International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health ∫—≠™’ “°≈ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√®”·π° °“√∑”ß“π §«“¡æ‘°“√ ·≈– ÿ¢¿“æ

World Health Organization Geneva Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° ‡®π’«“ WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

International classification of functioning, disability and health : ICF.

1.Human development 2.Body constitution 3. Health status 4. Disability evaluation 5.Socioeconomic factors 6.Causality 7.Classification 8.Manuals I.Title: ICF

(ISBN 974-93325-2-0) (NLM classification: W 15)

© World Health Organization 2001

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ii ∫—≠™’√“¬™◊ËÕ ‘Ëßµ’æ‘¡æå¢ÕßÀâÕß ¡ÿ¥Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° ∫—≠™’ “°≈‡æ◊ËÕ°“√®”·π°°“√∑”ß“π§«“¡æ°“√·≈– ‘ ÿ¢¿“æ : ICF 1. °“√æ—≤π“∫ÿ§§≈ 2. ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ 3. ¿“«– ¢¿“æÿ 4. °“√ª√–‡¡‘𧫓¡æ‘°“√ 5. ªí®®—¬¥â“π‡»√…∞“π–∑“ß ß§¡— 6. §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“߇Àµÿ·≈–º≈ 7. °“√®—¥ª√–‡¿∑ 8. §Ÿà¡◊Õ I. ™◊ËÕÀπ—ß ◊Õ ICF (ISBN 974-93325-2-0) (NLM classification: W 15)

© Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° 2001 ¢Õ ß«π ‘∑∏‘Ï°“√µ’æ‘¡æå‡Õ° “√¢ÕßÕߧ°“√Õπ“¡å —¬‚≈°µ“¡‡°≥±å«‘∏’∑’Ë 2 Õπÿ —≠≠“≈‘¢ ‘∑∏‘Ï “°≈ Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°‰¡à‰¥â„À⧫“¡‡ÀÁπ«à“‡π◊ÈÕÀ“∑’Ë𔇠πÕ„π ‘Ëßæ‘¡æ凪ìπ ‘Ëß∑’Ë¥’∑’Ë ÿ¥ ·µà≈–ª√–‡∑» µâÕßæ‘®“√≥“𔉪„™â„Àâ‡À¡“– ¡ ∫√‘…—∑∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°√√¡ ‘∑∏‘Ï„π°“√º≈‘µ ‘Ëßæ‘¡æå ‰¥â√—∫ ‘∑∏‘χ©æ“–°“√æ‘¡æå ¡‘‰¥â√—∫ ‘∑∏‘摇»… (≈‘¢ ‘∑∏‘Ï) Õ◊Ëπ„¥ ¢âÕº‘¥æ≈“¥·≈–°“√≈–‡«âπ√«¡∑—Èß™◊ËÕ‡©æ“–¢Õߺ≈‘µ¿—≥±å (º≈º≈‘µ) ®–¢÷Èπµâπ¥â«¬Õ—°…√ µ—«æ‘¡æå„À≠à

∫—≠™’ “°≈‡æ◊ËÕ°“√®”·π°°“√∑”ß“π §«“¡æ°“√‘ ·≈– ÿ¢¿“æ : ICF (©∫—∫¿“…“‰∑¬) ®—¥æ‘¡æå‚¥¬ß∫ª√–¡“≥°√¡°“√·æ∑¬ å °√–∑√«ß “∏“≥ ÿ¢ ªï æ.». 2547

ii Contents

A. Introduction 1 1. Background 3 2. Aims of ICF 5 3. Properties of ICF 7 4. Overview of ICF components 10 5. Model of Functioning and Disability 18 6. Use of ICF 21

B. One-level classification 27

C. Two-level classification 32

D. Detailed classification with definitions 46

Body Functions 47 Body Structures 105 Activities and Participation 123 Environmental Factors 171

E. Annexes 209 1. Taxonomic and terminological issues 211 2. Guidelines for coding ICF 219 3. Possible uses of the Activities and Participation list 234 4. Case examples 239 5. ICF and people with disabilities 242 6. Ethical guidelines for use of ICF 244 7. Summary of the revision process 246 8. Future directions for the ICF 250 9. Suggested ICF data requirements for ideal and minimal 253 health information systems or surveys 10. Acknowledgements 254

F. Index 269

iii “√∫—≠

°. ∫∑π” 1 1. §«“¡‡ªìπ¡“ 3 2. ®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬¢Õß ICF 5 3. §ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘¢Õß ICF 7 4. Õߧåª√–°Õ∫‚¥¬ —߇¢ª¢Õß ICF 10 5. √Ÿª·∫∫¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ 18 6. °“√„™â ICF 21 ¢. ∫—≠™’°“√®”·π°Àπ÷Ëß√–¥—∫27

§. ∫—≠™’°“√®”·π° Õß√–¥—∫32

ß. ∫—≠™’°“√®”·π°„π√“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥æ√’ âÕ¡§”𑬓¡ 46 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à 47 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ 105 °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ 123 ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ 171 ®. ¿“§ºπ«° 209 1. À≈—°°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ·≈–°“√∫≠≠— —µ‘»—æ∑å 211 2. ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF 219 3. ‘Ëß∑’ËÕ“®π”¡“„™â‰¥â®“°√“¬°“√°®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡‘ ’ à«π√à«¡ 234 4. °√≥’µ—«Õ¬à“ß 239 5. ICF ·≈–§πæ‘°“√ 242 6. ®√‘¬∏√√¡„π°“√„™â ICF 244 7. √ÿª°√–∫«π°“√·°â‰¢ª√—∫ª√ÿß 246 8. ∑‘»∑“ß„πÕ𓧵¢Õß ICF 250 9. ¢âÕ·π–𔇰’ˬ«°—∫°“√„™â¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ICF ”À√∫√–∫∫¢— âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß 253 ÿ¢¿“æÕ¬à“߬àÕ ·≈–„πÕÿ¥¡§µ‘ À√◊Õ°“√ ”√«®µà“ßÊ 10. °‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“» 254 ©. ¥—™π’ 269

iii

∫∑π” Introduction ICF

3 ICF ∫∑π” 1. §«“¡‡ªìπ¡“

∫—≠™’ “°≈‡æ◊ËÕ°“√®”·π°°“√∑”ß“π§«“¡æ‘°“√·≈– ÿ¢¿“æ (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) À√◊Õ∑’ˇ√’¬°°—π«à“ ICF 1 ¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬À≈—° ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ 𔇠πÕ¿“…“¡“µ√“∞“π∑’Ë√«¡‰«â¥â«¬°—π ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß„π°“√Õ∏‘∫“¬ ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈– ∂“π– à«π ª√–°Õ∫∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ®–„Àâ§”π‘¬“¡Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–∫“ßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õß °“√Õ¬Ÿà¥’°‘π¥’∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ (‡™àπ °“√»÷°…“ ·≈–°“√∑”ß“π) ICF §√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡¢Õ∫‡¢µ ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–¢Õ∫‡¢µ à«πª√–°Õ∫∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ‚¥¬æ‘®“√≥“®“°√à“ß°“¬µ—«∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈– —ߧ¡„π 2 ª√–°“√ §◊Õ (1) °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß; ·≈– (2) °‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ 2 ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ICF ¡’°“√®—¥ °≈ÿà¡„π¢Õ∫‡¢µ (Domain)3 ∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß °—πµ“¡¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß·µà≈–∫ÿ§§≈ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ºŸâªÉ«¬ À√◊ÕºŸâ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘ “¡“√∂∑”Õ–‰√ ‰¥â∫â“ß) °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ¡’§«“¡À¡“¬∑’˧√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡ °“√∑”ß“π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡„π∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—𠧫“¡æ‘°“√ °Á¡’§«“¡À¡“¬§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∂÷ߧ«“¡ ∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ °“√®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–¢âÕ®”°—¥ „π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ πÕ°®“°π’È ICF ¬—ߪ√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ´÷Ëß¡’§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß°—∫ ¿“«–°√≥’µà“ßÊ ∑”„À⺟ℙ⠓¡“√∂∫—π∑÷° ‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ §«“¡æ‘°“√ ·≈– ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈„π¢Õ∫‡¢µµà“ßÊ ‰¥â ICF ‡ªìπ à«πÀπ÷ËߢÕß°≈ÿà¡«‘∏’°“√®”·π° “°≈∑’Ëæ—≤π“¢÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° (WHO) ‡æ◊ËÕ π”¡“„™â„π¥â“πµà“ßÊ ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ‚¥¬°”Àπ¥°√Õ∫°“√„ à√À— ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’˧√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∑“ߥâ“π ÿ¢¿“æ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√«‘π‘®©—¬, °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‡Àµÿº≈„π°“√√—∫∫√‘°“√¥â“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢) ‚¥¬„™â¿“…“ “¡—≠¡“µ√∞“π “°≈ “¡“√∂ ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬¥â“π°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢‰¥â∑—Ë«‚≈° °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ¢ÕßÕߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°„π ICD-10 (™◊ËÕ¬àÕ¢Õß International Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision ∫—≠™’®”·π°‚√§√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»©∫—∫·°â‰¢

1 ¡“®“°°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿß∫—≠™’ “°≈¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß §«“¡æ‘°“√ ·≈–§«“¡¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ (ICIDH) ´÷Ë߉¥âµ’ æ‘¡æ出¬·æ√à‡ªìπ°“√∑¥≈Õß ‚¥¬Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° ‡¡◊ËÕªï æ.».2523 À≈—ß®“°∑’ˉ¥âæ—≤π“ ·≈–∑¥≈Õß„™â„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë ·≈–ºà“π°“√ª√÷°…“ À“√◊Õ√à«¡°—π√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» „π√–¬–‡«≈“À⓪ï∑’˺à“π¡“ ®÷߉¥â√—∫°“√¬Õ¡√—∫„Àâ„™â„πª√–‡∑»µà“ßÊ ‚¥¬¡µ‘°“√ª√–™ÿ¡ ¢ÕßÕߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬ ‚≈°§√—Èß∑’ËÀâ“ ‘∫ ’Ë ‡¡◊ËÕ«—π∑’Ë 22 情¿“§¡ 2543 («“√–∑’Ë WHA54.21)

2 §”‡À≈à“π’Èπ”¡“„™â·∑𧔇¥‘¡∑’Ë«à“ ç§«“¡∫°æ√àÕßé, 秫“¡æ‘°“√é ·≈– 秫“¡¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂¿“æé ‡ªìπ°“√¢¬“¬¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õß°“√ ®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ‚¥¬„Àâ “¡“√∂π”ª√– ∫°“√≥å„π‡™‘ß∫«°¡“„™â„π°“√Õ∏‘∫“¬¥â«¬ „π∫∑π”π’È®–¡’°“√Õ∏‘∫“¬‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡∂÷ߧ”„À¡à‡À≈à“π’È ·≈–∫√√¬“¬Õ¬à“ß≈–‡Õ’¬¥„π°“√∫—≠™’®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ §”µà“ßÊ ¥—ß°≈à“«®–„™â„𧫓¡À¡“¬‡©æ“–¢Õß¡—π∑’Ë Õ“®®–·µ°µà“ß ‰ª®“°°“√„™â„π‡«≈“ª°µ‘ 3 ¢Õ∫‡¢µ®–À¡“¬∂÷ß™ÿ¥∑’Ë√–∫ÿ§«“¡À¡“¬·≈–‡À¡“–°—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π∑“ß √’√–«‘∑¬“∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ‚§√ß √â“ß∑“ß°“¬«‘¿“§ °“√°√–∑” ß“π À√◊Õ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“¢Õß™’«‘µ

3 Introduction ICF

4 ICF ∫∑π” §√—Èß∑’Ë 10) 4 ´÷Ëß®—¥°≈ÿࡵ“¡ “‡Àµÿ¢Õß‚√§ à«π ICF ®–®—¥°≈ÿࡵ“¡ °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§«“¡ æ‘°“√∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ ¥—ßπ—È𠧫√®–„™â∑—Èß ICD-10 ·≈– ICF √à«¡°—π5 ‡æ√“– ICD-10 „Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¥â“π°“√«‘π‘®©—¬‚√§ §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘ À√◊Õ¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ ‡¡◊ËÕπ”¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢Õß ICF ¥â“π°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¡“ª√–°Õ∫®–∑”„À≥â¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë ¡∫Ÿ√≥å¢÷Èπ6 ‡ªìπ¿“æ√«¡∑“ߥâ“π ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õª√–™“°√∑’˧√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡ ¡’√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥™—¥‡®π¡“°¢÷Èπ ·≈–‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√ µ¥ — π„®‘ °≈ÿà¡¢Õß∫—≠™’°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ √–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»¢ÕßÕߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ ”§—≠ „π°“√∑’Ë®– Õ∏‘∫“¬ ·≈–‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õߪ√–™“°√√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫Õ—µ√“ °“√µ“¬ („π ICD-10) ·≈–º≈≈—æ∏å¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ („π ICF) “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â√à«¡°—π„π°“√«—¥√–¥—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–„™â„π°“√µ‘¥µ“¡ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õߪ√–™“°√∑—Èߪ√–‡∑» πÕ°®“°π’Ȭ—ß “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â „π°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈∂÷ß “‡Àµÿ°“√µ“¬ ·≈–°“√‡°‘¥‚√§∑’Ë·µ°µà“߉¥â ICF ‰¥â‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß®“°°“√®”·π° çº≈®“°°“√‡°‘¥‚√§é (©∫—∫ªï 1980) ¡“‡ªìπ°“√®”·π° ç à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æé ´÷Ëß ç à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æé ™’È„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ß à«π ”§—≠µà“ßÊ ¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ „π¢≥–∑’Ë çº≈¢Õß°“√‡°‘¥‚√§é ®–‡πâπ∑’˺≈°√–∑∫∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°‚√§·≈– ¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æÕ◊ËπÊ ‡π◊ËÕß®“° ICF ®–‡ªìπ°≈“ß ‰¡à‡¢â“‰ª‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°“√»÷°…“À“ “‡Àµÿ ∫ÿ§§≈ Õߧπ∑’Ë‚√§‡¥’¬«°—π Õ“®®–¡’√–¥—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—πÀ√◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈ Õߧπ∑’Ë¡’√–¥—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ∑’ˇ∑à“‡∑’¬¡°—ππ—Èπ ‰¡à®”‡ªìπ∑’Ë®–µâÕß¡’ ¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ∑’ˇÀ¡◊Õπ°—π °“√„™â ICD-10 ·≈– ICF √à«¡ °—π ®÷߇ªìπ°“√‡æ‘Ë¡§ÿ≥¿“æ¢ÕߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√·æ∑¬å ©–π—Èπ°“√„™â ICF ‰¡à§«√¢â“¡ °√–∫«π°“√«‘π‘®©—¬‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª ¢Õß°“√‡°‘¥‚√§ ºŸâ«‘®—¬®– “¡“√∂À“¢âÕ √ÿª‰¥â‚¥¬„™â«‘∏’°“√∑“ß «‘∑¬“»“ µ√å∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡„π∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—π «‘∏’°“√π’È·µ°µà“ß®“°°“√„™â çµ—«°”Àπ¥∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æé À√◊Õ çªí®®—¬‡ ’ˬßé ‡æ◊ËÕ§«“¡ –¥«°„π°“√»÷°…“µ—«°”Àπ¥∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æÀ√◊Õªí®®—¬‡ ’Ë¬ß ®÷߉¥â√«¡ ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ß ¿“«–∑’Ëªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ëߥ”√ß™’«‘µÕ¬Ÿà‰«â¥â«¬

4 °Ø‡°≥±å¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß°“√„Àâ‚Õ°“ ∑’ˇ∑à“‡∑’¬¡°—π·°àºŸâæ‘°“√ ¡’¡µ‘√—∫„π∑’˪√–™ÿ¡∑—Ë«‰ª¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ Àª√–™“™“µ‘ §√—Èß∑’Ë 48 ‡¡◊ËÕ«—π∑’Ë 20 ∏—𫓧¡ §.».1993 (¡µ‘∑’Ë 48/96), 𑫬Õ√å§, NY, °Õß¢à“« “√ “∏“√≥– Õߧ尓√ Àª√–™“™“µ‘, 1994 5 ª√–‡¥Á𠔧—≠§◊Õ µâÕ߬ա√—∫«à“¡’§«“¡‡À≈◊ËÕ¡´âÕπ°—π√–À«à“ß ICD-10 ·≈– ICF ∫—≠™’®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑∑—Èß 2 ‡√‘Ë¡¥â«¬√–∫∫¢Õß√à“ß °“¬ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß Õâ“ßÕ‘ß ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬·≈–°“√∑”ß“π ´÷Ëߪ°µ‘·≈â«®–‡ªìπ à«π¢Õß°“√¥”‡π‘π¢Õß‚√§ ¥—ß∑’Ë„π ICD-10 √–∫ÿ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß (Õ“°“√·≈–Õ“°“√· ¥ß) ‡ªìπ à«πµà“ßÊ À≈“°À≈“¬∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥‚√§ À√◊Õ‡ªìπ‡Àµÿ„À⇢ⓡ“√—∫∫√‘°“√ ÿ¢¿“æ ”À√—∫ ICF ®–„™â§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß · ¥ßªí≠À“¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß·≈–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬‡°’ˬ«‡π◊ËÕß°—∫¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ 6 §π 2 §π∑’ˇªìπ‚√§‡¥’¬«°—π “¡“√∂∑”ß“π‰¥â·µ°µà“ß°—π ·≈–§π 2 §π∑’Ë∑”ß“π‰¥â‡∑à“°—π‰¡à®”‡ªìπµâÕß¡’¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ‡∑à“‡∑’¬¡°—π ¥—ßπ—Èπ ”À√—∫®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å °“√„™â√à«¡°—π®–™à«¬‡ √‘¡§ÿ≥¿“æ¢ÕߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈ ·µà‰¡à§«√≈–‡≈¬°√–∫«π°“√«‘π‘®©—¬‚√§ª°µ‘ πÕ° ‡Àπ◊Õ®“°π’È„π°“√„™â√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ Õ“®„™â ICF ‡æ’¬ßÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«‰¥â

4 Introduction ICF

5 ICF ∫∑π” 2. ®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬¢Õß ICF

ICF ‡ªìπ°“√®”·π°∑’ˉ¥âÕÕ°·∫∫‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π “¢“Õ“™’æµà“ßÊ °—π ‚¥¬¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬‚¥¬‡©æ“– √ÿª‰¥â¥—ßπ’È ë „ÀâÀ≈—°‡°≥±å¡“µ√∞“π‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√∑”§«“¡‡¢â“„® ·≈–»÷°…“∑“ߥâ“π ÿ¢¿“æ √«¡∑—Èß ¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß º≈≈—æ∏å ·≈–µ—«°”Àπ¥ ë ®—¥„Àâ¡’¿“…“∑’Ë®–„™â√à«¡°—π„π°“√Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ß ÿ¢¿“æ ¿“«–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π °“√ ◊ËÕ “√√–À«à“ߺŸâ„™âµà“ßÊ ‰¥â·°à ∫ÿ§≈“°√¥â“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, π—°«‘®—¬, π—°°”Àπ¥π‚¬∫“¬ ·≈–ª√–™“™π∑—Ë«‰ª √«¡∑—ÈߺŸâæ‘°“√ ë ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑», „π¥â“π«‘∏’°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ, °“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√·≈– √–¬–‡«≈“ ë ®—¥„Àâ¡’·ºπ°“√∫—π∑÷°√À— ∑’ˇªìπ√–∫∫ ”À√—∫ “√ π‡∑»¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬‡À≈à“π’ȇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß´÷Ëß°—π·≈–°—π ‡π◊ËÕß®“°§«“¡®”‡ªìπ·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√/°“√„™â ICF ∑”„Àâ¡’°“√®—¥∑”§«“¡À¡“¬·≈–√–∫∫∑’Ë “¡“√∂„™â‰¥â„π∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘ „π°“√«“ßπ‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ, °“√√—∫√Õߧÿ≥¿“æ, ·≈–°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈ —¡ƒ∑∏‘Ï „π«—≤π∏√√¡∑’˵à“ßÊ °—π 2.1 ª√–‚¬™πå¢Õß ICF

π—∫µ—Èß·µà∑’ˉ¥â¡’°“√®—¥æ‘¡æå©∫—∫∑¥≈Õß„πªï §.». 1980 ICIDH ‰¥â∂Ÿ°π”¡“„™â ”À√—∫ «—µ∂ÿª√– ߧåµà“ßÊ ¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ë ‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ - „π°“√‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡·≈–∫—π∑÷°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ„π°“√»÷°…“ °“√ ”√«®¥â“πª√–™“°√, À√◊Õ√–∫∫°“√®—¥°“√ “√ π‡∑»‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫√‘À“√) ë ‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√«‘®—¬ - ‡æ◊ËÕ«—¥º≈≈—æ∏å, §ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘µÀ√◊Õªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ë ‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ¥â“π°“√∫”∫—¥√—°…“ - ‡æ◊ËÕª√–‡¡‘𧫓¡µâÕß°“√, °“√‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫«‘∏’°“√√—°…“ „π‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑’Ë°”Àπ¥, °“√ª√–‡¡‘π∑“ߥâ“π«‘™“™’æ, °“√ª√–‡¡‘π°“√øóôπøŸ ¡√√∂¿“æ·≈– º≈≈—æ∏å ë ‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√«“ßπ‚¬∫“¬∑“ß —ߧ¡ - °“√«“ß·ºπª√–°—π —ߧ¡, √–∫∫°“√®à“¬§à“ ™¥‡™¬ °“√«“ßπ‚¬∫“¬ °“√π”π‚¬∫“¬‰ª Ÿà°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ ë ‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ¥â“π°“√»÷°…“ - ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√«“ßÀ≈—° Ÿµ√·≈–‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇰‘¥°“√√—∫√Ÿâ·≈–¡’ °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√∑“ß —ߧ¡ πÕ°®“° ICF ®–‡ªìπ°“√®”·π°¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈â« ¬—߉¥â¡’°“√𔉪 „™â„πß“π¥â“πÕ◊ËπÊ ¥â«¬ ‡™àπ °“√ª√–°—π¿—¬, °“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡, °“√∑”ß“π, °“√»÷°…“, ‡»√…∞°‘®, π‚¬∫“¬ —ߧ¡·≈–°“√æ—≤π“¥â“π𑵑∫—≠≠—µ‘∑—Ë«‰ª ·≈–°“√ª√—∫‡ª≈’ˬπ¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ICF ‰¥â√—∫ °“√¬Õ¡√—∫«à“‡ªìπÀπ’Ëß„π°“√®—¥®”·π°∑“ß —ߧ¡¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ Àª√–™“™“µ‘·≈–‰¥â√—∫°“√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß

5 Introduction ICF

6 ICF ∫∑π”

·≈–√«¡Õ¬Ÿà„π°Ø‡°≥±å¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß°“√„Àâ‚Õ°“ ∑’ˇ∑à“‡∑’¬¡°—π ·°àºŸâæ‘°“√7 ¥—ßπ—Èπ ICF ®÷߇ªì𠇧√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ ”À√—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡À≈—° ‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π “°≈·≈–„π°“√√à“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬¢Õß ª√–‡∑» ª√–‚¬™πå¢Õß ICF “¡“√∂𔉪„™âß“π‰¥â„πÀ≈“¬Ê ¥â“π µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ¥â“π°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡, °“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈¥â“π°“√∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ °“√ ”√«®¥â“πª√–™“°√∑—Èß„π√–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ, √–¥—∫™“µ‘·≈–√–¥—∫π“π“™“µ‘´÷Ëß ICF ¬—ß„Àâ°√Õ∫§«“¡§‘¥ ”À√—∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√∑’Ëπ”¡“„™â„π°“√ ¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ à«π∫ÿ§§≈, °“√ªÑÕß°—π, °“√ à߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ °“√ à߇ √‘¡°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ‚¥¬°“√¢®—¥ À√◊Õ≈¥°“√°’¥°—π∑“ß —ߧ¡·≈– à߇ √‘¡°“√ π—∫ πÿπ∑“ß —ߧ¡ πÕ°®“°π’È ¬—߇ªìπª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√ »÷°…“√–∫∫°“√„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ„π‡™‘ß¢Õß°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈ ·≈–°“√«“ßπ‚¬∫“¬

7 °Ø‡°≥±å¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß°“√„Àâ‚Õ°“ ∑’ˇ∑à“‡∑’¬¡°—π·°àºŸâæ‘°“√ ‰¥â√—∫°“√‡ÀÁπ™Õ∫„π ¡—™™“„À≠àÕߧ尓√ Àª√–™“™“µ‘ ¡—¬ª√–™ÿ¡∑’Ë 48 ‡¡◊ËÕ20∏—𫓧¡ §.». 1993 (¡µ‘ 48/96) 𑫬Õ√å°, NY, United Nations Department ”À√—∫ “√– π‡∑» “∏“√≥–, 1994

6 Introduction ICF

3. Properties of ICF

A classification should be clear about what it classifies: its universe, its scope, its units of classification, its organization, and how these elements are structured in terms of their relation to each other. The following sections explain these basic properties of ICF.

3.1 Universe of ICF

ICF encompasses all aspects of human health and some health-relevant components of well-being and describes them in terms of health domains and health-related domains. 8 The classification remains in the broad context of health and does not cover circumstances that are not health-related, such as those brought about by socioeconomic factors. For example, because of their race, gender, religion or other socioeconomic characteristics people may be restricted in their execution of a task in their current environment, but these are not health- related restrictions of participation as classified in ICF.

There is a widely held misunderstanding that ICF is only about people with disabilities; in fact, it is about all people. The health and health-related states associated with all health conditions can be described using ICF. In other words, ICF has universal application.9

3.2 Scope of ICF

ICF provides a description of situations with regard to human functioning and its restrictions and serves as a framework to organize this information. It structures the information in a meaningful, interrelated and easily accessible way.

ICF organizes information in two parts. Part 1 deals with Functioning and Disability, while Part 2 covers Contextual Factors. Each part has two components:

1. Components of Functioning and Disability

The Body component comprises two classifications, one for functions of body systems, and one for body structures. The chapters in both classifications are organized according to the body systems.

8 Examples of health domains include seeing, hearing, walking, learning and remembering, while examples of health-related domains include transportation, education and social interactions.

9 Bickenbach JE, Chatterji S, Badley EM, Üstün TB. Models of disablement, universalism and the ICIDH, Social Science and Medicine, 1999, 48:1173-1187.

7 ICF ∫∑π” 3. §ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘¢Õß ICF

°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑®–µâÕß¡’§«“¡™—¥‡®π„π ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”·π° ‰¥â·°à ¢Õ∫¢à“¬ß“π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥, ¢Õ∫‡¢µ°“√ ®—¥®”·π°, Àπ૬∑’Ë„™â„π°“√®”·π°, °“√®—¥√–‡∫’¬∫ ·≈–Õߧåª√–°Õ∫‡À≈à“π’È ¡’°“√‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß °—πÕ¬à“߉√ à«πµàÕ‰ªπ’È®–Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ߧÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘æ◊Èπ∞“π¢Õß ICF 3.1 ¢Õ∫¢à“¬ß“π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß ICF ICF §√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∑ÿ°¥â“π¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ¡πÿ…¬å·≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õߧ«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà ∑’Ë¥’∫“ßÕ¬à“ß ·≈–Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ß ‘Ë߇À≈à“π—Èπ„π à«π¢ÕߢÕ∫‡¢µ ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–¢Õ∫‡¢µ à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß °—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ8 °“√®—¥®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡„π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ·µà‰¡à§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡ ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’ˉ¡à ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ‡™àπ ªí®®—¬¥â“π‡»√…∞°‘® —ߧ¡ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ∫ÿ§§≈Õ“®®–∂Ÿ°®”°—¥‰¡à„Àâ ∑”ß“π∫“ßÕ¬à“ß„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π∑’ËÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà‡π◊ËÕß¡“®“°‡™◊ÈÕ™“µ‘, ‡æ», »“ π“ À√◊Õ≈—°…≥– ∑“߇»√…∞°‘® —ߧ¡π—ÈπÊ ·µà ‘Ëßµà“ßÊ ‡À≈à“π’È ‡ªìπ¢âÕ®”°—¥¢Õß°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡∑’ˉ¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ∑’ˉ¥â®”·π°‰«â„π ICF ¡’°“√‡¢â“„®º‘¥Õ¬à“ß·æ√àÀ≈“¬«à“ ICF ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕ߇©æ“–°—∫§πæ‘°“√ : „𧫓¡‡ªìπ®√‘ß·≈â« ICF ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§π∑ÿ°§π ∂“π– ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈– ∂“π–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ¡’§«“¡‡°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ´÷Ëß “¡“√∂Õ∏‘∫“¬‰¥â‚¥¬„™â ICF : Õ’°π—¬Àπ÷Ëß ICF “¡“√∂„™â‰¥â°—∫∑ÿ° ‘Ëß9 3.2 ¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õß ICF ICF °”À𥧔Õ∏‘∫“¬¢Õß ∂“π°“√≥å∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¡πÿ…¬å ·≈–¢âÕ®”°—¥ „™â‡ªìπµ—«°”Àπ¥°√Õ∫„π°“√®—¥√–‡∫’¬∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ ∑”„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√‡À≈à“π’ȉ¥â∂Ÿ°®—¥‰«â„π ≈—°…≥–∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬, ¡’§«“¡‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß´÷Ëß°—π·≈–°—π ·≈–ßà“¬µàÕ°“√§âπÀ“ ICF ®—¥√–∫∫¢ÕߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√‰«â‡ªìπ Õß à«π à«π∑’Ë 1 ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡√◊ËÕß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß √à“ß°“¬·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ „π¢≥–∑’Ë à«π∑’Ë 2 ®–§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ ´÷Ëß„π·µà≈– à«π®–·∫àß à«πª√–°Õ∫ÕÕ° Õß à«π ¥—ßπ’È 1. à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß √à“ß°“¬ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ Õß à«π à«π∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß §◊Õ√–∫∫°“√ ∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–Õ’° à«πÀπ÷Ëß §◊Õ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑µà“ßÊ „π°“√®”·π°¢Õß∑—Èß Õß ‰¥â®—¥µ“¡√–∫∫¢Õß√à“ß°“¬

8 µ—«Õ¬à“ߢÕߢÕ∫‡¢µ ÿ¢¿“æª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ, °“√‰¥â¬‘π, °“√‡¥‘π, °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ·≈–°“√®¥®” „π¢≥–∑’˵—«Õ¬à“ߢÕß ¢Õ∫‡¢µ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ À¡“¬√«¡∂÷ß °“√¢π àß, °“√»÷°…“ ·≈–°“√ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å„π —ߧ¡

9 Bickenback JE, Chatterji s, Badley EM, Üstün TB. ·∫∫Õ¬à“ߢÕß¿“«–∑ÿææ≈¿“æ “°≈π‘¬¡·≈– ICIDH, —ߧ¡»“ µ√å·≈–°“√ ·æ∑¬å, 1999, 48:1173-1187

7 Introduction ICF

The Activities and Participation component covers the complete range of domains denoting aspects of functioning from both an individual and a societal perspective.

2. Components of Contextual Factors

A list of Environmental Factors is the first component of Contextual Factors. Environmental factors have an impact on all components of functioning and disability and are organized in sequence from the individual’s most immediate environment to the general environment.

Personal Factors is also a component of Contextual Factors but they are not classified in ICF because of the large social and cultural variance associated with them.

The components of Functioning and Disability in Part 1 of ICF can be expressed in two ways. On the one hand, they can be used to indicate problems (e.g. impairment, activity limitation or participation restriction summarized under the umbrella term disability); on the other hand they can indicate nonproblematic (i.e. neutral) aspects of health and health-related states summarized under the umbrella term functioning).

These components of functioning and disability are interpreted by means of four separate but related constructs. These constructs are operationalized by using qualifiers. Body functions and structures can be interpreted by means of changes in physiological systems or in anatomical structures. For the Activities and Participation component, two constructs are available: capacity and performance (see section 4.2).

A person's functioning and disability is conceived as a dynamic interaction10 between health conditions (diseases, disorders, injuries, traumas, etc.) and contextual factors. As indicate above, Contextual Factors include both personal and environmental factors. ICF includes a comprehensive list of environmental factors as an essential component of the classification. Environmental factors interact with all the components of functioning and disability. The basic construct of the Environmental Factors component is the facilitating or hindering impact of features of the physical, social and attitudinal world.

3.3 Unit of classification

ICF classifies health and health-related states. The unit of classification is, therefore, categories within health and health-related domains. It is important to note, therefore, that in ICF persons are not the units of classification; that is, ICF does not classify people, but describes the situation of each person within an array of health or health-related domains. Moreover, the description is always made within the context of environmental and personal factors.

10 This interaction can be viewed as a process or a result depending on the user.

8 ICF ∫∑π” à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ §√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡¢Õ∫‡¢µ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ ∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë„π¡ÿ¡¡ÕߢÕßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈·≈–¡ÿ¡¡Õß∑“ß —ߧ¡ 2. à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õßªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ à«πª√–°Õ∫Õ¬à“ß·√°¢Õßªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ §◊Õªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ´÷Ëßªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡π’È ®–¡’º≈°√–∑∫µàÕ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ ‚¥¬∂Ÿ°®—¥≈”¥—∫®“° ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë„°≈âµ—«∑’Ë ÿ¥¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈‰ª®π∂÷ß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑—Ë«Ê ‰ª ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ‡ªìπ à«πª√–°Õ∫Àπ÷ËߢÕßªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ ·µà‰¡à‰¥â®—¥Õ¬Ÿà„π ICF ‡π◊ËÕß®“° §«“¡·µ°µà“ß∑“ß —ߧ¡·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡ ¡’§«“¡‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ªí®®—¬π’È à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√„π à«π∑’Ë 1 ¢Õß ICF “¡“√∂· ¥ß‰¥â Õß∑“ß „π∑“ß∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ߪí≠À“ (‡™àπ ¿“«–∫°æ√àÕß, °“√®”°—¥„π °“√∑”°‘®°√√¡À√◊Õ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ´÷Ëß √ÿªÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„µâ§«“¡§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡¢Õß §«“¡æ‘°“√) „πÕ’°∑“ß Àπ÷Ë߬—ß “¡“√∂∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß à«π¢Õß ¿“π– ÿ¢¿“æ À√◊Õ ∂“π–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß∑“ߥâ“π ÿ¢¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ ªí≠À“ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™à𠇪ìπ°≈“ß) ´÷Ë߉¥â √ÿª‰«â¿“¬„µâ§«“¡§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡¢Õß °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ Õ∏‘∫“¬‚¥¬°“√„™â 4 à«π∑’Ë·¬°°—π ·µà ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬‚¥¬ à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬‡À≈à“π’È¡’µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–, ‡ªìπµ—««—¥°“√ ∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ “¡“√∂Õ∏‘∫“¬‰¥â ‚¥¬°“√„™â§«“¡‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß∑“ß ¥â“π√–∫∫ √’√–«‘∑¬“ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߥâ“𰓬«‘¿“§ ”À√—∫ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß °‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ 2 à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬ §◊Õ §«“¡ “¡“√∂ ·≈– ¡√√∂¿“æ (¥ŸµÕπ∑’Ë 4.2) °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈®–¥Ÿ‰¥â®“°ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√à«¡10 √–À«à“ߪí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ (‚√§, §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘, °“√∫“¥‡®Á∫, ¡’∫“¥·º≈ œ≈œ) ·≈–ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡µ“¡∑’ˉ¥â°≈à“«‰«â ¢â“ßµâπ ªí®®—¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ®–√«¡∂÷ßªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈·≈–ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ICF ®–ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ √“¬°“√∑’Ë ”§—≠Õ¬à“ߧ√∫∂â«π¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ´÷Ëß∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπ à«πª√–°Õ∫∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ¢Õß°“√ ®”·π°Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¥â“πªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ®–¡’ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ à«πª√–°Õ∫ ¥â“π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß √à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ æ◊Èπ∞“π¢Õß à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬ à«πª√–°Õ∫ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‡ªìπº≈°√–∑∫∑’ˇ°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ À√◊Õ‡ªìπÕÿª √√§¢Õß≈—°…≥–¥â“𰓬¿“æ, —ߧ¡À√◊Õ∑—»π§µ‘ 3.3 Àπ૬∑’Ë„™â„π°“√®”·π° ICF ‡ªìπ°“√®”·π° ∂“π– ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈– ∂“π–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æÀπ૬∑’Ë„™â„π°“√®”·π°§◊Õ ª√–‡¿∑„π¢Õ∫‡¢µ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ‘Ëß ”§—≠∑’˧«√®–∑√“∫°Á§◊Õ ICF ¡‘‰¥â „™âµ—«∫ÿ§§≈‡ªìπÀπ૬„π°“√®”·π° π—Ëπ§◊Õ ICF ‰¡à‰¥â®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ·µà„™â„π°“√ Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ß ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß·µà≈–∫ÿ§§≈„π‡¢µ¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ À√◊Õ à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ πÕ°®“° π’È °“√Õ∏‘∫“¬¥—ß°≈à“«¬—ߧ”π÷ß∂÷ßªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡·≈–ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈

10 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏åπ’È “¡“√∂‡ªìπ°√–∫«π°“√À√◊Õº≈≈—æ∏å·≈â«·µàºŸâ„™â 8 Introduction ICF

3.4 Presentation of ICF

ICF is presented in two versions in order to meet the needs of different users for varying levels of detail.

The full version of ICF, as contained in this volume, provides classification at four levels of detail. These four levels can be aggregated into a higher-level classification system that includes all the domains at the second level. The two- level system is also available as a short version of ICF.

9 ICF ∫∑π” 3.4 °“√𔇠πÕ¢Õß ICF

ICF ‰¥â𔇠πÕ‡ªìπ 2 ·∫∫©∫—∫ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâµ√ßµ“¡§«“¡µâÕß°“√¢ÕߺŸâ„™â∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π ‚¥¬¡’§«“¡ ·µ°µà“ß°—π„π√–¥—∫¢Õß√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ICF ©∫—∫ ¡∫Ÿ√≥套ß∑’Ë∫√√®ÿÕ¬Ÿà„π‡≈à¡π’È ‰¥â®—¥°“√®”·π°√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡ªìπ 4 √–¥—∫ ´÷Ëß∑—Èß 4 √–¥—∫π’È “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–‰ª Ÿà√–∫∫°“√®”·π°„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë Ÿß¢÷Èπ∑’˧√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡¢Õ∫‡¢µ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß√–¥—∫∑’Ë Õß´÷Ëß√–∫∫°“√®—¥·∫∫ Õß√–¥—∫¡’Õ¬Ÿà„π ICF ©∫—∫ —Èπ

9 Introduction ICF

4. Overview of ICF components

DEFINITIONS11

In the context of health:

Body functions are the physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions).

Body structures are anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components.

Impairments are problems in body function or structure such as a significant deviation or loss.

Activity is the execution of a task or action by an individual.

Participation is involvement in a life situation.

Activity limitations are difficulties an individual may have in executing activities.

Participation restrictions are problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations.

Environmental factors make up the physical, social and attitudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives.

An overview of these concepts is given in Table 1; they are explained further in operational terms in section 5.1. As the table indicates: • ICF has two parts, each with two components: Part 1. Functioning and Disability (a) Body Functions and Structures (b) Activities and Participation Part 2. Contextual Factors (c) Environmental Factors (d) Personal Factors • Each component can be expressed in both positive and negative terms. • Each component consists of various domains and, within each domain, categories, which are the units of classification. Health and health-related states of an individual may be recorded by selecting the appropriate category

11 See also Annex 1, Taxonomic and Terminological Issues.

10 ICF ∫∑π” 4. Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õß ICF ‚¥¬ —߇¢ª §”®”°—¥§«“¡11 „π à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ (Body Functions) À¡“¬∂÷ß °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π √’√«‘∑¬“¢Õß√–∫∫ √à“ß°“¬ (√«¡∂÷ß°“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„®) ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ (Body Structure) À¡“¬∂÷ß à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑“ß°“¬«‘¿“§ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ à«π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–µà“ßÊ ·¢π ¢“ ·≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß·µà≈–Õ«—¬«–π—ÈπÊ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß (Impairment) À¡“¬∂÷ß Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π‰¡àª°µ‘ À√◊Õ°“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬¢Õß°“√ ∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬À√◊Õ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ °‘®°√√¡ (Activity) À¡“¬∂÷ß °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π À√◊Õ°“√°√–∑”¢Õß·µà≈–∫ÿ§§≈ °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ (Participation) À¡“¬∂÷ß §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√‡¢â“√à«¡°‘®°√√¡∑“ß —ߧ¡ ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ (Activity limitations) À¡“¬∂÷ß §«“¡¬“°≈”∫“°„π°“√∑” °‘®°√√¡¢Õß·µà≈–∫ÿ§§≈ Õÿª √√§„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ (Participation restrictions) À¡“¬∂÷ß ªí≠À“∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈ª√– ∫ „π°“√‡¢â“√à«¡°‘®°√√¡∑“ß —ߧ¡ ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ (Environmental factors) À¡“¬∂÷ß ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß°“¬¿“æ —ß§¡ ·≈–∑—»π§µ‘ ´÷Ëß∫ÿ§§≈¥”√ß™’«‘µ ·≈–¥”‡π‘π™’«‘µÕ¬Ÿà ¿“æ√«¡¢Õß·π«§‘¥π’È · ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπÕ¬Ÿà„πµ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 : ·≈–∫√√¬“¬‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡Õ’°„π‡™‘ßªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π„π à«π∑’Ë 5.1 µ“¡∑’Ë√–∫ÿ‰«â„πµ“√“ß: ë ICF ·∫àßÕÕ°‡ªìπ Õß à«π „π·µà≈– à«π®–¡’ à«πª√–°Õ∫ 2 à«π à«π∑’Ë 1 °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ (a) °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ (b) °‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ à«π∑’Ë 2 ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ (c) ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ (d) ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ë à«πª√–°Õ∫·µà≈– à«π “¡“√∂Õ∏‘∫“¬‰¥â∑—È߇™‘ß∫«°·≈–‡™‘ß≈∫ ë à«πª√–°Õ∫·µà≈– à«π ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬¢Õ∫‡¢µµà“ßÊ ´÷Ëß„π·µà≈–¢Õ∫‡¢µÀ√◊Õ·µà≈– ª√–‡¿∑®–ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬Àπ૬∑’Ë„™â„π°“√®”·π° ∂“π– ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈– ∂“π–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈®–∂Ÿ°∫—π∑÷°≈”¥—∫™—Èπ‚¥¬°“√‡≈◊Õ°√À— ª√–‡¿∑À√◊Õ√À— ∑’Ë

11 ¥Ÿ¿“§ºπ«° 1 À≈—°°“√·∫àß·¬°ª√–‡¿∑·≈–§”®”°—¥§«“¡ 10 Introduction ICF

code or codes and then adding qualifiers, which are numeric codes that specify the extent or the magnitude of the functioning or disability in that category, or the extent to which an environmental factor is a facilitator or barrier.

Table 1. An overview of ICF

Part 1: Functioning and Disability Part 2: Contextual Factors

Components Body Functions Activities and Environmental Personal Factors and Structures Participation Factors

Body functions External influences Internal influences on Life areas Domains Body structures on functioning and functioning and (tasks, actions) disability disability

Change in body Capacity Facilitating or functions Executing tasks in a hindering impact of (physiological) standard environment features of the Impact of attributes of Constructs physical, social, and the person Change in body Performance attitudinal world structures Executing tasks in the (anatomical) current environment

Functional and Activities Positive aspect structural integrity Participation Facilitators not applicable Functioning

Impairment Activity limitation Participation Negative aspect Barriers / hindrances not applicable restriction Disability

11 ICF ∫∑π” ‡À¡“– ¡·≈â«®÷߇æ‘Ë¡µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥– ´÷Ë߇ªìπ√À— µ—«‡≈¢∑’Ë√–∫ÿ∂÷ߢÕ∫‡¢µÀ√◊Õ§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬À√◊Õ§«“¡æ‘°“√„πª√–‡¿∑π—ÈπÀ√◊Õ¢Õ∫‡¢µªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’ˇªìπ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπÀ√◊ÕÕÿª √√§ µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 ¿“æ√«¡¢Õß ICF

à«π∑’Ë 1 °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ à«π∑’Ë 2 ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡

°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °‘®°√√¡ à«πª√–°Õ∫ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡  ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈

Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¿“¬πÕ°∑’Ë¡’º≈ Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¿“¬„π∑’Ë¡’º≈ ¢Õ∫‡¢µ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ª√–‡¥Áπ¢Õß™’«‘µ µàÕ°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ µàÕ°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ (ß“π, °“√°√–∑”) ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√

°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß°“√ ∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ §«“¡ “¡“√∂°“√∑”ß“π º≈°√–∑∫∑’ˇªìπ°“√ (¥â“π √’√«‘∑¬“) „π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¡“µ√∞“π ‡°◊ÈÕÀπÿπÀ√◊Õ‡ªìπ à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬ Õÿª √√§¢Õß≈—°…≥– º≈°√–∑∫®“°≈—°…≥– °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß‚§√ß ¡√√∂¿“æ„π°“√∑”ß“π ¥â“𰓬«‘¿“§ —ߧ¡ ¢Õßµ—«∫ÿ§§≈ √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ „π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ªí®®ÿ∫—π ·≈–∑—»π§µ‘ (¥â“𰓬«‘¿“§) §«“¡ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π °‘®°√√¡ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √“ßâ °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ≈—°…≥–‡™‘ß∫«° ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬

§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß °“√®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ ≈—°…≥–‡™‘ß≈∫ ·≈–¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ Õÿª √√§/ ‘Ëß°’¥¢«“ß ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß §«“¡æ‘°“√

11 Introduction ICF

4.1 Body Functions and Structures and impairments

Definitions: Body functions are the physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions). Body structures are anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components. Impairments are problems in body function or structure as a significant deviation or loss. (1) Body functions and body structures are classified in two different sections. These two classifications are designed for use in parallel. For example, body functions include basic human senses such as “seeing functions” and their structural correlates exist in the form of “eye and related structures”. (2) “Body” refers to the human organism as a whole; hence it includes the brain and its functions, i.e. the mind. Mental (or psychological) functions are therefore subsumed under body functions. (3) Body functions and structures are classified according to body systems; consequently, body structures are not considered as organs.12 (4) Impairments of structure can involve an anomaly, defect, loss or other significant deviation in body structures. Impairments have been conceptualized in congruence with biological knowledge at the level of tissues or cells and at the subcellular or molecular level. For practical reasons, however, these levels are not listed.13 The biological foundations of impairments have guided the classification and there may be room for expanding the classification at the cellular or molecular levels. For medical users, it should be noted that impairments are not the same as the underlying pathology, but are the manifestations of that pathology. (5) Impairments represent a deviation from certain generally accepted population standards in the biomedical status of the body and its functions, and definition of their constituents is undertaken primarily by those qualified to judge physical and mental functioning according to these standards. (6) Impairments can be temporary or permanent; progressive, regressive or static; intermittent or continuous. The deviation from the population norm may be slight or severe and may fluctuate over time. These characteristics are captured in further descriptions, mainly in the codes, by means of qualifiers after the point.

12 Although organ level was mentioned in the 1980 version of ICIDH, the definition of an “organ” is not clear. The eye and ear are traditionally considered as organs; however, it is difficult to identify and define their boundaries, and the same is true of extremities and internal organs. Instead of an approach by “organ”, which implies the existence of an entity or unit within the body, ICF replaces this term with “body structure”.

13 Thus impairments coded using the full version of ICF should be detectable or noticeable by others or the person concerned by direct observation or by inference from observation.

12 ICF ∫∑π” 4.1 °“√∑”ß“π ‚§√ß √â“ß ·≈–§«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ §”®”°—¥§«“¡ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ À¡“¬∂÷ß °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π √’√«‘∑¬“¢Õß√–∫∫¢Õß √à“ß°“¬ (√«¡∂÷ß°“√∑”ß“π∑“ߥâ“𮑵„®¥â«¬) ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ À¡“¬∂÷ß à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑“ß°“¬«‘¿“§µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ Õ«—¬«–µà“ßÊ, ·¢π¢“ ·≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß·µà≈–Õ«—¬«–π—ÈπÊ ¿“«–∫°æ√àÕß ‡ªìπªí≠À“¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ À√◊Õ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß √à“ß°“¬ ‡™àπ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¡àª°µ‘ À√◊Õ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬°“√∑”ß“π (1) °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬®”·π°ÕÕ°‡ªìπ Õß à«π∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π ´÷Ëß ‰¥âÕÕ°·∫∫„Àâ„™â∑—Èß Õß à«π§«∫§Ÿà°—π‰ª µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬√«¡∂÷ߪ√– “∑ —¡º— æ◊Èπ∞“π¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å ‡™àπ ç°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπé ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—π §◊Õ çµ“ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕßé (2) ç√à“ß°“¬é À¡“¬∂÷ß Õ«—¬«–∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å √«¡∂÷ß ¡Õß ·≈–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß ¡Õß ‡™à𠧫“¡§‘¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ (À√◊Õ®‘µ«‘∑¬“) ®÷ß∂Ÿ°√«¡‰«â¿“¬„µâ°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ (3) °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬‰¥â®”·π°µ“¡√–∫∫¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ®÷ß ‰¡à‰¥âæ‘®“√≥“‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬„π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇªìπÕ«—¬«–12 (4) §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß‚§√ß √â“߇°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘, §«“¡‰¡à ¡∫Ÿ√≥å, °“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬ À√◊Õ °“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫πÕ¬à“ß™—¥‡®π¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß√à“ß°“¬ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß¡’·π«§‘¥ Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫ §«“¡ √Ÿâ∑“ß™’««‘∑¬“„π√–¥—∫‡π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕÀ√◊Õ‡´≈≈å ·≈–√–¥—∫ à«π∑’ˇ≈Á°°«à“‡´≈≈å À√◊Õ‚¡‡≈°ÿ≈ ”À√—∫ ‡Àµÿº≈„π∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘√–¥—∫‡À≈à“π’ȉ¡à‰¥â¡’°“√·®°·®ß√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥13 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß„πæ◊Èπ∞“π ∑“ß™’««‘∑¬“‡ªìπ·π«∑“ß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ·≈–¬—߇ªî¥‚Õ°“ „À⢬“¬°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ‰ª Ÿà√–¥—∫‡´≈≈å À√◊Õ‚¡‡≈°ÿ≈ ”À√—∫ºŸâ„™â∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å§«√ —߇°µ«à“ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß„π∑’Ëπ’È ·µ°µà“ß®“°§«“¡À¡“¬∑“ß欓∏‘«‘∑¬“ ·µà‡ªìπ°“√· ¥ßº≈¢Õß欓∏‘«‘∑¬“ (5) §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß· ¥ß∂÷ß°“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫π‰ª®“°∫ÿ§§≈∑—Ë«‰ªµ“¡¡“µ√∞“π∑“ß ∂“π–¿“æ¢Õß°“√ ·æ∑¬å™’«¿“æ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§”®”°—¥§«“¡¢Õß à«πª√–°Õ∫ ‡À≈à“π—Èπ ®–∂Ÿ°æ‘®“√≥“®“°§ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–®‘µ„®‡ªìπ ‡∫Õßµ◊È πâ (6) §«“¡∫°æ√àÕßÕ“®®–¡’ ¿“æ™—Ë«§√“«À√◊Õ∂“«√, ‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ ≈¥≈ßÀ√◊Õ§ß∑’Ë : ‡ªìπ√–¬– À√◊ÕµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß °“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫π‰ª®“°ª√–™“°√ª°µ‘Õ“®®–‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ À√◊Õ√ÿπ·√ß ·≈–Õ“®®– ‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈߉ªµ“¡√–¬–‡«≈“ ≈—°…≥–‡À≈à“π’È®–π”¡“Õ∏‘∫“¬µàÕ‰ª à«π„À≠à„π≈—°…≥–¢Õß √À— ‚¥¬„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë„ à‰«âÀ≈—ß®ÿ¥

12 ·¡â«à“®–‰¥â¡’°“√√–∫ÿ‡°’ˬ«°—∫Õ«—¬«–„π ICIDH ©∫—∫ªï∑’Ë 1980 §”®”°—¥§«“¡¢Õߧ”«à“ çÕ«—¬«–é π—Èπ°Á¬—߉¡à™—¥‡®π µ“ ·≈– ÀŸ ‚¥¬ ®“√’µ∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπÕ«—¬«– Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ ‡ªìπ°“√¬“°∑’Ë®–®”°—¥¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–·µà≈– à«π ‡ªìπµâπ«à“ Õ«—¬«– à«πª≈“¬µà“ßÊ À√◊ÕÕ«—¬«– ¿“¬„π√à“ß°“¬ ·∑π∑’Ë®–„™â·π«§‘¥∑’Ë°”Àπ¥„Àâ çÕ«—¬«–é ‡ªìπ à«πÀπ÷ËßÀ√◊ÕÀπ૬Àπ÷Ëß„π√à“ß°“¬ ICF ®÷߉¥â‡ª≈’Ë¬π§”‡À≈à“π’È„À⇪ìπ 炧√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬é

13 ¥—ßπ—Èπ°“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ∑’Ë„ à√À— ‰«â„π ICF ©∫—∫ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–‡ªìπ∑’Ë —߇°µ‰¥â®“°ºŸâ„™â∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕßÕ◊ËπÊ ‰¡à«à“®–‡°‘¥®“°°“√ —߇°µ‚¥¬µ√ß À√◊Õ‡°‘¥®“°°“√ª√–¡“≥°“√®“°°“√ —߇°µ

12 Introduction ICF

(7) Impairments are not contingent on etiology or how they are developed; for example, loss of vision or a limb may arise from a genetic abnormality or an injury. The presence of an impairment necessarily implies a cause; however, the cause may not be sufficient to explain the resulting impairment. Also, when there is an impairment, there is a dysfunction in body functions or structures, but this may be related to any of the various diseases, disorders or physiological states. (8) Impairments may be part or an expression of a health condition, but do not necessarily indicate that a disease is present or that the individual should be regarded as sick. (9) Impairments are broader and more inclusive in scope than disorders or diseases; for example, the loss of a leg is an impairment of body structure, but not a disorder or a disease. (10)Impairments may result in other impairments; for example, a lack of muscle power may impair movement functions, heart functions may relate to deficit in respiratory functions, and impaired perception may relate to thought functions. (11)Some categories of the Body Functions and Structures component and the ICD-10 categories seem to overlap, particularly with regard to symptoms and signs. However, the purposes of the two classifications are different. ICD-10 classifies symptoms in special chapters to document morbidity or service utilization, whereas ICF shows them as part of the body functions, which may be used for prevention or identifying patients’ needs. Most importantly, in ICF the Body Functions and Structures classification is intended to be used along with the Activities and Participation categories. (12)Impairments are classified in the appropriate categories using defined identification criteria (e.g. as present or absent according to a threshold level). These criteria are the same for body functions and structures. They are: (a) loss or lack; (b) reduction; (c) addition or excess; and (d) deviation. Once an impairment is present, it may be scaled in terms of its severity using the generic qualifier in the ICF. (13)Environmental factors interact with body functions, as in the interactions between air quality and breathing, light and seeing, sounds and hearing, distracting stimuli and attention, ground texture and balance, and ambient temperature and body temperature regulation.

13 ICF ∫∑π” (7) §«“¡∫°æ√àÕ߉¡à®”‡ªìπ∑’Ë®–µâÕß∑√“∫ “‡Àµÿ À√◊Õ°“√¥”‡π‘π¢ÕßÕ“°“√ : µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ À√◊Õ·¢π, ¢“ Õ“®®–‡°‘¥¡“®“°§«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘∑“ßæ—π∏ÿ°√√¡ À√◊Õ®“° °“√∫“¥‡®Á∫ °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ¬àÕ¡µâÕß¡’ “‡Àµÿ Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ µ—«¢Õß “‡Àµÿ‡Õß ‰¡à‡æ’¬ßæÕ∑’Ë ®–Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ߺ≈¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ πÕ°®“°§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß·≈â«®–¡’Õ“°“√‰¡àª°µ‘„π °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ À√◊Õ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ·µà ‘Ëßπ’ÈÕ“®®–‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‚√§µà“ßÊ §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘ ·≈– ¿“«–∑“ߥâ“π √’√«‘∑¬“ (8) §«“¡∫°æ√àÕßÕ“®®–‡ªìπ à«πÀπ÷Ëß À√◊Õ‡ªìπ°“√· ¥ß∂÷ß¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ ·µà‰¡à·πà‡ ¡Õ‰ª«à“®– ∫àß™’È∂÷ß‚√§∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà À√◊Õ‰¡à·πà‡ πÕ‰ª«à“ºŸâ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß®–µâÕ߇ªìπºŸâªÉ«¬ (9) §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߧ√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡¢Õ∫¢à“¬°«â“ß°«à“§«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘À√◊Õ‚√§ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬¢“ ¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß ‡ªì𧫓¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß‚§√ß √â“ß√à“ß°“¬ ·µà¡‘‰¥âº‘¥ª°µ‘À√◊Õ‡ªìπ‚√§ (10) §«“¡∫°æ√àÕßÕ¬à“ßÀπ÷ËßÕ“®®–𔉪 Ÿà§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß„π à«πÕ◊ËπÊ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ÕàÕπ·√ß ®–∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß„π°“√∑”ß“π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß À—«„® Õ“®®–‡°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫§«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘„π°“√∑”ß“π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°“√À“¬„® ·≈–§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ∑“ß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ Õ“®®–¡’º≈µàÕ°“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡§‘¥ (11) à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬∫“ߪ√–‡¿∑®–´È”´âÕπ°—∫ ICD-10 ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ“°“√ ·≈–Õ“°“√· ¥ß Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ ®ÿ¥ª√– ߧå¢Õß∫—≠™’®”·π°∑—Èß 2 π’È ·µ°µà“ß°—π ICD-10 „™âÕ∏‘∫“¬°“√‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬ À√◊Õ‡æ◊ËÕ„™âª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√ „π ¢≥–∑’Ë ICF · ¥ß„π à«π¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬´÷ËßÕ“®®–π”¡“„™â‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ªÑÕß°—π À√◊Õ ™’È∫Õ°∂÷ߧ«“¡µâÕß°“√¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬ ∑’Ë ”§—≠∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ „π ICF °“√®”·π°°“√∑”ß“π ¢Õß √à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬π—Èπ ¡’‰«â‡æ◊ËÕ„™â√à«¡°—∫ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß °‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ (12) §«“¡∫°æ√àÕ߉¥â∂Ÿ°®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑‰«âÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ ‚¥¬„™â‡°≥±å°“√∫àß™’È∑’Ë™—¥‡®π (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√¡’À√◊Õ‰¡à¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‚¥¬æ‘®“√≥“®“°√–¥—∫‡√‘Ë¡·√°) ‡°≥±å¥—ß°≈à“« ‡À¡◊Õπ°—∫‡°≥±å∑’Ë„™â ”À√—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ §◊Õ : (a) °“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬ À√◊Õ‰¡à¡’‡≈¬; (b) °“√≈¥≈ß; (c) °“√‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ à«π‡°‘π; ·≈– (d) °“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫π ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß®– “¡“√∂«—¥√–¥—∫§«“¡√ÿπ·√߉¥â‚¥¬„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–„π ICF (13) ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¡’ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√à«¡°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π°—∫ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å √–À«à“ߧÿ≥¿“æÕ“°“»°—∫°“√À“¬„® · ß·≈–°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ ‡ ’¬ß·≈–°“√‰¥â¬‘π ‘Ëß√∫°«π ·≈– ¡“∏‘ ≈—°…≥–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë ·≈–°“√∑√ßµ—« Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ ·≈–°“√ª√—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘¢Õß√à“ß°“¬

13 Introduction ICF

4.2 Activities and Participation /activity limitations and participation restrictions

Definitions: Activity is the execution of a task or action by an individual. Participation is involvement in a life situation. Activity limitations are difficulties an individual may have in executing activities. Participation restrictions are problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations. (1) The domains for the Activities and Participation component are given in a single list that covers the full range of life areas (from basic learning or watching to composite areas such as interpersonal interactions or employment). The component can be used to denote activities (a) or participation (p) or both. The domains of this component are qualified by the two qualifiers of performance and capacity. Hence the information gathered from the list provides a data matrix that has no overlap or redundancy (see Table 2).

Table 2. Activities and Participation: information matrix

Qualifiers Domains Performance Capacity

d1 Learning and applying knowledge d2 General tasks and demands d3 Communication d4 Mobility d5 Self-care d6 Domestic life d7 Interpersonal interactions and relationships d8 Major life areas d9 Community, social and civic life

14 ICF ∫∑π”

4.2 °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡/°“√®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡·≈– ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡

§”®”°—¥§«“¡ °‘®°√√¡ À¡“¬∂÷ß°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π À√◊Õ°“√°√–∑”¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ À¡“¬∂÷ß°“√‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ °“√®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ À¡“¬∂÷ß §«“¡≈”∫“°„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡¢Õß ªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ À¡“¬∂÷ߪí≠À“∑’Ëªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈Õ“®®–ª√– ∫ „π°“√¡’ à«π‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ

(1) ¢Õ∫‡¢µ ”À√—∫ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡∂Ÿ°®—¥‰«â‡ªìπ √“¬°“√‡¥’ˬ« ´÷Ëß §√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∂÷ߪ√–‡¥Áπ™’«‘µ (®“°°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π À√◊Õ°“√¡Õß à«πª√–°Õ∫Õ◊ËπÊ ‡™àπ ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ À√◊Õ°“√®â“ßß“π) à«πª√–°Õ∫‡À≈à“π’È “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â·∑π °‘®°√√¡ (a) À√◊Õ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ (p) À√◊Õ∑—Èß ÕßÕ¬à“ß à«πª√–°Õ∫π’È∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‚¥¬ µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥– 2 µ—«¢Õß ¡√√∂¿“æ ·≈–§«“¡ “¡“√∂ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√∑’ˉ¥â®“° √“¬°“√®–‡ªìπ·¡µ√‘°´å¢ÕߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˉ¡à‡À≈◊ËÕ¡≈È”´È”´âÕπ À√◊Õ‰¡à¢“¥µ°∫°æ√àÕß (¥Ÿµ“√“ß∑’Ë 2) µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ : ·¡µ√‘°´å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈

µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥– ¢Õ∫‡¢µ ¡√√∂¿“æ §«“¡ “¡“√∂ d1 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–°“√𔧫“¡√Ÿâ¡“„™â d2 °“√∑”ß“π‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª ·≈– §«“¡µâÕß°“√ d3 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ d4 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë d5 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß d6 ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ d7 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å d8 ª√–‡¥ÁπÀ≈—°¢Õß™’«‘µ d9 ™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π „π —ߧ¡ ·≈–„π∞“π– ∑’ˇªìπæ≈‡¡◊Õß

14 Introduction ICF

(2) The performance qualifier describes what an individual does in his or her current environment. Because the current environment includes a societal context, performance can also be understood as "involvement in a life situation" or "the lived experience" of people in the actual context in which they live.14 This context includes the environmental factors – all aspects of the physical, social and attitudinal world which can be coded using the Environmental Factors component. (3) The capacity qualifier describes an individual’s ability to execute a task or an action. This construct aims to indicate the highest probable level of functioning that a person may reach in a given domain at a given moment. To assess the full ability of the individual, one would need to have a “standardized” environment to neutralize the varying impact of different environments on the ability of the individual. This standardized environment may be: (a) an actual environment commonly used for capacity assessment in test settings; or (b) in cases where this is not possible, an assumed environment which can be thought to have a uniform impact. This environment can be called a “uniform” or “standard” environment. Thus, capacity reflects the environmentally adjusted ability of the individual. This adjustment has to be the same for all persons in all countries to allow for international comparisons. The features of the uniform or standard environment can be coded using the Environmental Factors classification. The gap between capacity and performance reflects the difference between the impacts of current and uniform environments, and thus provides a useful guide as to what can be done to the environment of the individual to improve performance. (4) Both capacity and performance qualifiers can further be used with and without assistive devices or personal assistance. While neither devices nor personal assistance eliminate the impairments, they may remove limitations on functioning in specific domains. This type of coding is particularly useful to identify how much the functioning of the individual would be limited without the assistive devices (see coding guidelines in Annex 2) (5) Difficulties or problems in these domains can arise when there is a qualitative or quantitative alteration in the way in which an individual carries out these domain functions. Limitations or restrictions are assessed against a generally accepted population standard. The standard or norm against which an individual’s capacity and performance is compared is that of an individual without a similar health condition (disease, disorder or injury, etc.). The limitation or restriction records the discordance between the observed and the expected performance. The expected performance is the population norm, which represents the experience of people without the specific health

14 The definition of “participation” brings in the concept of involvement. Some proposed definitions of “involvement” incorporate taking part, being included or engaged in an area of life, being accepted, or having access to needed resources. Within the information matrix in Table 2 the only possible indicator of participation is coding through performance. This does not mean that participation is automatically equated with performance. The concept of involvement should also be distinguished from the subjective experience of involvement (the sense of “belonging”). Users who wish to code involvement separately should refer to the coding guidelines in Annex 2.

15 ICF ∫∑π” (2) µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–¥â“π ¡√√∂¿“æ Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ß ‘Ëß∑’Ëªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈∑”„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π ‡π◊ËÕß®“° ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—πÀ¡“¬√«¡∂÷ß ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß —ߧ¡ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ¡√√∂¿“æ “¡“√∂‡¢â“„®‰¥â«à“‡ªìπ ç°“√‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µé À√◊Õ çª√– ∫°“√≥å¢Õß ™’«‘µé ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈„π ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ß∑’ˇ¢“„™â™’«‘µÕ¬14Ÿà ¿“«–¥—ß°≈à“«π’È À¡“¬√«¡∂÷ß ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑—Èß∑“ߥâ“𰓬¿“æ —ß§¡ ·≈–∑—»π§µ‘ ∑’Ë “¡“√∂„Àâ√À— ‚¥¬„™â à«π ª√–°Õ∫¢Õßªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ (3) µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–¥â“𠧫“¡ “¡“√∂ ‡ªìπ°“√Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ „π °“√∑”ß“π À√◊Õ°“√°√–∑”‚¥¬¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ß√–¥—∫ Ÿß ÿ¥¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë ∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈ “¡“√∂∑”‰¥â„π‡«≈“·≈–¢Õ∫‡¢µ∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ °“√ª√–‡¡‘π¢’¥§«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ®”‡ªìπ∑’Ë®–µâÕß¡’ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ç¡“µ√∞“πé ‡π◊ËÕß®“° ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’˵à“ß°—π ®–¡’º≈°√–∑∫ µàÕ§«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¡“µ√∞“ππ’ÈÕ“®®–‡ªìπ : (a) ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë·∑â ®√‘ß ”À√—∫°”Àπ¥°“√∑¥ Õ∫∑’Ë„™â°—πÕ¬Ÿà∑—Ë«‰ª„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘𧫓¡ “¡“√∂; À√◊Õ (b) ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡ ¡¡ÿµ‘∑’Ë¡’º≈°√–∑∫·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—π„π°√≥’∑’ˉ¡à “¡“√∂°√–∑”µ“¡·∫∫·√°‰¥â ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡π’È®–‡√’¬°«à“‡ªìπ ç ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—πé À√◊Õ ç ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¡“µ√∞“πé ¥—ßπ—È𠧫“¡ “¡“√∂„π∑’Ëπ’È®–‡ªì𧫓¡ “¡“√∂¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ „π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’ˉ¥â¡’°“√ ª√—∫ ¿“æ ´÷Ëß°“√ª√—∫ ¿“æπ’È®–µâÕ߇À¡◊Õπ°—π ”À√—∫∑ÿ°§π„π∑ÿ°ª√–‡∑» ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫ ‡∑’¬∫ √–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» ≈—°…≥–‡¥àπ¢Õß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—πÀ√◊Õ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¡“µ√∞“π “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–„Àâ√À— ‚¥¬„™âªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ™àÕß«à“ß√–À«à“ߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ ·≈– ¡√√∂¿“æ –∑âÕπ„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ߧ«“¡·µ°µà“ߢÕߺ≈°√–∑∫∑’ˇ°‘¥®“° ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π ·≈– ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—π ¥—ßπ—Èπ®÷߇ªìπ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∑’ˇªìπª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√®—¥‡µ√’¬¡ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡‡æ◊ËÕ ªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈„π°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿß ¡√√∂¿“æ¢Õ߇¢“ (4) µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Èߥâ“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ ·≈– ¡√√∂¿“æ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–𔉪„™âµàÕ ∑—Èß·∫∫∑’Ë ¡’ À√◊Õ‰¡à¡’Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«° À√◊ÕºŸâ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ¢≥–∑’Ë°“√¡’Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«° À√◊ÕºŸâ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ‰¡à‡ªìπ°“√∑”„À⧫“¡∫°æ√àÕßπ—ÈπÀ“¬‰ª ·µàÕ“®≈¥¢Õ∫‡¢µ ¢Õß °“√®”°—¥„π°“√∑”ß“π °“√≈ß√À— ·∫∫π’È®–‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πåÕ¬à“ß¡“° „π°“√∑’Ë®–∫àß™’È«à“°“√ ∑”ß“π ¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈®–∂Ÿ°®”°—¥¡“°πâÕ¬·§à‰Àπ À“°‰¡à¡’Õÿª°√≥å Õ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«° (¥Ÿ·π«∑“ß°“√≈ß√À— „π¿“§ºπ«° 2) (5) §«“¡≈”∫“° À√◊Õªí≠À“∑’Ë®–‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ„π¢Õ∫‡¢µπ’È §◊Õ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß„π‡™‘ß §ÿ≥¿“æ À√◊Õª√‘¡“≥¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π„π à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ¢âÕ®”°—¥ À√◊Õ ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”°—¥ ∂Ÿ°ª√–‡¡‘π ‰«â°—∫¡“µ√∞“π∑’ˇªìπ∑’ˬա√—∫°—π‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õߪ√–™“°√¡“µ√∞“π À√◊Õ ∫√√∑—¥∞“π ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√«—¥®–¥Ÿ∑’˧«“¡ “¡“√∂ ·≈– ¡√√∂π–¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈–‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’ ÿ¢¿“æµà“ß°—π (ªÉ«¬‡ªìπ‚√§, º‘¥ª°µ‘ À√◊Õ∫“¥‡®Á∫ œ≈œ) ¢âÕ®”°—¥ À√◊ÕÕÿª √√§®–∫—π∑÷° §«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß ¡√√∂π–∑’Ë —߇°µ‡ÀÁπ°—∫ ¡√√∂π–∑’˧“¥‰«â ¡√√∂π–∑’˧“¥‰«â‡ªìπ

14 §”®”°—¥§«“¡¢Õߧ”«à“ ç°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡é ∑”„À⇰‘¥·π«§‘¥¢Õß°“√‡°’ˬ«æ—π°“√𔇠πÕ §”®”°—¥§«“¡¢Õߧ”«à“ ç°“√‡°’ˬ«æ—πé À¡“¬∂÷ß °“√‡¢â“¡“¡’ à«π, ∂Ÿ°√«¡‡¢â“‰«â À√◊ժؑ∫—µ‘Àπâ“∑’Ë„π à«πÀπ÷ËߢÕß™’«‘µ, ‰¥â√—∫°“√¬Õ¡√—∫, À√◊Õ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–‡¢â“‰ªÀ“∑√—欓°√∑’Ë µâÕß°“√®“°º—ߢÕߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ „πµ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 π—Èπ µ—«∫àß™’ȵ—«‡¥’¬«∑’Ë “¡“√∂∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡π—Èπ Õ¬Ÿà„π√À— ¢Õß ¡√√∂π– ·µà°Á‰¡à ‰¥âÀ¡“¬§«“¡«à“°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡®–µâÕ߇∑à“°—∫ ¡√√∂𖠷𫧑¥¢Õß°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡µâÕß “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–·¬°ÕÕ°¡“®“°ª√– ∫°“√≥å ¢Õß°“√ ‡°’ˬ«æ—π∑’ˉ¡à “¡“√∂®—∫µâÕ߉¥â (§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡ªìπ‡®â“¢Õß, sense of çbelongingé) ºŸâ„™â∑’˵âÕß°“√®–·¬°°“√„ à√À— ¢Õß °“√‡°Ë¬«æ’ —𠧫√®–Õâ“ßÕ‘ß∂÷ß·π«∑“ß°“√„™â√À— ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 2

15 Introduction ICF

condition. The same norm is used in the capacity qualifier so that one can infer what can be done to the environment of the individual to enhance performance. (6) A problem with performance can result directly from the social environment, even when the individual has no impairment. For example, an individual who is HIV-positive without any symptoms or disease, or someone with a genetic predisposition to a certain disease, may exhibit no impairments or may have sufficient capacity to work, yet may not do so because of the denial of access to services, discrimination or stigma. (7) It is difficult to distinguish between "Activities" and "Participation" on the basis of the domains in the Activities and Participation component. Similarly, differentiating between “individual” and “societal” perspectives on the basis of domains has not been possible given international variation and differences in the approaches of professionals and theoretical frameworks. Therefore, ICF provides a single list that can be used, if users so wish, to differentiate activities and participation in their own operational ways. This is further explained in Annex 3. There are four possible ways of doing so: (a) to designate some domains as activities and others as participation, not allowing any overlap; (b) same as (a) above, but allowing partial overlap; (c) to designate all detailed domains as activities and the broad category headings as participation; (d) to use all domains as both activities and participation.

4.3 Contextual Factors

Contextual Factors represent the complete background of an individual’s life and living. They include two components: Environmental Factors and Personal Factors – which may have an impact on the individual with a health condition and that individual’s health and health-related states.

Environmental factors make up the physical, social and attitudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives. These factors are external to individuals and can have a positive or negative influence on the individual’s performance as a member of society, on the individual’s capacity to execute actions or tasks, or on the individual’s body function or structure. (1) Environmental factors are organized in the classification to focus on two different levels:

(a) Individual – in the immediate environment of the individual, including settings such as home, workplace and school. Included at this level are the physical and material features of the environment that an individual comes face to face with, as well as direct contact with others such as family, acquaintances, peers and strangers.

16 ICF ∫∑π” ∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑“ß —ߧ¡¢Õߪ√–™“°√∑’ˉ¥â®“°ª√– ∫°“√≥å ¢Õߧπ∑’ˉ¡à¡’ªí≠À“¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ‡©æ“–∫√√∑—¥∞“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«°—ππ”¡“„™â°—∫µ—«°”Àπ¥§à“∑“ߥâ“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ ´÷Ëß®–∑”„Àâ “¡“√∂¥Ÿ‰¥â«à“ §«√®—¥‡µ√’¬¡ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈π—ÈπÕ¬à“߉√ ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–‡æ‘Ë¡ ¡√√∂𖉥â (6) ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π– Õ“®®–‰¥â√—∫º≈°√–∑∫‚¥¬µ√ß®“° ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß —ߧ¡ ·¡â«à“ ∫ÿ§§≈§ππ—Èπ®–‰¡à¡’Õ“°“√¢Õß¿“«–∫°æ√àÕß µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’‡™◊ÈÕ HIV - positive ‚¥¬‰¡à· ¥ßÕ“°“√ À√◊Õ¡’‚√§„¥Ê À√◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’æ—π∏ÿ°√√¡∑’Ë¡’·π«‚πâ¡®–‡ªìπ‚√§·πàπÕπ Õ“®®–‰¡à¡’¿“«–∫°æ√àÕßÀ√◊Õ¡’§«“¡ “¡“√∂‡æ’¬ßæÕ∑’Ë®–∑”ß“π‰¥â ·µà‰¡à “¡“√∂∑’Ë®– ∑”ß“π‰¥â ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√ªØ‘‡ ∏∑’Ë®–‡¢â“√—∫°“√∫√‘°“√ °“√∂Ÿ°‡≈◊Õ°ªØ‘∫—µ‘ ·≈–°“√∂Ÿ°¥ŸÀ¡‘Ëπ (7) ‡ªìπ°“√¬“°∑’Ë®–·¬°§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß ç°‘®°√√¡é ·≈– ç°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡é ∫πæ◊Èπ∞“π ¢ÕߢÕ∫‡¢µ„π à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ „π∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—π °“√·¬° §«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß¡ÿ¡¡Õß ç∫ÿ§§≈é À√◊Õ ç ¿“«–·Ààß —ߧ¡é ∫πæ◊Èπ∞“π¢ÕߢÕ߇¢µ¥—ß °≈à“« ‰¡à “¡“√∂„À⧫“¡·µ°µà“ß À≈“°À≈“¬√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» ‚¥¬°“√„™â°√Õ∫¢Õß·π«§‘¥ ¥â“π«‘™“™’æ ·≈–∑ƒ…Æ’ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ICF ®÷ß®—¥‡µ√’¬¡√“¬°“√‡æ’¬ß√“¬°“√‡¥’¬«∑’Ë “¡“√∂®– „™â‰¥â À“°ºŸâ„™âµâÕß°“√∑’Ë®–·¬°·¬– °‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ÕÕ°¡“‡Õ߇æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡™‘ß ªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√¢Õßµπ‡Õß «‘∏’°“√π’È®–¡’ ∫√√¬“¬‰«â„π¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 3 ´÷Ëß¡’«‘∏’°“√∑’ËæÕ®–∑”‰¥âÕ¬Ÿà ’Ë∑“ߥ⫬°—π§◊Õ (a) „Àâ√–∫ÿ¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õß∫“ß à«π‡ªìπ°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–∫“ß à«π‡ªìπ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ‚¥¬‰¡à „Àâ¡’°“√´È”´âÕπ°—π (b) ∑”‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π°—∫¢âÕ (a) ·µà„Àâ¡’°“√´È”´âÕπ°—π„π∫“ß à«π; (c) „Àâ√–∫ÿ¢Õ∫‡¢µÕ¬à“ß≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢Õß°‘®°√√¡¢÷Èπ¡“·≈–®—¥À—«¢âÕÕ¬à“ß°«â“ߢÕß °“√¡ ’ «π√à «¡à (d) „Àâ„™â¢Õ∫‡¢µ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ‡ªìπ‰¥â∑—Èß°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ 4.3 ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡· ¥ß∂÷ß¿Ÿ¡‘À≈—ß∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß™’«‘µ ·≈–°“√¥”√ß™’«‘µ¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ´÷Ëßªí®®—¬ ·«¥≈âÕ¡¡’ à«πª√–°Õ∫ 2 Õ¬à“ߧ◊Õ ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ·≈–ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ´÷ËßÕ“®®–¡’º≈°√–∑∫ µàÕµ—«∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’ªí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–Õ“®®–¡’º≈°√–∑∫µàÕ ∂“π– ÿ¢¿“æ À√◊Õ ∂“π–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‰¥â·°à ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ߥâ“𰓬¿“æ —ß§¡ ·≈–∑—»π§µ‘∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈π—ÈπÕ“»—¬ ·≈–¥”√ß™’«‘µ ªí®®—¬‡À≈à“π—Èπ ®–‡ªìπ¢Õß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬πÕ°µ—«∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈– “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈„π·ßà ∫«° À√◊Õ„π·ßà≈∫µàÕ ¡√√∂π–¢Õßµ—«∫ÿ§§≈„π∞“π– ¡“™‘°§πÀπ÷ËߢÕß —ߧ¡ ¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ§«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈§ππ—Èπ „π°“√∑’Ë®–¡’°“√°√–∑” À√◊Õ°“√∑”ß“π À√◊ÕµàÕ°“√∑”ß“π À√◊Õ‚§√ß √â“ß ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈§ππ—Èπ (1) ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∂Ÿ°®—¥„Àâ®”·π°‡®“–®ß ‡πâπ„π Õß√–¥—∫§◊Õ (a) ªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ - À¡“¬∂÷ß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„°≈âµ—«¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ∂“π∑’Ë ‡™àπ ∫â“π, ∑’Ë∑”ß“π ·≈–‚√߇√’¬π ‘Ëß∑’Ë√«¡Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫π’ȧ◊Õ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ¥â“𰓬¿“æ·≈–«—µ∂ÿ∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈®–µâÕ߇º™‘≠‚¥¬µ√ß √«¡∑—Èß°“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—π ‚¥¬µ√ß°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ë𠇪ìπµâπ«à“ §√Õ∫§√—«, §π√Ÿâ®—°, ‡æ◊ËÕπ·≈–§π·ª≈°Àπâ“

16 Introduction ICF

(b) Societal – formal and informal social structures, services and overarching approaches or systems in the community or society that have an impact on individuals. This level includes organizations and services related to the work environment, community activities, government agencies, communication and transportation services, and informal social networks as well as laws, regulations, formal and informal rules, attitudes and ideologies. (2) Environmental factors interact with the components of Body Functions and Structures and Activities and Participation. For each component, the nature and extent of that interaction may be elaborated by future scientific work. Disability is characterized as the outcome or result of a complex relationship between an individual’s health condition and personal factors, and of the external factors that represent the circumstances in which the individual lives. Because of this relationship, different environments may have a very different impact on the same individual with a given health condition. An environment with barriers, or without facilitators, will restrict the individual’s performance; other environments that are more facilitating may increase that performance. Society may hinder an individual's performance because either it creates barriers (e.g. inaccessible buildings) or it does not provide facilitators (e.g. unavailability of assistive devices).

