(1) PubMed will be searched using the following combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and relevant free terms in title and/or abstract [tiab]. In addition, an adaptation from the SYRCLE PubMed animal filter (Hoojiman et. al 2010) designed to maximise retrieval of all animal experiments in rodent models will be used.

(Epigenesis, Genetic[Mesh:noexp] OR Embryonic and Fetal Development[Mesh:noexp]) OR Epigenomics[Mesh] OR Embryonic Development[Mesh:noexp] OR Fetal Development[Mesh:noexp] OR Fetal Weight[Mesh] OR Fetal Nutrition Disorders[Mesh] OR Gene-Environment Interaction[Mesh] OR Phenotype[Mesh:noexp] OR "Foetal development"[Title/Abstract] OR "Fetal development"[Title/Abstract] OR "Foetal programming"[Title/Abstract] OR "Fetal programming"[Title/Abstract] OR Epigenetic[Title/Abstract] OR Offspring[Title/Abstract] OR "Phenotyp* programming"[Title/Abstract] OR "Phenotyp* development"[Title/Abstract] OR "Developmental programming"[Title/Abstract] OR "Epigenetic inheritance"[Title/Abstract]) AND (Non-Nutritive Sweeteners[Mesh] OR Sweetening Agents[Mesh] OR Stevia[Mesh] OR stevioside [Supplementary Concept] OR rebaudioside A [Supplementary Concept] OR Saccharin[Mesh] OR Aspartame[Mesh] OR Sugar Alcohols[Mesh] OR Sorbitol[Mesh:NoExp] OR Mannitol[Mesh:NoExp] OR Erythritol[Mesh:NoExp] OR Xylitol[Mesh] OR lactitol [Supplementary Concept] OR Dithioerythritol[Mesh] OR Galactitol[Mesh] OR Inositol[Mesh] OR Triose Sugar Alcohols[Mesh] OR Ribitol[Mesh] OR "non- nutritive sweeten*"[Title/Abstract] OR "artificial* sweet*"[Title/Abstract] OR Stevia[Title/Abstract] OR "Steviol glycoside*"[Title/Abstract] OR Saccharin[Title/Abstract] OR Sucralose[Title/Abstract] OR Aspartame[Title/Abstract] OR "Acesulfame K"[Title/Abstract] OR Neotame[Title/Abstract] OR Advantame[Title/Abstract] OR "Sugar alcohol*"[Title/Abstract] OR Sorbitol[Title/Abstract] OR Mannitol[Title/Abstract] OR Maltilol[Title/Abstract] OR Erythritol[Title/Abstract] OR "Hydrogenated starch hydrolysates"[Title/Abstract] OR "HSH"[Title/Abstract] OR Xylitol[Title/Abstract] OR Isomalt[Title/Abstract] OR Lactitol[Title/Abstract] OR "NNS"[Title/Abstract] OR "Non-caloric sweet*"[Title/Abstract] OR "Low calorie sweet*"[Title/Abstract] OR "Natural sweet*"[Title/Abstract] OR "Lo calorie sweet*"[Title/Abstract] OR Thaumatin[Title/Abstract]) ]) AND ("Mothers"[Mesh] OR "Maternal Exposure"[Mesh] OR Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena[Mesh] OR "Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects"[Mesh] OR "Pregnancy"[Mesh:noexp] OR "Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena"[Mesh] OR Lactation[Mesh:noexp] OR Weaning[Mesh] OR Maternal[Title/Abstract] OR Gestat*[Title/Abstract] OR "in-utero"[Title/Abstract] OR "inutero"[Title/Abstract] OR pregnan*[Title/Abstract] OR offspring*[Title/Abstract] OR prenatal[Title/Abstract] OR perinatal[Title/Abstract] OR lactat*[Title/Abstract] OR Mother*[Title/Abstract] OR embryo*[Title/Abstract] OR intrauterine[Title/Abstract] OR "pre- gestation"[Title/Abstract] OR "early exposure"[Title/Abstract] OR "early life exposure"[Title/Abstract] OR wean*[Title/Abstract]) AND (“animal experimentation”[MeSH Terms] OR “models, animal”[MeSH Terms] OR “invertebrates”[MeSH Terms] OR “Animals”[Mesh:noexp] OR “animal population groups”[MeSH Terms] OR animals[tiab] OR animal[tiab] OR mice[Tiab] OR mus[Tiab] OR mouse[Tiab] OR murine[Tiab] OR woodmouse[tiab] OR rats[Tiab] OR rat[Tiab] OR murinae[Tiab] OR muridae[Tiab])

(2) Embase will be searched using the following combination of Subject Headings and relevant keywords in addition to an adapted SYRCLE Embase animal filter (Hoojiman et. al 2010).

