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100 Treasures of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania

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100 Treasures of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania 100 Treasures of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania Estonia, of Treasures 100 100 Treasures of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania 1 This book is the joint initiative of and part of the cooperation between the National Heritage Board of the Republic of Estonia, the National Heritage Board of Republic of Latvia and the Department of Cultural Heritage under the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania. The book is inspired by the European Year of Cultural Heritage 2018, supported within the framework of a Joint Programme between the European Union and the Council of Europe “2018 European Heritage Days” and has received a grant from the State Culture Capital Foundation of Latvia. Authors of texts: Aistė Bimbirytė-Mackevičienė, Janis Zilgalvis, Siim Raie, Triin Reidla Translation: Kristjan Teder, Madli Kullaste, SIA SERRES, Visuomenės specialaus mokymo ir konsultavimo centras Editing: Carolin Pihlap, Janis Zilgalvis, Nijolė Bitinienė, Reelika Niit, Rita Mikelionytė, Triin Reidla Designer: Tuuli Aule Printed by: Tallinna Raamatutrükikoja OÜ, Laki 26, Tallinn, 12915 ISBN 978-9949-7293-0-2 (printed) ISBN 978-9949-7293-1-9 (pdf) Tallinn, 2018 100 Treasures of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania 2 3 This book is the joint initiative of and part of the cooperation between the National Heritage Board of the Republic of Estonia, the National Heritage Board of Republic of Latvia and the Department of Cultural Heritage under the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania. The book is inspired by the European Year of Cultural Heritage 2018, supported within the framework of a Joint Programme between the European Union and the Council of Europe “2018 European Heritage Days” and has received a grant from the State Culture Capital Foundation of Latvia. Authors of texts: Aistė Bimbirytė-Mackevičienė, Janis Zilgalvis, Siim Raie, Triin Reidla Translation: Kristjan Teder, Madli Kullaste, SIA SERRES, Visuomenės specialaus mokymo ir konsultavimo centras Editing: Carolin Pihlap, Janis Zilgalvis, Nijolė Bitinienė, Reelika Niit, Rita Mikelionytė, Triin Reidla Designer: Tuuli Aule Printed by: Tallinna Raamatutrükikoja OÜ, Laki 26, Tallinn, 12915 ISBN 978-9949-7293-0-2 (printed) ISBN 978-9949-7293-1-9 (pdf) Tallinn, 2018 100 Treasures of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania 2 3 100 TREASURES OF ESTONIA, LATVIA AND LITHUANIA EESTI, LÄTI JA LEEDU 100 AARET IGAUNIJAS, LATVIJAS UN LIETUVAS 100 DĀRGUMI 100 ESTIJOS, LATVIJOS IR LIETUVOS KULTŪROS PAVELDO VERTYBIŲ ‘What are the differences between the three Baltic countries?’, one Nereti nākas dzirdēt jautājumu: “Ar ko atšķiras trīs Baltijas valstis?”. often asks. Are there any? ‘Yes, of-course! Many!’ we all say and tell Vai tās vispār atšķiras? “Jā, protams, turklāt ar daudz ko”, mēs visi the strangers about our languages often spicing it up with a friendly sakām, stāstām ārzemniekiem par mūsu valodām un nobeigumā anecdote about peculiar national characteristics. Nevertheless, the iestarpinām kādu draudzīgu joku par kaimiņu rakstura īpatnībām. shared history and the common culture as well as neighbouring Tomēr kopīgā vēsture, kultūra un kaimiņvalstis, kuras mūs ir ietek- nations that have influenced us through centuries all override any mējušas, izlīdzina visas šīs atšķirības. 2018. gadā, kad tiek atzīmēts differences. The celebration of the European Year of Cultural Eiropas Kultūras mantojuma gads, kā arī Baltijas valstu simtgade Heritage in 2018 as well as the centennial jubilees of gaining inde- kopš neatkarības iegūšanas pēc Pirmā pasaules kara, mūsu valstu pendence after the 1st World War bring these similarities even more līdzības ir saskatāmas skaidrāk nekā jebkad agrāk. Kā ES un NATO to the surface. Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, now members of the dalībvalstis, Igaunija, Latvija un Lietuva vēl nekad nav bijušas tik cieši EU and NATO, have never before been so well-integrated with the integrētas gan pārējā pasaulē, gan savstarpēji. Kultūru apmaiņa pat- world and between themselves. Cultural exchange is at its peak and laban ir augstākajā punktā un kultūras mantojums ir visiem pieejams. the heritage is shared. The 99+1 sites and monuments in this book Visi šajā grāmatā aplūkotie 99+1 kultūras pieminekļi ir uzskatāmi par are all both national treasures and witnesses to our common past, nacionālajiem dārgumiem un ir arī liecinieki mūsu kopīgajai pagātnei, present and future. We have chosen them first and foremost to tagadnei un nākotnei. Tos atlasījām, lai atgādinātu ne tikai sev, ka remind ourselves that we need to know each other better and that mums vajadzētu labāk iepazīt vienam otru ar kultūras mantojuma cultural heritage is a an excellent tool to do so. But also we have starpniecību, bet arī viesiem, kuri apceļo mūsu zemes. Šīs vietas at- selected these sites for the visitors who are wandering around klāj mūsu vēsturi un identitāti. Vēsturiskie notikumi, kas tur risinājās, in our countries. These places reflect our history and our identity. ir izveidojuši mūs tādus, kādi esam tagad. Šī grāmata var kalpot gan Historic events that have taken place there, have made us who kā albums, gan kā ceļvedis. Tā izvedīs mūs cauri laikiem un Baltijai. we are today. The book can be used as an album and as a travel Pievienojies šajā ceļojumā! guide, guiding us through time and the Baltic space. Join us on this journey! Dažnai klausiama „Kuo skiriasi trys Baltijos šalys?