Personal factors are the particular background of an individual’s life and living, and comprise features of the individual that are not part of a health condition or health states. These factors may include gender, race, age, other health conditions, fitness, lifestyle, habits, upbringing, coping styles, social background, education, profession, past and current experience (past life events and concurrent events), overall behaviour pattern and character style, individual psychological assets and other characteristics, all or any of which may play a role in disability at any level. Personal factors are not classified in ICF. However, they are included in Fig. 1 to show their contribution, which may have an impact on the outcome of various interventions.

17 ICF ∫∑π” (b) ¿“«–·Ààß —ߧ¡ - À¡“¬∂÷ß ‚§√ß √â“ß∑“ß —ߧ¡∑—Èß∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ ∑“ß°“√, °“√∫√‘°“√ ·≈–·π«§‘¥µà“ßÊ À√◊Õ√–∫∫„π™ÿ¡™π À√◊Õ —ߧ¡∑’Ë¡’º≈ °√–∑∫µàÕµ—«ªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ „π√–¥—∫π’Ȫ√–°Õ∫¥â«¬Õߧå°√·≈–°“√∫√‘°“√∑’Ë ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„π°“√∑”ß“π, °‘®°√√¡¢Õß™ÿ¡™π, Àπ૬ߓπ¢Õß√—∞∫“≈, °“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√ °“√¢π àß ·≈–‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√„π —ߧ¡ ‡™àπ °ÆÀ¡“¬, °Æ‡°≥±å, °Æµà“ßÊ ∑—Èß∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ ∑—»π§µ‘ ·≈–§µ‘π‘¬¡ (2) ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ¡’ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß √à“ß°“¬ ·≈–°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡≈—°…≥– ·≈–¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õߪؑ —¡æ—π∏å ”À√—∫·µà≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫ Õ“®®–¡’°“√‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥‚¥¬°“√§âπ§«â“∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å„πÕ𓧵 §«“¡æ‘°“√‡ªìπ≈—°…≥–∑’ˇªìπº≈ À√◊Õ‡°‘¥¢’Èπ®“°§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ √–À«à“ß¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈–ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈√«¡∑—Èßªí®®—¬¿“¬πÕ° ´÷Ëß· ¥ß∂÷ß ¿“æ ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ëªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈Õ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà ®“°§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å„π≈—°…≥–π’È ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’˵à“ß°—π Õ“®®– àߺ≈°√–∑∫∑’˵à“ß°—π¡“° ”À√—∫ªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ‡À¡◊Õπ°—π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’ˇªìπ Õÿª √√§ À√◊Õª√“»®“° ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ®–®”°—¥ ¡√√∂¿“æ¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ à«π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë¡’°“√‡°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ¡“°°«à“ Õ“®®–‡æ‘Ë¡ ¡√√∂¿“æ¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ —ߧ¡Õ“®®–¢—¥ ¢«“ß ¡√√∂¿“æ¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ‡æ√“– —ߧ¡‰¥â √â“ß ‘Ëß∑’ˇªìπÕÿª √√§ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ Õ“§“√∑’ˉ¡à¡’°“√ √â“ßÀ√◊Õ®—¥‡µ√’¬¡ ∂“π∑’Ë∑’ËÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°„Àâ§πæ‘°“√) À√◊Õ‰¡à¡’°“√ ®—¥ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ„Àâ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ª√“»®“°Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°)

ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ‡ªìπ¿Ÿ¡‘À≈—ߢÕß™’«‘µ ·≈–°“√¥”√ß™’«‘µ¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈´÷Ëߪ√–°Õ∫¥â«¬≈—°…≥– ¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉ¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ À√◊Õ ∂“π– ÿ¢¿“æªí®®—¬‡À≈à“π’ÈÕ“®√«¡∂÷߇æ», ‡™◊ÈÕ™“µ‘, Õ“¬ÿ ¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æÕ◊ËπÊ, ÿ¢¿“æ∑’Ë ¡∫Ÿ√≥å, √Ÿª·∫∫°“√¥”‡π‘π™’«‘µ, Õÿªπ‘ —¬, °“√‡≈’ȬߥŸ √Ÿª·∫∫°“√‡º™‘≠·≈–®—¥°“√°—∫ªí≠À“, æ◊Èπ∞“π∑“ß —ߧ¡, °“√»÷°…“, Õ“™’æ, ª√– ∫°“√≥å„πÕ¥’µ ·≈–ªí®®ÿ∫—π (‡Àµÿ°“√≥å∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÕ¥’µ ·≈–ªí®®ÿ∫—π), ≈—°…≥–¢Õß惵‘°√√¡‚¥¬√«¡∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ, ≈—°…≥–∑“ß®‘µ«‘∑¬“¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈–≈—°…≥–Õ◊ËπÊ ´÷Ëß à«πÀπ÷ËßÀ√◊Õ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥π’ÈÕ“®®–¡’º≈µàÕ §«“¡æ‘°“√„π∫“ß√–¥—∫ ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈π’È¡‘‰¥â®”·π°‰«â„π ICF ·µà‰¥â· ¥ß‰«â„π¿“æ∑’Ë 1 ´÷Ëß · ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ߺ≈°√–∑∫∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ®“°º≈≈—æ∏å¢Õßªí®®—¬µà“ßÊ ∑’ˇ¢â“¡“‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß

17 Introduction ICF

5. Model of Functioning and Disability

5.1 Process of functioning and disability

As a classification, ICF does not model the “process” of functioning and disability. It can be used, however, to describe the process by providing the means to map the different constructs and domains. It provides a multi- perspective approach to the classification of functioning and disability as an interactive and evolutionary process. It provides the building blocks for users who wish to create models and study different aspects of this process. In this sense, ICF can be seen as a language: the texts that can be created with it depend on the users, their creativity and their scientific orientation. In order to visualize the current understanding of interaction of various components, the diagram presented in Fig. 1 may be helpful.15

Fig. 1. Interactions between the components of ICF

Health condition (disorder or disease)

Body Functions and Activities Participation Structures

Environmental Personal Factors Factors

15 ICF differs substantially from the 1980 version of ICIDH in the depiction of the interrelations between functioning and disability. It should be noted that any diagram is likely to be incomplete and prone to misrepresentation because of the complexity of interactions in a multidimensional model. The model is drawn to illustrate multiple interactions. Other depictions indicating other important foci in the process are certainly possible. Interpretations of interactions between different components and constructs may also vary (for example, the impact of environmental factors on body functions certainly differs from their impact on participation).

18 ICF ∫∑π” 5. √Ÿª·∫∫¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë °“√∑”ß“π ·≈– §«“¡æ‘°“√ 5.1 °√–∫«π°“√¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë °“√∑”ß“π ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ICF ¡‘‰¥â‡ªìπ°“√®—¥√Ÿª·∫∫¢Õß ç°√–∫«π°“√é ¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√·µà “¡“√∂π”¡“„™âÕ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ß°√–∫«π°“√‰¥â ‚¥¬„Àâ«‘∏’°“√®—¥ à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬ ·≈– ¢Õ∫‡¢µµà“ßÊ ·≈–„Àâ¡ÿ¡¡Õß∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬ „π°“√®”·π°°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ „π≈—°…≥–∑’Ë°√–∫«π°“√∑’Ë¡’ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å ·≈–«‘«—≤π“°“√ πÕ°®“°π’Ȭ—߇ªìπæ◊Èπ∞“π ”À√—∫ºŸâ„™â„π °“√ √â“ß√Ÿª·∫∫ ·≈–»÷°…“·ßà¡ÿ¡µà“ßÊ ¢Õß°√–∫«π°“√π’È ¥—ßπ—Èπ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–¡Õß ICF «à“‡ªìπ ¿“…“ ´÷ËߢâÕ§«“¡ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®– √â“ߢ’Èπ®“°§«“¡§‘¥ √â“ß √√§å·≈–§«“¡≈–‡Õ’¬¥√Õ∫§Õ∫¢ÕߺŸâ„™â ·ºπº—ß∑’˪√“°Ø„π¿“æ∑’Ë 1 ™à«¬„Àâ‡ÀÁπ¿“æ ·≈–‡¢â“„®„π°“√ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õß à«πª√–°Õ∫µà“ßÊ ¥ßπ— 15’È ¿“æ∑’Ë 1 ªØ‘°√‘¬“√à«¡°—π√–À«à“ßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õß ICF

¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ (§«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘ À√◊Õ‚√§)

°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈– °‘®°√√¡ °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬

ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ªí®®—¬¥â“π∫ÿ§§≈

15 ICF ·µ°µà“ß„πÀ≈—°„À≠ஓ° ICIDH ©∫—∫ªï 1980 „π¿“æ∑’Ë· ¥ßªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ ‰¥Õ–·°√¡∑’Ë ‰¡à ¡∫Ÿ√≥å À√◊Õ𔇠πÕº‘¥·º°‰ª Õ“®‡π◊ËÕß¡“®“°√Ÿª·∫∫π’È¡’À≈“°À≈“¬¡‘µ‘ ·≈–¡’ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å°—πÕ¬à“߬“°∑’Ë®–‡¢â“„® ¡’§«“¡‡ªìπ‰ª ‰¥â∑’Ë®–𔇠πÕ√Ÿª¿“æÕ◊Ëπ∑’Ë™’ȇπâπ®ÿ¥ ”§—≠Õ◊Ëπ„π°√–∫«π°“√ °“√·ª≈§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß°“√¡’ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß à«πª√–°Õ∫·≈– à«π ª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬µà“ßÊ ®–·µ°µà“ß°—π¥â«¬ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ º≈°√–∑∫¢Õßªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡µàÕ°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ®–µà“ß®“°º≈°√–∑∫ µàÕ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡)

18 Introduction ICF

In this diagram, an individual's functioning in a specific domain is an interaction or complex relationship between the health condition and contextual factors (i.e. environmental and personal factors). There is a dynamic interaction among these entities: interventions in one entity have the potential to modify one or more of the other entities. These interactions are specific and not always in a predictable one-to-one relationship. The interaction works in two directions; the presence of disability may even modify the health condition itself. To infer a limitation in capacity from one or more impairments, or a restriction of performance from one or more limitations, may often seem reasonable. It is important, however, to collect data on these constructs independently and thereafter explore associations and causal links between them. If the full health experience is to be described, all components are useful. For example, one may: • have impairments without having capacity limitations (e.g. a disfigurement in leprosy may have no effect on a person's capacity); • have performance problems and capacity limitations without evident impairments (e.g. reduced performance in daily activities associated with many diseases); • have performance problems without impairments or capacity limitations (e.g. an HIV-positive individual, or an ex-patient recovered from mental illness, facing stigmatization or discrimination in interpersonal relations or work); • have capacity limitations without assistance, and no performance problems in the current environment (e.g. an individual with mobility limitations may be provided by society with assistive technology to move around); • experience a degree of influence in a reverse direction (e.g. lack of use of limbs can cause muscle atrophy; institutionalization may result in loss of social skills).

Case examples in Annex 4 further illustrate possibilities of interactions between the constructs.

The scheme shown in Fig. 1 demonstrates the role that contextual factors (i.e. environmental and personal factors) play in the process. These factors interact with the individual with a health condition and determine the level and extent of the individual’s functioning. Environmental factors are extrinsic to the individual (e.g. the attitudes of the society, architectural characteristics, the legal system) and are classified in the Environmental Factors classification. Personal Factors, on the other hand, are not classified in the current version of ICF. They include gender, race, age, fitness, lifestyle, habits, coping styles and other such factors. Their assessment is left to the user, if needed.

19 ICF ∫∑π” „π·ºπº—ßπ’È °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ‡ªìπªØ‘°‘√‘¬“√à«¡°—π À√◊Õ‡ªì𧫓¡ —¡æ—π∏å ∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ √–À«à“ß¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–ªí®®—¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ·≈–ªí®®—¬ ∫ÿ§§≈) ¬—ß¡’ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‡π◊ËÕß°—π√–À«à“ßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫‡À≈à“π’È °≈à“«§◊Õ°“√‡¢â“√à«¡¢ÕßÕß§å ª√–°Õ∫Àπ÷Ëß ®–¡’º≈µàÕ à«π‡¥’¬«À√◊ÕÀ≈“¬Ê à«π¢ÕßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫Õ◊Ëπ ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å‡À≈à“π’È¡’ ≈—°…≥–‡©æ“– ·≈–‰¡à “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–§“¥°“√≥å„π≈—°…≥–¢Õߧ«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å·∫∫Àπ÷ËßµàÕÀπ◊Ë߉¥â ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏åπ’È∑”„À⇰‘¥º≈ Õß∑“ß §◊Õ °“√∑’Ë¡’§«“¡æ‘°“√¬àÕ¡∑’Ë®–‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ ∑”„Àâ ‡°‘¥¢’¥®”°—¥„𧫓¡ “¡“√∂∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°§«“¡∫°æ√àÕßÀπ÷ËßÕ¬à“ßÀ√◊Õ¡“°°«à“ À√◊Õ∑”„À⇰‘¥¢âÕ®”°—¥ ¢Õß ¡√√∂¿“æÀπ÷ËßÕ¬à“ß À√◊Õ¡“°°«à“ Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ ‡ªìπ ‘Ëß ”§—≠∑’˧«√‡°Á∫ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“° à«π ª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬‡À≈à“π’ÈÕ¬à“ßÕ‘ √–µàÕ°—π ·≈–π”¡“»÷°…“¥Ÿ§«“¡‡°’ˬ«‚¬ß ·≈–°“√‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß°—π¢Õß “‡Àµÿ ‡æ◊ËÕπ”¡“„™âª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√Õ∏‘∫“¬ ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ∫ÿ§§≈§πÀπ÷ËßÕ“®®– ë ¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß‚¥¬‰¡à¡’°“√®”°—¥∑“ߥâ“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√‡ ’¬‚©¡ ®“°°“√ ‡ªìπ‚√§‡√◊ÈÕπ Õ“®®–‰¡à¡’º≈µàÕ§«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈); ë ¡’ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂¿“æ ·≈–¡’°“√®”°—¥¥â“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ ·µà‰¡à¡’≈—°…≥–§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑’Ë ™—¥‡®π (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√≈¥ ¡√√∂¿“æ„π°‘®«—µ√ª√–®”«—π Õ—π‡π◊ËÕß¡“®“°°“√ªÉ«¬À≈“¬ ‚√§); ë ¡’ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂¿“æ ‚¥¬‰¡à¡’≈—°…≥–§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß À√◊Õ°“√®”°—¥„π¥â“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ (‡™àπ ºŸâ∑’˵‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ HIV À√◊ÕºŸâªÉ«¬‡¥‘¡∑’ˇæ‘ËßÀ“¬®“°°“√ªÉ«¬∑“ß®‘µ °“√∂Ÿ°√—߇°’¬®®“° —ߧ¡ À√◊Õ∂Ÿ°‡≈◊Õ°ªØ‘∫—µ‘„𧫓¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ À√◊Õ°“√∑”ß“π); ë ¡’°“√®”°—¥¥â“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ ‚¥¬‰¡à‰¥â√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ·µà‰¡à¡’ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂¿“æ „π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë Õ“®®–‰¥â√—∫°“√ ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ®“° —ߧ¡∑“ߥâ“π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë) ë ¡’¿“«–∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√∂¥∂Õ¬ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√‰¡à„™â·¢π Õ“®®–∑”„À⇰‘¥Õ“°“√ ΩÉÕ≈’∫¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ °“√‡¢â“æ—°„π ∂“πæ—°øóôπÕ“®®–∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ ∑“ß —ߧ¡) °√≥’µ—«Õ¬à“ß„π¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 4 ®–· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß à«πª√–°Õ∫ ¬Õ¬à

‘Ëß∑’˪√“°Ø„π¿“æ∑’Ë 1 · ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ß∫∑∫“∑¢Õßªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ªí®®—¬¢Õß ¿“æ ·«¥≈âÕ¡ ·≈–ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈) ∑’Ë¡’„π°√–∫«π°“√ªí®®—¬‡À≈à“π’È ®–∑”ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ à«πªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ √«¡∑—È߇ªìπµ—«°”Àπ¥√–¥—∫ ·≈–¢Õ∫‡¢µ°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢Õßªí®‡®° ∫ÿ§§≈ ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡‡ªìπªí®®—¬¿“¬πÕ°¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ∑—»π§µ‘¢Õß —ߧ¡, ≈—°…≥–∑“ß ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡, √–∫∫°ÆÀ¡“¬) ·≈–‰¥â∂Ÿ°®”·π°‰«â„π°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õßªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ „π¢≥–∑’Ëªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈‰¡à‰¥â∂Ÿ°®”·π°‰«â„π ICF ©∫—∫ªí®®ÿ∫—π ´÷Ë߉¥â·°à ‡æ», ‡™◊ÈÕ™“µ‘, Õ“¬ÿ, ÿ¢¿“æ∑’Ë ¡∫Ÿ√≥å, √Ÿª·∫∫°“√¥”‡π‘π™’«‘µ, Õÿªπ‘ —¬, √Ÿª·∫∫°“√‡º™‘≠·≈–®—¥°“√ °—∫ªí≠À“ ·≈–ªí®®—¬Õ◊ËπÊ à«π°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈π—Èπ ®–∂Ÿ°π”¡“„™â‡¡◊ËÕºŸâ„™â¡’§«“¡µâÕß°“√

19 Introduction ICF

5.2 Medical and social models

A variety of conceptual models16 has been proposed to understand and explain disability and functioning. These may be expressed in a dialectic of “medical model” versus “social model”. The medical model views disability as a problem of the person, directly caused by disease, trauma or other health condition, which requires medical care provided in the form of individual treatment by professionals. Management of the disability is aimed at cure or the individual’s adjustment and behaviour change. Medical care is viewed as the main issue, and at the political level the principal response is that of modifying or reforming health care policy. The social model of disability, on the other hand, sees the issue mainly as a socially created problem, and basically as a matter of the full integration of individuals into society. Disability is not an attribute of an individual, but rather a complex collection of conditions, many of which are created by the social environment. Hence the management of the problem requires social action, and it is the collective responsibility of society at large to make the environmental modifications necessary for the full participation of people with disabilities in all areas of social life. The issue is therefore an attitudinal or ideological one requiring social change, which at the political level becomes a question of human rights. For this model disability is a political issue.

ICF is based on an integration of these two opposing models. In order to capture the integration of the various perspectives of functioning, a “biopsychosocial” approach is used. Thus, ICF attempts to achieve a synthesis, in order to provide a coherent view of different perspectives of health from a biological, individual and social perspective.17

16 The term "model" here means construct or paradigm, which differs from the use of the term in the previous section.

17 See also Annex 5 - “ICF and people with disabilities”.

20 ICF ∫∑π” 5.2 √Ÿª·∫∫∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å ·≈–∑“ß —ߧ¡ √Ÿª·∫∫16 ·π«§‘¥∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬„™âÕ∏‘∫“¬„À⇢Ⓞ®∂÷ߧ«“¡æ‘°“√ ·≈–°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ´÷Ëß· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ‰¥â¥â«¬ ç√Ÿª·∫∫∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬åé ·≈– ç√Ÿª·∫∫∑“ß —ߧ¡é √Ÿª·∫∫∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å ¡Õߧ«“¡æ‘°“√«à“‡ªìπªí≠À“¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’ “‡Àµÿ¡“®“°‚√§ °“√∫“¥‡®Á∫ À√◊Õ¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æÕ◊ËπÊ ´÷Ëß®”‡ªìπµâÕ߉¥â√—∫°“√√—°…“‚¥¬ºŸâ™”π“≠‡©æ“–∑“ߥâ“π°“√·æ∑¬å °“√®—¥°“√§«“¡æ‘°“√ ¡’®ÿ¥ ¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√∑’Ë®–√—°…“ À√◊Õª√—∫‡ª≈’ˬπ惵‘°√√¡¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ °“√„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈∑“ß°“√ ·æ∑¬å¥Ÿ«à“‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß„À≠à∑’Ë ÿ¥ ·≈– ‘Ëß∑’Ë√—∞∫“≈®–µâÕß∑”‡ªìπÕ¬à“ß·√° §◊Õ°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß À√◊Õ ªØ‘√Ÿªπ‚¬∫“¬∑“ߥâ“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ „π¢≥–∑’Ë√Ÿª·∫∫∑“ß —ߧ¡¡Õߧ«“¡æ‘°“√«à“‡ªìπªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ ∑“ß —ߧ¡ ·≈–‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕߢÕߺŸâæ‘°“√∑’Ë®– “¡“√∂‡ªìπ à«πÀπ÷ËߢÕß —ߧ¡ Õπ÷Ëß §«“¡æ‘°“√¡‘„™à‡ªìπ ‡æ’¬ß≈—°…≥–¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ·µàª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢µà“ßÊ ‡¢â“¥â«¬°—π ´÷Ëß„πÀ≈“¬Ê ‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢ ‡°‘¥®“° ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß —ߧ¡ ¥—ßπ—Èπ°“√®—¥°“√ªí≠À“π’È ®÷ßµâÕß„™âªí®®—¬¥â“π —ߧ¡ ·≈–‡ªì𧫓¡ √—∫º‘¥™Õ∫√à«¡°—π¢Õß —ߧ¡„π°“√∑’Ë®–∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕß ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®– ∑”„À⺟âæ‘°“√π—Èπ “¡“√∂‡¢â“¡“¡’ à«π„π —ߧ¡‰¥âÕ¬à“߇µÁ¡∑’Ë ¥—ßπ—Èπ ‡√◊ËÕßπ’È®÷ß∂◊Õ‡ ¡◊Õπ«à“‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∑—»π§µ‘·≈–∫√‘∫∑∑’˵âÕß°“√°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß∑“ß —ߧ¡ ´÷Ëß„π√–¥—∫π‚¬∫“¬°≈“¬‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß ¢Õß ‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π ”À√—∫√Ÿª·∫∫π’È §«“¡æ‘°“√®÷ß∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπª√–‡¥Áπ¢Õßπ‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß ICF ‡ªìπ°“√π”√Ÿª·∫∫∑’Ë¢—¥·¬âß°—π 2 √Ÿª·∫∫ ¡“√«¡‰«â¥â«¬°—π ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®– “¡“√∂√«¡ ¡ÿ¡¡Õß ∑’˵à“ßÊ °—π¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ®÷ßµâÕßπ”·π«§‘¥„π≈—°…≥–¢Õß ç™’«®‘µ«‘∑¬“ —ߧ¡é ¡“„™â ¥—ßπ—Èπ ‘Ëß∑’Ë ICF 欓¬“¡∑’Ë®–∑”°Á§◊Õ °“√À“º≈ √ÿª ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–À“¿“æ∑’˵àÕ‡π◊ËÕß≈ßµ—«®“° ¡ÿ¡¡Õßµà“ßÊ ¢Õß ÿ¢¿“殓°¥â“π™’««‘∑¬“, ªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈–¡ÿ¡¡Õß∑“ß —ߧ¡17

16 §” ç√Ÿª·∫∫é „π∑’Ëπ’ÈÀ¡“¬∂÷ß à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬À√◊Õ·∫∫Õ¬à“ß ´÷Ëß®–·µ°µà“ß®“°°“√„™â§”π’È„πµÕπ°àÕπ 17 ¥Ÿ¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 5 ¥â«¬ çICF ·≈–∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’§«“¡æ‘°“√é

20 Introduction ICF

6. Use of ICF

ICF is a classification of human functioning and disability. It systematically groups health and health-related domains. Within each component, domains are further grouped according to their common characteristics (such as their origin, type, or similarity) and ordered in a meaningful way. The classification is organized according to a set of principles (see Annex 1). These principles refer to the interrelatedness of the levels and the hierarchy of the classification (sets of levels). However, some categories in ICF are arranged in a non-hierarchical manner, with no ordering but as equal members of a branch.

The following are structural features of the classification that have a bearing on its use. (1) ICF gives standard operational definitions of the health and health-related domains as opposed to “vernacular” definitions of health. These definitions describe the essential attributes of each domain (e.g. qualities, properties, and relationships) and contain information as to what is included and excluded in each domain. The definitions contain commonly used anchor points for assessment so that they can be translated into questionnaires. Conversely, results from existing assessment instruments can be coded in ICF terms. For example, “seeing functions” are defined in terms of functions of sensing form and contour, from varying distances, using one or both eyes, so that the severity of difficulties of vision can be coded at mild, moderate, severe or total levels in relation to these parameters. (2) ICF uses an alphanumeric system in which the letters b, s, d and e are used to denote Body Functions, Body Structures, Activities and Participation, and Environmental Factors. These letters are followed by a numeric code that starts with the chapter number (one digit), followed by the second level (two digits), and the third and fourth levels (one digit each). (3) ICF categories are “nested” so that broader categories are defined to include more detailed subcategories of the parent category. (For example, Chapter 4 in the Activities and Participation component, on Mobility, includes separate categories on standing, sitting, walking, carrying items, and so on). The short (concise) version covers two levels, whereas the full (detailed) version extends to four levels. The short version and full version codes are in correspondence, and the short version can be aggregated from the full version. (4) Any individual may have a range of codes at each level. These may be independent or interrelated. (5) The ICF codes are only complete with the presence of a qualifier, which denotes a magnitude of the level of health (e.g. severity of the problem). Qualifiers are coded as one, two or more numbers after a point (or separator). Use of any code should be accompanied by at least one qualifier. Without qualifiers, codes have no inherent meaning.

21 ICF ∫∑π” 6. °“√„™â ICF ICF ‡ªìπ°“√®”·π°°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å ´÷Ë߇ªìπ°“√®—¥¢Õ∫‡¢µ ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈– ¢Õ∫‡¢µ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“懢ⓥ⫬°—πÕ¬à“߇ªìπ√–∫∫ „π·µà≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫·≈–¢Õ∫‡¢µ‡À≈à“ π—Èπ ®–∂Ÿ°√«¡°≈ÿà¡°—π‰«â µ“¡≈—°…≥– “¡—≠∑’Ë„°≈⇧’¬ß°—π (‡™àπ ®“°·À≈àß∑’Ë¡“, ™π‘¥ À√◊Õ§«“¡ §≈⓬§≈÷ß°—π) ‚¥¬‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫‰«â µ“¡≈”¥—∫§«“¡À¡“¬ °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑π’ȉ¥â∑”‰«â‚¥¬„™â™ÿ¥¢Õß À≈—°°“√ (¥Ÿ¿“§ºπ«° 1) À≈—°°“√∑’Ë«à“π’È Õâ“ß∂÷ß√–¥—∫¢Õߧ«“¡‡°’ˬ«‡π◊ËÕß´÷Ëß°—π·≈–°—π ·≈– ≈”¥—∫™—Èπ¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ (™ÿ¥¢Õß°“√®—¥√–¥—∫) Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ °“√®—¥ª√–‡¿∑∫“ßÕ¬à“ß„π ICF ¡‘‰¥â‡ªìπ‰ªµ“¡≈”¥—∫™—Èπ ‚¥¬‰¡à‡ªìπ°“√‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫ ·µà‡ªìπ°“√®—¥„π√–¥—∫∑’ˇ∑à“Ê °—π¢Õß “¢“ µàÕ‰ªπ’È®–‡ªìπ à«πµà“ßÊ ∑“ß‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏åµàÕ°“√„™â (1) ICF „À⧫“¡À¡“¬¥â“π¡“µ√∞“π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢ÕߢÕ∫‡¢µ ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–¢Õ∫‡¢µ∑’Ë ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ´÷Ëßµ√ߢⓡ°—∫§«“¡À¡“¬‡©æ“–¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ∑’Ë„™â‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª §«“¡À¡“¬ ‡À≈à“π’È ®–Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ß≈—°…≥– ”§—≠¢Õß·µà≈–¢Õ∫‡¢µ (‡™àπ §ÿ≥≈—°…≥–, §ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘ ·≈– §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å) ·≈–∫√√®ÿ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ¢à“« “√¢Õß·µà≈–¢Õ∫‡¢µ«à“√«¡ ·≈–‰¡à√«¡Õ–‰√∫â“ß §”Õ∏‘∫“¬π’È®–ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬®ÿ¥¬÷¥µà“ßÊ ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘π ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ “¡“√∂π”¡“·ª≈ß„™â ‡ªìπ·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ „π∑“ß°≈—∫°—πº≈¢Õß°“√ª√–‡¡‘π “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–π”¡“„ à√À— ¢Õß ICF ‰¥â µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ç°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπé ∂Ÿ°°”Àπ¥«à“‡ªìπ°“√∑”ß“π ¢Õߪ√– “∑ —¡º— ‡°’ˬ«°—∫√Ÿª·∫∫‚§√ß√à“ß·≈–√–¬–∑“ß, ‚¥¬°“√„™âµ“∑—Èß ÕßÀ√◊Շ撬ߢâ“߇¥’¬« ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–„ à√À— ∫Õ°§à“¢Õߧ«“¡√ÿπ·√ߢÕߪí≠À“«à“ ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬, ª“π°≈“ß, ¡“° À√◊Õ ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑ÿ°√–¥—∫∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫µ—«·ª√¥—ß°≈à“« (2) ICF „™â√–∫∫∑’˪√–°Õ∫¥â«¬µ—«Õ—°…√ ·≈–µ—«‡≈¢ b, s, d ·≈– e „™â„π°“√· ¥ß∂÷ß°“√ ∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬, °‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ·≈–ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡ µ—«Õ—°…√‡À≈à“π’È®–µ“¡¥â«¬√À— µ—«‡≈¢∑’ˇ√‘Ë¡¥â«¬À¡“¬‡≈¢¢Õß∫∑ (‡≈¢Àπ÷ËßÀ≈—°), µ“¡¥â«¬√–¥—∫∑’Ë Õß (‡≈¢ ÕßÀ≈—°) ·≈–√–¥—∫∑’Ë “¡ ·≈– ’Ë (µ—«‡≈¢Õ¬à“ß≈–Àπ÷ËßÀ≈—°) (3) ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß ICF ®–‡ªìπ·∫∫°≈ÿà¡ ´÷Ëß„πª√–‡¿∑∑’Ë°«â“ß°«à“®–Õ∏‘∫“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ¢Õߪ√–‡¿∑™—Èπ¬àÕ¬µà“ßÊ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ „π∫∑∑’Ë 4 à«πª√–°Õ∫¥â“π°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë √«¡∂÷ß°“√·¬°ª√–‡¿∑¬Õ¬¢Õß°“√πà —Ëß, °“√‡¥‘π, °“√¬°¢Õß ·≈– Õ◊ËπÊ) „π©∫—∫¬àÕ®–§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡ Õß√–¥—∫ à«π„π©∫—∫ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å®–§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∂÷ß ’Ë√–¥—∫√À— ¢Õß ICF ∑—Èß©∫—∫¬àÕ ·≈–©∫—∫ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å ®–‡À¡◊Õπ°—π ‚¥¬©∫—∫¬àÕ‡ªìπ©∫—∫∑’Ë √ÿª√«¡¡“ ®“°©∫—∫ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å (4) „π∫ÿ§§≈§πÀπ÷ËßÕ“®®–¡’√À— µà“ßÊ ®—¥‰«â„πÀ≈“¬Ê √–¥—∫ ‚¥¬Õ“®®–¡’ À√◊Õ‰¡à¡’§«“¡ ¡æ— π∏— °å π— (5) √À— ¢Õß ICF ®– ¡∫Ÿ√≥剥â°ÁµàÕ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’°“√„™â µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥– ´÷Ëß„™â· ¥ß§«“¡ ”§—≠ ¢Õß√–¥—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ (‡™àπ ∫Õ°§«“¡√ÿπ·√ߢÕߪí≠À“ µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–®–„™â‡≈¢Àπ÷Ëß À√◊Õ Õßµ—«Õ¬ŸàÀ≈—ß®ÿ¥À√◊Õµ—«·¬°) °“√„™â√À— ®–µâÕßµ“¡¥â«¬µ—«°”Àπ¥§à“Õ¬à“ßπâÕ¬Àπ÷Ëßµ—« ‰¡à‡™àππ—Èπ·≈â«√À— π—Èπ®–‰¡à¡’§«“¡À¡“¬„πµ—«

21 Introduction ICF

(6) The first qualifier for Body Functions and Structures, the performance and capacity qualifiers for Activities and Participation, and the first qualifier for Environmental Factors all describe the extent of problems in the respective component. (7) All three components classified in ICF (Body Functions and Structures, Activities and Participation, and Environmental Factors) are quantified using the same generic scale. Having a problem may mean an impairment, limitation, restriction or barrier depending on the construct. Appropriate qualifying words as shown in brackets below should be chosen according to the relevant classification domain (where xxx stands for the second-level domain number). For this quantification to be used in a universal manner, assessment procedures need to be developed through research. Broad ranges of percentages are provided for those cases in which calibrated assessment instruments or other standards are available to quantify the impairment, capacity limitation, performance problem or barrier. For example, when “no problem” or “complete problem” is specified the coding has a margin of error of up to 5%. “Moderate problem” is defined as up to half of the time or half the scale of total difficulty. The percentages are to be calibrated in different domains with reference to relevant population standards as percentiles.

xxx.0 NO problem (none, absent, negligible,… ) 0-4 % xxx.1 MILD problem (slight, low,…) 5-24 % xxx.2 MODERATE problem (medium, fair,...) 25-49 % xxx.3 SEVERE problem (high, extreme, …) 50-95 % xxx.4 COMPLETE problem (total,…) 96-100 % xxx.8 not specified xxx.9 not applicable (8) In the case of environmental factors, this first qualifier can be used to denote either the extent of positive effects of the environment, i.e. facilitators, or the extent of negative effects, i.e. barriers. Both use the same 0-4 scale, but to denote facilitators the point is replaced by a plus sign: for example e110+2. Environmental Factors can be coded (a) in relation to each construct individually, or (b) overall, without reference to any individual construct. The first option is preferable, since it identifies the impact and attribution more clearly. (9) For different users, it might be appropriate and helpful to add other kinds of information to the coding of each item. There are a variety of additional qualifiers that could be useful. Table 3 sets out the details of the qualifiers for each component as well as suggested additional qualifiers to be developed. (10)The descriptions of health and health-related domains refer to their use at a given moment (i.e. as a snapshot). However, use at multiple time points is possible to describe a trajectory over time and process. (11)In ICF, a person's health and health-related states are given an array of codes that encompass the two parts of the classification. Thus the maximum

22 ICF ∫∑π”

(6) µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«·√°¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ µ—«∫àß™’È §ÿ≥≈—°…≥–¥â“π ¡√√∂¿“æ ·≈–§«“¡ “¡“√∂ ”À√—∫°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ·≈– µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«·√°¢Õßªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥‡À≈à“π’È®–„™â„π°“√∫Õ°∂÷ß√–¥—∫ §«“¡√ÿπ·√ߢÕߪí≠À“„π·µà≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫ (7) à«πª√–°Õ∫∑—Èß “¡∑’Ë„™â„π°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ICF (°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, °‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ·≈–ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡) ®–π”¡“«—¥‚¥¬„™â¡“µ√“ «—¥‡¥’¬«°—π °“√¡’ªí≠À“Õ“®®–‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕߢÕߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß, ¢âÕ®”°—¥, ¢âÕÀâ“¡ ·≈–Õÿª √√§ ∑—Èßπ’È ¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫ à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬§”∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡∑’Ë· ¥ß„π«ß‡≈Á∫¢â“ß≈à“ߧ«√®–‡≈◊Õ° „Àâ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ („π∑’Ëπ’È xxx À¡“¬∂÷ß ¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õßµ—«‡≈¢ √–¥—∫∑’Ë Õß) À“°µâÕß°“√„™â«‘∏’°“√«—¥π’È ”À√—∫ “¢“Õ◊ËπÊ ®–µâÕß∑”°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬ ‡æ◊ËÕ æ—≤π“À“°√–∫«π°“√¢Õß°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈ ‚¥¬°“√°”Àπ¥§à“‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– ”À√—∫‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ À√◊Õ¡“µ√«—¥¡“µ√∞“πÕ◊ËπÊ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√«—¥§à“¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß, °“√®”°—¥¢Õߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂, ªí≠À“ ·≈–Õÿª √√§å¥â“π ¡√√∂¿“æ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ°√≥’ çªí≠À“‰¡à¡’é °—∫ çªí≠À“ ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥é ¡’¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õߧ«“¡§≈“¥‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë 5% çªí≠À“ª“π°≈“ßé ∂Ÿ°®”°—¥§«“¡À¡“¬‰«â ∑’˧√’ËßÀπ’ËߢÕß√–¥—∫¢Õߧ«“¡¬“°∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ´÷Ëß®–‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫‰¥â°—∫¡“µ√«—¥·∫∫ percentile ¢Õߪ√–™“°√

xxx.0 ªí≠À“ ‰¡à¡’ (‰¡à¡’, ‰¡àª√“°Ø, ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬¡“° ...... ) 0-4 % xxx.1 ªí≠À“ ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ (πâÕ¬, µË” ...... ) 5-24 % xxx.2 ªí≠À“ ª“π°≈“ß (°≈“ß, æÕ„™â ...... ) 25-49 % xxx.3 ªí≠À“ ¡“° ( Ÿß, ∑’Ë ÿ¥ .....) 50-95 % xxx.4 ªí≠À“ ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ (√«¡À¡¥ .....) 96-100 % xxx.5 ‰¡à√–∫ÿ xxx.6 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß (8) „π°√≥’¢Õßªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«·√° “¡“√∂„™â„π°“√∫Õ°º≈°√–∑∫¢Õß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡‰¥â∑—Èß„π‡™‘ß∫«° ‡™àπ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ ·≈–‡™‘ß≈∫ ‡™àπ Õÿª √√§ ∑—Èß Õßµà“ß°Á„™â ¡“µ√ 0-4 ‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π ·µà„π°√≥’∑’˵âÕß°“√®–„Àâ∑√“∫«à“ ‡ªìπ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ®–µâÕß„ à ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬∫«° µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ e110+2 ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–„ à√À— ‰¥â¥—ßπ’È (a) ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·µà≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ À√◊Õ (b) ∑—Ë«‰ª ‚¥¬‰¡àÕâ“ßÕ‘ß°—∫ à«π ª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ ´÷Ëß«‘∏’°“√·√°®–¥’°«à“ ‡π◊ËÕß®“° “¡“√∂∫Õ°∂÷ߺ≈°√–∑∫ ·≈–§ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘‰¥â™—¥‡®π°«à“ (9) ”À√—∫ºŸâ„™âÕ◊ËπÊ Õ“®®–‡ªìπ°“√‡À¡“– ¡ ·≈–™à«¬‰¥â¥’ À“°®–‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢à“« “√¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈Õ◊Ëπ≈ß ‰ª„π√À— ·µà≈–Õ—π¡’°“√‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’ˇªìπª√–‚¬™πå µ“√“ß∑’Ë 3 °”Àπ¥√“¬ ≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢Õßµ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µà“ßÊ ”À√—∫·µà≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫ √«¡∑—È߬—ß¡’¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π– „π°“√æ—≤π“µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¥â«¬ (10) °“√Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ߢÕ∫‡¢µ ÿ¢¿“æ À√◊Õ¢Õ∫‡¢µ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“懪ìπ°“√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß∂÷ß„π™à«ß ‡«≈“¢≥–Àπ÷Ëß (‡À¡◊Õπ°“√∂à“¬¿“æ) Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡°“√„™â„πÀ≈“¬Ê ¢≥–¢Õ߇«≈“ “¡“√∂ ∑’Ë®–Õ∏‘∫“¬‰¥â‡ªìπ«‘∂’‚§®√µ≈Õ¥‡«≈“·≈–°√–∫«π°“√π—Èπ (11) „π ICF ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈– ¿“«–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈®–®—¥‰«â„π ≈—°…≥–¢Õß°≈ÿà¡ √À— ´÷Ëߪ√–°Õ∫Õ¬Ÿà„π∑—Èß 2 ¿“§ ¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ®”π«π√À— ∑’Ë Ÿß∑’Ë ÿ¥µàÕ

22 Introduction ICF

number of codes per person can be 34 at the one-digit level (8 body functions, 8 body structures, 9 performance and 9 capacity codes). Similarly, for the two-level items the total number of codes is 362. At more detailed levels, these codes number up to 1424 items. In real-life applications of ICF, a set of 3 to 18 codes may be adequate to describe a case with two-level (three-digit) precision. Generally the more detailed four-level version is used for specialist services (e.g. rehabilitation outcomes, geriatrics), whereas the two-level classification can be used for surveys and clinical outcome evaluation.

Further coding guidelines are presented in Annex 2. Users are strongly recommended to obtain training in the use of the classification through WHO and its network of collaborating centres.

23 ICF ∫∑π” ∫ÿ§§≈§πÀπ÷Ëß ”À√—∫√–¥—∫¢Õß√À— µ—«‡≈¢ 1 µ—« ®–Õ¬Ÿà∑’Ë 34 √À— (°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ 8 √À— , ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ 8 √À— , ¡√√∂¿“æ 9 √À— , §«“¡ “¡√∂ 9 √À— ) „π ≈—°…≥–‡¥’¬«°—π ”À√—∫°“√®—¥·∫∫ Õß√–¥—∫®”π«π√À— ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥§◊Õ 362 √À— ·≈– ”À√—∫ √–¥—∫∑’Ë≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ®”π«π√À— ®–‡∑à“°—∫ 1,424 √À— „𧫓¡®√‘ߢÕß°“√„™â ICF °≈ÿà¡ ¢Õß√À— √–À«à“ß 3-18 Õ“®®–‡æ’¬ßæÕ∑’Ë®– “¡“√∂Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ß°√≥’°“√«—¥Õ¬à“ß≈–‡Õ’¬¥ Õß √–¥—∫ (‡≈¢ “¡À≈—°) ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥·∫∫ ’Ë√–¥—∫¡’‰«â‡æ◊ËÕ„À⺟⇙’ˬ«™“≠摇»…„™â (‡™àπ º≈≈—æ∏å¢Õß°“√øóôπøŸ ¡√√∂¿“æ, °“√¥Ÿ·≈ºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿ) à«π°“√„™â·∫∫ Õß√–¥—∫ “¡“√∂„™â„πß“π ”√«®∑—Ë«‰ª √«¡∑—Èß°“√«—¥º≈∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å

·π«∑“߇æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡„π°“√„™â√À— Õ¬Ÿà„π¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 2 ´÷ËߺŸâ„™â ¡§«√‡ªìπÕ¬à“߬‘Ëß∑’Ë®–‰¥â√—∫°“√Ωñ° Õ∫√¡°“√„™â∫—≠™’®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑®“°Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° ·≈–‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬¢Õß»Ÿπ¬åª√– “πß“π¢Õß Õߧ尓√

23 Introduction ICF

Table 3. Qualifiers

Components First qualifier Second qualifier

Body Functions (b) Generic qualifier with the negative None scale used to indicate the extent or magnitude of an impairment Example: b167.3 to indicate a severe impairment in specific mental functions of language

Body Structures (s) Generic qualifier with the negative Used to indicate the nature of the scale used to indicate the extent or change in the respective body magnitude of an impairment structure: 0 no change in structure 1 total absence 2 partial absence 3 additional part Example: s730.3 to indicate a severe 4 aberrant dimensions impairment of the upper extremity 5 discontinuity 6 deviating position 7 qualitative changes in structure, including accumulation of fluid 8 not specified 9 not applicable Example: s730.32 to indicate the partial absence of the upper extremity

Activities and Performance Capacity Participation (d) Generic qualifier Generic qualifier Problem in the person's current Limitation without assistance environment Example: d5101._2 to indicate Example: d5101.1_ to indicate mild moderate difficulty with bathing the difficulty with bathing the whole body whole body; implies that there is with the use of assistive devices that moderate difficulty without the use of are available to the person in his or assistive devices or personal help her current environment

Environmental Generic qualifier, with negative and None Factors (e) positive scale, to denote extent of barriers and facilitators respectively Example: e130.2 to indicate that products for education are a moderate barrier. Conversely, e130+2 would indicate that products for education are a moderate facilitator

24 ICF ∫∑π”

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 3µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–

à«πª√–°Õ∫ µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«·√° µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«∑’Ë 2 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à (b) µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‰ª∑’Ë¡’¡“µ√«—¥‡ªìπ≈∫ ‰¡à¡’ „™â‡æ◊ËÕ · ¥ß¢Õ∫‡¢µÀ√◊Õ§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õß §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß µ—«Õ¬à“ß ‡™àπ b 167.3 ∫àß™’È∂÷ߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß√–¥—∫√ÿπ·√ß„π °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß®µ¥‘ â“π°“√„™â¿“…“

‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ (S) µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‰ª ∑’Ë¡’¡“µ√«—¥ „™â· ¥ß∏√√¡™“µ‘°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß„π ‡ªìπ≈∫ „™â‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß¢Õ∫‡¢µÀ√◊Õ§«“¡ ”§—≠ ‚§√ß √â“ß√à“ß°“¬·µà≈– ‘Ëßπ—ÈπÊ ¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√Õßà µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ S 730.3 0 = ‰¡à¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕß‚§√ß √“ßâ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß√ÿπ·√ߢÕß·¢π 1 = ‰¡à¡’ª√“°Ø (¢“¥À“¬∑ÈßÀ¡¥)— 2 = ¢“¥À“¬∫“ß à«π 3 = ¡’ à«π‡°‘π 4 = §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘„π¡‘µ‘µà“ß Ê 5 = ‰¡àµÕ‡πà ◊ËÕß 6 = °“√º‘¥µ”·Àπàß 7 = °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß‚§√ß √â“ß„π‡™‘ß §ÿ≥¿“æ√«¡∂÷ß°“√ – ¡¢Õßπ”È 8 = ‰¡à√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ 9 = ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ À 730.32 ·¢π¢“¥À“¬‰ª∫“ß «πà

°‘®°√√¡ & ¡√√∂¿“æ §«“¡ “¡“√∂ °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ (d) µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‰ª µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‰ª °“√®”°—¥‚¥¬ª√“»®“°°“√Õ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«° ªí≠À“¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ d 5101._2 §«“¡≈”∫“° ª“π°≈“ß„π°“√Õ“∫π”∑È —Ë«√à“ß°“¬ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ d 5101.1_ · ¥ß∂÷ߧ«“¡ ‚¥¬ª√“»®“°Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ ≈”∫“°‡≈Á°πâÕ¬„π°“√Õ“∫π”∑È —Ë«√à“ß°“¬ –¥«°À√◊պ♟ ૬‡À≈◊Õ ‚¥¬„™âÕÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«° ´ËßÀ“÷ ‰¥â„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π

ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ (e) µ—«∫àß™’ȧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‰ª ∑’Ë¡’¡“µ√«—¥‡ªìπ≈∫ ‰¡à¡’ ·≈–‡ªìπ∫«° · ¥ß∂÷ß¢π“¥¢ÕßÕÿª √√§·≈– ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿ𠵓¡≈”¥—∫ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ e130.2 · ¥ß∂÷ߺ≈º≈‘µ ”À√—∫ °“√»÷°…“∑’ˇªìπÕÿª √√§√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß „π∑“ß°≈—∫°—π c130+ 2 · ¥ß∂÷ߺ≈º≈‘µ‡æ◊ËÕ °“√»÷°…“ ∑’ˇªìπ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπª“π°≈“ß

24 Introduction ICF

54th World Health Assembly endorsement of ICF for international use

The resolution WHA54.21 reads as follows:

The Fifty-fourth World Health Assembly,

1. ENDORSES the second edition of the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH), with the title International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, henceforth referred to in short as ICF;

2. URGES Member States to use ICF in their research, surveillance and reporting as appropriate, taking into account specific situations in Member States and, in particular, in view of possible future revisions;

3. REQUESTS the Director-General to provide support to Member States, at their request, in making use of ICF.

25 ICF ∫∑π”

°“√ π—∫ πÿπ¢Õß∑’˪√–™ÿ¡ ¡—™™“Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° §√—Èß∑’Ë 54 ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√π” ICF ¡“„™â√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»

¡µ‘∑’˪√–™ÿ¡∑’Ë WHA54.21 ¡’„®§«“¡¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È °“√ª√–™ÿ¡ ¡—™™“Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° §√—Èß∑’Ë 54 1. ‡ÀÁπæâÕß°—∫°“√®—¥æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 2 ¢Õß International Classifications of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH) ¿“¬„µâ™◊ËÕ„À¡à§◊Õ International Classification of Functionting, Disability and Health À√◊Õ™◊ËÕ¬àÕ«à“ ICF 2. ‡√àß√—¥„Àâª√–‡∑» ¡“™‘°π” ICF ¡“„™â„π°“√«‘®—¬, µ‘¥µ“¡ ·≈–√“¬ß“π ·≈â«·µà§«“¡ ‡À¡“– ¡µ“¡≈—°…≥–‡©æ“–¢Õß ∂“π°“√≥å„π·µà≈–ª√–‡∑» ‚¥¬‡©æ“–‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿß µàÕ‰ª„πÕ𓧵 3. ‡√’¬°√âÕß„À⺟âÕ”π«¬°“√Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° π—∫ πÿπª√–‡∑» ¡“™‘°„π°“√π” ICF ‰ª„™â ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’°“√√âÕߢÕ

25 Introduction ICF ICF One-Level Classification

List of chapter headings in the classification ICF ∫—≠™’°“√®”·π° Àπ÷Ëß√–¥—∫

√“¬°“√À—«¢âÕ¢Õß∫∑„π∫—≠™’®”·π° One Level Classification ICF

Body functions

Chapter 1 Mental functions Chapter 2 Sensory functions and pain Chapter 3 Voice and speech functions Chapter 4 Functions of the cardiovascular, haematological, immunological and respiratory systems Chapter 5 Functions of the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems Chapter 6 Genitourinary and reproductive functions Chapter 7 Neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions Chapter 8 Functions of the skin and related structures Body structures

Chapter 1 Structures of the nervous system Chapter 2 The eye, ear and related structures Chapter 3 Structures involved in voice and speech Chapter 4 Structures of the cardiovascular, immunological and respiratory systems Chapter 5 Structures related to the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems Chapter 6 Structures related to the genitourinary and reproductive systems Chapter 7 Structures related to movement Chapter 8 Skin and related structures

29 ICF ∫—≠™’°“√®”·π°Àπ÷Ëß√–¥—∫

°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 1 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„® ∫∑∑’Ë 2 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —¡º— ·≈–§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 3 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√查 ·≈–‡ ’¬ß ∫∑∑’Ë 4 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫ À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ √–∫∫‚≈À‘µ √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·≈–√–∫∫∑“߇¥‘πÀ“¬„® ∫∑∑’Ë 5 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘° ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ ∫∑∑’Ë 6 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå√à«¡ªí “«– ·≈–√–∫∫ªí “«– ∫∑∑’Ë 7 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫ª√– “∑ °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ‚§√ß°√–¥Ÿ° ·≈– à«π∑’Ë ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ∫∑∑’Ë 8 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 1 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ª√– “∑ ∫∑∑’Ë 2 µ“ÀŸ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ßÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ∫∑∑’Ë 3 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°“√查 ∫∑∑’Ë 4 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫À—«„® ·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·≈–√–∫∫ ∑“߇¥‘πÀ“¬„® ∫∑∑’Ë 5 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ √–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ √–∫∫‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ ∫∑∑’Ë 6 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ √–∫∫ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå ·≈–√–∫∫ªí “«– ∫∑∑’Ë 7 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ∫∑∑’Ë 8 º‘«Àπ—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß

29 One Level Classification ICF Activities and participation

Chapter 1 Learning and applying knowledge Chapter 2 General tasks and demands Chapter 3 Communication Chapter 4 Mobility Chapter 5 Self-care Chapter 6 Domestic life Chapter 7 Interpersonal interactions and relationships Chapter 8 Major life areas Chapter 9 Community, social and civic life Environmental factors

Chapter 1 Products and technology Chapter 2 Natural environment and human-made changes to environment Chapter 3 Support and relationships Chapter 4 Attitudes Chapter 5 Services, systems and policies

30 ICF ∫—≠™’°“√®”·π°Àπ÷Ëß√–¥—∫ °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ∫∑∑’Ë 1 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ·≈–°“√𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â ∫∑∑’Ë 2 ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª ·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ∫∑∑’Ë 3 °“√ Õ “√◊Ë ∫∑∑’Ë 4 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë ∫∑∑’Ë 5 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß ∫∑∑’Ë 6 ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ ∫∑∑’Ë 7 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å ·≈– —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ∫∑∑’Ë 8 “√– ”§—≠¢Õß™’«‘µ ∫∑∑’Ë 9 ™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π —ߧ¡ ·≈–™’«‘µ„π∞“𖇪ìπæ≈‡¡◊Õß µ—«ª√–°Õ∫ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∫∑∑’Ë 1 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å ·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ∫∑∑’Ë 2 ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘ ·≈– ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å √â“ߢ÷Èπ ∫∑∑’Ë 3 §«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ·≈– —¡æ—π∏¿“æ ∫∑∑’Ë 4 ∑»π§µ— ‘ ∫∑∑’Ë 5 „Àâ∫√‘°“√ √–∫∫ ·≈–π‚¬∫“¬

30 ICF Two-Level Classification

List of chapter headings in the classification ICF ∫—≠™’°“√®”·π° Õß√–¥—∫

√“¬°“√À—«¢âÕ¢Õß∫∑„π∫—≠™’®”·π° Two Level Classification ICF BODY FUNCTIONS

Chapter 1 Mental functions Global mental functions (b110-b139) b110 Consciousness functions b114 Orientation functions b117 Intellectual functions b122 Global psychosocial functions b126 Temperament and personality functions b130 Energy and drive functions b134 Sleep functions b139 Global mental functions, other specified and unspecified Specific mental functions (b140-b199) b140 Attention functions b144 Memory functions b147 Psychomotor functions b152 Emotional functions b156 Perceptual functions b160 Thought functions b164 Higher-level cognitive functions b167 Mental functions of language b172 Calculation functions b176 Mental function of sequencing complex movements b180 Experience of self and time functions b189 Specific mental functions, other specified and unspecified b198 Mental functions, other specified b199 Mental functions, unspecified Chapter 2 Sensory functions and pain Seeing and related functions (b210-b229) b210 Seeing functions b215 Functions of structures adjoining the eye b220 Sensations associated with the eye and adjoining structures b229 Seeing and related functions, other specified and unspecified Hearing and vestibular functions (b230-b249) b230 Hearing functions b235 Vestibular functions b240 Sensations associated with hearing and vestibular function b249 Hearing and vestibular functions, other specified and unspecified Additional sensory functions (b250-b279) b250 Taste function b255 Smell function b260 Proprioceptive function b265 Touch function b270 Sensory functions related to temperature and other stimuli

33 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 1 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„® °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵‡«™∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ (b110-b139) b110 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß µ‘ b114 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ (°“≈‡∑»–·≈–∫ÿ§§≈) b117 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𠵑ªí≠≠“ b122 °“√∑”ß“π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß®‘µ«‘∑¬“ —ߧ¡ b126 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å·≈– ∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ b130 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πæ≈—ßß“π·≈–·√ߢ—∫ b134 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ b139 °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß®‘µ‡«™∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π‡©æ“–∑“ߥâ“𮑵„® (b140-b199) b140 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√µ◊Ëπµ—« b144 °“√∑”ß“π„π à«π¢Õߧ«“¡®” b147 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õßæ≈« ‘ ¬— b152 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å b156 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ b160 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡§‘¥ b164 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡¢â“„®√–¥—∫ Ÿß¢’Èπ b167 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„®¢Õß¿“…“ b172 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§”π«≥ b176 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„®„π°“√‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ b180 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πª√– ∫°“√≥å à«πµπ ·≈– ‡«≈“ b189 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„®‡©æ“–∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b198 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„®∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b199 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„® ‰¡à√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 2 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —¡º— ·≈–§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π¡Õ߇ÀÁπ ·≈– à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß (b210-b229) b210 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ b215 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß∑’˵àÕ‡π◊ËÕß®“°µ“ b220 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫¥«ßµ“ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’˵àÕ‡π◊ËÕß b229 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‰¥â¬‘π ·≈–°“√∑√ßµ—« (b230-b249) b230 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‰¥â¬‘π b235 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∑√ßµ—« b240 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‰¥â¬‘π ·≈–°“√∑√ßµ—« b249 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‰¥â¬‘π ·≈–°“√∑√ßµ—«∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¥â“πª√– “∑ —¡º— (b250-b279) b250 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ√ b255 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ°≈‘Ëπ b260 °“√∑”ß“π ¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ (Õ“°—ª°‘√‘¬“) b265 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ —¡º— b270 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πª√– “∑ —¡º— ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘·≈–µ—«°√–µÿâπÕ◊ËπÊ

33 Two Level Classification ICF b279 Additional sensory functions, other specified and unspecified Pain (b280-b299) b280 Sensation of pain b289 Sensation of pain, other specified and unspecified b298 Sensory functions and pain, other specified b299 Sensory functions and pain, unspecified Chapter 3 Voice and speech functions (b310-b399) b310 Voice functions b320 Articulation functions b330 Fluency and rhythm of speech functions b340 Alternative vocalization functions b398 Voice and speech functions, other specified b399 Voice and speech functions, unspecified Chapter 4 Functions of the cardiovascular, haematological, immunological and respiratory systems Functions of the cardiovascular system (b410-b429) b410 Heart functions b415 Blood vessel functions b420 Blood pressure functions b429 Functions of the cardiovascular system, other specified and unspecified Functions of the haematological and immunological systems (b430-b439) b430 Haematological system functions b435 Immunological system functions b439 Functions of the haematological and immunological systems, other specified and unspecified Functions of the respiratory system (b440-b449) b440 Respiration functions b445 Respiratory muscle functions b449 Functions of the respiratory system, other specified and unspecified Additional functions and sensations of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (b450-b499) b450 Additional respiratory functions b455 Exercise tolerance functions b460 Sensations associated with cardiovascular and respiratory functions b469 Additional functions and sensations of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, other specified and unspecified b498 Functions of the cardiovascular, haematological, immunological and respiratory systems, other specified b499 Functions of the cardiovascular, haematological, immunological and respiratory systems, unspecified

34 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß b279 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πª√– “∑ —¡º— ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280-b299) b280 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ b289 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b298 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b299 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߥâ“π°“√√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 3 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß·≈–°“√查 (b310-b399) b310 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß b320 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡ªìπ§”查 b330 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡§≈àÕß·≈–®—ßÀ«–¢Õß°“√查 b340 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√„™â‡ ’¬ß„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊ËπÊ b398 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°“√查„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b399 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°“√查„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 4 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„® ·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ √–∫∫‚≈À‘µ, √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·≈–√–∫∫À“¬„® °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫ À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ (b410-b429) b410 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«„® b415 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ b420 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ b429 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫‚≈À‘µ ·≈–√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π (b430-b439) b430 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫‚≈À‘µ b435 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π b439 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫‚≈À‘µ ·≈–√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥’ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À“¬„® (b440-b449) b440 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„® b445 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„™âÀ“¬„® b449 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫°“√À“¬„® ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·≈–√–∫∫ À“¬„® (b450-b499) b450 à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„® b455 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“π„π°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬ b460 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„® À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ ·≈–√–∫∫À“¬„® b469 à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√∑”ß“π ·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·≈–√–∫∫À“¬„® ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ Õ◊ËπÊ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b498 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ √–∫∫‚≈À‘µ √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·≈–√–∫∫À“¬„® ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ Õ◊ËπÊ b499 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ √–∫∫‚≈À‘µ √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·≈–√–∫∫À“¬„® ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

34 Two Level Classification ICF Chapter 5 Functions of the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems Functions related to the digestive system (b510-b539) b510 Ingestion functions b515 Digestive functions b520 Assimilation functions b525 Defecation functions b530 Weight maintenance functions b535 Sensations associated with the digestive system b539 Functions related to the digestive system, other specified and unspecified Functions related to metabolism and the endocrine system (b540-b559) b540 General metabolic functions b545 Water, mineral and electrolyte balance functions b550 Thermoregulatory functions b555 Endocrine gland functions b559 Functions related to metabolism and the endocrine system, other specified and unspecified b598 Functions of the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems, other specified b599 Functions of the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems, unspecified Chapter 6 Genitourinary and reproductive functions Urinary functions (b610-b639) b610 Urinary excretory functions b620 Urination functions b630 Sensations associated with urinary functions b639 Urinary functions, other specified and unspecified Genital and reproductive functions (b640-b699) b640 Sexual functions b650 Menstruation functions b660 Procreation functions b670 Sensations associated with genital and reproductive functions b679 Genital and reproductive functions, other specified and unspecified b698 Genitourinary and reproductive functions, other specified b699 Genitourinary and reproductive functions, unspecified Chapter 7 Neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions Functions of the joints and bones (b710-b729) b710 Mobility of joint functions b715 Stability of joint functions b720 Mobility of bone functions b729 Functions of the joints and bones, other specified and unspecified

35 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß ∫∑∑’Ë 5 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√, √–∫∫‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘§ ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ (b510-b539) b510 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‡¢â“ b515 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ b520 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¥Ÿ¥´÷¡·≈–π”Õ“À“√‰ª‡ √‘¡ √â“߇π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕ b525 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¢—∫∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– b530 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π °“√§ßπÈ”Àπ—° b535 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ b539 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥’ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈– √–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ (b540-b559) b540 °“√∑”ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª¥â“π ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ b545 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õß πÈ”, ·√à∏“µÿ ·≈– ‡°≈◊Õ·√à b550 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª√—∫§«∫§ÿ¡Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ b555 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßµàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ b559 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈– √–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b598 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√, ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b599 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√, ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥’ ∫∑∑’Ë 6 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¢—∫∂à“¬ªí “«– ·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ªí “«– (b610-b639) b610 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¢—∫ªí “«– b620 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– b630 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– b639 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ªí “«– ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå ·≈– Õ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå (b640-b699) b640 °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß‡æ» b650 °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ b660 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß °“√„Àâ°”‡π‘¥ b670 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå b679 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå ·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬ ≈–‡Õ¬¥’ b698 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå·≈–∑“߇¥‘πªí “«–·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏åÿ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b699 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå·≈–∑“߇¥‘πªí “«–·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏åÿ ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ∫∑∑’Ë 7 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪ√– “∑°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ‚§√ß°√–¥Ÿ° ·≈– à«π∑’Ë ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ·≈–°√–¥Ÿ° (b710-b729) b710 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡§≈àÕßµ—«¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ b715 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ b720 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡§≈àÕßµ—«¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ° b729 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ·≈–°√–¥Ÿ° ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

35 Two Level Classification ICF

Muscle functions (b730-b749) b730 Muscle power functions b735 Muscle tone functions b740 Muscle endurance functions b749 Muscle functions, other specified and unspecified Movement functions (b750-b799) b750 Motor reflex functions b755 Involuntary movement reaction functions b760 Control of voluntary movement functions b765 Involuntary movement functions b770 Gait pattern functions b780 Sensations related to muscles and movement functions b789 Movement functions, other specified and unspecified b798 Neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions, other specified b799 Neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions, unspecified Chapter 8 Functions of the skin and related structures Functions of the skin (b810-b849) b810 Protective functions of the skin b820 Repair functions of the skin b830 Other functions of the skin b840 Sensation related to the skin b849 Functions of the skin, other specified and unspecified Functions of the hair and nails (b850-b899) b850 Functions of hair b860 Functions of nails b869 Functions of the hair and nails, other specified and unspecified b898 Functions of the skin and related structures, other specified b899 Functions of the skin and related structures, unspecified

36 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ (b730-b749) b730 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ b735 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ b745 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ b749 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« (b750-b799) b750 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪؑ°‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —Ëß°“√ b755 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪؑ°√‘¬“∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„® b760 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∫—ߧ—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„® b765 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„® b770 °“√∑”ß“π ¢Õß√Ÿª·∫∫°“√°â“«‡¥‘π b780 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« b789 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–‰¡à√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b798 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ª√– “∑°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ‚§√ß°√–¥Ÿ° ·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b799 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ª√– “∑°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ‚§√ß°√–¥Ÿ° ·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 8 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß (b810-b849) b810 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ªÑÕß°—π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß b820 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√´àÕ¡·´¡¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß b830 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πÕ◊ËπÊ ¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß b840 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫º‘«Àπ—ß b849 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇ â㧭 ·≈– ‡≈Á∫ (b850-b899) b850 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇ â㧭 b860 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇≈Á∫ b869 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇ âπº¡·≈–‡≈Á∫ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b898 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b899 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

36 Two Level Classification ICF BODY STRUCTURES

Chapter 1 Structures of the nervous system s110 Structure of brain s120 Spinal cord and related structures s130 Structure of meninges s140 Structure of sympathetic nervous system s150 Structure of parasympathetic nervous system s198 Structure of the nervous system, other specified s199 Structure of the nervous system, unspecified Chapter 2 The eye, ear and related structures s210 Structure of eye socket s220 Structure of eyeball s230 Structures around eye s240 Structure of external ear s250 Structure of middle ear s260 Structure of inner ear s298 Eye, ear and related structures, other specified s299 Eye, ear and related structures, unspecified Chapter 3 Structures involved in voice and speech s310 Structure of nose s320 Structure of mouth s330 Structure of pharynx s340 Structure of larynx s398 Structures involved in voice and speech, other specified s399 Structures involved in voice and speech, unspecified Chapter 4 Structures of the cardiovascular, immunological and respiratory systems s410 Structure of cardiovascular system s420 Structure of immune system s430 Structure of respiratory system s498 Structures of the cardiovascular, immunological and respiratory systems, other specified s499 Structures of the cardiovascular, immunological and respiratory systems, unspecified Chapter 5 Structures related to the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems s510 Structure of salivary glands s520 Structure of oesophagus s530 Structure of stomach s540 Structure of intestine s550 Structure of pancreas s560 Structure of liver

37 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 1 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ª√– “∑ s110 ‚§√ß √“ߢÕß ¡Õßâ s120 ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß s130 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇¬◊ËÕÀÿâ¡ ¡Õß s140 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫‡ âπª√– “∑´‘¡æ“‡∑µ‘° s150 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫‡ âπª√– “∑æ“√“´‘¡æ“‡∑µ‘° s198 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ª√– “∑ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ s199 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ª√– “∑ ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ∫∑∑’Ë 2 µ“ ÀŸ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß s210 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇∫⓵“ s220 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈Ÿ°µ“ s230 ‚§√ß √â“ß√Õ∫Ê µ“ s240 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀŸ à«ππÕ° s250 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀŸ à«π°≈“ß s260 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀŸ à«π„π s298 µ“ ÀŸ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ s299 µ“ ÀŸ ·≈–‚µ√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 3 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°“√查 s310 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß®¡Ÿ° s320 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߪ“° s330 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߧÕÀÕ¬ s340 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°≈àÕ߇ ’¬ß s398 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°“√查 ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ s399 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°“√查 ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 4 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·≈–√–∫∫À“¬„® s410 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥À—«„® s420 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π s430 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫∑“߇¥‘πÀ“¬„® s498 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·≈–√–∫∫∑“߇¥‘πÀ“¬„® ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ s499 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·≈–√–∫∫∑“߇¥‘πÀ“¬„® ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ∫∑∑’Ë 5 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√√–∫∫ ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ s510 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµàÕ¡πÈ”≈“¬ s520 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀ≈Õ¥Õ“À“√ s530 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ s540 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”‰ â s550 ‚§√ß √“ߢÕßµâ ∫Õ— Õπà s560 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµ—∫

37 Two Level Classification ICF s570 Structure of gall bladder and ducts s580 Structure of endocrine glands s598 Structures related to the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems, other specified s599 Structures related to the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems, unspecified Chapter 6 Structures related to the genitourinary and reproductive systems s610 Structure of urinary system s620 Structure of pelvic floor s630 Structure of reproductive system s698 Structures related to the genitourinary and reproductive systems, other specified s699 Structures related to the genitourinary and reproductive systems, unspecified Chapter 7 Structures related to movement s710 Structure of head and neck region s720 Structure of shoulder region s730 Structure of upper extremity s740 Structure of pelvic region s750 Structure of lower extremity s760 Structure of trunk s770 Additional musculoskeletal structures related to movement s798 Structures related to movement, other specified s799 Structures related to movement, unspecified Chapter 8 Skin and related structures s810 Structure of areas of skin s820 Structure of skin glands s830 Structure of nails s840 Structure of hair s898 Skin and related structures, other specified s899 Skin and related structures, unspecifed

38 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß s570 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∂ÿßπÈ”¥’ ·≈–∑àÕ s580 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ s598 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√√–∫∫‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ s599 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√√–∫∫‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 6 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫Õ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå·≈–∑“߇¥‘π ªí “«– ·≈–√–∫∫ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå s610 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ªí “«– s620 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∞“π‡™‘ß°√“π s630 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå s698 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫Õ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå·≈–∑“߇¥‘πªí “«– ·≈–√–∫∫°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ s699 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫Õ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå·≈–∑“߇¥‘πªí “«– ·≈–√–∫∫°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 7 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« s710 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß»’√…– ·≈–∫√‘‡«≥≈”§Õ s720 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à s730 ‚§√ß √“ߢÕß·¢πâ s740 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∫√‘‡«≥°√–¥Ÿ°‡™‘ß°√“π s750 ‚§√ß √“ߢÕߢ“â s760 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”µ—« s770 à«π¢Õß‚§√ß √â“߇æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß ª√– “∑°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ‚§√ß°√–¥Ÿ° ·≈– à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« s798 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ s799 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 8 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫º‘«Àπ—ß s810 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∫√‘‡«≥µà“ßÊ ¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß s820 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµàÕ¡„µâº‘«Àπ—ß s830 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇≈Á∫ s840 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇ â㧭 s898 º‘«Àπ—ß ·≈– ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ s899 º‘«Àπ—ß ·≈– ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

38 Two Level Classification ICF ACTIVITIES AND PARTICIPATION

Chapter 1 Learning and applying knowledge Purposeful sensory experiences (d110-d129) d110 Watching d115 Listening d120 Other purposeful sensing d129 Purposeful sensory experiences, other specified and unspecified Basic learning (d130-d159) d130 Copying d135 Rehearsing d140 Learning to read d145 Learning to write d150 Learning to calculate d155 Acquiring skills d159 Basic learning, other specified and unspecified Applying knowledge (d160-d199) d160 Focusing attention d163 Thinking d166 Reading d170 Writing d172 Calculating d175 Solving problems d177 Making decisions d179 Applying knowledge, other specified and unspecified d198 Learning and applying knowledge, other specified d199 Learning and applying knowledge, unspecified Chapter 2 General tasks and demands d210 Undertaking a single task d220 Undertaking multiple tasks d230 Carrying out daily routine d240 Handling stress and other psychological demands d298 General tasks and demands, other specified d299 General tasks and demands, unspecified Chapter 3 Communication Communicating - receiving (d310-d329) d310 Communicating with - receiving - spoken messages d315 Communicating with - receiving - nonverbal messages d320 Communicating with - receiving - formal sign language messages d325 Communicating with - receiving - written messages d329 Communicating - receiving, other specified and unspecified

39 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ∫∑∑’Ë 1 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â ª√– ∫°“√≥å¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬ (d110-d129) d110 °“√¥Ÿ d115 °“√øíß d120 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥À¡“¬Õ◊ËπÊ d129 ª√– ∫°“√≥å¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π (d130-d159) d130 °“√≈Õ°‡≈’¬π·∫∫ d135 °“√´—°´âÕ¡ d140 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√Õà“π d145 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√‡¢’¬π d150 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√§”π«≥ d155 °“√‰¥â√—∫∑—°…–®“°°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ d159 ∑—°…–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â (d160-d199) d160 ¡“∏‘ d163 °“√§‘¥ d166 °“√Õà“π d170 °“√‡¢’¬π d172 °“√§”π«≥ d175 °“√·°ªâ ≠À“í d177 °“√µ¥ — π„®‘ d179 °“√𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d198 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ d199 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 2 ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√ d210 °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬« d220 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß d230 °“√®—¥°“√°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—π d240 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫§«“¡‡§√’¬¥·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√ d298 ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ d299 ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ∫∑∑’Ë 3 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ °“√ ◊ËÕ “√-¥â“π°“√√—∫ (d310-d329) d310 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫-°“√√—∫-¢âÕ§«“¡∑’ˇªìπ¿“…“查 d315 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫-°“√√—∫-¢âÕ§«“¡∑’ˉ¡à„™à¿“…“查 d320 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫-°“√√—∫-¢âÕ§«“¡¿“…“¡◊Õ·∫∫‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ d325 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫-°“√√—∫-¢âÕ§«“¡∑’ˇªìπ≈“¬≈—°…≥åÕ—°…√ d329 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫- °“√√—∫∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

39 Two Level Classification ICF

Communicating - producing (d330-d349) d330 Speaking d335 Producing nonverbal messages d340 Producing messages in formal sign language d345 Writing messages d349 Communication - producing, other specified and unspecified Conversation and use of communication devices and techniques (d350- d399) d350 Conversation d355 Discussion d360 Using communication devices and techniques d369 Conversation and use of communication devices and techniques, other specified and unspecified d398 Communication, other specified d399 Communication, unspecified Chapter 4 Mobility Changing and maintaining body position (d410-d429) d410 Changing basic body position d415 Maintaining a body position d420 Transferring oneself d429 Changing and maintaining body position, other specified and unspecified Carrying, moving and handling objects (d430-d449) d430 Lifting and carrying objects d435 Moving objects with lower extremities d440 Fine hand use d445 Hand and arm use d449 Carrying, moving and handling objects, other specified and unspecified Walking and moving (d450-d469) d450 Walking d455 Moving around d460 Moving around in different locations d465 Moving around using equipment d469 Walking and moving, other specified and unspecified Moving around using transportation (d470-d499) d470 Using transportation d475 Driving d480 Riding animals for transportation d489 Moving around using transportation, other specified and unspecified d498 Mobility, other specified d499 Mobility, unspecified

40 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß °“√ ◊ËÕ “√-¥â“π°“√ àß (d330-d349) d330 °“√查 d335 °“√ √â“ߢâÕ§«“¡∑’Ë¡‘„™à¿“…“查 d340 °“√ √â“ߢâÕ§«“¡∑’ˇªìπ¿“…“¡◊Õ·∫∫‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ d345 °“√‡¢’¬π¢à“« “√ d349 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√-¥â“π°“√ àß∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√ π∑π“·≈–°“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ ·≈–‡∑§π‘§„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ (d350-d399) d350 °“√ π∑π“ d355 °“√‡ «π“ d36 °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å·≈–‡∑§π‘§°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ d369 °“√ π∑π“·≈–°“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å·≈–‡∑§π‘§°“√ ◊ËÕ “√∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥’ d398 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ d399 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 4 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·≈–°“√§ßµ”·ÀπàߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ (d410-d429) d410 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π d415 °“√§ßÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂‡¥‘¡ d420 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õß d429 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·≈–°“√§ßÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬¢Õß·≈–°“√®—¥°“√°—∫¢Õß (d430-d449) d430 °“√¬°¢Õß·≈–°“√∂◊Õ¢Õß d435 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬¢Õß‚¥¬„™â¢“ d440 °“√„™â¡◊Õ∑”ß“πÕ¬à“ß≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d445 °“√„™â¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π d449 °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬¢Õß·≈–°“√®—∫¢Õß∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√‡¥‘π·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë (d450-d469) d450 °“√‡¥π‘ d455 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰ª√Õ∫Ê d460 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉª„π∑’˵à“ßÊ d465 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‚¥¬„™âÕÿª°√≥å d469 °“√‡¥‘π·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë‚¥¬„™â°“√¢π àß (d470-d499) d470 °“√„™â°“√¢π àß d475 °“√¢—∫¢’Ë d480 °“√¢π àß‚¥¬„™â —µ«å d489 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉª„π∑’˵à“ßÊ ‚¥¬„™â°“√¢π àß∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d498 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ d499 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

40 Two Level Classification ICF Chapter 5 Self-care d510 Washing oneself d520 Caring for body parts d530 Toileting d540 Dressing d550 Eating d560 Drinking d570 Looking after one’s health d598 Self-care, other specified d599 Self-care, unspecified Chapter 6 Domestic life Acquisition of necessities (d610-d629) d610 Acquiring a place to live d620 Acquisition of goods and services d629 Acquisition of necessities, other specified and unspecified Household tasks (d630-d649) d630 Preparing meals d640 Doing housework d649 Household tasks, other specified and unspecified Caring for household objects and assisting others (d650-d699) d650 Caring for household objects d660 Assisting others d669 Caring for household objects and assisting others, other specified and unspecified d698 Domestic life, other specified d699 Domestic life, unspecified Chapter 7 Interpersonal interactions and relationships General interpersonal interactions (d710-d729) d710 Basic interpersonal interactions d720 Complex interpersonal interactions d729 General interpersonal interactions, other specified and unspecified Particular interpersonal relationships (d730-d799) d730 Relating with strangers d740 Formal relationships d750 Informal social relationships d760 Family relationships d770 Intimate relationships d779 Particular interpersonal relationships, other specified and unspecified d798 Interpersonal interactions and relationships, other specified d799 Interpersonal interactions and relationships, unspecified

41 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß ∫∑∑’Ë 5 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß d510 °“√™”√–≈â“ß√à“ß°“¬µπ‡Õß d520 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ d530 °“√„™âÀâÕßπÈ” d540 °“√·µàßµ—« d550 °“√√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√ d560 °“√¥◊Ë¡ d570 °“√¥·≈ Ÿ ¢¿“æµÿ «‡Õß— d598 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ d599 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ∫∑∑’Ë 6 ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ °“√À“ ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ (d610-d629) d610 °“√À“∑Õ¬’Ë Õ“»Ÿà ¬— d620 °“√À“´◊ÈÕ ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√ d629 °“√À“ ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ß“π„π∫â“π (d630-d649) d630 °“√‡µ√’¬¡Õ“À“√ d640 °“√∑”ß“π∫“πâ d649 ß“π∫â“π∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘ËߢÕß„π∫â“π·≈–°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ (d650-d699) d650 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘ËߢÕß„π∫â“π d660 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ d669 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘ËߢÕß¿“¬„π∫â“π·≈–°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥’ d698 ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ d699 ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ∫∑∑’Ë 7 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å·≈– —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈∑—Ë«‰ª (d710-d729) d710 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π d720 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ d729 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈∑—Ë«‰ª∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈‡©æ“–√“¬ (d730-d799) d730 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫§π·ª≈°Àπâ“ d740 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√ d750 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑“ß —ߧ¡∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ d760 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ„π§√Õ∫§√—« d770 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë π‘∑™‘¥™Õ∫°—π d779 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈‡©æ“–√“¬∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d798 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ d799 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ

41 Two Level Classification ICF

Chapter 8 Major life areas Education (d810-d839) d810 Informal education d815 Preschool education d820 School education d825 Vocational training d830 Higher education d839 Education, other specified and unspecified Work and employment (d840-d859) d840 Apprenticeship (work preparation) d845 Acquiring, keeping and terminating a job d850 Remunerative employment d855 Non-remunerative employment d859 Work and employment, other specified and unspecified Economic life (d860-d899) d860 Basic economic transactions d865 Complex economic transactions d870 Economic self-sufficiency d879 Economic life, other specified and unspecified d898 Major life areas, other specified d899 Major life areas, unspecified Chapter 9 Community, social and civic life d910 Community life d920 Recreation and leisure d930 Religion and spirituality d940 Human rights d950 Political life and citizenship d998 Community, social and civic life, other specified d999 Community, social and civic life, unspecified

42 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß ∫∑∑’Ë 8 “√– ”§—≠¢Õß™’«‘µ °“√»÷°…“ (d810-d839) d810 °“√»÷°…“πÕ°√–∫∫ d815 °“√»÷°…“°àÕπ«—¬‡√’¬π d820 °“√»÷°…“„π‚√߇√’¬π d825 °“√Ω°Õ“™ñ ’æ d830 °“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫ Ÿß d839 °“√»÷°…“∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π·≈–°“√√—∫®â“ß (d840-d859) d840 °“√Ωñ°ß“π (°“√‡µ√’¬¡µ—« ”À√—∫°“√∑”ß“π) d845 °“√‰¥âß“π∑” °“√√—°…“ß“π∑’Ë∑”Õ¬Ÿà·≈–°“√¬ÿµ‘°“√∑”ß“π d850 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π d855 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π d859 ß“π·≈–°“√√—∫®â“ß∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ™’«‘µ∑“߇»√…∞°‘® (d860-d899) d860 °“√∑”∏ÿ√°‘®∑“߇»√…∞°‘®¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π d865 °“√∑”∏ÿ√°‘®∑“߇»√…∞°‘®·∫∫´—∫´âÕπ d870 °“√æ÷Ëß擵π‡Õß∑“߇»√…∞°‘® d879 ™’«‘µ∑“߇»√…∞°‘®∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d898 “√– ”§—≠¢Õß™’«‘µ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ d899 “√– ”§—≠¢Õß™’«‘µ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ∫∑∑’Ë 9 ™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π —ߧ¡·≈–™’«‘µ„π∞“𖇪ìπæ≈‡¡◊Õß d910 ™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π d920 π—π∑π“°“√·≈–°‘®°√√¡¬“¡«à“ß d930 »“ π“·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ d940 ‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π d950 ™’«‘µ∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–∞“π–°“√‡ªìπæ≈‡¡◊Õß d998 ™’«‘µ∑“ß™ÿ¡™π —ߧ¡·≈–∞“π–æ≈‡¡◊Õß∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ d999 ™’«‘µ™ÿ¡™π∑“ß —ߧ¡·≈–∞“π–æ≈‡¡◊Õß∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ

42 Two Level Classification ICF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Chapter 1 Products and technology e110 Products or substances for personal consumption e115 Products and technology for personal use in daily living e120 Products and technology for personal indoor and outdoor mobility and transportation e125 Products and technology for communication e130 Products and technology for education e135 Products and technology for employment e140 Products and technology for culture, recreation and sport e145 Products and technology for the practice of religion and spirituality e150 Design, construction and building products and technology of buildings for public use e155 Design, construction and building products and technology of buildings for private use e160 Products and technology of land development e165 Assets e198 Products and technology, other specified e199 Products and technology, unspecified Chapter 2 Natural environment and human-made changes to environment e210 Physical geography e215 Population e220 Flora and fauna e225 Climate e230 Natural events e235 Human-caused events e240 Light e245 Time-related changes e250 Sound e255 Vibration e260 Air quality e298 Natural environment and human-made changes to environment, other specified e299 Natural environment and human-made changes to environment, unspecified Chapter 3 Support and relationships e310 Immediate family e315 Extended family e320 Friends e325 Acquaintances, peers colleagues, neighbours and community members e330 People in positions of authority e335 People in subordinate positions e340 Personal care providers and personal assistants e345 Strangers

43 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∫∑∑’Ë 1 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å ·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ e110 º≈‘µ¿—≥±åÀ√◊Õ “√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫√‘‚¿§ à«πµ—« e115 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—«„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—π e120 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë ·≈–°“√‡¥‘π∑“ߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈∑—Èß¿“¬„π ·≈– ¿“¬πÕ° e125 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ e130 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√»÷°…“ e135 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√∑”ß“π e140 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕß∑“ß«—≤π∏√√¡ —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√°’Ó e145 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘°‘®°√√¡∑“ß»“ π“ ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ e150 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–°“√°àÕ √â“ß·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’„π°“√°àÕ √â“ßÕ“§“√ ”À√—∫„™â “∏“√≥– e155 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫°“√„™â à«πµ—« e160 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’„π°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘π e165 ‘π∑√—æ¬å e198 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ e199 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ∫∑∑’Ë 2 ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘ ·≈– ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å √â“ߢ÷Èπ e210 ¿Ÿ¡‘»“ µ√å∑“ß°“¬¿“æ e215 ª√–™“°√ e220 æ◊™·≈– —µ«å e225 ¿Ÿ¡‘Õ“°“» e230 ª√“°Ø°“√≥å∏√√¡™“µ‘ e235 ª√“°Ø°“√≥å∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°¡πÿ…¬å e240 · ß «à“ß e245 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡°“≈‡«≈“ e250 ‡ ’¬ß e255 °“√ —Ëπ –‡∑◊Õπ e260 §≥¿“æ¢ÕßÕ“°“»ÿ e298 ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘·≈– ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å √â“ߢ÷Èπ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ e299 ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘·≈– ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å √â“ߢ÷Èπ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ∫∑∑’Ë 3 §«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·≈– —¡æ—π∏¿“æ e310 §√Õ∫§√«„°≈— ™â ‘¥ e315 ≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ e320 ‡æ◊ËÕπ e325 §π√Ÿâ®—°, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡√ÿàπ, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡ß“π, ‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π·≈– ¡“™‘°„π™ÿ¡™π e330 §π∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“®‡Àπ◊Õ°«à“ e335 §π∑Õ¬’Ë Ÿà„µ∫â ߧ— ∫∫— ≠™“— e340 ºŸâ„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«π∫ÿ§§≈·≈–™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ e345 §π·ª≈°Àπâ“

43 Two Level Classification ICF e350 Domesticated animals e355 Health professionals e360 Health-related professionals e398 Support and relationships, other specified e399 Support and relationships, unspecified Chapter 4 Attitudes e410 Individual attitudes of immediate family members e415 Individual attitudes of extended family members e420 Individual attitudes of friends e425 Individual attitudes of acquaintances, peers colleagues, neighbours and community members e430 Individual attitudes of people in positions of authority e435 Individual attitudes of people in subordinate positions e440 Individual attitudes of personal care providers and personal assistants e445 Individual attitudes of strangers e450 Individual attitudes of health professionals e455 Individual attitudes of health-related professionals e460 Societal attitudes e465 Social norms, practices and ideologies e498 Attitudes, other specified e499 Attitudes, unspecified Chapter 5 Services, systems and policies e510 Services, systems and policies for the production of consumer goods e515 Architecture and construction services, systems and policies e520 Open space planning services, systems and policies e525 Housing services, systems and policies e530 Utilities services, systems and policies e535 Communication services, systems and policies e540 Transportation services, systems and policies e545 Civil protection services, systems and policies e550 Legal services, systems and policies e555 Associations and organizational services, systems and policies e560 Media services, systems and policies e565 Economic services, systems and policies e570 Social security services, systems and policies e575 General social support services, systems and policies e580 Health services, systems and policies e585 Education and training services, systems and policies e590 Labour and employment services, systems and policies e595 Political services, systems and policies e598 Services, systems and policies, other specified e599 Services, systems and policies, unspecified

44 ICF °“√®”·π°√–¥—∫ Õß e350 —µ«å‡≈’È¬ß e355 ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ e360 Õ“™’æÕ◊ËπÊ e398 °“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ e399 °“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ ∫∑∑’Ë 4 ∑—»π§µ‘ e410 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õß ¡“™‘°§√Õ∫§√—«∑’Ë„°≈♑¥ e415 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õß ¡“™‘°„π§√Õ∫§√—«∑’ˇªìπ≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ e420 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õ߇æ◊ËÕπ e425 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õߧπ√Ÿâ®—°, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡√ÿàπ, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡ß“π, ‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π·≈– ¡“™‘°„π™ÿ¡™π e430 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πµ”·Àπàß∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“® e435 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õߧπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πµ”·Àπàß∑’˵˔°«à“ e440 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢ÕߺŸâ¥Ÿ·≈ à«π∫ÿ§§≈·≈–ºŸâ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ e445 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õߧπ·ª≈°Àπâ“ e450 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢ÕߺŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ e455 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢ÕߺŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“πÕ◊Ëπ e460 ∑—»π§µ‘¢Õß —ߧ¡ e465 ∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑“ß —ߧ¡, «‘∂’ªØ‘∫—µ‘·≈–≈—∑∏‘‡»√…∞°‘®°“√‡¡◊Õß e460 ∑—»π§µ‘∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ e460 ∑—»π§µ‘∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ∫∑∑’Ë 5 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ e510 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§ e515 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡, ·≈–°“√°àÕ √â“ß, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ e520 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√„™âæ◊Ëπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ e525 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√‡§À– e530 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ e535 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ e540 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√¢π àß e545 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬„π°“√ª°ªÑÕߧÿ⡧√Õßæ≈‡¡◊Õß e550 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬ e555 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ¡“§¡·≈–Õߧå°√ e560 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–∫√‘°“√π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ◊ËÕ e565 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“߇»√…∞°‘® e570 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ e575 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õߧ«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑—Ë«‰ª∑“ß —ߧ¡ e580 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ e585 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√»÷°…“·≈–°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡ e590 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π·√ßß“π·≈–°“√®â“ßß“π e595 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß e598 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ e599 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

44 ICF Detailed classification with definitions

All categories within the classification with their definitions, inclusions and exclusions ICF ∫—≠™’°“√®”·π°Õ¬à“ß≈–‡Õ’¬¥ æ√âÕ¡§”𑬓¡

∫—≠™’´÷Ëß· ¥ß°“√®”·π°∑ÿ°ª√–‡¿∑ æ√âÕ¡§”𑬓¡ °“√√«¡‡¢â“·≈–‰¡à√«¡‡¢â“ Body Functions ICF BODY FUNCTIONS

Definitions: Body functions are the physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions). Impairments are problems in body function or structure as a significant deviation or loss.

