Metabolomics Identifies a Biomarker Revealing in Vivo Loss of Functional ß-Cell Mass
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Free Amino Acids in Human Amniotic Fluid. a Quantitative Study by Ion-Exchange Chromatography
Pediat. Res. 3: 1 13-120 (1969) Amino acids fetus amniotic fluid pregnancy Free Amino Acids in Human Amniotic Fluid. A Quantitative Study by Ion-Exchange Chromatography HARVEYL. LEVY[^^] and PAULP. MONTAG Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School; the Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Memorial Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and the Worcester Hahnemann Hospital, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA Extract Amniotic fluid was collected at inductive amniotomy or just prior to delivery following full-term uncomplicated pregnancies. Table I lists the means, ranges, and standard deviations for the concen- trations of amino acids obtained by ion-exchange chromatography of 16 specimens of amniotic fluid. Each specimen contained the following 22 amino acids: taurine, aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamine, proline, glutamic acid, citrulline, glycine, alanine, a-aminobutyric acid, valine, cystine, methionine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, ornithine, lysine, histidine, and arginine. In addition, tryptophan, which could not be detected by the ion-exchange chromatographic method employed, was found in each specimen by paper chromatography. The amino acids present in amniotic fluid were the same as those found in samples of maternal vein, umbilical artery, and umbilical vein serum (table 11). Comparisons were made in the concentrations of several amino acids among amniotic fluid, maternal serum, umbilical artery and vein serum, and perinatal urine (table 11).Taurine was present in considerably greater concentration in amniotic fluid than in maternal serum. This amino acid is also present in large quantities in umbilical artery and vein serum (table 11) and is by far the greatest single contributor to the total free amino acid pool in perinatal urine [I]. -
Ilamycin C Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Migration and Invasion In
Xie et al. Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2019) 12:60 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-019-0744-3 RESEARCH Open Access Ilamycin C induces apoptosis and inhibits migration and invasion in triple-negative breast cancer by suppressing IL-6/STAT3 pathway Qing Xie1†, Zhijie Yang2†, Xuanmei Huang1, Zikang Zhang1, Jiangbin Li1, Jianhua Ju2*, Hua Zhang1* and Junying Ma2* Abstract Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer with poor prognosis, and its treatment remains a challenge due to few targeted medicines and high risk of relapse, metastasis, and drug resistance. Thus, more effective drugs and new regimens for the therapy of TNBC are urgently needed. Ilamycins are a kind of cyclic peptides and produced by Streptomyces atratus and Streptomyces islandicus with effective anti-tuberculosis activity. Ilamycin C is a novel compound isolated from the deep South China Sea- derived Streptomyces atratus SCSIO ZH16 and exhibited a strong cytotoxic activity against several cancers including breast cancer cell line MCF7. However, the cytotoxic activity of Ilamycin C to TNBC cells and a detailed antitumor mechanism have not been reported. Methods: CCK-8 assays were used to examine cell viability and cytotoxic activity of Ilamycin C to TNBC, non-TNBC MCF7, and nonmalignant MCF10A cells. EdU assays and flow cytometry were performed to assess cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. Transwell migration and Matrigel invasion assays were utilized to assess the migratory and invading capacity of TNBC cells following the treatment of Ilamycin C. The expressions of proteins were detected by western blot. Results: In this study, we found that Ilamycin C has more preferential cytotoxicity in TNBC cells than non-TNBC MCF7 and nonmalignant MCF10A cells. -
The Relationship Between Citrulline Accumulation and Salt Tolerance During the Vegetative Growth of Melon (Cucumis Melo L.)