“. Ar tarp jų apskri- tai yra koks nors skirtumas? O mes visi atsakome „Taip, žinoma, tarp Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania Estonia, „Millised on erinevused kolme Balti riigi vahel?” küsitakse sageli. jų yra daugybė skirtumų“, papasakojame nepažįstamiesiems apie Technologies Map: Sassenhof „Kas neid üldse on?” „Jah, muidugi! Neid on palju,” ütleme tavaliselt, mūsų kalbas ir neretai priduriame draugišką anekdotą apie tautinį ja räägime näiteks oma riikide erinevatest keeltest. Sinna juurde charakterį. Nepaisant to, mus sieja bendra istorija ir kultūra, bendri lisame sageli mõne heatahtliku nalja kas naabrite või meie endi mus formavę ir tebeformuojantys kaimynai. Šis bendrumas yra svar- rahvuslikest iseärasustest. Ometi muudavad meie ühine ajalugu ja besnis už visus skirtumus. Europos kultūros paveldo metai, šven- kultuur ning naaberrahvaste mõjutused need arvukad erinevused čiami ištisus 2018-uosius, taip pat nepriklausomybės atgavimo po tühisteks. Euroopa kultuuripärandiaasta algatused ning juubeli- Pirmojo pasaulinio karo šimtmečio jubiliejai dar labiau suartina visas pidustused, millega tähistame pärast Esimest maailmasõda tris tautas. Estija, Latvija ir Lietuva, būdamos ES ir NATO narėmis, saavutatud iseseisvuse 100. aastapäeva, toovad need sarnasused kaip niekada iki šiol stipriai įsiliejusios į pasaulio ir į viena kitos gy- 2018. aastal veelgi enam esile. Eesti, Läti ja Leedu, kes on praegu- venimą. Kultūriniai mainai pasiekė aukštumas, trys šalys sąmoningai seks ka Euroopa Liidu ning NATO liikmed, on maailmaga ja omavahel dalijasi bendru paveldu. Šioje knygoje pateikiamos „99+1“ vietovės tihedamalt seotud kui iial varem. Me jagame ka kultuuri ja pärandit ir objektai yra tiek nacionalinio lygmens turtai, tiek mūsų bendros vilkamalt kui iial varem. Selle raamatu kaante vahele jõudnud praeities, dabarties bei ateities liudininkai. Juos pasirinkome, kad 99+1 vaatamisväärsust ja monumenti on nii rahvuslikud aarded primintumėme sau ir svečiams, keliaujantiems po mūsų šalis, jog bū- kui ka meie ühise mineviku, oleviku ja tuleviku tunnistajad. Valisime tent per kultūros paveldą turime geriau pažinti vieni kitus. Šios vietos need ennekõike meile endile meeldetuletuseks, et tasub üksteist atspindi mūsų istoriją ir mūsų tapatybę. Jose įvykę istoriniai įvykiai paremini tundma õppida. Kultuuripärand on suurepärane tööriist, padarė mus tuo, kuo esame šiandien. Knygą galima naudoti ir kaip mille abil seda teha. Samuti sobivad raamatusse valitud paigad albumą, ir kaip kelionių vadovą, vedantį mus per laiką ir Baltijos uudistamiseks külalistele, kes siinkandis ringi uitavad. Need paigad erdvę. Prisijunkite prie mūsų šioje kelionėje! annavad aimu meie ajaloost ja identiteedist. Sündmused, mis on neis paigus toimunud, on teinud meist need, kes oleme täna. Raamatut võib kasutada kauni fotoalbumi või hoopis reisijuhina, mis näitab meile teed Baltimaade aegruumis. Tule meiega sellele rännakule! 4 EST – LV – LT 5 ESTONIA 6 EST 7 KAALI CRATER ◆ KAALI KRAATER 1 KĀLI KRĀTERIS ◆ KALIO KRATERIS Four centuries before the Common Era, the Ancient Greek seafarer Ceturtajā gadsimtā pirms mūsu ēras seno grieķu ceļotājs Pitejs Pytheas described a Far North island called Ultima Thule, a mythical savos apcerējumos piemin, ka tālu ziemeļos atrodas Ultima island at the edge of the world where barbarians showed him the Thule – noslēpumaina sala pašā pasaules malā, kur barbari viņam place where the Sun goes to sleep. This was, in all likelihood, the esot parādījuši vietu, kur saule iet gulēt. Ļoti iespējams, ka šī vieta Kaali Crater. The Kaali crater field on Saaremaa Island, consisting of bija Kāli meteorīta krāteris. Sāmsalā esošais Kāli krāteru lauks, kuru the main crater and eight smaller ones, is Estonia’s rarest natural veido viens galvenais krāteris un astoņi mazāki krāteri, ir Igaunijas heritage site. The Kaali Crater was formed upon a meteorite impact neparastākais dabas mantojuma objekts. Kāli krāteris ir izveido- a few thousand years ago. A meteorite weighing 20–80 tons hit the jies pirms vairākiem tūkstošiem gadu meteorīta trieciena ietekmē. ground at a velocity of 10–20 kilometres per second. The crater 20 līdz 80 tonnas smags meteorīts ietriecās zemē ar ātrumu 10 līdz measures
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