Qualifier

Generic qualifier with the negative scale, used to indicate the extent or magnitude of an impairment: xxx.0 NO impairment (none, absent, negligible,… ) 0-4 % xxx.1 MILD impairment (slight, low,…) 5-24 % xxx.2 MODERATE impairment (medium, fair,...) 25-49 % xxx.3 SEVERE impairment (high, extreme, …) 50-95 % xxx.4 COMPLETE impairment (total,…) 96-100 % xxx.8 not specified xxx.9 not applicable

Broad ranges of percentages are provided for those cases in which calibrated assessment instruments or other standards are available to quantify the impairment in body function. For example, when “no impairment” or “complete impairment” in body function is coded, this scaling may have margin of error of up to 5%. “Moderate impairment” is generally up to half of the scale of total impairment. The percentages are to be calibrated in different domains with reference to population standards as percentiles. For this quantification to be used in a uniform manner, assessment procedures need to be developed through research.

For a further explanation of coding conventions in ICF, refer to Annex 2.

47 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬

§”®”°—¥§«“¡ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ À¡“¬∂÷ß °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π √’√«‘∑¬“¢Õß√–∫∫¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ (√«¡∑—Èß°“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵«‘∑¬“¥â«¬) §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß À¡“¬∂÷ß °“√‡°‘¥ªí≠À“°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ À√◊Õ‚§√ß √â“ߺ‘¥ √Ÿª À√◊Õ‡°‘¥°“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬Õ¬à“ß ”§—≠ µ—«°”Àπ¥§à“ µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‰ª∑’Ë¡’§à“‡ªìπ≈∫„™âÕ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ß√–¥—∫ À√◊Õ¢π“¥¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß xxx.0 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‰¡à¡’ (‰¡à¡’, ‰¡àÕ¬Ÿà, ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬¡“° ...... ) 0-4 % xxx.1 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡≈°πÁ Õ¬â (πâÕ¬, µË” ...... ) 5-24 % xxx.2 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ª“π°≈“ß (°≈“ß, æÕ„™â ...... ) 25-49 % xxx.3 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß √ÿπ·√ß ( Ÿß, ∑’Ë ÿ¥ ...... ) 50-95 % xxx.4 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ (√«¡À¡¥ ...... ) 96-100 % xxx.8 ∑‰¡’Ë à‰¥√–∫â √“¬≈–‡Õÿ ¬¥’ xxx.9 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß ¡’°“√°”Àπ¥§à“Õ¬à“ß°«â“߉«â‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– ”À√—∫°√≥’∑’Ë¡’‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√«—¥§à“ À√◊Õ¡“µ√∞“πÕ◊Ëπ ∑’à “¡“√∂°”Àπ¥§à“¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °√≥’∑’Ë¡’°“√„ à√À— √–À«“ß°“√à 牡ࡒ§«“¡ ∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬é ·≈– ç¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑—ÈßÀ¡¥é °“√„™â√À— π’È®–¡’§à“§«“¡§≈“¥‡§≈◊ËÕπ®π∂÷ß 5% ”À√—∫ 秫“¡∫°æ√àÕߪ“π°≈“ßé ∂Ÿ°®”°—¥§«“¡À¡“¬‰«â∑’˧√÷ËßÀπ÷ËߢÕß¡“µ√«—¥√–¥—∫¢Õß §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ √âÕ¬≈–‡À≈à“π’È®–µâÕßπ”¡“∑”°“√°”Àπ¥§à“„À¡à„π à«π∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π®– Õâ“ßՑߥ⫬¡“µ√∞“πª√–™“°√¡“∑”‡ªìπ percentiles À“°µâÕß°“√„™â«‘∏’°“√π’ȇæ◊ËÕ°“√«—¥º≈„π«‘∏’ °“√‡¥’¬«°—π®–µâÕß∑”°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬‡æ◊ËÕæ—≤π“À“°√–∫«π°“√¢Õß°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫§”Õ∏‘∫“¬À≈—°°“√„ à√À— ¢Õß ICF „À⥟„π¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 2

47 Body Functions ICF Chapter 1 Mental functions This chapter is about the functions of the brain: both global mental functions, such as consciousness, energy and drive, and specific mental functions, such as memory, language and calculation mental functions. Global mental functions (b110-b139)

b 110 Consciousness functions General mental functions of the state of awareness and alertness, including the clarity and continuity of the wakeful state. Inclusions: functions of the state, continuity and quality of consciousness; loss of consciousness, coma, vegetative states, fugues, trance states, possession states, drug-induced altered consciousness, delirium, stupor Exclusions: orientation functions (b114); energy and drive functions (b130); sleep functions (b134)

b1100 State of consciousness Mental functions that when altered produce states such as clouding of consciousness, stupor or coma.

b1101 Continuity of consciousness Mental functions that produce sustained wakefulness, alertness and awareness and, when disrupted, may produce fugue, trance or other similar states.

b1102 Quality of consciousness Mental functions that when altered effect changes in the character of wakeful, alert and aware sentience, such as drug- induced altered states or delirium.

b1108 Consciousness functions, other specified

b1109 Consciousness functions, unspecified

b114 Orientation functions General mental functions of knowing and ascertaining one’s relation to self, to others, to time and to one’s surroundings. Inclusions: functions of orientation to time, place and person; orientation to self and others; disorientation to time, place and person Exclusions: consciousness functions (b110); attention functions (b140); memory functions (b144)

48 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à ∫∑∑’Ë 1 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵 „π∫∑π’ȇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß ¡Õß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ„®‚¥¬√«¡ ‰¥â·°à °“√√Ÿâµ—«, æ≈—ß·≈–·√ߢ—∫ ·≈–°“√∑”ß“π‡©æ“–¥â“π¢Õß®‘µ ‡™à𠧫“¡®”, ¿“…“, ·≈–°“√§”π«≥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ„®‚¥¬√«¡ (b110-b139) b110 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√Ÿâµ—« °“√∑”ß“π‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß®‘µ„®„π¥â“π ¿“«–°“√√—∫√Ÿâ·≈–µ◊Ëπµ—« √«¡‰ª∂÷ߧ«“¡™—¥‡®π ·≈–§«“¡µàÕ‡π◊ËÕߢÕß¿“«–°“√µ◊Ëπ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß¿“«–√Ÿâµ—« §«“¡µàÕ‡π◊ËÕß·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√√Ÿâµ—« °“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬§«“¡ √Ÿâ ÷°µ—«, ‚§¡à“, ¿“溗°, ¿“«–øî«®å, Õ“°“√‰¡à√Ÿâ ÷°µ—«‡À¡◊ÕπÀ≈—∫Õ¬Ÿà, ¿“«–§√Õ∫ß”, §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°µ—«∑’ˇª≈’Ë¬π‰ª‡æ√“–ƒ∑∏‘Ϭ“, Õ“°“√‡æâÕ, ´÷¡ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ (b114); æ≈—ß·≈–·√ߢ—∫ (b130); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ πÕπÀ≈—∫ (b134) b1100 ¿“«–°“√√µŸâ —« °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵 ∑’ˇª≈’Ë¬π‰ª·≈–°àÕ„À⇰‘¥¿“«–∫“ßÕ¬à“ß ‡™àπ ¿“«–¡◊¥¡—«¢Õß ®‘µ, Õ“°“√´÷¡À√◊Õ‚§¡à“ b1101 §«“¡µàÕ‡π◊ËÕߢÕß°“√√Ÿâµ—« °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√µ◊ËπÕ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß, °“√√—∫√Ÿâ·≈–µ◊Ëπµ—« ´÷ËßÀ“°∂Ÿ° √∫°«π·≈â« Õ“®®–∑”„À⇰‘¥¿“«–§√÷ËßÀ≈—∫§√÷Ëßµ◊Ëπ, øî«®å, ¿«—ߧå À√◊ÕÕ“°“√ ‰¡à√Ÿâ ÷°µ—«‡À¡◊ÕπÀ≈—∫Õ¬Ÿà À√◊Õ¿“«–∑’˧≈⓬§≈÷ß°—πÕ◊ËπÊ b1102 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√√Ÿâµ—« °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ ´÷ËßÀ“°∂Ÿ°‡∫’ˬ߇∫π®–∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß„π≈—°…≥– ¢Õß°“√µ◊Ëπ, °“√√—∫√Ÿâ·≈–µ◊Ëπµ—«√–«—ß ‡™àπ ¿“«–∑’ˇª≈’ˬπ‡æ√“–¬“ À√◊ÕÕ“°“√‡æâÕ À√◊Õ§≈—Ëß b1108 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√Ÿâµ—«∑’ˉ¥√–∫â ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1109 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√Ÿâµ—«∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b114 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ°“≈‡∑»–·≈–∫ÿ§§≈ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑—Ë«Ê ‰ª„π°“√√Ÿâ®—°·≈–°”Àπ¥™—¥„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕߧ«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õßµ—«‡Õß°—∫ ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ°—∫‡«≈“·≈–°—∫ ‘Ëß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà√Õ∫Ê µπ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“π‡«≈“, ∂“π∑’Ë·≈–∫ÿ§§≈; °“√√—∫√Ÿâµπ‡Õß·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ; °“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬§«“¡√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“π‡«≈“, ∂“π∑’Ë·≈–∫ÿ§§≈ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√Ÿâµ—« (b110); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡ π„®¢Õß°“√√–«—ßµ—« §«“¡„ à„® (b140); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡®” (b144)

48 Body Functions ICF

b1140 Orientation to time Mental functions that produce awareness of day, date, month and year.

b1141 Orientation to place Mental functions that produce awareness of one's location, such as one's immediate surroundings, one's town or country.

b1142 Orientation to person Mental functions that produce awareness of one's own identity and of individuals in the immediate environment.

b11420 Orientation to self Mental functions that produce awareness of one's own identity.

b11421 Orientation to others Mental functions that produce awareness of the identity of other individuals in one's immediate environment .

b11428 Orientation to person, other specified

b11429 Orientation to person, unspecified

b1148 Orientation functions, other specified

b1149 Orientation functions, unspecified

b117 Intellectual functions General mental functions, required to understand and constructively integrate the various mental functions, including all cognitive functions and their development over the life span. Inclusions: functions of intellectual growth; intellectual retardation, mental retardation, dementia Exclusions: memory functions (b144); thought functions (b160); higher- level cognitive functions (b164)

b122 Global psychosocial functions General mental functions, as they develop over the life span, required to understand and constructively integrate the mental functions that lead to the formation of the interpersonal skills needed to establish reciprocal social interactions, in terms of both meaning and purpose. Inclusion: such as in autism

49 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b1140 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“π‡«≈“ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ´’Ëß∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫«—π «—π∑’Ë ‡¥◊Õπ ªï b1141 °“√√∫√— Ÿâ¥“π ∂“π∑â ’Ë °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ ´÷Ëß∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫ ∂“π∑’Ë√Õ∫µ—«∫ÿ§§≈π—È𠇙àπ ¿“æ√Õ∫µ—« ‡¡◊ÕßÀ√◊Õ ª√–‡∑»∑’˵πÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà b1142 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“πµ—«∫ÿ§§≈ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ´÷Ëß∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„°≈â µ«∑— ’Ë ¥ÿ b11420 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡Õ°≈—°…≥å¢Õßµπ‡Õß b11421 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°¬«°’Ë ∫º— ÕŸâ π◊Ë °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„°≈âµ—« ∑ ’Ë ¥ÿ b11428 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫µ—«∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b11429 °“√ª√—∫µ—«‡¢â“À“∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b1148 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1149 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b117 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𠵑ª≠≠“í °“√∑”ß“π‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë®”‡ªìπµàÕ°“√‡¢â“„®·≈–°“√º ¡º “πÀπâ“∑’˵à“ßÊ ¢Õß®‘µ Õ¬à“ß √â“ß √√§å ∑—Èßπ’È √«¡∂÷ß°“√∑”ß“π¥â“πªí≠≠“À¬—Ëß√Ÿâ·≈–æ—≤π“°“√µ≈Õ¥™à«ßÕ“¬ÿ¢—¬ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡µ‘∫‚µ¢Õß µ‘ªí≠≠“; °“√∂¥∂Õ¬¢Õß µ‘ªí≠≠“, ªí≠≠“ÕàÕπ, ¡Õ߇ Õ¡◊Ë ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡®” (b144); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡§‘¥ (b160); ªí≠≠“À¬—Ëß√Ÿâ „π√–¥—∫ Ÿß (b164) b122 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵 —ߧ¡‚¥¬√«¡ °“√∑”ß“π‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ëæ—≤𓉪µ≈Õ¥™—Ë«Õ“¬ÿ¢—¬‚¥¬°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë®”‡ªìπµàÕ °“√‡¢â“„® ·≈–°“√º ¡º “πÀπâ“∑’˵à“ßÊ ∑“ß®‘µÕ¬à“ß √â“ß √√§åÕ—π®–𔉪 Ÿà∑—°…–¥â“𠧫“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ´÷Ë߇ªìπæ◊Èπ∞“π¢Õߪؑ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß —ߧ¡∑—Èß„π¥â“𧫓¡À¡“¬ ·≈–«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧå √«¡ : ‡™àπ ‚√§ÕÕ∑‘´÷Ë¡

49 Body Functions ICF

b126 Temperament and personality functions General mental functions of constitutional disposition of the individual to react in a particular way to situations, including the set of mental characteristics that makes the individual distinct from others. Inclusions: functions of extraversion, introversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, psychic and emotional stability, and openness to experience; optimism; novelty seeking; confidence; trustworthiness Exclusions: intellectual functions (b117); energy and drive functions (b130); psychomotor functions (b147); emotional functions (b152)

b1260 Extraversion Mental functions that produce a personal disposition that is outgoing, sociable and demonstrative, as contrasted to being shy, restricted and inhibited.

b1261 Agreeableness Mental functions that produce a personal disposition that is cooperative, amicable, and accommodating, as contrasted to being unfriendly, oppositional and defiant.

b1262 Conscientiousness Mental functions that produce personal dispositions such as in being hard-working, methodical and scrupulous, as contrasted to mental functions producing dispositions such as in being lazy, unreliable and irresponsible.

b1263 Psychic stability Mental functions that produce a personal disposition that is even-tempered, calm and composed, as contrasted to being irritable, worried, erratic and moody.

b1264 Openness to experience Mental functions that produce a personal disposition that is curious, imaginative, inquisitive and experience-seeking, as contrasted to being stagnant, inattentive and emotionally inexpressive.

b1265 Optimism Mental functions that produce a personal disposition that is cheerful, buoyant and hopeful, as contrasted to being downhearted, gloomy and despairing.

50 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b126 Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å·≈–∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈· ¥ßÕÕ°‡¡◊ËÕµâÕ߇º™‘≠°—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å ´÷Ëß√«¡∂÷ß≈—°…≥– ¢Õß®‘µ„®∑’Ë∑”„Àâ∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπµà“ß®“°§πÕ◊ËπÊ √«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𧫓¡ π„®§«“¡‡ªìπ‰ª√Õ∫°“¬ °“√§√ÿà𧑥∂÷ß·µàµ—«‡Õß §«“¡‡ÀÁπ™Õ∫ ¥â«¬, §«“¡‡Õ“°“√‡Õ“ß“π, §«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß∑“ßÕ“√¡≥å·≈–®‘µ„® §«“¡‡ªî¥°«â“߇æ◊ËÕ√—∫ª√– ∫°“√≥å °“√¡Õß‚≈°„π·ß॒ °“√· «ßÀ“ ‘Ëß„À¡à §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ë𠧫“¡πà“‰«â«“ß„® ‰¡à√«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𠵑ªí≠≠“ (b117) Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“πæ≈—ßß“π·≈–·√ߢ—∫ (b130) Àπâ“∑’Ë ¥â“πæ≈«‘ —¬ (b147)) Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å (b152) b1260 §«“¡ π„®§«“¡‡ªìπ‰ª√Õ∫°“¬ Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„Àâ¡’∫ÿ§≈‘°≈—°…≥–‡ªî¥‡º¬ ™Õ∫ —ߧ¡ ™Õ∫∑’Ë®–· ¥ßÕÕ° ´÷Ëßµ√ߢⓡ°—∫§«“¡¢’ÈÕ“¬ ‡°Á∫µ—« ‰¡à™Õ∫· ¥ßÕÕ° b1261 §«“¡‡ÀÁπ™Õ∫¥â«¬ Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„Àâ¡’∫ÿ§≈‘°≈—°…≥–·∫∫√à«¡¡◊Õ ‡ªìπ¡‘µ√ ¬Õ¡√—∫ ´÷Ëßµ√ߢⓡ°—∫ ‰¡à‡ªìπ¡‘µ√ µàÕµâ“π ·≈–∑â“∑“¬ b1262 §«“¡‡Õ“°“√‡Õ“ß“π ¡’∫ÿ§≈‘°≈—°…≥–·∫∫§π∑”ß“πÀπ—°‡ªìπ√–∫∫ ·≈–∂’Ë∂â«π ´÷Ëß®–µ√ß°—π¢â“¡°—∫ ∫ÿ§≈‘°≈—°…≥–∑’ˇ°’¬®§√â“π ‰¡àπà“‡™◊ËÕ∂◊Õ·≈–‰¡à√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ b1263 §«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢Õß®‘µ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„Àâ¡’∫ÿ§≈‘°≈—°…≥–¢ÕßÕ“√¡≥å§ß∑’Ë, ß∫ ·≈–§«∫§ÿ¡ µπ‡Õ߉¥â‡À¡“– ¡ ´÷Ëßµ√ß°—π¢â“¡°—∫°“√°√–«π°√–«“¬, °ß«≈,— º‘¥æ≈“¥·≈– ‡®â“Õ“√¡≥å b1264 §«“¡‡ªî¥°«â“߇æ◊ËÕ√—∫ª√– ∫°“√≥å °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵 ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥∫ÿ§≈‘°≈—°…≥–∑’ËÕ¬“°√ŸâÕ¬“°‡ÀÁπ, °“√¡’®‘πµπ“°“√, °“√À“§«“¡‡ªìπ®√‘ß, ™à“ß´—°∂“¡ ·≈–°“√· «ßÀ“ª√– ∫°“√≥å ´÷Ëßµ√ß°—π¢â“¡ °—∫ §«“¡‡©◊ËÕ¬™“, ‰¡à„ à„® ·≈–°“√‰¡à· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ßÕ“√¡≥å b1265 °“√¡Õß‚≈°„π·ß॒ Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥∫ÿ§≈‘°≈—°…≥–∑’Ë√à“‡√‘ß ·®à¡„ ·≈–¡’§«“¡À«—ß ´÷Ëßµ√ß ¢â“¡°—∫§«“¡∑âÕ·∑âÀ¥ÀŸàÀàÕ‡À’ˬ« ·≈–À¡¥À«—ß

50 Body Functions ICF

b1266 Confidence Mental functions that produce a personal disposition that is self-assured, bold and assertive, as contrasted to being timid, insecure and self-effacing.

b1267 Trustworthiness Mental functions that produce a personal disposition that is dependable and principled, as contrasted to being deceitful and antisocial.

b1268 Temperament and personality functions, other specified

b1269 Temperament and personality functions, unspecified

b130 Energy and drive functions General mental functions of physiological and psychological mechanisms that cause the individual to move towards satisfying specific needs and general goals in a persistent manner. Inclusions: functions of energy level, motivation, appetite, craving (including craving for substances that can be abused), and impulse control Exclusions: consciousness functions (b110); temperament and personality functions (b126); sleep functions (b134); psychomotor functions (b147); emotional functions (b152)

b1300 Energy level Mental functions that produce vigour and stamina.

b1301 Motivation Mental functions that produce the incentive to act; the conscious or unconscious driving force for action.

b1302 Appetite Mental functions that produce a natural longing or desire, especially the natural and recurring desire for food and drink.

b1303 Craving Mental functions that produce the urge to consume substances, including substances that can be abused.

b1304 Impulse control Mental functions that regulate and resist sudden intense urges to do something.

b1308 Energy and drive functions, other specified

51 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b1266 §«“¡¡—Ëπ„® °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵‡«™ ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥∫ÿ§≈‘°≈—°…≥– ∑’Ë· ¥ß∂÷ߧ«“¡¡—Ëπ„®·≈–°≈â“ · ¥ßÕÕ° ´÷Ëßµ√ß°—π¢â“¡°—∫ §«“¡¢≈“¥°≈—« §«“¡‰¡à¡—Ëπ§ß ·≈–°“√À≈∫Àπâ“ b1267 §«“¡‰«â«“ß„®‰¥â Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥∫ÿ§≈‘°≈—°…≥– ¢Õߧ«“¡«“ß„®‰¥â ∑’Ëæ÷Ëß擉¥â·≈–¡’À≈—° °“√ ´÷Ëßµ√ß°—π¢â“¡°—∫°“√À≈Õ°≈«ß ·≈–µàÕµâ“π —ߧ¡ b1268 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å ·≈– ∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1269 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å ·≈– ∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b130 æ≈—ß·≈–·√ߢ—∫ °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß®‘µ∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß°≈‰°¥â“π √’√«‘∑¬“·≈–®‘µ«‘∑¬“ ´÷Ë߇ªìπ‡Àµÿ„Àâ·µà≈–∫ÿ§§≈¢—∫ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰ª Ÿà§«“¡µâÕß°“√‡©æ“–∑’˵πæÕ„® ·≈–‡ªÑ“À¡“¬∑—ૉª¥â«¬§«“¡¡ÿàß¡—Ëπ √«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë√–¥—∫æ≈—ßß“π, ·√ß®Ÿß„®, §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ß√ ™“µ‘ §«“¡ª√“√∂π“Õ¬à“ß√ÿπ·√ß (√«¡∂÷ßÕ“°“√¢Õߧ«“¡µâÕß°“‡ªìπÕ¬à“ß¡“°µàÕ “√´÷Ëß ´÷Ëß𔉪 Ÿà°“√„™âº‘¥Ê ·≈–°“√ §«∫§ÿ¡·√ß°√–µÿâπ) ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π°“√√Ÿâ ÷°µ—« (b110); Àπâ“∑’Ë¢ÕßÕ“√¡≥å·≈–∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ (b126); Àπâ“∑’Ë ¢Õß °“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ (b134); Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«‚¥¬µ—Èß„® (b147); Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß Õ“√¡≥å (b152) b1300 √–¥—∫¢Õßæ≈—ß ∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡¡’™’«‘µ™’«“·≈–Õ¥∑π b1301 ·√ß®Ÿß„® Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥ ‘Ëß®Ÿß„® „π°“√°√–∑” ∑—Èßæ≈—ߢ—∫‡æ◊ËÕ°“√°√–∑”Õ¬à“ß√Ÿâµ—« ·≈–‰¡à√Ÿâµ—« b1302 √ ™“µ‘§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°µ—« §«“¡µâÕß°“√ (Õ¬“°) √—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√ Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘¢Õß°“√À«πÀ“ À√◊Õ §«“¡æ÷ß„® ‚¥¬‡©æ“–§«“¡µâÕß°“√µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘„π‡√◊ËÕßÕ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ´È”Ê b1303 §«“¡ª√“∂π“Õ¬à“ß√ÿπ·√ß Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡µâÕß°“√∑’Ë®–∫√‘‚¿§ “√ √«¡∑—Èß “√∑’Ë “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â Õ¬à“ߺ‘¥Ê b1304 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡·√ß°√–µÿâπ Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡ ·≈–µàÕµâ“𧫓¡µâÕß°“√Õ¬à“ß¡“°∑’ˇ°‘¥Õ¬à“ß°√–∑—πÀ—π b1308 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßæ≈—ß·≈–·√ߢ—∫∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

51 Body Functions ICF

b1309 Energy and drive functions, unspecified

b134 Sleep functions General mental functions of periodic, reversible and selective physical and mental disengagement from one’s immediate environment accompanied by characteristic physiological changes. Inclusions: functions of amount of sleeping, and onset, maintenance and quality of sleep; functions involving the sleep cycle, such as in insomnia, hypersomnia and narcolepsy Exclusions: consciousness functions (b110); energy and drive functions (b130); attention functions (b140); psychomotor functions (b147)

b1340 Amount of sleep Mental functions involved in the time spent in the state of sleep in the diurnal cycle or circadian rhythm.

b1341 Onset of sleep Mental functions that produce the transition between wakefulness and sleep.

b1342 Maintenance of sleep Mental functions that sustain the state of being asleep.

b1343 Quality of sleep Mental functions that produce the natural sleep leading to optimal physical and mental rest and relaxation.

b1344 Functions involving the sleep cycle Mental functions that produce rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (associated with dreaming) and non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) (characterized by the traditional concept of sleep as a time of decreased physiological and psychological activity).

b1348 Sleep functions, other specified

b1349 Sleep functions, unspecified

b139 Global mental functions, other specified and unspecified

52 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b1309 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßæ≈—ß ·≈–·√ߢ—∫∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b134 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ °“√∑”ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß®‘µ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷È𠇪ìπ√–¬–Ê °≈—∫§◊π‰¥â ·≈–‡ªìπ‡©æ“–‡√◊ËÕßµ“¡∑’ˇ≈◊Õ° „π°“√¬ÿµ‘°“√‡°’ˬ«æ—π∑“ß√à“ß°“¬·≈–®‘µ„®¢Õßµπ®“° ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‰ªæ√âÕ¡°—∫°“√ ‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß∑“ß √’√«‘∑¬“ √«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√πÕπ„π¥â“πª√‘¡“≥°“√À≈—∫, °“√‡√‘Ë¡, °“√§ß‰«â ·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√ πÕπÀ≈—∫; Àπâ“∑’Ë ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫«ß®√ ¢Õß°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫‡™àπ °“√πÕπ‰¡àÀ≈—∫, Õ“°“√ ¢’ȇ´“ ·≈–°“√À≈—∫·∫∫‰¡à√Ÿâµ—« ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√Ÿâµ—« (b110); Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßæ≈—ß·≈–·√ߢ—∫ (b130); ¢Õߧ«“¡ π„® (b140); ·≈–æ≈«‘ —¬ (b147) b1340 ª√‘¡“≥¢Õß°“√À≈—∫ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫™à«ß‡«≈“∑’Ë„™â‰ª„π ¿“«–¢Õß°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫„π«ß®√ ª√–®”«—π À√◊Õ ®—ßÀ«–√Õ∫«—π b1341 °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ°“√À≈—∫ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√‡ª≈’Ë¬π ¿“«–®“°°“√µ◊Ëπ Ÿà°“√À≈—∫‰«â b1342 °“√§ß‰«â¢Õß°“√À≈—∫ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵∑’˺¥ÿß ¿“«–¢Õß°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ b1343 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘ ´÷Ëß∑”„Àâ∫√√≈ÿ∂÷ß®ÿ¥∑’Ë ‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πå ÿ¢ ¢Õß°“√æ—°ºàÕπ∑—Èß∑“ß°“¬∑“ß®‘µ·≈–°“√ºàÕπ§≈“¬ b1344 Àπâ“∑’Ë∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫«ß®√¢Õß°“√À≈—∫ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥°“√πÕπ‚¥¬¡’°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«Õ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á«¢Õßµ“ (∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√Ωíπ) ·≈–°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫·∫∫∑’Ë ‰¡à¡’°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«Õ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á« ¢Õßµ“ (´÷Ë߇ªìπ≈—°…≥–¢Õß·π«§‘¥¥—È߇¥‘¡¢Õß°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫∑’Ë«à“‡ªìπ™à«ß‡«≈“∑’Ë °‘®°√√¡¥â“π √’√«‘∑¬“·≈–®‘µ«‘∑¬“≈¥≈ß) b1348 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À≈—∫, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1349 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À≈—∫, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b139 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

52 Body Functions ICF Specific mental functions (b140-b189)

b140 Attention functions Specific mental functions of focusing on an external stimulus or internal experience for the required period of time. Inclusions: functions of sustaining attention, shifting attention, dividing attention, sharing attention; concentration; distractibility Exclusions: consciousness functions (b110); energy and drive functions (b130); sleep functions (b134); memory functions (b144); psychomotor functions (b147); perceptual functions (b156)

b1400 Sustaining attention Mental functions that produce concentration for the period of time required.

b1401 Shifting attention Mental functions that permit refocusing concentration from one stimulus to another.

b1402 Dividing attention Mental functions that permit focusing on two or more stimuli at the same time.

b1403 Sharing attention Mental functions that permit focusing on the same stimulus by two or more people, such as a child and a caregiver both focusing on a toy.

b1408 Attention functions, other specified

b1409 Attention functions, unspecified

b144 Memory functions Specific mental functions of registering and storing information and retrieving it as needed. Inclusions: functions of short-term and long-term memory, immediate, recent and remote memory; memory span; retrieval of memory; remembering; functions used in recalling and learning, such as in nominal, selective and dissociative amnesia Exclusions: consciousness functions (b110); orientation functions (b114); intellectual functions (b117); attention functions (b140); perceptual functions (b156); thought functions (b160); higher-level cognitive functions (b164); mental functions of language (b167); calculation functions (b172)

53 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„®‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß (b140-b189) b140 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡ π„® Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë®–¡ÿàß¡—Ëπ‰ª¬—ß ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ¿“¬πÕ°À√◊Õª√– ∫°“√≥å∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ¿“¬„π „π√–¬– ‡«≈“∑’˵âÕß°“√ √«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√§ß§«“¡ π„®, °“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫𧫓¡ π„®, °“√·∫àß·¬°§«“¡ π„®, °“√„À⧫“¡ π„®√à«¡°—π, ¡“∏‘, °“√¢“¥ ¡“∏‘ ‰¡à√«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√√Ÿâ µ‘ (b110); Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßæ≈—ß·≈–·√ߢ—∫ (b130); Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√ πÕπÀ≈—∫ (b134); Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õߧ«“¡®” (b144); Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßæ≈«‘ —¬ (b144); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π °“√√—∫√Ÿâ (b156) b1400 °“√§ß§«“¡ π„® °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥ ¡“∏‘ ¿“¬„π√–¬–‡«≈“∑’˵âÕß°“√ b1401 °“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫𠧫“¡ π„® °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’ˬա„À⇰‘¥°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ®ÿ¥ π„®¢Õß ¡“∏‘ ®“° ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπÀπ÷Ë߉ª ¬—ßÕ’°Õ—πÀπ÷Ëß b1402 °“√·∫àß·¬° §«“¡ π„® °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’ˬա„À⇰‘¥°“√‡πâ𧫓¡ π„®‰ª¬—ß ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ ÕßÕ¬à“ßÀ√◊Õ ¡“°°«à“„π‡«≈“‡¥’¬«°—π b1403 °“√„À⧫“¡ π„®√à«¡°—π °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵∑’ˬ‘π¬Õ¡„À⇰‘¥°“√æÿàß®ÿ¥ π„®‰ª∑’Ë ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ‡¥’¬«°—π ‚¥¬µ—Èß ·µà∫ÿ§§≈ Õߧπ¢÷Èπ‰ª π„®„πµ—«°√–µÿâπ‡¥’¬«°—πÀ√◊Õ¡“°°«à“ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™à𠇥Á° ·≈–§π‡≈’Ȭߵà“ß„À⧫“¡ π„®‰ª∑’Ë¢Õ߇≈àπ™‘Èπ‡¥’¬«°—π b1408 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õߧ«“¡ π„®, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ √–∫ÿ b1409 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õߧ«“¡ π„®, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥√–∫â ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b144 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√®¥®” °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß„π°“√∫—π∑÷°·≈–‡°Á∫√—°…“¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈·≈–°“√‡√’¬°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ÕÕ°¡“ „™â ‡¡◊ËÕµâÕß°“√ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡®”√–¬– —Èπ·≈–√–¬–¬“«, §«“¡®”πß©—∫æ≈—π, §«“¡®”„π‡√◊ËÕß ∑’ˇæ‘Ë߇°‘¥, §«“¡®”„π‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˇ°‘¥¡“π“π·≈â«; ™à«ß‡«≈“¢Õߧ«“¡®”; °“√¥÷ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈®“° §«“¡®”, °“√®¥®”, °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë„™â‡¡◊ËÕ√–≈÷° ·≈–‡√’¬π√Ÿâ; µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ „π‡√◊ËÕß°“√‡ ’¬ §«“¡®”™◊ËÕ, Õ“°“√À≈ß≈◊¡‡©æ“–‡√◊ËÕß·≈–À≈ß≈◊¡§«“¡‡°’ˬ«æ—π¢Õ߇Àµÿ°“√≥å ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√Ÿâµ—« (b110); °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“π°“≈–‡∑»– ·≈–∫ÿ§§≈ (b114); µ‘ªí≠≠“ (b117); §«“¡ π„®(b140); °“√√—∫√Ÿâ (b156); §«“¡§‘¥ (b160); °“√∑”ß“π ¢Õß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ √–¥—∫ Ÿß°«à“ (b160); °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π¿“…“ (b167); °“√§”π«≥ (b172)

53 Body Functions ICF

b1440 Short-term memory Mental functions that produce a temporary, disruptable memory store of around 30 seconds duration from which information is lost if not consolidated into long-term memory.

b1441 Long-term memory Mental functions that produce a memory system permitting the long-term storage of information from short-term memory and both autobiographical memory for past events and semantic memory for language and facts.

b1442 Retrieval of memory Specific mental functions of recalling information stored in long-term memory and bringing it into awareness.

b1448 Memory functions, other specified

b1449 Memory functions, unspecified

b147 Psychomotor functions Specific mental functions of control over both motor and psychological events at the body level. Inclusions: functions of psychomotor control, such as psychomotor retardation, excitement and agitation, posturing, catatonia, negativism, ambitendency, echopraxia and echolalia; quality of psychomotor function Exclusions: consciousness functions (b110); orientation functions (b114); intellectual functions (b117); energy and drive functions (b130); attention functions (b140); mental functions of language (b167); mental functions of sequencing complex movements (b176)

b1470 Psychomotor control Mental functions that regulate the speed of behaviour or response time that involves both motor and psychological components, such as in disruption of control producing psychomotor retardation (moving and speaking slowly; decrease in gesturing and spontaneity) or psychomotor excitement (excessive behavioural and cognitive activity, usually nonproductive and often in response to inner tension as in toe-tapping, hand-wringing, agitation, or restlessness.)

b1471 Quality of psychomotor functions Mental functions that produce nonverbal behaviour in the proper sequence and character of its subcomponents, such as hand and eye coordination, or gait.

b1478 Psychomotor functions, other specified

54 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b1440 §«“¡®”√–¬– —Èπ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥§«“¡®”™—Ë«§√“«∑’Ë≈∫‡≈◊ÕπÀ≈—ß®“°∂Ÿ°‡°Á∫‰«â√“« 30 «‘π“∑’ À“°‰¡à𔉪√«¡‰«â„π à«π¢Õߧ«“¡®”√–¬–¬“« b1441 §«“¡®”√–¬–¬“« °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥√–∫∫¢Õߧ«“¡®”´÷Ëß¡’°“√‡°Á∫§«“¡®”√–¬– —Èπ ∫√√®ÿ ‡¢â“¡“‰«â„π°“√‡°Á∫√–¬–¬“« √«¡∑—Èߧ«“¡®”¥â“πÕ—µ™’«ª√–«—µ‘ ¢Õß ‘Ëß∑’˺à“π¡“„π Õ¥’µ·≈–§«“¡®”„𧫓¡À¡“¬¢Õß∂âÕ¬§”¢Õß¿“…“·≈–¢âÕ‡∑Á®®√‘ß b1441 °“√¥÷ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°§«“¡®” °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ¢Õß°“√‡√’¬°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√∑’ˇ°Á∫‰«â„π à«π¢Õߧ«“¡®”√–¬–¬“« ÕÕ°¡“·≈–π”ÕÕ°¡“ Ÿà°“√√—∫√Ÿâ b1448 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡®” ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1449 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡®”, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b147 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πæ≈«‘ —¬ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß „π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡ ∑—È߇√◊ËÕߢÕß °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑“ß°“¬·≈– ®µ«‘ ∑¬“‘ √«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¥â«¬§«“¡§‘¥ ‡™à𠧫“¡§‘¥™â“≈ß, Õ“°“√µ◊Ë𠇵âπ ·≈–°√–«π°√–«“¬ ∑à“∑“ß°“√·¢Áß∑◊ËÕ‡À¡◊ÕπÀÿàπ, Õ“°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«πâÕ¬À√◊Õ¡“° ‡µâπ, §«“¡§‘¥¥â“π≈∫, §«“¡§‘¥ Õß®‘µ Õß„®, Õ“°“√∑”∑à“‡≈’¬π, Õ“°“√查‡≈’¬π; §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑“ߧ«“¡§‘¥ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√Ÿâµ—« (b110); °“√√—∫√Ÿâ°“≈–‡∑»–·≈–∫ÿ§§≈ (b114); °“√ ∑”ß“π¢Õß µ‘ªí≠≠“ (b117); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õßæ≈—ß·≈–·√ߢ—∫ (b130); §«“¡ π„® (b140); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ‡°’ˬ«°—∫¿“…“ (b167); °“√‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·∫∫´—∫ ´âÕπ (b176) b1470 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¥â«¬§«“¡§‘¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’˧լ°”°—∫§«“¡‡√Á«¢Õß惵‘°√√¡À√◊Õ‡«≈“„π°“√µÕ∫ πÕß ´÷Ë߇°’ˬ«æ—π°—∫Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·≈–®‘µ«‘∑¬“ ‡™àπ °“√¢—¥¢«“ß°“√ §«∫§ÿ¡∑”„À⧑¥™â“≈ß (‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«™â“, 查™â“, °“√ÕÕ°∑à“∑“ß·≈–°“√µÕ∫ πÕß ≈¥≈ß) À√◊Õ§«“¡§‘¥·∫∫µ◊Ëπ‡µâπ 惵‘°√√¡·≈–°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¡“°‡°‘π§«√ ´÷Ëß¡—°®– ‡ªìπ„π·π«∑“ß∑’ˉ¡à‡°‘¥ª√–‚¬™πå ·≈–¡—°‡ªìπ‰ª‡æ◊ËÕ πÕߧ«“¡‡§√’¬¥®“° ¿“¬„𠇙àπ Õ“°“√°√–¥‘°À—«·¡à‡∑â“, °“√∫‘¥¡◊Õ, ¡◊Õ —Ëπ, ≈ÿ°≈π ·≈–Õ“°“√Õ¬Ÿà‰¡à ÿ¢ b1471 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑“ߧ«“¡§‘¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥æƒµ‘°√√¡∑’ˉ¡àµâÕß„™â«“®“ ¥â«¬®—ßÀ«–·≈–≈—°…≥– Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ ‡™à𠧫“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß¡◊Õ ·≈–µ“ À√◊Õ°“√‡¥‘π b1478 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¥â«¬§«“¡§‘¥ ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

54 Body Functions ICF

b1479 Psychomotor functions, unspecified

b152 Emotional functions Specific mental functions related to the feeling and affective components of the processes of the mind. Inclusions: functions of appropriateness of emotion, regulation and range of emotion; affect; sadness, happiness, love, fear, anger, hate, tension, anxiety, joy, sorrow; lability of emotion; flattening of affect Exclusions: temperament and personality functions (b126); energy and drive functions (b130)

b1520 Appropriateness of emotion Mental functions that produce congruence of feeling or affect with the situation, such as happiness at receiving good news.

b1521 Regulation of emotion Mental functions that control the experience and display of affect.

b1522 Range of emotion Mental functions that produce the spectrum of experience of arousal of affect or feelings such as love, hate, anxiousness, sorrow, joy, fear and anger.

b1528 Emotional functions, other specified

b1529 Emotional functions, unspecified

b156 Perceptual functions Specific mental functions of recognizing and interpreting sensory stimuli. Inclusions: functions of auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile and visuospatial perception, such as hallucination or illusion Exclusions: consciousness functions (b110); orientation functions (b114); attention functions (b140); memory functions (b144); mental functions of language (b167); seeing and related functions (b210-b229); hearing and vestibular functions (b230-b249); additional sensory functions (b250- b279)

b1560 Auditory perception Mental functions involved in discriminating sounds, tones, pitches and other acoustic stimuli.

55 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b1479 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¥â«¬§«“¡§‘¥ ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b152 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å Àπâ“∑’ˇ©æ“–¥â“𮑵 ´÷Ë߇°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° ·≈–Õ“√¡≥å „π°√–∫«π°“√¢Õß®‘µ √«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𧫓¡‡À¡“– ¡¢ÕßÕ“√¡≥å, °“√§«∫§ÿ¡Õ“√¡≥å·≈–æ‘ —¬√–¬–¢Õß Õ“√¡≥å, §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°, §«“¡‡»√â“, §«“¡ ÿ¢, §«“¡√—°, §«“¡°≈—«, §«“¡‚°√∏, §«“¡‡°≈’¬¥, §«“¡µ÷߇§√’¬¥, §«“¡«‘µ°, §«“¡¬‘π¥’, §«“¡‡ ’¬„® : §«“¡‰¡à·πàπÕπ¢ÕßÕ“√¡≥å; °“√ ¢“¥§«“¡√ Ÿâ °÷ ‰¡à√«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å·≈–∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ (b126); æ≈—ß·≈–·√ߢ—∫ (b130) b1520 §«“¡‡À¡“– ¡¢ÕßÕ“√¡≥å °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡≈ßµ—«°—π√–À«à“ߧ«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°À√◊ÕÕ“√¡≥å°—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å ¥—߇™àπ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°‡ªìπ ÿ¢ ‡¡◊ËÕ‰¥â√—∫¢à“«¥’ b1521 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡Õ“√¡≥å °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡ª√– ∫°“√≥å·≈–°“√· ¥ßÕÕ°¢Õߧ«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° b1522 ™à«ß¢ÕßÕ“√¡≥å °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„®´÷Ëß √â“ߪ√– ∫°“√≥å∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬µàÕ°“√°√–µÿâπÕ“√¡≥å À√◊Õ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° ‡™à𠧫“¡√—°, §«“¡‡°≈’¬¥, §«“¡«‘µ°, §«“¡‡ ’¬„®, §«“¡°≈—«·≈– §«“¡‚°√∏ b1528 Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1529 Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b156 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ Àπâ“∑’ˇ©æ“–¥â“π¢Õß®‘µ„π°“√√Ÿâ®” ·≈–·ª≈§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß°“√°√–µÿâπ∑“ߪ√– “∑§«“¡ √Ÿâ ÷° √«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“π°“√√—∫øí߇ ’¬ß, ¥â«¬ “¬µ“, °“√‰¥â°≈‘Ëπ, √Ÿâ√ , °“√ —¡º— ·≈–°“√°–√–¬– ‡ªìπµâπ«à“ ¿“æÀ≈Õπ ·≈–¿“æ≈«ß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√Ÿâµ—« (b110); ¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ°“≈–‡∑»–·≈–∫ÿ§§≈ (b114); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡ π„® (b140); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√®¥®” (b144); Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ (b167); Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√‡ÀÁπ·≈– ‘Ëß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕßÕ◊ËπÊ (b210-b229); Àπâ“∑’Ë„π¥â“π°“√‰¥â¬‘π ·≈–°“√∑√ßµ—« (b230-b249); à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫ª√– “∑ —¡º— (b250-b279) b1564 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“π°“√√—∫øí߇ ’¬ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«æ—π°—∫°“√·¬°‡ ’¬ß §«“¡∑ÿâ¡, §«“¡∂’Ë ·≈– ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ ∑“߇ ¬ßÕ’ πÊ◊Ë

55 Body Functions ICF

b1561 Visual perception Mental functions involved in discriminating shape, size, colour and other ocular stimuli.

b1562 Olfactory perception Mental functions involved in distinguishing differences in smells.

b1563 Gustatory perception Mental functions involved in distinguishing differences in tastes, such as sweet, sour, salty and bitter stimuli, detected by the tongue.

b1564 Tactile perception Mental functions involved in distinguishing differences in texture, such as rough or smooth stimuli, detected by touch.

b1565 Visuospatial perception Mental function involved in distinguishing by sight the relative position of objects in the environment or in relation to oneself.

b1568 Perceptual functions, other specified

b1569 Perceptual functions, unspecified

b160 Thought functions Specific mental functions related to the ideational component of the mind. Inclusions: functions of pace, form, control and content of thought; goal- directed thought functions, non-goal directed thought functions; logical thought functions, such as pressure of thought, flight of ideas, thought block, incoherence of thought, tangentiality, circumstantiality, delusions, obsessions and compulsions Exclusions: intellectual functions (b117); memory functions (b144); psychomotor functions (b147); perceptual functions (b156); higher-level cognitive functions (b164); mental functions of language (b167); calculation functions (b172)

b1600 Pace of thought Mental functions that govern speed of the thinking process.

56 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b1561 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â«¬ “¬µ“ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√·¬°·¬–√Ÿª∑√ß, ¢π“¥, ’ ·≈– ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ∑“ß “¬µ“ b1562 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ°≈‘Ëπ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√·¬°§«“¡·µ°µà“ߢÕß°≈‘Ëπ b1563 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ√ ™“µ‘ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√·¬°·¬–§«“¡·µ°µà“ߢÕß√ ‡ªìπµâπ«à“ √ À«“π, √ ‡ª√’Ȭ«, √ ‡§Á¡·≈–√ ¢¡ ´÷Ëß√—∫√Ÿâ ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ‡À≈à“π’ȉ¥â®“°≈‘Èπ b1564 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ °“√ —¡º— Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√·¬°§«“¡·µ°µà“ߢÕßæ◊Èπº‘«∑’Ë —¡º— ‡™àπ æ◊Èπ ¢√ÿ¢√–À√◊Õ‡√’¬∫ ´÷Ëß®–√—∫√Ÿâ‰¥â®“°°“√ —¡º— ®—∫µâÕßæ◊Èπº‘«π—Èπ Ê b1565 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“π°“√°–√–¬– Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√„™â “¬µ“·¬°·¬–‚¥¬ª√–¡“≥µ”·Àπàß«—µ∂ÿµ“ßÊà ‡∑’¬∫°—∫ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡À√◊Õ‡∑’¬∫°—∫µπ‡Õß b1568 Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1569 Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b160 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ‡©æ“–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¥â“𧫓¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢Õß®‘µ„® √«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫®—ßÀ«–, √Ÿª·∫∫, °“√§«∫§ÿ¡·≈–‡π◊ÈÕÀ“¢Õߧ«“¡µ‘¥, °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥·∫∫¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥·∫∫∑’ˉ¡à¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥∑’ˇªìπ·∫∫µ√√°– ‡™àπ °“√§‘¥¡“°‡°‘π‡Àµÿ ·√ß°¥¥—π∑“ߧ«“¡ §‘¥, °“√§‘¥øÿÑß´à“π, °“√§‘¥‰¡àÕÕ°, §«“¡§‘¥·∫∫‰¡àª–µ‘¥ª–µàÕ, °“√§‘¥·∫∫‰¡àµ√ß ª√–‡¥Áπ, °“√§‘¥ÕâÕ¡§âÕ¡, °“√À≈ߺ‘¥, °“√¬È”§‘¥¬È”∑” ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𠵑ªí≠≠“ (b117); ¥â“π°“√®¥®” (b144); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õßæ≈ «‘ —¬ Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𧫓¡‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥ (b147); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ√–¥—∫ Ÿß¢÷Èπ (b164); °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß®‘µ¥â“π¿“…“ (b167); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√§”π«≥ (b172) b1600 ®—ßÀ«–¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥ Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𮑵 ∑’ˇªìπµ—«°”Àπ¥ §«“¡‡√Á«¢Õß°√–∫«π°“√∑“ߧ«“¡§‘¥

56 Body Functions ICF

b1601 Form of thought Mental functions that organize the thinking process as to its coherence and logic. Inclusions: impairments of ideational perseveration, tangentiality and circumstantiality

b1602 Content of thought Mental functions consisting of the ideas that are present in the thinking process and what is being conceptualized. Inclusions: impairments of delusions, overvalued ideas and somatization

b1603 Control of thought Mental functions that provide volitional control of thinking and are recognized as such by the person. Inclusions: impairments of rumination, obsession, thought broadcast and thought insertion

b1608 Thought functions, other specified

b1609 Thought functions, unspecified

b164 Higher-level cognitive functions Specific mental functions especially dependent on the frontal lobes of the brain, including complex goal-directed behaviours such as decision- making, abstract thinking, planning and carrying out plans, mental flexibility, and deciding which behaviours are appropriate under what circumstances; often called executive functions. Inclusions: functions of abstraction and organization of ideas; time management, insight and judgement; concept formation, categorization and cognitive flexibility Exclusions: memory functions (b144); thought functions (b160); mental functions of language (b167); calculation functions (b172)

b1640 Abstraction Mental functions of creating general ideas, qualities or characteristics out of, and distinct from, concrete realities, specific objects or actual instances.

b1641 Organization and planning Mental functions of coordinating parts into a whole, of systematizing; the mental function involved in developing a method of proceeding or acting.

57 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b1601 √Ÿª·∫∫¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥ Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𮑵∑’Ë®—¥√–∫∫°√–∫«π°“√¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥„À⇪ìπ‡√◊ËÕß√“« ·≈–‡ªìπ‡Àµÿ ‡ªìπº≈ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕߧ«“¡§‘¥·∫∫´È”´“°, §«“¡§‘¥‰¡àµ√ߪ√–‡¥Áπ, §«“¡§‘¥ ÕâÕ¡§âÕ¡ b1602 ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥ Àπâ“∑’Ë∑“ß®‘µ∑’˪√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ‘Ëß∑’Ë¡’·≈–√—∫√Ÿâ„π°√–∫«π∑“ߧ«“¡§‘¥ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß„π√Ÿª·∫∫°“√À≈ߺ‘¥, §«“¡§‘¥∑’Ë„À⧫“¡ ”§—≠‡°‘π®√‘ß·≈– °“√ π„®„π ¿“æ∑“ß°“¬ b1603 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡§«“¡§‘¥ Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𮑵∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈§«∫§ÿ¡§«“¡§‘¥‚¥¬µ—Èß„®·≈–√—∫√Ÿâ„π ‘Ëß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ √«¡ : °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß„π≈—°…≥–§‘¥´È”Ê, °“√¬È”§‘¥, °“√§‘¥ ·∫∫¢¬“¬§«“¡ÕÕ°‰ª‡√◊ËÕ¬Ê ·≈–°“√¡’§«“¡§‘¥Õ◊Ëπ·∑√°‡¢â“¡“„𧫓¡§‘¥∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà b1608 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1609 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b164 Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ√–¥—∫ Ÿß°«à“ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫ ¡Õß à«πÀπâ“ √«¡∂÷ß惵‘°√√¡∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ·∫∫∑’Ë ¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬ ‡™àπ °“√µ—¥ ‘π„®, °“√§‘¥·∫∫π“¡∏√√¡, °“√«“ß·ºπ, °“√∑”µ“¡·ºπ, °“√§‘¥Õ¬à“߬◊¥À¬ÿàπ, ·≈–°“√µ—¥ ‘π„®‡≈◊հ惵‘°√√¡∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µàÕ ∂“π°“√≥å ´’Ëß¡—°®– ‡√’¬°°—π«à“Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√∫√‘À“√ √«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√§‘¥Õ¬à“߇ªìππ“¡∏√√¡·≈–‡ªìπ√–∫∫; °“√∫√‘À“√‡«≈“, °“√À¬—Ëß√Ÿâ µπ‡Õß·≈–°“√µ—¥ ‘π„®; °“√ √â“ß·π«§«“¡§‘¥, °“√®—¥®”æ«° ·≈–§«“¡¬◊¥À¬ÿàπ¥â“𠧫“¡§¥‘ ‰¡à√«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õߧ«“¡®” (b144); Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥ (b160); Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ¥â“π ¿“…“ (b167); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√§”π«≥ (b172) b1640 π“¡∏√√¡ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„π°“√ √â“ß √√§«“¡§‘¥∑—Ë«‰ª, ·≈– √â“ß √√§ÿ≥¿“æÀ√◊Õ ≈—°…≥–∑’˵à“ß®“°√Ÿª∏√√¡§«“¡‡ªìπ®√‘ßÀ√◊Õµà“ß®“°, «—µ∂ÿ‡©æ“–À√◊Õ‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ®√‘ß b1641 °“√®—¥√–‡∫’¬∫·≈–°“√«“ß·ºπ Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𮑵∑’˪√– “π à«πµà“ßÊ ‡¢â“¡“‡ªìπ√–∫∫Àπ÷Ë߇¥’¬«, °“√∑”ß“π Àπâ“∑’Ë ¥â“𮑵∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√æ—≤π“«‘∏’°“√À√◊Õ°√–∫«π°“√À√◊Õ°“√°√–∑”

57 Body Functions ICF

b1642 Time management Mental functions of ordering events in chronological sequence, allocating amounts of time to events and activities.

b1643 Cognitive flexibility Mental functions of changing strategies, or shifting mental sets, especially as involved in problem-solving.

b1644 Insight Mental functions of awareness and understanding of oneself and one's behaviour.

b1645 Judgement Mental functions involved in discriminating between and evaluating different options, such as those involved in forming an opinion.

b1646 Problem-solving Mental functions of identifying, analysing and integrating incongruent or conflicting information into a solution.

b1648 Higher-level cognitive functions, other specified

b1649 Higher-level cognitive functions, unspecified

b167 Mental functions of language Specific mental functions of recognizing and using signs, symbols and other components of a language. Inclusions: functions of reception and decryption of spoken, written or other forms of language such as sign language; functions of expression of spoken, written or other forms of language; integrative language functions, spoken and written, such as involved in receptive, expressive, Broca’s, Wernicke’s and conduction aphasia Exclusions: attention functions (b140); memory functions (b144); perceptual functions (b156); thought functions (b160); higher-level cognitive functions (b164); calculation functions (b172); mental functions of complex movements (b176); Chapter 2 Sensory Functions and Pain; Chapter 3 Voice and Speech Functions

b1670 Reception of language Specific mental functions of decoding messages in spoken, written or other forms, such as sign language, to obtain their meaning.

58 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b1642 °“√∫√‘À“√‡«≈“ Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𮑵„π°“√®—¥≈”¥—∫‡Àµÿ°“√≥åµà“ßÊ „À⇪ìπ‰ªµ“¡≈”¥—∫‡«≈“ °“√®—¥ √√ ª√‘¡“≥¢Õ߇«≈“„Àâ°—∫‡Àµÿ°“√≥å·≈– °‘®°√√¡ b1643 §«“¡¬◊¥À¬ÿàπ¥â“𧫓¡§‘¥ Àπâ“∑’Ë∑“ß®‘µ‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ°≈«‘∏’À√◊Õ°“√¬â“¬ ™ÿ¥∑“ß®‘µ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–‡¡◊ËÕ‡°’ˬ« ‚¬ß°—∫°“√·°âªí≠À“ b1644 °“√À¬—Ëß√Ÿâµπ‡Õß Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𮑵¢Õß°“√µ√–Àπ—°√Ÿâ ·≈–‡¢â“„®„πµπ‡Õß·≈–„π惵‘°√√¡¢Õßµπ‡Õß b1645 °“√µ—¥ ‘π„® Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𮑵∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√·¬° ·≈–ª√–‡¡‘𧫓¡·µ°µà“ߢÕß∑“߇≈◊Õ° ‡™àπ°√–∫«π°“√∑’ˇ°‘¥‡ªì𧫓¡‡ÀÁπ b1646 °“√·°‰¢ªâ ≠À“í Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𮑵¢Õß°“√°”Àπ¥À“¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈, «‘‡§√“–Àå·≈–√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˉ¡à‡¢â“°—π À√Õ¢◊ —¥·¬âß Ÿà·π«∑“ß·°â‰¢ b1648 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ√–¥—∫ Ÿß¢÷Èπ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1649 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ√–¥—∫ Ÿß¢÷Èπ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b167 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ¥â“π¿“…“ Àπâ“∑’ˇ©æ“–¥â“π∑“ß®‘µ„π°“√√Ÿâ®” ·≈–„™â‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬, —≠≈—°…≥å ·≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫¥â“π Õπ¢Õß¿“…“◊Ë √«¡∂÷ß : Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√√—∫ ·≈–∂Õ¥√À— ¢Õß¿“…“查, ¿“…“‡¢’¬πÀ√◊Õ√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ¢Õß ¿“…“ ‡™àπ ¿“…“¡◊Õ; Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“¥â«¬°“√查, ‡¢’¬πÀ√◊Õ„™â√Ÿª·∫∫ Õ◊Ëπ¢Õß¿“…“; Àπâ“∑’Ë°“√º ¡º “π¢Õß¿“…“查·≈–‡¢’¬π ‡™àπ °“√‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√√—∫√Ÿâ °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“, ¿“«–‡ ’¬°“√ ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𧫓¡ π„® (b140); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𧫓¡®” (b144); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ (b156); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𧫓¡§‘¥ (b160); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ√–¥—∫ Ÿß¢÷Èπ (b164); Àπâ“∑’Ë ¥â“π°“√§”π«≥ (b172); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π∑“ß®‘µ¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ (b176); ∫∑∑’Ë 2 Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ·≈–§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥; ∫∑∑’Ë 3 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß·≈–°“√查 b1670 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¿“…“ Àπâ“∑’ˇ©æ“–¥â“𮑵 „π°“√·ª≈ß —≠≠“π¢Õß “√∑’ˇªìπ§”查, ‡¢’¬πÀ√◊Õ√Ÿª·∫∫ Õ◊ËπÊ ‡™àπ ¿“…“¡◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„À≥⧫“¡À¡“¬

58 Body Functions ICF

b16700 Reception of spoken language Mental functions of decoding spoken messages to obtain their meaning.

b16701 Reception of written language Mental functions of decoding written messages to obtain their meaning.

b16702 Reception of sign language Mental functions of decoding messages in languages that use signs made by hands and other movements, in order to obtain their meaning.

b16708 Reception of language, other specified

b16709 Reception of language, unspecified

b1671 Expression of language Specific mental functions necessary to produce meaningful messages in spoken, written, signed or other forms of language.

b16710 Expression of spoken language Mental functions necessary to produce meaningful spoken messages.

b16711 Expression of written language Mental functions necessary to produce meaningful written messages.

b16712 Expression of sign language Mental functions necessary to produce meaningful messages in languages that use signs made by hands and other movements.

b16718 Expression of language, other specified

b16719 Expression of language, unspecified

b1672 Integrative language functions Mental functions that organize semantic and symbolic meaning, grammatical structure and ideas for the production of messages in spoken, written or other forms of language.

b1678 Mental functions of language, other specified

b1679 Mental functions of language, unspecified

59 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b16700 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¿“…“查 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß∑“ß®‘µ„π°“√·ª≈ß —≠≠“≥¢Õß “√∑’ˇªìπ§”查 ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ ‰¥â§«“¡À¡“¬ b16701 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¿“…“‡¢’¬π °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ„π°“√·ª≈¢âÕ§«“¡∑’ˇªìπ≈“¬≈—°…≥åÕ—°…√ ‡æ◊ËÕ„À≥⠧«“¡À¡“¬ b16702 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¿“…“¡◊Õ —≠≈—°…≥å °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ„π°“√·ª≈ß —≠≠“≥¢Õß¿“…“¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« Õ¬à“ßÕ◊Ëπ ‡æ◊ËÕ„À≥⧫“¡À¡“¬ b16708 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¿“…“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b16709 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¿“…“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b1671 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπµàÕ°“√∑’Ë®–°àÕ„À⇰‘¥ ¢âÕ§«“¡∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ À¡“¬„π≈—°…≥–¢Õß°“√查, °“√‡¢’¬π —≠≈—°…≥å À√◊Õ√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊ËπÊ ¢Õß¿“…“ b16710 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“‚¥¬°“√查 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë®”‡ªìπµàÕ°“√∑’Ë®–°àÕ„À⇰‘¥¢Õ§«“¡∑â ’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬„π ≈—°…≥–¢Õß°“√查 b16711 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“ ‚¥¬°“√‡¢’¬π °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ„π°“√∑’Ë®–°àÕ„À⇰‘¥¢âÕ§«“¡∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬„π ≈—°…≥–¢Õß°“√‡¢’¬π b16712 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“ ‚¥¬„™â¿“…“¡◊Õ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ„π°“√∑’Ë®–°àÕ„À⇰‘¥¢âÕ§«“¡∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬„π ¿“…“∑’Ë„™â —≠≈—°…≥å¢Õß¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«Õ◊Ëπ b16718 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b16719 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b1672 Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√º ¡º “π‚¥¬√«¡¥â“π¿“…“ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵∑’Ë®—¥√–∫∫ ¥â“𧫓¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ”查·≈– —≠≈—°…≥å,‚§√ß √â“ß ¢Õ߉«¬“°√≥å, ·≈–§«“¡§‘¥„π°“√∑’Ë®–∑”„À⇰‘¥¢âÕ§«“¡∑’ˇªìπ°“√查, °“√‡¢’¬π À√◊Õ≈—°…≥–Õ◊ËπÊ ¢Õß¿“…“ b1678 Àπâ“∑’Ë∑“ß®‘µ¥â“π¿“…“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1679 Àπâ“∑’Ë∑“ß®‘µ¢Õߥâ“π¿“…“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

59 Body Functions ICF

b172 Calculation functions Specific mental functions of determination, approximation and manipulation of mathematical symbols and processes. Inclusions: functions of addition, subtraction, and other simple mathematical calculations; functions of complex mathematical operations Exclusions: attention functions (b140); memory functions (b144); thought functions (b160); higher-level cognitive functions (b164); mental functions of language (b167)

b1720 Simple calculation Mental functions of computing with numbers, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

b1721 Complex calculation Mental functions of translating word problems into arithmetic procedures, translating mathematical formulas into arithmetic procedures, and other complex manipulations involving numbers.

b1728 Calculation functions, other specified

b1729 Calculation functions, unspecified

b176 Mental function of sequencing complex movements Specific mental functions of sequencing and coordinating complex, purposeful movements. Inclusions: impairments such as in ideation, ideomotor, dressing, oculomotor and speech apraxia Exclusions: psychomotor functions (b147); higher-level cognitive functions (b164); Chapter 7 Neuromusculoskeletal and Movement-Related Functions

b180 Experience of self and time functions Specific mental functions related to the awareness of one's identity, one's body, one's position in the reality of one's environment and of time. Inclusions: functions of experience of self, body image and time

b1800 Experience of self Specific mental functions of being aware of one's own identity and one's position in the reality of the environment around oneself. Inclusion: impairments such as depersonalization and derealization

60 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b172 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§”π«≥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß„π°“√∑’Ë°”Àπ¥·≈–ª√–¡“≥·≈–®—¥°“√¢Õß —≠≈—°…≥å·≈– °√–∫«π°“√∑“߇≈¢§≥‘µ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∫«°, ≈∫·≈–°“√§”π«≥∑“ߧ≥‘µ»“ µ√å·∫∫ßà“¬Õ◊ËπÊ; °“√ ∑”ß“π¢Õߪؑ∫—µ‘°“√¥â“π§≥‘µ»“ µ√å∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡ π„® (b140); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𧫓¡®” (b144); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“𠧫“¡§‘¥ (b160); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ√–¥—∫ Ÿß¢÷Èπ (b164); Àπâ“∑’Ë∑“ß®‘µ¥â“π¿“…“ (b167) b1720 °“√§”π«≥Õ¬à“ßßà“¬ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ„π°“√§‘¥§”π«≥µ—«‡≈¢ ‡™àπ °“√∫«°, ≈∫, §Ÿ≥·≈–À“√ b1721 °“√§”π«≥·∫∫´—∫´âÕπ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ„π°“√·ª≈ªí≠À“∑’ˇªìπ§”查„ÀâÕÕ°¡“‡ªìπ«‘∏’°“√¢Õ߇≈¢§≥‘µ, ·ª≈ Ÿµ√∑“ߧ≥‘µ»“ µ√å„ÀâÕÕ°¡“‡ªìπ«‘∏’°“√∑“߇≈¢§≥‘µ √«¡∑—Èß«‘∏’°“√∑’Ë´—∫ ´âÕπ„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘‡°’ˬ«°—∫µ—«‡≈¢ b1728 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§”π«≥, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1729 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§”π«≥, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b176 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ ¥â“π°“√‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫ °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ Àπâ“∑’Ë∑“ß®‘µ‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß„π°“√‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫·≈–ª√– “𧫓¡´—∫´âÕπ¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’Ë¡’ ®¥À¡“¬ÿ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕ߇™àπ ¥â“π°“√ √â“ß √√§å§«“¡π÷°§‘¥, ¥â“π°“√°√–∑”∑’ˇπ◊ËÕß®“°§«“¡ §‘¥, °“√·µàß°“¬ °“√°√Õ°µ“ ·≈–¿“«–‡ ’¬°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‰¡à√«¡ : Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥ (b147); Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ√–¥—∫∑’Ë Ÿß ¢÷Èπ (b164); ∫∑∑’Ë 7 «à“¥â«¬ ‡√◊ËÕß√–∫∫ª√– “∑·≈–°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ« °—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« b180 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪ√– ∫°“√≥å à«πµπ·≈–‡«≈“ Àπâ“∑’Ë∑“ß®‘µ‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∂÷߇հ≈—°…≥å¢Õßµπ, ∂÷ß√à“ß°“¬¢Õßµπ, ∂÷ß ∂“π¿“æ¢Õßµπ„𧫓¡‡ªìπ®√‘ߢÕß ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡ ·≈–¢Õ߇«≈“ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪ√– ∫°“√≥å à«πµπ ‡Õ°≈—°…≥å√à“ß°“¬·≈–‡«≈“ b1800 ª√– ∫°“√≥å à«πµπ Àπâ“∑’Ë∑“ß®‘µ‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ߢÕß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∂÷߇հ≈—°…≥å¢Õßµπ‡Õß·≈– ∂“π¿“æ¢Õß µπ‡Õß„π§«“¡‡ªìπ®√‘ߢÕß ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ·≈–À≈ÿ¥≈Õ¬®“°§«“¡‡ªìπ®√‘ß

60 Body Functions ICF

b1801 Body image Specific mental functions related to the representation and awareness of one's body. Inclusion: impairments such as phantom limb and feeling too fat or too thin

b1802 Experience of time Specific mental functions of the subjective experiences related to the length and passage of time. Inclusion: impairments such as jamais vu and déjà vu

b1808 Experience of self and time functions, other specified

b1809 Experience of self and time functions, unspecified

b189 Specific mental functions, other specified and unspecified

b198 Mental functions, other specified

b199 Mental functions, unspecified

61 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b1801 ¿“æ≈—°…≥å¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ ‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫ °“√√—∫√Ÿâ„π ¿“æ√à“ß°“¬¢Õßµπ‡Õßµ“¡ ∑’˪√“°Æ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ“°“√·¢π¢“À≈Õπ À√◊ÕÕ“°“√∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°«à“Õâ«π‡°‘π‰ª À√◊ÕºÕ¡‡°‘π‰ª b1802 ª√– ∫°“√≥å¢Õß°“≈‡«≈“ °“√∑”ß“π‡©æ“–∑“ß®‘µ¢Õߪ√– ∫°“√≥å∑’ˇªìππ“¡∏√√¡∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–¬– ·≈– ™à«ß¢Õ߇«≈“∑’˺à“π‰ª √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ“°“√¢Õß Jamais vu ·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“®” ‘ËßÀπ÷Ëß ‘Ëß „¥‰¥â∑—Èß∑’ˉ¡à‡§¬ª√– ∫¡“°àÕπ b1808 Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“πª√– ∫°“√≥å à«πµπ·≈–°“≈‡«≈“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b1809 Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“πª√– ∫°“√≥å à«πµπ·≈–°“≈‡«≈“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b189 °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß®‘µ‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b198 °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß®‘µ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b199 °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß®‘µ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

61 Body Functions ICF Chapter 2 Sensory functions and pain This chapter is about the functions of the senses, seeing, hearing, tasting and so on, as well as the sensation of pain. Seeing and related functions (b210-b229)

b210 Seeing functions Sensory functions relating to sensing the presence of light and sensing the form, size, shape and colour of the visual stimuli. Inclusions: visual acuity functions; visual field functions; quality of vision; functions of sensing light and colour, visual acuity of distant and near vision, monocular and binocular vision; visual picture quality; impairments such as myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, hemianopia, colour-blindness, tunnel vision, central and peripheral scotoma, diplopia, night blindness and impaired adaptability to light Exclusion: perceptual functions (b156)

b2100 Visual acuity functions Seeing functions of sensing form and contour, both binocular and monocular, for both distant and near vision.

b21000 Binocular acuity of distant vision Seeing functions of sensing size, form and contour, using both eyes, for objects distant from the eye.

b21001 Monocular acuity of distant vision Seeing functions of sensing size, form and contour, using either right or left eye alone, for objects distant from the eye.

b21002 Binocular acuity of near vision Seeing functions of sensing size, form and contour, using both eyes, for objects close to the eye.

b21003 Monocular acuity of near vision Seeing functions of sensing size, form and contour, using either right or left eye alone, for objects close to the eye.

b21008 Visual acuity functions, other specified

b21009 Visual acuity functions, unspecified

62 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à ∫∑∑’Ë 2 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —¡º— ·≈– §«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ „π∫∑π’È®–°≈à“«∂÷߇√◊ËÕߢÕß —¡º— , °“√‡ÀÁπ, °“√‰¥â¬‘π, °“√√—∫√Ÿâ√ ·≈–Õ◊ËπÊ √«¡∑—Èߧ«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß §«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ·≈– à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß (b210-b229) b210 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡ÀÁπ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —¡º— ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√ √Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ß· ß «à“ß √Ÿª∑√ß, ¢π“¥, √Ÿª√à“ß ·≈– ’¢Õß ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ∑“ß °“√‡ÀÁπ √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß≈“𠓬µ“; §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√‡ÀÁπ; °“√ ∑”ß“π¢Õߪ√– “∑√—∫· ß·≈– ’, “¬µ“ √–¬–‰°≈·≈–„°≈â, °“√‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬µ“¢â“߇¥’¬«, °“√‡ÀÁπ‡ªìπ¿“懥’¬«¥â«¬ 2 µ“, ·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß¿“æ∑’ˇÀÁπ; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß : ‡™à𠓬µ“ —Èπ, “¬µ“¬“«, “¬µ“‡Õ’¬ß, µ“∫Õ¥§√÷Ëß´’°, µ“∫Õ¥ ’, ¥«ß¡◊¥„π≈“𠓬µ“ à«π°≈“ß, ¥«ß¡◊¥„π≈“𠓬µ“√Õ∫πÕ°, °“√‡ÀÁπ¿“æ´âÕπ, µ“∫Õ¥ „π‡«≈“°≈“ߧ◊π ·≈–§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√ª√—∫ “¬µ“µàÕ· ß «à“ß∫°æ√àÕß ¬°‡«âπ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ (b156) b2100 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ√Ÿª∑√ß·≈–æ◊Èπº‘«®“°∑—Èßµ“¢â“߇¥’¬«À√◊Õ Õß ¢â“ß ‡¡◊ËÕ¡Õß∑—Èß√–¬–„°≈â·≈–√–¬–‰°≈ b21000 °“√‡ÀÁπ„π√–¬–‰°≈ ¥â«¬µ“ Õߢâ“ß °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ„π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢Õߢπ“¥, √Ÿª∑√ß·≈–‡§â“√Ÿª‚¥¬ „™âµ“∑—Èß Õߢâ“ß¡Õß¡“∑’Ë«—µ∂ÿ®“°√–¬–‰°≈ b21001 °“√‡ÀÁπ„π√–¬–‰°≈ ¥â«¬µ“¢â“߇¥’¬« °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ„π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢Õߢπ“¥, √Ÿª∑√ß·≈–‡§â“√Ÿª ‚¥¬„™â µ“¢â“߇¥’¬« (¢â“ߴ⓬À√◊Õ¢â“ߢ«“) ¡Õß¡“∑’Ë«—µ∂ÿ®“°√–¬–‰°≈ b21002 °“√‡ÀÁπ„π√–¬–„°≈⠥⫬µ“ Õߢâ“ß °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ„π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢Õߢπ“¥, √Ÿª∑√ß·≈–‡§â“√Ÿª ‚¥¬„™â µ“∑—Èß Õߢâ“ß¡Õß¡“∑’Ë«—µ∂ÿ„π√–¬–„°≈â b21003 §«“¡™—¥‡®π®“°°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ„π√–¬–„°≈â¥â«¬µ“¢â“߇¥’¬« °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ„π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢Õߢπ“¥, √Ÿª∑√ß·≈–‡§â“√Ÿª ‚¥¬„™â µ“¢â“߇¥’¬« (™â“ߴ⓬À√◊Õ¢â“ߢ«“) ¡Õß¡“∑’Ë«—µ∂ÿ„π√–¬–„°≈â b21008 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ, Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b21009 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