The relationship between citrulline accumulation and salt tolerance during the vegetative growth of melon (Cucumis melo L.) H.Y. Dasgan1, S. Kusvuran1, K. Abak1, L. Leport2, F. Larher2, A. Bouchereau2 1Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey 2Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Agrocampus Rennes, Rennes Cedex, France ABSTRACT Citrulline has been recently shown to behave as a novel compatible solute in the Citrullus lanatus (Cucurbitaceae) growing under desert conditions. In the present study we have investigated some aspects of the relationship which might occur in leaves of melon seedlings, also known to produce citrulline, between the capacity to accumulate this ureido amino acid and salt tolerance. With this end in view, salt-induced changes at the citrulline level have been compared in two melon genotypes exhibiting contrasted abilities to withstand the damaging effects of high salinity. Progressive salinization of the growing solution occurred at 23 days after sowing. The final 250 mmol/l external NaCl concentration was reached within 5 days and further maintained for 16 days. In response to this treatment, it was found that the citrulline amount increased in fully expanded leaves of both genotypes according to different ki- netics. The salt tolerant genotype Midyat was induced to accumulate citrulline 4 days before the salt sensitive Yuva and as a consequence the final amount of this amino acid was twice higher in the former than in the latter. Compa- red with citrulline, the free proline level was found to be relatively low and the changes induced in response to the salt treatment exhibited different trends according to the genotypes under study. -
Baicalin Promotes the Viability of Schwann Cells in Vitro by Regulating Neurotrophic Factors
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE 14: 507-514, 2017 Baicalin promotes the viability of Schwann cells in vitro by regulating neurotrophic factors WENPU ZUO1*, HUAYU WU2*, KUN ZHANG3,4, PEIZHEN LV3,4, FUBEN XU1,5, WEIZHE JIANG6, LI ZHENG1,5 and JINMIN ZHAO3-5 1Medical and Scientific Research Center;2 Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Premedical Sciences; 3Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University; 4Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University;5 Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Guangxi High School; 6Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China Received January 20, 2016; Accepted February 14, 2017 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4524 Abstract. The proliferation and migration of Schwann of baicalin exhibited the greatest cell viability and gene cells (SCs) are key events in the process of peripheral nerve expression of the studied neurotrophic factors. The present repair. This is required to promote the growth of SCs and is findings suggested that baicalin likely affects SCs metabo- a challenge during the treatment of peripheral nerve injury. lism, through modulating the expression of neurotrophic Baicalin is a natural herb‑derived flavonoid compound, which factors. To conclude, the present study indicates that baicalin has been reported to possess neuroprotective effects on rats may be potential therapeutic agent for treating peripheral with permanent brain ischemia and neuronal differentiation nerve regeneration. of neural stem cells. The association of baicalin with neuro- protection leads to the suggestion that baicalin may exert Introduction effects on the growth of SCs. -
The Antidepressant Effect of Testosterone an Effect Of
Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain Research 32 (2019) 104–110 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/npbr The antidepressant effect of testosterone: An effect of neuroplasticity? T ⁎ Andreas Walthera,b,c, , Joanna Marta Wasielewskad, Odette Leitere a Biological Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany b Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland c Task Force on Men’s Mental Health of the World Federation of the Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP), Germany d Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Germany e Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Background: Rodent and human studies indicate that testosterone has an antidepressant effect. The mechanisms Testosterone via which testosterone exerts its antidepressant effect, however, remain to be elucidated. Some studies assume Depression downstream effects of testosterone on sexual function and vitality followed by improvement of mood. Emerging Men evidence suggests that testosterone may be acting in the brain within depression-relevant areas, whereby eli- Neurogenesis citing direct antidepressant effects, potentially via neuroplasticity. Neuroplasticity Methods: Literature was searched focusing on testosterone treatment and depression and depression-like be- Antidepressant havior. Due to the unilateral clinical use of testosterone in men and the different modes of action of sex hor- mones in the central nervous system in men and women, predominantly studies on male populations were identified. Results: The two proposed mechanisms via which testosterone might act as antidepressant in the central nervous system are the support of neuroplasticity as well as the activation of the serotonin system. -
Bufadienolides from the Skin Secretions of the Neotropical Toad Rhinella Alata (Anura: Bufonidae): Antiprotozoal Activity Against Trypanosoma Cruzi
