

Silvia Vallejo Vargas [email protected] www.igepn.edu.ec Thermal Monitoring

. Active and dangerous continental and island volcanoes in Ecuador

. Useful, safe and give a real view of the external temperature

. One FLIR ThermaCAM™ PM695, (2002)

. Complementary monitoring

. From the air and land if it is possible Thermal Monitoring

. Continue monitoring of seven active continental volcanoes with/without superficial activity

. Efussive activity (Reventador, Tungurahua) . lava flows distribution

. Explosive activity (Tungurahua, Reventador) . Pf´s dynamics . Incandescent blocks distributions in the flanks Thermal monitoring in active Cayambe ecuadorian Guagua Pichincha volcanoes: QUITO Reventador

 Cayambe Cotopaxi Antisana Reventador  Guagua Pichincha Antisana  Cotopaxi Sangay Tungurahua Sangay Cotopaxi

. 5897 masl . Increase seismic activity from 2001 Reventador Volcano

. 3485 masl . Latest eruptions: . Strato volcano •June 2008 . Conic shape •November 2008 . Big eruption 2002 •November 2009 Reventador lava flows 2002 - 2005

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Lava 1 Lava 2

Lava flow 1 and 2 Lava flow 3 Lava flow 4 Lava flow 5 2002 2004 2005 2005 Reventador lava flows 2005 - 2007

Lava flow 7 Lava flow 8 Lava flow 9 Lava flow 10 2005 2007 2007 2007 Reventador lava flows 2007 - 2009

Lava flow 11 Lava flow 12 Lava flow 13 2008 2008 2008 Reventador lava flows 2007 - 2009

Lava flow 15 Lava flow 17 2009 2009

Reventador: Mapping lava flows results

During 2002 – 2009: During 2002 – 2009: •Area covered by lava flows = 7.44 km 2 •Longest lava flows: 4.3 km (Lava 9/2007), •Estimated volume ~ 0.11 km 3 4.1 km (Lava 4/2004) •Emission rate ~ 1.5 x 10 7 m3/year (0,5 m3/ •Largest lava flows: 18M m 3 (Lava 1/2002), sec) 15M m3 (Lava 11/2008) Tungurahua Volcano

. Strato volcano . 5023 masl . Lastest eruptions (2006, 2008, 2010):  Ash fall  Piroclastic flows  Surges  Lava flows Flujo Piroclástico hacia CUSUA Registro de 8’15’’

Pf’s generated on may 28 , they were mapping using only thermal images

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Quebrada Juive Quebrada Quebrada Quebrada Motilones Mandur Pirámide Quebrada Bilbao Quebrada Cusúa

Quebrada Achupashal GRACIAS!! N