62 Body Functions ICF

b2101 Visual field functions Seeing functions related to the entire area that can be seen with fixation of gaze. Inclusions: impairments such as in scotoma, tunnel vision, anopsia

b2102 Quality of vision Seeing functions involving light sensitivity, colour vision, contrast sensitivity and the overall quality of the picture.

b21020 Light sensitivity Seeing functions of sensing a minimum amount of light (light minimum), and the minimum difference in intensity (light difference.) Inclusions: functions of dark adaptation; impairments such as night blindness (hyposensitivity to light) and photophobia (hypersensitivity to light)

b21021 Colour vision Seeing functions of differentiating and matching colours.

b21022 Contrast sensitivity Seeing functions of separating figure from ground, involving the minimum amount of luminance required.

b21023 Visual picture quality Seeing functions involving the quality of the picture. Inclusions: impairments such as in seeing stray lights, affected picture quality (floaters or webbing), picture distortion, and seeing stars or flashes

b21028 Quality of vision, other specified

b21029 Quality of vision, unspecified

b2108 Seeing functions, other specified

b2109 Seeing functions, unspecified

63 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b2101 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß≈“𠓬µ“ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡ÀÁπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫∫√‘‡«≥∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’Ë “¡“√∂‡ÀÁπ‰¥â¥â«¬°“√®âÕß∑’Ë ®ÿ¥¬÷¥ √«¡∂÷ß : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ¥«ß¡◊¥„π≈“𠓬µ“ °“√‡ÀÁπ·∫∫Õÿ‚¡ß§å “¬µ“ ‡ ’¬ b2102 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√‡ÀÁπ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡‰«µàÕ· ß, °“√‡ÀÁπ ’, §«“¡‰«µàÕ°“√ ‡ª√’¬∫µà“ß ·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æ‚¥¬√«¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß¿“æ b21020 §«“¡‰«µàÕ· ß °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢Õߪ√‘¡“≥πâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥¢Õß· ß (· ß πâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥) ·≈–ª√‘¡“≥πâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥¢Õߧ«“¡·µ°µà“ߢÕߧ«“¡‡¢â¡ (§«“¡ ·µ°µà“ߢÕß· ß) √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ª√—∫µ—«„À⇢⓰—∫§«“¡¡◊¥; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™à𠵓∫Õ¥„π‡«≈“°≈“ߧ◊𠧫“¡‰«µàÕ· ßπâÕ¬°«à“ ·≈–§«“¡‰«µàÕ · ß¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘ b21021 °“√‡ÀÁπ ’ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√·¬°·¬– ·≈–°“√®—∫§Ÿà ’ b21022 §«“¡‰«µàÕ°“√‡ª√’¬∫µà“ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡ÀÁπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√·¬°«—µ∂ÿ®“°æ◊Èπ ‚¥¬„™âª√‘¡“≥ · ßπâÕ¬∑ ’Ë ¥ÿ b21023 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß¿“æ∑’Ë¡Õ߇ÀÁπ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß¿“æ∑’ˇÀÁπ √«¡∂÷ß : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√‡ÀÁπ · ß ‡µ√¬å, §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß¿“æ∑’Ë º‘¥ª°µ‘ (‚æ≈µ‡µÕ√å À√◊Õ‡«∫∫‘ß), °“√∫‘¥‡∫’Ȭ«¢Õß¿“æ ·≈–°“√‡ÀÁπ · ßÀ√◊Õ‰ø«“∫ b21028 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√‡ÀÁπ, Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b21029 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√‡ÀÁπ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b2108 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ, Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b2109 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

63 Body Functions ICF

b215 Functions of structures adjoining the eye Functions of structures in and around the eye that facilitate seeing functions. Inclusions: functions of internal muscles of the eye, eyelid, external muscles of the eye, including voluntary and tracking movements and fixation of the eye, lachrymal glands, accommodation, pupillary reflex; impairments such as in nystagmus, xerophthalmia and ptosis Exclusions: seeing functions (b210); Chapter 7 Neuromusculoskeletal and Movement-related Functions

b2150 Functions of internal muscles of the eye Functions of the muscles inside the eye, such as the iris, that adjust the shape and size of the pupil and lens of the eye. Inclusions: functions of accommodation; pupillary reflex

b2151 Functions of the eyelid Functions of the eyelid, such as the protective reflex.

b2152 Functions of external muscles of the eye Functions of the muscles that are used to look in different directions, to follow an object as it moves across the visual field, to produce saccadic jumps to catch up with a moving target, and to fix the eye. Inclusions: nystagmus; cooperation of both eyes

b2153 Functions of lachrymal glands Functions of the tear glands and ducts.

b2158 Functions of structures adjoining the eye, other specified

b2159 Functions of structures adjoining the eye, unspecified

b220 Sensations associated with the eye and adjoining structures Sensations of tired, dry and itching eye and related feelings. Inclusions: feelings of pressure behind the eye, of something in the eye, eye strain, burning in the eye; eye irritation Exclusion: sensation of pain (b280)

b229 Seeing and related functions, other specified and unspecified

64 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b215 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß∑’˵àÕ‡π◊ËÕß®“°µ“ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß¿“¬„π·≈–‚¥¬√Õ∫¥«ßµ“∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡ÀÁπ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¿“¬„πµ“, Àπ—ßµ“, °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¿“¬πÕ°, √«¡∂÷ß°“√∑”ß“π ¢Õß°“√¡Õßµ“¡ ∑—Èß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà·≈–‰¡àÕ¬Ÿà„µâÕ”π“®®‘µ„® ·≈–°“√‡æàß¡Õß®ÿ¥¬÷¥¢Õßµ“, µàÕ¡ πÈ”µ“, °“√ª√—∫µ“¥Ÿ„°≈≰≈, ¡à“πµ“; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ“°“√µ“°√–µÿ°, ¿“«–‡¬◊ËÕµ“ ·≈–°√–®°µ“·Àâß ·≈–Àπ—ßµ“µ° ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡ÀÁπ (b210); ∫∑∑’Ë 7 «à“¥â«¬‡√◊ËÕß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪ√– “∑ °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ√à«¡‚§√ß√à“ß·≈– à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« b2150 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ¿“¬„π¢Õߥ«ßµ“ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¿“¬„𵓠‡™àπ ¡à“𵓠∑’˪√—∫√Ÿª∑√ß·≈–¢π“¥¢Õß√Ÿ ¡à“𵓷≈–‡≈π 巰⫵“ √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ª√—∫µ“¥Ÿ„°≈≰≈; √’‡øì≈°´å¡à“𵓠b2151 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀπ—ßµ“ °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀπ—ßµ“ ‡™àπ √’‡øì≈°´å¢Õß°“√ªÑÕß°—π b2152 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ¿“¬πÕ°µ“ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√¡Õß∑‘»∑“ßµà“ßÊ, ¡Õßµ“¡«—µ∂ÿ∑’ˇ§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà „π√—»¡’¢Õß≈“𠓬µ“, „™â„π°“√°àÕ„À⇰‘¥ ·´§§“¥‘° ®—¡æå ‡æ◊ËÕ®—∫µ“¡Õ߇ªÑ“À¡“¬∑’ˇ§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ·≈–‡æ◊ËÕ„Àⵓ®âÕßÕ¬Ÿà°—∫∑’Ë √«¡ : Õ“°“√µ“°√–µÿ°; °“√ª√– “πß“π¢Õßµ“∑—Èß Õߢâ“ß b2153 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßµàÕ¡πÈ”µ“ °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßµàÕ¡πÈ”µ“ ·≈–∑àÕπÈ”µ“ b2158 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß∑’˵àÕ‡π◊ËÕß®“°µ“, Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b2159 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß∑’˵àÕ‡π◊ËÕß®“°µ“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b220 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫µ“·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’˵àÕ‡π◊ËÕß Õ“°“√¢Õߧ«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡Àπ◊ËÕ¬, ·Àâß·≈–√–§“¬µ“·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß √«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õߧ«“¡¥—π¢â“ßÀ≈—ßÀ√◊Õ¿“¬„πµ“, §«“¡≈â“¢Õßµ“, ‡®Á∫À√◊Õ√–§“¬µ“ ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280) b229 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡ÀÁπ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

64 Body Functions ICF Hearing and vestibular functions (b230-b249)

b230 Hearing functions Sensory functions relating to sensing the presence of sounds and discriminating the location, pitch, loudness and quality of sounds. Inclusions: functions of hearing, auditory discrimination, localization of sound source, lateralization of sound, speech discrimination; impairments such as deafness, hearing impairment and hearing loss Exclusions: perceptual functions (b156) and mental functions of language (b167)

b2300 Sound detection Sensory functions relating to sensing the presence of sounds.

b2301 Sound discrimination Sensory functions relating to sensing the presence of sound involving the differentiation of ground and binaural synthesis, separation and blending.

b2302 Localisation of sound source Sensory functions relating to determining the location of the source of sound.

b2303 Lateralization of sound Sensory functions relating to determining whether the sound is coming from the right or left side.

b2304 Speech discrimination Sensory functions relating to determining spoken language and distinguishing it from other sounds.

b2308 Hearing functions, other specified

b2309 Hearing functions, unspecified

b235 Vestibular functions Sensory functions of the inner ear related to position, balance and movement. Inclusions: functions of position and positional sense; functions of balance of the body and movement Exclusion: sensation associated with hearing and vestibular functions (b240)

65 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‰¥â¬‘π·≈–°“√∑√ßµ—« (b230-b249) b230 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‰¥â¬‘π °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß à«π√—∫√Ÿâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫‡ ’¬ß ·≈–·¬°·¬–∑’Ë¡“¢Õ߇ ’¬ß, §«“¡∂’Ë, §«“¡¥—ß ·≈– §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õ߇ ’¬ß √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‰¥â¬‘π, °“√·¬°·¬–‡ ’¬ß, °“√À“∑’Ë¡“¢Õßµâ𰔇𑥇 ’¬ß, °“√°”Àπ¥¥â“π∑’Ë¡“¢Õ߇ ’¬ß, °“√·¬°·¬–‡ ’¬ß查; §«“¡ª°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ“°“√Àπ«°, §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß°“√‰¥â¬‘π ·≈–°“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬°“√‰¥â¬‘π ¬°‡«âπ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ (b156) ·≈–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ¥â“π¿“…“ (b167) b2300 °“√µ√«®®—∫‡ ’¬ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫§«“¡ “¡“√∂√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ß°“√¡’‡ ’¬ß b2301 °“√·¬°·¬–‡ ’¬ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫§«“¡ “¡“√∂√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ß°“√¡’‡ ’¬ß ‡°’ˬ«æ—π°—∫°“√ ·¬°§«“¡·µ°µà“ß∑’Ë —߇§√“–Àå‚¥¬ÀŸ 2 ¢â“ß °“√·¬°·≈–°“√√«¡‡ ’¬ß b2302 °“√À“∑’Ë¡“¢Õßµâ𰔇𑥇 ’¬ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√À“∑’˵—ÈߢÕßµâ𰔇𑥇 ’¬ß b2303 °“√°”Àπ¥¥â“π∑’Ë¡“¢Õ߇ ’¬ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√°”Àπ¥∑’Ë¡“¢Õ߇ ’¬ß«à“¡“®“°¥â“π¢«“¡◊Õ À√◊մ⓬¡◊Õ b2304 °“√·¬°·¬– ‡ ’¬ß查 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√·¬°‡ ’¬ß∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√查®“°‡ ’¬ßÕ◊ËπÊ b2308 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‰¥â¬‘π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b2309 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‰¥â¬‘π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b235 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∑√ßµ—« °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢ÕßÀŸ™—Èπ„π ∑’Ë∑”Àπâ“∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫ µ”·Àπàß, ¡¥ÿ≈ ·≈– °“√ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¬◊π·≈–°“√√Ÿâµ”·Àπàß; °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—°…“ ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õß √à“ß°“¬·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ¬°‡«âπ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√‰¥â¬‘π·≈–°“√∑√ßµ—« (b240)

65 Body Functions ICF

b2350 Vestibular function of position Sensory functions of the inner ear related to determining the position of the body.

b2351 Vestibular function of balance Sensory functions of the inner ear related to determining the balance of the body.

b2352 Vestibular function of determination of movement Sensory functions of the inner ear related to determining movement of the body, including its direction and speed.

b2358 Vestibular functions, other specified

b2359 Vestibular functions, unspecified

b240 Sensations associated with hearing and vestibular function Sensations of dizziness, falling, tinnitus and vertigo. Inclusions: sensations of ringing in ears, irritation in ear, aural pressure, nausea associated with dizziness or vertigo Exclusions: vestibular functions (b235); sensation of pain (b280)

b2400 Ringing in ears or tinnitus Sensation of low-pitched rushing, hissing or ringing in the ear.

b2401 Dizziness Sensation of motion involving either oneself or one's environment; sensation of rotating, swaying or tilting.

b2402 Sensation of falling Sensation of losing one's grip and falling.

b2403 Nausea associated with dizziness or vertigo Sensation of wanting to vomit that arises from dizziness or vertigo.

b2404 Irritation in the ear Sensation of itching or other similar sensations in the ear.

b2405 Aural pressure Sensation of pressure in the ear.

b2408 Sensations associated with hearing and vestibular function, other specified

66 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b2350 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∑√ßµ—«¢Õßµ”·Àπàß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢ÕßÀŸ à«π„π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√°”Àπ¥µ”·Àπàß∑’˵—ÈߢÕß √à“ß°“¬ b2351 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∑√ßµ—«¢Õß ¡¥ÿ≈ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢ÕßÀŸ à«π„π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√°”Àπ¥ ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õß°“√∑√ßµ—« ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ b2352 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∑√ßµ—«¢Õß °“√∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢ÕßÀŸ à«π„π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√°”Àπ¥°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß √à“ß°“¬, √«¡∑—Èß∑‘»∑“ß·≈–§«“¡‡√Á« b2358 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∑√ßµ—«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ Ê b2359 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∑√ßµ—«, ∑’Ë¡‘‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b240 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‰¥â¬‘π ·≈–°“√∑√ßµ—« §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡«’¬π»’√…–, °“√‡ªìπ≈¡, °“√¡’‡ ’¬ß„πÀŸ, ·≈–‡«’¬πÀ—« √«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“¡’‡ ’¬ß„πÀŸ, °“√√–§“¬ÀŸ, §«“¡¥—π„π™àÕßÀŸ Õ“°“√§≈◊Ëπ‰ â∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß °—∫§«“¡‡«’¬π»’√…– ·≈–Õ“°“√√Ÿâ ÷°À¡ÿπ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∑√ßµ—« (b235); §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280) b2400 °“√‰¥â¬‘π‡ ’¬ß„πÀŸ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“‰¥â¬‘π‡ ’¬ß§«“¡∂’˵˔, ‡ ’¬ßŒ‘ ´‘ß À√◊Õ‡ ’¬ß§≈⓬°√–¥‘Ëß„πÀŸ, ringing „πÀŸ b2401 §«“¡‡«’¬π»’√…– §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«µπ‡ÕßÀ√◊Õ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡; §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°À¡ÿπ ·°«àß À√◊Õ ‡Õ¬ß’ b2402 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß°“√À≈àπÀ√◊Õ≈â¡ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°«à“æ≈—Èß·≈–≈â¡≈ß b2403 °“√§≈◊Ëπ‰ â∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡‡«’¬π»’√…– ·≈–Õ“°“√√Ÿâ ÷°À¡ÿπ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°Õ¬“°®–Õ“‡®’¬π∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√«‘߇«’¬π·≈–‡«’¬πÀ—« b2404 °“√√–§“¬„π™àÕßÀŸ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°§—πÀ√◊ÕÕ“°“√„°≈⇧’¬ß„π™àÕßÀŸ b2405 §«“¡¥—π„πÀŸ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“¡’§«“¡¥—π„π™àÕßÀŸ b2408 §«“¡√â Ÿ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‰¥â¬‘π·≈–°“√∑√ßµ—«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

66 Body Functions ICF

b2409 Sensations associated with hearing and vestibular function, unspecified

b249 Hearing and vestibular functions, other specified and unspecified Additional sensory functions (b250-b279)

b250 Taste function Sensory functions of sensing qualities of bitterness, sweetness, sourness and saltiness. Inclusions: gustatory functions; impairments such as ageusia and hypogeusia

b255 Smell function Sensory functions of sensing odours and smells. Inclusions: olfactory functions; impairments such as anosmia or hyposmia

b260 Proprioceptive function Sensory functions of sensing the relative position of body parts. Inclusions: functions of statesthesia and kinaesthesia Exclusions: vestibular functions (b235); sensations related to muscles and movement functions (b780)

b265 Touch function Sensory functions of sensing surfaces and their texture or quality. Inclusions: functions of touching, feeling of touch; impairments such as numbness, anaesthesia, tingling, paraesthesia and hyperaesthesia Exclusions: sensory functions related to temperature and other stimuli (b270)

b270 Sensory functions related to temperature and other stimuli Sensory functions of sensing temperature, vibration, pressure and noxious stimulus. Inclusions: functions of being sensitive to temperature, vibration, shaking or oscillation, superficial pressure, deep pressure, burning sensation or a noxious stimulus Exclusions: touch functions (b265); sensation of pain (b280)

b2700 Sensitivity to temperature Sensory functions of sensing cold and heat.

67 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b2409 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‰¥â¬‘π·≈–°“√∑√ßµ—«, ∑’Ë¡‘‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b249 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‰¥â¬‘π·≈–°“√∑√ßµ—«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õߥâ“π°“√√—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° (b250-b279) b250 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ„π°“√√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ß√ ™“µ‘¢Õߧ«“¡¢¡, À«“π, ‡ª√’Ȭ«·≈–‡§Á¡ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√Ÿâ√ , §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ¿“«–‡ ’¬°“√√Ÿâ√ ·≈–°“√√Ÿâ√ πâÕ¬≈ß b255 à«π¢Õß°“√√—∫°≈‘Ëπ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ°≈‘Ëπ·≈–°“√‰¥â°≈‘Ëπ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¥¡°≈‘Ëπ; °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ ‡™àπ °“√‰¡à‰¥â°≈‘Ëπ À√◊Õ°“√‰¥â°≈‘Ëπ πâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘ b260 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ„π à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬„πµ”·Àπàßµà“ßÊ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡¡◊ËÕÕ¬Ÿàπ‘Ëß ·≈–°“√√—∫√Ÿâ°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∑√ßµ—« (b235) °“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈– °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« (b780) b265 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ —¡º— °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡°’ˬ«°—∫æ◊Èπº‘«·≈–≈—°…≥– À√◊Õ§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õßæ◊Èπº‘« √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ —¡º— , §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß°“√ —¡º— ; °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ ‡™àπ Õ“°“√™“, °“√‡ªìπ‡ÀπÁ∫, °“√√Ÿâ ÷°‡ ’¬«·ª≈∫, °“√√—∫ —¡º— ‡æ’Ȭπ, °“√√—∫ —¡º— ‰¥â¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘ √Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ß°“√ —¡º— ‰¡à√«¡ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“πÕÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ ·≈–µ—«°√–µÿâπÕ◊ËπÊ (b270) b270 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘·≈–µ—«°√–µÿâπÕ◊Ëπ Ê °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√‡°Ÿâ ’ˬ«°—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘, °“√ —Ëπ –‡∑◊Õπ, §«“¡°¥¥—π·≈– ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ∑’Ë ‡ªìπÕπµ√“¬— √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡√Ÿâ ÷°‰«µàÕÕÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘, °“√ —Ëπ –‡∑◊Õπ, °“√‡¢¬à“À√◊Õ°“√À¡ÿπ, ·√ß°¥√–¥—∫µ◊Èπ, ·√ß°¥√–¥—∫≈÷°, §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°√âÕπºà“«À√◊Õ ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ∑’ˇªìπÕ—πµ√“¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫°“√ —¡º— (b265); §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° ‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280) b2700 §«“¡‰«µàÕ°“√√—∫√ŸâÕÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡°’ˬ«°—∫§«“¡‡¬Áπ·≈–§«“¡√âÕπ

67 Body Functions ICF

b2701 Sensitivity to vibration Sensory functions of sensing shaking or oscillation.

b2702 Sensitivity to pressure Sensory functions of sensing pressure against or on the skin. Inclusions: impairments such as sensitivity to touch, numbness, hypaesthesia, hyperaesthesia, paraesthesia and tingling

b2703 Sensitivity to a noxious stimulus Sensory functions of sensing painful or uncomfortable sensations. Inclusions: impairments such as hypalgesia, hyperpathia, allodynia, analgesia and anaesthesia dolorosa

b2708 Sensory functions related to temperature and other stimuli, other specified

b2709 Sensory functions related to temperature and other stimuli, unspecified

b279 Additional sensory functions, other specified and unspecified Pain (b280-b289)

b280 Sensation of pain Sensation of unpleasant feeling indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure. Inclusions: sensations of generalized or localized pain, in one or more body part, pain in a dermatome, stabbing pain, burning pain, dull pain, aching pain; impairments such as myalgia, analgesia and hyperalgesia

b2800 Generalized pain Sensation of unpleasant feeling indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure felt all over, or throughout the body.

b2801 Pain in body part Sensation of unpleasant feeling indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure felt in a specific part, or parts, of the body.

68 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b2701 °“√√—∫√ŸâµàÕ°“√ —Ëπ –‡∑◊Õπ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’Ë∑”„Àâ∂÷ߧ«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ß°“√‡¢¬à“ À√◊Õ°“√·°«àß b2702 §«“¡‰«µàÕ·√ß°¥ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’Ë√—∫√Ÿâ·√ß°¥¥—π∑’ˇ°‘¥¢’Èπ°—∫º‘«Àπ—ßÀ√◊Õ∫πº‘«Àπ—ß √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß„π°“√√—∫ —¡º— ‡™à𠧫“¡‰«µàÕ°“√ —¡º— , Õ“°“√™“, °“√√—∫ —¡º— ‰¥âπâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘, °“√√—∫ —¡º— ‰¥â¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘, °“√√—∫ —¡º— ∑’ˇæ’Ȭπ ·≈–°“√√Ÿâ ÷°‡ ’¬«·ª≈∫ b2703 §«“¡‰«µàÕ ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ∑’ˇªìπÕ—πµ√“¬ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—∫√µŸâ àÕ§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ À√◊Õ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°‰¡à ∫“¬ √«¡ : °“√∫°æ√àÕß„π°“√√—∫ —¡º— ‡™àπ ¿“«–√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫πâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘, §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° µÕ∫ πÕß¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘®“° ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ„À⇮Á∫ª«¥, §«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥∑’˺‘¥ª°µ‘®“° ‘Ëß °√–µÿâπ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπÕ—πµ√“¬, °“√‰¡à√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ ·≈–§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ‡Õß„π ∫√‡«≥∑‘ ’ˉ¡à¡’§«“¡√Ÿâ °÷ b2708 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘·≈– ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπÕ◊Ëπ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b2709 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘·≈– ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπÕ◊Ëπ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ

b279 à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ¥â“π°“√√—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280-b289) b280 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‰¡à ∫“¬ ´÷Ëß∫Õ°∂÷ß·π«‚πâ¡∑’Ë®–‡°‘¥À√◊Õ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈â«¢Õߧ«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬µàÕ ‚§√ß √â“ß∫“ß à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ √«¡∂÷ß : °“√√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ∫“ß®ÿ¥, „π à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬Àπ÷Ëß à«πÀ√◊Õ¡“°°«à“, §«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥„π·π«√“°ª√– “∑, °“√‡®Á∫ª«¥§≈⓬∂Ÿ°·∑ß, ®“°°“√‡º“‰À¡â §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° √âÕπºà“«, ª«¥µ◊ÈÕÊ, ª«¥µÿä∫; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߥâ“π°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥ ‡™àπ Õ“°“√ª«¥°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, §«“¡‰¡à√Ÿâ‡®Á∫, ·≈–¿“«–‡®Á∫ª«¥¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘ b2800 Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥∑—Ë«∑—Èßµ—« §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‰¡à ∫“¬´÷Ëß∫Õ°∂÷ß·π«‚πâ¡∑’Ë®–‡°‘¥À√◊Õ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈â«¢Õߧ«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬µàÕ ‚§√ß √â“ß∫“ß à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–°àÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥µ≈Õ¥∑—Ë«∑—Èßµ—« b2801 Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥„π à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‰¡à ∫“¬∑’Ë∫Õ°∂÷ß·π«‚πâ¡∑’Ë®–‡°‘¥§«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬ À√◊Õ‡°‘¥Õ¬Ÿà·≈â«¢Õß ‚§√ß √â“ß√à“ß°“¬„π à«π∑’ˇ©æ“–π—Èπ À√◊ÕÀ≈“¬Ê à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬

68 Body Functions ICF

b28010 Pain in head and neck Sensation of unpleasant feeling indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure felt in the head and neck.

b28011 Pain in chest Sensation of unpleasant feeling indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure felt in the chest.

b28012 Pain in stomach or abdomen Sensation of unpleasant feeling indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure felt in the stomach or abdomen. Inclusion: pain in the pelvic region

b28013 Pain in back Sensation of unpleasant feeling indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure felt in the back. Inclusions: pain in the trunk; low backache

b28014 Pain in upper limb Sensation of unpleasant feeling indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure felt in either one or both upper limbs, including hands.

b28015 Pain in lower limb Sensation of unpleasant feeling indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure felt in either one or both lower limbs, including feet.

b28016 Pain in joints Sensation of unpleasant feeling indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure felt in one or more joints, including small and big joints. Inclusions: pain in the hip; pain in the shoulder

b28018 Pain in body part, other specified

b28019 Pain in body part, unspecified

b2802 Pain in multiple body parts Unpleasant sensation indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure located in several body parts.

69 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b28010 Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥∑’Ë»’√…–·≈–§Õ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õߧ«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ ´÷Ëß∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°‘¥¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈⫵àÕ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°‰¥â∑’Ë»’√…–·≈–§Õ b28011 Õ“°“√‡®Á∫„πÀπâ“Õ° °“√√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õߧ«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ ´÷Ëß∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ À√◊Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈⫵àÕ‚§√ß √â“ß∫“ß à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°‰¥â„πÀπâ“Õ° b28012 Õ“°“√‡®Á∫„π™àÕß∑âÕß °“√√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õߧ«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ ´÷Ëß∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ À√◊Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈⫵àÕ‚§√ß √â“ß√à“ß°“¬„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ À√◊Õ„π™àÕß∑âÕß √«¡ : Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥„π∫√‘‡«≥‡™‘ß°√“π b28013 Õ“°“√ª«¥À≈—ß °“√√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ߧ«“¡‰¡à ∫“¬ ´÷Ëß∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°‘¥¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈â«¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°‰¥â∑’ËÀ≈—ß √«¡ : Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥∑’Ë≈”µ—«; Õ“°“√ª«¥À≈—ßµÕπ≈à“ß b28014 Õ“°“√ª«¥∑’Ë·¢π °“√√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ߧ«“¡‰¡à ∫“¬ ´÷Ëß∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°‘¥¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈â«¢Õߧ«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬µàÕ‚§√ß √â“ß∫“ß à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë·¢π¢â“ß Àπ÷ËßÀ√◊Õ∑—Èß Õߢâ“ß√«¡∂÷ß¡◊ե⫬ b28015 °“√‡®Á∫ª«¥∑’Ë·¢π °“√√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ߧ«“¡‰¡à ∫“¬ ´÷Ëß∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°‘¥¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈â«¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß∫“ß à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°‰¥â∑’Ë¢“Àπ÷Ëߢâ“ßÀ√◊Õ ∑—Èß Õߢâ“ß√«¡∂÷߇∑â“ b28016 Õ“°“√ª«¥µ“¡¢âÕµàÕ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ߧ«“¡‰¡à ∫“¬ ´÷Ëß∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°‘¥¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈â«¢ÕßµàÕ‚§√ß √â“ß∫“ß à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°‰¥â µ“¡¢âÕµàÕ Àπ÷ËߢâÕ À√◊Õ¡“°°«à“ ∑—Èßπ’È√«¡∂÷ߢâÕ‡≈Á° ·≈–„À≠à √«¡∂÷ß : Õ“°“√ª«¥∑’Ë –‚æ°; Õ“°“√ª«¥∑’ˉÀ≈à b28018 Õ“°“√ª«¥µ“¡ à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b28019 Õ“°“√ª«¥µ“¡ à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b2802 Õ“°“√ª«¥„πÀ≈“¬ à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°‰¡à ∫“¬ ´÷Ëß∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ À√◊Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈â«¢Õß ‚§√ß √â“ß√à“ß°“¬„πÀ≈“¬Ê à«π

69 Body Functions ICF

b2803 Radiating pain in a dermatome Unpleasant sensation indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure located in areas of skin served by the same nerve root.

b2804 Radiating pain in a segment or region Unpleasant sensation indicating potential or actual damage to some body structure located in areas of skin in different body parts not served by the same nerve root.

b289 Sensation of pain, other specified and unspecified

b298 Sensory functions and pain, other specified

b299 Sensory functions and pain, unspecified

70 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b2803 Õ“°“√ª«¥√â“«µ“¡·π«√“°ª√– “∑ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°‰¡à ∫“¬ ´÷Ëß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°‘¥¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈â«¢Õß∫“ß à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∫√‘‡«≥º‘«Àπ—ß∑’ˇ≈’Ȭߥ⫬√“°ª√– “∑‡¥’¬«°—π b2804 Õ“°“√ª«¥√â“«µ“¡ à«πÀ√◊Õ∫√‘‡«≥ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°‰¡à ∫“¬ ´÷Ëß∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°‘¥¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ¡“·≈â« ¢Õß∫“ß à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∫√‘‡«≥º‘«Àπ—ß„π à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â‡≈’È¬ß ¥â«¬√“°ª√– “∑‡¥’¬«°—π b289 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b298 °“√√—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°·≈–§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b299 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°·≈–§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

70 Body Functions ICF Chapter 3 Voice and speech functions This chapter is about the functions of producing sounds and speech.

b310 Voice functions Functions of the production of various sounds by the passage of air through the larynx. Inclusions: functions of production and quality of voice; functions of phonation, pitch, loudness and other qualities of voice; impairments such as aphonia, dysphonia, hoarseness, hypernasality and hyponasality Exclusions: mental functions of language (b167); articulation functions (b320)

b3100 Production of voice Functions of the production of sound made through coordination of the larynx and surrounding muscles with the respiratory system. Inclusions: functions of phonation, loudness; impairment of aphonia

b3101 Quality of voice Functions of the production of characteristics of voice including pitch, resonance and other features. Inclusions: functions of high or low pitch; impairments such as hypernasality, hyponasality, dysphonia, hoarseness or harshness

b3108 Voice functions, other specified

b3109 Voice functions, unspecified

b320 Articulation functions Functions of the production of speech sounds. Inclusions: functions of enunciation, articulation of phonemes; spastic, ataxic, flaccid dysarthria; anarthria Exclusions: mental functions of language (b167); voice functions (b310)

71 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à ∫∑∑’Ë 3 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß·≈–°“√查 ∫∑π’È®–‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß·≈–°“√查 b310 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß °“√∑”ß“π∑”„À⇰‘¥ ‡ ’¬ßµà“ßÊ ‚¥¬¡’Õ“°“»ºà“π°≈àÕ߇ ’¬ß √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õ߇ ’¬ß; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡ª≈à߇ ’¬ß, §«“¡∂’Ë, §«“¡¥—ß·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æÕ◊ËπÊ ¢Õ߇ ’¬ß : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ‰¡à¡’‡ ’¬ß, ‡ ’¬ß‡∫“, ‡ ’¬ß·À∫, ‡ ’¬ß¢÷Èπ®¡Ÿ°¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘, ‡ ’¬ß¢÷Èπ®¡Ÿ°πâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘ ¬°‡«âπ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ¥â“π¿“…“ (b167); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß查 (b320) b3100 °“√°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∑”„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß Õ—π‡°‘¥®“°°“√∑”ß“π√à«¡°—π√–À«à“ß°≈àÕ߇ ’¬ß ·≈–°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∫√‘‡«≥‚¥¬√Õ∫°—∫√–∫∫°“√À“¬„® √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߥâ“π°“√‡ª≈à߇ ’¬ß §«“¡¥—ß; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑’Ë∑”„À≡ࡒ ‡ ’¬ß b3101 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õ߇ ’¬ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∑”„À⇰‘¥≈—°…≥–µà“ßÊ °—π¢Õ߇ ’¬ß ‰¥â·°à §«“¡∂’Ë §«“¡°âÕß °—ß«“≈ ·≈–≈—°…≥–Õ◊ËπÊ √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π„À⇰‘¥¢Õߧ«“¡∂’Ë ŸßÀ√◊յ˔; °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ ‡™àπ ‡ ’¬ß¢÷Èπ ®¡Ÿ°¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘, ‡ ’¬ß¢÷Èπ®¡Ÿ°πâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘, °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß≈”∫“°, ‡ ’¬ß·À∫ ‡ ’¬ßÀâ“« b3108 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b3109 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߥâ“π°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b320 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß查 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∑”„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß查 √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß, °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡ªìπÀπ૬§”; 查‰¡à™—¥®“°°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ‡§âπ‡°√Áß, 查‰¡à™—¥®“°°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢“¥°“√ª√– “π —¡æ—π∏å, 查‰¡à™—¥®“°°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÕàÕπ ·√ß æŸ¥‰¡à™—¥√–¥—∫√ÿπ·√ß ¬°‡«âπ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ¥â“π¿“…“ (b617); °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß (b310)

71 Body Functions ICF

b330 Fluency and rhythm of speech functions Functions of the production of flow and tempo of speech. Inclusions: functions of fluency, rhythm, speed and melody of speech; prosody and intonation; impairments such as stuttering, stammering, cluttering, bradylalia and tachylalia Exclusions: mental functions of language (b167); voice functions (b310); articulation functions (b320)

b3300 Fluency of speech Functions of the production of smooth, uninterrupted flow of speech. Inclusions: functions of smooth connection of speech; impairments such as stuttering, stammering, cluttering, dysfluency, repetition of sounds, words or parts of words and irregular breaks in speech

b3301 Rhythm of speech Functions of the modulated, tempo and stress patterns in speech. Inclusions: impairments such as stereotypic or repetitive speech cadence

b3302 Speed of speech Functions of the rate of speech production. Inclusions: impairments such as bradylalia and tachylalia

b3303 Melody of speech Functions of modulation of pitch patterns in speech. Inclusions: prosody of speech, intonation, melody of speech; impairments such as monotone speech

b3308 Fluency and rhythm of speech functions, other specified

b3309 Fluency and rhythm of speech functions, unspecified

b340 Alternative vocalization functions Functions of the production of other manners of vocalization. Inclusions: functions of the production of notes and range of sounds, such as in singing, chanting, babbling and humming; crying aloud and screaming Exclusions: mental functions of language (b167); voice functions (b310); articulation functions (b320); fluency and rhythm of speech functions (b330)

72 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b330 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡§≈àÕß ·≈– ®—ßÀ«–¢Õß°“√查 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥§«“¡µàÕ‡π◊ËÕß·≈–®—ßÀ«–„π°“√查 √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡§≈àÕß, ®—ßÀ«–, §«“¡‡√Á«·≈–∑à«ß∑”πÕߢÕß°“√查; —∑ —¡æ—π∏å·≈–∑”πÕ߇ ’¬ß; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√查µ‘¥Õà“ß, °“√查µ–°ÿ°µ–°—°, °“√ 查√—«, 查™â“, 查‡√Á« ¬°‡«âπ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ¥â“π¿“…“ (b167); °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß (b310); °“√ ∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß查 (b320) b3300 °“√查‰¥§≈â Õßà °“√∑”ß“π„π°“√查‰¥â√“∫√◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡àµ‘¥¢—¥ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π„π°“√查‰¥âµàÕ‡π◊ËÕßÕ¬à“ß√“∫√◊Ë𠧫“¡∫°æ√àÕ߉¥â·°à °“√查 µ‘¥Õà“ß °“√查µ–°ÿ°µ–°—° °“√查√—« °“√查‰¡à§≈àÕß °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß´È” „π°“√ 查¡’°“√·∫àߧ”À√◊Õ à«π¢Õߧ”º‘¥ª°µ‘ b3301 ®ßÀ«–„π°“√æ— ¥Ÿ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª√—∫‡ ’¬ß, ®—ßÀ«– ·≈–°“√‡πâπ‡ ’¬ß„π°“√查 √«¡∂÷ß : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√查·∫∫查´È”Ê À√◊Õ®—ßÀ«–查‡ ’¬ß´È” b3302 Õ—µ√“‡√«„π°“√æÁ ¥Ÿ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√°”Àπ¥Õ—µ√“§«“¡‡√Á«„π°“√查 √«¡∂÷ß : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ 查™â“°«à“ª°µ‘ ·≈–查‡√Á«°«à“ª°µ‘ b3303 ∑à«ß∑”πÕߢÕß°“√查 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߥâ“π°“√ª√—∫‡ª≈’ˬπ·π«¢Õߧ≈◊Ëπ‡ ’¬ß„π°“√查 √«¡∂÷ß : —∑ —¡æ—π∏å, ‡ ’¬ß ŸßµË”, ∑à«ß∑”πÕß„π°“√查 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√查·∫∫ ‡ ’¬ß§«“¡∂’Ë„π√–¥—∫‡¥’¬« b3308 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡§≈àÕß·≈–®—ßÀ«–„π°“√查∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b3309 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡§≈àÕß·≈–®—ßÀ«–„π°“√查∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b340 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√„™â‡ ’¬ß„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊ËπÊ °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥°“√„™â‡ ’¬ß¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√Õ◊Ëπ √«¡ : °“√∑”„À⇰‘¥∑”πÕß·≈–™à«ß¢Õß√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß‚πⵇæ≈ß·≈–‡ ’¬ßµà“ßÊ ‡™àπ °“√√âÕß ‡æ≈ß, °“√ «¥, °“√‡≈àπ‡ ’¬ß, °“√Œ—¡; °“√√âÕ߇ ’¬ß¥—ß·≈–°√’¥√âÕß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ¥â“π¿“…“ (b167); °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß (b310); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß查 (b320); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡§≈àÕß·≈–®—ßÀ«–„π°“√查 (b330)

72 Body Functions ICF

b3400 Production of notes Functions of production of musical vocal sounds. Inclusions: sustaining, modulating and terminating production of single or connected vocalizations with variation in pitch such as in singing, humming and chanting

b3401 Making a range of sounds Functions of production of a variety of vocalizations. Inclusion: functions of babbling in children

b3408 Alternative vocalization functions, other specified

b3409 Alternative vocalization functions, unspecified

b398 Voice and speech functions, other specified

b399 Voice and speech functions, unspecified

73 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b3400 °“√∑”„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß‚πⵇæ≈ß °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß‡ªìπ‡æ≈ß √«¡∂÷ß : °“√ª√–§Õß °“√≈“°‡ ’¬ß, ·≈–°“√ ‘Èπ ÿ¥¢Õß°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡¥’ˬ«À√◊Õ ‡ ’¬ß∑’˵àÕ‡π◊ËÕß°—π¥â«¬ °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕߧ«“¡∂’ˇ ’¬ß ‡™àπ „π°“√√âÕ߇æ≈ß, Œ—¡‡æ≈ß·≈– «¥ b3401 °“√∑”„À⇰‘¥™à«ß¢Õß√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß„π≈—°…≥–∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬ √«¡ : °“√‡≈àπ‡ ’¬ß„π‡¥Á°‡≈Á° b3408 °“√∑”ß“π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°“√„™â‡ ’¬ß„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b3409 °“√∑”ß“π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°“√„™â‡ ’¬ß„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b398 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥§”查·≈–‡ ’¬ß„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b399 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥§”查·≈–‡ ’¬ß„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

73 Body Functions ICF Chapter 4 Functions of the cardiovascular, haematological, immunological and respiratory systems This chapter is about the functions involved in the cardiovascular system (functions of the heart and blood vessels), the haematological and immunological systems (functions of blood production and immunity), and the respiratory system (functions of respiration and exercise tolerance). Functions of the cardiovascular system (b410-b429)

b410 Heart functions Functions of pumping the blood in adequate or required amounts and pressure throughout the body. Inclusions: functions of heart rate, rhythm and output; contraction force of ventricular muscles; functions of heart valves; pumping the blood through the pulmonary circuit; dynamics of circulation to the heart; impairments such as tachycardia, bradycardia and irregular heart beatand as in heart failure, cardiomyopathy, myocarditis,and coronary insufficiency Exclusions: blood vessel functions (b415); blood pressure functions (b420); exercise tolerance functions (b455)

b4100 Heart rate Functions related to the number of times the heart contracts every minute. Inclusions: impairments such as rates that are too fast (tachycardia) or too slow (bradycardia)

b4101 Heart rhythm Functions related to the regularity of the beating of the heart. Inclusions: impairments such as arrhythmias

b4102 Contraction force of ventricular muscles Functions related to the amount of blood pumped by the ventricular muscles during every beat. Inclusions: impairments such as diminished cardiac output

74 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à ∫∑∑’Ë 4 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥À—«„®, √–∫∫ ‚≈À‘µ, √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π·≈–√–∫∫°“√À“¬„® „π∫∑π’È ®–‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫À—«„® ·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ (°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥), √–∫∫‚≈À‘µ·≈–¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π (°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫°“√ √â“ß‚≈À‘µ·≈–°“√ √â“ß ¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π), ·≈–√–∫∫°“√À“¬„® (°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„®·≈–§«“¡∑π∑“πµàÕ°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬) °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ (b410-b429) b410 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«„® °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ Ÿ∫©’¥‚≈À‘µ„πª√‘¡“≥∑’ËæՇ撬ßÀ√◊Õ„πª√‘¡“≥·≈–·√ߥ—π∑’˵âÕß°“√‰ª ∑—Ë« Ÿà√à“ß°“¬ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“πÕ—µ√“°“√‡µâπ¢ÕßÀ—«„®, ®—ßÀ«–°“√‡µâπ·≈–ª√‘¡“≥‡≈◊Õ¥∑’Ë Ÿ∫©’¥; ·√ß ¢Õß°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀâÕß≈à“ß; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß≈‘ÈπÀ—«„®; °“√ Ÿ∫©’¥‚≈À‘µ‰ª Ÿà«ß®√ ‡≈◊Õ¥¢Õߪե; æ≈«—µ√¢Õß°“√‰À≈‡«’¬π ŸàÀ—«„®; °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“槫“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ®—ßÀ«–‡µâπ‡√Á«°«à“ª°µ‘, ®—ßÀ«–‡µâπ™â“°«à“ª°µ‘ ·≈–®—ßÀ«–°“√‡µâπº‘¥ª°µ‘, ·≈– °“√‡µâπ º‘¥ª°µ‘¢ÕßÀ—«„® ‡™àπ „π¿“«–À—«„®≈⡇À≈«, ‚√§¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ—«„®, °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ—«„® Õ—°‡ ∫ ·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥‚§‚√π“√’Ë ‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ (b415); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß·√ߥ—π‡≈◊Õ¥ (b420); °“√ ∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“πµàÕ°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬ (b455) b4100 Õ—µ√“°“√‡µâπ¢ÕßÀ—«„® §◊Õ °“√«—¥Õ—µ√“°“√À¥µ—«¢ÕßÀ—«„®«à“‡ªìπ°’˧√—ÈßµàÕπ“∑’ ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ™’æ®√‡√Á«‡°‘π‰ªÀ√◊ՙⓇ°‘π‰ª b4101 ®—ßÀ«–°“√‡µâπ¢ÕßÀ—«„® °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡ ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ„π°“√‡µâπ¢ÕßÀ—«„® ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ®—ßÀ«–°“√‡µâπº‘¥ª°µ‘ b4102 ·√ßÀ¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ—«„®ÀâÕß≈à“ß °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ª√‘¡“≥¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥∑’Ë Ÿ∫©’¥‚¥¬°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ À—«„®ÀâÕß≈à“ß „π°“√‡µâπ·µà≈–§√—ÈߢÕßÀ—«„® √«¡ : °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ ‡™àπ °“√≈¥≈ߢÕߪ√‘¡“≥‡≈◊Õ¥∑’Ë Ÿ∫©’¥

74 Body Functions ICF

b4103 Blood supply to the heart Functions related to the volume of blood available to the heart muscle. Inclusion: impairments such as coronary ischaemia

b4108 Heart functions, other specified

b4109 Heart functions, unspecified

b415 Blood vessel functions Functions of transporting blood throughout the body. Inclusions: functions of arteries, capillaries and veins; vasomotor function; functions of pulmonary arteries, capillaries and veins; functions of valves of veins; impairments such as in blockage or constriction of arteries; atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, thromboembolism and varicose veins Exclusions: heart functions (b410); blood pressure functions (b420); haematological system functions (b430); exercise tolerance functions (b455)

b4150 Functions of arteries functions related to blood flow in the arteries Inclusions: impairments such as arterial dilation; arterial constriction such as in intermittent claudication

b4151 Functions of capillaries Functions related to blood flow in the capillaries.

b4152 Functions of veins Functions related to blood flow in the veins, and the functions of valves of veins. Inclusions: impairments such as venous dilation; venous constriction; insufficient closing of valves as in varicose veins

b4158 Blood vessel functions, other specified

b4159 Blood vessel functions, unspecified

75 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b4103 ª√¡“≥‡≈‘ ◊Õ¥∑’ˇ¢“ â ŸàÀ«„®— °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ª√‘¡“≥‡≈◊Õ¥∑’Ë¡’ ”À√—∫°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ—«„® ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ‡≈◊Õ¥‡≈’ȬßÀ—«„®‰¡àæÕ b4108 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«„®, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b4109 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«„®, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b415 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ à߇≈◊Õ¥‰ª∑—Ë«√à“ß°“¬ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·¥ß, À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ΩÕ¬ ·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥”; °“√ª√—∫ ¢π“¥¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇ âπ‡≈◊Õ¥‰ªªÕ¥ À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥”·≈–‡ âπ‡≈◊Õ¥ΩÕ¬; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß≈‘Èπ À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥”; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√Õÿ¥µ—πÀ√◊ÕÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥„À≠൒∫; ºπ—ßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥„À≠à°≈“ß·¢Áß, ¿“«–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·¥ß·¢Áß, °âÕπ-≈‘Ë¡‡≈◊Õ¥Õÿ¥µ—πÀ≈Õ¥ ‡≈◊Õ¥¥” ·≈–‡ âπ‡≈◊Õ¥¢Õ¥ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«„® (b410); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß·√ߥ—π‡≈◊Õ¥§«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ (b240); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫‚≈À‘µ (b430); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“πµàÕ°“√ÕÕ° °”≈—ß°“¬ (b455) b4150 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·¥ß °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√‰À≈‡«’¬π¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥„πÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·¥ß √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·¥ßæÕßµ—«, À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·¥ßµ’∫ Õ“°“√ ª«¥™“‡ªìπ√–¬–‡Àµÿ¢“¥‡≈◊Õ¥ b4151 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ΩÕ¬ °“√∑”ß“π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°“√‰À≈‡«’¬π¢Õß‚≈À‘µ„πÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ΩÕ¬ b4152 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥” °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‰À≈‡«’¬π¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥„πÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥”·≈–°“√∑”ß“π ¢Õß≈‘ÈπÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥” √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥”æÕßµ—«; À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥”µ’∫ : ≈‘ÈπÀ≈Õ¥ ‡≈◊Õ¥¥”ªî¥‰¡à π‘∑ ‡™àπ ‡ âπ‡≈◊Õ¥¥”¢Õ¥ b4158 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇ âπ‡≈◊Õ¥, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b4159 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇ âπ‡≈◊Õ¥, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

75 Body Functions ICF

b420 Blood pressure functions Functions of maintaining the pressure of blood within the arteries. Inclusions: functions of maintenance of blood pressure; increased and decreased blood pressure; impairments such as in hypotension, hypertension and postural hypotension Exclusions: heart functions (b410); blood vessel functions (b415); exercise tolerance functions (b455)

b4200 Increased blood pressure Functions related to a rise in systolic or diastolic blood pressure above normal for the age.

b4201 Decreased blood pressure Functions related to a fall in systolic or diastolic blood pressure below normal for the age.

b4202 Maintenance of blood pressure Functions related to maintaining an appropriate blood pressure in response to changes in the body.

b4208 Blood pressure functions, other specified

b4209 Blood pressure functions, unspecified

b429 Functions of the cardiovascular system, other specified and unspecified Functions of the haematological and immunological systems (b430-b439)

b430 Haematological system functions Functions of blood production, oxygen and metabolite carriage, and clotting. Inclusions: functions of the production of blood and bone marrow; oxygen-carrying functions of blood; blood-related functions of spleen; metabolite-carrying functions of blood; clotting; impairments such as anaemia, haemophilia and other clotting dysfunctions Exclusions: functions of the cardiovascular system (b410-b429); immunological system functions (b435); exercise tolerance functions (b455)

b4300 Production of blood Functions related to the production of blood and all its constituents.

76 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b420 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß·√ߥ—π‡≈◊Õ¥ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—°…“§«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ„πÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·¥ß √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—°…“√–¥—∫¢Õߧ«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ; °“√‡æ‘Ë¡·≈–°“√≈¥¢Õß√–¥—∫ §«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ; °“√∫°æ√àÕß ‡™à𠧫“¡¥—πµË”, §«“¡¥—π Ÿß·≈–§«“¡¥—πµË”®“°°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ ∑“à ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«„®(b410): °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ (b415); °“√∑”ß“π ¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“π µàÕ°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬ (b455) b4200 §«“¡¥—π‚≈Àµ‡æ‘ ¡‘Ë °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡æ‘Ë¡¢Õߧ«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ¢≥–À—«„®∫’∫µ—« À√◊Õ¢≥– À—«„®§≈“¬µ—«∑’Ë Ÿß°«à“√–¥—∫ª°µ‘¢ÕßÕ“¬ÿ b4201 §«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ≈¥ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√≈¥¢Õߧ«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ¢≥–À—«„®∫’∫µ—« À√◊Õ¢≥–À—«„® §≈“¬µ—« ≈ߵ˔°«à“√–¥—∫ª°µ‘¢ÕßÕ“¬ÿ b4202 °“√√—°…“√–¥—∫§«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√√—°…“√–¥—∫¢Õߧ«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ∑’ËæÕ‡À¡“–µÕ∫ πÕß °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ b4208 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b4209 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b429 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫‚≈À‘µ ·≈–√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π (b430-b439) b430 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫‚≈Àµ‘ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π °“√ √â“߇≈◊Õ¥, °“√π”æ“ ÕÕ°´‘‡®π ·≈– “√‡¡µ“∫Õ‰≈∑å, ·≈–°“√·¢Áß µ—«¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√º≈‘µ‡≈◊Õ¥·≈–‰¢°√–¥Ÿ°; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥„π°“√π”æ“ ÕÕ°´‘‡®π; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß¡â“¡∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡≈◊Õ¥; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥„π°“√π”æ“ “√ ‡¡µ“∫Õ‰≈∑å; °“√·¢Áßµ—«¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ‚≈À‘µ®“ß, ‚√§Œ’‚¡øî‡≈’¬ ·≈– §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘Õ◊ËπÊ ¥â“π°“√·¢Áßµ—«¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ (b410-b429); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫ ¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π (b435); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“π µàÕ°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬ (b455) b4300 °“√ √“߇≈â Õ¥◊ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ √â“߇≈◊Õ¥·≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫Õ◊Ëπ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥

76 Body Functions ICF

b4301 Oxygen-carrying functions of the blood Functions related to the blood's capacity to carry oxygen throughout the body.

b4302 Metabolite-carrying functions of the blood Functions related to the blood's capacity to carry metabolites throughout the body.

b4303 Clotting functions Functions related to the coagulation of blood, such as at a site of injury.

b4308 Haematological system functions, other specified

b4309 Haematological system functions, unspecified

b435 Immunological system functions Functions of the body related to protection against foreign substances, including infections, by specific and non-specific immune responses. Inclusions: immune response (specific and non-specific); hypersensitivity reactions; functions of lymphatic vessels and nodes; functions of cell- mediated immunity, antibody-mediated immunity; response to immunization; impairments such as in autoimmunity, allergic reactions, lymphadenitis and lymphoedema Exclusion: haematological system functions (b430)

b4350 Immune response Functions of the body's response of sensitization to foreign substances, including infections.

b43500 Specific immune response Functions of the body's response of sensitization to a specific foreign substance.

b43501 Non-specific immune response Functions of the body's general response of sensitization to foreign substances, including infections.

b43508 Immune response, other specified

b43509 Immune response, unspecified

77 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b4301 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥„π°“√π”æ“ÕÕ°´‘‡®π °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥„π°“√π”æ“ÕÕ°´‘‡®π‰ª∑—Ë«√à“ß°“¬ b4302 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥„π°“√π”æ“ “√‡¡µ“∫Õ‰≈∑å °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥„π°“√π”æ“ “√‡¡µ“∫Õ‰≈∑剪∑—Ë« Ÿà √à“ß°“¬ b4303 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√·¢Áßµ—«¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”„Àâ‡≈◊Õ¥·¢Áßµ—« ‡™àπ ®ÿ¥∑’ˉ¥â√—∫∫“¥‡®Á∫ b4308 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫ ‚≈À‘µ, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b4309 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫‚≈À‘µ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b435 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ªÑÕß°—πÕ—πµ√“¬®“° “√·ª≈°ª≈Õ¡ √«¡∑—Èß°“√ µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ‚¥¬°“√µÕ∫ πÕß∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π∑—Èß™π‘¥®”‡æ“–·≈–‰¡à®”‡æ“– √«¡ : °“√µÕ∫ πÕß∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π (·∫∫®”‡æ“– ·≈–·∫∫‰¡à®”‡æ“–); ªØ‘°√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕ߉«°«à“ª°µ‘; °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕߪÿÉ¡πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß·≈–À≈Õ¥ πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß ¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π‚¥¬„™â‡´≈≈å; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π‚¥¬„™â “√¿Ÿ¡‘µâ“π∑“π; °“√µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ °“√°àÕ¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π; °“√∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ¿Ÿ¡‘µâ“πµπ‡Õß; ªØ‘°√‘¬“¿Ÿ¡‘·æâ; ªÿÉ¡πÈ”‡À≈◊ÕßÕ—°‡ ∫ ·≈–∫«¡πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫‚≈À‘µ (b430) b4350 °“√µÕ∫ πÕß∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π °“√∑”ß“π„π¥â“π°“√µÕ∫ πÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ‚¥¬∑”„À≫µàÕ°“√°√–µÿâπ‚¥¬ “√ ·ª≈°ª≈Õ¡ √«¡∂÷ß°“√µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ b43500 °“√µÕ∫ πÕß∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π·∫∫®”‡æ“– °“√∑”ß“π„π¥â“π°“√µÕ∫ πÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬„π°“√∑”„À≫µàÕ°“√°√–µÿâπ ‚¥¬ “√·ª≈°ª≈Õ¡·∫∫®”‡æ“– b43501 °“√µÕ∫ πÕß∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·∫∫‰¡à®”‡æ“– °“√∑”ß“π„π¥â“π°“√µÕ∫ πÕß∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß√à“ß°“¬„π °“√∑”„À≫µàÕ°“√ °√–µÿâπ‚¥¬ “√·ª≈°ª≈Õ¡ √«¡∂÷ß°“√µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ b43508 °“√µÕ∫ πÕß∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b43509 °“√µÕ∫ πÕß∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

77 Body Functions ICF

b4351 Hypersensitivity reactions Functions of the body's response of increased sensitization to foreign substances, such as in sensitivities to different antigens. Inclusions: impairments such as hypersensitivities or allergies Exclusion: tolerance to food (b5153)

b4352 Functions of lymphatic vessels Functions related to vascular channels that transport lymph.

b4353 Functions of lymph nodes Functions related to glands along the course of lymphatic vessels.

b4358 Immunological system functions, other specified

b4359 Immunological system functions, unspecified

b439 Functions of the haematological and immunological systems, other specified and unspecified Functions of the respiratory system (b440-b449)

b440 Respiration functions Functions of inhaling air into the lungs, the exchange of gases between air and blood, and exhaling air. Inclusions: functions of respiration rate, rhythm and depth; impairments such as apnoea, hyperventilation, irregular respiration, paradoxical respiration, and brochial spasm, and as in pulmonary emphysema Exclusions: respiratory muscle functions (b445); additional respiratory functions (b450); exercise tolerance functions (b455)

b4400 Respiration rate Functions related to the number of breaths taken per minute. Inclusions: impairments such as rates that are too fast (tachypnoea) or too slow (bradypnoea)

b4401 Respiratory rhythm Functions related to the periodicity and regularity of breathing. Inclusions: impairments such as irregular breathing

78 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b4351 ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕ߉«°«à“ª°µ‘ °“√∑”ß“π„π¥â“π°“√µÕ∫ πÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬„π°“√∑”„Àâ‡æ‘Ë¡§«“¡‰«µàÕ°“√°√–µÿâπ ‚¥¬ “√·ª≈°ª≈Õ¡ ‡™à𠧫“¡‰«µàÕ “√°àÕ¿Ÿ¡‘µâ“π∑“π µà“ßÊ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√µÕ∫ πÕ߉«°«à“ª°µ‘ À√◊Õ Õ“°“√·æâ ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡∑π∑“πµàÕÕ“À“√ (b5153) b4352 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫∑àÕÀ≈Õ¥ àßπÈ”‡À≈◊Õß b4353 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕߪÿÉ¡πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ µàÕ¡∑’ËÕ¬Ÿàµ“¡À≈Õ¥πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß b4358 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b4359 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b439 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫‚≈À‘µ·≈–√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â √–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫°“√À“¬„® (b440-b449) b440 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„® °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„®‡¢â“π”Õ“°“» ŸàªÕ¥, °“√·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ°ä“´√–À«à“ßÕ“°“»°—∫‡≈◊Õ¥ ·≈–°“√À“¬„®ÕÕ° √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ—µ√“°“√À“¬„®, ®—ßÀ«–·≈–§«“¡≈÷°; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√À¬ÿ¥ À“¬„®, °“√À“¬„®¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘, °“√À“¬„®‰¡à ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ, °“√À“¬„® ·∫∫æ“√“¥äÕ°´å ·≈–À≈Õ¥≈¡À¥‡°√Áß ·≈–Õ“°“√‡™àπ ∂ÿß≈¡ªÕ¥‚ªßæÕß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß°“√À“¬„® (b445); à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π ¥â“π°“√À“¬„® (b450); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“πµàÕ°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬ (b455) b4400 Õ—µ√“°“√À“¬„® °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫®”π«π§√—Èß∑’ËÀ“¬„®µàÕπ“∑’ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ—µ√“°“√À“¬„®∑’ˇ√Á«‡°‘π‰ª À√◊ՙⓇ°‘π‰ª b4401 ®—ßÀ«–¢Õß°“√À“¬„® °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫®—ßÀ«–·≈–§«“¡ ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ¢Õß°“√À“¬„® √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√À“¬„®‰¡àª°µ‘

78 Body Functions ICF

b4402 Depth of respiration Functions related to the volume of expansion of the lungs during breathing. Inclusions: impairments such as superficial or shallow respiration

b4408 Respiration functions, other specified

b4409 Respiration functions, unspecified

b445 Respiratory muscle functions Functions of the muscles involved in breathing. Inclusions: functions of thoracic respiratory muscles; functions of the diaphragm; functions of accessory respiratory muscles Exclusions: respiration functions (b440); additional respiratory functions (b450); exercise tolerance functions (b455)

b4450 Functions of the thoracic respiratory muscles Functions of the thoracic muscles involved in breathing.

b4451 Functions of the diaphragm Functions of the diaphragm as involved in breathing.

b4452 Functions of accessory respiratory muscles Functions of the additional muscles involved in breathing.

b4458 Respiratory muscle functions, other specified

b4459 Respiratory muscle functions, unspecified

b449 Functions of the respiratory system, other specified and unspecified Additional functions and sensations of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (b450-b469)

b450 Additional respiratory functions Additional functions related to breathing, such as coughing, sneezing and yawning. Inclusions: functions of blowing, whistling and mouth breathing

79 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b4402 §«“¡≈÷°¢Õß°“√À“¬„® °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ª√‘¡“µ√°“√¢¬“¬µ—«¢Õߪե„π√–À«à“ß°“√À“¬„® √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√À“¬„®µ◊Èπ b4408 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„®, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b4409 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„®, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b445 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√À“¬„® °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√À“¬„® √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑√«ßÕ° ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√À“¬„®; °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°√–∫—ß≈¡; °“√ ∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊Èՙ૬„π°“√À“¬„® ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„® (b440); à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„® (b450); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡∑π∑“πµàÕ°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬ (b455) b4450 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑√«ßÕ°∑’Ë„™â„π°“√À“¬„® °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑√«ßÕ° ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√À“¬„® b4451 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°√–∫—ß≈¡ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°√–∫—ß≈¡∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√À“¬„® b4452 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊Èՙ૬∑’Ë„™â„π°“√À“¬„® °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ‡ √‘¡∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°“√À“¬„® b4458 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√À“¬„®, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b4459 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√À“¬„®, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b449 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫°“√À“¬„®, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®À≈Õ¥ ‡≈◊Õ¥·≈–√–∫∫°“√À“¬„® (b450-b469) b450 à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„® à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√À“¬„® ‡™àπ °“√‰Õ, °“√®“¡·≈–°“√À“« √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡ªÉ“, °“√º‘«ª“°·≈–°“√À“¬„®∑“ߪ“°

79 Body Functions ICF

b455 Exercise tolerance functions Functions related to respiratory and cardiovascular capacity as required for enduring physical exertion. Inclusions: functions of physical endurance, aerobic capacity, stamina and fatiguability Exclusions: functions of the cardiovascular system (b410-b429); haematological system functions (b430); respiration functions (b440); respiratory muscle functions (b445); additional respiratory functions (b450)

b4550 General physical endurance Functions related to the general level of tolerance of physical exercise or stamina.

b4551 Aerobic capacity Functions related to the extent to which a person can exercise without getting out of breath.

b4552 Fatiguability Functions related to susceptibility to fatigue, at any level of exertion.

b4558 Exercise tolerance functions, other specified

b4559 Exercise tolerance functions, unspecified

b460 Sensations associated with cardiovascular and respiratory functions Sensations such as missing a heart beat, palpitation and shortness of breath. Inclusions: sensations of tightness of chest, feelings of irregular beat, dyspnoea, air hunger, choking, gagging and wheezing Exclusion: sensation of pain (b280)

b469 Additional functions and sensations of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, other specified and unspecified

b498 Functions of the cardiovascular, haematological, immunological and respiratory systems, other specified

b499 Functions of the cardiovascular, haematological, immunological and respiratory systems, unspecified

80 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à

b455 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡Õ¥∑πµàÕ°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ §«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß√–∫∫°“√À“¬„® ·≈–√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥ ‡≈◊Õ¥ ∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ ”À√—∫§«“¡∑π∑“π„π°“√„™â°”≈—ß°“¬ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“π∑“ß°“¬¿“æ, §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√„™âÕÕ°´‘‡®π, §«“¡ ∑√À¥ ·≈–ÕàÕπ≈â“ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ (b410-b429); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫ ‚≈À‘µ (b430); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„® (b440); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ À“¬„® (b445); à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„® (b450) b4550 §«“¡∑√À¥∑“ß°“¬¿“æ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–¥—∫∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õߧ«“¡∑π∑“π∑“ß°“¬¿“æµàÕ°“√ÕÕ° °”≈—ß°“¬·≈–§«“¡∑√À¥Õ¥∑π b4551 §«“¡ “¡“√∂∑“ߥâ“π°“√„™âÕÕ°´‘‡®π °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–¥—∫∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈ “¡“√∂ÕÕ°°”≈—߉¥â‚¥¬‰¡à√Ÿâ ÷°‡Àπ◊ËÕ¬ÀÕ∫ b4552 §«“¡ÕàÕπ≈â“ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡ÕàÕπ≈â“∑’Ë√–¥—∫„¥Ê ¢Õß°“√„™â°”≈—ß°“¬ b4558 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡Õ¥∑πµàÕ°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b4559 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡Õ¥∑πµàÕ°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b460 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·≈–°“√À“¬„® §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ßÕ“°“√µà“ßÊ ‡™àπ À—«„®‡µâπ¢“¥™à«ß, „® —Ëπ ·≈–ÀÕ∫-À“¬„®‰¡à∑—π √«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°·πàπÀπâ“Õ°, °“√√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ßÕ“°“√‡µâπ‰¡àª°µ‘¢ÕßÀ—«„®, ‡Àπ◊ËÕ¬, Õ“°“√ æ–ß“∫, À“¬„®‰¡àÕÕ°, ¢¬âÕπ ·≈–À“¬„®«’¥ ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280) b469 à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π·≈–°“√√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·≈–√–∫∫ °“√À“¬„®, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b498 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥, √–∫∫‚≈À‘µ, ¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π·≈–√–∫∫°“√ À“¬„®, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b499 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥, √–∫∫‚≈À‘µ, ¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π·≈–√–∫∫°“√ À“¬„®, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

80 Body Functions ICF Chapter 5 Functions of the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems This chapter is about the functions of ingestion, digestion and elimination, as well as functions involved in metabolism and the endocrine glands. Functions related to the digestive system (b510-b539)

b510 Ingestion functions Functions related to taking in and manipulating solids or liquids through the mouth into the body. Inclusions: functions of sucking, chewing and biting, manipulating food in the mouth, salivation, swallowing, burping, regurgitation, spitting and vomiting; impairments such as dysphagia, aspiration of food, aerophagia, excessive salivation, drooling and insufficient salivation Exclusion: sensations associated with digestive system (b535)

b5100 Sucking Functions of drawing into the mouth by a suction force produced by movements of the cheeks, lips and tongue.

b5101 Biting Functions of cutting into, piercing or tearing off food with the front teeth.

b5102 Chewing Functions of crushing, grinding and masticating food with the back teeth (e.g. molars).

b5103 Manipulation of food in the mouth Functions of moving food around the mouth with the teeth and tongue.

b5104 Salivation Function of the production of saliva within the mouth.

81 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à ∫∑∑’Ë 5 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√, √–∫∫ ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘§·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ ∫∑π’ȇ°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‡¢â“, °“√¬àÕ¬·≈–°“√°”®—¥Õ“À“√√«¡∑—Èß°“√ ∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡·≈–µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ (b510-b539) b510 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‡¢â“ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√π”‡¢â“·≈–°“√®—¥°“√°—∫¢Õß·¢ÁßÀ√◊Õ¢Õ߇À≈«ºà“π®“°ª“° ‡¢â“ Ÿà√à“ß°“¬ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¥Ÿ¥, °“√‡§’Ȭ«·≈–°“√°—¥, °“√®—¥°“√°—∫Õ“À“√∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𪓰, °“√ √â“ßπÈ”≈“¬, °“√°≈◊π, °“√‡√Õ,°“√ ”√Õ°Õ“À“√, °“√∂à¡πÈ”≈“¬·≈–Õ“‡®’¬π : §«“¡ ∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√°≈◊π≈”∫“°, °“√ ”≈—°Õ“À“√,Õ“°“√°≈◊πÕ“°“», °“√ √â“ßπÈ”≈“¬¡“° ‡°‘π‰ª, Õ“°“√¢“¥πÈ”≈“¬·≈–¿“«–πÈ”≈“¬‰À≈¬◊¥ ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ (b535) b5100 °“√¥¥Ÿ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‡¢â“ª“°‚¥¬„™â·√ߥŸ¥∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß ·°â¡, √‘¡Ω望° ·≈–≈‘Èπ b5101 °“√°—¥ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ µ—¥, ‡®“–·∑ß À√◊Õ ©’°Õ“À“√ ¥â«¬øíπÀπâ“ b5102 °“√‡§’Ȭ« °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¢¬’È, ∫¥·≈–‡§’Ȭ«Õ“À“√ ‚¥¬„™âøíπ¥â“π„𠇙àπ øíπ°√“¡ b5103 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫Õ“À“√∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𪓰 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√„™âøíπ ·≈–≈‘Èπ™à«¬°—π‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬Õ“À“√‰ª∑—Ë«ª“° b5104 °“√ √â“ßπÈ”≈“¬ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ √â“ßπÈ”≈“¬ ¿“¬„𪓰

81 Body Functions ICF

b5105 Swallowing Functions of clearing the food and drink through the oral cavity, pharynx and oesophagus into the stomach at an appropriate rate and speed. Inclusions: oral, pharyngeal or oesophageal dysphagia; impairments in oesophageal passageof food

b51050 Oral swallowing Function of clearing the food and drink through the oral cavity at an appropriate rate and speed.

b51051 Pharyngeal swallowing Function of clearing the food and drink through the pharynx at an appropriate rate and speed.

b51052 Oesophageal swallowing Function of clearing the food and drink through the oesophagus at an appropriate rate and speed.

b51058 Swallowing, other specified

b51059 Swallowing, unspecified

b5106 Regurgitation and vomiting Functions of moving food or liquid in the reverse direction to ingestion, from stomach to oesophagus to mouth and out.

b5108 Ingestion functions, other specified

b5109 Ingestion functions, unspecified

b515 Digestive functions Functions of transporting food through the gastrointestinal tract, breakdown of food and absorption of nutrients. Inclusions: functions of transport of food through the stomach, peristalsis; breakdown of food, enzyme production and action in stomach and intestines; absorption of nutrients and tolerance to food; impairments such as in hyperacidity of stomach, malabsorption, intolerance to food, hypermotility of intestines, intestinal paralysis, intestinal obstruction and decreased bile production Exclusions: ingestion functions (b510); assimilation functions (b520); defecation functions (b525); sensations associated with the digestive system (b535)

82 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b5105 °“√°≈◊π °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ àߺà“πÕ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ºà“π™àÕߪ“°, §ÕÀÕ¬·≈– À≈Õ¥Õ“À“√ ‰ª¬—ß°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√„πÕ—µ√“·≈–§«“¡‡√Á«∑’ËæÕ‡À¡“– √«¡∂÷ß : °“√°≈◊π≈”∫“°®“°∑“ߪ“°, §ÕÀÕ¬ À√◊ÕÀ≈Õ¥Õ“À“√ : §«“¡ ∫°æ√àÕߢÕß™àÕß∑“ߺà“πÕ“À“√„πÀ≈Õ¥Õ“À“√ b51050 °“√°≈◊π∑“ߪ“° °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ àߺà“πÕ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ºà“π™àÕߪ“°„πÕ—µ√“·≈– §«“¡‡√Á«∑’ËæÕ‡À¡“– b51051 °“√°≈◊πÕ“À“√ºà“π∑“ߧÕÀÕ¬ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ àߺà“πÕ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ºà“π§ÕÀÕ¬„πÕ—µ√“·≈– æÕ‡À¡“– b51052 °“√°≈◊πºà“π∑“ßÀ≈Õ¥Õ“À“√ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ àߺà“πÕ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ºà“πÀ≈Õ¥Õ“À“√„πÕ—µ√“ ·≈–§«“¡‡√Á«∑’ËæÕ‡À¡“– b51058 °“√°≈◊π, Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b51059 °“√°≈◊π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b5106 °“√ ”√Õ°Õ“À“√·≈–°“√Õ“‡®’¬π °“√∑”ß“π„π¥â“π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕππ”Õ“À“√À√◊Õ¢Õ߇À≈« „π∑‘»∑“߬âÕπ°“√π”‡¢â“ ®“°°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√¬âÕπ¢÷Èπ∑“ßÀ≈Õ¥Õ“À“√ Ÿàª“°·≈–ÕÕ° Ÿà¿“¬πÕ° b5108 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‡¢â“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b5109 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‡¢â“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b515 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√≈”‡≈’¬ßÕ“À“√ ºà“π∑àÕ∑“߇¥‘πÕ“À“√, °“√¬àÕ¬·¬°Õ“À“√, ·≈–°“√¥Ÿ¥ ´÷¡ “√Õ“À“√ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√≈”‡≈’¬ßÕ“À“√ºà“π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√,; °“√∫’∫µ—«¥â“π∑“߇¥‘π Õ“À“√, °“√¬àÕ¬·¬°Õ“À“√, °“√ √â“߇Õπ‰´¡å ·≈–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√·≈– ≈”‰ â; °“√¥Ÿ¥´÷¡ “√Õ“À“√·≈–§«“¡∑“π∑πÕ“À“√; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ¿“«–¢Õߧ«“¡ ‡ªìπ°√¥„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ Ÿß,ªí≠À“„π°“√¥Ÿ¥´÷¡º‘¥ª°µ‘ “√Õ“À“√, °“√‰¡à∑“π∑πÀ√◊Õ ¬Õ¡√—∫Õ“À“√, Õ“°“√≈”‰ ⇧≈◊ËÕπ‰À«‡°‘π, Õ—¡æ“µ¢Õß≈”‰ â, ≈”‰ âÕÿ¥µ—π, °“√ √â“ßπÈ”¥’ ≈¥πâÕ¬≈ß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“ππ”Õ“À“√‡¢â“ (b510); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‰ª‡ √‘¡ √â“߇π◊ËÕ‡¬◊ËÕ (b520);°“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¢—∫∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– (b525); §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫ √–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬·¬°Õ“À“√ (b535)

82 Body Functions ICF

b5150 Transport of food through stomach and intestines Peristalsis and related functions that mechanically move food through stomach and intestines.

b5151 Breakdown of food Functions of mechanically reducing food to smaller particles in the gastrointestinal tract.

b5152 Absorption of nutrients Functions of passing food and drink nutrients into the blood stream from along the intestines.

b5153 Tolerance to food Functions of accepting suitable food and drink for digestion and rejecting what is unsuitable. Inclusion: impairments such as hypersensitivities, gluten intolerance

b5158 Digestive functions, other specified

b5159 Digestive functions, unspecified

b520 Assimilation functions Functions by which nutrients are converted into components of the living body. Inclusion: functions of storage of nutrients in the body Exclusions: digestive functions (b515); defecation functions (b525); weight maintenance functions (b530); general metabolic functions (b540)

b525 Defecation functions Functions of elimination of wastes and undigested food as faeces and related functions. Inclusions: functions of elimination, faecal consistency, frequency of defecation; faecal continence, flatulence; impairments such as constipation, diarrhoea, watery stool and anal sphincter incompetence or incontinence Exclusions: digestive functions (b515); assimilation functions (b520); sensations associated with the digestive system (b535)

b5250 Elimination of faeces Functions of the elimination of waste from the rectum, including the functions of contraction of the abdominal muscles in doing so.

83 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b5150 °“√≈”‡≈’¬ßÕ“À“√ºà“π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√·≈–≈”‰ â °“√∫’∫µ—«¢Õß∑“߇¥‘πÕ“À“√ ·≈–°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°≈«‘∏’‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬Õ“À“√ ºà“π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√·≈–≈”‰ â b5151 °“√¬Õ¬·¬°Õ“À“√à °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π¢Õß°“√¬àÕ¬·¬°Õ“À“√„À⇪ìπ™‘Èπ‡≈Á°≈ß„π™àÕß∑“߇¥‘πÕ“À“√ b5152 °“√¥Ÿ¥´÷¡ “√Õ“À“√ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ àߺà“π “√Õ“À“√®“°Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ ‡¢â“ Ÿà°√–· ‡≈◊Õ¥ ®“°µ≈Õ¥·π«≈”‰ â b5153 °“√¬Õ¡√—∫À√◊Õ§«“¡∑“π∑πÕ“À“√ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π¬Õ¡√—∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡·≈–‰¡à¬Õ¡√—∫„π ‘Ëß ∑’ˉ¡à‡À¡“– ¡ √«¡∂÷ß : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™à𠧫“¡‰«¡“°‡°‘π‰ª §«“¡‰¡à∑“π∑πµàÕ gluten b5158 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¬àÕ¬, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b5159 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¬àÕ¬, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b520 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‰ª‡ √‘¡ √â“߇π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕ °“√∑”ß“π´÷Ëß “√Õ“À“√∂Ÿ°·ª≈߇ª≈’ˬπ‡ªìπ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë¡’™’«‘µ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ – ¡ “√Õ“À“√„π√à“ß°“¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¬àÕ¬·¬°Õ“À“√ (b515); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π¢—∫∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– (b525); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߥâ“π°“√§ßπÈ”Àπ—° (b530); °“√∑”ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘ ¡ (b540) b525 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¢—∫∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√°”®—¥¢Õ߇ ’¬·≈–Õ“À“√∑’ˉ¡à¬àÕ¬·¬°‡ªìπÕÿ®®“√–·≈–°“√∑”ß“πÕ◊ËπÊ ∑‡°’Ë ¬«¢’Ë Õßâ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√°”®—¥ÕÕ°, §«“¡§ßµ—«¢ÕßÕÿ®®“√–, §«“¡∂’Ë„π°“√∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√–, °“√°≈—ÈπÕÿ®®“√– ∑âÕßÕ◊¥; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ“°“√∑âÕߺŸ°, ∑âÕß√à«ßÕ¬àß·√ß, Õ“°“√ ∑âÕ߇¥‘π, ∑âÕß√à«ß ·≈–°≈—ÈπÕÿ®®“√–‰¡à‰¥â®“°ÀŸ√Ÿ¥∑«“√Àπ—°‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ (b515); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‰ª‡ √‘¡ √â“ß ‡π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕ (b520); §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫¬àÕ¬·¬°Õ“À“√ (b535) b5250 °“√°”®—¥Õÿ®®“√– °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√°”®—¥¢Õ߇ ’¬®“°‰ âµ√ß √«¡∂÷ß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπâ“∑âÕߢ≥–¢—∫∂à“¬

83 Body Functions ICF

b5251 Faecal consistency Consistency of faeces such as hard, firm, soft or watery.

b5252 Frequency of defecation Functions involved in the frequency of defecation.

b5253 Faecal continence Functions involved in voluntary control over the elimination function.

b5254 Flatulence Functions involved in the expulsion of excessive amounts of air or gases from the intestines.

b5258 Defecation functions, other specified

b5259 Defecation functions, unspecified

b530 Weight maintenance functions Functions of maintaining appropriate body weight, including weight gain during the developmental period. Inclusions: functions of maintenance of acceptable Body Mass Index (BMI); and impairments such as underweight, cachexia, wasting, overweight, emaciation and such as in primary and secondary obesity Exclusions: assimilation functions (b520); general metabolic functions (b540); endocrine gland functions (b555)

b535 Sensations associated with the digestive system Sensations arising from eating, drinking and related digestive functions. Inclusions: sensations of nausea, feeling bloated, and the feeling of abdominal cramps; fullness of stomach, globus feeling, spasm of stomach, gas in stomach and heartburn Exclusions: sensation of pain (b280); ingestion functions (b510); digestive functions (b515); defecation functions (b525)

b5350 Sensation of nausea Sensation of needing to vomit.

b5351 Feeling bloated Sensation of distension of the stomach or abdomen.

84 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b5251 §«“¡§ßµ—«¢ÕßÕÿ®®“√– ≈—°…≥–µà“ßÊ °—π¢ÕßÕÿ®®“√– ‡™àπ ·¢Áß, ·πàπ, πÿà¡À√◊Õ‡ªìππÈ” b5252 §«“¡∂’Ë¢Õß°“√∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡∂’Ë¢Õß°“√∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– b5253 °“√∫—ߧ—∫°“√¢—∫∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√§«∫§ÿ¡‰¥â¢Õß°“√°”®—¥¢Õ߇ ’¬ b5254 °“√∑âÕßÕ◊¥ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√–∫“¬≈¡À√◊Õ°ä“´ à«π‡°‘πÕÕ°®“°≈”‰ â b5258 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√–, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b5259 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√–, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b530 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π§ß√—°…“πÈ”Àπ—° °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√æ¬ÿß√—°…“πÈ”Àπ—°„ÀâæÕ‡À¡“– √«¡∂÷ß°“√‡æ‘Ë¡πÈ”Àπ—°„π™à«ß∑’Ë√à“ß°“¬ æ≤𓇵— ∫‚µ‘ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§ßπÈ”Àπ—°„π√–¥—∫∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡¢Õߥ—™π’¡«≈°“¬; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ πÈ”Àπ—°µ—«πâÕ¬‡°‘π‰ª, ºÕ¡´Ÿ∫, ºÕ¡Àπ—ßÀÿâ¡°√–¥Ÿ°, πÈ”Àπ—°µ—«¡“°‡°‘π‰ª, Õ“°“√ ºÕ¡·Àâß ·≈–°“√Õâ«πª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘ ·≈–∑ÿµ‘¬¿Ÿ¡‘ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‰ª‡ √‘¡ √â“߇π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕ (b520); °“√∑”ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘ ¡ (b540); °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßµàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ (b555) b535 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ®“°°“√√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√°“√¥◊Ë¡·≈–°“√∑”ß“πÕ◊ËπÊ ¥â“π°“√¬àÕ¬ Õ“À“√ √«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°§≈◊Ëπ‰ â, °“√√Ÿâ ÷°«à“∑âÕßÕ◊¥‡øÑÕ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°‡ªìπµ–§√‘«∑’Ë∑âÕß, √Ÿâ ÷°·πàπ„π °√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√, °√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√√—¥‡°√Áß √Ÿâ ÷°°“√¡’°ä“´„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ ·≈–· ∫√âÕπ ≈‘Èπªïò ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‡¢â“ (b510); °“√ ∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ (b515); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¢—∫∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– (b555) b5350 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°§≈◊Ëπ‰ â §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°µâÕß°“√®–Õ“‡®’¬π b5351 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑ÕßÕâ ¥‡ø◊ ÑÕ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“¡’°“√æÕߢ¬“¬„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ À√◊Õ™àÕß∑âÕß

84 Body Functions ICF

b5352 Sensation of abdominal cramp Sensation of spasmodic or painful muscular contractions of the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract.

b5358 Sensations associated with the digestive system, other specified

b5359 Sensations associated with the digestive system, unspecified

b539 Functions related to the digestive system, other specified and unspecified Functions related to metabolism and the endocrine system (b540-b559)

b540 General metabolic functions Functions of regulation of essential components of the body such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats, the conversion of one to another, and their breakdown into energy. Inclusions: functions of metabolism, basal metabolic rate, metabolism of carbohydrate, protein and fat, catabolism, anabolism, energy production in the body; increase or decrease in metabolic rate Exclusions: assimilation functions (b520); weight maintenance functions (b530); water, mineral and electrolyte balance functions (b545); thermoregulatory functions (b550); endocrine glands functions (b555)

b5400 Basal metabolic rate Functions involved in oxygen consumption of the body at specified conditions of rest and temperature. Inclusions: increase or decrease in basic metabolic rate; impairments such as in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism

b5401 Carbohydrate metabolism Functions involved in the process by which carbohydrates in the diet are stored and broken down into glucose and subsequently into carbon dioxide and water.

b5402 Protein metabolism Functions involved in the process by which proteins in the diet are converted to amino acids and broken down further in the body.