molecules Article Bufadienolides from the Skin Secretions of the Neotropical Toad Rhinella alata (Anura: Bufonidae): Antiprotozoal Activity against Trypanosoma cruzi Candelario Rodriguez 1,2,3 , Roberto Ibáñez 4 , Luis Mojica 5, Michelle Ng 6, Carmenza Spadafora 6 , Armando A. Durant-Archibold 1,3,* and Marcelino Gutiérrez 1,* 1 Centro de Biodiversidad y Descubrimiento de Drogas, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Apartado 0843-01103, Panama; [email protected] 2 Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur 522510, India 3 Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá, Apartado 0824-03366, Panama 4 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), Balboa, Ancon P.O. Box 0843-03092, Panama; [email protected] 5 Centro Nacional de Metrología de Panamá (CENAMEP AIP), Apartado 0843-01353, Panama; [email protected] 6 Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular de Enfermedades, INDICASAT AIP, Apartado 0843-01103, Panama; [email protected] (M.N.); [email protected] (C.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.A.D.-A.); [email protected] (M.G.) Abstract: Toads in the family Bufonidae contain bufadienolides in their venom, which are charac- Citation: Rodriguez, C.; Ibáñez, R.; terized by their chemical diversity and high pharmacological potential. American trypanosomiasis Mojica, L.; Ng, M.; Spadafora, C.; is a neglected disease that affects an estimated 8 million people in tropical and subtropical coun- Durant-Archibold, A.A.; Gutiérrez, M. tries. In this research, we investigated the chemical composition and antitrypanosomal activity Bufadienolides from the Skin of toad venom from Rhinella alata collected in Panama. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,381,189 B2 Green Et Al
US009381189B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,381,189 B2 Green et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jul. 5, 2016 (54) INGREDIENTS FOR INHALATION AND (56) References Cited METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (75) Inventors: Matthew Michael James Green, 4,582,265 A * 4/1986 Petronelli ....................... 241.95 Wiltshire (GB); Richard Michael Poole, 6,257,233 B1 7/2001 Burr et al. 2004/01 18007 A1* 6/2004 Chickering et al. ............ 34/360 Wiltshire (GB) 2006, O257491 A1* 11, 2006 Morton et al. ... 424/489 (73) Assignee: VECTURA LIMITED, Wiltshire (GB) 2008/0063719 A1 3/2008 Morton et al. ................ 424/489 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS patent is extended or adjusted under 35 EP O709086 A2 5, 1996 U.S.C. 154(b) by 641 days. EP 14981 16 A1 1, 2005 GB 2387781 A 10, 2003 JP 2005298.347 10/2005 (21) Appl. No.: 13/514,672 JP 200954.1393 11, 2009 JP 2012,542618 6, 2012 (22) PCT Fled: Dec. 8, 2010 WO 96.23485 A1 8, 1996 WO 9703649 A1 2, 1997 (86) PCT NO.: PCT/GB2O10/052053 WO O2OO197 A1 1, 2002 WO O243701 A2 6, 2002 S371 (c)(1), WO 2005105043 A2 11/2005 Aug. 20, 2012 WO 2007053904 A1 5/2007 (2), (4) Date: WO 2008.000482 1, 2008 (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2O11AO70361 WO 2009095684 A1 8, 2009 OTHER PUBLICATIONS PCT Pub. Date: Jun. 16, 2011 Brunauer et al. "Adsorption of Gases in Multimolecular Layers'. J. (65) Prior Publication Data Am. -
Index Vol. 12-15
353 INDEX VOL. 12-15 Die Stichworte des Sachregisters sind in der jeweiligen Sprache der einzelnen Beitrage aufgefiihrt. Les termes repris dans la Table des matieres sont donnes selon la langue dans laquelle l'ouvrage est ecrit. The references of the Subject Index are given in the language of the respective contribution. 14 AAG (Alpha-acid glycoprotein) 120 14 Adenosine 108 12 Abortion 151 12 Adenosine-phosphate 311 13 Abscisin 12, 46, 66 13 Adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate 148 14 Absorbierbarkeit 317 13 Adenosine triphosphate 358 14 Absorption 309, 350 15 S-Adenosylmethionine 261 13 Absorption of drugs 139 13 Adipaenin (Spasmolytin) 318 14 - 15 12 Adrenal atrophy 96 14 Absorptionsgeschwindigkeit 300, 306 14 - 163, 164 14 Absorptionsquote 324 13 Adrenal gland 362 14 ACAI (Anticorticocatabolic activity in 12 Adrenalin(e) 319 dex) 145 14 - 209, 210 12 Acalo 197 15 - 161 13 Aceclidine (3-Acetoxyquinuclidine) 307, 13 {i-Adrenergic blockers 119 308, 310, 311, 330, 332 13 Adrenergic-blocking activity 56 13 Acedapsone 193,195,197 14 O(-Adrenergic blocking drugs 36, 37, 43 13 Aceperone (Acetabutone) 121 14 {i-Adrenergic blocking drugs 38 12 Acepromazin (Plegizil) 200 14 Adrenergic drugs 90 15 Acetanilid 156 12 Adrenocorticosteroids 14, 30 15 Acetazolamide 219 12 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 13 Acetoacetyl-coenzyme A 258 16,30,155 12 Acetohexamide 16 14 - 149,153,163,165,167,171 15 1-Acetoxy-8-aminooctahydroindolizin 15 Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) 216 (Slaframin) 168 14 Adrenosterone 153 13 4-Acetoxy-1-azabicyclo(3, 2, 2)-nonane 12 Adreson 252 -
Thromboxane A2 Receptor Antagonist SQ29548 Attenuates SH‑SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cell Impairments Induced by Oxidative Stress
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOleCular meDICine 42: 479-488, 2018 Thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist SQ29548 attenuates SH‑SY5Y neuroblastoma cell impairments induced by oxidative stress GAOYU CAI1*, AIJUAN YAN2*, NINGZHEN FU3 and YI FU1 1Department of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025; 2Department of Neurology, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200082; 3Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Rui Jin College of Clinical Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China Received September 28, 2017; Accepted March 21, 2018 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3589 Abstract. Thromboxane A2 receptor (TXA2R) serves a vital SQ29548, an antagonist of TXA2R, improved the antioxidant role in numerous neurological disorders. Our previous study capacities of SH-SY5Y cells and