(exp maternal nutrition/ OR maternal exposure/ OR exp prenatal exposure/ OR pregnancy/ OR progeny/ OR exp perinatal period/ OR lactation/ OR mother/ OR gestation period/ OR Maternal.tw. OR Gestat*.tw. OR In utero.tw. OR Pregnan*.tw. OR Offspring.tw. OR Prenatal.tw. OR Perinatal.tw. OR Lactat*.tw. OR Mother*.tw. OR Embryo*.tw. OR Intrauterine.tw. OR Pre-gestat*.tw. OR (Early adj 2 exposure).tw. OR Wean*.tw.) AND (sweetening agent/ OR nonnutritive sweetener/ OR Stevia rebaudiana/ OR steviol/ OR Stevia/ OR stevioside/ OR saccharin/ OR sucralose/ or aspartame/ OR acesulfame/ OR neotame/ OR sugar alcohol/ OR sorbitol/ OR mannitol plus sorbitol/ OR mannitol/ OR maltitol/ OR erythritol/ OR starch hydrolysate/ OR xylitol/ OR isomalt/ OR lactitol/ OR thaumatin/ OR non-nutritive sweeten*.tw. OR artificial* sweet*.tw. OR Stevia.tw. OR Steviol glycoside*.tw. OR Saccharin.tw. OR Sucralose.tw. OR Aspartame.tw. OR Acesulfame K.tw. OR Neotame.tw. OR Advantame.tw. OR Sugar alcohol*.tw. OR Sorbitol.tw. OR Mannitol.tw. OR Maltitol.tw OR Erythritol.tw. OR Hydrogenated starch hydrolysates.tw. OR HSH.tw. OR Xylitol.tw. OR Isomalt.tw. OR NNS.tw. OR Non-caloric sweet*.tw. OR Low calorie sweet*.tw. OR Lo calorie sweet*.tw. OR Natural sweet*.tw. OR Thaumatin.tw.) AND (Exp fetus development/ OR epigenetics/ OR fetus growth/ OR exp prenatal growth/ OR ecp ecological genetics/ OR exp perinatal development/ OR exp prenatal development/ OR development/ OR phenotypic plasticity/ OR F$etal development.tw. OR F$etal programming.tw. OR Epigenetic.tw. OR Offspring.tw. OR Phenotyp* programming.tw. OR Phenotyp* development.tw. OR Developmental programming.tw. OR Epigenetic inheritance.tw.) AND (exp animal experiment/ or exp animal model/ or exp experimental animal/ or exp transgenic animal/ or exp male animal/ or exp female animal/ or exp juvenile animal/ OR animal/ OR rodentia.tw. OR rodent.tw. OR rodents.tw. OR murinae.tw. OR mouse.tw. OR mice.tw. OR mus.tw. OR musculus.tw. OR murine.tw. OR woodmouse.tw. OR apodemus.tw. OR rat.tw. OR rats.tw. OR rattus.tw. OR norvegicus.tw.)

(3) Scopus and Web of Science will be searched using relevant keywords as seen below:

(maternal OR gestat* OR “In utero” OR inutero OR pregan* OR offspring OR prenatal OR perinatal OR lactat* OR mother* OR embryo* OR intrauterine OR “Pre-gestat*” OR “early exposure” OR “early life exposure” OR wean*) AND (“non-nutritive sweeten*” OR “artificial sweet*” OR Stevia OR “Steviol glycoside*” OR Saccharin OR Sucralose OR Aspartame OR “Acesulfame K” OR Neotame OR Advantame OR “Sugar alcohol*” OR Sorbitol OR Mannitol OR Maltitol OR Erythritol OR “Hydrogenated starch hydrolysates” OR “HSH” OR Xylitol OR Isomalt OR Lactitol OR “NNS” OR “non-caloric sweet*” OR “Low calorie sweet*” OR “Lo calorie sweet*” OR “Natural sweet*” OR Thaumatin) AND (“Fetal development” OR “Foetal programming” OR epigenetic OR offspring OR “Phenotyp* programming” OR “Phenotyp* development” OR “Developmental programming”) AND (rodentia OR rodent OR rodents OR murinae OR mouse OR mice OR mus OR musculus OR murine OR woodhouse OR apodemus OR rat OR rats OR rattus OR norvegicus OR “animal experiment” OR “animal model” OR “experimental animal” OR “transgenic animal” OR “male animal” OR “female animal” OR “juvenile animal” OR animal)