85 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b5352 °“√√Ÿâ ÷°‡ªìπµ–§√‘«„π™àÕß∑âÕß °“√√Ÿâ ÷°‡°√ÁßÀ√◊Õ§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√À¥µ—« ¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¿“¬„π ™àÕß ∑“߇¥‘πÕ“À“√ b5358 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b5359 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b539 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à ‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ (b540-b559) b540 °“√∑”ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª¥â“π‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑’Ë®”‡ªì𠔧—≠¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‡™à𠧓√å‚∫‰Œ‡¥√µ, ‚ª√µ’π·≈–‰¢¡—π, °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕߧåª√–°Õ∫Àπ÷Ë߉ª‡ªìπÕ’°Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß·≈–°“√¬àÕ¬ ≈“¬ °≈“¬‡ªπæ≈ì —ßß“π √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡, Õ—µ√“æ◊Èπ∞“π¢Õ߇¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡¢Õß §“√å‚∫‰Œ‡µ√¥·≈–‰¢¡—π °“√‡º“æ≈“≠‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡, °“√ —߇§√“–Àå “√‡™‘ß´âÕπ, °“√ √â“ß æ≈—ßß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬; °“√‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ≈¥≈ߢÕßÕ—µ√“‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π” “√Õ“À“√‰ª‡ √‘¡ √â“߇π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕ (b520); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π °“√§ßπÈ”Àπ—° (b530); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§ÿ¡ ¡¥ÿ≈¢ÕßπÈ” ·√à∏“µÿ·≈–‡°≈◊Õ·√à (b545); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ (b550); °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßµàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ (b555) b5400 Õ—µ√“‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡æ◊Èπ∞“π °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∫√‘‚¿§ÕÕ°´‘‡®π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ≥ ¿“«–æ—°·≈– Õ≥À¿ÿ Ÿ¡‘µ“¡√–∫ÿ √«¡ : °“√‡æ‘Ë¡À√◊Õ°“√≈¥Õ—µ√“‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ µàÕ¡‰∑√Õ¬¥å∑”ß“π¡“°°«à“À√◊ÕπâÕ¬°à«“ª°µ‘ b5401 ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡¢Õߧ“√å‚∫‰Œ‡¥√µ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°√–∫«π°“√∑’˧“√å‚∫‰Œ‡¥√µ„πÕ“À“√∂Ÿ°‡°Á∫ – ¡‰«â ·≈– ∂Ÿ°¬àÕ¬·¬°°≈“¬‡ªìππÈ”µ“≈°≈Ÿ‚§≈·≈–§“√å∫Õπ‰¥ÕÕ°‰´¥å·≈–πÈ”„π¿“¬À≈—ß b5402 ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡¢Õß‚ª√µ’π °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°√–∫«π°“√∑’Ë‚ª√µ’π„πÕ“À“√∂Ÿ°‡ª≈’ˬπ‡ªìπ°√¥Õ–¡‘‚π ·≈–∂Ÿ°¬àÕ¬·¬°µàÕ‰ª„π√à“ß°“¬

85 Body Functions ICF

b5403 Fat metabolism Functions involved in the process by which fat in the diet is stored and broken down in the body.

b5408 General metabolic functions, other specified

b5409 General metabolic functions, unspecified

b545 Water, mineral and electrolyte balance functions Functions of the regulation of water, mineral and electrolytes in the body. Inclusions: functions of water balance, balance of minerals such as calcium, zinc and iron, and balance of electrolytes such as sodium and potassium; impairments such as in water retention, dehydration, hypercalcaemia, hypocalcaemia, iron deficiency, hypernatraemia, hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia and hypokalaemia Exclusions: haematological system functions (b430); general metabolic functions (b540); endocrine gland functions (b555)

b5450 Water balance Functions involved in maintaining the level or amount of water in the body. Inclusions: impairments such as in dehydration and rehydration

b54500 Water retention Functions involved in keeping water in the body.

b54501 Maintenance of water balance Functions involved in maintaining the optimal amount of water in the body.

b54508 Water balance functions, other specified

b54509 Water balance functions, unspecified

b5451 Mineral balance Functions involved in maintaining an equilibrium between intake, storage, utilization and excretion of minerals in the body.

b5452 Electrolyte balance Functions involved in maintaining an equilibrium between intake, storage, utilization and excretion of electrolytes in the body.

86 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b5403 ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡¢Õ߉¢¡—π °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°√–∫«π°“√∑’ˉ¢¡—π„πÕ“À“√∂Ÿ°‡°Á∫ – ¡‰«â·≈–∂Ÿ°¬àÕ¬ ·¬°„π√à“ß°“¬ b5408 °“√∑”ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª¥â“π‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b5409 °“√∑”ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª¥â“π‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b545 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§ÿ¡ ¡¥ÿ≈¢ÕßπÈ”, ·√à∏“µÿ·≈–‡°≈◊Õ·√à °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª√—∫ ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õß πÈ”, ·√à∏“µÿ ·≈–‡°≈◊Õ·√à„π√à“ß°“¬ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§ÿ¡ ¡¥ÿ≈¢ÕßπÈ”, ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õß·√à∏“µÿ ‡™àπ ·§≈‡´’ˬ¡, —ß°– ’ ‡À≈Á°·≈– ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õ߇°≈◊Õ·√à ‡™àπ ‚´‡¥’¬¡·≈–‚ª·µ ‡´’¬¡; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√‡°Á∫ √—°…“πÈ” °“√¢“¥πÈ” ·§≈‡´’¬¡„π‡≈◊Õ¥ Ÿß‡°‘π‰ª µË”‡°‘π‰ª °“√¢“¥∏“µÿ‡À≈Á° ‚´‡¥’¬¡„π ‡≈◊Õ¥ Ÿß‡°‘π‰ª µË”‡°‘π‰ª ‚ª√·µ ‡´’¬¡„π‡≈◊Õ¥ Ÿß‡°‘π‰ª µË”‡°‘π‰ª ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π√–∫∫‚≈À‘µ (b430); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡∑—Ë«‰ª (b540); °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßµàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ (b555) b5450 ¡¥≈¢Õßπÿ È” °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°“√§ß√–¥—∫À√◊Õª√‘¡“≥¢ÕßπÈ”„π√à“ß°“¬ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√¢“¥πÈ”·≈–°“√√—∫πÈ”°≈—∫§◊π b54500 °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“πÈ” °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°—∫°“√‡°Á∫√—°…“πÈ”‰«â„π√à“ß°“¬ b54501 °“√√—°…“ ¡¥ÿ≈¢ÕßπÈ” °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°“√§ßª√‘¡“≥πÈ”„π√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë√–¥—∫∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ ∑ ’Ë ¥ÿ b54508 °“√∑”ß“π§ÿ¡ ¡¥ÿ≈¢ÕßπÈ”, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b54509 °“√∑”ß“π§ÿ¡ ¡¥ÿ≈¢ÕßπÈ” ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b5451 ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õß·√à∏“µÿ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°“√§ß ¿“æ ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õß°“√π”‡¢â“, °“√‡°Á∫ – ¡, °“√π” ‰ª„™â·≈–°“√°”®—¥ÕÕ°¢Õß·√à∏“µÿ„π√à“ß°“¬ b5452 ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õ߇°≈◊Õ·√à °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°“√§ß ¿“æ ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õß °“√π”‡¢â“, °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“, °“√π” ‰ª„™â·≈–°“√°”®—¥ÕÕ°¢Õ߇°≈◊Õ·√à„π√à“ß°“¬

86 Body Functions ICF

b5458 Water, mineral and electrolyte balance functions, other specified

b5459 Water, mineral and electrolyte balance functions, unspecified

b550 Thermoregulatory functions Functions of the regulation of body temperature. Inclusions: functions of maintenance of body temperature; impairments such as hypothermia, hyperthermia Exclusions: general metabolic functions (b540); endocrine gland functions (b555)

b5500 Body temperature Functions involved in regulating the core temperature of the body. Inclusions: impairments such as hyperthermia or hypothermia

b5501 Maintenance of body temperature Functions involved in maintaining optimal body temperature as environmental temperature changes. Inclusion: tolerance to heat or cold

b5508 Thermoregulatory functions, other specified

b5509 Thermoregulatory functions, unspecified

b555 Endocrine gland functions Functions of production and regulation of hormonal levels in the body, including cyclical changes. Inclusions: functions of hormonal balance; hyperpituitarism, hypopituitarism, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, hyperadrenalism, hypoadrenalism, hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, hypergonadism, hypogonadism Exclusions: general metabolic functions (b540); water, mineral and electrolyte balance functions (b545); thermoregulatory functions (b550); sexual functions (b640); menstruation functions (b650)

b559 Functions related to metabolism and the endocrine system, other specified and unspecified

b598 Functions of the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems, other specified

87 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b5458 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π§ÿ¡ ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õß πÈ”, ·√à∏“µÿ ·≈–‡°≈◊Õ·√à, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b5459 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π§ÿ¡ ¡¥ÿ≈¢ÕßπÈ”, ·√à∏“µÿ·≈–‡°≈◊Õ·√à, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b550 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª√—∫§«∫§ÿ¡Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ª√—∫§«∫§ÿ¡Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√§ß√–¥—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘µË” ‡°‘π‰ª·≈– Ÿß‡°‘π‰ª ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª¥â“π‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ (b540); °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßµàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ (b555) b5500 Õ≥À¿ÿ Ÿ¡‘¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ª√—∫§«∫§ÿ¡Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘À≈—°¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘µË”‡°‘π‰ª·≈– Ÿß‡°‘π‰ª b5501 °“√§ß√–¥—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π°“√§ß√–¥—∫°—∫°“√√—°…“Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’ˇÀ¡“–∑’Ë ÿ¥ „π¢≥–∑’ËÕÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘·«¥≈âÕ¡‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß √«¡ : §«“¡∑π∑“πµàÕ§«“¡√âÕπÀ√◊Õ§«“¡Àπ“« b5508 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª√—∫§«∫§ÿ¡Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b5509 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª√—∫§«∫§ÿ¡Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b555 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßµàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ √â“ß·≈–ª√—∫ §«∫§ÿ¡√–¥—∫ ¢ÕߌÕ√å‚¡π „π√à“ß°“¬ √«¡∂÷ß°“√ ‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡√Õ∫«ß®√ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡ ¡¥ÿ≈∑“ߌÕ√å‚¡π; µàÕ¡„µâ ¡Õß∑”ß“π¡“°‡°‘π‰ª πâÕ¬ ‡°‘π‰ª, µàÕ¡‰∑√Õ¬¥å∑”ß“π¡“°‡°‘π‰ª πâÕ¬‡°‘π‰ª, µàÕ¡À¡«°‰µ∑”ß“π¡“°‡°‘π‰ª πâÕ¬ ‡°‘π‰ª, µàÕ¡æ“√“‰∑√Õ¬¥å∑”ß“π¡“°‡°‘π‰ª πâÕ¬‡°‘π‰ª, µàÕ¡ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå∑”ß“π¡“°‡°‘π‰ª πÕ¬‡°â π‰ª‘ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡∑—Ë«‰ª (b540); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√§ÿ¡ ¡¥ÿ≈¢ÕßπÈ”, ·√à∏“µÿ·≈–‡°≈◊Õ·√à (b545); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª√—∫§«∫§ÿ¡Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ (b550); °“√∑”ß“π ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß∑“ß‡æ» (b640); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¡’√Õ∫‡¥◊Õπ (b650) b559 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ √–∫∫‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈– ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b598 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß √–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ √–∫∫‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈– √–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

87 Body Functions ICF

b599 Functions of the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems, unspecified

88 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b599 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√√–∫∫‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â √–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

88 Body Functions ICF Chapter 6 Genitourinary and reproductive functions This chapter is about the functions of urination and the reproductive functions, including sexual and procreative functions. Urinary functions (b610-b639)

b610 Urinary excretory functions Functions of filtration and collection of the urine. Inclusions: functions of urinary filtration, collection of urine; impairments such as in renal insufficiency, anuria, oliguria, hydronephrosis, hypotonic urinary bladder and ureteric obstruction Exclusion: urination functions (b620)

b6100 Filtration of urine Functions of filtration of urine by the kidneys.

b6101 Collection of urine Functions of collection and storage of urine by the ureters and bladder.

b6108 Urinary excretory functions, other specified

b6109 Urinary excretory functions, unspecified

b620 Urination functions Functions of discharge of urine from the urinary bladder. Inclusions: functions of urination, frequency of urination, urinary continence; impairments such as in stress, urge, reflex, overflow, continuous incontinence, dribbling, automatic bladder, polyuria, urinary retention and urinary urgency Exclusions: urinary excretory functions (b610); sensations associated with urinary functions (b630)

b6200 Urination Functions of voiding the urinary bladder. Inclusions: impairments such as in urine retention

b6201 Frequency of urination Functions involved in the number of times urination occurs.

89 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à ∫∑∑’Ë 6 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇√◊ËÕß°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏å Õ«—¬–‡æ» ªí “«–·≈–√–∫∫ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå „π∫∑π’È®–‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ªí “«–·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå √«¡∑—Èß°“√∑”ß“π∑“ß‡æ» ·≈–°“√„Àâ°”‡π‘¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ªí “«– (b610-b639) b610 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¢—∫ªí “«– °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√°√Õß·≈–°“√√«∫√«¡πÈ”ªí “«– √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√°√ÕßπÈ”ªí “«–, °“√√«∫√«¡πÈ”ªí “«–; °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ°“√ ∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ‰µæ‘°“√, °“√‰¡à¡’ªí “«–, °“√ªí “«–πâÕ¬, ‰µ∫«¡πÈ”, °√–‡æ“– ªí “«–∫’∫µ—«πâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘ ·≈–°“√Õÿ¥µ—π¢Õß∑àÕ‰µ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ªí “«– (b620) b6100 °“√°√ÕßπÈ”ªí “«– °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߉µ„π°“√°√ÕßπÈ”ªí “«– b6101 °“√√«∫√«¡πÈ”ªí “«– °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√«∫√«¡ ·≈–‡°Á∫πÈ”ªí “«–‚¥¬ ∑àÕ‰µ ·≈–°√–‡æ“–ªí “«– b6108 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¢—∫ªí “«–, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ Ê b6109 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¢—∫ªí “«–, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b620 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¢—∫πÈ”ªí “«–ÕÕ°®“°°√–‡æ“–ªí “«– √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«–, §«“¡∂’Ë„π°“√∂à“¬ªí “«–, °“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√ ªí “«–; °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“槫“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√ªí “«–‡≈Á¥‡¡◊ËÕ¡’§«“¡°¥¥—π ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’ °“√‰Õ ®“¡, °“√∂à“¬ªí “«–„π∑—π∑’∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥, ªí “«–‡¡◊ËÕ¡’°“√°√–µÿâπ, ªí “«–‡¡◊ËÕ ¡“°‡°‘π‡°Á∫, °“√°≈—Èπªí “«–‰¡à‰¥âµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß, °“√À¬¥, °“√ªí “«–‚¥¬‰¡à‰¥âµ—Èß„®, °“√ ªí “«–¡“°, ªí “«–§â“ß ·≈–°“√°≈—Èπªí “«–‰¡à‰¥â ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¢—∫ªí “«– (b610); §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß °“√ªí “«– (b630) b6200 °“√∂à“¬ªí “«– °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¢—∫ªí “«–ÕÕ°®“°°√–‡æ“–ªí “«– √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ªí “«–§â“ß b6201 §«“¡∂’Ë¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫®”π«π§√—ÈߢÕß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«–

89 Body Functions ICF

b6202 Urinary continence Functions of control over urination. Inclusions:impairments such as in stress, urge, reflex, continuous and mixed incontinence

b6208 Urination functions, other specified

b6209 Urination functions, unspecified

b630 Sensations associated with urinary functions Sensations arising from voiding and related urinary functions Inclusions: sensations of incomplete voiding of urine, feeling of fullness of bladder Exclusions: sensations of pain (b280); urination functions (b620)

b639 Urinary functions, other specified and unspecified Genital and reproductive functions (b640-b679)

b640 Sexual functions Mental and physical functions related to the sexual act, including the arousal, preparatory, orgasmic and resolution stages. Inclusions: functions of the sexual arousal, preparatory, orgasmic and resolution phase: functions related to sexual interest, performance, penile erection, clitoral erection, vaginal lubrication, ejaculation, orgasm; impairments such as impotence, frigidity, vaginismus, premature ejaculation, priapism and delayed ejaculation Exclusions: procreation functions (b660); sensations associated with genital and reproductive functions (b670)

b6400 Functions of sexual arousal phase Functions of sexual interest and excitement.

b6401 Functions of sexual preparatory phase Functions of engaging in sexual intercourse.

b6402 Functions of orgasmic phase Functions of reaching orgasm.

90 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b6202 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√°≈—Èπªí “«–‰¡à‰¥â‡¡◊ËÕ¡’§«“¡°¥¥—π ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’°“√‰Õ ®“¡, °“√∂à“¬ªí “«–„π∑—π∑’∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥, ªí “«–‡¡◊ËÕ¡’°“√°√–µÿâπ, ªí “«–‡¡◊ËÕ ¡“°‡°‘π‡°Á∫, °“√ªí “«–‡≈Á¥µ≈Õ¥‡«≈“ b6208 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«–, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b6209 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«–, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b630 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ®“°°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– À√◊Õ®“°°“√∑”ß“πÕ◊ËπÊ ¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– √«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“∂à“¬ªí “«–‰¡à ÿ¥ À√◊Õ§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°√–‡æ“–ªí “«–‡µÁ¡ ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– (b620) b639 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ªí “«–, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå (b640-b679) b640 °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß‡æ» °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß°“¬·≈–∑“ß®‘µ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫ªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√∑“ß‡æ» µ—Èß·µà¢—ÈπµÕπ¢Õß°“√°√–µÿâπ, °“√‡µ√’¬¡µ—«, °“√‡ ’¬« ÿ¥¬Õ¥∑“ß‡æ» ·≈–√–¬–ºàÕπ§≈“¬ √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√°√–µÿâπ∑“߇æ», °“√‡µ√’¬¡µ—«, °“√‡ ’¬« ÿ¥¬Õ¥∑“ß‡æ» ·≈–√–¬–ºàÕπ§≈“¬ : °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫§«“¡ π„®∑“߇æ», ¡√√∂¿“æ, °“√·¢Áßµ—« ¢ÕßÕߧ噓µ‘, °“√·¢Áßµ—«¢Õߧ≈‘µÕ√‘ (ªÿ¡°√– —π), °“√À≈àÕ≈◊Ëπ¿“¬„π™àÕߧ≈Õ¥, °“√ À≈—ËßπÈ”Õ ÿ®‘, ·≈–°“√‡ ’¬« ÿ¥¬Õ¥∑“߇æ»; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¡√√∂¿“æ∑“ß ‡æ», §«“¡‡¬Áπ™“∑“߇æ», °“√‡°√Áß√—¥µ—«¢Õß™àÕߧ≈Õ¥, Õ“°“√À≈—Ë߇√Á«, °“√·¢ÁßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß ¢ÕßÕߧ™“µ‘ ·≈–°“√À≈—Ëߙⓠ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√„Àâ°”‡π‘¥ (b660); §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß Õ«—¬«–‡æ» ·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏å (b670) b6400 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–¬–¢Õß°“√°√–µÿâπ∑“ß‡æ» °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡ π„®·≈–§«“¡µ◊Ëπ‡µâπ∑“ß‡æ» b6401 °“√∑”ß“π„π√–¬–°“√‡µ√’¬¡µ—«∑“ß‡æ» °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‡π◊ËÕß°—∫°“√√à«¡‡æ» b6402 °“√∑”ß“π„π√–¬–∑’Ë∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬« ÿ¥¬Õ¥∑“ß‡æ» °“√∑”ß“π‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ∂÷ß°“√‡ ’¬« ÿ¥¬Õ¥∑“߇æ»

90 Body Functions ICF

b6403 Functions of sexual resolution phase Functions of satisfaction after orgasm and accompanying relaxation. Inclusions: impairments such as dissatisfaction with orgasm

b6408 Sexual functions, other specified

b6409 Sexual functions, unspecified

b650 Menstruation functions Functions associated with the menstrual cycle, including regularity of menstruation and discharge of menstrual fluids. Inclusions: functions of regularity and interval of menstruation, extent of menstrual bleeding, menarche, menopause; impairments such as primary and secondary amenorrhoea, menorrhagia, polymenorrhoea and retrograde menstruationpremenstrual tension Exclusions: sexual functions (b640); procreation functions (b660); sensations associated with genital and reproductive functions (b670); sensation of pain (b280)

b6500 Regularity of menstrual cycle Functions involved in the regularity of the menstrual cycle. Inclusions: too frequent or too few occurrences of menstruation

b6501 Interval between menstruation Functions relating to the length of time between two menstrual cycles.

b6502 Extent of menstrual bleeding Functions involved in the quantity of menstrual flow. Inclusions: too little menstrual flow (hypomenorrhoea); too much menstrual flow (menorrhagia, hypermenorrhoea)

b6508 Menstruation functions, other specified

b6509 Menstruation functions, unspecified

91 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b6403 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–¬–ºàÕπ§≈“¬ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡æÕ„®À≈—ß®“°°“√‡ ’¬« ÿ¥¬Õ¥∑“߇滷≈–°“√ºàÕπ§≈“¬∑’Ë µ“¡¡“ √«¡ : °“√∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√‰¡à¡’§«“¡æÕ„®®“°°“√‡ ’¬« ÿ¥¬Õ¥∑“ß‡æ» b6408 °“√∑”ß“π∑“߇æ», ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b6409 °“√∑”ß“π∑“߇æ», ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b650 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫‡√◊ËÕߢÕß«ß√Õ∫¢Õߪ√–®”‡¥◊Õπ √«¡∂÷ߧ«“¡ ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ·≈–°“√¢—∫ ‡≈◊Õ¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√°”À𥧫“¡ ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ·≈–™à«ß¢Õß°“√¡’√Õ∫‡¥◊Õπ, ª√‘¡“≥ ¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ§√—Èß·√°, °“√À¡¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√¢“¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘·≈–∑ÿµ‘¬¿Ÿ¡‘ ¢—Èπ∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß ·≈–¢—Èπ∑’Ë Õß, °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ π“π, °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ¡“° ·≈–°“√∑’˪√–®”‡¥◊Õπ‰À≈≈ß™àÕß∑âÕß·≈–§«“¡µ÷߇§√’¬¥°àÕπ ¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß‡æ» (b640) °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√„Àâ°”‡π‘¥ (b660); §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’Ë ‡°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–‡æ»·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå (b670); §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280) b6500 §«“¡ ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ¢Õß√Õ∫ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡ ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ¢Õß°“√¡’√Õ∫ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ √«¡ : °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ∂’ˇ°‘π‰ªÀ√◊ÕÀà“߇°‘π‰ª b6501 ™à«ß√–¬–‡«≈“√–À«à“ß°“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ (Interval) °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫™à«ß√–¬–‡«≈“√–À«à“ß√Õ∫ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ Õß√Õ∫ b6502 ª√‘¡“≥¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ª√‘¡“≥°“√À≈—ËߢÕߪ√–®”‡¥◊Õπ √«¡ : °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπª√‘¡“≥πâÕ¬‡°‘π‰ª °“√À≈—ËߢÕß√Õ∫‡¥◊ÕππâÕ¬‡°‘π‰ª ; °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ¡“°‡°‘π‰ª ª√‘¡“≥°“√À≈—ËߢÕß√Õ∫‡¥◊Õπ¡“°‡°‘π‰ª b6508 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ b6509 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

91 Body Functions ICF

b660 Procreation functions Functions associated with fertility, pregnancy, childbirth and lactation. Inclusions: functions of male fertility and female fertility, pregnancy and childbirth, and lactation; impairments such as azoospermia, oligozoospermia, agalactorrhoea, galactorrhoea,alactationand such as in subfertility, sterility, , spontaneous abortions, ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, small fetus, hydramnios and premature childbirth, and delayed childbirth Exclusions: sexual functions (b640); menstruation functions (b650)

b6600 Functions related to fertility Functions related to the ability to produce gametes for procreation. Inclusion: impairments such as in subfertility and sterility Exclusion: sexual functions (b640)

b6601 Functions related to pregnancy Functions involved in becoming pregnant and being pregnant.

b6602 Functions related to childbirth Functions involved during childbirth.

b6603 Lactation Functions involved in producing milk and making it available to the child.

b6608 Procreation functions, other specified

b6609 Procreation functions, unspecified

b670 Sensations associated with genital and reproductive functions Sensations arising from sexual arousal, intercourse, menstruation, and related genital or reproductive functions. Inclusions: sensations of dyspareunia, dysmenorrhoea, hot flushes during menopause and night sweats during menopause Exclusions: sensation of pain (b280); sensations associated with urinary functions (b630); sexual functions (b640); menstruation functions (b650); procreation functions (b660)

b6700 Discomfort associated with sexual intercourse Sensations associated with sexual arousal, preparation, intercourse, orgasm and resolution.

92 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b660 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√„Àâ°”‡π‘¥ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå, °“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å, °“√§≈Õ¥∫ÿµ√ ·≈–°“√À≈—ËßπÈ”π¡ √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß °“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå „π‡æ»™“¬ ·≈–‡æ»À≠‘ß, °“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å ·≈–°“√ §≈Õ¥∫ÿµ√·≈–°“√À≈—ËßπÈ”π¡; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√‰¡à¡’‡™◊ÈÕÕ ÿ®‘, °“√¡’‡™◊ÈÕÕ ÿ®‘πâÕ¬, °“√¡’πÈ”π¡‰À≈πâÕ¬, °“√¡’πÈ”π¡‰À≈¡“°, °“√À≈—ËßπÈ”π¡ ‡™àπ „π°“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏åµË”°«à“ ª°µ‘, °“√‡ªìπÀ¡—π, °“√·∑âß‚¥¬‰¡à√Ÿâ “‡Àµÿ °“√µ—Èߧ√√¿åπÕ°¡¥≈Ÿ°, °“√·∑âß, ∑“√°„π §√√∂åµ—«‡≈Á°, ¿“«–πÈ”§√Ë”¡“° ·≈–°“√§≈Õ¥≈Ÿ°°àÕπ°”Àπ¥·≈–À≈—ß°”Àπ¥ ≈à“™â“ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß‡æ» (b640); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ (b650) b6600 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√∑”„À⇰‘¥‡´≈≈å ◊∫æ—π∏å ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„Àâ °”‡π‘¥ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏åÿµË”°«à“ª°µ‘·≈–°“√‡ªìπÀ¡—π ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß‡æ» b6601 °“√∑”ß“π‡°’Ë¬«¢âÕß°—∫°“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√‡°‘¥°“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å·≈–°“√¡’§√√¿å °“√‡µ√’¬¡§«“¡æ√âÕ¡ °àÕπ°“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å·≈–°“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å b6602 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√§≈Õ¥∫ÿµ√ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√§≈Õ¥∫ÿµ√ b6603 °“√„Àâπ¡ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√º≈‘µπÈ”π¡·≈– “¡“√∂„Àâπ¡°—∫∑“√°‰¥â b6608 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√„Àâ°”‡π‘¥, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b6609 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√„Àâ°”‡π‘¥, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b670 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ¡“®“°°“√°√–µÿâπ∑“߇æ», °“√√à«¡‡æ», °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ ·≈–°“√ ∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫Õ«—¬«–‡æ»·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå √«¡ : Õ“°“√ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥¢≥–√à«¡‡æ», °“√ª«¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, °“√√âÕπ«Ÿ∫«“¡À≈—ß À¡¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, ·≈–‡Àß◊ËÕÕÕ°°≈“ߧ◊π À≈—ßÀ¡¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280); §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ ªí “«– (b630); °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß‡æ» (b640); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ (b650); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√„Àâ°”‡π‘¥ (b660) b6700 Õ“°“√‰¡à ∫“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√√à«¡‡æ» §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√°√–µÿâπ∑“߇æ», °“√‡µ√’¬¡µ—«, °“√√à«¡‡æ», °“√ ‡ ’¬« ÿ¥¬Õ¥∑“߇滷≈–°“√ºàÕπ§≈“¬

92 Body Functions ICF

b6701 Discomfort associated with the menstrual cycle Sensations involved with menstruation, including pre- and post-menstrual phases.

b6702 Discomfort associated with menopause Sensations associated with cessation of the menstrual cycle. Inclusions: hot flushes and night sweats during menopause

b6708 Sensations associated with genital and reproductive functions, other specified

b6709 Sensations associated with genital and reproductive functions, unspecified

b679 Genital and reproductive functions, other specified and unspecified

b698 Genitourinary and reproductive functions, other specified

b699 Genitourinary and reproductive functions, unspecified

93 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b6701 Õ“°“√‰¡à ∫“¬∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√¡’√Õ∫‡¥◊Õ𠧫“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√¡’√Õ∫ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ √«¡∑—Èß√–¬–°àÕπ·≈–À≈—ß¡’√Õ∫ ª√–®”‡¥Õπ◊ b6702 Õ“°“√‰¡à ∫“¬∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√À¡¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õ𠧫“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°‘¥‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√À¬ÿ¥¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ √«¡ : °“√√âÕπ«Ÿ∫«“∫ ·≈–‡Àß◊ËÕÕ°°≈“ߧ◊π À≈—ßÀ¡¥°“√¡’√Õ∫‡¥◊Õπ b6708 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–‡æ»·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥Õ’ πÊ◊Ë b6709 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–‡æ»·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â √–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b679 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–‡æ»·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â √–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b698 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå ·≈–Õ«—¬«–‡æ» ·≈–∑“߇¥‘πªí “«–, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥Õ’ πÊ◊Ë b699 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå ·≈–Õ«—¬«–‡æ» ·≈–∑“߇¥‘πªí “«–, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

93 Body Functions ICF Chapter 7 Neuromusculoskeletal and movement- related functions This chapter is about the functions of movement and mobility, including functions of joints, bones, reflexes and muscles. Functions of the joints and bones (b710-b729)

b710 Mobility of joint functions Functions of the range and ease of movement of a joint. Inclusions: functions of mobility of single or several joints, vertebral, shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle, small joints of hands and feet; mobility of joints generalized; impairments such as in hypermobility of joints, frozen joints, frozen shoulder, arthritis Exclusions: stability of joint functions (b715); control of voluntary movement functions (b760)

b7100 Mobility of a single joint Functions of the range and ease of movement of one joint.

b7101 Mobility of several joints Functions of the range and ease of movement of more than one joint.

b7102 Mobility of joints generalized Functions of the range and ease of movement of joints throughout the body.

b7108 Mobility of joint functions, other specified

b7109 Mobility of joint functions, unspecified

b715 Stability of joint functions Functions of the maintenance of structural integrity of the joints. Inclusions: functions of the stability of a single joint, several joints, and joints generalized; impairments such as in unstable shoulder joint, dislocation of a joint, dislocation of shoulder and hip Exclusion: mobility of joint functions (b710)

94 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à ∫∑∑’Ë 7 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕª√– “∑·≈– ‚§√ß√à“ß·≈– à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« „π∫∑π’È®–‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë√«¡∑—Èß°“√∑”ß“π¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ, °√–¥Ÿ°, ªØ‘°√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕß·≈–°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ·≈–°√–¥Ÿ° (b710-b729) b710 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë ¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫æ‘ —¬¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·≈–§«“¡§≈àÕß„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ‡¥’ˬ«À√◊ÕÀ≈“¬¢âÕµàÕ, °√–¥Ÿ° —π À≈—ß, ‰À≈à, ¢âÕ¡◊Õ, –‚æ°, À—«‡¢à“, ¢âÕ‡∑â“, ¢âÕµàÕ¬àÕ¬∑’Ë¡◊Õ·≈–‡∑â“ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß ¢âÕµàÕ∑—Ë«√à“ß°“¬; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ“°“√≈◊Ëπ¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘, ¢âÕµ‘¥ : Õ“°“√ ‰À≈à·¢Áß, ‚√§‰¢¢âÕ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ (b715); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∫—ߧ—∫°“√ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„® (b760) b7100 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ‡¥’ˬ« °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫æ‘ —¬·≈–§«“¡§≈àÕßµ—«„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢ÕߢâÕµàÕÀπ÷Ëß®ÿ¥ b7101 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕÀ≈“¬®ÿ¥ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫æ‘ —¬·≈–§«“¡§≈àÕßµ—«„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ¡“°°«à“ Àπß®÷Ë ¥ÿ b7102 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ∑—Ë«√à“ß°“¬ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫ æ‘ —¬ ·≈–§«“¡§≈àÕßµ—«„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ ∑—Ë« ∑—Èß√à“ß°“¬ b7108 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b7109 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b715 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√√—°…“ ¿“悧√ß √â“ߢÕߢâÕµàÕ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ‡¥’ˬ«, ¢ÕßÀ≈“¬¢âÕ·≈–¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ∑—Ë«∑—Èß √à“ß°“¬; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™à𠧫“¡‰¡à¡—Ëπ§ß¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°À—«‰À≈à, ¢âÕ‡§≈◊ËÕπ, ¢âÕ –‚æ°À√◊Õ À—«‰À≈à‡§≈◊ËÕπ ‰¡à√«¡; °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ

94 Body Functions ICF

b7150 Stability of a single joint Functions of the maintenance of structural integrity of one joint.

b7151 Stability of several joints Functions of the maintenance of structural integrity of more than one joint.

b7152 Stability of joints generalized Functions of the maintenance of structural integrity of joints throughout the body.

b7158 Stability of joint functions, other specified

b7159 Stability of joint functions, unspecified

b720 Mobility of bone functions Functions of the range and ease of movement of the scapula, pelvis, carpal and tarsal bones. Inclusions: impairments such as frozen scapula and frozen pelvis Exclusion: mobility of joints functions (b710)

b7200 Mobility of scapula Functions of the range and ease of movement of the scapula. Inclusions: impairments such as protraction, retraction, laterorotation and medial rotation of the scapula

b7201 Mobility of pelvis Functions of the range and ease of movement of the pelvis. Inclusion: rotation of the pelvis

b7202 Mobility of carpal bones Functions of the range and ease of movement of the carpal bones.

b7203 Mobility of tarsal bones Functions of the range and ease of movement of the tarsal bones.

b7208 Mobility of bone functions, other specified

b7209 Mobility of bone functions, specified

b729 Functions of the joints and bones, other specified and unspecified

95 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b7150 §«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ‡¥’ˬ« °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—°…“ ¿“悧√ß √â“ߢÕߢâÕµàÕ Àπ÷Ëß®ÿ¥ b7151 §«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢ÕߢâÕµàÕÀ≈“¬Ê ®ÿ¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—°…“ ¿“悧√ß √â“ߢÕߢâÕµàÕ ¡“°°«à“Àπ÷Ëß®ÿ¥ b7152 §«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ∑—Ë«∑—Èß√à“ß°“¬ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√√—°…“ ¿“悧√ß √â“ߢÕߢâÕµàÕ ∑—Ë«∑—Èß√à“ß°“¬ b7158 §«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ Õ◊ËπÊ b7159 §«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b720 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ° °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫æ‘ —¬·≈– §«“¡§≈àÕßµ—«„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ° –∫—°, ‡™‘ß°√“π, °√–¥Ÿ°¢âÕ¡◊Õ ·≈–°√–¥Ÿ°¢âÕ‡∑â“ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °√–¥Ÿ° –∫—° ·≈– °√–¥Ÿ°‡™‘ß°√“π Ωó¥ ·¢Áß œ≈œ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ (b710) b7200 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ° –∫—° °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫ æ‘ —¬ ·≈– §«“¡§≈àÕßµ—«¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ° –∫—° √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√¢¬—∫¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ° –∫—°®“°·π«Àπâ“À≈—ß·≈–°“√ À¡ÿπ‡¢â“„π·≈–À¡ÿπÕÕ°πÕ° b7201 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°‡™‘ß°√“π °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫æ‘ —¬ ·≈– §«“¡§≈àÕßµ—«„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°‡™‘ß °√“π √«¡ : °“√À¡ÿπ¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°‡™‘ß°√“π b7202 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°¢âÕ¡◊Õ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫æ‘ —¬·≈–§«“¡§≈àÕßµ—«„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°¢âÕ¡◊Õ b7203 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°¢âÕ‡∑â“ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫ æ‘ —¬ ·≈– §«“¡§≈àÕßµ—«„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ° ¢Õ‡∑â “â b7208 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b7209 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b729 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ·≈–°√–¥Ÿ°, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

95 Body Functions ICF Muscle functions (b730-b749)

b730 Muscle power functions Functions related to the force generated by the contraction of a muscle or muscle groups. Inclusions: functions associated with the power of specific muscles and muscle groups, muscles of one limb, one side of the body, the lower half of the body, all limbs, the trunk and the body as a whole; impairments such as weakness of small muscles in feet and hands, muscle paresis, muscle paralysis, monoplegia, hemiplegia, paraplegia, quadriplegia and akinetic mutism Exclusions: functions of structures adjoining the eye (b215); muscle tone functions (b735); muscle endurance functions (b740)

b7300 Power of isolated muscles and muscle groups Functions related to the force generated by the contraction of specific and isolated muscles and muscle groups. Inclusions: impairments such as weakness of small muscles of feet or hands

b7301 Power of muscles of one limb Functions related to the force generated by the contraction of the muscles and muscle groups of one arm or leg. Inclusions: impairments such as monoparesis and monoplegia

b7302 Power of muscles of one side of the body Functions related to the force generated by the contraction of the muscles and muscle groups found on the left or right side of the body. Inclusions: impairments such as hemiparesis and hemiplegia

b7303 Power of muscles in lower half of the body Functions related to the force generated by the contraction of the muscles and muscle groups found in the lower half of the body. Inclusions: impairments such as paraparesis and paraplegia

b7304 Power of muscles of all limbs Functions related to the force generated by the contraction of muscles and muscle groups of all four limbs. Inclusions: impairments such as tetraparesis and tetraplegia

96 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ (b730-b749) b730 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ß ∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ‡¥’ˬ« À√◊Õ¢Õß°≈ÿà¡°≈â“¡ ‡πÕ◊È √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ√◊Õ°≈ÿà¡°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ®”‡æ“–, °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë ·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß, ∑’Ë¥â“πÀπ÷ËߢÕß√à“ß°“¬, ∑’Ë√à“ß°“¬ à«π≈à“ß, ·¢π¢“∑—Èß 4, ∑’Ë≈”µ—« ·≈–∑—Èßµ—«; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ“°“√ÕàÕπ¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¡—¥À≈—°∑’Ë¡◊Õ·≈–‡∑â“, Õ—¡æ“µ∑’Ë °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, Õ—¡æ“µ·¢π¢“¢â“߇¥’¬«, Õ—¡æ“µ§√÷Ëß´’°, Õ—¡æ“µ∑—Èß 2 ¢â“ß, Õ—¡æ“µ·¢π¢“ ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥, ¿“«–ÕàÕπ·√ß∑—Èßµ—« ·µà¬—ß√Ÿâµ—« ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß∑’˵‘¥Õ¬Ÿà°—∫¥«ßµ“ (b215); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡µ÷ßµ—« ¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ (b735); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡∑π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ b7300 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ÷ËßÊ À√◊Õ°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ß∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ÷ËßÊ ·≈–°≈ÿà¡ ¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ“°“√ÕàÕπ·√ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¡—¥‡≈Á°∑’Ë¡◊Õ·≈–‡∑â“ b7301 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ß∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡ ‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ—¡æƒ°…å¢Õß·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß, Õ—¡æ“µ¢Õß·¢π À√◊Õ¢“¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß b7302 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢â“ß„¥¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ß∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡ ‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà¥â“π¢«“À√◊Õ¥â“π´â“¬¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ—¡æƒ°…å·≈–Õ—¡æ“µ§√÷Ëß´’° b7303 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ à«π≈à“ß °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ß∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡ ‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∫√‘‡«≥ à«π≈à“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ—¡æƒ°…å·≈–Õ—¡æ“µ∑—Èß 2 ¢â“ß b7304 °”≈—ߢÕß·¢π·≈–¢“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ®“°°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ·≈–°≈ÿà¡¢Õß °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë·¢π·≈–¢“∑—Èß ’Ë à«π √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ—¡æƒ°…å·≈–Õ—¡æ“µ·¢π¢“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥

96 Body Functions ICF

b7305 Power of muscles of the trunk Functions related to the force generated by the contraction of muscles and muscle groups in the trunk.

b7306 Power of all muscles of the body Functions related to the force generated by the contraction of all muscles and muscle groups of the body. Inclusions: impairments such as akinetic mutism

b7308 Muscle power functions, other specified

b7309 Muscle power functions, unspecified

b735 Muscle tone functions Functions related to the tension present in the resting muscles and the resistance offered when trying to move the muscles passively. Inclusions: functions associated with the tension of isolated muscles and muscle groups, muscles of one limb, one side of the body and the lower half of the body, muscles of all limbs, muscles of the trunk, and all muscles of the body; impairments such as hypotonia, hypertonia and muscle spasticity Exclusions: muscle power functions (b730); muscle endurance functions (b740)

b7350 Tone of isolated muscles and muscle groups Functions related to the tension present in the resting isolated muscles and muscle groups and the resistance offered when trying to move those muscles passively. Inclusions: impairments such as in focal dystonias, e.g. torticollis

b7351 Tone of muscles of one limb Functions related to the tension present in the resting muscles and muscle groups in one arm or leg and the resistance offered when trying to move those muscles passively. Inclusions: impairments associated with monoparesis and monoplegia

b7352 Tone of muscles of one side of body Functions related to the tension present in the resting muscles and muscle groups of the right or left side of the body and the resistance offered when trying to move those muscles passively. Inclusions: impairments associated with hemiparesis and hemiplegia

97 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b7305 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë≈”µ—« °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ¡“®“°°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–°≈ÿà¡¢Õß °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë≈”µ—« b7306 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑—Ë«∑—Èß√à“ß°“¬ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ¡“®“°°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–°≈ÿà¡¢Õß °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ¿“«–ÕàÕπ·√ß∑—Ë«µ—«·µà¬—ß√Ÿâµ—« b7308 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b7309 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b735 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ßµ÷ßµ—«„π°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢≥–æ—°·≈–°“√µâ“π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕµàÕ ·√ß®“°¿“¬πÕ°∑’Ë欓¬“¡®–∑”„Àâ°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕπ—ÈπÊ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫·√ßµ’ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ÷ËßÊ ·≈–°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß, ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢â“ß„¥¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß·≈–¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ à«π≈à“ß, °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·¢π·≈–¢“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥, °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ≈”µ—«, ·≈–°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥; §«“¡ ∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¡’§«“¡µ÷ßπâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘, °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¡’§«“¡µ÷ß¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘ ·≈– °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ¥‡°√Áß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ (b730); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“π¢Õß °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ (b740) b7350 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ßµ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ÷ËßÊ ·≈–°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ“°“√æ—°·≈–°“√µâ“π·√ß®“°¿“¬πÕ°∑’Ë欓¬“¡®–∑”„Àâ°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕπ—ÈπÊ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ¿“«–º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ‡©æ“–∑’Ë ‡ªìπµâπ«à“ §Õ¢—¥‡Õ’¬ß b7351 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ßµ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π ¢≥–æ—°·≈–°“√µâ“π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕµàÕ·√ß®“°¿“¬πÕ°∑’Ë欓¬“¡®–∑”„Àâ °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕπ—ÈπÊ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ‡™àπ Õ—¡æƒ°…åÀ√◊ÕÕ—¡æ“µ¢Õß·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“‡¥’¬« b7352 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢â“ß„¥¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ßµ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ’ËßÊ À√◊Õ°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë Õ¬Ÿà„π à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¥â“π´â“¬À√◊Õ¥â“π¢«“∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π¢≥–æ—°·≈–°“√µâ“π∑“π®“° °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕµàÕ·√ß®“°¿“¬πÕ°∑’Ë欓¬“¡®–∑”„Àâ°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕπ—ÈπÊ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫Õ—¡æƒ°…åÀ√◊ÕÕ—¡æ“µ§√÷Ëß´’°

97 Body Functions ICF

b7353 Tone of muscles of lower half of body Functions related to the tension present in the resting muscles and muscle groups in the lower half of the body and the resistance offered when trying to move those muscles passively. Inclusions: impairments associated with paraparesis and paraplegia

b7354 Tone of muscles of all limbs Functions related to the tension present in the resting muscles and muscle groups in all four limbs and the resistance offered when trying to move those muscles passively. Inclusions: impairments associated with tetraparesis and tetraplegia

b7355 Tone of muscles of trunk Functions related to the tension present in the resting muscles and muscle groups of the trunk and the resistance offered when trying to move those muscles passively.

b7356 Tone of all muscles of the body Functions related to the tension present in the resting muscles and muscle groups of the whole body and the resistance offered when trying to move those muscles passively. Inclusions: impairments such as in generalized dystonias and Parkinson's disease, or general paresis and paralysis

b7358 Muscle tone functions, other specified

b7359 Muscle tone functions, unspecified

b740 Muscle endurance functions Functions related to sustaining muscle contraction for the required period of time. Inclusions: functions associated with sustaining muscle contraction for isolated muscles and muscle groups, and all muscles of the body; impairments such as in myasthenia gravis Exclusions: exercise tolerance functions (b455); muscle power functions (b730); muscle tone functions (b735)

b7400 Endurance of isolated muscles Functions related to sustaining muscle contraction of isolated muscles for the required period of time.

98 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b7353 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ à«π≈à“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ßµ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ à«π≈à“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π¢≥– æ—°·≈–°“√µâ“π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕµàÕ·√ß®“°¿“¬πÕ°∑’Ë欓¬“¡®–∑”„Àâ°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ π—ÈπÊ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫Õ—¡æ“µÀ√◊ÕÕ—¡æƒ°…å¢Õߢ“ 2 ¢â“ß b7354 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·¢π·≈–¢“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡µ’ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·¢π·≈–¢“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥„π¢≥–æ—° ·≈–°“√µâ“π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕµàÕ·√ß®“°¿“¬πÕ°∑’Ë欓¬“¡®–∑”„Àâ°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ π—ÈπÊ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫Õ—¡æƒ°…å·≈–Õ—¡æ“µ·¢π¢“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ b7355 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ≈”µ—« °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ßµ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ≈”µ—«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ“°“√æ—° ·≈–°“√ µâ“π∑“πµàÕ·√ß®“°¿“¬πÕ°∑’Ë欓¬“¡®–∑”„Àâ°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕπ—ÈπÊ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« b7356 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·√ßµ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π¢≥– æ—°·≈–°“√µâ“π∑“πµàÕ·√ß®“°¿“¬πÕ°∑’Ë欓¬“¡®–∑”„Àâ°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕπ—ÈπÊ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ¿“«–º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·∫∫∑—Ë«‰ª ·≈–‚√§ æ“√å°‘π —π À√◊Õ Õ—¡æ“µ·≈–Õ—¡æƒ°…å∑—Ë«µ—« b7358 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b7359 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b740 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√§ß Õ“°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ„À≥âµ≈Õ¥√–¬–‡«≈“ ∑’˵âÕß°“√ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√§ßÕ“°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ÷ËßÊ À√◊Õ°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡ ‡π◊ÈÕ ·≈–°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß√à“ß°“¬; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ‚√§°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÕàÕπ·√ß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“πµàÕ°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬ (b455); ¥â“π °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡ ‡π◊ÈÕ (b730); ¥â“𧫓¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ (b735) b7400 §«“¡∑π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ÷ËßÊ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√§ßÕ“°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ÷ËßÊ „À≥âµ≈Õ¥√–¬– ‡«≈“∑’˵âÕß°“√

98 Body Functions ICF

b7401 Endurance of muscle groups Functions related to sustaining muscle contraction of isolated muscle groups for the required period of time. Inclusions: impairments associated with monoparesis, monoplegia, hemiparesis and hemiplegia, paraparesis and paraplegia

b7402 Endurance of all muscles of the body Functions related to sustaining muscle contraction of all muscles of the body for the required period of time. Inclusions: impairments sddocaited with tetraparesis, tetraplegia, general paresis and paralysis

b7408 Muscle endurance functions, other specified

b7409 Muscle endurance functions, unspecified

b749 Muscle functions, other specified and unspecified Movement functions (b750-b789)

b750 Motor reflex functions Functions of involuntary contraction of muscles automatically induced by specific stimuli. Inclusions: functions of stretch motor reflex, automatic local joint reflex, reflexes generated by noxious stimuli and other exteroceptive stimuli; withdrawal reflex, biceps reflex, radius reflex, quadriceps reflex, patellar reflex, ankle reflex

b7500 Stretch motor reflex Functions of involuntary contractions of muscles automatically induced by stretching.

b7501 Reflexes generated by noxious stimuli Functions of involuntary contractions of muscles automatically induced by painful or other noxious stimuli. Inclusion: withdrawal reflex

b7502 Reflexes generated by other exteroceptive stimuli Functions of involuntary contractions of muscles automatically induced by external stimuli other than noxious stimuli.

b7508 Motor reflex functions, other specified

99 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b7401 §«“¡∑π∑“π¢Õß°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√§ß Õ“°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ÷ËßÊ „À≥⠵≈Õ¥√–¬–‡«≈“∑’˵âÕß°“√ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫Õ—¡æ“µÀ√◊ÕÕ—¡æƒ°…å·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“ß„¥¢â“ß Àπ÷Ëß, Õ—¡æ“µ·≈–Õ—¡æƒ°…å§√÷Ëß´’° ·≈– Õ—¡æ“µ·≈–Õ—¡æ“µ¢Õߢ“ 2 ¢â“ß b7402 §«“¡∑π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√§ßÕ“°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ „Àâ ‰¥âµ≈Õ¥√–¬–‡«≈“∑’˵âÕß°“√ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫Õ—¡æ“µ·≈–Õ—¡æƒ°…å·¢π¢“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥, Õ—¡æ“µ·≈–Õ—¡æƒ°…å·∫∫∑—Ë«‰ª b7408 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ Õ◊ËπÊ b7409 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡Õ¥∑π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b749 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« (b750-b789)

b750 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß °‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —Ëß°“√ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„®∑’ˇªìπ‰ª‚¥¬Õ—µ‚π¡—µ‘‡¡◊ËÕ ¡’°“√√—°…“®“°µ—«°√–µÿâπ®”‡æ“– √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —Ëß°“√µàÕ°“√¬◊¥, °“√∑”ß“π‚¥¬µ—« ‡ÕߢÕߢâÕ, ªØ‘°√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕß∑’ˇ°‘¥®“° ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ∑’ˇªìπÕ—πµ√“¬ ·≈–°“√°√–µÿâπ®“° ‘Ëß ‡√â“¿“¬πÕ°, ªØ‘°√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕß·∫∫™—°ÕÕ°Õ◊ËπÊ b7500 °‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —Ëß°“√µàÕ°“√¬◊¥ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πÀ¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„® ´÷Ë߇°‘¥¢÷Èπ‚¥¬µ—« ‡Õß®“°°“√™—°π”¥â«¬°“√¬◊¥ b7501 °‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°µ—«°√–µÿâπ∑’ˇªìπÕ—πµ√“¬ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„® ´÷Ë߇°‘¥¢÷Èπ‚¥¬ µ—«‡Õß®“°°“√™—°π”¥â«¬§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ À√◊Õµ—«°√–µÿâπ∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥Õ—πµ√“¬·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ b7502 °‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°µ—«°√–µÿâπ¿“¬πÕ° °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„® ´÷Ë߇°‘¥¢÷Èπ‚¥¬ µ—«‡Õß®“°°“√™—°π”¢Õß ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ¿“¬πÕ°∑’ËπÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ‰ª®“°·∫∫∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥ Õ—πµ√“¬ b7508 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —Ëß°“√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ÕπÊ◊Ë

99 Body Functions ICF

b7509 Motor reflex functions, unspecified

b755 Involuntary movement reaction functions Functions of involuntary contractions of large muscles or the whole body induced by body position, balance and threatening stimuli. Inclusions: functions of postural reactions, righting reactions, body adjustment reactions, balance reactions, supporting reactions, defensive reactions Exclusion: motor reflex functions (b750)

b760 Control of voluntary movement functions Functions associated with control over and coordination of voluntary movements. Inclusions: functions of control of simple voluntary movements and of complex voluntary movements, coordination of voluntary movements, supportive functions of arm or leg, right left motor coordination, eye hand coordination, eye foot coordination; impairments such as control and coordination problems, e.g. dysdiadochokinesia Exclusions: muscle power functions (b730); involuntary movement functions (b765); gait pattern functions (b770)

b7600 Control of simple voluntary movements Functions associated with control over and coordination of simple or isolated voluntary movements.

b7601 Control of complex voluntary movements Functions associated with control over and coordination of complex voluntary movements.

b7602 Coordination of voluntary movements Functions associated with coordination of simple and complex voluntary movements, performing movements in an orderly combination. Inclusions: right left coordination, coordination of visually directed movements, such as eye hand coordination and eye foot coordination; impairments such as dysdiadochokinesia

b7603 Supportive functions of arm or leg Functions associated with control over and coordination of voluntary movements by placing weight either on the arms (elbows or hands) or on the legs (knees or feet).

b7608 Control of voluntary movement functions, other specified

100 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b7509 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —Ëß°“√∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b755 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪؑ°√‘¬“√à“ß°“¬´÷Ëß∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“® ®‘µ„® °“√∑”ß“π∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„®¢Õß°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ„À≠àÀ√◊Õ∑—Èß√à“ß°“¬ ∑’Ë ‡°‘¥®“°°“√™—°π”¢Õß°“√«“ßµ”·ÀπàߢÕß√à“ß°“¬, °“√∑√ßµ—«·≈– ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ∑’ˇªìπ¿—¬ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪؑ°√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ∑à«ß∑à“, ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“ πÕß µàÕ∑”µ—«µ√ß, ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕߥâ“π°“√ª√—∫µ—«¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, ªØ‘°√‘¬“¢Õß°“√∑√ßµ—«, ªØ‘°√‘¬“¢Õß°“√ æ¬ÿßµ—«, ªØ‘°√‘¬“¢Õß°“√ªÑÕß°—πµ—« ‰¡à√«¡ : °‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —Ëß°“√

b760 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∫—ߧ—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„® °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√∫—ߧ—∫·≈–°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π√à«¡°—π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’Ë Õ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„® √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∫—ߧ—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„®·∫∫ßà“¬·≈–·∫∫´—∫ ´âÕπ, °“√ª√– “π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„®, °“√∑”ß“π·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“„π°“√æ¬ÿß µ—«, °“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π —Ëß°“√¥â“π´â“¬·≈–¢«“, °“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õßµ“·≈–¡◊Õ „π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« °“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õߥ«ßµ“·≈– ¡◊Õ, °“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õßµ“·≈–‡∑â“„π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ªí≠À“„π°“√∫—ߧ—∫·≈–„π°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π ¥—ß‡™àπ dysdiadochokinesia ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ (b730); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà πÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„® (b765); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¬à“ß°â“« (b770) b7600 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„®·∫∫ßà“¬ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√∫—ߧ—∫·≈–°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’Ë Õ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®‘µ„®·∫∫ßà“¬À√◊Õ·∫∫∑’ˉ¡à‡°’ˬ«æ—π°—∫ à«πÕ◊Ëπ b7601 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®¢Õß®‘µ„®·∫∫´—∫´âÕπ °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√∫—ߧ—∫·≈–°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’Ë Õ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„®¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·∫∫´—∫´âÕπ b7602 °“√ª√– “π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®¢Õß®‘µ„® °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√ª√– “π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®¢Õß®‘µ„® ·∫∫ßà“¬·≈–·∫∫´—∫´âÕπ, °“√∑”°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·∫∫º ¡‰¥âÕ¬à“߇ªìπ√–‡∫’¬∫ √«¡ : °“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π¢«“ ´â“¬, °“√ª√– “π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’Ë°”°—∫¥â«¬ “¬µ“ ‡™àπ °“√ª√– “π°—π√–À«à“ßµ“·≈–¡◊Õ ·≈–°“√ª√– “π°—π√–À«à“ßµ“·≈– ‡∑â“ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ‰¡à “¡“√∂º≈—°ΩÉ“¡◊Õ Õ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á« b7603 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“„π°“√æ¬ÿßµ—« °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫ °“√∫—ߧ—∫·≈–ª√– “π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®¢Õß ®‘µ„® „Àâ¡’°“√∂à“¬πÈ”Àπ—°‰ª Ÿà·¢π (‰À≈à À√◊Õ »Õ°) À√◊Õ¢“ (‡¢à“ À√◊Õ ‡∑â“) b7608 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∫—ߧ—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„®, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬ ≈–‡Õ’¬¥ÕπÊ◊Ë

100 Body Functions ICF

b7609 Control of voluntary movement functions, unspecified

b765 Involuntary movement functions Functions of unintentional, non- or semi-purposive involuntary contractions of a muscle or group of muscles. Inclusions: involuntary contractions of muscles; impairments such as tremors, tics, mannerisms, stereotypies, motor perseveration, chorea, athetosis, vocal tics, dystonic movements and dyskinesia Exclusions: control of voluntary movement functions (b760); gait pattern functions (b770)

b7650 Involuntary contractions of muscles Functions of unintentional, non- or semi-purposive involuntary contractions of a muscle or group of muscles, such as those involved as part of a psychological dysfunction. Inclusions: impairments such as choreatic and athetotic movements; sleep-related movement disorders

b7651 Tremor Functions of alternating contraction and relaxation of a group of muscles around a joint, resulting in shakiness.

b7652 Tics and mannerisms Functions of repetitive, quasi-purposive, involuntary contractions of a group of muscles. Inclusion: impairments such as vocal tics, coprolalia and bruxism

b7653 Stereotypies and motor perseveration Functions of spontaneous, non-purposive movements such as repetitively rocking back and forth and nodding the head or wiggling.

b7658 Involuntary movement functions, other specified

b7659 Involuntary movement functions, unspecified

101 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b7609 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∫—ߧ—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„®, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

b765 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„® °“√∑”ß“π∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„®¢Õß°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ÷ËßÊ À√◊Õ°≈ÿà¡¢Õß °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ˇªìπ·∫∫‰¡à‰¥â®ß„® ·≈–‡ªìπ·∫∫‰¡à¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ߧåÀ√◊Õ¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ߧå‡æ’¬ß∫“ß à«π √«¡ : °“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ°“√∫—ߧ—∫¢Õß®‘µ„®; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ Õ“°“√ —Ëπ, ‚√§À¥‡°√Áß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«º‘¥ª°µ‘·∫∫µ“¬µ—«, °“√µÕ∫ πÕß´È”Ê ·¡â«à“µ—«°√–µÿâπ®–‡ª≈’ˬπÀ√◊ÕÀ¡¥‰ª, ‚√§™—°°√–µÿ°, °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«º‘¥ª°µ‘·∫∫ Õ∏‘µÕ¬¥å, ¿“«–°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ§«∫§ÿ¡‡ ’¬ß°√–µÿ°, ¿“«–º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß°”≈—ß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ·≈–¿“«– º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∫—ߧ—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®¢Õß®‘µ„® (b760); °“√ ∑”ß“π¢Õß√Ÿª·∫∫°â“«‡¥‘π (b770) b7650 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„® °“√∑”ß“π∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„®¢Õß°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ÷ËßÊ À√◊Õ °≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ˇªìπ·∫∫‰¡à‰¥â®ß„® ·≈–‡ªìπ·∫∫‰¡à¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ߧåÀ√◊Õ¡’®ÿ¥ ª√– ߧå‡æ’¬ß∫“ß à«π ‡™àπ „π°√≥’¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë ‡°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫§«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘ ∑“ß®‘µ«‘∑¬“ √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·∫∫™—°°√–µÿ° ·≈–·∫∫Õ∏’µÕ¬¥å ; §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ b7651 Õ“°“√ π—Ë °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√ ≈—∫°—π√–À«à“ß°“√À¥µ—«·≈–§≈“¬µ—«¢Õß°≈ÿà¡¢Õß °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ√Õ∫Ê¢âÕµàÕÀπ÷Ëß ‡ªìπº≈∑”„À⇰‘¥Õ“°“√ —Ëπ b7652 ‚√§À¥·°√Áß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ °“√∑”ß“π °“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ·∫∫´È”·≈–¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ߧ凪ìπ∫“ß à«π‚¥¬Õ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„® √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ¿“«–§«∫§ÿ¡°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ‡ ’¬«°√–µÿ°, °“√查®“À¬“∫ §“¬ ·≈–°“√°—¥øíπ b7653 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«º‘¥ª°µ‘·∫∫µ“¬µ—«·≈–°“√µÕ∫ πÕß´È”Ê °“√∑”ß“π ¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·∫∫‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ‡ÕßÀ√◊Õ‰¡à¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å ‡™àπ°“√‚¬°µ—« ‰ª¡“µ≈Õ¥‡«≈“ À√◊Õ æ¬—°Àπâ“ À√◊Õ¥‘Èπ µ≈Õ¥‡«≈“ b7658 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„®, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b7659 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„®, ∑’ˉ¡â‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

101 Body Functions ICF

b770 Gait pattern functions Functions of movement patterns associated with walking, running or other whole body movements. Inclusions: walking patterns and running patterns; impairments such as spastic gait, hemiplegic gait, paraplegic gait, asymmetric gait, limping and stiff gait pattern Exclusions: muscle power functions (b730); muscle tone functions (b735); control of voluntary movement functions (b760); involuntary movement functions (b765)

b780 Sensations related to muscles and movement functions Sensations associated with the muscles or muscle groups of the body and their movement. Inclusions: sensations of muscle stiffness and tightness of muscles, muscle spasm or constriction, and heaviness of muscles Exclusion: sensation of pain (b280)

b7800 Sensation of muscle stiffness Sensation of tightness or stiffness of muscles.

b7801 Sensation of muscle spasm Sensation of involuntary contraction of a muscle or a group of muscles.

b7808 Sensations related to muscles and movement functions, other specified

b7809 Sensations related to muscles and movement functions, unspecified b789 Movement functions, other specified and unspecified

b798 Neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions, other specified

b799 Neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions, unspecified

102 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b770 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√Ÿª·∫∫°“√°â“«‡¥‘π °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√Ÿª·∫∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫°“√‡¥‘π °“√«‘Ëß À√◊Õ°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß à«πÕ◊ËπÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ √«¡ : √Ÿª·∫∫°“√‡¥‘π·≈–°“√«‘Ëß; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ ∑à“‡¥‘π·¢Áß·°√Áß, ∑à“‡¥‘πÕ—¡æ“µ §√÷Ëß´’°, ∑à“‡¥‘πÕ—¡æ“µ¢“ 2 ¢â“ß, ∑à“‡¥‘π·∫∫‰¡à ¡¡“µ√, °“√‡¥‘π‡¢¬°·≈–®—ßÀ«–°“√ ‡¥‘π·∫∫·¢Á߇°√Áß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ (b730); ¥â“𧫓¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ (b735); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∫—ߧ—∫°“√∑”ß“π∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„®¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« (b760); °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„® (b765) b780 °“√∑”ß“π°“√√—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ·≈– °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« °“√√—∫¢Õߧ«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°—∫°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ À√◊Õ°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ·≈–°“√ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¥—ß°≈à“« √«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ߧ«“¡¬◊¥·¢Á߇°√ÁßÀ√◊Õ°“√µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, §«“¡‡°√Áß À√◊Õ°“√ √—¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ·≈–°“√√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ—° ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280) b7800 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕµ÷ß·¢Áß °“√√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕµ÷ßÀ√◊Õ·¢Áß b7801 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ‡°√Áß°√–µÿ° °“√√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ßÕ“°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ√◊Õ°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“® ¢Õß®µ„®‘ b7808 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b7809 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, ∑‰¡’Ë ‰¥à â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥’

b789 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬ ≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b798 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕª√– “∑‚§√ß°√–¥Ÿ° ·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ Õ◊ËπÊ b799 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕª√– “∑‚§√ß°√–¥Ÿ° ·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥√–∫â √“¬≈–‡Õÿ ’¬¥

102 Body Functions ICF Chapter 8 Functions of the skin and related structures This chapter is about the functions of skin, nails and hair. Functions of the skin (b810-b849)

b810 Protective functions of the skin Functions of the skin for protecting the body from physical, chemical and biological threats. Inclusions: functions of protecting against the sun and other radiation, photosensitivity, pigmentation, quality of skin; insulating function of skin, callus formation, hardening; impairments such as broken skin, ulcers, bedsores and thinning of skin Exclusions: repair functions of the skin (b820); other functions of the skin (b830)

b820 Repair functions of the skin Functions of the skin for repairing breaks and other damage to the skin. Inclusions: functions of scab formation, healing, scarring; bruising and keloid formation Exclusions: protective functions of the skin (b810); other functions of the skin (b830)

b830 Other functions of the skin Functions of the skin other than protection and repair, such as cooling and sweat secretion. Inclusions: functions of sweating, glandular functions of the skin and resulting body odour Exclusions: protective functions of the skin (b810); repair functions of the skin (b820)

b840 Sensation related to the skin Sensations related to the skin such as itching, burning sensation and tingling. Inclusions: impairments such as pins and needles sensation and crawling sensation Exclusion: sensation of pain (b280)

103 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à ∫∑∑’Ë 8 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑‡°’Ë ’ˬ«¢âÕß ∫∑π’ȇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß, ‡≈Á∫·≈–‡ â㧭 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß (b810-b849)

b810 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª°ªÑÕߢÕߺ‘«Àπ—ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß ‡æ◊ËÕª°ªÑÕß√à“ß°“¬®“°Õ—πµ√“¬∑“ß°“¬¿“æ, ‡§¡’·≈–™’«¿“æ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª°ªÑÕß®“°· ßÕ“∑‘µ¬å·≈–√—ß ’Õ◊ËπÊ, §«“¡‰«µàÕ· ß, °“√‡°‘¥ ’ ∑’˺‘«, §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß; Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√‡ªìπ©π«πÀÿâ¡¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß, °“√‡°‘¥ª¡°√–¥â“ß, °“√·¢Áßµ—«¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß; §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ º‘«Àπ—ß·µ°ª√‘, ·º≈, ·º≈°¥∑—∫ ·≈– º‘«Àπ—ß∫“ß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√´àÕ¡·´¡¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß (b820); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πÕ◊ËπÊ ¢Õß º‘«Àπ—ß (b830) b820 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√´àÕ¡·´¡¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß„π°“√´àÕ¡√Õ¬ª√‘·≈–§«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬Õ◊ËπµàÕº‘« √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ √â“ß –‡°Á¥·º≈, ·º≈À“¬, °“√‡°‘¥·º≈‡ªìπ, °“√‡°‘¥√Õ¬ ∂≈Õ°·≈–·º≈‡ªìππŸπ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª°ªÑÕߢÕߺ‘«Àπ—ß (b810); °“√∑”ß“πÕ◊ËπÊ ¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß (b830) b830 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πÕ◊ËπÊ ¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß∑’ËπÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ®“°°“√ª°ªÑÕß·≈–´àÕ¡·´¡ ‡™àπ °“√∑”„À⇬Áπ·≈– °“√À≈߇Àß—Ë ◊ËÕ √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√À≈—Ë߇Àß◊ËÕ, °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’˵àÕ¡¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß ·≈–∑”„À⇰‘¥°≈‘Ëπµ—« ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª°ªÑÕߢÕߺ‘«Àπ—ß (b810); °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√´àÕ¡·´¡ ¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß (b820) b840 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫º‘«Àπ—ß §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫º‘«Àπ—ß ‡™àπ °“√§—π, §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°· ∫√âÕπ ·≈–‡¢Á¡·∑ß √«¡ : §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡™à𠧫“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡ªìπ‡ÀπÁ∫™“‡À¡◊Õπ‡¢Á¡∑‘Ë¡ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢π≈ÿ°¬ÿ∫¬—∫ ‰¡à√«¡ : §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ (b280)

103 Body Functions ICF

b849 Functions of the skin, other specified and unspecified Functions of the hair and nails (b850-b869)

b850 Functions of hair Functions of the hair, such as protection, coloration and appearance. Inclusions: functions of growth of hair, pigmentation of hair, location of hair; impairments such as loss of hair or alopecia

b860 Functions of nails Functions of the nails, such as protection, scratching and appearance. Inclusions: growth and pigmentation of nails, quality of nails

b869 Functions of the hair and nails, other specified and unspecified

b898 Functions of the skin and related structures, other specified

b899 Functions of the skin and related structures, unspecified

104 ICF °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à b849 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇ âπº¡·≈–‡≈Á∫ (b850-b869) b850 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇ â㧭 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õ߇ â㧭 ‡™àπ°“√ª°ªÑÕß, °“√„Àâ ’ √√ ·≈–≈—°…≥–∑’˪√“°Ø √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ßÕ°¢Õ߇ âπº¡, ’¢Õ߇ âπº¡, µ”·ÀπàߢÕ߇ âπº¡; §«“¡ ∫°æ√àÕß ‡™àπ º¡√à«ß À√◊Õ »’√…–≈â“π b860 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇≈Á∫ Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õ߇≈Á∫ ‡™àπ °“√ª°ªÑÕß, °“√‡°“À√◊Õ≈—°…≥–∑’˪√“°Æ √«¡ : °“√ßÕ°·≈– ’¢Õ߇≈Á∫, §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õ߇≈Á∫ b869 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇ âπº¡·≈–‡≈Á∫, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ b898 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ b899 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ∑’Ë¡‘‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

104 Body Structures ICF BODY STRUCTURES

Definitions: Body structures are anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components. Impairments are problems in body function or structure as a significant deviation or loss.

First qualifier

Generic qualifier with the negative scale used to indicate the extent or magnitude of an impairment: xxx.0 NO impairment (none, absent, negligible,… ) 0-4 % xxx.1 MILD impairment (slight, low,…) 5-24 % xxx.2 MODERATE impairment (medium, fair,...) 25-49 % xxx.3 SEVERE impairment (high, extreme, …) 50-95 % xxx.4 COMPLETE impairment (total,…) 96-100 % xxx.8 not specified xxx.9 not applicable

Broad ranges of percentages are provided for those cases in which calibrated assessment instruments or other standards are available to quantify the impairment in body structure. For example, when “no impairment” or “complete impairment” in body structure is coded, this scaling may have margin of error of up to 5%. “Moderate impairment” is generally up to half of the scale of total impairment. The percentages are to be calibrated in different domains with reference to population standards as percentiles. For this quantification to be used in a uniform manner, assessment procedures need to be developed through research.

Second qualifier

Used to indicate the nature of the change in the respective body structure:

0 no change in structure 1 total absence 2 partial absence 3 additional part 4 aberrant dimensions 5 discontinuity 6 deviating position 7 qualitative changes in structure, including accumulation of fluid 8 not specified 9 not applicable

105 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬

§”®”°—¥§«“¡ ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ‡ªìπ à«π¥â“𰓬«‘¿“§¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‡™àπ Õ«—¬«– ·¢π ¢“ ·≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß¡—𠧫“¡∫°æ√àÕß §◊Õ ªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬À√◊Õ‚§√ß √â“ß ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ®π∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫πÕ¬à“ß¡“° À√◊Õ‡°‘¥°“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬

µ—«°”Àπ¥§à“∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß µ—«°”Àπ¥§à“‡©æ“–∑’Ë¡’§à“‡ªìπ≈∫ “¡“√∂∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß√–¥—∫¢Õß°“√‡ªìπ À√◊Õ§«“¡√ÿπ·√ߢÕß°“√ ‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ xxx.0 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‰¡à¡’ (‰¡à¡’, ‰¡àÕ¬Ÿà, ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬¡“° ...... ) 0-4 % xxx.1 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ‡≈°πÁ Õ¬â (πâÕ¬, µË” ...... ) 5-24 % xxx.2 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ª“π°≈“ß (°≈“ß, æÕ„™â ...... ) 25-49 % xxx.3 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß √ÿπ·√ß ( Ÿß, ∑’Ë ÿ¥ .....) 50-95 % xxx.4 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ (√«¡À¡¥ ..) 96-100 % xxx.8 ‰¡√–∫à ÿ xxx.9 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß ¡’°“√°”Àπ¥§à“„π·π«°«â“߇ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– ”À√—∫°√≥’∑’Ë¡’Õÿª°√≥å À√◊Õ«‘∏’ª√–‡¡‘π§à“ ‚¥¬„™â¡“µ√∞“π Õ◊ËπÊ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√«—¥§à“¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑“ß‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ °√≥’√–À«à“ß ç‰¡à¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕßé °∫— 秫“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑—ÈßÀ¡¥é °“√„ à√À— ®–¡’°“√§≈“¥‡§≈◊ËÕπ ‰¥â¡“°∂÷ß 5% à«π 秫“¡∫°æ√àÕߪ“π°≈“ßé ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª ®–Õ¬Ÿà∑’Ë°÷Ëß°≈“ߢÕß°“√«—¥§à“¢Õߧ«“¡ ∫°æ√àÕß √âÕ¬≈–‡À≈à“π’È ®–µâÕßπ”¡“ª√—∫∞“π „π°“√„™â„π·µà≈–À—«¢âÕ ‚¥¬„™â¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß ª√–™“°√‡ªìπ‡°≥±å „ÀâÕÕ°¡“‡ªìπ percentiles °“√π”°“√«—¥§à“π’È¡“„™â„À⇪ìπ·π«‡¥’¬«°—π ®–µâÕß∑”°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬ ‡æ◊ËÕæ—≤π“À“°√–∫«π°“√¢Õß°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈ µ—«°”Àπ¥§à“∑’Ë Õß „™â„π°“√∫Õ°∂÷ß≈—°…≥–¢Õß°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕß à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ 0‰¡à¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕß‚§√ß √â“ß 1‰¡à¡’∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 2‰¡à¡’∫“ß à«π 3¡’ à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ 4º¥ ‘ «πà 5 ¢“¥§«“¡µàÕ‡π◊ËÕß 6¡’°“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫π 7 ‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈߇™‘ߪ√‘¡“≥¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß √«¡∑—Èß¡’°“√ – ¡µ—«¢ÕߢÕ߇À≈« 8‰¡à√–∫ÿ 9‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß

105 Body Structures ICF

Third qualifier (suggested)

To be developed to indicate localization

0 more than one region 1 right 2 left 3 both sides 4 front 5 back 6 proximal 7 distal 8 not specified 9 not applicable

For a further explanation of coding conventions in ICF, refer to Annex 2.