reduced the cell apoptosis indicated that SQ29548, an antagonist of TXA2R, attenuated through the inhibition of MAPK pathways. the induced neuron damage in cerebral infarction animals; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Introduction Certain studies revealed a new role of TXA2R in the regula- tion of oxidative stress, which is one of the basic pathological Thromboxane A2 receptor (TXA2R), a member of the G processes in neurological disorders. Thus, the present study protein-coupled receptor family (1), is broadly distributed attempted to examine whether the inhibition of TXA2R with in platelets (2), as well as epithelial (3), smooth muscle (4), SQ29548 helped to protect the nerve cells against oxidative glial and nerve cells in the brain (5). TXA2R is regarded as a stress. SQ29548 was utilized as a TXA2R antagonist, and traditional coagulation and inflammation‑associated receptor, relevant assays were performed to detect the cell viability, which is also closely associated with neurological disorders. -
The Use of Plants in the Traditional Management of Diabetes in Nigeria: Pharmacological and Toxicological Considerations
Journal of Ethnopharmacology 155 (2014) 857–924 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Ethnopharmacology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jep Review The use of plants in the traditional management of diabetes in Nigeria: Pharmacological and toxicological considerations Udoamaka F. Ezuruike n, Jose M. Prieto 1 Center for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, WC1N 1AX London, United Kingdom article info abstract Article history: Ethnopharmacological relevance: The prevalence of diabetes is on a steady increase worldwide and it is Received 15 November 2013 now identified as one of the main threats to human health in the 21st century. In Nigeria, the use of Received in revised form herbal medicine alone or alongside prescription drugs for its management is quite common. We hereby 26 May 2014 carry out a review of medicinal plants traditionally used for diabetes management in Nigeria. Based on Accepted 26 May 2014 the available evidence on the species' pharmacology and safety, we highlight ways in which their Available online 12 June 2014 therapeutic potential can be properly harnessed for possible integration into the country's healthcare Keywords: system. Diabetes Materials and methods: Ethnobotanical information was obtained from a literature search of electronic Nigeria databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scopus up to 2013 for publications on medicinal plants Ethnopharmacology used in diabetes management, in which the place of use and/or sample collection was identified as Herb–drug interactions Nigeria. ‘Diabetes’ and ‘Nigeria’ were used as keywords for the primary searches; and then ‘Plant name – WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy accepted or synonyms’, ‘Constituents’, ‘Drug interaction’ and/or ‘Toxicity’ for the secondary searches. -
Centre for Reviews and Dissemination
Second-generation versus first-generation antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia: a meta- analysis Leucht S, Corves C, D Arbter, Engel R R, Li C, Davis J M CRD summary The authors concluded that amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine and risperidone can be effective in treating schizophrenia patients. Second-generation antipsychotic drugs can also result in fewer extrapyramidal side effects, but can induce weight gain. The authors' conclusions reflected the evidence presented, but some potential methodological flaws in the review process meant that the extent to which those conclusions were reliable was unclear. Authors' objectives To compare the effects of first and second-generation antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia patients. Searching The search for eligible studies was started in 2005, including MEDLINE to October 2006, Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Specialised Register and the US Food and Drugs Administration website. Search terms were reported and there were no language restrictions. Previous reviews were searched for additional relevant studies. Study selection Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of oral second-generation antipsychotic drugs (amisulpride, aripiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone and zotepine) compared with first-generation drugs in patients with schizophrenia or related disorders (schizoaffective, schizophreniform or delusional disorders) irrespective of diagnostic criteria were eligible for inclusion in the review. The optimum doses of second-generation drugs were selected -
The Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2019/20
Edinburgh Research Explorer THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20 Citation for published version: Cgtp Collaborators 2019, 'THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20: Transporters', British Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 176 Suppl 1, pp. S397-S493. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.14753 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1111/bph.14753 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: British Journal of Pharmacology General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 28. Sep. 2021 S.P.H. Alexander et al. The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20: Transporters. British Journal of Pharmacology (2019) 176, S397–S493 THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20: Transporters Stephen PH Alexander1 , Eamonn Kelly2, Alistair Mathie3 ,JohnAPeters4 , Emma L Veale3 , Jane F Armstrong5 , Elena Faccenda5 ,SimonDHarding5 ,AdamJPawson5 , Joanna L