106 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ µ—«°”Àπ¥§à“ ∑’Ë “¡ (·π–π”„Àâ„™â) ®–µâÕßæ—≤π“‡æ◊ËÕ°“√™’È∫Õ°®ÿ¥∑’ˇªìπ 0 ¡“°°«à“Àπ÷Ëß·Ààß 1 ¥â“π¢«“ 2 ¥â“π´â“¬ 3 ∑—Èß Õߥâ“π 4 ¥â“πÀπâ“ 5 ¥â“πÀ≈—ß 6 ∑’Ë®ÿ¥‡¥‘¡ 7 Àà“ß®“°®ÿ¥‡¥‘¡ 8 ‰¡à√–∫ÿ 9 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ¢ÕßÀ≈—°°“√„ à√–À— „À⥟„π ¿“§ºπ«° ∑’Ë 2

106 Body Structures ICF Chapter 1 Structures of the nervous system

s110 Structure of brain

s1100 Structure of cortical lobes

s11000 Frontal lobe

s11001 Temporal lobe

s11002 Parietal lobe

s11003 Occipital lobe

s11008 Structure of cortical lobes, other specified

s11009 Structure of cortical lobes, unspecified

s1101 Structure of midbrain

s1102 Structure of diencephalon

s1103 Basal ganglia and related structures

s1104 Structure of cerebellum

s1105 Structure of brain stem

s11050 Medulla oblongata

s11051 Pons

s11058 Structure of brain stem, other specified

s11059 Structure of brain stem, unspecified

s1106 Structure of cranial nerves

s1108 Structure of brain, other specified

s1109 Structure of brain, unspecified

s120 Spinal cord and related structures

s1200 Structure of spinal cord

s12000 Cervical spinal cord

s12001 Thoracic spinal cord

107 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 1 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ª√– “∑ s110 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ¡Õß s1100 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ¡Õß à«ππÕ° (cortical lobe) s11000 à«πÀπâ“ s11001 ¢¡—∫ s11002 à«π∑’ˇªìπ‚æ√ß s11003 ∑⓬∑Õ¬ s11008 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ¡Õß à«ππÕ°, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s11009 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ¡Õß à«ππÕ°, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s1101 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ¡Õß à«π°≈“ß s1102 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß diencephalon s1103 ∞“π¢Õߪ¡ª√– “∑·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß s1104 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ¡ÕßπâÕ¬ s1105 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°â“π ¡Õß s11050 à«π∑⓬¢Õß ¡Õß∑’˵‘¥°—∫‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß (medulla oblongata) s11051 Õ«—¬«–∫“ß à«π∑’˵àÕ ¡Õß„À≠à, ¡ÕßπâÕ¬ ·≈–∑⓬ ¡Õß pons s11058 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°â“π ¡Õß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s11059 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°â“π ¡Õß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s1106 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇ âπª√– “∑¢Õß°√–‚À≈°»’√…– s1108 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ¡Õß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s1109 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ¡Õß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s120 ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß s1200 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߉¢ —πÀ≈—ß s12000 ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß à«π§Õ s12001 ‰¢ —πÀ≈ß — à«πÕ°

107 Body Structures ICF

s12002 Lumbosacral spinal cord

s12003 Cauda equina

s12008 Structure of spinal cord, other specified

s12009 Structure of spinal cord, unspecified

s1201 Spinal nerves

s1208 Spinal cord and related structures, other specified

s1209 Spinal cord and related structures, unspecified

s130 Structure of meninges

s140 Structure of sympathetic nervous system

s150 Structure of parasympathetic nervous system

s198 Structure of the nervous system, other specified

s199 Structure of the nervous system, unspecified

108 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ s12002 ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß à«π‡Õ«·≈–°√–‡∫πÀ≈—ß s12003 à«πª≈“¬¢Õ߉¢ —πÀ≈—ß s12008 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߉¢ —πÀ≈—ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s12009 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߉¢ —πÀ≈—ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s1201 ‡ âπª√– “∑¢Õ߉¢ —πÀ≈—ß s1208 ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s1209 ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s130 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇¬◊ËÕÀÿâ¡ ¡Õß s140 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ª√– “∑´‘¡æ“‡∑µ‘° s150 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ª√– “∑æ“√“´‘¡æ“‡∑µ‘° s198 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ª√– “∑, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s199 ‚§√ß √â“ß™Õß√–∫∫ª√– “∑, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

108 Body Structures ICF Chapter 2 The eye, ear and related structures

s210 Structure of eye socket

s220 Structure of eyeball

s2200 Conjunctiva, sclera, choroid

s2201 Cornea

s2202 Iris

s2203 Retina

s2204 Lens of eyeball

s2205 Vitreous body

s2208 Structure of eyeball, other specified

s2209 Structure of eyeball, unspecified

s230 Structures around eye

s2300 Lachrymal gland and related structures

s2301 Eyelid

s2302 Eyebrow

s2303 External ocular muscles

s2308 Structures around eye, other specified

s2309 Structures around eye, unspecified

s240 Structure of external ear

s250 Structure of middle ear

s2500 Tympanic membrane

s2501 Eustachian canal

s2502 Ossicles

s2508 Structure of middle ear, other specified

109 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 2 µ“ ÀŸ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß s210 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇∫⓵“

s220 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈Ÿ°µ“ s2200 ‡¬◊ËÕµ“, ‡ª≈◊Õ°≈Ÿ°µ“, ‡¬◊ËÕ‚≈À‘µΩÕ¬¢Õßµ“´÷ËßÕ¬Ÿà√–À«à“ßµ“¢“«°—∫®Õµ“ s2201 °√–®°µ“ s2202 ¡à“𵓠s2203 ®Õµ“ s2204 ‡≈π 巰⫵“ s2205 «πµ“ÿâ s2208 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈Ÿ°µ“; ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Ê s2209 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈Ÿ°µ“; ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s230 ‚§√ß √â“ß√Õ∫Ê µ“ s2300 µàÕ¡πÈ”µ“ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß s2301 Àπßµ“— s2302 §«‘È s2303 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ à«ππÕ°¢Õßµ“ s2308 ‚§√ß √â“ß√Õ∫Ê µ“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s2309 ‚§√ß √â“ß√Õ∫Ê µ“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

s240 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀŸ à«ππÕ° s250 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀŸ à«π°≈“ß s2500 ‡¬◊ËÕ·°â«ÀŸ s2501 À≈Õ¥π”≈¡√–À«à“ßÀ≈—ß®¡Ÿ°°—∫ÀŸ à«π°≈“ß s2502 °√–¥Ÿ°„π™àÕßÀŸ à«π°≈“ß s2508 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀŸ à«π°≈“ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

109 Body Structures ICF

s2509 Structure of middle ear, unspecified

s260 Structure of inner ear

s2600 Cochlea

s2601 Vestibular labyrinth

s2602 Semicircular canals

s2603 Internal auditory meatus

s2608 Structure of inner ear, other specified

s2609 Structure of inner ear, unspecified

s298 Eye, ear and related structures, other specified

s299 Eye, ear and related structures, unspecified

110 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ s2509 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀŸ à«π°≈“ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s260 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀŸ à«π„π s2600 ÀŸ™—Èπ„π√ŸªÀÕ¬‚¢àß s2601 ÀâÕßÀŸ™—Èπ„π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°“√∑√ßµ—« s2602 ÀâÕßÀŸ™—Èπ„π (Semicircular canals) s2603 ∑“߇¢â“ÀŸ à«π„π s2608 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀŸ™—Èπ„π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ Ê s2609 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀŸ™—Èπ„π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s298 µ“ ÀŸ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

s299 µ“ ÀŸ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

110 Body Structures ICF Chapter 3 Structures involved in voice and speech

s310 Structure of nose

s3100 External nose

s3101 Nasal septum

s3102 Nasal fossae

s3108 Structure of nose, other specified

s3109 Structure of nose, unspecified

s320 Structure of mouth

s3200 Teeth

s3201 Gums

s3202 Structure of palate

s32020 Hard palate

s32021 Soft palate

s3203 Tongue

s3204 Structure of lips

s32040 Upper lip

s32041 Lower lip

s3208 Structure of mouth, other specified

s3209 Structure of mouth, unspecified

s330 Structure of pharynx

s3300 Nasal pharynx

s3301 Oral pharynx

s3308 Structure of pharynx, other specified

s3309 Structure of pharynx, unspecified

111 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 3 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡ ’¬ß·≈–°“√查

s310 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß®¡Ÿ° s3100 ®¡Ÿ° à«ππÕ° s3101 ºπ—ß°≈“ß®¡Ÿ° s3102 √àÕß®¡Ÿ° s3108 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß®¡Ÿ°, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s3109 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß®¡Ÿ°, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s320 ‚§√ß √“ߢÕߪ“°â s3200 øπí s3201 ‡ÀßÕ°◊ s3202 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß‡æ¥“πª“° s32020 ‡æ¥“π·¢Áß s32021 ‡æ¥“πÕàÕπ S3203 ≈π‘È s3204 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√‘¡Ω望° s32040 √‘¡Ω望°∫π s32041 √‘¡Ω望°≈à“ß s3208 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߪ“°, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s3209 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߪ“°, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s330 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߧÕÀÕ¬ s3300 §ÕÀÕ¬ à«π®¡Ÿ° s3301 §ÕÀÕ¬ à«πª“° s3308 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߧÕÀÕ¬, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s3309 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߧÕÀÕ¬, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

111 Body Structures ICF

s340 Structure of larynx

s3400 Vocal folds

s3408 Structure of larynx, other specified

s3409 Structure of larynx, unspecified

s398 Structures involved in voice and speech, other specified

s399 Structures involved in voice and speech, unspecified

112 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ s340 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°≈àÕ߇ ’¬ß s3400 ‡ âπ‡ ’¬ß s3408 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°≈àÕ߇ ’¬ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s3409 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°≈àÕ߇ ’¬ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s398 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°“√查, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s399 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°“√查, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

112 Body Structures ICF Chapter 4 Structures of the cardiovascular, immunological and respiratory systems

s410 Structure of cardiovascular system

s4100 Heart

s41000 Atria

s41001 Ventricles

s41008 Structure of heart, other specified

s41009 Structure of heart, unspecified

s4101 Arteries

s4102 Veins

s4103 Capillaries

s4108 Structure of cardiovascular system, other specified

s4109 Structure of cardiovascular system, unspecified

s420 Structure of immune system

s4200 Lymphatic vessels

s4201 Lymphatic nodes

s4202 Thymus

s4203 Spleen

s4204 Bone marrow

s4208 Structure of immune system, other specified

s4209 Structure of immune system, unspecified

s430 Structure of respiratory system

s4300 Trachea

113 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 4 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥√–∫∫ ¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π·≈–√–∫∫∑“߇¥‘πÀ“¬„®

s410 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫·≈–À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ s4100 À—«„® s41000 À—«„®ÀâÕß∫π s41001 À—«„®ÀâÕß≈à“ß s41008 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀ—«„®, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s41009 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀ—«„®, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s4101 À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·¥ß s4102 À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥” s4103 À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ΩÕ¬ s4108 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s4109 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥, ∑’Ë¡‘‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

s420 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π s4200 ∑àÕπÈ”‡À≈◊Õß s4201 ªÿÉ¡πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß s4202 µàÕ¡‰∑¡— s4203 ¡â“¡ s4204 ‰¢°√–¥Ÿ° s4208 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s4209 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

s430 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫°“√À“¬„® s4300 ∑Õ≈¡à

113 Body Structures ICF

s4301 Lungs

s43010 Bronchial tree

s43011 Alveoli

s43018 Structure of lungs, other specified

s43019 Structure of lungs, unspecified

s4302 Thoracic cage

s4303 Muscles of respiration

s43030 Intercostal muscles

s43031 Diaphragm

s43038 Muscles of respiration, other specified

s43039 Muscles of respiration, unspecified

s4308 Structure of respiratory system, other specified

s4309 Structure of respiratory system, unspecified

s498 Structures of the cardiovascular, immunological and respiratory systems, other specified

s499 Structures of the cardiovascular, immunological and respiratory systems, unspecified

114 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ s4301 ªÕ¥ s43010 °‘Ëß°â“πÀ≈Õ¥≈¡ s43011 ∂ÿß≈¡ s43018 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߪե, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s43019 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߪե, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s4302 ™àÕßÕ° s4303 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√À“¬„® s43030 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ√–À«à“ß´’Ë‚§√ß s43031 °√–∫ß≈¡— s43038 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√À“¬„®, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ Õ◊ËπÊ s43039 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√À“¬„®, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s4308 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫°“√À“¬„®, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s4309 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫°“√À“¬„®, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

s498 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π·≈–√–∫∫°“√À“¬„®, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s499 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫À—«„®·≈–À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π·≈–√–∫∫°“√À“¬„®, ∑‰¡’Ë à‰¥√–∫â √“¬≈–‡Õÿ ’¬¥

114 Body Structures ICF Chapter 5 Structures related to the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems

s510 Structure of salivary glands

s520 Structure of oesophagus

s530 Structure of stomach

s540 Structure of intestine

s5400 Small intestine

s5401 Large intestine

s5408 Structure of intestine, other specified

s5409 Structure of intestine, unspecified

s550 Structure of pancreas

s560 Structure of liver

s570 Structure of gall bladder and ducts

s580 Structure of endocrine glands

s5800 Pituitary gland

s5801 Thyroid gland

s5802 Parathyroid gland

s5803 Adrenal gland

s5808 Structure of endocrine glands, other specified

s5809 Structure of endocrine glands, unspecified

s598 Structures related to the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems, other specified

s599 Structures related to the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems, unspecified

115 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 5 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ s510 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµàÕ¡πÈ”≈“¬ s520 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÀ≈Õ¥Õ“À“√ s530 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ s540 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”‰ â s5400 ≈”‰ ‡≈â °Á s5401 ≈”‰ â„À≠à s5408 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”‰ â, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s5409 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”‰ â, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

s550 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµ—∫ÕàÕπ s560 ‚§√ß √“ߢÕߵ⠗∫ s570 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∂ÿßπÈ”¥’ ·≈–∑àÕ s580 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ s5800 µÕ¡„µà ¡Õßâ s5801 µàÕ¡‰∑√Õ¬¥å s5802 µàÕ¡æ“√“‰∑√Õ¬¥å s5803 µÕ¡À¡«°‰µà s5808 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ Õ◊ËπÊ s5809 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s598 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s599 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ ·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ, ∑‰¡’Ë à‰¥√–∫â √“¬≈–‡Õÿ ’¬¥

115 Body Structures ICF Chapter 6 Structures related to the genitourinary and reproductive systems

s610 Structure of urinary system

s6100 Kidneys

s6101 Ureters

s6102 Urinary bladder

s6103 Urethra

s6108 Structure of urinary system, other specified

s6109 Structure of urinary system, unspecified

s620 Structure of pelvic floor

s630 Structure of reproductive system

s6300 Ovaries

s6301 Structure of uterus

s63010 Body of uterus

s63011 Cervix

s63012 Fallopian tubes

s63018 Structure of uterus, other specified

s63019 Structure of uterus, unspecified

s6302 Breast and nipple

s6303 Structure of vagina and external genitalia

s63030 Clitoris

s63031 Labia majora

s63032 Labia minora

s63033 Vaginal canal

116 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 6 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫Õ«—¬«–‡æ»·≈– ∑“߇¥‘πªí “«– ·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå

s610 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ªí “«– s6100 ‰µ s6101 À≈Õ¥‰µ s6102 °√–‡æ“–ªí “«– s6103 À≈Õ¥ª “«–í s6108 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ªí “«–, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s6109 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ªí “«– ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s620 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∞“π‡™‘ß°√“π s630 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå s6300 √߉¢— à s6301 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß¡¥≈Ÿ° s63010 µ«¡¥≈— °Ÿ s63011 §Õ¡¥≈Ÿ° s63012 ∑àÕ√—߉¢à s63018 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß¡¥≈Ÿ°, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s63019 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß¡¥≈Ÿ°, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s6302 ‡µâ“π¡ ·≈–À—«π¡ s6303 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß™àÕߧ≈Õ¥Õ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå¿“¬πÕ° s63030 §≈‘µÕ√‘ s63031 ‡≈‡∫¬„À≠’ à s63032 ‡≈‡∫’¬‡≈Á° s63033 ™àÕߧ≈Õ¥

116 Body Structures ICF

s6304 Testes

s6305 Structure of the penis

s63050 Glans penis

s63051 Shaft of penis

s63058 Structure of penis, other specified

s63059 Structure of penis, unspecified

s6306 Prostate

s6308 Structures of reproductive system, other specified

s6309 Structures of reproductive system, unspecified

s698 Structures related to the genitourinary and reproductive systems, other specified

s699 Structures related to the genitourinary and reproductive systems, unspecified

117 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ s6304 Õ—≥±– s6305 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÕߧ™“µ s63050 à«πª≈“¬¢ÕßÕߧ™“µ s63051 ≈”µ—«¢ÕßÕߧ™“µ s63058 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÕߧ™“µ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s63059 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÕߧ™“µ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊Ëπ s6306 µàÕ¡≈Ÿ°À¡“° s6308 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s6309 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s698 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫Õ«—¬«–‡æ» ·≈–∑“߇¥‘πªí “«– ·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå, ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s699 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫Õ«—¬«–‡æ» ·≈–∑“߇¥‘πªí “«– ·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå, ∑‰¡’Ë ‰¥à â√–∫√“¬≈–‡Õÿ ’¬¥

117 Body Structures ICF Chapter 7 Structures related to movement

s710 Structure of head and neck region

s7100 Bones of cranium

s7101 Bones of face

s7102 Bones of neck region

s7103 Joints of head and neck region

s7104 Muscles of head and neck region

s7105 Ligaments and fasciae of head and neck region

s7108 Structure of head and neck region, other specified

s7109 Structure of head and neck region, unspecified

s720 Structure of shoulder region

s7200 Bones of shoulder region

s7201 Joints of shoulder region

s7202 Muscles of shoulder region

s7203 Ligaments and fasciae of shoulder region

s7208 Structure of shoulder region, other specified

s7209 Structure of shoulder region, unspecified

s730 Structure of upper extremity

s7300 Structure of upper arm

s73000 Bones of upper arm

s73001 Elbow joint

s73002 Muscles of upper arm

s73003 Ligaments and fasciae of upper arm

s73008 Structure of upper arm, other specified

118 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 7 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« s710 ‚§√ß √â“ß∫√‘‡«≥»’√…– ·≈–∫√‘‡«≥≈”§Õ s7100 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õß°√–‚À≈°»’√…– s7101 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õß„∫Àπâ“ s7102 °√–¥Ÿ°∫√‘‡«≥≈”§Õ s7103 ¢âÕµàÕ∫√‘‡«≥»’√…–·≈–≈”§Õ s7104 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∫√‘‡«≥»’√…–·≈–≈”§Õ s7105 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥¢Õß∫√‘‡«≥»’√…–·≈–≈”§Õ s7108 ‚§√ß √â“ß∫√‘‡«≥»’√…–·≈–≈”§Õ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s7109 ‚§√ß √â“ß∫√‘‡«≥»’√…–·≈–≈”§Õ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s720 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à s7200 °√–¥Ÿ°∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à s7201 ¢âÕµàÕ¢Õß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à s7202 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à s7203 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ ·≈–æ—ßæ◊¥¢Õß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à s7208 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s7209 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s730 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß·¢π s7300 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß·¢π à«π∫π s73000 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õß·¢π à«π∫π s73001 ¢Õµâ Õ¢Õ߻հà s73002 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß·¢π à«π∫π s73003 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥¢Õß·¢π à«π∫π s73008 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß·¢π à«π∫π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

118 Body Structures ICF

s73009 Structure of upper arm, unspecified

s7301 Structure of forearm

s73010 Bones of forearm

s73011 Wrist joint

s73012 Muscles of forearm

s73013 Ligaments and fasciae of forearm

s73018 Structure of forearm, other specified

s73019 Structure of forearm, unspecified

s7302 Structure of hand

s73020 Bones of hand

s73021 Joints of hand and fingers

s73022 Muscles of hand

s73023 Ligaments and fasciae of hand

s73028 Structure of hand, other specified

s73029 Structure of hand, unspecified

s7308 Structure of upper extremity, other specified

s7309 Structure of upper extremity, unspecified

s740 Structure of pelvic region

s7400 Bones of pelvic region

s7401 Joints of pelvic region

s7402 Muscles of pelvic region

s7403 Ligaments and fasciae of pelvic region

s7408 Structure of pelvic region, other specified

s7409 Structure of pelvic region, unspecified

s750 Structure of lower extremity

s7500 Structure of thigh

119 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ s73009 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß·¢π à«π∫π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s7301 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß·¢π à«πª≈“¬ s73010 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õß·¢π à«πª≈“¬ s73011 ¢âÕµàÕ¢ÕߢâÕ¡◊Õ s73012 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß·¢π à«πª≈“¬ s73013 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ßæ◊¥¢Õß·¢π à«πª≈“¬ s73018 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß·¢π à«πª≈“¬, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s73019 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß·¢π à«πª≈“¬, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s7302 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß¡Õ◊ s73020 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õß¡◊Õ s73021 ¢âÕµàÕ¢Õß¡◊Õ·≈–π‘È«¡◊Õ s73022 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß¡◊Õ s73023 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥¢Õß¡◊Õ s73028 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß¡◊Õ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s73029 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß¡◊Õ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s7308 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß·¢π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s7309 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß·¢π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s740 ‚§√ß √â“ß∫√‘‡«≥‡™‘ß°√“π s7400 °√–¥Ÿ°∫√‘‡«≥‡™‘ß°√“π s7401 ¢âÕµàÕ∫√‘‡«≥‡™‘ß°√“π s7402 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∫√‘‡«≥‡™‘ß°√“π s7403 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥∫√‘‡«≥‡™‘ß°√“π s7408 ‚§√ß √â“ß∫√‘‡«≥‡™‘ß°√“π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s7409 ‚§√ß √â“ß∫√‘‡«≥‡™‘ß°√“π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s750 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢ“ s7500 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµâπ¢“

119 Body Structures ICF

s75000 Bones of thigh

s75001 Hip joint

s75002 Muscles of thigh

s75003 Ligaments and fasciae of thigh

s75008 Structure of thigh, other specified

s75009 Structure of thigh, unspecified

s7501 Structure of lower leg

s75010 Bones of lower leg

s75011 Knee joint

s75012 Muscles of lower leg

s75013 Ligaments and fasciae of lower leg

s75018 Structure of lower leg, other specified

s75019 Structure of lower leg, unspecified

s7502 Structure of ankle and foot

s75020 Bones of ankle and foot

s75021 Ankle joint and joints of foot and toes

s75022 Muscles of ankle and foot

s75023 Ligaments and fasciae of ankle and foot

s75028 Structure of ankle and foot, other specified

s75029 Structure of ankle and foot, unspecified

s7508 Structure of lower extremity, other specified

s7509 Structure of lower extremity, unspecified

s760 Structure of trunk

s7600 Structure of vertebral column

s76000 Cervical vertebral column

s76001 Thoracic vertebral column

120 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ s75000 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õßµâπ¢“ s75001 ¢âÕµàÕ¢Õß –‚æ° s75002 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õßµâπ¢“ s75003 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ ·≈–æ—ßæ◊¥¢Õßµâπ¢“ s75008 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµâπ¢“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s75009 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµâπ¢“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s7501 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢ“ à«π≈à“ß s75010 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õߢ“ à«π≈à“ß s75011 ¢âÕµàÕ¢ÕßÀ—«‡¢à“ s75012 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õߢ“ à«π≈à“ß s75013 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ ·≈–æ—ßæ◊¥¢Õߢ“ à«π≈à“ß s75018 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢ“ à«π≈à“ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s75019 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢ“ à«π≈à“ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s7502 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢâÕ‡∑â“·≈–‡∑â“ s75020 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢâÕ‡∑â“ ·≈–‡∑â“ s75021 ¢âÕµàÕ¢ÕߢâÕ‡∑â“ ‡∑â“ ·≈–π‘È«‡∑â“ s75022 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢ÕߢâÕ‡∑â“ ·≈–‡∑â“ s75023 ‡ π‡Õâ Áπ ·≈–æ—ßæ◊¥¢ÕߢâÕ‡∑â“ ·≈–‡∑â“ s75028 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢâÕ‡∑â“ ·≈–‡∑â“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s75029 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢâÕ‡∑â“ ·≈–‡∑â“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s7508 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢ“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s7509 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢ“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s760 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”µ—« s7600 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”°√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß s76000 ≈”°√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß à«π§Õ s76001 ≈”°√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß à«πÕ°

120 Body Structures ICF

s76002 Lumbar vertebral column

s76003 Sacral vertebral column

s76004 Coccyx

s76008 Structure of vertebral column, other specified

s76009 Structure of vertebral column, specified

s7601 Muscles of trunk

s7602 Ligaments and fasciae of trunk

s7608 Structure of trunk, other specified

s7609 Structure of trunk, unspecified

s770 Additional musculoskeletal structures related to movement

s7700 Bones

s7701 Joints

s7702 Muscles

s7703 Extra-articular ligaments, fasciae, extramuscular aponeuroses, retinacula, septa, bursae, unspecified

s7708 Additional musculoskeletal structures related to movement, other specified

s7709 Additional musculoskeletal structures related to movement, unspecified

s798 Structures related to movement, other specified

s799 Structures related to movement, unspecified

121 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ s76002 ≈”°√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß à«π‡Õ« s76003 ≈”°√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß°√–‡∫π‡ÀπÁ∫ s76004 °√–¥Ÿ°°âπ°∫ s76008 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”°√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s76009 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”°√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s7601 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ≈”µ—« s7602 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥¢Õß≈”µ—« s7608 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”µ—«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s7609 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”µ—«, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

s770 ‚§√ß √â“߇æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–‚§√ß°√–¥Ÿ°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« s7700 °√–¥Ÿ° s7701 ¢âÕµàÕ s7702 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ s7703 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁππÕ°¢âÕµàÕ, æ—ߺ◊¥, æ—ߺ◊¥∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ (extranmuscuearaponeunoses), ·ºàπ¬÷¥Õ«—¬«–¿“¬„π (retinacula), ºπ—ß °—Èπ, ∂ÿß (beusae), ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s7708 ‚§√ß √â“߇æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–‚§√ß°√–¥Ÿ°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s7709 ‚§√ß √â“߇æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–‚§√ß°√–¥Ÿ°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s798 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s799 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

121 Body Structures ICF Chapter 8 Skin and related structures

s810 Structure of areas of skin

s8100 Skin of head and neck region

s8101 Skin of the shoulder region

s8102 Skin of upper extremity

s8103 Skin of pelvic region

s8104 Skin of lower extremity

s8105 Skin of trunk and back

s8108 Structure of areas of skin, other specified

s8109 Structure of areas of skin, unspecified

s820 Structure of skin glands

s8200 Sweat glands

s8201 Sebaceous glands

s8208 Structure of skin glands, other specified

s8209 Structure of skin glands, unspecified

s830 Structure of nails

s8300 Finger nails

s8301 Toe nails

s8308 Structure of nails, other specified

s8309 Structure of nails, unspecified

s840 Structure of hair

s898 Skin and related structures, other specified

s899 Skin and related structures, unspecifed

122 ICF ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë 8 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫º‘«Àπ—ß s810 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∫√‘‡«≥µà“ßÊ ¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß s8100 º‘«Àπ—ß∫√‘‡«≥»’√…–·≈–≈”§Õ s8101 º‘«Àπ—ß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à s8102 º‘«Àπ—ߢÕß·¢π s8103 º‘«Àπ—ß∫√‘‡«≥‡™‘ß°√“π s8104 º‘«Àπ—ߢÕߢ“ s8105 º‘«Àπ—ߢÕß≈”µ—«·≈– à«πÀ≈—ß s8108 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߪ√‘¡“≥µà“ßÊ ¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s8109 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߪ√‘¡“≥µà“ßÊ ¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s820 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµàÕ¡„µâº‘«Àπ—ß s8200 µàÕ¡‡Àß◊ËÕ s8201 µàÕ¡‰¢¡—π s8208 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµàÕ¡„µâº‘«Àπ—ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s8209 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµàÕ¡„µâº‘«Àπ—ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

s830 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇≈Á∫ s8300 ‡≈Á∫¡◊Õ s8301 ‡≈Á∫‡∑â“ s8308 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇≈Á∫, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s8309 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇≈Á∫, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ s840 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߺ¡ s898 º‘«Àπ—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ s899 º‘«Àπ—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

122 Activities and Participation ICF ACTIVITIES AND PARTICIPATION

Definitions: Activity is the execution of a task or action by an individual. Participation is involvement in a life situation. Activity limitations are difficulties an individual may have in executing activities. Participation restrictions are problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations.

Qualifiers

The domains for the Activities and Participation component are given in a single list that covers the full range of life areas (from basic learning and watching to composite areas such as social tasks). This component can be used to denote activities (a) or participation (p) or both.

The two qualifiers for the Activities and Participation component are the performance qualifier and the capacity qualifier. The performance qualifier describes what an individual does in his or her current environment. Because the current environment brings in a societal context, performance as recorded by this qualifier can also be understood as "involvement in a life situation" or "the lived experience" of people in the actual context in which they live. This context includes the environmental factors – all aspects of the physical, social and attitudinal world, which can be coded using the Environmental Factors component.

The capacity qualifier describes an individual’s ability to execute a task or an action. This qualifier identifies the highest probable level of functioning that a person may reach in a given domain at a given moment. Capacity is measured in a uniform or standard environment, and thus reflects the environmentally adjusted ability of the individual. The Environmental Factors component can be used to describe the features of this uniform or standard environment.

123 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡

§”®”°—¥§«“¡ : °‘®°√√¡ À¡“¬∂÷ß°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ À√◊Õ°“√°√–∑”‚¥¬∫ÿ§§≈ °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ §◊Õ °“√‡¢â“‰ª¡’ à«π‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ °“√®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ §◊Õ §«“¡¬“°≈”∫“°„π°“√°√–∑”°‘®°√√¡¢Õß ∫§§≈ÿ ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ À¡“¬∂÷ߪí≠À“∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈‰¥â√—∫ ª√– ∫°“√≥å„π°“√¡’ à«π‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ µ—«°”Àπ¥§à“ Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ „πÀ≈“°À≈“¬·«¥«ß‰¥â∂Ÿ°°”À𥉫â„π∫—≠™’ ‡¥’¬«∑’˧√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∂÷ß·ßà¡ÿ¡µà“ßÊ ¢Õß™’«‘µÕ¬à“ß°«â“ßÊ (®“°°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π·≈–°“√‡ΩÑ“¡Õß„π ª√–‡¥Áπµà“ßÊ ‡™àπ °‘®°√√¡∑“ß —ߧ¡) Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¥—ß°≈à“«π’È “¡“√∂𔉪¢¬“¬º≈„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß °‘®°√√¡ (a) À√◊Õ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ (b) À√◊Õ∑—Èß ÕßÕ¬à“ß µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–¢ÕßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“ߥâ“π°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ‰¥â·°à µ—«∫àß ¡√√∂¿“æ ®–∫Õ°∂÷ß ‘Ëßµà“ßÊ ∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈∑”„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π ‡π◊ËÕß®“° ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π ∑”„À⇰‘¥ ¿“«–∑“ß —ߧ¡ ®÷߇ªìπ∑’ˇ¢â“„®°—π¥â«¬«à“ ¡√√∂¿“æ∑’Ë∫—π∑÷°‚¥¬µ—«∫àß§à“µ—«π’È §◊Õ ç‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µé À√◊Õ çª√– ∫°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µé ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈„π ¿“«–®√‘ß∑’ˇ¢“„™â™’«‘µÕ¬Ÿà ¿“«– ¥—ß°≈à“«π’È À¡“¬√«¡∂÷ß ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑ÿ°·ßà¡ÿ¡∑“ߥâ“𰓬¿“æ —ß§¡ ·≈– ∑—»π§µ‘∑—Ë«‚≈° ´÷Ëß “¡“√∂®–„™â√À— ¢Õß à«πª√–°Õ∫ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡‰¥â µ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ „π°“√ª√–°Õ∫°‘®°√√¡ À√◊Õ°“√ °√–∑”µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–¥—ß°≈à“«π’È ∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß√–¥—∫ Ÿß ÿ¥∑’ˇªìπ‰ª‰¥â ∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈®– “¡“√∂ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π ‰¥â „π‡«≈“·≈–¢Õ∫‡¢µ∑’Ë°”Àπ¥‰«â µ—«∫àßπ’È®–«—¥‚¥¬„™â ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡’√Ÿª·∫∫À√◊Õ¡“µ√∞“𠇥’¬«°—π ‡æ◊ËÕ –∑âÕπ„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√ª√—∫µ—«¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈µàÕ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ à«πª√–°Õ∫ ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â„π°“√Õ∏‘∫“¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡’√Ÿª·∫∫À√◊Õ¡“µ√∞“π‡¥’¬«°—π

123 Activities and Participation ICF

Both capacity and performance qualifiers can be used both with and without assistive devices or personal assistance, and in accordance with the following scale: xxx.0 NO difficulty (none, absent, negligible,… ) 0-4 % xxx.1 MILD difficulty (slight, low,…) 5-24 % xxx.2 MODERATE difficulty (medium, fair,...) 25-49 % xxx.3 SEVERE difficulty (high, extreme, …) 50-95 % xxx.4 COMPLETE difficulty (total,…) 96-100 % xxx.8 not specified xxx.9 not applicable

Broad ranges of percentages are provided for those cases in which calibrated assessment instruments or other standards are available to quantify the performance problem or capacity limitation. For example, when no performance problem or a complete performance problem is coded, this scaling has a margin of error of up to 5%. A moderate performance problem is defined as up to half of the scale of a total performance problem. The percentages are to be calibrated in different domains with reference to population standards as percentiles. For this quantification to be used in a uniform manner, assessment procedures need to be developed through research.

For a further explanation of coding convention in ICF, refer to Annex 2.

124 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—ÈߢÕߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ ·≈– ¡√√∂¿“æπ—Èπ “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â«—¥§à“‰¥â ∑—Èß„π°√≥’∑’Ë ¡’ À√◊Õ ‰¡à¡’ Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«° À√◊Õ°“√„™â∫ÿ§§≈™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‚¥¬¡’√–¥—∫ °“√«—¥ ¥—ßπ’È xxx.0 ‰¡à¡’§«“¡¬“°≈”∫“° (‰¡à¡’, ‰¡àÕ¬Ÿà, ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬¡“° ....) 0-4 % xxx.1 ¡’§«“¡¬“°≈”∫“° ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ (πâÕ¬, µË” ....) 5-24 % xxx.2 ¡’§«“¡¬“°≈”∫“° ª“π°≈“ß (°≈“ß, æÕ„™â ....) 25-49 % xxx.3 ¡’§«“¡¬“°≈”∫“° √ÿπ·√ß ( Ÿß, ∑’Ë ÿ¥ ....) 50-95 % xxx.4 ¡’§«“¡¬“°≈”∫“° ∑’Ë ÿ¥(∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ....) 96-100 % xxx.8 ∑‰¡’Ë ‰¥à â√–∫√“¬≈–‡Õÿ ¬¥’ xxx.9 ‰¡à “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â‰¥â ¡’°“√°”Àπ¥§à“„πÕ¬à“ß°«â“߇ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– ”À√—∫°√≥’∑’Ë¡’‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√«—¥§à“À√◊Õ¡“µ√∞“πÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë “¡“√∂°”Àπ¥§à“¢Õߪí≠À“¥â“π°“√ªØ∫‘ —µ‘ ·≈–¢âÕ®”°—¥∑“ߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ‡¡◊ËÕ ‰¡à¡’ªí≠À“„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘°—∫°“√∑’ˇªìπªí≠À“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ §à“§«“¡§≈“¥‡§≈◊ËÕπ®π∂÷ß 5 % à«π„π°√≥’¢Õß°“√¡’ªí≠À“¥â“π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘Õ¬Ÿà∑’Ë√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß°“√«—¥§à“®–µ°Õ¬Ÿà®π∂÷ߧ√÷ËßÀπ÷Ëß ¢Õß¡“µ√«—¥¢Õߪí≠À“¥â“π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ √âÕ¬≈–∑—ÈßÀ¡¥π’È®–µâÕßπ”¡“∑”°“√°”Àπ¥§à“„À¡à „π à«π∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π®–Õâ“ßՑߥ⫬¡“µ√∞“π¢Õߪ√–™“°√¡“∑”‡ªìπ percentiles À“°µâÕß°“√„™â«‘∏’ °“√π’È ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√«—¥º≈„π«‘∏’°“√‡¥’¬«°—π®–µâÕß∑”°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬ ‡æ◊ËÕæ—≤π“À“°√–∫«π°“√¢Õß°“√ ª√–‡¡πº≈‘ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫§”Õ∏‘∫“¬¢ÕßÀ≈—°°“√„ à√À— ¢Õß ICF „À⥟„π ¿“§ºπ«° ∑’Ë 2

124 Activities and Participation ICF Chapter 1 Learning and applying knowledge This chapter is about learning, applying the knowledge that is learned, thinking, solving problems, and making decisions. Purposeful sensory experiences (d110-d129)

d110 Watching Using the sense of seeing intentionally to experience visual stimuli, such as watching a sporting event or children playing.

d115 Listening Using the sense of hearing intentionally to experience auditory stimuli, such as listening to a radio, music or a lecture.

d120 Other purposeful sensing Using the body’s other basic senses intentionally to experience stimuli, such as touching and feeling textures, tasting sweets or smelling flowers.

d129 Purposeful sensory experiences, other specified and unspecified Basic learning (d130-d159)

d130 Copying Imitating or mimicking as a basic component of learning, such as copying a gesture, a sound or the letters of an alphabet.

d135 Rehearsing Repeating a sequence of events or symbols as a basic component of learning, such as counting by tens or practising the recitation of a poem.

d140 Learning to read Developing the competence to read written material (including Braille) with fluency and accuracy, such as recognizing characters and alphabets, sounding out words with correct pronunciation, and understanding words and phrases.

d145 Learning to write Developing the competence to produce symbols that represent sounds, words or phrases in order to convey meaning (including Braille writing), such as spelling effectively and using correct grammar.

125 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à ∫∑∑’Ë 1 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–°“√𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â „π∫∑π’È®–‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ, °“√„™â§«“¡√Ÿâ∑’ˉ¥â‡√’¬π¡“, °“√§‘¥, °“√·°â‰¢ªí≠À“·≈– °“√µ—¥ ‘π„® ª√– ∫°“√≥å¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ ∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬ (d110-d129) d110 °“√¥Ÿ „™â°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑“ߥâ“π°“√¡ÕßÕ¬à“ßµ—Èß„®µàÕ ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ∑“ß “¬µ“ ‡™àπ „π°“√¥Ÿ°“√·¢àߢ—π °’Ã“À√◊Õ¥Ÿ‡¥Á°°”≈—߇≈àπ d115 °“√øíß „™â°“√√—∫√Ÿâ„π∑“ߥâ“π°“√‰¥â¬‘πÕ¬à“ßµ—Èß„®µàÕ ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ∑“ß°“√‰¥â¬‘𠇙àπ „π°“√øíß«‘∑¬ÿ, ¥πµ√’À√◊Õ°“√∫√√¬“¬ d120 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥À¡“¬ Õ◊ËπÊ „™â°“√√—∫√Ÿâæ◊Èπ∞“π¥â“πÕ◊ËπÊ Õ¬à“ßµ—Èß„®µàÕ ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπÕ◊ËπÊ ‡™àπ °“√®—∫µâÕß·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° µàÕº‘« —¡º— , °“√≈‘È¡√ À«“π, À√◊Õ°“√¥¡°≈‘Ëπ¥Õ°‰¡â d129 ª√– ∫°“√≥å¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à ‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π (d130-d159 ) d130 °“√≈Õ°‡≈’¬π·∫∫ °“√‡≈’¬π·∫∫À√◊Õ°“√∑”µ“¡‡ªìπÕߧåª√–°Õ∫¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π¢Õß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ‡™àπ °“√≈Õ° ‡≈’¬π·∫∫∑à“∑“ß, °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßÀ√◊Õ°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß √–·≈–欗≠™π– d135 °“√´—°´âÕ¡ °“√∑∫∑«π°“√‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫‡Àµÿ°“√≥åÀ√◊Õ —≠≈—°…≥å Õ—π‡ªìπ à«πª√–°Õ∫‡∫◊ÈÕßµâπ¢Õß°“√ ‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ‡™àπ °“√π—∫‡≈¢∑’≈– ‘∫À√◊Õ°“√∑àÕß®”∫∑°≈Õπ d140 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√Õà“π °“√æ—≤𓧫“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√Õà“π ‘Ëßæ‘¡æå (√«¡∂÷ß µ—«Õ—°…√ Braille) ¥â«¬§«“¡§≈àÕß ·≈–·¡à𬔠‡™à𠧫“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√√Ÿâ®—° —≠≈—°…≥å·≈–µ—«Õ—°…√ °“√Õà“𧔠‚¥¬ÕÕ° ‡ ’¬ß∂Ÿ°µâÕß·≈–¡’§«“¡‡¢â“„®§”·≈–«≈’ d145 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√‡¢’¬π °“√æ—≤𓧫“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√ ‡¢’¬π —≠≈—°…≥å ∑’Ë„™â·∑π‡ ’¬ß, §” À√◊Õ«≈’ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ∂à“¬∑Õ¥ §«“¡À¡“¬Õ—°…√ (Braille) ¥—߇™àπ°“√ –°¥Õ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°µâÕß ·≈–∂Ÿ°À≈—° ‰«¬“°√≥å

125 Activities and Participation ICF

d150 Learning to calculate Developing the competence to manipulate numbers and perform simple and complex mathematical operations, such as using mathematical signs for addition and subtraction and applying the correct mathematical operation to a problem.

d155 Acquiring skills Developing basic and complex competencies in integrated sets of actions or tasks so as to initiate and follow through with the acquisition of a skill, such as manipulating tools or playing games like chess. Inclusions: acquiring basic and complex skills

d1550 Acquiring basic skills Learning elementary, purposeful actions, such as learning to manipulate eating utensils, a pencil or a simple tool.

d1551 Acquiring complex skills Learning integrated sets of actions so as to follow rules, and to sequence and coordinate one's movements, such as learning to play games like football or to use a building tool.

d1558 Acquiring skills, other specified

d1559 Acquiring skills, unspecified

d159 Basic learning, other specified and unspecified Applying knowledge (d160-d179)

d160 Focusing attention Intentionally focusing on specific stimuli, such as by filtering out distracting noises.

d163 Thinking Formulating and manipulating ideas, concepts, and images, whether goal-oriented or not, either alone or with others, such as creating fiction, proving a theorem, playing with ideas, brainstorming, meditating, pondering, speculating, or reflecting. Exclusions: solving problems (d175); making decisions (d177)

126 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d150 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√§”π«≥ °“√æ—≤𓧫“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√∑”ß“π°—∫µ—«‡≈¢·≈–°“√∑”°“√§”π«≥∑—Èß·∫∫¬“°·≈– ·∫∫ßà“¬ ‡™àπ °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬„π°“√§”π«≥„π°“√∫«°À√◊Õ≈∫·≈–𔉪„™â„π°“√ §”π«≥∑“ߧ≥‘µ»“ µ√åÕ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°µâÕß d155 °“√‰¥â√—∫∑—°…–®“°°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ °“√æ—≤𓧫“¡ “¡“√∂¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π·≈–´—∫´âÕπ¢Õß°‘®°√√¡À√◊Õ°“√°√–∑”∑’˺ ¡º “π À≈“¬Ê Õ¬à“ß ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√√‘‡√‘Ë¡·≈–µàÕ‡π◊ËÕß ‡™àπ °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ°“√ ‡≈àπ‡°¡ ‡™àπ À¡“°√ÿ° √«¡ : °“√‰¥â√—∫∑—°…–¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π·≈–∑—°…–∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ d1550 ∑°…–¢— —Èπæπ∞“π◊È °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ‡∫◊ÈÕßµâπ°“√°√–∑”∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬ ‡™àπ °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å„π °“√√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√ ‡™àπ ™âÕπ âÕ¡, ¥‘π ÕÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ·∫∫ßà“¬ d1551 ∑—°…–¢—Èπ´—∫´âÕπ °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ°“√°√–∑”∑’˺ ¡º “πÀ≈“¬Ê Õ¬à“ß∑’ˇªìπ‰ªµ“¡°Æ°µ‘°“·≈–≈”¥—∫ ·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ‡™àπ °“√‡≈àπøÿµ∫Õ≈À√◊Õ°“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ °Õ √à “ßâ d1558 ∑—°…–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d1559 ∑—°…–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d159 ∑—°…–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊ËπÊ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â (d160-d179) d160 ¡“∏‘ °“√µ—Èß„®®¥®àÕµàÕ ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπÀπ÷ËßÊ ‡™àπ°“√·¬°‡ ’¬ß√∫°«πÕ◊ËπÊ ÕÕ°‰ª‰¥â d163 °“√§‘¥ °“√√«∫√«¡·≈–®—¥°“√°—∫§«“¡§‘¥, ·π«§‘¥·≈–¿“扡à«à“®–¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ߧåÀ√◊Õ‰¡à, ‰¡à«à“®– ‡ªìπ§π‡¥’¬«À√◊Õ°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ, ‡™àπ °“√·µà߇√◊ËÕß, æ‘ Ÿ®πå∑ƒ…Æ’, »÷°…“·π«§«“¡§‘¥, ™à«¬°—𠧑¥, ∑” ¡“∏‘, °“√‰µ√àµ√Õß, °“√§“¥°“√≥åÀ√◊Õ°“√ –∑âÕ𧫓¡§‘¥ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√·°âªí≠À“ (d175); °“√µ—¥ ‘π„® (d177)

126 Activities and Participation ICF

d166 Reading Performing activities involved in the comprehension and interpretation of written language (e.g. books, instructions or newspapers in text or Braille), for the purpose of obtaining general knowledge or specific information. Exclusion: learning to read (d140)

d170 Writing Using or producing symbols or language to convey information, such as producing a written record of events or ideas or drafting a letter. Exclusion: learning to write (d145)

d172 Calculating Performing computations by applying mathematical principles to solve problems that are described in words and producing or displaying the results, such as computing the sum of three numbers or finding the result of dividing one number by another. Exclusion: learning to calculate (d150)

d175 Solving problems Finding solutions to questions or situations by identifying and analysing issues, developing options and solutions, evaluating potential effects of solutions, and executing a chosen solution, such as in resolving a dispute between two people. Inclusions: solving simple and complex problems Exclusions: thinking (d163); making decisions (d177)

d1750 Solving simple problems Finding solutions to a simple problem involving a single issue or question, by identifying and analysing the issue, developing solutions, evaluating the potential effects of the solutions and executing a chosen solution.

d1751 Solving complex problems Finding solutions to a complex problem involving multiple and interrelated issues, or several related problems, by identifying and analysing the issue, developing solutions, evaluating the potential effects of the solutions and executing a chosen solution.

d1758 Solving problems, other specified

d1759 Solving problems, unspecified

127 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d166 °“√Õà“π °“√∑”°‘®°√√¡∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡‡¢â“„®·≈–°“√µ’§«“¡¢Õß¿“…“‡¢’¬π (‡™àπ Àπ—ß ◊Õ, §” Õπ, Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå œ≈œ ∑’ˇªìπµ—«Õ—°…√À√◊ÕÕ—°…√ Braille) ‚¥¬¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ߧå„π°“√√—∫ √Ÿâ §«“¡√Ÿâ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√‡©æ“– ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ°“√Õà“π (d140) d170 °“√‡¢’¬π °“√„™âÀ√◊Õ°“√∑”„À⇰‘¥ —≠≈—°…≥å ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ ‡™àπ °“√∫—π∑÷°‡ªìπ≈“¬ ≈—°…≥åÕ—°…√¢Õ߇Àµÿ°“√≥åÀ√◊Õ°“√√à“ß®¥À¡“¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ°“√‡¢’¬π d172 °“√§”π«≥ °“√§‘¥‡≈¢‚¥¬„™âÀ≈—°∑“ߧ≥‘µ»“ µ√å„π°“√·°âªí≠À“∑’Ë∫√√¬“¬‰«â‡ªìπµ—«Õ—°…√·≈–∑”„Àâ ‡°‘¥À√◊Õ· ¥ßº≈≈—æ∏å ‡™àπ °“√§”π«≥º≈∫«°¢Õ߇≈¢ “¡®”π«πÀ√◊Õ°“√À“º≈≈—æ∏å¢Õß °“√À“√‡≈¢®”π«πÀπ÷Ëß‚¥¬Õ’°®”π«πÀπ÷Ëß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√§”π«≥ (d150) d175 °“√·°ªâ ≠À“í °“√À“∑“ß·°â‰¢ªí≠À“À√◊Õ ∂“π°“√≥å ‚¥¬°“√√–∫ÿ·≈–«‘‡§√“–Àå∂÷ߪí≠À“, ·≈–æ—≤π“À“ ∑“߇≈◊Õ°·≈–∑“ß·°âªí≠À“, ª√–‡¡‘πº≈∑’ËÕ“®®–‰¥â√—∫®“°«‘∏’°“√∑’Ë„™â·≈–°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ ·°âªí≠À“‚¥¬«‘∏’∑’ˉ¥â‡≈◊Õ°‰«â ‡™àπ „π°“√·°âªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°§«“¡¢—¥·¬âߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈ Õߧπ √«¡ : °“√·°âªí≠À“ßà“¬Ê ·≈–´—∫´âÕπ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√§‘¥ (b163); °“√µ—¥ ‘π„® (d177) d1750 °“√·°âªí≠À“ßà“¬Ê °“√À“∑“ß·°â‰¢ªí≠À“∑’Ëßà“¬ ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ À—«¢âÕ‡¥’¬« À√◊Õ §”∂“¡‡¥’¬« ‚¥¬ °“√√–∫ÿ ·≈–«‘‡§√“–Àåªí≠À“ °“√æ—≤π“À“∑“ß·°â‰¢, °“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈∑’ËÕ“®®–‰¥â ®“°«‘∏’°“√∑’Ë„™â ·≈–°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√·°âªí≠À“ ‚¥¬«‘∏’°“√∑’ˉ¥â‡≈◊Õ°‰«â d1751 °“√·°âªí≠À“¬ÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ °“√À“∑“ß·°â‰¢ªí≠À“∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫À≈“¬Ê ‡√◊ËÕß·≈–‡°’ˬ«æ—π´÷Ëß°—π ·≈–°—πÀ√◊Õªí≠À“À≈“¬Ê ªí≠À“∑’ˇ°’ˬ«æ—π°—π ‚¥¬°“√√–∫ÿ·≈–«‘‡§√“–Àåªí≠À“ ‚¥¬°“√æ—≤π“À“∑“ß·°â‰¢, °“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈∑’ËÕ“®®–‰¥â√—∫®“°«‘∏’·°âªí≠À“∑’Ëπ”¡“ „™â·≈–°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√·°âªí≠À“ ‚¥¬«‘∏’°“√∑’ˉ¥â‡≈◊Õ°‰«â d1758 °“√·°ªâ í≠À“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d1759 °“√·°âªí≠À“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

127 Activities and Participation ICF

d177 Making decisions Making a choice among options, implementing the choice, and evaluating the effects of the choice, such as selecting and purchasing a specific item, or deciding to undertake and undertaking one task from among several tasks that need to be done. Exclusions: thinking (d163); solving problems (d175)

d179 Applying knowledge, other specified and unspecified

d198 Learning and applying knowledge, other specified

d199 Learning and applying knowledge, unspecified

128 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d177 °“√µ—¥ ‘π„® °“√µ—¥ ‘π„®‡≈◊Õ°®“°À≈“¬∑“߇≈◊Õ°, °“√π”∑“߇≈◊Õ°π—Èπ‰ª„™â·≈–°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈¢Õß ‘Ëß ∑’ˉ¥â‡≈◊Õ°·≈â« ‡™àπ °“√‡≈◊Õ°·≈–°“√´◊ÈÕ ‘ËߢÕ߇©æ“–À√◊Õ°“√µ—¥ ‘π„®∑’Ë®–∑”·≈–‡≈◊Õ° ∑”ß“πÕ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß®“°ß“πÀ≈“¬Ê Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπµâÕß∑” ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√§‘¥ (d163); °“√·°âªí≠À“ (d175) d179 °“√𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d198 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d199 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

128 Activities and Participation ICF Chapter 2 General tasks and demands This chapter is about general aspects of carrying out single or multiple tasks, organizing routines and handling stress. These items can be used in conjunction with more specific tasks or actions to identify the underlying features of the execution of tasks under different circumstances.

d210 Undertaking a single task Carrying out simple or complex and coordinated actions related to the mental and physical components of a single task, such as initiating a task, organizing time, space and materials for a task, pacing task performance, and carrying out, completing, and sustaining a task. Inclusions: undertaking a simple or complex task; undertaking a single task independently or in a group Exclusions: acquiring skills (d155); solving problems (d175); making decisions (d177); undertaking multiple tasks (d220)

d2100 Undertaking a simple task Preparing, initiating and arranging the time and space required for a simple task; executing a simple task with a single major component, such as reading a book, writing a letter, or making one’s bed.

d2101 Undertaking a complex task Preparing, initiating and arranging the time and space for a single complex task; executing a complex task with more than one component, which may be carried out in sequence or simultaneously, such as arranging the furniture in one's home or completing an assignment for school.

d2102 Undertaking a single task independently Preparing, initiating and arranging the time and space for a simple or complex task; managing and executing a task on one’s own and without the assistance of others.

d2103 Undertaking a single task in a group Preparing, initiating and arranging the time and space for a single task, simple or complex; managing and executing a task with people who are involved in some or all steps of the task.

d2108 Undertaking single tasks, other specified

d2109 Undertaking single tasks, unspecified

129 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à ∫∑∑’Ë 2 ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ∫∑π’È®–‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫·ßà¡ÿ¡‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß°“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“ßÀπ÷ËßÀ√◊ÕÀ≈“¬Ê Õ¬à“ß, °“√∑”°‘®«—µ√·≈– °“√®—¥°“√°—∫§«“¡‡§√’¬¥ ‘Ë߇À≈à“π’È “¡“√∂π”¡“„™âª√–°Õ∫°—∫°“√∑”ß“π‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–¥Ÿ §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√∑”ß“πµà“ßÊ „π ¿“æ°“√≥å∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π d210 °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬« °“√∑”ß“πßà“¬Ê À√◊Õß“π∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ ·≈–°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ¿“æ„® ·≈– ¿“æ∑“ß°“¬‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬« ‡™àπ °“√√‘‡√‘Ë¡ß“π, °“√®—¥‡«≈“, ‡µ√’¬¡æ◊Èπ∑’Ë ·≈–«— ¥ÿ, °“√∑”ß“π∑’≈–¢—ÈπµÕπ °“√∑”ß“π„Àâ ”‡√Á®·≈–¬—Ë߬◊π √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“πßà“¬Ê À√◊Õ´—∫´âÕπ; °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«¥â«¬µπ‡ÕßÀ√◊Õ∑”ß“π‡ªìπ °≈ÿà¡ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∑—°…–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ; °“√·°âªí≠À“ (d175); °“√µ—¥ ‘π„® (d177); °“√∑”ß“π À≈“¬Õ¬à“ß (d220 ) d2100 °“√∑”ß“πßà“¬Ê °“√‡µ√’¬¡, °“√√‘‡√‘Ë¡·≈–°“√®—¥‡«≈“·≈–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë ”À√—∫ß“π∑’Ëßà“¬, °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ëßà“¬ π—ÈπÊ ∑’Ë¡’Õߧåª√–°Õ∫À≈—°‡æ’¬ßÕ¬à“߇¥’¬« ‡™àπ °“√Õà“πÀπ—ß ◊Õ, °“√‡¢’¬π ®¥À¡“¬, °“√®—¥∑’ËπÕπ d2101 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˬÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ °“√‡µ√’¬¡, °“√‡√‘Ë¡·≈–®—¥‡«≈“·≈–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë ”À√—∫ß“π∑’ˬÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ, °“√∑”ß“π ∑’ˬÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕππ—ÈπÊ ∑’Ë¡’Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¡“°°«à“Àπ÷ËßÕ¬à“ß ´÷ËßÕ“®®–¥”‡π‘π°“√ ‰¥â∑’≈–≈”¥—∫À√◊Õ∑”æ√âÕ¡Ê °—𠇙àπ °“√®—¥‡§√◊ËÕ߇√◊Õπ¿“¬„π∫â“πÀ√◊Õ°“√ ∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫¡Õ∫À¡“¬®“°‚√߇√’¬π„À⇠√Á® ¡∫Ÿ√≥å d2102 °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«¥â«¬µπ‡Õß °“√‡µ√’¬¡, °“√‡√‘Ë¡·≈–°“√®—¥‡«≈“·≈–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë ”À√—∫ß“π∑’Ëßà“¬À√◊Õ¬ÿà߬“° ´—∫´âÕπ; °“√®—¥°“√·≈–°“√∫√‘À“√ß“π¥â«¬µπ‡Õß‚¥¬‰¡à¡’ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ™à«¬ d2103 °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ °“√‡µ√’¬¡, °“√‡√‘Ë¡·≈–°“√®—¥‡«≈“·≈–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë ”À√—∫ß“π∑’Ëßà“¬À√◊Õ∑’ˬÿà߬“° ´—∫´âÕπ : °“√®—¥°“√·≈–°“√∫√‘À“√·≈–°“√∑”ß“ππ—ÈπÊ ‚¥¬¡’ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ‡°’Ë¬«¢âÕß „π∫“ß à«π¢Õßß“ππ—ÈπÀ√◊ՙ૬°“√∑”ß“ππ—ÈπÊ ‚¥¬µ≈Õ¥ d2108 °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d2109 °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

129 Activities and Participation ICF

d220 Undertaking multiple tasks Carrying out simple or complex and coordinated actions as components of multiple, integrated and complex tasks in sequence or simultaneously. Inclusions: undertaking multiple tasks; completing multiple tasks; undertaking multiple tasks independently and in a group Exclusions: acquiring skills (d155); solving problems (d175); making decisions (d177); undertaking a single task (d210)

d2200 Carrying out multiple tasks Preparing, initiating and arranging the time and space needed for several tasks, and managing and executing several tasks, together or sequentially.

d2201 Completing multiple tasks Completing several tasks, together or sequentially.

d2202 Undertaking multiple tasks independently Preparing, initiating and arranging the time and space for multiple tasks, and managing and executing several tasks together or sequentially, on one’s own and without the assistance of others.

d2203 Undertaking multiple tasks in a group Preparing, initiating and arranging the time and space for multiple tasks, and managing and executing several tasks together or sequentially with others who are involved in some or all steps of the multiple tasks.

d2208 Undertaking multiple tasks, other specified

d2209 Undertaking multiple tasks, unspecified

d230 Carrying out daily routine Carrying out simple or complex and coordinated actions in order to plan, manage and complete the requirements of day-to-day procedures or duties, such as budgeting time and making plans for separate activities throughout the day. Inclusions: managing and completing the daily routine; managing one's own activity level Exclusion: undertaking multiple tasks (d220)

130 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d220 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ëßà“¬À√◊Õ°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˬÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ·≈–º ¡º “π°“√°√–∑”„À⇪ìπÕß§å ª√–°Õ∫¢Õßß“πÀ≈“¬Ê Õ¬à“ß‚¥¬∑”∑’≈–Õ¬à“ßÀ√◊Õ∑”æ√âÕ¡Ê °—π √«¡ : °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß; °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß®π‡ √Á® ¡∫Ÿ√≥å; °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬ Õ¬à“ߥ⫬µπ‡Õß·≈–∑”‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√Ωñ°§«“¡™”π“≠ (d155); °“√·°âªí≠À“ (d175); °“√µ—¥ ‘π„® (d177); °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬« (d210) d2200 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß °“√‡µ√’¬¡, °“√‡√‘Ë¡ ·≈–°“√®—¥‡«≈“·≈–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë ”À√—∫ß“πÀ≈“¬Ê Õ¬à“ß °“√ ∫√‘À“√·≈–°“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Ê Õ¬à“߇À≈à“π—Èπ æ√âÕ¡Ê °—π À√◊Õ ‡√’¬ßµ“¡≈”¥—∫ d2201 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß„À⇠√Á® ¡∫Ÿ√≥å °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Ê Õ¬à“ß®π ”‡√Á® ‚¥¬∑”æ√âÕ¡Ê °—πÀ√◊Õ‡√’¬ßµ“¡≈”¥—∫ d2202 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ߥ⫬µ—«‡Õß °“√‡µ√’¬¡, °“√√‘‡√‘Ë¡·≈–°“√®—¥‡«≈“·≈–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë ”À√—∫ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß·≈–°“√ ®—¥°“√·≈–°“√∫√‘À“√æ√âÕ¡°—πÀ√◊Õ‡√’¬ßµ“¡≈”¥—∫¥â«¬µ—«‡Õß‚¥¬‰¡à¡’ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ™à«¬ d2203 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“߇ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ °“√‡µ√’¬¡, °“√√‘‡√‘Ë¡·≈–°“√®—¥‡«≈“·≈–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë ”À√—∫ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß·≈–°“√ ®—¥°“√·≈–°“√∫√‘À“√æ√âÕ¡°—πÀ√◊Õ‡√’¬ßµ“¡≈”¥—∫ ‚¥¬¡’ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ™à«¬‚¥¬µ≈Õ¥À√◊Õ ™à«¬„π∫“ߢ—ÈπµÕπÀ√◊Õ∑ÿ°¢—ÈπµÕπ¢Õßß“π‡À≈à“π—Èπ d2208 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d2209 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d230 °“√®—¥°“√°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—π °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ëßà“¬À√◊Õ¬ÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ·≈–°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√«“ß·ºπ, ∫√‘À“√ ·≈–∑”ß“π®π ”‡√Á®µ“¡§«“¡µâÕß°“√¢Õßß“πª√–®”«—𠇙àπ °“√®—¥°“√§à“„™â®à“¬ ·≈– °“√«“ß·ºπ ”À√—∫°‘®°√√¡µà“ßÊ ∑’Ë®–µâÕß∑”„π«—ππ—Èπ √«¡ : °“√®—¥°“√·≈–°“√∑”°‘®«—µ√ª√–®”«—π„À⇠√Á® ¡∫Ÿ√≥å°“√®—¥°“√°‘®°√√¡µ“¡√–¥—∫ ¢Õßµπ‡Õß ‰¡à√«¡; °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß (d220)

130 Activities and Participation ICF

d2301 Managing daily routine Carrying out simple or complex and coordinated actions in order to plan and manage the requirements of day-to-day procedures or duties.

d2302 Completing the daily routine Carrying out simple or complex and coordinated actions in order to complete the requirements of day-to-day procedures or duties.

d2303 Managing one's own activity level Carrying out actions and behaviours to arrange the requirements in energy and time day-to-day procedures or duties.

d2308 Carrying out daily routine, other specified

d2309 Carrying out daily routine, unspecified

d240 Handling stress and other psychological demands Carrying out simple or complex and coordinated actions to manage and control the psychological demands required to carry out tasks demanding significant responsibilities and involving stress, distraction, or crises, such as driving a vehicle during heavy traffic or taking care of many children. Inclusions: handling responsibilities; handling stress and crisis

d2400 Handling responsibilities Carrying out simple or complex and coordinated actions to manage the duties of task performance and to assess the requirements of these duties.

d2401 Handling stress Carrying out simple or complex and coordinated actions to cope with pressure, emergencies or stress associated with task performance.

d2402 Handling crisis Carrying out simple or complex and coordinated actions to cope with decisive turning points in a situation or times of acute danger or difficulty.

d2408 Handling stress and other psychological demands, other specified

131 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d2301 °“√®—¥°“√°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—π °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“ßßà“¬À√◊Õ¬ÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ ·≈–°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ «“ß·ºπ ·≈–®—¥°√–∫«π°“√À√◊ÕÀπâ“∑’Ë∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ ”À√—∫«—ππ—ÈπÊ d2302 °“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—π„À⇠√Á® ¡∫Ÿ√≥å °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“ßßà“¬À√◊Õ¬ÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ·≈–ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π‡æ◊ËÕ°“√«“ß·ºπ ·≈–®—¥°√–∫«π°“√À√◊ÕÀπâ“∑’Ë∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ ”À√—∫«—ππ—ÈπÊ d2303 °“√®—¥°“√√–¥—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õßµπ‡Õß °“√°√–∑”·≈–惵‘°√√¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“ππ—ÈπÊ ∑’ˇªìπ°“√®—¥ √√æ≈—ßß“π∑’˵âÕß°“√ „π°“√∑’Ë®–°–√–¬–‡«≈“∑’Ë®–„™â ”À√—∫Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß«—ππ—ÈπÊ d2308 °“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d2309 °“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d240 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫§«“¡‡§√’¬¥·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√∑“ß®‘µ«‘∑¬“Õ◊ËπÊ °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ëßà“¬À√◊Õ¬ÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ·≈–ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π‡æ◊ËÕ°“√®—¥°“√ ·≈–§«∫§ÿ¡ §«“¡µâÕß°“√¥â“𮑵«‘∑¬“∑’Ë®”‡ªìπµàÕ°“√∑’Ë®–∑”ß“π∑’˵âÕß°“√§«“¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫∑’Ë ”§—≠·≈– ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡‡§√’¬¥, °“√¢“¥ ¡“∏‘·≈–¿“«–«‘°ƒµ‘ ‡™àπ °“√¢—∫√∂„π™à«ß‡«≈“∑’Ë°“√ ®√“®√§—∫§—ËßÀ√◊Õ°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡¥Á°À≈“¬Ê §π √«¡ : °“√®—¥°“√¥â“𧫓¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫; °“√®—¥°“√°—∫§«“¡‡§√’¬¥ ·≈–¿“«–«‘°ƒµ‘ d2400 °“√®—¥°“√¥â“𧫓¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ëßà“¬À√◊Õ¬ÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ·≈–ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π‡À≈à“π—Èπ ‡æ◊ËÕ®—¥°“√ ß“π∑’˵âÕß°√–∑”·≈–ª√–‡¡‘πº≈§«“¡µâÕß°“√¢ÕßÀπâ“∑’ˇÀ≈à“π—Èπ d2401 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫§«“¡‡§√’¬¥ °“√∑”ß“π™π‘¥∑’Ëßà“¬À√◊Õ¬ÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ·≈–ª√– “π°“√°√–∑”‡À≈à“π—Èπ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ √—∫°—∫ ¿“«–°¥¥—π, ¿“«–©ÿ°‡©‘πÀ√◊Õ§«“¡‡§√’¬¥∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√∑”ß“π d2402 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫¿“«–«‘°ƒµ °“√∑”ß“π™π‘¥∑’Ëßà“¬À√◊Õ¬ÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ·≈–ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π‡À≈à“π—Èπ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ √—∫°—∫°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß∑’Ë ”§—≠¡“°Ê „π¿“«–À√◊Õ™à«ß‡«≈“∑’˧—∫¢—πÀ√◊Õ¬ÿà߬“° ≈”∫“° d2408 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫§«“¡‡§√’¬¥·≈–ªí≠À“∑“ß®‘µ«‘∑¬“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ÕπÊ◊Ë

131 Activities and Participation ICF

d2409 Handling stress and other psychological demands, unspecified

d298 General tasks and demands, other specified

d299 General tasks and demands, unspecified

132 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d2409 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫§«“¡‡§√’¬¥·≈–ªí≠À“∑“ß®‘µ«‘∑¬“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d298 ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d299 ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

132 Activities and Participation ICF Chapter 3 Communication This chapter is about general and specific features of communicating by language, signs and symbols, including receiving and producing messages, carrying on conversations, and using communication devices and techniques. Communicating - receiving (d310-d329)

d310 Communicating with - receiving - spoken messages Comprehending literal and implied meanings of messages in spoken language, such as understanding that a statement asserts a fact or is an idiomatic expression.

d315 Communicating with - receiving - nonverbal messages Comprehending the literal and implied meanings of messages conveyed by gestures, symbols and drawings, such as realizing that a child is tired when she rubs her eyes or that a warning bell means that there is a fire. Inclusions: communicating with - receiving - body gestures, general signs and symbols, drawings and photographs

d3150 Communicating with - receiving - body gestures Comprehending the meaning conveyed by facial expressions, hand movements or signs, body postures, and other forms of body language.

d3151 Communicating with - receiving - general signs and symbols Comprehending the meaning represented by public signs and symbols, such as traffic signs, warning symbols, musical or scientific notations, and icons.

d3152 Communicating with - receiving - drawings and photographs Comprehending the meaning represented by drawings (e.g. line drawings, graphic designs, paintings, three-dimensional representations), graphs, charts and photographs, such as understanding that an upward line on a height chart indicates that a child is growing.

d3158 Communicating with - receiving - nonverbal messages, other specified

d3159 Communicating with - receiving - nonverbal messages, unspecified

133 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à ∫∑∑’Ë 3 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ „π∫∑π’È®–‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√Ÿª·∫∫∑—Ë«‰ª·≈–√Ÿª·∫∫‡©æ“–¢Õß°“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√‚¥¬¿“…“, ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ ·≈– —≠≈—°…≥å √«¡∂÷ß°“√√—∫·≈–°“√ √â“ߢâÕ§«“¡¢à“« “√, °“√ π∑π“·≈–°“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ ◊ËÕ “√ ·≈–‡∑§π‘§„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ (d310-d329) d310 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¢âÕ§«“¡¿“…“查 °“√‡¢â“„®·≈–√Ÿâ§«“¡À¡“¬∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ߢÕߢâÕ§«“¡∑’ˇªìπ¿“…“查 ‡™àπ °“√‡¢â“„®¢âÕ§«“¡„𠧫“¡À¡“¬∑’ˇªì𧫓¡®√‘ßÀ√◊Õ„π§«“¡À¡“¬∑’ˇªìπ ”π«π‚«À“√ d315 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¢âÕ§«“¡∑’Ë∑’ˉ¡à„™à¿“…“查 °“√‡¢â“„®·≈–√Ÿâ§«“¡À¡“¬∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ߢÕߢâÕ§«“¡∑’Ë àß¡“‡ªìπ∑à“∑“ß, —≠≈—°…≥å·≈–¿“æ«“¥ ‡™àπ °“√∑’Ë “¡“√∂∑√“∫‰¥â«à“‡¥Á°¡’Õ“°“√‡Àπ◊ËÕ¬≈â“ ‡¡◊ËÕ‡¥Á°ºŸâπ—Èπ„™â¡◊Õ¢¬’ȵ“À√◊Õ‡ ’¬ß√–¶—ß ∑’Ë¥—ߢ÷Èπ¡“‡ªìπ —≠≠“≥‡µ◊Õπ«à“¡’Õ—§§’¿—¬ √«¡ : °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫-°“√√—∫-∑à“∑“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬, ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬·≈– —≠≈—°…≥å∑—Ë«Ê ‰ª, ¿“æ«“¥·≈–¿“æ∂à“¬ d3150 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¥â«¬∑à“∑“ß §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√‡¢â“„®§«“¡À¡“¬∑’Ë∂à“¬∑Õ¥ÕÕ°¡“®“° ’Àπâ“, °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ¢Õß¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ —≠≠“≥¡◊Õ °“√«“ß∑à“∑“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬·≈–≈—°…≥–Õ◊ËπÊ ¢Õß¿“…“ °“¬ d3151 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬·≈– —≠≈—°…≥å∑—Ë«‰ª §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√‡¢â“„®§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬·≈– —≠≈—°…≥å “∏“√≥–∑’Ë · ¥ß‰«â„π√Ÿª·∫∫µà“ßÊ ‡™à𠇧√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬®√“®√, —≠≈—°…≥凵◊Õπ¿—¬, ‚πâµ¥πµ√’ À√◊Õ —≠≈—°…≥å∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈–√Ÿª¿“æ∑’Ë· ¥ß —≠≈—°…≥å d3152 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¿“懢’¬π·≈–¿“æ∂à“¬ §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√‡¢â“„®§«“¡À¡“¬ ¢Õß ‘Ëß∑’Ë· ¥ßÕÕ°¡“„π≈—°…≥–¢Õß °“√«“¥ (‡™àπ °“√«“¥‡ âπ, °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫√Ÿª∑√ß, °“√√–∫“¬ ’, ¿“æ “¡¡‘µ‘), °√“ø, ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘·≈–¿“æ∂à“¬ ‡™à𠧫“¡ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–‡¢â“„®‰¥â«à“‡ âπ∑’Ë™’È¢÷Èπ„π°√“ø ∑’Ë„™â«—¥§«“¡ Ÿß ‡ªìπ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘∑’Ë™’È„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ß°“√‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ¢Õ߇¥Á° d3158 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¢âÕ§«“¡∑’Ë¡‘„™à¿“…“查, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ÕπÊ◊Ë d3159 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¢âÕ§«“¡∑’Ë¡‘„™à¿“…“查, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

133 Activities and Participation ICF

d320 Communicating with - receiving - formal sign language messages Receiving and comprehending messages in formal sign language with literal and implied meaning.

d325 Communicating with - receiving - written messages Comprehending the literal and implied meanings of messages that are conveyed through written language (including Braille), such as following political events in the daily newspaper or understanding the intent of religious scripture.

d329 Communicating - receiving, other specified and unspecified Communicating - producing (d330-d349)

d330 Speaking Producing words, phrases and longer passages in spoken messages with literal and implied meaning, such as expressing a fact or telling a story in oral language.

d335 Producing nonverbal messages Using gestures, symbols and drawings to convey messages, such as shaking one's head to indicate disagreement or drawing a picture or diagram to convey a fact or complex idea. Inclusions: producing body gestures, signs, symbols, drawings and photographs

d3350 Producing body language Conveying meaning by movements of the body, such as facial gestures (e.g. smiling, frowning, wincing), arm and hand movements, and postures (e.g. such as embracing to indicate affection).

d3351 Producing signs and symbols Conveying meaning by using signs and symbols (e.g. icons, Bliss board, scientific symbols) and symbolic notation systems, such as using musical notation to convey a melody.

d3352 Producing drawings and photographs Conveying meaning by drawing, painting, sketching, and making diagrams, pictures or photographs, such as drawing a map to give someone directions to a location.

d3358 Producing nonverbal messages, other specified

d3359 Producing nonverbal messages, unspecified

134 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d320 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ °—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¢âÕ§«“¡¿“…“¡◊Õ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√ °“√√—∫·≈–°“√‡¢â“„®§«“¡À¡“¬¢ÕߢâÕ§«“¡¿“…“¡◊Õ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√ ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß¡—π ‡Õß·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ß d325 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ °—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¢âÕ§«“¡∑’ˇªìπ≈“¬≈—°…≥åÕ—°…√ §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√‡¢â“„®§«“¡À¡“¬„πµ—«·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ߢÕߢâÕ§«“¡∑’Ë∂à“¬∑Õ¥ ¡“‡ªìπ≈“¬≈—°…≥åÕ—°…√ (√«¡∑—ÈßÕ—°…√ Braille) ‡™àπ °“√µ‘¥µ“¡¢à“«°“√‡¡◊Õß„πÀπâ“ Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æåÀ√◊Õ‡¢â“„®§«“¡À¡“¬¢ÕßÀ≈—°§” Õπ¢Õß»“ π“ d329 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫-¥â“π°“√√—∫, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√ ◊ËÕ “√-¥â“π°“√ àß (d330-d349) d330 °“√查 °“√‡ª≈à߇ ’¬ßÕÕ°¡“‡ªìπ§”查, «≈’·≈–∂âÕ¬§”¬“«Ê ∑’Ë„À⧫“¡À¡“¬„πµ—«À√◊Õ¡’§«“¡ À¡“¬∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ß ‡™àπ °“√查∂÷ß ‘ËßÊ Àπ÷ËßÀ√◊Õ°“√‡≈à“‡√◊ËÕß‚¥¬„™â¿“…“查 d335 °“√ √â“ߢâÕ§«“¡∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ¿“…“§”查 °“√„™â∑à“∑“ß, —≠≈—°…≥å·≈–¿“æ«“¥ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥¢âÕ§«“¡ ‡™àπ °“√ —Ëπ»’√…–‡æ◊ËÕ ‡ªìπ°“√· ¥ß§«“¡‰¡à‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬À√◊Õ°“√«“¥¿“æÀ√◊Õ·ºπº—ß ‡æ◊ËÕÕ∏‘∫“¬§«“¡®√‘ßÀ√◊Õ§«“¡ §‘¥∑’ˬÿà߬“°´∫´— âÕπ √«¡∂÷ß : °“√∑”°‘√‘¬“∑à“∑“ß, ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬, —≠≈—°…≥å, ¿“æ«“¥·≈–¿“æ∂à“¬ d3350 °“√· ¥ß¿“…“∑“ß°“¬ °“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥§«“¡À¡“¬‚¥¬°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‡™àπ °“√· ¥ß ’Àπâ“ (‡™àπ °“√¬‘È¡, °“√∑”Àπâ“∫÷Èß °“√∑”Àπâ“· ¥ß§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß ·¢π ¢“ ·≈–°“√· ¥ß∑à“∑“ßµà“ßÊ (‡™àπ °“√ «¡°Õ¥‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß§«“¡√—°) d3351 °“√ √â“߇§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬·≈– —≠≈—°…≥å °“√ ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬‚¥¬°“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬·≈– —≠≈—°…≥å √Ÿª¿“æ∑’Ë· ¥ß —≠≈—°…≥å, bliss board, —≠≈—°…≥å∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈–‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬∫Õ°§à“µà“ßÊ ‡™àπ ‚πâµ ‡æ≈ß ∑’Ë„™â∫Õ°∑à«ß∑”πÕ߇æ≈ß d3352 °“√ √â“ß¿“æ«“¥·≈–¿“æ∂à“¬ °“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥§«“¡À¡“¬‚¥¬°“√„™â¿“æ«“¥, °“√√–∫“¬ ’, °“√√à“ß¿“æ·≈–°“√«“¥ ·ºπº—ß, √Ÿª À√◊Õ¿“æ∂à“¬ ‡™àπ °“√«“¥·ºπ∑’ˇæ◊ËÕ∫Õ°∑‘»∑“߉ª¬—ß®ÿ¥Ê Àπ÷Ëß d3358 °“√∑”¢âÕ§«“¡∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ¿“…“查∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d3359 °“√∑”¢âÕ§«“¡∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ¿“…“查

134 Activities and Participation ICF

d340 Producing messages in formal sign language Conveying, with formal sign language, literal and implied meaning.

d345 Writing messages Producing the literal and implied meanings of messages that are conveyed through written language, such as writing a letter to a friend.

d349 Communication - producing, other specified and unspecified Conversation and use of communication devices and techniques (d350-d369)

d350 Conversation Starting, sustaining and ending an interchange of thoughts and ideas, carried out by means of spoken, written, sign or other forms of language, with one or more people one knows or who are strangers, in formal or casual settings. Inclusions: starting, sustaining and ending a conversation; conversing with one or many people

d3500 Starting a conversation Beginning a dialogue or interchange, such as by introducing oneself, expressing customary greetings, and introducing a topic or asking questions.

d3501 Sustaining a conversation Continuing and shaping a dialogue or interchange by adding ideas, introducing a new topic or retrieving a topic that has been previously mentioned, as well as by taking turns in speaking or signing.

d3502 Ending a conversation Finishing a dialogue or interchange with customary termination statements or expressions and by bringing closure to the topic under discussion.

d3503 Conversing with one person Initiating, maintaining, shaping and terminating a dialogue or interchange with one person, such as in discussing the weather with a friend.

135 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d340 °“√ √â“ߢâÕ§«“¡∑’ˇªìπ¿“…“¡◊Õ·∫∫‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ °“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥¢âÕ§«“¡¥â«¬¿“…“¡◊ÕÕ¬à“߇ªìπ∑“ß°“√∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬„πµ—«·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬ ∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ßÕ◊ËπÊ d345 °“√‡¢’¬π¢âÕ§«“¡¢à“« “√ °“√ √â“ߢâÕ§«“¡¢à“« “√¥â«¬¿“…“‡¢’¬π∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬„πµ—«·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬∑’Ë·∑â®√‘߇™àπ °“√‡¢’¬π®¥À¡“¬∂÷߇æ◊ËÕπ d349 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√-¥â“π°“√ àß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√ π∑π“·≈–°“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ ·≈–‡∑§π‘§„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ (d350-d369) d350 °“√ π∑π“ °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ, °“√¥”‡π‘πµàÕ·≈–°“√®∫¢Õß°“√·≈°‡ª≈’Ë¬π§«“¡§‘¥·≈–§«“¡‡ÀÁπ ‚¥¬„™â«‘∏’ °“√查, °“√‡¢’¬π, ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬À√◊Õ√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ¢Õß¿“…“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë√Ÿâ®—°À√◊Õ‰¡à√Ÿâ®—° Àπ÷Ëß §πÀ√◊Õ¡“°°«à“„π∫√√¬“°“»∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√À√◊Õ‡ªìπ°—π‡Õß √«¡ : °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ, °“√¥”‡π‘πµàÕ·≈–°“√®∫°“√ π∑π“ : °“√ π∑π“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ëߧπ À√◊ÕÀ≈“¬§π d3500 °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ°“√ π∑π“ °“√‡√‘Ë¡∫∑ π∑π“À√◊Õ·≈°‡ª≈’Ë¬π ‡™àπ °“√·π–π”µπ‡Õß °“√∑—°∑“¬µ“¡ ª√–‡æ≥’·≈–°“√𔇠πÕÀ—«¢âÕÀ√◊Õ°“√∂“¡§”∂“¡ d3501 °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ π∑π“ °“√ π∑π“Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß·≈–°“√ª√—∫√Ÿª·∫∫À√◊Õ°“√·≈°‡ª≈’Ë¬π ‚¥¬°“√„À⧫“¡ §‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡À√◊Õ𔇠πÕÀ—«¢âÕ„À¡àÀ√◊Õ°“√查∂÷ßÀ—«¢âÕ‡¥‘¡∑’ˇ§¬°≈à“«∂÷ß·≈â« √«¡∑—Èß°“√º≈—¥°—π查À√◊Õ àß¿“…“¡◊Õ d3502 °“√®∫°“√ π∑π“ °“√¬ÿµ‘°“√ π∑π“À√◊Õ·≈°‡ª≈’Ë¬π§«“¡§‘¥¥â«¬§”查À√◊Õ°“√· ¥ßÕÕ°µ“¡ ∏√√¡‡π’¬¡ ‚¥¬°“√ªî¥À—«¢âÕ°“√ π∑π“π—Èπ d3503 °“√ π∑π“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ëß§π °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ, °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√µàÕ, °“√ª√—∫√Ÿª·∫∫·≈–°“√®∫°“√ π∑π“À√◊Õ·≈° ‡ª≈’Ë¬π§«“¡§‘¥°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ëß§π ‡™àπ °“√ π∑π“°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ§πÀπ÷Ë߇√◊ËÕߥ‘πøÑ“ Õ“°“»

135 Activities and Participation ICF

d3504 Conversing with many people Initiating, maintaining, shaping and terminating a dialogue or interchange with more than one individual, such as in starting and participating in a group interchange.

d3508 Conversation, other specified

d3509 Conversation, unspecified

d355 Discussion Starting, sustaining and ending an examination of a matter, with arguments for or against, or debate carried out by means of spoken, written, sign or other forms of language, with one or more people one knows or who are strangers, in formal or casual settings. Inclusion: discussion with one person or many people

d3550 Discussion with one person Initiating, maintaining, shaping or terminating an argument or debate with one person.

d3551 Discussion with many people Initiating, maintaining, shaping or terminating an argument or debate with more than one individual.

d3558 Discussion, other specified

d3559 Discussion, unspecified

d360 Using communication devices and techniques Using devices, techniques and other means for the purposes of communicating, such as calling a friend on the telephone. Inclusions: using telecommunication devices, using writing machines and communication techniques

d3600 Using telecommunication devices Using telephones and other machines, such as facsimile or telex machines, as a means of communication.

d3601 Using writing machines Using machines for writing, such as typewriters, computers and Braille writers, as a means of communication.

d3602 Using communication techniques Performing actions and tasks involved in techniques for communicating, such as reading lips.

136 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d3504 °“√ π∑π“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À≈“¬§π °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ, °“√¥”‡π‘πµàÕ, °“√ª√—∫√Ÿª·∫∫·≈–°“√®∫°“√ π∑π“À√◊Õ·≈° ‡ª≈’Ë¬π§«“¡§‘¥°—∫∫ÿ§§≈¡“°°«à“Àπ÷Ëß§π ‡™àπ °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡°“√ π∑π“·∫∫‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ d3508 °“√ π∑π“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d3509 °“√ π∑π“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d355 °“√‡ «π“ °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ, °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√µàÕ·≈–°“√®∫°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå‡√◊ËÕßÊ Àπ÷Ëß ‚¥¬¡’‡Àµÿº≈ π—∫ πÿπ À√◊Õ‚µâ·¬âßÀ√◊Õ°“√∂°‡∂’¬ß°—π„π√Ÿª·∫∫¢Õß°“√查, °“√‡¢’¬π, À√◊Õ°“√„™â¿“…“¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ„™â ¿“…“„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷ËߧπÀ√◊Õ¡“°°«à“„π∫√√¬“°“»∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√À√◊Õ‡ªìπ°—π‡Õß √«¡ : °“√∂°ªí≠À“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷ËߧπÀ√◊ÕÀ≈“¬§π d3550 °“√∂°ªí≠À“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ëß§π °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ, °“√¥”‡π‘πµàÕ, °“√ª√—∫√Ÿª·∫∫À√◊Õ°“√®∫ °“√∂°‡∂’¬ßÀ√◊Õ°“√ Õ¿‘ª√“¬°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ëߧπ d3551 °“√∂°ªí≠À“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À≈“¬§π °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ, °“√¥”‡π‘πµàÕ, °“√ª√—∫√Ÿª·∫∫À√◊Õ°“√®∫ °“√∂°‡∂’¬ßÀ√◊Õ°“√ Õ¿‘ª√“¬°—∫∫ÿ§§≈¡“°°«à“Àπ÷Ëߧπ d3558 °“√∂°ªí≠À“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d3559 °“√∂°ªí≠À“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d360 °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å ◊ËÕ “√ ·≈– ‡∑§π‘§°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å, ‡∑§π‘§·≈–«‘∏’°“√Õ¬à“ßÕ◊Ëπ ‡æ◊ËÕ®ÿ¥ª√– ߧå„π°“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√ ‡™àπ °“√ ‚∑√»—æ∑å∂÷߇æ◊ËÕπ √«¡ : °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å ◊ËÕ “√∑“߉°≈, °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√‡¢’¬π·≈–‡∑§π‘§„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ d3600 °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å ◊ËÕ “√∑“߉°≈ °“√„™â‚∑√»—æ∑åÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊ÕÕ◊ËπÊ ‡™à𠇧√◊ËÕß‚∑√ “√·ø°´åÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß àß‚∑√ “√, ‡ªìπµ—«°≈“ߢÕß°“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√ d3601 °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√‡¢’¬π °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√‡¢’¬π ‡™à𠇧√◊ËÕßæ‘¡æ奒¥, §Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å·≈–‡§√◊ËÕ߇¢’¬π Õ—°…√ Braille, ‡ªìπµ—«°≈“ߢÕß°“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√ d3602 °“√„™â‡∑§π‘§°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°·≈–°“√°√–∑”∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡∑§π‘§°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ ‡™àπ °“√Õà“π √‘¡Ω望°

136 Activities and Participation ICF

d3608 Using communication devices and techniques, other specified

d3609 Using communication devices and techniques, unspecified

d369 Conversation and use of communication devices and techniques, other specified and unspecified

d398 Communication, other specified

d399 Communication, unspecified

137 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d3608 °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å·≈–‡∑§π‘§°“√ ◊ËÕ “√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d3609 °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å·≈–‡∑§π‘§°“√ ◊ËÕ “√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d369 °“√ π∑π“·≈–°“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å·≈–‡∑§π‘§„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d398 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d399 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

137 Activities and Participation ICF Chapter 4 Mobility This chapter is about moving by changing body position or location or by transferring from one place to another, by carrying, moving or manipulating objects, by walking, running or climbing, and by using various forms of transportation. Changing and maintaining body position (d410- d429)

d410 Changing basic body position Getting into and out of a body position and moving from one location to another, such as getting up out of a chair to lie down on a bed, and getting into and out of positions of kneeling or squatting. Inclusion: changing body position from lying down, from squatting or kneeling, from sitting or standing, bending and shifting the body's centre of gravity Exclusion: transferring oneself (d420)

d4100 Lying down Getting into and out of a lying down position or changing body position from horizonal to any other position, such as standing up or sitting down. Inclusion: getting into a prostrate position

d4101 Squatting Getting into and out of the seated or crouched posture on one's haunches with knees closely drawn up or sitting on one's heels, such as may be necessary in toilets that are at floor level, or changing body position from squatting to any other position, such as standing up.

d4102 Kneeling Getting into and out of a position where the body is supported by the knees with legs bent, such as during prayers, or changing body position from kneeling to any other position, such as standing up.

138 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à ∫∑∑’Ë 4 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë „π∫∑π’È®–‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë ‚¥¬°“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂À√◊Õµ”·ÀπàߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ‚¥¬°“√ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ßÕ’°∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß, ‚¥¬°“√¬°, °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬, À√◊Õ°“√®—¥°“√°—∫«—µ∂ÿ, ‚¥¬°“√ ‡¥‘π, °“√«‘Ëß À√◊Õ°“√ªïπªÉ“¬ ·≈–°“√„™â√Ÿª·∫∫°“√¢π àßµà“ßÊ °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·≈–°“√§ßµ”·ÀπàߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ (d410-d429) d410 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂ ¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–°“√¬â“¬µ”·Àπàß®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ßÕ’°∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß ‡™àπ °“√≈ÿ° ¢÷Èπ®“°‡°â“Ւȇæ◊ËÕπÕπ≈ß∫π‡µ’¬ß ·≈–°“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂ ®“°°“√π—Ëߧÿ°‡¢à“¡“‡ªìπ°“√π—Ëß ¬ÕßÊ √«¡ : °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂®“°°“√πÕπ, ®“°°“√π—Ë߬ÕßÊ À√◊Õ§ÿ°‡¢à“, ®“°°“√π—ËßÀ√◊Õ¬◊π, ®“°°“√°â¡µ—«·≈–°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ®ÿ¥»Ÿπ¬å∂à«ß¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õß®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ßÕ’°∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß (d420) d4100 °“√πÕπ≈ß °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂‰ª¡“√–À«à“ß°“√πÕπ≈ß·≈–≈ÿ°¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂®“°°“√ πÕπ√“∫‰ª‡ªìπ∑à“Õ◊Ë𠇙àπ ≈ÿ°¢÷Èπ¬◊πÀ√◊Õ≈ÿ°π—Ëß √«¡ : °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂‰ª‡ªìπ∑à“ (prostrate) d4101 °“√π—Ë߬ÕßÊ °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂‰ª¡“√–À«à“ß∑à“π—Ëß À√◊Õ∑à“π—Ë߇¢à“™‘¥ À√◊Õπ—Ëß∫π âπ‡∑â“ À√◊Õ π—Ë߬ÕßÊ ‰ª‡ªìπ∑à“Õ◊Ë𠇙àπ °“√π—Ëß â«¡∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫æ◊Èπ‰ª‡ªìπ∑à“Õ◊Ë𠇙àπ ≈ÿ°¢÷Èπ ¬π‡ª◊ πµì πâ d4102 °“√πߧ—Ë °‡¢ÿ “à °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂‰ª¡“√–À«à“ß°“√π—Ëß„πµ”·Àπàß∑’Ë„™âÀ—«‡¢à“∑—Èß Õ߇ªìπµ—«æ¬ÿß √à“ß°“¬ ‚¥¬∑’Ë¢“æ—∫Õ¬Ÿà ‡™àπ „π°“√π—Ëß «¥¡πµåÀ√◊Õ°“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂®“°°“√ §ÿ°‡¢à“‰ª‡ªìπ∑à“Õ◊Ë𠇙àπ °“√≈ÿ°¢÷Èπ¬◊π

138 Activities and Participation ICF

d4103 Sitting Getting into and out of a seated position and changing body position from sitting down to any other position, such as standing up or lying down. Inclusions: getting into a sitting position with bent legs or cross- legged; getting into a sitting position with feet supported or unsupported

d4104 Standing Getting into and out of a standing position or changing body position from standing to any other position, such as lying down or sitting down.

d4105 Bending Tilting the back downwards or to the side, at the torso, such as in bowing or reaching down for an object.

d4106 Shifting the body's centre of gravity Adjusting or moving the weight of the body from one position to another while sitting, standing or lying, such as moving from one foot to another while standing. Exclusions: transferring oneself (d420); walking (d450)

d4108 Changing basic body position, other specified

d4109 Changing basic body position, unspecified

d415 Maintaining a body position Staying in the same body position as required, such as remaining seated or remaining standing for work or school. Inclusions: maintaining a lying, squatting, kneeling, sitting and standing position

d4150 Maintaining a lying position Staying in a lying position for some time as required, such as remaining in a prone position in a bed. Inclusions: staying in a prone (face down or prostrate), supine (face upwards) or side-lying position

d4151 Maintaining a squatting position Staying in a squatting position for some time as required, such as when sitting on the floor without a seat.

139 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d4103 °“√πß—Ë °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∑‰ª¡“ √–À«à“ß®“°∑à“π—Ë߉ª‡ªìπ∑à“Õ◊ËπÊ ‡™àπ ≈ÿ°¢÷Èπ¬◊πÀ√◊Õ≈ß πÕπ √«¡ : °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂‡ªìπ°“√π—ËßßÕ¢“À√◊Õ‰¢«â¢“; °“√≈ßπ—Ëß‚¥¬∑’ˇ∑â“·µ–æ◊Èπ À√◊Õ‰¡à·µ–æ◊Èπ d4104 °“√¬π◊ °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂‰ª¡“ √–À«à“ß®“°∑à“¬◊π‰ª‡ªìπ∑à“Õ◊Ë𠇙àπ πÕπ≈ßÀ√◊Õπ—Ëß≈ß d4105 °“√°â¡µ—« °“√°â¡µ—«≈ßÀ√◊Õ‡Õ’¬ß‰ª¥â“π¢â“߇™àπ °“√°â¡≈ßÀ√◊Õ‡Õ◊ÈÕ¡À¬‘∫ ‘ËߢÕß d4106 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ®ÿ¥»Ÿπ¬å∂à«ß¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√ª√—∫À√◊Õ∂à“¬πÈ”Àπ—°µ—«®“°®ÿ¥Àπ÷Ëß„π√à“ß°“¬ ‰ª¬—ßÕ’°®ÿ¥Àπ÷Ëß„π¢≥–∑’Ëπ—Ëß, ¬◊π À√◊ÕπÕ𠇙àπ „π°“√∂à“¬πÈ”Àπ—°µ—«¢≥–¬◊π ®“°¢“¢â“ßÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ßÕ’°¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õß ®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ßÕ’°∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß (d420) ·≈–°“√‡¥‘π (d450) d4108 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4109 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d415 °“√§ßÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂‡¥‘¡ §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√§ßÕ‘√‘¬“∫∑‡¥‘¡µ“¡§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ‡™àπ °“√§ß∑à“π—ËßÀ√◊Õ∑à“¬◊πÕ¬Ÿà°—∫∑’Ë ‡æ◊ËÕ∑”ß“πÀ√◊Õ‡√’¬πÀπ—ß ◊Õ √«¡ : °“√§ß∑à“πÕπ, ∑à“π—Ë߬ÕßÊ, ∑à“π—Ëߧÿ°‡¢à“, ∑à“π—Ëß·≈–°“√§ß∑à“¬◊π d4150 °“√§ß∑à“πÕπ °“√§ß∑à“πÕπ‰¥âπ“πµ“¡∑’˵âÕß°“√ ‡™àπ°“√πÕπ§«Ë”Õ¬Ÿà°—∫∑’Ë∫π‡µ’¬ß √«¡∂÷ß : °“√πÕπ§«Ë”Õ¬Ÿà°—∫∑’Ë, °“√πÕπÀß“¬·≈–°“√πÕπµ–·§ßÕ¬Ÿà°—∫∑’Ë d4151 °“√§ß∑à“π—Ë߬ÕßÊ °“√§ß∑à“π—Ë߬ÕßÊ ‰¥âπ“πµ“¡∑’˵âÕß°“√ ‡™àπ °“√π—Ëß∫πæ◊Èπ‚¥¬‰¡à¡’∑’Ë√Õßπ—Ëß

139 Activities and Participation ICF

d4152 Maintaining a kneeling position Staying in a kneeling position where the body is supported by the knees with legs bent for some time as required, such as during prayers in church.

d4153 Maintaining a sitting position Staying in a seated position, on a seat or the floor, for some time as required, such as when sitting at a desk or table. Inclusions: staying in a sitting position with straight legs or cross- legged, with feet supported or unsupported

d4154 Maintaining a standing position Staying in a standing position for some time as required, such as when standing in a queue. Inclusions: staying in a standing position on a slope, on slippery or hard surfaces

d4158 Maintaining a body position, other specified

d4159 Maintaining a body position, unspecified

d420 Transferring oneself Moving from one surface to another, such as sliding along a bench or moving from a bed to a chair, without changing body position. Inclusions: transferring oneself while sitting or lying Exclusion: changing basic body position (d410)

d4200 Transferring oneself while sitting Moving from a sitting position on one seat to another seat on the same or a different level, such as moving from a chair to a bed. Inclusions: moving from a chair to another seat, such as a toilet seat; moving from a wheelchair to a car seat Exclusion: changing basic body position (d410)

d4201 Transferring oneself while lying Moving from one lying position to another on the same or a different level, such as moving from one bed to another. Exclusion: changing basic body position (d410)

d4208 Transferring oneself, other specified

d4209 Transferring oneself, unspecified

140 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d4152 °“√§ß∑à“π—Ëߧÿ°‡¢à“ °“√§ß„π∑à“π—Ëߧÿ°‡¢à“‰¥âπ“πµ“¡∑’˵âÕß°“√ ‚¥¬ßÕ¢“·≈–„™âÀ—«‡¢à“√Õß√—∫πÈ”Àπ—° µ—« ‡™àπ °“√π—Ëß «¥¡πµå„π‚∫ ∂å d4153 °“√§ß∑à“π—Ëß °“√§ß„π∑à“π—Ë߉¥âπ“πµ“¡∑’˵âÕß°“√ ∫π∑’Ëπ—ËßÀ√◊Õ∫πæ◊È𠇙àπ °“√π—Ëß∑’Ë‚µä–∑”ß“π À√Õ‚µ◊ ä–∑—Ë«‰ª √«¡∂÷ß : °“√π—Ë߇À¬’¬¥¢“À√◊Õ‰¢«â¢“, π—Ëß‚¥¬∑’ˇ∑â“·µ–æ◊ÈπÀ√◊Õ‰¡à·µ–æ◊Èπ d4154 °“√§ß∑à“¬◊π °“√§ß∑à“¬◊π‰¥âπ“πµ“¡∑’˵âÕß°“√ ‡™àπ °“√¬◊π‡¢â“·∂«√Õ √«¡∂÷ß : °“√§ß∑à“¬◊π∫π∑“ß≈“¥™—π À√◊Õ∫πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë≈◊Ëπ À√◊Õ æ◊Èπ·¢Áß d4158 °“√§ßÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4159 °“√§ßÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d420 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õß °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπµ—«®“°®ÿ¥Àπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ßÕ’°®ÿ¥Àπ÷Ëß ‡™àπ °“√‡≈◊ËÕπµ—«‡Õ߉ª∫π¡â“π—Ëß, °“√≈ÿ°®“° ‡µ’¬ß‰ª∑’ˇ°â“Õ’È, ‚¥¬‰¡à‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂ √«¡ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õß ¢≥–°”≈—ßπ—ËßÀ√◊ÕπÕπ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π (d410) d4200 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õߢ≥–°”≈—ßπ—ËßÕ¬Ÿà °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπµ—«„π∑à“π—Ëß®“°∑’Ëπ—ËßÀπ÷Ëß ‰ª¬—ßÕ’°∑’Ëπ—ËßÀπ÷Ëß „π√–¥—∫‡¥’¬«°—π À√◊Õµà“ß √–¥—∫ ‡™àπ °“√¬â“¬®“° ‡°â“Õ’È ‰ªπ—Ëß∫π‡µ’¬ß √«¡ : °“√¬â“¬®“°‡°â“Ւȵ—«Àπ÷Ë߉ªπ—Ëß∫π∑’Ëπ—ËßÕ◊Ë𠇙àπ®“°‡°â“Õ’È ‰ªπ—Ëß‚∂ â«¡, ¬â“¬ ®“°√∂‡¢Á𠉪π—Ëß„π√∂¬πµå ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π (d410) d4201 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õߢ≥–°”≈—ßπÕπÕ¬Ÿà °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπµ—«®“°∑à“πÕπ∑à“Àπ÷Ë߉ª∑à“Õ◊Ëπ„π√–¥—∫‡¥’¬«°—π À√◊Õµà“ß√–¥—∫ ‡™àπ °“√¬â“¬®“°‡µ’¬ßÀπ÷Ëß ‰ª¬—ßÕ’°‡µ’¬ßÀπ÷Ëß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π (d410) d4208 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4209 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

140 Activities and Participation ICF

d429 Changing and maintaining body position, other specified and unspecified Carrying, moving and handling objects (d430-d449)

d430 Lifting and carrying objects Raising up an object or taking something from one place to another, such as when lifting a cup or carrying a child from one room to another. Inclusions: lifting, carrying in the hands or arms, or on shoulders, hip, back or head; putting down

d4300 Lifting Raising up an object in order to move it from a lower to a higher level, such as when lifting a glass from the table.

d4301 Carrying in the hands Taking or transporting an object from one place to another using the hands, such as when carrying a drinking glass or a suitcase.

d4302 Carrying in the arms Taking or transporting an object from one place to another using the arms and hands, such as when carrying a child.

d4303 Carrying on shoulders, hip and back Taking or transporting an object from one place to another using the shoulders, hip or back, or some combination of these, such as when carrying a large parcel.

d4304 Carrying on the head Taking or transporting an object from one place to another using the head, such when as carrying a container of water on the head.

d4305 Putting down objects Using hands, arms or other parts of the body to place an object down on a surface or place, such as when lowering a container of water to the ground.

d4308 Lifting and carrying, other specified

d4309 Lifting and carrying, unspecified

141 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d429 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ ·≈– °“√§ßÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂ ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß, °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬¢Õß·≈–°“√®—¥°“√°—∫¢Õß (d430-d449) d430 °“√¬°¢Õß ·≈– °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß °“√¬°¢Õߢ÷Èπ À√◊Õ °“√π”¢Õ߉ª®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߇æ◊ËÕ‰ª∑’Õ◊Ë𠇙àπ°“√¬°∂⫬¢÷Èπ À√◊Õ°“√Õÿâ¡ ‡¥Á°®“°ÀâÕßÀπ÷Ë߉ªÀâÕßÕ◊Ëπ √«¡ : °“√¬°, °“√∂◊Õ„π¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ·¢πÀ√◊Õ∫π‰À≈à, –‚æ°, À≈—ßÀ√◊Õ»’√…–; °“√«“ߢÕß≈ß d4300 °“√¬°¢Õß °“√¬°¢Õߢ÷Èπ ‡æ◊ËÕµâÕß°“√¬â“¬®“°√–¥—∫∑’ËÕ¬ŸàµË”°«à“‰ª√–¥—∫∑’Ë Ÿß°«à“ ‡™àπ ¬° ·°â«πÈ”®“°‚µä– d4301 °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß„π¡◊Õ °“√π”æ“À√◊Õ¢π¬â“¬¢Õß®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ß∑’ËÕ◊Ëπ ‚¥¬„™â¡◊Õ ‡™àπ °“√∂◊Õ·°â«πÈ”À√◊Õ °“√¬°°√–‡ªÜ“‡¥‘π∑“ß d4302 °“√„™â·¢π„π°“√∂◊Õ¢Õß °“√π”æ“À√◊Õ¢π¬â“¬¢Õß®“°®ÿ¥Àπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ßÕ’°®ÿ¥Àπ÷Ëß ‚¥¬„™â·¢π·≈–¡◊Õ ‡™àπ °“√Õÿ⡇¥Á° d4303 °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß∫πÀ—«‰À≈à, –‚æ°·≈–À≈—ß °“√π”æ“À√◊Õ¢π¬â“¬¢Õß®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ß∑’Õ◊Ëπ‚¥¬„™â‰À≈à, –‚æ°À√◊ÕÀ≈—ß à«π„¥ à«πÀπ÷ËßÀ√◊Õ∑—Èß “¡ à«πº ¡°—𠇙àπ °“√∂◊ÕÀàÕ¢Õß™‘Èπ„À≠à d4304 °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß∫π»’√…– °“√π”æ“À√◊Õ¢π¬â“¬¢Õß®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ß∑’ËÕ◊Ëπ ‚¥¬°“√«“ߢÕßπ—Èπ‰«â∫π»’√…– ‡™àπ °“√«“ß∂—ßπÈ”‰«â∫π»’√…– d4305 °“√«“ߢÕß≈ß °“√„™â¡◊Õ ·¢π À√◊Õ à«πÕ◊Ëπ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ „π°“√«“ߢÕß≈ß¡“∫πæ◊ÈπÀ√◊Õ∑’ËÕ◊ËπÊ ‡™àπ °“√«“ß∂—ßπÈ”≈ß∫πæ◊Èπ d4308 °“√¬°¢Õß·≈–°“√∂◊Õ¢Õß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4309 °“√¬°¢Õß·≈–°“√∂◊Õ¢Õß, ∑’‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

141 Activities and Participation ICF

d435 Moving objects with lower extremities Performing coordinated actions aimed at moving an object by using the legs and feet, such as kicking a ball or pushing pedals on a bicycle. Inclusions: pushing with lower extremities; kicking

d4350 Pushing with lower extremities Using the legs and feet to exert a force on an object to move it away, such as pushing a chair away with a foot.

d4351 Kicking Using the legs and feet to propel something away, such as kicking a ball.

d4358 Moving objects with lower extremities, other specified

d4359 Moving objects with lower extremities, unspecified

d440 Fine hand use Performing the coordinated actions of handling objects, picking up, manipulating and releasing them using one's hand, fingers and thumb, such as required to lift coins off a table or turn a dial or knob. Inclusions: picking up, grasping, manipulating and releasing Exclusion: lifting and carrying objects (d430)

d4400 Picking up Lifting or taking up a small object with hands and fingers, such as when picking up a pencil.

d4401 Grasping Using one or both hands to seize and hold something, such as when grasping a tool or a door knob.

d4402 Manipulating Using fingers and hands to exert control over, direct or guide something, such as when handling coins or other small objects.

d4403 Releasing Using fingers and hands to let go or set free something so that it falls or changes position, such as when dropping an item of clothing.

d4408 Fine hand use, other specified

d4409 Fine hand use, unspecified

142 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d435 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬¢Õß ‚¥¬„™â¢“ °“√°√–∑”°‘√‘¬“∑’˪√– “π°—π ‚¥¬¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ߧå‡æ◊ËÕ°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬«—µ∂ÿÀπ÷Ëß ‚¥¬„™â¢“·≈– ‡∑â“ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√‡µ–≈Ÿ°∫Õ≈À√◊Õ°“√„™â‡∑â“∂’∫®—°√¬“π √«¡ : °“√∂’∫¥â«¬√¬“ߧå à«π≈à“ß, °“√‡µ– d4350 °“√∂’∫‚¥¬„™â√¬“ߧå à«π≈à“ß °“√„™â¢“·≈–‡∑â“ÕÕ°·√ߥ—π«—µ∂ÿ‡æ◊ËÕ«—µ∂ÿ‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ËÕÕ°‰ª ‡™àπ °“√„™â‡∑â“∂’∫‡°â“Õ’È ÕÕ°‰ª d4351 °“√‡µ– °“√„™â¢“·≈–‡∑â“„π°“√∑’Ë®–∑”∫“ß ‘Ëß∫“ßÕ¬à“ßæÿàßÕÕ°‰ª ‡™àπ °“√‡µ–≈Ÿ°∫Õ≈ d4358 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬¢Õß‚¥¬„™â¢“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4359 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬¢Õß‚¥¬„™â¢“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d440 °“√„™â¡◊Õ∑”ß“πÕ¬à“ß≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√°√–∑”°‘√‘¬“∑’˪√– “π°—π„π°“√®—¥°“√°—∫«—µ∂ÿ ‡™àπ °“√À¬‘∫¢Õß °“√„™â·≈–ª≈àÕ¬ ¢Õß ‚¥¬„™â¡◊Õ, π‘È«¡◊Õ·≈–À—«·¡à¡◊Õ ‡™àπ °“√À¬‘∫‡À√’¬≠®“°‚µä–À√◊Õ°“√À¡ÿπ‚∑√»—æ∑å À√◊Õ°“√∫‘¥≈Ÿ°∫‘¥ √«¡ : °“√À¬‘∫¢÷Èπ¡“, °“√°”¡◊Õ, °“√„™â·≈–°“√ª≈àÕ¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√¬°¢Õß·≈–°“√¢π¢Õß (d430) d4400 °“√À¬‘∫¢Õߢ÷Èπ¡“ °“√À¬‘∫À√◊Õ¬°«—µ∂ÿ‡≈Á°Ê ¢÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬„™â¡◊Õ·≈–π‘È«¡◊Õ ‡™àπ °“√À¬‘∫¥‘π Õ¢÷Èπ¡“ d4401 °“√°”¡Õ◊ °“√„™â¡◊ÕÀπ÷Ëߢâ“ßÀ√◊Õ Õߢâ“ß®—∫À√◊Õ¬÷¥ ‘Ëß ‘ËßÀπ÷Ë߉«â ‡™àπ °”‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ®—∫ ≈Ÿ°∫‘¥ª√–µŸ d4402 °“√„™â¡◊Õ®—¥°“√°—∫¢Õß °“√„™âπ‘È«¡◊Õ·≈–¡◊Õ„π°“√∫—ߧ—∫¢Õß ‡™àπ °“√®—∫‡À√’¬≠À√◊Õ«—µ∂ÿ¢π“¥‡≈Á°Õ◊ËπÊ d4403 °“√ª≈àÕ¬¢Õß °“√„™âπ‘È«¡◊Õ·≈–¡◊Õ„π°“√ª≈àÕ¬¢Õß„Àâµ°≈߉ªÀ√◊Õ‡ª≈’Ë¬πµ”·Àπàß ‡™àπ °“√ ª≈Õ¬‡ à Õº◊È “â d4408 °“√„™â¡◊Õ∑”ß“π≈–‡Õ’¬¥, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4409 °“√„™â¡◊Õ∑”ß“π≈–‡Õ’¬¥, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

142 Activities and Participation ICF

d445 Hand and arm use Performing the coordinated actions required to move objects or to manipulate them by using hands and arms, such as when turning door handles or throwing or catching an object. Inclusions: pulling or pushing objects; reaching; turning or twisting the hands or arms; throwing; catching Exclusion: fine hand use (d440)

d4450 Pulling Using fingers, hands and arms to bring an object towards oneself, or to move it from place to place, such as when pulling a door closed.

d4451 Pushing Using fingers, hands and arms to move something from oneself, or to move it from place to place, such as when pushing an animal away.

d4452 Reaching Using the hands and arms to extend outwards and touch and grasp something, such as when reaching across a table or desk for a book.

d4453 Turning or twisting the hands or arms Using fingers, hands and arms to rotate, turn or bend an object, such as is required to use tools or utensils.

d4454 Throwing Using fingers, hands and arms to lift something and propel it with some force through the air, such as when tossing a ball.

d4455 Catching Using fingers, hands and arms to grasp a moving object in order to bring it to a stop and hold it, such as when catching a ball.

d4458 Hand and arm use, other specified

d4459 Hand and arm use, unspecified

d449 Carrying, moving and handling objects, other specified and unspecified

143 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d445 °“√„™â¡Õ·≈–·¢π◊ °“√°√–∑”°‘√‘¬“∑’˪√– “π°—π‡æ◊ËÕ°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬À√◊Õ®—¥°“√°—∫«—µ∂ÿ ‚¥¬„™â¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π ‡™àπ „π¢≥–∫‘¥≈Ÿ°∫‘¥ª√–µŸÀ√◊Õ°“√¢«â“ßÀ√◊Õ°“√√—∫«—µ∂ÿ √«¡ : °“√¥÷ßÀ√◊Õ°“√º≈—°«—µ∂ÿ; °“√‡Õ◊ÈÕ¡, °“√À¡ÿπÀ√◊Õ∫‘¥¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ·¢π; °“√¢«â“ß; °“√√—∫ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√„™â¡◊Õ∑”ß“π≈–‡Õ’¬¥ (d440) d4450 °“√¥ß’ °“√„™âπ‘È«¡◊Õ, ¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π„π°“√π”«—µ∂ÿ‡¢â“¡“À“µ—«À√◊Õ‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª Õ’°∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß ‡™àπ °“√¥÷ߪ√–µŸªî¥ d4451 °“√º≈—° °“√„™âπ‘È«¡◊Õ, ¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬«—µ∂ÿÕÕ°‰ª®“°µ—« À√◊Õ°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ ¬â“¬®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ªÕ’°∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß ‡™àπ °“√º≈—° —µ«åÕÕ°‰ª®“°µ—« d4452 °“√‡Õ◊ÈÕ¡ °“√„™â¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π¬◊ËπÕÕ°‰ª —¡º— ·≈–°”«—µ∂ÿ ‡™àπ °“√‡Õ◊ÈÕ¡‰ªÀ¬‘∫Àπ—ß ◊Õ∫π ‚µä– d4453 °“√À¡ÿπÀ√◊Õ°“√∫‘¥¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ·¢π °“√„™âπ‘È«¡◊Õ, ¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π„π°“√·°«àß, À¡ÿπÀ√◊Õ∫‘¥«—µ∂ÿ ‡™àπ „π°“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ ‡§√◊ËÕß„™âµà“ßÊ d4454 °“√¢«â“ß °“√„™âπ‘È«¡◊Õ, ¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π„π°“√¬°«—µ∂ÿ·≈–∑”„Àâ ‘ËߢÕßπ—Èπ≈Õ¬‰ª„πÕ“°“» ‡™àπ °“√¢«â“ß≈Ÿ°∫Õ≈ d4455 °“√®∫— °“√„™âπ‘È«¡◊Õ, ¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π„π°“√°”«—µ∂ÿ∑’ˇ§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ«—µ∂ÿπ—ÈπÀ¬ÿ¥Õ¬Ÿà„π¡◊Õ ‡™àπ °“√√—∫≈Ÿ°∫Õ≈ d4458 °“√„™â¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4459 °“√„™â¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d449 °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬¢Õß·≈–°“√®—∫¢Õß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à ‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

143 Activities and Participation ICF Walking and moving (d450-d469)

d450 Walking Moving along a surface on foot, step by step, so that one foot is always on the ground, such as when strolling, sauntering, walking forwards, backwards, or sideways. Inclusions: walking short or long distances; walking on different surfaces; walking around obstacles Exclusions: transferring oneself (d420); moving around (d455)

d4500 Walking short distances Walking for less than a kilometre, such as walking around rooms or hallways, within a building or for short distances outside.

d4501 Walking long distances Walking for more than a kilometre, such as across a village or town, between villages or across open areas.

d4502 Walking on different surfaces Walking on sloping, uneven, or moving surfaces, such as on grass, gravel or ice and snow, or walking aboard a ship, train or other vehicle.

d4503 Walking around obstacles Walking in ways required to avoid moving and immobile objects, people, animals, and vehicles, such as walking around a marketplace or shop, around or through traffic or other crowded areas.

d4508 Walking, other specified

d4509 Walking, unspecified

d455 Moving around Moving the whole body from one place to another by means other than walking, such as climbing over a rock or running down a street, skipping, scampering, jumping, somersaulting or running around obstacles. Inclusions: crawling, climbing, running, jogging, jumping, and swimming Exclusions: transferring oneself (d420); walking (d450)

144 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à °“√‡¥‘π·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë (d450-d469) d450 °“√‡¥‘π °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπµ—«‰ª∫πæ◊Èπ ‚¥¬°“√¬à“߇∑â“∑’≈–°â“« „π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇ∑â“¢â“ßÀπ’Ëß®–Õ¬Ÿà∫πæ◊Èπ ‡ ¡Õ ‡™àπ °“√‡¥‘π‡≈à𠇥‘π‰ª¢â“ßÀπâ“, ‡¥‘π∂Õ¬À≈—ßÀ√◊Õ‡¥‘π¥â“π¢â“ß √«¡ : °“√‡¥‘π√–¬–„°≈âÀ√◊Õ√–¬–‰°≈; °“√‡¥‘π∫πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–·µ°µà“ß°—π; °“√‡¥‘π º“π à ß°‘Ë ¥¢«“ß’ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õß (d420); °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë (d455) d4500 °“√‡¥‘π√–¬–„°≈â °“√‡¥‘π√–¬–∑“ßπâÕ¬°«à“Àπ÷Ëß°‘‚≈‡¡µ√ ‡™àπ °“√‡¥‘π√Õ∫Ê ÀâÕß À√◊Õ∑“߇¥‘π„π Õ“§“√ À√◊Õ√–¬–„°≈âÊ πÕ°µ—«Õ“§“√ d4501 °“√‡¥‘π√–¬–‰°≈ °“√‡¥‘π√–¬–∑“ß¡“°°«à“Àπ÷Ëß°‘‚≈‡¡µ√ ‡™àπ °“√‡¥‘π„πÀ¡Ÿà∫â“πÀ√◊Õ‡¡◊Õß, °“√ ‡¥‘π√–À«à“ßÀ¡Ÿà∫â“πÀ√◊Õºà“πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë‚≈àß·®âß d4502 °“√‡¥‘π∫πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–·µ°µà“ß°—π °“√‡¥‘π∫πæ◊Èπ≈“¥‡Õ’¬ß, æ◊Èπµà“ß√–¥—∫À√◊Õæ◊Èπº‘«‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ‡™àπ ∑ÿàßÀ≠â“ °“√ ‡¥‘π∫πÀ≠â“, æ◊Èπ°√«¥ πÈ”·¢ÁßÀ√◊ÕÀ‘¡–À√◊Õ°“√‡¥‘π∫π‡√◊Õ, √∂‰ø·≈–æ“Àπ– ÕπÊ◊Ë d4503 °“√‡¥‘πºà“π ‘Ëß°’¥¢«“ß „π°“√‡¥‘𮔇ªìπµâÕßÀ≈’°‡≈’ˬ߫—µ∂ÿ∑’Ë°”≈—߇§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë·≈–«—µ∂ÿ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿàπ‘Ëß, ºâ§π,Ÿ —µ«å ·≈–¬“πæ“Àπ– ‡™àπ °“√‡¥‘π„πµ≈“¥À√◊Õ√â“π§â“, °“√‡¥‘πºà“π°“√®√“®√ À√◊Õ∑’Ë ∑’Ë¡’ºŸâ§πÀπ“·πàπ d4508 °“√‡¥‘π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4509 °“√‡¥‘π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d455 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬√à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ß∑’ËÕ◊Ëπ ‚¥¬„™â«‘∏’°“√Õ◊ËππÕ°®“°°“√‡¥‘π, ‡™àπ °“√ªïπ¢â“¡°âÕπÀ‘πÀ√◊Õ°“√«‘Ë߉ªµ“¡∂ππ, °“√°√–‚¥¥, °“√«‘ËßÕ¬à“߇√Á« °“√µ’≈—ß°“ ·≈– °“√«‘Ëߺà“π ‘Ëß°’¥¢«“ß √«¡ : °“√§≈“π, °“√ªïπ, °“√«‘Ë߇À¬“–Ê, °“√°√–‚¥¥·≈–°“√«à“¬πÈ” ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õß (d420); °“√‡¥‘π (d450)

144 Activities and Participation ICF

d4550 Crawling Moving the whole body in a prone position from one place to another on hands, or hands and arms, and knees.

d4551 Climbing Moving the whole body upwards or downwards, over surfaces or objects, such as climbing steps, rocks, ladders or stairs, curbs or other objects.

d4552 Running Moving with quick steps so that both feet may be simultaneously off the ground.

d4553 Jumping Moving up off the ground by bending and extending the legs, such as jumping on one foot, hopping, skipping and jumping or diving into water.

d4554 Swimming Propelling the whole body through water by means of limb and body movements without taking support from the ground underneath.

d4558 Moving around, other specified

d4559 Moving around, unspecified

d460 Moving around in different locations Walking and moving around in various places and situations, such as walking between rooms in a house, within a building, or down the street of a town. Inclusions: moving around within the home, crawling or climbing within the home; walking or moving within buildings other than the home, and outside the home and other buildings

d4600 Moving around within the home Walking and moving around in one's home, within a room, between rooms, and around the whole residence or living area. Inclusions: moving from floor to floor, on an attached balcony, courtyard, porch or garden

145 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d4550 °“√§≈“π °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬√à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢≥–∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π∑à“§«Ë” ®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ß∑’ËÕ◊Ëπ ‚¥¬„™â¡◊Õ À√◊Õ¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π·≈–‡¢à“ d4551 °“√ªïπ °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬√à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ≈ß∫πæ◊ÈπÀ√◊Õ«—µ∂ÿ ‡™àπ °“√ªïπ∫—π‰¥, °âÕπÀ‘πÀ√◊Õ ¢Õ∫À√◊Õ«—µ∂ÿÕ◊ËπÊ d4552 °“√«ß‘Ë °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉª‚¥¬°“√°â“«‡∑Ⓣª¥â«¬§«“¡‡√Á« ´÷Ë߇∑â“∑—Èß Õߢâ“ßÕ“®®–≈Õ¬Õ¬Ÿà ‡Àπ◊Õæ’Èπ„π‡«≈“‡¥’¬«°—π d4553 °“√°√–‚¥¥ °“√ßÕ¢“·≈–‡À¬’¬¥¢“¢÷ÈπÕ¬à“߇√Á«®π∑”„Àâ√à“ß°“¬≈Õ¬¢÷Èπ®“°æ◊È𠇙àπ °“√ °√–‚¥¥¢“‡¥’¬«, °“√‡µâπ°√–‚¥¥, °“√°√–‚¥¥¢â“¡‡∫“Ê, °“√°√–‚¥¥À√◊Õ¥”≈ß ‰ª„ππÈ” d4545 °“√«“¬πà È” °“√æ“√à“ß°“¬∑—Èßµ—«‰ª„ππÈ” ‚¥¬°“√„™â°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß·¢π ¢“·≈–≈”µ—« ‚¥¬∑’ˉ¡à¡’ à«π„¥¢Õß√à“ß°“¬µ‘¥æ◊Èπ„µâπÈ” d4548 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉª√Õ∫Ê, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4549 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉª√Õ∫Ê, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d460 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉª„π∑’˵à“ßÊ °“√‡¥‘π·≈–‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉªµ“¡∑’˵à“ßÊ À√◊Õ‰ªµ“¡ ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ßÊ, ‡™àπ °“√‡¥‘π‰ªµ“¡ ÀâÕßµà“ßÊ „π∫â“π, À√◊Õ „πµ—«Õ“§“√, À√◊Õ‡¥‘πµ“¡∂ππ„π‡¡◊Õß √«¡ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¿“¬„π∫â“π; °“√§≈“πÀ√◊Õ°“√ªïπ¿“¬„π∫â“π; °“√‡¥‘πÀ√◊Õ‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë„π µ—«Õ“§“√∑’ˉ¡à„™à∑’Ë∫â“π, ·≈–¿“¬πÕ°µ—«∫â“π·≈–Õ“§“√Õ◊ËπÊ d4600 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¿“¬„π∫â“π °“√‡¥‘π·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„πµπ‡Õß, ¿“¬„πÀâÕß, √–À«à“ßÀâÕßµà“ßÊ ·≈– √Õ∫Ê µ—«∫â“π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥À√◊Õ√Õ∫Ê ∫√‘‡«≥∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ √«¡ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë®“°™—ÈπÀπ÷Ë߉ªÕ’°™—ÈπÀπ÷Ëß, ∫π√–‡∫’¬ß, ≈“πÀπâ“∫â“π, ‡©≈’¬ß „π «π

145 Activities and Participation ICF

d4601 Moving around within buildings other than home Walking and moving around within buildings other than one's residence, such as moving around other people's homes, other private buildings, community and private or public buildings and enclosed areas. Inclusions: moving throughout all parts of buildings and enclosed areas, between floors, inside, outside and around buildings, both public and private

d4602 Moving around outside the home and other buildings Walking and moving around close to or far from one's home and other buildings, without the use of transportation, public or private, such as walking for short or long distances around a town or village. Inclusions: walking or moving down streets in the neighbourhood, town, village or city; moving between cities and further distances, without using transportation

d4608 Moving around in different locations, other specified

d4609 Moving around in different locations, unspecified

d465 Moving around using equipment Moving the whole body from place to place, on any surface or space, by using specific devices designed to facilitate moving or create other ways of moving around, such as with skates, skis, or scuba equipment, or moving down the street in a wheelchair or a walker. Exclusions: transferring oneself (d420); walking (d450); moving around (d455); using transportation (d470); driving (d475)

d469 Walking and moving, other specified and unspecified Moving around using transportation (d470-d489)

d470 Using transportation Using transportation to move around as a passenger, such as being driven in a car or on a bus, rickshaw, jitney, animal-powered vehicle, or private or public taxi, bus, train, tram, subway, boat or aircraft. Inclusions: using human-powered transportation; using private motorized or public transportation Exclusions: moving around using equipment (d465); driving (d475)

146 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d4601 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¿“¬„πµ—«Õ“§“√∑’ˉ¡à„™à∫â“π °“√‡¥‘π·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¿“¬„πµ—«Õ“§“√∑’ˉ¡à„™à∑’Ëæ—°¢Õßµπ ‡™àπ ∑’Ë∫â“π¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ, Õ“§“√ à«πµ—«Õ◊ËπÊ, Õ“§“√¢Õß√—∞ ·≈–‡Õ°™π À√◊Õ™ÿ¡™π·≈–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë¡’ °“√ªî¥°—Èπ √«¡ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉª∑—Ë«∑ÿ° à«π¢Õßµ—«Õ“§“√·≈–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë¡’°“√ªî¥°—Èπ, √–À«à“ß™—Èπ, ¿“¬„π, ¿“¬πÕ°·≈–√Õ∫Ê µ—«Õ“§“√ “∏“√≥–À√◊ÕÕ“§“√ à«πµ—« d4602 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¿“¬πÕ°∫â“π ·≈–µ—«Õ“§“√ Õ◊ËπÊ °“√‡¥‘π·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë„π√–¬–„°≈âÀ√◊Õ√–¬–‰°≈ ¿“¬πÕ°∫â“π¢Õßµπ‡ÕßÀ√◊Õ Õ“§“√Õ◊ËπÊ ‚¥¬‰¡à‰¥â„™â°“√¢π àß “∏“√≥–À√◊Õ à«πµ—« ‡™àπ °“√‡¥‘π„π√–¬–„°≈â À√◊Õ√–¬–‰°≈¿“¬„π‡¡◊ÕßÀ√◊ÕÀ¡Ÿà∫â“π √«¡ : °“√‡¥‘πÀ√◊Õ°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë ‰ªµ“¡∂ππ„π≈–·«°∫â“π,°≈“ß ‡¡◊Õß, À¡Ÿà∫â“π À√◊Õ‡¡◊ÕßÀ√◊Õ√–À«à“߇¡◊Õß·≈–√–¬–∑’ˉ°≈ÕÕ°‰ª ‚¥¬‰¡à‰¥â„™â°“√¢π àß d4608 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉªµ“¡∑’˵à“ßÊ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4609 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉªµ“¡∑’˵à“ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d465 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë‚¥¬„™âÕÿª°√≥å °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë √à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ßÕ’°∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß∫πæ◊Èπº‘«À√◊Õæ◊Èπ∑’Ë„¥Ê ‚¥¬„™â ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ ‚¥¬„™âÕÿª°√≥凩擖™à«¬„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ËÀ√◊Õ§‘¥√Ÿª·∫∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë·∫∫Õ◊ËπÊ ‡™àπ „™â√Õ߇∑Ⓡ °Áµ, °’À√◊Õ™ÿ¥¥”πÈ”À√◊Õ°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉªµ“¡∂ππ ‚¥¬„™â√∂‡¢ÁπÀ√◊Õ ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬‡¥‘π™π‘¥ ’Ë¢“ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õß (d420); °“√‡¥‘π (d450); °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉªµ“¡∑’˵à“ßÊ (d455); °“√„™â°“√¢π àß (d470); °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ– (d475) d469 °“√‡¥‘π·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë‚¥¬„™â°“√¢π àß (d470-d489) d470 °“√„™â°“√¢π àß °“√„™â°“√¢π àß ‡æ◊ËÕ‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë„π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇªìπºŸâ‚¥¬ “√ ‡™àπ °“√π—Ëß√∂ à«πµ—«À√◊Õ√∂ ª√–®”∑“ß, √∂‡¢ÁπÀ√◊Õ‡°«’¬π, √∂√—∫®â“ß “∏“√≥–À√◊Õ√∂√—∫®â“ß à«πµ—«, √∂‰ø, √∂√“ß, √∂„µâ¥‘π, ‡√◊ÕÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π √«¡ : °“√„™â°“√¢π àß∑’Ë„™â·√ß¡πÿ…¬å; °“√„™â°“√¢π àß à«πµ—«À√◊Õ “∏“√≥–∑’ˇªìπæ“Àπ– ∑’Ë„™â‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå¢—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉª„π∑’˵à“ßÊ ‚¥¬„™âÕÿª°√≥å (d465 ); °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ– (d475)

146 Activities and Participation ICF

d4700 Using human-powered vehicles Being transported as a passenger by a mode of transportation powered by one or more people, such as riding in a rickshaw or rowboat.

d4701 Using private motorized transportation Being transported as a passenger by private motorized vehicle over land, sea or air, such as by a taxi or privately owned aircraft or boat.

d4702 Using public motorized transportation Being transported as a passenger by a motorized vehicle over land, sea or air designed for public transportation, such as being a passenger on a bus, train, subway or aircraft.

d4708 Using transportation, other specified

d4709 Using transportation, unspecified

d475 Driving Being in control of and moving a vehicle or the animal that draws it, travelling under one’s own direction or having at one’s disposal any form of transportation, such as a car, bicycle, boat or animal-powered vehicle. Inclusions: driving human-powered transportation, motorized vehicles, animal-powered vehicles Exclusions: moving around using equipment (d465); using transportation (d470)

d4750 Driving human-powered transportation Driving a human-powered vehicle, such as a bicycle, tricycle, or rowboat.

d4751 Driving motorized vehicles Driving a vehicle with a motor, such as an automobile, motorcycle, motorboat or aircraft.

d4752 Driving animal-powered vehicles Driving a vehicle powered by an animal, such as a horse-drawn cart or carriage.

d4758 Driving, other specified

d4759 Driving, unspecified

147 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d4700 °“√„™â¬“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë ¢—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ¥â«¬·√ß¡πÿ…¬å °“√‡¥‘π∑“߇ªìπºŸâ‚¥¬ “√„π¬“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â·√ß¡πÿ…¬å 1 §πÀ√◊Õ¡“°°«à“ „π°“√ ¢—∫‡§≈◊ËÕ𠇙àπ °“√π—Ëß√∂≈“°À√◊Õ°“√π—Ë߇√◊Õ擬 d4701 °“√„™â°“√¢π àß à«πµ—« ·∫∫¡’‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå °“√‡¥‘π∑“߇ªìπºŸâ‚¥¬ “√„π¬“πæ“Àπ– à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ∑’Ë¡’‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå‡ªìπµ—«¢—∫ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰ª ∑“ß∫° ∑–‡≈À√◊ÕÕ“°“» ‡™àπ°“√‡¥‘π∑“ß‚¥¬√∂√—∫®â“ß, ‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π À√◊Õ‡√◊Õ à«πµ—« d4702 °“√„™â°“√¢π àß “∏“√≥–·∫∫∑’Ë¡’‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå¢—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ °“√‡¥‘π∑“߇ªìπºŸâ‚¥¬ “√„π¬“πæ“Àπ–∑’¢—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ¥â«¬‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå∑“ß∫° ∑–‡≈ À√◊ÕÕ“°“»∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫ ”À√—∫°“√¢π àß “∏“√≥– ‡™àπ °“√‡ªìπºŸâ‚¥¬ “√ ∫π√∂ª√–®”∑“ß, √∂‰ø, √∂„µâ¥‘πÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π d4708 °“√„™â°“√¢π àß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4709 °“√„™â°“√¢π àß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d475 °“√¢—∫¢’Ë °“√∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¢—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬“πæ“Àπ–À√◊Õ —µ«å∑’Ë≈“°‡∑’¬¡¬“πæ“Àπ–„À≪„π∑‘»∑“ß∑’Ë µâÕß°“√À√◊Õ°“√¡’‰«â´÷Ë߬“πæ“Àπ–·∫∫„¥·∫∫Àπ÷Ëß∑’Ëæ√âÕ¡„™â ‡™àπ √∂¬πµå, ®—°√¬“π, ‡√◊ÕÀ√◊Õæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â —µ«å≈“°®Ÿß √«¡ : °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â·√ß¡πÿ…¬å, ¬“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåÀ√◊Õ¬“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â ·√ß —µ«å ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉªµ“¡∑’˵à“ßÊ ‚¥¬„™âÕÿª°√≥å (d465); °“√„™â°“√¢π àß (d470) d4750 °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â·√ß¡πÿ…¬å °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â·√ß¡πÿ…¬å ‡™àπ ®—°√¬“π, “¡≈âÕÀ√◊Õ‡√◊Õ擬 d4751 °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â·√߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â°”≈—ß®“°‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå ‡™àπ √∂¬πµå, √∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå, ‡√◊Õ¬πµåÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π d4752 °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â·√ߢ—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ®“° —µ«å °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â°”≈—ß®“° —µ«å ‡™àπ ‡°«’¬πÀ√◊Õ√∂¡â“ d4758 °“√¢—∫¢’Ë, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d4759 °“√¢—∫¢’Ë, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

147 Activities and Participation ICF

d480 Riding animals for transportation travelling on the back of an animal, such as a horse, ox, camel or elephant Exclusions: driving (d475); recreation and leisure (d920)

d489 Moving around using transportation, other specified and unspecified

d498 Mobility, other specified

d499 Mobility, unspecified

148 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d480 °“√¢π àß‚¥¬„™â —µ«å °“√‡¥‘π∑“ß‚¥¬°“√°“√¢’ËÀ≈—ß —µ«å ‡™àπ °“√¢’Ë¡â“, ¢’ËÕŸ∞À√◊Õ¢’Ë™â“ß ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√¢—∫¢’Ë (d475); —π∑π“°“√·≈–°‘®°√√¡¬“¡«à“ß (d920) d489 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπµ—«‰ª„π∑’˵à“ßÊ ‚¥¬„™â°“√¢π àß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â √–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d498 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d499 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

148 Activities and Participation ICF Chapter 5 Self-care This chapter is about caring for oneself, washing and drying oneself, caring for one's body and body parts, dressing, eating and drinking, and looking after one’s health.

d510 Washing oneself Washing and drying one’s whole body, or body parts, using water and appropriate cleaning and drying materials or methods, such as bathing, showering, washing hands and feet, face and hair, and drying with a towel. Inclusions: washing body parts, the whole body; and drying oneself Exclusions: caring for body parts (d520); toileting (d530)

d5100 Washing body parts Applying water, soap and other substances to body parts, such as hands, face, feet, hair or nails, in order to clean them.

d5101 Washing whole body Applying water, soap and other substances to the whole body in order to clean oneself, such as taking a bath or shower.

d5102 Drying oneself Using a towel or other means for drying some part or parts of one's body, or the whole body, such as after washing.

d5108 Washing oneself, other specified

d5109 Washing oneself, unspecified

d520 Caring for body parts Looking afer those parts of the body, such as skin, face, teeth, scalp, nails and genitals, that require more than washing and drying. Inclusions: caring for skin, teeth, hair, finger and toe nails Exclusions: washing oneself (d510); toileting (d530)

d5200 Caring for skin Looking after the texture and hydration of one's skin, such as by removing calluses or corns and using moisturizing lotions or cosmetics.

149 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à ∫∑∑’Ë 5 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß „π∫∑π’È®–°≈à“«∂÷ß°“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥√à“ß°“¬·≈–‡™Á¥µ—«, °“√¥Ÿ·≈√à“ß°“¬·≈– à«π µà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, °“√·µàßµ—«, °“√√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√·≈–°“√¥◊Ë¡·≈–°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßµπ d510 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥√à“ß°“¬µπ‡Õß °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥·≈–‡™Á¥µ—«¢Õßµπ‡Õß∑—ÈßÀ¡¥À√◊Õ∫“ß à«π ‚¥¬„™âπÈ”·≈–«— ¥ÿÀ√◊Õ«‘∏’ °“√∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡„π°“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥, °“√‡™Á¥„Àâ·Àâß ‡™àπ °“√Õ“∫πÈ”„πÕà“ß, °“√Õ“∫πÈ” ¥â«¬Ωí°∫—« °“√≈â“ß¡◊Õ, ·≈–‡∑â“, ≈â“ßÀπâ“·≈– √–º¡ ·≈–°“√‡™Á¥„Àâ·Àâߥ⫬ºâ“‡™Á¥µ—« √«¡ : °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, √à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥·≈–°“√‡™Á¥µ—« ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ (d250); °“√„™âÀâÕßπÈ” (d530) d5100 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√„™âπÈ” ∫Ÿà·≈– “√Õ◊ËπÊ °—∫ à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‡™àπ ¡◊Õ, „∫Àπâ“, ‡∑â“, º¡À√◊Õ ‡≈Á∫ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥ d5101 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥√à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ °“√„™âπÈ” ∫Ÿà·≈– “√Õ◊ËπÊ °—∫√à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥ ‡™àπ °“√ Õ“∫πÈ”„πÕà“ßÀ√◊ÕÕ“∫πÈ”‚¥¬Ωí°∫—« d5102 °“√‡™Á¥µ—« °“√„™âºâ“‡™Á¥µ—«À√◊Õ«‘∏’°“√Õ◊Ëπ „π°“√‡™Á¥ à«πµà“ßÊ ∫“ß à«πÀ√◊Õ√à“ß°“¬∑—Èßµ—« Õ¬à“߇™àπ ¿“¬À≈—ß°“√™”√–≈â“ß√à“ß°“¬ d5108 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥√à“ß°“¬µπ‡Õß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d5109 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥√à“ß°“¬µπ‡Õß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d520 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‡™àπ º‘«Àπ—ß, „∫Àπâ“, øíπ, Àπ—ß»’√…–, ‡≈Á∫·≈–Õ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå ´÷ËßµâÕß°“√°“√¥Ÿ·≈¡“°°«à“°“√≈â“ß·≈–‡™Á¥µ“¡ª°µ‘ √«¡ : °“√¥Ÿ·≈º‘«Àπ—ß øíπ º¡ ‡≈Á∫¡◊Õ ·≈–‡≈Á∫‡∑â“ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥√à“ß°“¬µπ‡Õß (d510); °“√„™âÀâÕßπÈ” (D530) d5200 °“√¥Ÿ·≈º‘«Àπ—ß °“√¥Ÿ·≈§«“¡‡√’¬∫·≈–§«“¡·ÀâߢÕߺ‘«Àπ—ß ‡™àπ °“√°”®—¥Àπ—ß∑’Ë≈Õ°À√◊Õº◊Ëπ ·≈–°“√„™â§√’¡∑“º‘«·≈–‡§√◊ËÕß ”Õ“ß

149 Activities and Participation ICF

d5201 Caring for teeth Looking after dental hygiene, such as by brushing teeth, flossing, and taking care of a dental prosthesis or orthosis.

d5202 Caring for hair Looking after the hair on the head and face, such as by combing, styling, shaving, or trimming.

d5203 Caring for fingernails Cleaning, trimming or polishing the nails of the fingers.

d5204 Caring for toenails Cleaning, trimming or polishing the nails of the toes.

d5208 Caring for body parts, other specified

d5209 Caring for body parts, unspecified

d530 Toileting Planning and carrying out the elimination of human waste (menstruation, urination and defecation), and cleaning oneself afterwards. Inclusions: regulating urination, defecation and menstrual care Exclusions: washing oneself (d510); caring for body parts (d520)

d5300 Regulating urination Coordinating and managing urination, such as by indicating need, getting into the proper position, choosing and getting to an appropriate place for urination, manipulating clothing before and after urination, and cleaning oneself after urination.

d5301 Regulating defecation Coordinating and managing defecation such as by indicating need, getting into the proper position, choosing and getting to an appropriate place for defecation, manipulating clothing before and after defecation, and cleaning onself after defecation.

d5302 Menstrual care Coordinating, planning and caring for menstruation, such as by anticipating menstruation and using sanitary towels and napkins.

d5308 Toileting, other specified

150 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d5201 °“√¥·≈øŸ πí °“√¥Ÿ·≈Õπ“¡—¬¢Õßøí𠇙àπ ‚¥¬°“√·ª√ßøíπ, °“√„™â‰À¡¢—¥øíπ·≈–°“√¥Ÿ·≈øíπ ª≈Õ¡ d5202 °“√¥Ÿ·≈º¡ °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡ âπº¡∫π»’√…–·≈–¢π∫π„∫Àπâ“ ‡™àπ ‚¥¬°“√À«’º¡, °“√µ°·µàß∑√ß º¡, ‚°πÀ√◊Õµ—¥Àπ«¥ d5203 °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡≈Á∫¡◊Õ °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥, µ—¥·≈–∑“‡≈Á∫¡◊Õ d5204 °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡≈Á∫‡∑â“ °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥, µ—¥·≈–∑“‡≈Á∫‡∑â“ d5208 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d5209 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d530 °“√„™âÀâÕßπÈ” °“√«“ß·ºπ·≈–°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√°”®—¥¢Õ߇ ’¬ (ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, ªí “«–·≈–Õÿ®®“√–) ·≈– °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥µπ‡ÕßÀ≈—ß®“°π—Èπ √«¡ : °“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√∂à“¬ªí “«–; Õÿ®®“√– °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡√◊ËÕß ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥√à“ß°“¬µπ‡Õß (d510); °“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ d5300 °“√®—¥°“√°“√∂à“¬ªí “«–„À⇪ìπª°µ‘ °“√ª√– “π·≈–°“√®—¥°“√°“√ªí “«– ‡™àπ °“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡µâÕß°“√„π°“√∂à“¬, °“√®—¥‡µ√’¬¡∑à“∑“ß∑’Ëæ√âÕ¡, °“√‡≈◊Õ°·≈–°“√‰ª¬—ß ∂“π∑’Ë ”À√—∫°“√∂à“¬ ªí “«–, °“√®—¥°“√‡ ◊Èպ⓰àÕπ·≈–À≈—ß°“√ªí “«–·≈–°“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥ µπ‡ÕßÀ≈—ß®“°∂à“¬ªí “«– d5301 °“√®—¥°“√°“√∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√–„À⇪ìπª°µ‘ °“√ª√– “π·≈–°“√®—¥°“√ °“√Õÿ®®“√– ‡™àπ °“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡µâÕß°“√„π°“√∂à“¬, °“√®—¥‡µ√’¬¡∑à“∑“ß∑’Ëæ√âÕ¡, °“√‡≈◊Õ°·≈–°“√‰ª¬—ß ∂“π ”À√—∫°“√∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√–, °“√®—¥°“√‡ ◊Èպ⓰àÕπ·≈–À≈—ß°“√∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√–·≈–°“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥µπ‡ÕßÀ≈—ß ®“°∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– d5302 °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕߪ√–®”‡¥◊Õπ °“√ª√– “π, °“√«“ß·ºπ·≈–°“√¥Ÿ·≈°“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ ‚¥¬°“√‡µ√’¬¡√Õ‡«≈“∑’Ë ®–¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ °“√„™âºâ“Õπ“¡—¬ d5308 °“√„™âÀâÕßπÈ”, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫√“¬≈–‡Õÿ ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

150 Activities and Participation ICF

d5309 Toileting, unspecified

d540 Dressing Carrying out the coordinated actions and tasks of putting on and taking off clothes and footwear in sequence and in keeping with climatic and social conditions, such as by putting on, adjusting and removing shirts, skirts, blouses, pants, undergarments, saris, kimono, tights, hats, gloves, coats, shoes, boots, sandals and slippers. Inclusions: putting on or taking off clothes and footwear and choosing appropriate clothing

d5400 Putting on clothes Carrying out the coordinated tasks of putting clothes on various parts of the body, such as putting clothes on over the head, over the arms and shoulders, and on the lower and upper halves of the body; putting on gloves and headgear.

d5401 Taking off clothes Carrying out the coordinated tasks of taking clothes off various parts of the body, such as pulling clothes off and over the head, off the arms and shoulders, and off the lower and upper halves of the body; taking off gloves and headgear.

d5402 Putting on footwear Carrying out the coordinated tasks of putting on socks, stockings and footwear.

d5403 Taking off footwear Carrying out the coordinated tasks of taking off socks, stockings and footwear.

d5404 Choosing appropriate clothing Following implicit or explicit dress codes and conventions of one's society or culture and dressing in keeping with climatic conditions.

d5408 Dressing, other specified

d5409 Dressing, unspecified

d550 Eating Carrying out the coordinated tasks and actions of eating food that has been served, bringing it to the mouth and consuming it in culturally acceptable ways, cutting or breaking food into pieces, opening bottles and cans, using eating implements, having meals, feasting or dining. Exclusion: drinking (d560)

151 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d5309 °“√„™âÀâÕßπÈ”, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d540 °“√·µàßµ—« °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ª√– “π°“√„ à·≈–∂Õ¥‡ ◊Èպ⓷≈–√Õ߇∑Ⓡªìπ≈”¥—∫¢—Èπ ·≈–°“√„™â‡ ◊Èպⓠµ“¡ ¿“«–Õ“°“»·≈–‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß —ߧ¡ ‡™àπ °“√ «¡‡ ◊ÈÕ, °“√®—¥‡ ◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„ à·≈–°“√∂Õ¥ ‡ ◊ÈÕ, °√–‚ª√ß, °“߇°ß, ™ÿ¥™—Èπ„π, à“À√’, °‘‚¡‚π, ∂ÿßπàÕß, À¡«°, ∂ÿß¡◊Õ, ‡ ◊ÈÕ‚§âµ, √Õ߇∑â“, √Õ߇∑â“∫Ÿâ∑, √Õ߇∑â“øÕßπÈ”·≈–√Õ߇∑â“·µ– √«¡ : °“√„ à·≈–∂Õ¥‡ ◊Èպ⓷≈–√Õ߇∑â“·≈–°“√‡≈◊Õ°„ à‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ d5400 °“√„ ‡ à Õº◊È “â °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π„π°“√„ à‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“∫π√à“ß°“¬ à«πµà“ßÊ ‡™àπ °“√ „ à‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“∑“ß»’√…–, ∑“ß·¢π·≈–‰À≈à·≈–∫π√à“ß°“¬∑àÕπ∫π·≈–∑àÕπ≈à“ß, °“√„ à ∂ÿß¡◊Õ·≈–À¡«° d5401 °“√∂Õ¥‡ ◊Èպⓠ°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π„π°“√∂Õ¥‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“ÕÕ°®“° à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß √à“ß°“¬ ‡™àπ °“√∂Õ¥‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“ÕÕ°∑“ß»’√…–, ∑“ß·¢π·≈–‰À≈à·≈–∑“ß√à“ß°“¬ ∑àÕπ∫π·≈–∑àÕπ≈à“ß, °“√∂Õ¥∂ÿß¡◊Õ·≈–À¡«° d5402 °“√ «¡√Õ߇∑â“ °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π„π°“√ «¡„ à∂ÿ߇∑â“, ∂ÿßπàÕß·≈–√Õ߇∑â“ d5403 °“√∂Õ¥√Õ߇∑â“ °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π„π°“√∂Õ¥∂ÿ߇∑â“, ∂ÿßπàÕß·≈–√Õ߇∑â“ÕÕ° d5404 °“√‡≈◊Õ°„ à‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ °“√‡≈◊Õ°„ à‡ ◊ÈպⓄÀâ∂Ÿ°µâÕß∑”µ“¡¢π∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡«—≤π∏√√¡·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’ „π°“√ ·µàß°“¬„Àâ∂Ÿ°µâÕß √«¡∑—Èß°“√‡≈◊Õ°„ à‡ ◊ÈպⓄÀ⇢“°â —∫¿“«–Õ“°“» d5408 °“√·µàßµ—«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d5409 °“√·µàßµ—«, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d550 °“√√∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√— °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√∑’ˉ¥âπ”¡“«“߉«â„Àâ·≈â«, π” Õ“À“√π—Èπ‡¢â“ª“° ·≈–∫√‘‚¿§¥â«¬°‘√‘¬“¡“√¬“∑∑’ˇªìπ∑’ˬա√—∫µ“¡«—≤π∏√√¡π—ÈπÊ, °“√µ—¥ Õ“À“√ÕÕ°‡ªìπ™‘ÈπÊ, °“√‡ªî¥¢«¥·≈–°√–ªÜÕß, °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å„π°“√√—∫ª√–∑“π„π¡◊ÈÕ Õ“À“√, ß“π‡≈’È¬ß À√◊ÕÕ“À“√¡◊ÈÕ‡¬Áπ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√¥◊Ë¡ (d560)

151 Activities and Participation ICF

d560 Drinking Taking hold of a drink, bringing it to the mouth, and consuming the drink in culturally acceptable ways, mixing, stirring and pouring liquids for drinking, opening bottles and cans, drinking through a straw or drinking running water such as from a tap or a spring; feeding from the breast. Exclusion: eating (d550)

d570 Looking after one’s health Ensuring physical comfort, health and physical and mental well-being, such as by maintaining a balanced diet, and an appropriate level of physical activity, keeping warm or cool, avoiding harms to health, following safe sex practices, including using condoms, getting immunizations and regular physical examinations. Inclusions: ensuring one's physical comfort; managing diet and fitness; maintaining one's health

d5700 Ensuring one’s physical comfort Caring for oneself by being aware that one needs to ensure, and ensuring, that one's body is in a comfortable position, that one is not feeling too hot or cold, and that one has adequate lighting.

d5701 Managing diet and fitness Caring for oneself by being aware of the need and by selecting and consuming nutritious foods and maintaining physical fitness.

d5702 Maintaining one's health Caring for oneself by being aware of the need and doing what is required to look after one's health, both to respond to risks to health and to prevent ill-health, such as by seeking professional assistance; following medical and other health advice; and avoiding risks to health such as physical injury, communicable diseases, drug-taking and sexually transmitted diseases.

d5708 Looking after one’s health, other specified

d5709 Looking after one’s health, unspecified

d598 Self-care, other specified

d599 Self-care, unspecified

152 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d560 °“√¥¡◊Ë °“√∂◊Õ¿“™π–„ à‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡, °“√π” Ÿàª“°·≈–¥◊Ë¡¥â«¬°‘√‘¬“¡“√¬“∑∑’ˇªìπ∑’ˬա√—∫µ“¡ «—≤π∏√√¡, °“√º ¡, °“√§π·≈–‡∑¢Õ߇À≈«‡æ◊ËÕ¥◊Ë¡, °“√‡ªî¥¢«¥·≈–°√–ªÜÕß, °“√¥◊Ë¡ ‚¥¬„™âÀ≈Õ¥, °“√¥◊Ë¡πÈ”∑’ˉÀ≈≈ß¡“®“°°äÕ°À√◊ÕπÈ”æÿÀ√◊Õ°“√¥Ÿ¥π¡¡“√¥“ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√ (d550) d570 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æµ—«‡Õß °“√√—°…“§«“¡ –¥«° ∫“¬∑“ß√à“ß°“¬ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–°“√√—°…“§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà∑’Ë¥’ ∑—Èß∑“ß°“¬ ·≈–∑“ß®‘µ ‡™àπ ‚¥¬°“√√—°…“‚¿™π“°“√, ·≈–ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬µ“¡ ¡§«√À√◊Õ§«∫§ÿ¡ Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ √âÕπ‡¬Áπ À≈’°‡≈’Ë¬ß ‘Ëß∑’Ë®–‡ªìπÕ—πµ√“¬µàÕ ÿ¢¿“æ, ¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏åÕ¬à“ߪ≈Õ¥¿—¬ √«¡∂÷ß°“√„™â∂ÿ߬“ßÕπ“¡—¬, ©’¥¬“ªÑÕß°—π‚√§·≈–µ√«® ÿ¢¿“æÕ¬à“ß ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ √«¡ : °“√√—°…“§«“¡ –¥«° ∫“¬¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡√◊ËÕß‚¿™π“°“√ ·≈– §«“¡·¢Áß ·√ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ : °“√√—°…“ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßµπ‡Õß d5700 °“√√—°…“§«“¡ –¥«° ∫“¬¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√¥Ÿ·≈µ—«‡Õߥ⫬°“√µ√–Àπ—°„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈√à“ß°“¬¢Õßµπ ¥â«¬°“√„Àâ√à“ß°“¬Õ¬Ÿà „π∑à“∑’Ë ∫“¬, ‰¡à√âÕπÀ√◊ÕÀπ“«®π‡°‘π‰ª, À√◊Õ¡’· ß «à“ßæÕ‡æ’¬ß d5701 °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡√◊ËÕß‚¿™π“°“√·≈–§«“¡·¢Áß·√ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õߥ⫬°“√µ√–Àπ—°∂÷ߧ«“¡µâÕß°“√ „π°“√‡≈◊Õ°√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√∑’Ë ¡’ª√–‚¬™πå, ·≈–√—°…“ ÿ¢¿“æ√à“ß°“¬„Àâ·¢Áß·√ßÕ¬Ÿà‡ ¡Õ d5702 °“√√—°…“ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßµπ‡Õß °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õߥ⫬°“√µ√–Àπ—°∂÷ߧ«“¡µâÕß°“√·≈–∑”„π ‘Ëß∑’Ë ¡§«√ „π°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßµπ‡Õß ∑—È߇æ◊ËÕµÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ§«“¡‡ ’ˬߥâ“π ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–ªÑÕß°—𧫓¡ ‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬ ‡™àπ °“√‰ªæ∫ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠, °“√∑”µ“¡§”·π–π”¢Õß·æ∑¬å·≈–À≈’° ‡≈’ˬߧ«“¡‡ ’ˬߵàÕ ÿ¢¿“æ ‡™àπ ∫“¥·º≈∑“ß√à“ß°“¬, ‚√§µ‘¥µàÕ, °“√‡ 欓‡ æ µ‘¥·≈–°“√µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ∑“ß‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å d5708 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßµπ‡Õß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d5709 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßµπ‡Õß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d598 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d599 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

152 Activities and Participation ICF Chapter 6 Domestic life This chapter is about carrying out domestic and everyday actions and tasks. Areas of domestic life include acquiring a place to live, food, clothing and other necessities, household cleaning and repairing, caring for personal and other household objects, and assisting others. Acquisition of necessities (d610-d629)

d610 Acquiring a place to live Buying, renting, furnishing and arranging a house, apartment or other dwelling. Inclusions: buying or renting a place to live and furnishing a place to live Exclusions: acquisition of goods and services (d620); caring for household objects (d650)

d6100 Buying a place to live Acquiring ownership of a house, apartment or other dwelling.

d6101 Renting a place to live Acquiring the use of a house, apartment or other dwelling belonging to another in exchange for payment.

d6102 Furnishing a place to live Equipping and arranging a living space with furniture, fixtures and other fittings and decorating rooms.

d6108 Acquiring a place to live, other specified

d6109 Acquiring a place to live, unspecified

d620 Acquisition of goods and services Selecting, procuring and transporting all goods and services required for daily living, such as selecting, procuring, transporting and storing food, drink, clothing, cleaning materials, fuel, household items, utensils, cooking ware, domestic appliance and tools; procuring utilities and other household services. Inclusions: shopping and gathering daily necessities Exclusion: acquiring a place to live (d610)

153 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à ∫∑∑’Ë 6 ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ „π∫∑π’È®–‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√¿“¬„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ·≈–ß“π·≈–°“√°√–∑”∑ÿ°Ê «—π ™’«‘µ¿“¬„π §√—«‡√◊Õπ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬æ◊Èπ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬, Õ“À“√, ‡§√◊ËÕßπÿàßÀà¡·≈–ªí®®—¬∑’Ë®”‡ªìπÕ◊ËπÊ, °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥·≈–°“√´àÕ¡·´¡∫â“π, °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘ËߢÕß à«πµ—«·≈–¢Õß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“πÕ◊ËπÊ ·≈–°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ºÕŸâ π◊Ë °“√À“ ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ (d610-d629) d610 °“√À“∑Õ¬’Ë Õ“»Ÿà ¬— °“√´◊ÈÕ, °“√‡™à“, °“√µ°·µàß·≈–°“√®—¥∫â“π, ÀâÕß™ÿ¥À√◊Õ∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ √«¡ : °“√´◊ÈÕÀ√◊Õ°“√‡™à“∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬·≈–°“√µ°·µàß∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√À“´◊ÈÕ ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√ (d620); °“√¥Ÿ·≈¢Õß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π (d650) d6100 °“√´◊ÈÕ∑Õ¬’Ë ŸàÕ“»—¬ °“√‡¢â“‡ªìπ‡®â“¢Õß∫â“π, ÀâÕß™ÿ¥À√◊Õ∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ d6101 °“√‡™à“∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ °“√‡¢â“¡“„™â∫â“π, ÀâÕß™ÿ¥À√◊Õ∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ∑’˺ŸâÕ◊Ëπ‡ªìπ‡®â“¢Õß ‚¥¬°“√®à“¬ ‡ß‘π„À⇪ìπ°“√·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ d6102 °“√µ°·µàß„π∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ °“√µ‘¥µ—Èß·≈–®—¥∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬¥â«¬‡§√◊ËÕ߇√◊Õπ·≈– ‘Ëߪ√–¥—∫Õ◊ËπÊ d6108 °“√À“∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d6109 °“√À“∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d620 °“√À“´◊ÈÕ ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√ °“√‡≈◊Õ°, °“√´◊ÈÕ·≈–°“√¢π àß ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ ”À√—∫™’«‘µª√–®”«—𠇙àπ°“√‡≈◊Õ°, °“√®—¥´◊ÈÕ, °“√¢π àß·≈–°“√®—¥‡°Á∫Õ“À“√, ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡, ‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“, «— ¥ÿ„π°“√ ∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥, ‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß, ¢Õß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π, Õÿª°√≥å, Õÿª°√≥åÀÿßµâ¡, ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß „™â¿“¬„π∫â“π, “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§·≈–∫√‘°“√¿“¬„π∫â“πÕ◊ËπÊ √«¡ : °“√´◊ÈÕ¢Õß·≈–°“√√«∫√«¡ ‘Ëß®”‡ªìπª√–®”«—π ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√À“∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬

153 Activities and Participation ICF

d6200 Shopping Obtaining, in exchange for money, goods and services required for daily living (including instructing and supervising an intermediary to do the shopping), such as selecting food, drink, cleaning materials, household items or clothing in a shop or market; comparing quality and price of the items required, negotiating and paying for selected goods or services, and transporting goods.

d6201 Gathering daily necessities Obtaining, without exchange of money, goods and services required for daily living (including instructing and supervising an intermediate to gather daily necessities), such as by harvesting vegetables and fruits and getting water and fuel.

d6208 Acquisition of goods and services, other specified

d6209 Acquisition of goods and services, unspecified

d629 Acquisition of necessities, other specified and unspecified Household tasks (d630-d649)

d630 Preparing meals Planning, organizing, cooking and serving simple and complex meals for oneself and others, such as by making a menu, selecting edible food and drink, getting together ingredients for preparing meals, cooking with heat and preparing cold foods and drinks, and serving the food. Inclusions: preparing simple and complex meals Exclusions: eating (d550); drinking (d560); acquisition of goods and services (d620); doing housework (d640); caring for household objects (d650); caring for others (d660)

d6300 Preparing simple meals Organizing, cooking and serving meals with a small number of ingredients that require easy methods of preparation and serving, such as making a snack or small meal, and transforming food ingredients by cutting and stirring, boiling and heating food such as rice or potatoes.

154 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d6200 °“√´◊ÈÕ¢Õß °“√À“¡“´÷Ëß ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√∑’˵âÕß°“√ ”À√—∫°“√„™â„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—π ‚¥¬°“√„™â ‡ß‘π·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ (√«¡∂÷ß°“√¥Ÿ·≈À√◊Õ —Ëß°“√„À⺟âÕ◊Ëπ´◊ÈÕ¢Õß„Àâ), ‡™àπ °“√‡≈◊Õ°´◊ÈÕ Õ“À“√, ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡, «— ¥ÿ„π°“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥, ¢Õß„™â„π∫â“πÀ√◊Õ‡ ◊ÈպⓄπ√â“π À√◊Õµ≈“¥, °“√‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫§ÿ≥¿“æ·≈–√“§“¢Õß∑’˵âÕß°“√, °“√µàÕ√Õß·≈–®à“¬ ‡ß‘π ”À√—∫ ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√∑’ˉ¥â‡≈◊Õ°‰«â·≈â«·≈–°“√¢π àß ‘π§â“ d6201 °“√√«∫√«¡ ‘Ëß®”‡ªìπª√–®”«—π °“√À“¡“´÷Ëß ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√∑’˵âÕß°“√ ”À√—∫°“√„™â„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—π ‚¥¬‰¡àµâÕß „™â‡ß‘π·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ (√«¡∂÷ß°“√¥Ÿ·≈ —Ëß°“√„À⺟âÕ◊Ëπ‡ªìπºŸâ°√–∑”„Àâ) ‡™àπ °“√‡°Á∫ ‡°’ˬ«º—°·≈–º≈‰¡â·≈–°“√À“πÈ”·≈–‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß d6208 °“√À“´◊ÈÕ ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d6209 °“√À“´◊ÈÕ ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d629 °“√À“ ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈– ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ß“π∫â“π (d630-d649) d630 °“√‡µ√’¬¡Õ“À“√ °“√«“ß·ºπ, °“√®—¥°“√, °“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√ßà“¬Ê ·≈–´—∫´âÕπ·≈–𔉪„Àâ√—∫ª√–∑“π ”À√—∫µπ‡Õß·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ë𠇙àπ °“√®—¥∑”√“¬°“√Õ“À“√, ‡≈◊Õ°Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡∑’Ë√—∫ ª√–∑“π‰¥â, √«∫√«¡ à«πª√–°Õ∫∑’˵âÕß„™â„π°“√∑”Õ“À“√, °“√∑”Õ“À“√‚¥¬„™â§«“¡√âÕπ ·≈–°“√‡µ√’¬¡Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡∑’ˇ¬Áπ·≈–°“√π”Õ“À“√‰ª„À⺟â√—∫ª√–∑“π √«¡ : °“√∑”Õ“À“√ßà“¬Ê ·≈–∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√ (d550); °“√¥◊Ë¡ (d560); °“√À“¡“´÷Ëß ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√ (d620); °“√∑”ß“π∫â“π (d640); °“√¥Ÿ·≈¢Õß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π (d650); °“√¥Ÿ·≈ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ (d660) d6300 °“√‡µ√’¬¡Õ“À“√ßà“¬Ê °“√®—¥°“√, °“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–π”Õ“À“√‰ª„À⺟â√—∫ª√–∑“π ‚¥¬„™â à«πª√–°Õ∫„π °“√∑”Õ“À“√πâÕ¬∑’˵âÕß°“√«‘∏’ßà“¬Ê „π°“√‡µ√’¬¡·≈–°“√𔉪„Àâ√—∫ª√–∑“𠇙àπ °“√∑”¢Õß«à“ßÀ√◊ÕÕ“À“√¡◊ÈÕ‡≈Á°Ê ·≈–‡µ√’¬¡ à«πª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√ µ—¥·≈–§π, µâ¡À√◊ÕÕÿàπÕ“À“√ ‡™àπ ¢â“«À√◊Õ¡—πΩ√—Ëß

154 Activities and Participation ICF

d6301 Preparing complex meals Planning, organizing, cooking and serving meals with a large number of ingredients that require complex methods of preparation and serving, such as planning a meal with several dishes, and transforming food ingredients by combined actions of peeling, slicing, mixing, kneading, stirring, presenting and serving food in a manner appropriate to the occasion and culture. Exclusion: using household appliances (d6403)

d6308 Preparing meals, other specified

d6309 Preparing meals, unspecified

d640 Doing housework Managing a household by cleaning the house, washing clothes, using household appliances, storing food and disposing of garbage, such as by sweeping, mopping, washing counters, walls and other surfaces; collecting and disposing of household garbage; tidying rooms, closets and drawers; collecting, washing, drying, folding and ironing clothes; cleaning footwear; using brooms, brushes and vacuum cleaners; using washing machines, driers and irons. Inclusions: washing and drying clothes and garments; cleaning cooking area and utensils; cleaning living area; using household appliances, storing daily necessities and disposing of garbage Exclusions: acquiring a place to live (d610); acquisition of goods and services (d620); preparing meals (d630); caring for household objects (d650); caring for others (d660)

d6400 Washing and drying clothes and garments Washing clothes and garments by hand and hanging them out to dry in the air.

d6401 Cleaning cooking area and utensils Cleaning up after cooking, such as by washing dishes, pans, pots and cooking utensils, and cleaning tables and floors around cooking and eating area.

d6402 Cleaning living area Cleaning the living areas of the household, such as by tidying and dusting, sweeping, swabbing, mopping floors, cleaning windows and walls, cleaning bathrooms and toilets, cleaning household furnishings.

155 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d6301 °“√‡µ√’¬¡Õ“À“√∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ °“√«“ß·ºπ, °“√®—¥°“√, °“√π”Õ“À“√‰ª„À⺟â√—∫ª√–∑“π ‚¥¬„™â à«πª√–°Õ∫ ®”π«π¡“°µâÕß°“√«‘∏’°“√∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ„π°“√‡µ√’¬¡·≈–𔉪„Àâ√—∫ª√–∑“𠇙àπ °“√‡µ√’¬¡∑”Õ“À“√À≈“¬Ê Õ¬à“ß ·≈–°“√‡µ√’¬¡ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢ÕßÕ“À“√À≈“¬ ·∫∫ ‡™àπ °“√ªÕ°, °“√‡©◊Õπ, °“√º ¡, °“√𫥧≈ÿ°‡§≈â“, °“√§π, °“√®—¥√Ÿª ·∫∫·≈–°“√π”Õ“À“√‰ª„Àâ√—∫ª√–∑“π∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ °—∫ª√–‡æ≥’ «—≤π∏√√¡ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π (d6403) d6308 °“√‡µ√’¬¡Õ“À“√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d6309 °“√‡µ√’¬¡Õ“À“√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d640 °“√∑”ß“π∫â“π °“√®—¥°“√¿“¬„π∫â“π¥â«¬°“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥∫â“π, ´—°‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“, °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π, °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“Õ“À“√·≈–°“√∑‘Èß ‘Ëߪؑ°Ÿ≈ ‡™àπ ‚¥¬°“√°«“¥∫â“π, ∂Ÿ∫â“π, °“√™”√–≈â“ß™—Èπ «“ß™Õß, °”·æß·≈–æ◊ÈπÕ◊ËπÊ; °“√‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡·≈–°”®—¥ ‘Ëߪؑ°Ÿ≈¿“¬„π∫â“π °“√®—¥ÀâÕß, µŸâ‡ ◊Èպ⓷≈–≈‘Èπ™—°„À⇪ìπ√–‡∫’¬∫; °“√√«∫√«¡, ´—°≈â“ß, ∑”„Àâ·Àâß, æ—∫‡°Á∫·≈–√’¥; ∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥√Õ߇∑â“; °“√„™â‰¡â°«“¥, ·ª√ß·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥŸ¥ΩÿÉπ; °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß´—°ºâ“, ‡§√◊ËÕßÕ∫ºâ“·≈–‡µ“√’¥ √«¡ : °“√´—°·≈–°“√µ“°‡ ◊Èպ⓷≈–‡§√◊ËÕß·µàß°“¬; °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥æ◊Èπ∑’ËÕÿª°√≥å∑’Ë„™â „π°“√∑”Õ“À“√; °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬; °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π; °“√ ‡°Á∫√—°…“¢Õß„™â∑’Ë®”‡ªìπª√–®”«—π·≈–°“√°”®—¥ ‘Ëߪؑ°Ÿ≈ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√À“∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ (d610); °“√À“´◊ÈÕ ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√ (d620); °“√‡µ√’¬¡ Õ“À“√ (d630); °“√¥Ÿ·≈¢Õß„π∫â“π (d650); °“√¥Ÿ·≈ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ (d660) d6400 °“√´—°·≈–°“√µ“°‡ ◊Èպ⓷≈–‡§√◊ËÕß·µàß°“¬ °“√´—°≈â“߇ ◊Èպ⓷≈–‡§√◊ËÕß·µàß°“¬¥â«¬¡◊Õ·≈–π”·¢«πµ“°„Àâ·Àâß„πÕ“°“» d6401 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥æ◊Èπ∑’Ë ·≈–Õÿª°√≥å„π°“√∑”Õ“À“√ °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥¿“¬À≈—ß®“°°“√∑”Õ“À“√ ‡™àπ °“√≈â“ß®“π™“¡, À¡âÕ °–∑– ·≈–Õÿª°√≥å∑”Õ“À“√Õ◊ËπÊ °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥‚µä–·≈–æ◊Èπ„π∫√‘‡«≥∑’˪√–°Õ∫ Õ“À“√·≈–∫√‘‡«≥√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√ d6402 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥∫√‘‡«≥∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥∫√‘‡«≥∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬„π∫â“𠇙àπ °“√®—¥·≈–°“√ªí¥ΩÿÉπ, °“√ °«“¥, °“√‡™Á¥, °“√∂Ÿæ◊Èπ, °“√‡™Á¥°√–®°·≈–ºπ—ß, ∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥ÀâÕßπÈ”·≈– â«¡, ∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥‡§√◊ËÕ߇√◊Õπ

155 Activities and Participation ICF

d6403 Using household appliances Using all kinds of household appliances, such as washing machines, driers, irons, vacuum cleaners and dishwashers.

d6404 Storing daily necessities Storing food, drinks, clothes and other household goods required for daily living; preparing food for conservation by canning, salting or refrigerating, keeping food fresh and out of the reach of animals.

d6405 Disposing of garbage Disposing of household garbage such as by collecting trash and rubbish around the house, preparing garbage for disposal, using garbage disposal appliances; burning garbage.

d6408 Doing housework, other specified

d6409 Doing housework, unspecified

d649 Household tasks, other specified and unspecified Caring for household objects and assisting others (d650-d669)

d650 Caring for household objects Maintaining and repairing household and other personal objects, including house and contents, clothes, vehicles and assistive devices, and caring for plants and animals, such as painting or wallpapering rooms, fixing furniture, repairing plumbing, ensuring the proper working order of vehicles, watering plants, grooming and feeding pets and domestic animals. Inclusions: making and repairing clothes; maintaining dwelling, furnishings and domestic appliances; maintaining vehicles; maintaining assistive devices; taking care of plants (indoor and outdoor) and animals Exclusions: acquiring a place to live (d610); acquisition of goods and services (d620); doing housework (d640); caring for others (d660); remunerative employment (d850)

d6500 Making and repairing clothes Making and repairing clothes, such as by sewing, producing or mending clothes; reattaching buttons and fasteners; ironing clothes, fixing and polishing footwear. Exclusion: using household appliances (d6403)

156 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d6403 °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π∑ÿ°™π‘¥ ‡™à𠇧√◊ËÕß´—°ºâ“, ‡§√◊ËÕßÕ∫ºâ“, ‡µ“√’¥, ‡§√◊ËÕߥŸ¥ΩÿÉπ·≈–‡§√◊ËÕß≈â“ß®“π d6404 °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“¢Õß„™â∑’Ë®”‡ªìπª√–®”«—π °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“Õ“À“√, ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡, ‡ ◊Èպ⓷≈–¢Õß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“πÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ„π °“√„™â„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—𠇙àπ°“√‡µ√’¬¡Õ“À“√ ”À√—∫∂πÕ¡Õ“À“√ ‡™àπ °“√„ à°√– ªÜÕß, ∑”„À⇧Á¡À√◊Õ„ ൟ⇬Áπ, °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“Õ“À“√„Àâ ¥·≈–®—¥«“ß„ÀâÀà“ß®“° —µ«å d6405 °“√°”®—¥ ‘Ëߪؑ°Ÿ≈ °“√°”®—¥ ‘Ëߪؑ°Ÿ≈¿“¬„π∫â“𠇙àπ °“√√«∫√«¡¢¬–·≈–¢Õ߇ ’¬√Õ∫Ê ∫â“π, °“√‡µ√’¬¡ ‘Ëߪؑ°Ÿ≈∑’Ë®–∑‘Èß, °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√°”®—¥ ‘Ëߪؑ°Ÿ≈·≈–°“√‡º“¢¬– d6408 °“√∑”ß“π∫â“π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d6409 °“√∑”ß“π∫â“π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d649 ß“π∫â“π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘ËߢÕß„π∫â“π·≈–°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ (d650-d669) d650 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘ËߢÕß„π∫â“π °“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“·≈–´àÕ¡·´¡ ‘ËߢÕß„π∫â“π·≈–¢Õß à«πµ—«Õ◊ËπÊ √«¡∑—Èßµ—«∫â“π·≈– ‘Ëß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà „π∫â“π, ‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“, ¬“πæ“Àπ–·≈–Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°, ·≈–°“√¥Ÿ·≈µâπ‰¡â·≈– —µ«å, °“√∑“ ’À√◊Õµ‘¥°√–¥“…µ‘¥Ω“ºπ—ßÀâÕß, °“√´àÕ¡‡§√◊ËÕ߇√◊Õπ, °“√´àÕ¡∑àÕπÈ”, ¥Ÿ·≈ √—°…“°“√„™âß“π¢Õ߬“πæ“Àπ–, √¥πÈ”µâπ‰¡â, °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥·≈–„ÀâÕ“À“√ —µ«å‡≈’È¬ß ·≈– µ«— ∑å „™’Ë ß“πâ √«¡ : °“√µ—¥‡¬Á∫·≈–°“√´àÕ¡·´¡‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“; °“√¥Ÿ·≈∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬; °“√µ°·µàß·≈–‡§√◊ËÕß„™â ¿“¬„π∫â“π; °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ¿“欓πæ“Àπ–; °“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°µà“ßÊ; °“√¥Ÿ·≈µâπ‰¡â (∑—Èß¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°∫â“π) ·≈–¥Ÿ·≈ —µ«å ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√À“∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ (d610); °“√´◊ÈÕ ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√ (d620); °“√∑”ß“π∫â“π (d640); °“√¥Ÿ·≈ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ (d660); ß“π∑’Ë¡’§à“µÕ∫·∑π (d850) d6500 °“√µ—¥‡¬Á∫·≈–°“√´àÕ¡·´¡‡ ◊Èպⓠ°“√µ—¥‡¬Á∫·≈–°“√´àÕ¡·´¡‡ ◊Èպⓠ‡™àπ ‚¥¬°“√‡¬Á∫, °“√º≈‘µÀ√◊Õ´àÕ¡·´¡ ‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“, °“√µ‘¥°√–¥ÿ¡·≈–µ–¢Õ„À¡à; °“√√’¥‡ ◊Èպⓠ°“√´àÕ¡·´¡·≈–¢—¥√Õ߇∑â“

156 Activities and Participation ICF

d6501 Maintaining dwelling and furnishings Repairing and taking care of dwelling, its exterior, interior and contents, such as by painting, repairing fixtures and furniture, and using required tools for repair work.

d6502 Maintaining domestic appliances Repairing and taking care of all domestic appliances for cooking, cleaning and repairing, such as by oiling and repairing tools and maintaining the washing machine.

d6503 Maintaining vehicles Repairing and taking care of motorized and non-motorized vehicles for personal use, including bicycles, carts, automobiles and boats.

d6504 Maintaining assistive devices Repairing and taking care of assistive devices, such as prostheses, orthoses and specialized tools and aids for housekeeping and personal care; maintaining and repairing aids for personal mobility such as canes, walkers, wheelchairs and scooters; and maintaining communication and recreational aids.

d6505 Taking care of plants, indoors and outdoors Taking care of plants inside and outside the house, such as by planting, watering and fertilizing plants; gardening and growing foods for personal use.

d6506 Taking care of animals Taking care of domestic animals and pets, such as by feeding, cleaning, grooming and exercising pets; watching over the health of animals or pets; planning for the care of animals or pets in one's absence.

d6508 Caring for household objects, specified

d6509 Caring for household objects, unspecified

d660 Assisting others Assisting household members and others with their learning, communicating, self-care, movement, within the house or outside; being concerned about the well-being of household members and others. Inclusions: assisting others with self-care, movement, communication, interpersonal relations, nutrition and health maintenance Exclusion: remunerative employment (d850)

157 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d6501 °“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬·≈–‡§√◊ËÕ߇√◊Õπ °“√´àÕ¡·´¡·≈–¥Ÿ·≈∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬∑—Èß¿“¬πÕ°¿“¬„π·≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫ ‡™àπ ¥â«¬ °“√∑“ ’, ´àÕ¡·´¡Õÿª°√≥å·≈–‡§√◊ËÕ߇√◊Õπ·≈–°“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√´àÕ¡·´¡ ‡À≈à“π—Èπ d6502 °“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“‡§√◊ËÕß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π °“√¥Ÿ·≈·≈–´àÕ¡·´¡‡§√◊ËÕß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’Ë„™â„π°“√∑”Õ“À“√, °“√ ∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥·≈–°“√´àÕ¡·´¡ ‡™àπ °“√À¬Õ¥πÈ”¡—π·≈–´àÕ¡·´¡‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ ·≈–°“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“‡§√◊ËÕß´—°ºâ“ d6503 °“√¥Ÿ·≈¬“πæ“Àπ– °“√´àÕ¡·´¡·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“¬“πæ“Àπ– à«πµ—« ∑—Èß∑’ˇªìπ™π‘¥∑’Ë„™â·≈–‰¡à„™â ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå ‰¥â·°à ®—°√¬“π, ‡°«’¬π, √∂¬πµå ·≈– ‡√◊Õ d6504 °“√¥Ÿ·≈Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°µà“ßÊ °“√¥Ÿ·≈·≈–´àÕ¡·´¡Õÿª°√≥å Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°µ“ßÊà ‡™àπ Õÿª°√≥å ‡∑’¬¡, Õÿª°√≥å‡ √‘¡·≈–‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ摇»…Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬Õ◊ËπÊ ”À√—∫ß“π ∫â“πÀ√◊Õ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«π∫ÿ§§≈; °“√¥Ÿ·≈·≈–√—°…“‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë à«π ∫ÿ§§≈µà“ßÊ ‡™àπ ‰¡â‡∑â“, Õÿª°√≥å™à«¬‡¥‘π™π‘¥ 4 ¢“, √∂‡¢Áπ·≈–√∂‡≈◊ËÕπ·≈– °“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬¥â“π —π∑π“°“√ d6505 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µâπ‰¡â¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°∫â“π °“√¥Ÿ·≈µâπ‰¡â∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„π∫â“π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°µ—«∫â“𠇙àπ ‚¥¬°“√ª≈Ÿ°, √¥πÈ”, „ àªÿܬ; °“√∑” «π·≈–∑” «π§√—«‡æ◊ËÕ„™â‡Õß d6506 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ —µ«å °“√¥Ÿ·≈ —µ«å∑’ˇ≈’Ȭ߉«â„™âß“π·≈– —µ«å‡≈’È¬ß ‡™àπ ‚¥¬°“√„ÀâÕ“À“√, ∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥, µ—¥·µàߢπ·≈–¥Ÿ·≈‡√◊ËÕß°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß; ¥Ÿ·≈‡√ËÕß ◊ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß —µ«å‡≈’Ȭß; ‡µ√’¬¡°“√ ”À√—∫°“√¥Ÿ·≈ —µ«å‡≈’È¬ß „π°√≥’∑’Ë®–‰¡àÕ¬Ÿà∫â“π d6508 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘ËߢÕß„π∫â“π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d6509 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘ËߢÕß„π∫â“π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d660 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ¡“™‘°„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ, °“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√, °“√ ¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß, °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑—Èß¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°∫â“π; §«“¡Àà«ß„¬∑’Ë¡’µàÕ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà ¢Õß ¡“™‘°„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ √«¡ : °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈µ—«‡Õß, °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, °“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√, §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈, °“√¥Ÿ·≈¥â“π‚¿™π“°“√·≈– ÿ¢¿“æ ‰¡à√«¡ : ß“π∑’Ë¡’§à“µÕ∫·∑π (d850)

157 Activities and Participation ICF

d6600 Assisting others with self-care Assisting household members and others in performing self- care, including helping others with eating, bathing and dressing; taking care of children or members of the household who are sick or have difficulties with basic self-care; helping others with their toileting.

d6601 Assisting others in movement Assisting household members and others in movements and in moving outside the home, such as in the neighbourhood or city, to or from school, place of employment or other destination.

d6602 Assisting others in communication Assisting household members and others with their communication, such as by helping with speaking, writing or reading.

d6603 Assisting others in interpersonal relations Assisting household members and others with their interpersonal interactions, such as by helping them to initiate, maintain or terminate relationships.

d6604 Assisting others in nutrition Assisting household members and others with their nutrition, such as by helping them to prepare and eat meals.

d6605 Assisting others in health maintenance Assisting household members and others with formal and informal health care, such as by ensuring that a child gets regular medical check-ups, or that an elderly relative takes required medication.

d6608 Assisting others, other specified

d6609 Assisting others, unspecified

d669 Caring for household objects and assisting others, other specified and unspecified

d698 Domestic life, other specified

d699 Domestic life, unspecified

158 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d6600 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ¡“™‘°„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß ‡™àπ °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâ Õ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√, °“√Õ“∫πÈ”·≈–·µàßµ—«; °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡¥Á°À√◊Õ ¡“™‘°„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ∑’Ë°”≈—߉¡à ∫“¬À√◊Õ¡’ªí≠À“‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õߢ—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π; ™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√„™âÀâÕßπÈ” d6601 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ¡“™‘°„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·≈–„π°“√ÕÕ°πÕ° ∫â“𠇙àπ „π≈–·«°∫â“πÀ√◊Õ„π‡¡◊Õß, °“√‰ª·≈–°≈—∫®“°‚√߇√’¬π, ∂“π∑’Ë ∑”ß“πÀ√◊Õ∑’ËÕ◊ËπÊ d6602 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π°“√µ◊¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√ °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ¡“™‘°„π§√—«‡√◊ÕπÀ√◊ÕºâÕŸ ◊Ëπ „π°“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√ ‡™àπ ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ„π ‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√查, °“√‡¢’¬πÀ√◊Õ°“√Õà“π d6603 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ¡“™‘°„π§√—«‡√◊ÕπÀ√◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕߪؑ°‘√‘¬“√à«¡∑’Ë¡’µàÕ∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ë𠇙àπ °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ, §ßÀ√◊Õ®∫ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å d6604 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕß‚¿™π“°“√ °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ¡“™‘°„π§√—«‡√◊ÕπÀ√◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕßÕ“À“√ ‡™àπ °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ„π °“√‡µ√’¬¡·≈–√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√ d6605 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“ ÿ¢¿“æ °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ¡“™‘°„π§√—«‡√◊ÕπÀ√◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ ∑—Èß·∫∫∑Ë’ ‡ªìπ·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ ‡™àπ °“√¥Ÿ·≈„À⇥Á°Ê ‰¥â√—∫°“√µ√«® ÿ¢¿“æÕ¬à“ß ¡Ë”‡ ¡ÕÀ√◊Õ¥Ÿ·≈„Àâ≠“µ‘ºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿ √—∫ª√–∑“𬓵“¡∑’˵âÕß°“√ d6608 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d6609 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d669 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘ËߢÕß¿“¬„π∫â“π·≈–°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈– ∑’ˉ¡‰¥à â√–∫√“¬≈–‡Õÿ ’¬¥ d698 ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d699 ™’«‘µ „π§√—«‡√◊Õπ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

158 Activities and Participation ICF Chapter 7 Interpersonal interactions and relationships This chapter is about carrying out the actions and tasks required for basic and complex interactions with people (strangers, friends, relatives, family members and lovers) in a contextually and socially appropriate manner. General interpersonal interactions (d710-d729)

d710 Basic interpersonal interactions Interacting with people in a contextually and socially appropriate manner, such as by showing consideration and esteem when appropriate, or responding to the feelings of others. Inclusions: showing respect, warmth, appreciation, and tolerance in relationships; responding to criticism and social cues in relationships; and using appropriate physical contact in relationships

d7100 Respect and warmth in relationships Showing and responding to consideration and esteem, in a contextually and socially appropriate manner.

d7101 Appreciation in relationships Showing and responding to satisfaction and gratitude, in a contextually and socially appropriate manner.

d7102 Tolerance in relationships Showing and responding to understanding and acceptance of behaviour, in a contextually and socially appropriate manner.

d7103 Criticism in relationships Providing and responding to implicit and explicit differences of opinion or disagreement, in a contextually and socially appropriate manner.

d7104 Social cues in relationships Giving and reacting appropriately to signs and hints that occur in social interactions.

d7105 Physical contact in relationships Making and responding to bodily contact with others, in a contextually and socially appropriate manner.

159 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à ∫∑∑’Ë 7 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ·≈–ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ∫∑π’ȇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√°√–∑”·≈– ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ ”À√—∫ªØ‘°√‘¬“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π·≈–´—∫´âÕπµàÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ §π ·ª≈°Àπâ“, ‡æ◊ËÕπ, ≠“µ‘, ¡“™‘°„π§√Õ∫§√—«·≈–§π√—° „π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑·≈– —ߧ¡ ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈∑—Ë«‰ª (d710-d729) d710 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π °“√· ¥ßªØ‘°‘√‘¬“µàÕ∫ÿ§§≈„π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑·≈– —ߧ¡ ‡™àπ °“√· ¥ß §«“¡§‘¥æ‘®“√≥“·≈–°“√¬°¬àÕß∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡À√◊Õ°“√µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ √«¡ : °“√· ¥ß§«“¡‡§“√æπ—∫∂◊Õ, §«“¡Õ∫Õÿàπ, °“√‡ÀÁπ§ÿ≥§à“·≈–§«“¡Õ¥°≈—Èπ„π°“√ ¡’ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ; °“√µÕ∫ πÕß «‘æ“°…å«‘®“√≥å —≠≠“≥∑“ß —ߧ¡; ·≈–°“√„™â°“√ —¡º— ∑“ß√à“ß°“¬∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡„π°“√¡’ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ d7100 °“√‡§“√æπ—∫∂◊Õ·≈–§«“¡Õ∫Õÿàπ„π —¡æ—π∏¿“æ °“√· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ·≈–°“√µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ§«“¡§‘¥æ‘®“√≥“·≈–°“√¬°¬àÕß„π≈—°…≥– ∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑·≈– —ߧ¡ d7101 °“√· ¥ß§«“¡™◊Ëπ™¡„π —¡æ—π∏¿“æ °“√· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ·≈–°“√µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®·≈–§«“¡°µ—≠Ꞔπ≈—°…≥–∑’Ë ‡À¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑·≈– —ߧ¡ d7102 °“√¬Õ¡√—∫„π°“√¡’ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ °“√· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ·≈–°“√µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ§«“¡‡¢â“„®·≈–°“√¬Õ¡√—∫惵‘°√√¡„π ≈—°…≥–∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑·≈– —ߧ¡ d7103 °“√«‘æ“°…å«‘®“√≥å„π —¡æ—π∏¿“æ °“√®—¥„Àâ·≈–°“√µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ§«“¡·µ°µà“ß∑“ߧ«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπÀ√◊Õ¢âÕ¢—¥·¬âß∑’Ë · ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπÕ¬à“ß™—¥‡®π „π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑·≈– —ߧ¡ d7104 —≠≠“≥∑“ß —ߧ¡„π —¡æ—π∏¿“æ °“√„Àâ·≈–°“√µÕ∫‚µâ∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µàÕ —≠≠“≥·≈–¢âÕ·π–π”∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ „πªØ‘°‘√‘¬“ ∑“ß —ߧ¡ d7105 °“√ ¡º— — ∑“ß°“¬„π —¡æ—π∏¿“æ °“√°√–∑”·≈–°“√µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ°“√ —¡º— ∑“ß√à“ß°“¬°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ „π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑·≈– —ߧ¡

159 Activities and Participation ICF

d7108 Basic interpersonal interactions, other specified

d7109 Basic interpersonal interactions, unspecified

d720 Complex interpersonal interactions Maintaining and managing interactions with other people, in a contextually and socially appropriate manner, such as by regulating emotions and impulses, controlling verbal and physical aggression, acting independently in social interactions, and acting in accordance with social rules and conventions. Inclusions: forming and terminating relationships; regulating behaviours within interactions; interacting according to social rules; and maintaining social space

d7200 Forming relationships Beginning and maintaining interactions with others for a short or long period of time, in a contextually and socially appropriate manner, such as by introducing oneself, finding and establishing friendships and professional relationships, starting a relationship that may become permanent, romantic or intimate.

d7201 Terminating relationships Bringing interactions to a close in a contextually and socially appropriate manner, such as by ending temporary relationships at the end of a visit, ending long-term relationships with friends when moving to a new town or ending relationships with work colleagues, professional colleagues and service providers, and ending romantic or intimate relationships.

d7202 Regulating behaviours within interactions Regulating emotions and impulses, verbal aggression and physical aggression in interactions with others, in a contextually and socially appropriate manner.

d7203 Interacting according to social rules Acting independently in social interactions and complying with social conventions governing one's role, position or other social status in interactions with others.

d7204 Maintaining social space Being aware of and maintaining a distance between oneself and others that is contextually, socially and culturally appropriate.

d7208 Complex interpersonal interactions, other specified

160 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d7108 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d7109 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d720 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ °“√√—°…“‰«â·≈–°“√®—¥°“√°—∫ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ „π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑·≈– —ߧ¡ ‡™àπ °“√®—¥°“√°—∫Õ“√¡≥å·≈–·√ß°¥¥—π∑“ß®‘µ„®, °“√§«∫§ÿ¡æƒµ‘°√√¡°â“«√â“« ∑“ß«“®“·≈–∑“ß°“¬, °“√°√–∑”Õ¬à“ßÕ‘ √–„πªØ‘°‘√‘¬“∑“ß —ߧ¡·≈–°“√∑”µ“¡°Æ¢Õß —ߧ¡·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’π‘¬¡ √«¡ : °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ·≈–°“√¬ÿµ‘ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ; °“√®—¥°“√°—∫惵‘°√√¡„π¢≥–∑’Ë¡’ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å °“√· ¥ßªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å µ“¡°Ø¢Õß —ߧ¡·≈–°“√√—°…“™àÕß«à“ߢÕß —ߧ¡ d7200 °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ·≈–°“√√—°…“ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π√–¬– —ÈπÀ√◊Õ√–¬–¬“« „π≈—°…≥–∑’Ë ‡À¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑·≈– —ߧ¡ ‡™àπ °“√·π–π”µπ‡Õß, °“√§âπÀ“·≈–°“√ √â“ß ¡‘µ√¿“æ°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ·≈–°“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫‡æ◊ËÕ√à«¡ß“π, °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ´÷ËßÕ“®°≈“¬‡ªìπ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë∂“«√, —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë´“∫´÷ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë π∑™‘ ‘¥™Õ∫ d7201 °“√¬ÿµ‘ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ °“√®∫≈ߢÕߪؑ —¡æ—π∏å„π≈—°…≥–‡À¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑·≈– —ߧ¡ ‡™àπ °“√¬ÿµ‘ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ™—Ë«§√“«À≈—ß®“°°“√‡¬’ˬ¡‡¬◊Õπ ‘Èπ ÿ¥≈ß, °“√¬ÿµ‘ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ ∑’Ë¡’¡“™â“π“π°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ ‡¡◊ËÕ‡æ◊ËÕπ‰¥â¬â“¬‰ªÕ¬Ÿà∑’ˇ¡◊ÕßÕ◊ËπÀ√◊Õ°“√¬ÿµ‘ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫ ‡æ◊ËÕπ∑’Ë∑”ß“π°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡Õ“™’æ·≈–°—∫ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√·≈–°“√¬ÿµ‘ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë√—° ´“∫´÷ÈßÀ√◊Õ π‘∑™‘¥™Õ∫ d7202 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡æƒµ‘°√√¡„π°“√¡’ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å °“√∫—ߧ—∫Õ“√¡≥å·≈–·√ß°¥¥—π∑“ß®‘µ„®, °“√§«∫§ÿ¡ªØ‘°√‘¬“°â“«√â“«∑“ß«“®“ ·≈–∑“ß°“¬ „π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑·≈– —ߧ¡ d7203 °“√· ¥ßªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏嵓¡°Ø¢Õß —ߧ¡ °“√°√–∑”Õ¬à“ßÕ‘ √–„πªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß —ߧ¡·≈–¬Õ¡∑”µ“¡ª√–‡æ≥’π‘¬¡∑’Ë °”Àπ¥∫∑∫“∑ µ”·ÀπàßÀ√◊Õ ∂“π–∑“ß —ߧ¡„π°“√· ¥ßªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏åµàÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ d7204 °“√√—°…“™àÕß«à“ß∑“ß —ߧ¡ °“√√—∫√Ÿâ·≈–√—°…“™àÕß«à“ß√–À«à“ßµπ‡Õß°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µ“¡∫√‘∫∑ —ߧ¡·≈– «—≤π∏√√¡ d7208 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈·∫∫´—∫´âÕπ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

160 Activities and Participation ICF

d7209 Complex interpersonal interactions, unspecified

d729 General interpersonal interactions, other specified and unspecified Particular interpersonal relationships (d730-d779)

d730 Relating with strangers Engaging in temporary contacts and links with strangers for specific purposes, such as when asking for directions or making a purchase.

d740 Formal relationships Creating and maintaining specific relationships in formal settings, such as with employers, professionals or service providers. Inclusions: relating with persons in authority, with subordinates and with equals

d7400 Relating with persons in authority Creating and maintaining formal relations with people in positions of power or of a higher rank or prestige relative to one's own social position, such as an employer.

d7401 Relating with subordinates Creating and maintaining formal relations with people in positions of lower rank or prestige relative to one's own social position, such as an employee or servant.

d7402 Relating with equals Creating and maintaining formal relations with people in the same position of authority, rank or prestige relative to one's own social position.

d7408 Formal relationships, other specified

d7409 Formal relationships, other unspecified

d750 Informal social relationships Entering into relationships with others, such as casual relationships with people living in the same community or residence, or with co-workers, students, playmates or people with similar backgrounds or professions. Inclusions: informal relationships with friends, neighbours, acquaintances, co-inhabitants and peers

161 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d7209 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈·∫∫´—∫´âÕπ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d729 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈∑—Ë«‰ª, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈‡©æ“–√“¬ (d730-d779) d730 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫§π·ª≈°Àπâ“ °“√µ‘¥µàÕ™—Ë«§√“«·≈–°“√‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§π∑’ˉ¡à√Ÿâ®—°°—π‡æ◊ËÕ®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬‡©æ“– ‡™àπ °“√∂“¡À“∑“ßÀ√◊Õ°“√´◊ÈÕ¢Õß d740 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√ °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“懩擖„π ∂“π∑’Ë∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√ ‡™àπ °—∫𓬮â“ß, °—∫§π∑’Ë¡’Õ“™’æµà“ßÊ, À√◊Õ°—∫ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√ √«¡ : °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“®, °—∫§π∑’˵˔°«à“·≈–°—∫§π∑’ˇ ¡Õ°—π d7400 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“® °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫∫ÿ§§≈∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πµ”·Àπàß∑’Ë¡’ Õ”π“®À√◊Õµ”·Àπàß∑’Ë Ÿß°«à“À√◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’™◊ËÕ‡ ’¬ßÕ¬Ÿà„πµ”·Àπàß∑“ß —ߧ¡¢Õß µπ‡Õß ‡™àπ 𓬮â“ß d7401 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫§π∑’˵˔°«à“ °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫∫ÿ§§≈„πµ”·Àπàß∑’˵˔°«à“ À√◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’™◊ËÕ‡ ’¬ß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πµ”·Àπàß∑“ß —ߧ¡¢Õßµπ‡Õß ‡™àπ °—∫≈Ÿ°®â“ßÀ√◊Õ §π√—∫„™â d7402 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫§π∑’ˇ ¡Õ°—π °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫∫ÿ§§≈∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πµ”·Àπàß ¡’µ”·ÀπàßÀ√◊Õ¡’™◊ËÕ‡ ’¬ß„π —ߧ¡¢Õßµπ‡Õß„π√–¥—∫‡¥’¬«°—π d7408 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d7409 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d750 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑“ß —ߧ¡∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ °“√‡¢â“‰ª¡’ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫§πÕ◊Ë𠇙àπ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ‚¥¬∫—߇Ց≠°—∫§π∑’ËÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà„π™ÿ¡™π ‡¥’¬«°—πÀ√◊ÕÕ¬ŸàÀÕæ—°‡¥’¬«°—πÀ√◊Õ°—∫§π∑’Ë∑”ß“π√à«¡°—π, π—°»÷°…“, ‡æ◊ËÕπ‡≈àπÀ√◊Õ§π∑’Ë¡’ ¿Ÿ¡‘À≈—ßÀ√◊ÕÕ“™’æ§≈⓬°—π √«¡ : —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ, ‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π, §π§ÿâπ‡§¬, §π∑’ËÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà√à«¡ °—π·≈–‡æ◊ËÕπ√ÿàπ‡¥’¬«°—π

161 Activities and Participation ICF

d7500 Informal relationships with friends Creating and maintaining friendship relationships that are characterized by mutual esteem and common interests.

d7501 Informal relationships with neighbours Creating and maintaining informal relationships with people who live in nearby dwellings or living areas.

d7502 Informal relationships with acquaintances Creating and maintaining informal relationships with people whom one knows but who are not close friends.

d7503 Informal relationships with co-inhabitants Creating and maintaining informal relationships with people who are co-inhabitants of a house or other dwelling, privately or publicly run, for any purpose.

d7504 Informal relationships with peers Creating and maintaining informal relationships with people who share the same age, interest or other common feature.

d7508 Informal social relationships, other specified

d7509 Informal social relationships, unspecified

d760 Family relationships Creating and maintaining kinship relationships, such as with members of the nuclear family, extended family, foster and adopted family and step-relationships, more distant relationships such as second cousins, or legal guardians. Inclusions: parent-child and child-parent relationships, sibling and extended family relationships

d7600 Parent-child relationships Becoming and being a parent, both natural and adoptive, such as by having a child and relating to it as a parent or creating and maintaining a parental relationship with an adoptive child, and providing physical, intellectual and emotional nurture to one's natural or adoptive child.

d7601 Child-parent relationships Creating and maintaining relationships with one's parent, such as a young child obeying his or her parents or an adult child taking care of his or her elderly parents.

162 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d7500 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫ ‡æ◊ËÕπ °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“¡‘µ√¿“æ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–Õÿªπ‘ —¬¬°¬àÕß´÷Ëß°—π·≈– °—π·≈–¡’§«“¡ π„®‡À¡◊Õπ°—π d7501 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫§π∑’ËÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà„°≈⇧’¬ß°—π À√◊ÕÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà„πæ◊Èπ∑’ˇ¥’¬«°—π d7502 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫§π∑’Ë√Ÿâ®—°°—π °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫§π∑’Ë√Ÿâ®—°°—π ·µà‰¡à‰¥â‡ªìπ ‡æ◊ËÕπ π‘∑°—π d7503 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫ºŸâ∑Ëæ’ —°Õ“»—¬√à«¡°—π °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫§π∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà√à«¡°—π „π∫â“π À√◊Õ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà à«π∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ “∏“√≥–∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà√à«¡°—π ‡æ◊ËÕ«—µ∂ÿ ª√– ߧåÕ¬à“ß„¥Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß d7504 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ√ÿà𠇥’¬«°—π °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫§π∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π«—¬‡¥’¬«°—π ¡’§«“¡ π„®À√◊Õ¡’≈—°…≥–∑à“∑“߇À¡◊Õπ°—π d7508 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d7509 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d760 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ„π§√Õ∫§√—« °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ¢Õ߇§√◊Õ≠“µ‘ ‡™àπ °—∫ ¡“™‘°„π§√Õ∫§√—«‡¥’ˬ«, §√Õ∫§√—«¢¬“¬, §√Õ∫§√—«∑’Ë√—∫‡≈’ȬߥŸ·≈–§√Õ∫§√—«∫ÿ≠∏√√¡·≈– —¡æ—π∏¿“æ¢ÕßæàÕ‡≈’È¬ß ·¡à‡≈’È¬ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ ‡™àπ ≈Ÿ°æ’Ë≈Ÿ°πâÕß√ÿàπ∑’Ë 2 À√◊ÕºŸâª°§√Õßµ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬ √«¡ : —¡æ—π∏¿“æ¢ÕßæàÕ·¡à°—∫≈Ÿ°·≈–≈Ÿ°°—∫æàÕ·¡à, —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ßæ’ËπâÕß ·≈– ≠“µÀ‘ “ßÊà d7600 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ßæàÕ·¡à°—∫≈Ÿ° °“√°≈“¬‡ªìπæàÕ·¡àÀ√◊Õ°“√‡ªìπæàÕ·¡à∑—Èß‚¥¬∏√√¡™“µ‘·≈–‚¥¬√—∫‡ªìπ∫ÿµ√∫ÿ≠ ∏√√¡ ‡™àπ °“√¡’≈Ÿ°·≈–¡’°“√‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—π‡À¡◊Õπ‡ªìπæàÕ·¡àÀ√◊Õ°“√ √â“ß·≈– °“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ßæàÕ·¡à°—∫∫ÿµ√∫ÿ≠∏√√¡·≈–°“√„Àâ°“√‡≈’ȬߥŸ Õ∫√¡ ∑—Èß∑“ß°“¬ ®‘µ„® ·≈–Õ“√¡≥å·°à∫ÿµ√·∑âÊ À√◊Õ∫ÿµ√∫ÿ≠∏√√¡ d7601 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß ≈Ÿ° °—∫ æàÕ·¡à °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫æàÕ·¡à¢Õßµπ ‡™àπ ≈Ÿ°„π«—¬‡¥Á°‡™◊ËÕøíßæàÕ ·¡à¢ÕßµπÀ√◊Õ≈Ÿ°„π«—¬ºŸâ„À≠य़·≈æàÕ·¡à∑’Ë·°à™√“

162 Activities and Participation ICF

d7602 Si bling relationships Creating and maintaining a brotherly or sisterly relationship with a person who shares one or both parents by birth, adoption or marriage.

d7603 Extended family relationships Creating and maintaining a family relationship with members of one's extended family, such as with cousins, aunts and uncles and grandparents.

d7608 Family relationships, other specified

d7609 Family relationships, unspecified

d770 Intimate relationships Creating and maintaining close or romantic relationships between individuals, such as husband and wife, lovers or sexual partners. Inclusions: romantic, spousal and sexual relationships

d7700 Romantic relationships Creating and maintaining a relationship based on emotional and physical attraction, potentially leading to long-term intimate relationships.

d7701 Spousal relationships Creating and maintaining an intimate relationship of a legal nature with another person, such as in a legal marriage, including becoming and being a legally married wife or husband or an unmarried spouse.

d7702 Sexual relationships Creating and maintaining a relationship of a sexual nature, with a spouse or other partner.

d7708 Intimate relationships, other specified

d7709 Intimate relationships, unspecified

d779 Particular interpersonal relationships, other specified and unspecified

d798 Interpersonal interactions and relationships, other specified

d799 Interpersonal interactions and relationships, unspecified

163 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d7602 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ßæ’ËπâÕß °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ßæ’Ë™“¬ πâÕß™“¬À√◊Õæ’Ë “« πâÕß “« °—∫ºŸâ∑’ˇ°‘¥√à«¡∫‘¥“À√◊Õ¡“√¥“À√◊Õ√à«¡∫‘¥“¡“√¥“‡¥’¬«°—πÀ√◊Õ®“°°“√√—∫‡ªìπ∫ÿµ√ ∫ÿ≠∏√√¡À√◊Õ®“°°“√·µàßß“π d7603 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ¢Õß ¡“™‘°§√Õ∫§√—«°—∫≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ ‡™àπ °—∫≠“µ‘∑’ˇªìπ≈Ÿ°æ’Ë≈Ÿ°πâÕß ªÑ“·≈–≈ÿß·≈–ªŸÉ¬à“µ“¬“¬ d7608 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ„π§√Õ∫§√—«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d7609 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ„π§√Õ∫§√—«, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d770 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë π‘∑™‘¥™Õ∫°—π °“√ √â“ß ·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë„°≈♑¥·≈–√—°Õ¬à“ß≈÷°´÷Èß√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ‡™àπ “¡’ ¿√√¬“, §Ÿà√—°À√◊ÕºŸâ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß‡æ» √«¡ : —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡√—°´“∫´÷Èß, —¡æ—π∏¿“æ¢Õß™’«‘µ§Ÿà·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß‡æ» d7700 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ·∫∫≈÷°´÷Èß °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¡’æ◊Èπ∞“π∑“ߥâ“πÕ“√¡≥å·≈–§«“¡¥÷ߥŸ¥∑“ß √à“ß°“¬∑’Ë “¡“√∂𔉪 Ÿà —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë„°≈♑¥ π‘∑ π¡°—π„π√–¬–¬“«π“π d7701 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ¢Õß™’«‘µ§Ÿà °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æÕ¬à“ß π‘∑™‘¥™Õ∫°—π°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπµ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬ ‡™àπ °“√ ¡√ µ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬ √«¡∂÷ß°“√°≈“¬‡ªìπ·≈–°“√‡ªìπ¿√√¬“À√◊Õ “¡’∑’Ë ¡√ ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬À√◊Õ§Ÿà ¡√ πÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬ d7702 §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß‡æ» °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ¢Õß∏√√¡™“µ‘∑“߇滰—∫§Ÿà ¡√ À√◊ÕºŸâ∑’Ë¡’ §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑“߇æ»Õ◊ËπÊ d7708 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë π‘∑™‘¥™Õ∫°—π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d7709 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë π‘∑™‘¥™Õ∫°—π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d779 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈‡©æ“–√“¬, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d798 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å·≈– —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d799 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å·≈– —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

163 Activities and Participation ICF Chapter 8 Major life areas This chapter is about carrying out the tasks and actions required to engage in education, work and employment and to conduct economic transactions. Education (d810-d839)

d810 Informal education Learning at home or in some other non-institutional setting, such as learning crafts and other skills from parents or family members, or home schooling.

d815 Preschool education Learning at an initial level of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce a child to the school-type environment and prepare it for compulsory education, such as by acquiring skills in a day-care or similar setting as preparation for advancement to school.

d820 School education Gaining admission to school, Education, engaging in all school-related responsibilities and privileges, and learning the course material, subjects and other curriculum requirements in a primary or secondary education programme, including attending school regularly, working cooperatively with other students, taking direction from teachers, organizing, studying and completing assigned tasks and projects, and advancing to other stages of education.

d825 Vocational training Engaging in all activities of a vocational programme and learning the curriculum material in preparation for employment in a trade, job or profession.

d830 Higher education Engaging in the activities of advanced educational programmes in universities, colleges and professional schools and learning all aspects of the curriculum required for degrees, diplomas, certificates and other accreditations, such as completing a university bachelor's or master's course of study, medical school or other professional school.

d839 Education, other specified and unspecified

164 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à ∫∑∑’Ë 8 “√– ”§—≠¢Õß™’«‘µ „π∫∑π’ȇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√∑”ß“π·≈–°“√°√–∑”µà“ßÊ ∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ„π°“√‡¢â“‰ª»÷°…“°“√‡¢â“ ∑”ß“π ·≈–°“√√—∫®â“ß·≈–°“√‡¢â“‰ª®—¥°“√∑“߇»√…∞°‘® °“√»÷°…“ (d810-d839) d810 °“√»÷°…“πÕ°√–∫∫ °“√‡√’¬π∑’Ë∫â“πÀ√◊Õ∑’ËÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’ˉ¡à„™à„π ∂“∫—π°“√»÷°…“ ‡™àπ °“√‡√’¬π°«¥«‘™“™à“ß·≈– ∑—°…–Õ◊ËπÊ ®“°æàÕ·¡àÀ√◊Õ ¡“™‘°„π§√Õ∫§√—«À√◊Õ°“√®—¥‚√߇√’¬π„π∫â“π d815 °“√»÷°…“°àÕπ«—¬‡√’¬π °“√‡√’¬π„π√–¥—∫‡√‘Ë¡µâπ¢Õß°“√ Õπ∑’Ë®—¥‰«â„π√Ÿª·∫∫¢—Èπ‡√‘Ë¡µâπ‡æ◊ËÕ·π–π”„À⇥Á°√Ÿâ®—° ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡„π√Ÿª·∫∫‚√߇√’¬π·≈–°“√‡µ√’¬¡§«“¡æ√âÕ¡ ”À√—∫°“√»÷°…“¿“§∫—ߧ—∫ ‡™àπ °“√„À⇥Á°‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π ∂“π¥Ÿ·≈‡¥Á°À√◊Õ„π ∂“π∑’Ë∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–„°≈⇧’¬ß°—π ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√ ‡µ√’¬¡‡¥Á°„Àâ°â“«µàÕ‰ª„π‚√߇√’¬π d820 °“√»÷°…“„π‚√߇√’¬π °“√‡¢â“‚√߇√’¬π, °“√»÷°…“, °“√‡¢â“‚√߇√’¬π∑ÿ°ª√–‡¿∑∑’Ë¡’Àπâ“∑’˧«“¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫·≈– ‘∑∏‘摇»…∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√®—¥°“√»÷°…“·≈–°“√‡√’¬πÀ≈—° Ÿµ√«‘™“µà“ßÊ ·≈–À≈—° Ÿµ√ Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’˵âÕß°“√ ”À√—∫°“√‡√’¬π„π√–¥—∫ª√–∂¡»÷°…“À√◊Õ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ √«¡∂÷ß°“√‰ª ‚√߇√’¬πÕ¬à“ß ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ °“√∑”ß“π√à«¡°—π°—∫π—°‡√’¬π§πÕ◊Ëπ, °“√√—∫§” —Ëß Õπ®“°§√Ÿ, °“√®—¥°“√, °“√»÷°…“·≈–°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫¡Õ∫À¡“¬®π‡ √Á® ¡∫Ÿ√≥å ·≈–‚§√ß°“√µà“ßÊ ·≈–¡’§«“¡°â“«Àπâ“¢÷Èπ‰ª„π√–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“∑’Ë Ÿß¢÷Èπ d825 °“√Ω°Õ“™ñ æ’ °“√‡¢â“‰ª√à«¡„π°‘®°√√¡‚ª√·°√¡Õ“™’æ∑ÿ°ª√–‡¿∑·≈–°“√‡√’¬πÀ≈—° Ÿµ√„π°“√‡µ√’¬¡ §«“¡æ√âÕ¡ ”À√—∫°“√®â“ßß“π„π∏ÿ√°‘®§â“ °“√∑”ß“πÀ√◊ÕÕ“™’æ d830 °“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫ Ÿß °“√‡¢â“‰ª√à«¡„π°‘®°√√¡‚ª√·°√¡°“√»÷°…“„π√–¥—∫ Ÿß„π¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬, «‘∑¬“≈—¬·≈– ‚√߇√’¬πÕ“™’æµà“ßÊ ·≈–°“√‡√’¬π∑ÿ°ª√–‡¿∑¢ÕßÀ≈—° Ÿµ√∑’˵âÕß°“√ ”À√—∫ª√‘≠≠“, Õπÿª√‘≠≠“, ª√–°“»π’¬∫—µ√·≈–Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’ˇ™◊ËÕ∂◊Õ‰¥â ‡™àπ °“√ ”‡√Á®°“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫ª√‘≠≠“ µ√’ À√◊ÕÀ≈—° Ÿµ√ª√‘≠≠“‚∑‚√߇√’¬π·æ∑¬åÀ√◊Õ‚√߇√’¬π«‘™“™’æÕ◊ËπÊ d839 °“√»÷°…“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

164 Activities and Participation ICF Work and employment (d840-d859)

d840 Apprenticeship (work preparation) Engaging in programmes related to preparation for employment, such as performing the tasks required of an apprenticeship, internship, articling and in-service training. Exclusion: vocational training (d825)

d845 Acquiring, keeping and terminating a job Seeking, finding and choosing employment, being hired and accepting employment, maintaining and advancing through a job, trade, occupation or profession, and leaving a job in an appropriate manner. Inclusions: seeking employment; preparing a resume or curriculum vitae; contacting employers and preparing interviews; maintaining a job; monitoring one's own work performance; giving notice; and terminating a job

d8450 Seeking employment Locating and choosing a job, in a trade, profession or other form of employment, and performing the required tasks to get hired, such as showing up at the place of employment or participating in a job interview.

d8451 Maintaining a job Performing job-related tasks to keep an occupation, trade, profession or other form of employment, and obtaining promotion and other advancements in employment.

d8452 Terminating a job Leaving or quitting a job in the appropriate manner.

d8458 Acquiring, keeping and terminating a job, other specified

d8459 Acquiring, keeping and terminating a job, unspecified

d850 Remun erative employment Engaging in all aspects of work, as an occupation, trade, profession or other form of employment, for payment, as an employee, full or part time, or self-employed, such as seeking employment and getting a job, doing the required tasks of the job, attending work on time as required, supervising other workers or being supervised, and performing required tasks alone or in groups. Inclusions: self-employment, part-time and full-time employment

165 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à °“√∑”ß“π·≈–°“√√—∫®â“ß (d840-d859) d840 °“√Ωñ°ß“π (°“√‡µ√’¬¡µ—« ”À√—∫°“√∑”ß“π) °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π‚ª√·°√¡∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡µ√’¬¡ ”À√—∫°“√√—∫®â“ß∑”ß“π ‡™àπ °“√∑”ß“π ∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ ”À√—∫°“√Ωñ°ß“π °“√Ωñ°ß“π„π ∂“π∑’Ë∑’Ë°”Àπ¥„Àâ·≈–°“√Ωñ°ß“π„π√–À«à“ß ∑”ß“π ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√Ωñ°Õ“™’æ d845 °“√‰¥âß“π∑”, °“√√—°…“ß“π∑’Ë∑”Õ¬Ÿà·≈–°“√¬ÿµ‘°“√∑”ß“π °“√· «ßÀ“ß“π∑” °“√À“ß“π·≈–°“√‡≈◊Õ°ß“π °“√√—∫®â“ß·≈–°“√‰¥â√—∫°“√®â“ßß“π °“√ √—°…“ß“π∑’Ë∑”Õ¬Ÿà·≈–§«“¡°â“«Àπâ“„πÀπâ“∑’Ë°“√ß“π °“√§â“¢“¬ °“√‰¥â√—∫∫√√®ÿ„Àâ∑”ß“π À√◊Õ°“√∑”ß“π Õ“™’æ ·≈–°“√ÕÕ°®“°ß“π„π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ √«¡ : °“√· «ßÀ“ß“π∑” : °“√‡µ√’¬¡ª√–«—µ‘°“√»÷°…“ : °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫𓬮â“ß·≈– °“√‡µ√’¬¡µ—« —¡¿“…≥å : °“√√—°…“ß“π∑’Ë∑”Õ¬Ÿà; °“√√“¬ß“πº≈°“√∑”ß“π¢Õßµπ‡Õß; °“√ „Àâ¢âÕ —߇°µ·≈–°“√ÕÕ°®“°ß“π d8450 °“√· «ßÀ“ß“π∑” °“√À“ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π·≈–°“√‡≈◊Õ°ß“π∑’Ë®–∑”„π°“√§â“¢“¬„πÕ“™’æÀ√◊Õ°“√√—∫®â“ß „π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–°“√°√–∑”‡æ◊ËÕ„À≥â√—∫°“√®â“ßß“π ‡™àπ °“√· ¥ß ∂“π∑’Ë ∑”ß“πÀ√◊Õ°“√‰ª —¡¿“…≥å‡æ◊ËÕ‡¢â“∑”ß“π d8451 °“√√—°…“ß“π∑’Ë∑”Õ¬Ÿà °“√°√–∑”∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ß“π‡æ◊ËÕ‡°Á∫√—°…“ß“π∑’Ë∑”Õ¬Ÿà ß“π§â“¢“¬ ß“πÕ“™’æÀ√◊Õ ß“π√—∫®â“ß„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–°“√‰¥â‡≈◊ËÕπµ”·Àπàß·≈–‰¥â√—∫§«“¡°â“«Àπâ“Õ◊ËπÊ „πß“π∑’Ë∑”Õ¬Ÿà d8452 °“√¬ÿµ‘°“√∑”ß“π °“√ÕÕ°®“°ß“πÀ√◊Õ°“√‡≈‘°∑”ß“π„π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ d8458 °“√‰¥âß“π, °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“ß“π·≈–°“√¬ÿµ‘°“√∑”ß“π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ÕπÊ◊Ë d8459 °“√‰¥âß“π, °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“ß“π·≈–°“√¬ÿµ‘°“√∑”ß“π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d850 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π °“√‡¢â“‰ª∑”ß“π„π∑ÿ°ª√–‡¿∑ ß“π√—∫®â“ß ß“π§â“¢“¬ ß“πÕ“™’æÀ√◊Õß“π√—∫®â“ß„π√Ÿª·∫∫ Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’ˉ¥â√—∫§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π‡ªìπ≈Ÿ°®â“߇µÁ¡‡«≈“À√◊Õ‰¡à‡µÁ¡‡«≈“À√◊Õ°“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ ¢Õßµπ‡Õß ‡™àπ °“√À“ß“π·≈–°“√‰¥âß“π °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫¡Õ∫À¡“¬ °“√‡¢â“∑”ß“π µ√߇«≈“∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ °“√µ√«®ß“π¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ·≈–°“√„À⺟âÕ◊Ëπµ√«®ß“π¢Õßµπ·≈–°“√∑”ß“π µ“¡Àπâ“∑’Ë§π‡¥’¬«À√◊Õ∑”‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ √«¡ : °“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ¢Õßµπ‡Õß, °“√∑”ß“π‰¡à‡µÁ¡‡«≈“·≈–‡µÁ¡‡«≈“

165 Activities and Participation ICF

d8500 Self-employment Engaging in remunerative work sought or generated by the individual, or contracted from others without a formal employment relationship, such as migratory agricultural work, working as a free-lance writer or consultant, short-term contract work, working as an artist or crafts person, owning and running a shop or other business. Exclusions: part-time and full-time employment (d8501, d8502)

d8501 Part-time employment Engaging in all aspects of work for payment on a part-time basis, as an employee, such as seeking employment and getting a job, doing the tasks required of the job, attending work on time as required, supervising other workers or being supervised, and performing required tasks alone or in groups.

d8502 Full-time employment Engaging in all aspects of work for payment on a full-time basis, as an employee, such as seeking employment and getting a job, doing the required tasks of the job, attending work on time as required, supervising other workers or being supervised, and performing required tasks alone or in groups.

d8508 Remunerative employment, other specified

d8509 Remunerative employment, unspecified

d855 Non-remunerative employment Engaging in all aspects of work in which pay is not provided, full-time or part-time, including organized work activities, doing the required tasks of the job, attending work on time as required, supervising other workers or being supervised, and performing required tasks alone or in groups, such as volunteer work, charity work, working for a community or religious group without remuneration, working around the home without remuneration. Exclusion: Chapter 6 Domestic Life

d859 Work and employment, other specified and unspecified Economic life (d860-d879)

d860 Basic economic transactions Engaging in any form of simple economic transaction, such as using money to purchase food or bartering, exchanging goods or services; or saving money.

166 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d8500 °“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æÕ‘ √– °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫§à“®â“ß∑’ËÀ“¡“‰¥âÀ√◊Õ∑”„À⇰‘¥¢÷Èπ‚¥¬∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ°“√‰¥â√—∫ —≠≠“ °“√®â“ßß“π∑’ˉ¡à¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏凪ìπ∑“ß°“√ ‡™àπ ß“π‡°…µ√°√√¡∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπÀ≈—° ·À≈àß °“√√—∫®â“ß∑”ß“π‡ªìππ—°‡¢’¬πÕ‘ √–À√◊Õ‡ªìπ∑’˪√÷°…“ß“π∑’Ë∑” —≠≠“√–¬– —Èπ, °“√∑”ß“π‡ªìπ»‘≈ªîπÀ√◊Õ™à“ßΩï¡◊Õ, °“√‡ªìπ‡®â“¢Õß√â“π§â“À√◊Õß“π∏ÿ√°‘®Õ◊ËπÊ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π·∫∫‰¡à‡µÁ¡‡«≈“ ·≈– ‡µÁ¡‡«≈“ (d8501-d8502) d8501 °“√∑”ß“π‰¡à‡µÁ¡‡«≈“ °“√‡¢â“∑”ß“π∑ÿ°ª√–‡¿∑ ”À√—∫§à“®â“ß∑’Ë∑”ß“π‰¡à‡µÁ¡‡«≈“„π∞“π–≈Ÿ°®â“ß ‡™àπ °“√À“ß“π·≈–°“√‰¥âß“π, °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫¡Õ∫À¡“¬·≈–°“√‡¢â“∑”ß“πµ√ßµ“¡ ‡«≈“∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ °“√µ√«®ß“π¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ·≈–°“√„À⺟âÕ◊Ëπµ√«®ß“π¢Õßµπ‡Õß ·≈– °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°”Àπ¥§π‡¥’¬«À√◊Õ∑”‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ d8502 °“√∑”ß“π‡µÁ¡‡«≈“ °“√‡¢â“∑”ß“π„π∑ÿ°ª√–‡¿∑ ”À√—∫§à“®â“ß∑’Ë∑”ß“π‡µÁ¡‡«≈“„π∞“π–≈Ÿ°®â“ß ‡™àπ °“√À“ß“π·≈–°“√‰¥âß“π, °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫¡Õ∫À¡“¬·≈–°“√‡¢â“∑”ß“πµ√ßµ“¡ ‡«≈“∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ °“√µ√«®ß“π¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ·≈–°“√„À⺟âÕ◊Ëπµ√«®ß“π¢Õßµπ‡Õß·≈–°“√ ∑”ß“π∑’Ë°”Àπ¥§π‡¥’¬«À√◊Õ∑”‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ d8508 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d8509 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d855 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π °“√‡¢â“∑”ß“π∑ÿ°ª√–‡¿∑∑’ˉ¡à¡’§à“®â“ß®—¥‰«â„Àâ∑—Èßß“π∑’Ë∑”‡µÁ¡‡«≈“·≈–‰¡à‡µÁ¡‡«≈“ √«¡∑—Èß°‘®°√√¡¢Õßß“π∑’Ë®—¥¢÷Èπ °“√∑” ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ ”À√—∫ß“ππ—Èπ °“√‡¢â“∑”ß“πµ√ßµ“¡ ‡«≈“∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ °“√µ√«®ß“π¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ·≈–°“√„À⺟âÕ◊Ëπµ√«®ß“π¢Õßµπ‡Õß·≈–°“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë °”Àπ¥§π‡¥’¬«À√◊Õ∑”‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ ‡™àπ °“√∑”ß“π‡ªìπÕ“ “ ¡—§√ °“√∑”ß“π°“√°ÿ»≈ °“√∑”ß“π ”À√—∫™ÿ¡™πÀ√◊Õß“π∑“ß»“ π“‚¥¬‰¡à‰¥â‡ß‘π§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫∑∑’Ë 6 ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ d859 ß“π·≈–°“√√—∫®â“ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ™’«‘µ∑“߇»√…∞°‘® (d860-d879) d860 °“√®—¥°“√∑“߇»√…∞°‘®¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π °“√‡¢â“‰ª®—¥°“√∑“߇»√…∞°‘®·∫∫ßà“¬Ê Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷ËßÕ¬à“ß„¥ ‡™àπ °“√„™â®à“¬‡ß‘π„π°“√´◊ÈÕ À“Õ“À“√À√◊Õ°“√·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ ‘π§â“ °“√·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ ‘π§â“À√◊Õ∫√‘°“√À√◊Õ°“√ÕÕ¡‡ß‘π

166 Activities and Participation ICF

d865 Complex economic transac tions Engaging in any form of complex economic transaction that involves the exchange of capital or property, and the creation of profit or economic value, such as buying a business, factory, or equipment, maintaining a bank account, or trading in commodities.

d870 Economic self-sufficiency Having command over economic resources, from private or public sources, in order to ensure economic security for present and future needs. Inclusions: personal economic resources and public economic entitlements

d8700 Personal economic resources Having command over personal or private economic resources, in order to ensure economic security for present and future needs.

d8701 Public economic entitlements Having command over public economic resources, in order to ensure economic security for present and future needs.

d8708 Economic self-sufficiency, other specified

d8709 Economic self-sufficiency, unspecified

d879 Economic life, other specified and unspecified

d898 Major life areas, other specified

d899 Major life areas, unspecified

167 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d865 °“√®—¥°“√∑“߇»√…∞°‘® ·∫∫´—∫´âÕπ °“√‡¢â“‰ª®—¥°“√∑“߇»√…∞°‘®·∫∫´—∫´âÕπÕ¬à“ß„¥Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ ∑ÿπ∑√—æ¬åÀ√◊Õ∑√—æ¬å ‘π·≈–°“√ √â“ߺ≈°”‰√À√◊Õ¡Ÿ≈§à“∑“߇»√…∞°‘® ‡™àπ °“√´◊ÈÕ∏ÿ√°‘® ‚√ßß“πÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß„™â °“√√—°…“∫—≠™’‡ß‘π„π∏𓧓√À√◊Õ°“√§â“¢“¬¥â“π‚¿§¿—≥±å d870 °“√æ÷Ëß擵π‡Õß∑“߇»√…∞°‘® °“√§«∫§ÿ¡∑√—欓°√∑“߇»√…∞°‘®®“°·À≈àß à«π∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ “∏“√≥– ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπÀ≈—°ª√–°—𠧫“¡¡—Ëπ§ß∑“߇»√…∞°‘® ”À√—∫§«“¡µâÕß°“√„πªí®®ÿ∫—π·≈–Õ𓧵 √«¡ : ∑√—欓°√∑“߇»√…∞°‘®∑’ˇªìπ¢Õß à«π∫ÿ§§≈·≈–°“√‰¥â√—∫ ‘∑∏‘„π∑√—欓°√∑“ß ‡»√…∞°‘® “∏“√≥– d8700 ∑√—欓°√∑“߇»√…∞°‘® à«π∫ÿ§§≈ °“√§«∫§ÿ¡∑√—欓°√∑“߇»√…∞°‘® à«π∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ à«π‡Õ°™π ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπÀ≈—° ª√–°—𧫓¡¡—Ëπ§ß∑“߇»√…∞°‘® ”À√—∫§«“¡µâÕß°“√„πªí®®ÿ∫—π·≈–Õ𓧵 d8701 °“√‰¥â√—∫ ‘∑∏‘„π∑√—欓°√∑“߇»√…∞°‘® “∏“√≥– °“√§«∫§ÿ¡∑√—欓°√‡»√…∞°‘® “∏“√≥– ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπÀ≈—°ª√–°—𧫓¡¡—Ëπ§ß∑“ß ‡»√…∞°‘® ”À√—∫§«“¡µâÕß°“√„πªí®®ÿ∫—π·≈–Õ𓧵 d8708 °“√æ÷Ëß擵π‡Õß∑“߇»√…∞°‘®, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d8709 °“√æ÷Ëß擵π‡Õß∑“߇»√…∞°‘®, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d879 ™’«‘µ∑“߇»√…∞°‘®, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d898 “√– ”§—≠¢Õß™’«‘µ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d899 “√– ”§—≠¢Õß™’«‘µ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

167 Activities and Participation ICF Chapter 9 Community, social and civic life This chapter is about the actions and tasks required to engage in organized social life outside the family, in community, social and civic areas of life.

d910 Community life Engaging in all aspects of community social life, such as engaging in charitable organizations, service clubs or professional social organizations. Inclusions: informal and formal associations; ceremonies Exclusions: non-remunerative employment (d855); recreation and leisure (d920); religion and spirituality (d930); political life and citizenship (d950)

d9100 Informal associations Engaging in social or community associations organized by people with common interests, such as local social clubs or ethnic groups.

d9101 Formal associations Engaging in professional or other exclusive social groups, such as associations of lawyers, physicians or academics.

d9102 Ceremonies Engaging in non-religious rites or social ceremonies, such as marriages, funerals or initiation ceremonies.

d9108 Community life, other specified

d9109 Community life, unspecified

d920 Recreation and leisure Engaging in any form of play, recreational or leisure activity, such as informal or organized play and sports, programmes of physical fitness, relaxation, amusement or diversion, going to art galleries, museums, cinemas or theatres; engaging in crafts or hobbies, reading for enjoyment, playing musical instruments; sightseeing, tourism and travelling for pleasure. Inclusions: play, sports, arts and culture, crafts, hobbies and socializing Exclusions: riding animals for transportation (d480); remunerative and non-remunerative work (d850 and d855); religion and spirituality (d930); political life and citizenship (d950)

168 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à ∫∑∑’Ë 9 ™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π —ߧ¡ ·≈–™’«‘µ„π∞“𖇪ìπ æ≈‡¡◊Õß ∫∑π’È®–°≈à“«∂÷ß°“√°√–∑”·≈–ß“π∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡¢â“√à«¡„π™’«‘µ∑’Ë®—¥¢÷Èπ¿“¬πÕ°§√Õ∫§√—« „π™ÿ¡™π —ߧ¡·≈–™’«‘µ„π∞“π–æ≈‡¡◊Õß d910 ™«’ µ„π™‘ ¡™πÿ °“√‡¢â“‰ª√à«¡„π™’«‘µ∑“ß —ߧ¡„π™ÿ¡™π∑ÿ°≈—°…≥– ‡™àπ °“√‡¢â“‰ª√à«¡„πÕߧå°√°“√°ÿ»≈ ∫√‘°“√¢Õß ‚¡ √À√◊ÕÕߧå°√∑“ß —ߧ¡¥â“πÕ“™’æ √«¡ : ¡“§¡∑’˵—Èߢ÷Èπ‰¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√·≈–‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ æ‘∏’°“√µà“ßÊ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π (d855); π—π∑π“°“√·≈–°‘®°√√¡¬“¡«à“ß (d920); °‘®°√√¡∑“ß»“ π“·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ (d930); ™’«‘µ∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–§«“¡‡ªìπ æ≈‡¡◊Õß (d950) d9100 ¡“§¡∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π —ߧ¡À√◊Õ ¡“§¡„π™ÿ¡™π∑’Ë ®—¥¢÷Èπ‚¥¬§π∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ π„®‡À¡◊Õπ°—𠇙àπ ‚¡ √ —ߧ¡„π∑âÕß∂‘ËπÀ√◊Õ ‚¡ √¢Õß°≈ÿࡧπ∑’Ë¡’™“µ‘æ—π∏ÿåÀ√◊Õ«—≤π∏√√¡ ‡¥¬«°’ π— d9101 ¡“§¡∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡ —ߧ¡„π°≈ÿà¡Õ“™’懥’¬«°—πÀ√◊Õ°≈ÿà¡Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë·¬°ÕÕ°‰ª ‡™àπ ¡“§¡ ∑𓬧«“¡ ·æ∑¬ ¡“§¡À√◊Õ™¡√¡«‘™“°“√ d9102 æ‘∏’°√√¡ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„πæ‘∏’°“√∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â‡ªìπæ‘∏’∑“ß»“ π“À√◊Õæ‘∏’°“√∑“ß —ߧ¡ ‡™àπ æ‘∏’ ¡ß§≈ ¡√ æ‘∏’»æÀ√◊Õæ‘∏’°“√µâÕπ√—∫µà“ßÊ d9108 ™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d9109 ™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d920 π—π∑π“°“√·≈–°‘®°√√¡¬“¡«à“ß °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π°‘®°√√¡°“√‡≈àπÕ¬à“ß„¥Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß °“√‡¢â“√à«¡°‘®°√√¡π—π∑π“°“√À√◊Õ °‘®°√√¡¬“¡«à“ß ‡™àπ °“√‡≈àπ°’Ó∑’Ë®—¥¢÷ÈπÕ¬à“߉¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ °“√®—¥‚ª√·°√¡°“√ÕÕ° °”≈—ß°“¬ °“√ºàÕπ§≈“¬ °“√À“§«“¡ πÿ° π“πÀ√◊Õ§«“¡ π„®Õ◊ËπÊ, °“√‰ª¥Ÿ»‘≈ª–¿“æ «“¥ °“√‰ª‡¬’ˬ¡™¡æ‘æ‘∏¿—≥±å °“√¥Ÿ¿“æ¬πµåÀ√◊Õ≈–§√ °“√‰ª√à«¡„πß“π™à“ß»‘≈ªáÀ√◊Õ ß“πÕ¥‘‡√° °“√Õà“π‡æ◊ËÕ§«“¡‡æ≈‘¥‡æ≈‘π °“√‡≈àπ¥πµ√’ °“√‰ª™¡ ∂“π∑’˵à“ßÊ °“√∑àÕß ‡∑’ˬ« √«¡ : °“√‡≈àπ, °’Ó, »‘≈ª–·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡, ß“πÀ—µ∂°√√¡ ß“πÕ¥‘‡√°·≈–°“√ —ߧ¡ ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√¢’Ë —µ«å‡æ◊ËÕ°“√¢π àß (d480); ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π ·≈–ß“π∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫ §à“®â“ß (d850 ·≈– d855); »“ π“ ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ (d930); ™’«‘µ∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß ·≈– °“√‡ªìπæ≈‡¡◊Õß (d950)

168 Activities and Participation ICF

d9200 Play Engaging in games with rules or unstructured or unorganized games and spontaneous recreation, such as playing chess or cards or children's play.

d9201 Sports Engaging in competitive and informal or formally organized games or athletic events, performed alone or in a group, such as bowling, gymnastics or soccer.

d9202 Arts and culture Engaging in, or appreciating, fine arts or cultural events, such as going to the theatre, cinema, museum or art gallery, or acting in a play, reading for enjoyment or playing a musical instrument.

d9203 Crafts Engaging in handicrafts, such as pottery or knitting.

d9204 Hobbies Engaging in pastimes such as collecting stamps, coins or antiques.

d9205 Soc ializing Engaging in informal or casual gatherings with others, such as visiting friends or relatives or meeting informally in public places.

d9208 Recreation and leisure, other specified

d9209 Recreation and leisure, unspecified

d930 Religion and spirituality Engaging in religious or spiritual activities, organizations and practices for self-fulfilment, finding meaning, religious or spiritual value and establishing connection with a divine power, such as is involved in attending a church, temple, mosque or synagogue, praying or chanting for a religious purpose, and spiritual contemplation. Inclusions: organized religion and spirituality

d9300 Organized religion Engaging in organized religious ceremonies, activities and events.

169 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d9200 °“√‡≈àπ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π°“√‡≈àπ∑’Ë¡’°Æ‡°≥±åÀ√◊Õ‰¡à¡’°Æ‡°≥±åÀ√◊Õ‰¡à‰¥â®—¥¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ ·≈–°“√æ—°ºàÕπÀ¬àÕπ„®∑’ˇªìπª°µ‘«‘ —¬ ‡™àπ °“√‡≈àπÀ¡“°√ÿ°À√◊Õ°“√‡≈àπ¢Õß ‡¥Á° d9201 °’Ó °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π°“√·¢àߢ—π°’Ó·≈–°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡∑’Ë®—¥¢÷ÈπÕ¬à“߉¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√·≈–‡ªìπ ∑“ß°“√À√◊Õ°“√‡≈àπ°’Óª√–‡¿∑µà“ßÊ Õ“®®–‡≈àπ§π‡¥’¬«À√◊Õ‡≈àπ‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ ‡™àπ °“√‡≈àπ‚∫«å≈‘Ëß ¬‘¡π“ µ‘°À√◊Õ°“√‡≈àπøÿµ∫Õ≈ d9202 »≈ª–·≈–«‘ —≤π∏√√¡ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡À√◊Õ· ¥ß§«“¡™◊Ëπ™¡„πß“π»‘≈ª–À√◊Õ«—≤π∏√√¡ ‡™àπ °“√‰ª™¡≈–§√ ¿“æ¬πµ√å æ‘æ‘∏¿—≥±åÀ√◊ÕÀÕ»‘≈ªáÀ√◊Õ√à«¡· ¥ß‡Õß °“√Õà“π‡æ◊ËÕ§«“¡ ‡æ≈‘¥‡æ≈‘πÀ√◊Õ°“√‡≈àπ¥πµ√’ d9203 ß“πÀ—µ∂°√√¡ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„πß“π°“√Ωï¡◊Õ ‡™àπ °“√∑”‡§√◊ËÕߪíôπ¥‘π‡º“À√◊Õ°“√∂—°√âÕ¬ d9204 ß“πÕ¥‘‡√° °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„πß“πÕ¥‘‡√°µà“ßÊ ‡™àπ °“√ – ¡¥«ßµ√“‰ª√…≥’¬“°√ °“√ – ¡ ‡À√’¬≠°…“ª≥åÀ√◊Õ¢Õ߇°à“ d9205 °“√ ߧ¡— °“√‡¢â“√à«¡°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ∑’Ë√«¡µ—«°—πÕ¬à“߉¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√À√◊Õ√«¡µ—«°—π‚¥¬∫—߇Ց≠ ‡™àπ °“√‰ª‡¬’ˬ¡‡æ◊ËÕπÀ√◊Õ≠“µ‘À√◊Õ°“√æ∫ª–°—πµ“¡∑’Ë “∏“√≥–Õ¬à“߉¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ d9208 π—π∑π“°“√·≈–°‘®°√√¡¬“¡«à“ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d9209 π—π∑π“°“√·≈–°‘®°√√¡¬“¡«à“ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d930 »“ π“·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π°‘®°√√¡∑“ß»“ π“À√◊Õ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ„πÕߧå°√·≈–°“√Ωñ° ”À√—∫§«“¡ ”‡√Á®¢Õß µπ‡Õß °“√§âπÀ“§«“¡À¡“¬ §ÿ≥§à“∑“ß»“ π“À√◊Õ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ·≈–°“√ √â“߇æ◊ËÕ°“√µ‘¥µàÕ °—∫Õ”π“®¢Õßæ√–ºŸâ‡ªìπ‡®â“ ‡™àπ °“√‡¢â“‚∫ ∂å ‡¢â“«—¥ ‡¢â“ ÿ‡À√à“À√◊Õ‚∫ ∂å¢Õß»“ 𓬑« °“√ «¥¡πµåÀ√◊Õ°“√√âÕ߇æ≈߇æ◊ËÕ®ÿ¥ª√– ߧå∑“ß»“ π“·≈–°“√µ√÷°µ√Õß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ √«¡ : »“ π“·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑’Ë®—¥„Àâ¡’¢÷Èπ d9300 »“ π“∑’Ë®¥„À— ¡â ¢’ ÷Èπ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„πæ‘∏’∑“ß»“ π“∑’Ë®—¥„Àâ¡’¢÷Èπ °‘®°√√¡·≈–‡Àµÿ°“√≥å∑“ß»“ π“

169 Activities and Participation ICF

d9301 Spirituality Engaging in spiritual activities or events, outside an organized religion.

d9308 Religion and spirituality, other specified

d9309 Rel igion and spirituality, unspecified

d940 Human rights Enjoying all nationally and internationally recognized rights that are accorded to people by virtue of their humanity alone, such as human rights as recognized by the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and the United Nations Standard Rules for the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities (1993); the right to self-determination or autonomy; and the right to control over one's destiny. Exclusion: political life and citizenship (d950)

d950 Political life and citizenship Engaging in the social, political and governmental life of a citizen, having legal status as a citizen and enjoying the rights, protections, privileges and duties associated with that role, such as the right to vote and run for political office, to form political associations; enjoying the rights and freedoms associated with citizenship (e.g. the rights of freedom of speech, association, religion, protection against unreasonable search and seizure, the right to counsel, to a trial and other legal rights and protection against discrimination); having legal standing as a citizen. Exclusion: human rights (d940)

d998 Community, social and civic life, other specified

d999 Community, social and civic life, unspecified

170 ICF °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√«¡à d9301 §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π°‘®°√√¡À√◊Õ‡Àµÿ°“√≥å∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â®—¥¢÷Èπ∑“ß »“ π“ d9308 »“ π“·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d9309 »“ π“·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ d940 ‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π ª√–™“™π„π√–¥—∫ª√–‡∑»·≈–√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»µà“ß°Á‰¥â√—∫ ‘∑∏‘®“°§ÿ≥§«“¡¥’¢Õß ¡πÿ…¬™“µ‘ ‡™àπ °“√‰¥â√—∫ ‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π®“°°“√ª√–°“»¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ Àª√–™“™“µ‘ (1984) ·≈–®“°°Æ¡“µ√∞“π¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ Àª√–™“™“µ‘«à“¥â«¬§«“¡‡ ¡Õ¿“§¢Õß‚Õ°“ ”À√—∫§πæ‘°“√ (1993) ‘∑∏‘„π°“√µ—¥ ‘π„®¥â«¬µπ‡ÕßÀ√◊Õ°“√ª°§√Õßµπ‡Õß·≈– ‘∑∏‘ „π°“√°”Àπ¥™’«‘µ¢Õßµπ‡Õß ‰¡à√«¡ : ™’«‘µ∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–∞“π–°“√‡ªìπæ≈‡¡◊Õß d950 ™’«‘µ∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–∞“π–°“√‡ªìπæ≈‡¡◊Õß °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π —ߧ¡„π™’«‘µ∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–√—∞∫“≈„π∞“π–ª√–™“™π§πÀπ÷Ëß °“√¡’ ∂“π¿“æ∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬„π∞“π–ª√–™“™π·≈–‰¥â√—∫ ‘∑∏‘§«“¡§ÿ⡧√Õß ‡Õ° ‘∑∏‘Ï·≈–Àπâ“∑’Ë ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫∫∑∫“∑¢Õߪ√–™“™π ‡™àπ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡≈◊Õ°µ—Èß·≈–°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√‡¡◊Õß °“√®—¥µ—Èß ¡“§¡∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß °“√‰¥â√—∫ ‘∑∏‘·≈–‡ √’¿“æ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ °“√‡ªìπª√–™“™π (‡™àπ ‡ √’¿“æ„π°“√查 °“√µ—Èß ¡“§¡ °“√π—∫∂◊Õ»“ π“ °“√‰¥â√—∫°“√ §ÿ⡧√Õß®“°°“√∂Ÿ°µ√«®§âπÀ√◊Õ∂Ÿ°®—∫°ÿ¡Õ¬à“߉¡à¡’‡Àµÿº≈ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√‰¥â√—∫§”ª√÷°…“ ·π–π” °“√ Õ∫ «π·≈– ‘∑∏‘∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–°“√§ÿ⡧√Õß®“°°“√‡≈◊Õ°ªØ‘∫—µ‘); °“√¡’ ∂“π¿“æ∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬„π∞“π–∑’ˇªìπª√–™“™π§πÀπ÷Ëß ‰¡à√«¡ : ‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π (d940) d998 ™ÿ¡™π ™’«‘µ∑“ß —ߧ¡ ·≈–∞“π–°“√‡ªìπæ≈‡¡◊Õß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ d999 ™ÿ¡™π ™’«‘µ∑“ß —ߧ¡ ·≈–∞“π–°“√‡ªìπæ≈‡¡◊Õß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

170 Environmental Factors ICF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Definition: Environmental factors make up the physical, social and attitudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives.

Coding environmental factors

Environmental Factors is a component of Part 2 (Contextual factors) of the classification. These factors must be considered for each component of functioning and coded accordingly (see Annex 2).

Environmental factors are to be coded from the perspective of the person whose situation is being described. For example, kerb cuts without textured paving may be coded as a facilitator for a wheelchair user but as a barrier for a blind person.

The first qualifier indicates the extent to which a factor is a facilitator or a barrier. There are several reasons why an environmental factor may be a facilitator or a barrier, and to what extent. For facilitators, the coder should keep in mind issues such as the accessibility of a resource, and whether access is dependable or variable, of good or poor quality, and so on. In the case of barriers, it might be relevant how often a factor hinders the person, whether the hindrance is great or small, or avoidable or not. It should also be kept in mind that an environmental factor can be a barrier either because of its presence (for example, negative attitudes towards people with disabilities) or its absence (for example, the unavailability of a needed service). The effects that environmental factors have on the lives of people with health conditions are varied and complex, and it is hoped that future research will lead to better understanding of this interaction and, possibly, show the usefulness of a second qualifier for these factors.

In some instances, a diverse collection of environmental factors is summarized with a single term, such as poverty, development, rural or urban setting or social capital. These summary terms are not themselves found in the classification. Rather, the coder should separate the constituent factors and code these. Once again, further research is required to determine whether there are clear and consistent sets of environmental factors that make up each of these summary terms.

First qualifier

The following is the negative and positive scale for the extent to which an environmental factor acts as a barrier or a facilitator. A point or separator alone denotes a barrier, and the + sign denotes a facilitator, as indicated below:

171 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡

§”®”°—¥§«“¡ ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡°àÕ„À⇰‘¥¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß°“¬¿“æ, ∑“ß —ߧ¡·≈–∑—»π§µ‘ ´÷ËßÕ“»—¬·≈–¥”‡π‘π™’«‘µ °“√„ à√À— ¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‡ªìπÕߧåª√–°Õ∫„π¿“§∑’Ë ÕߢÕß∫—≠™’®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ (Contextual Factors) ªí®®—¬¥—ß°≈à“«π’È ®–µâÕßæ‘®“√≥“®“°Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑’≈–Õ¬à“ߢÕß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–„™â√À— µ“¡π—Èπ (¥Ÿ¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 2) °“√„ à√À— ¥â“πªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡®–µâÕߥŸ®“°¡ÿ¡¡ÕߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π ∂“π°“√≥åπ—È𠇙àπ ∫“∑«‘∂’ ∑’ˉ¡à¡’æ◊Èπº‘«¢√ÿ¢√–√Õ∫Ê ∫√‘‡«≥¢Õ∫∑’Ë®–ÕÕ°‰ª∑’Ë∂ππ Õ“®®–„Àâ√À— «à“‡ªìπ ‘Ëß∑’ˇÕ◊ÈÕµàÕºŸâ„™â√∂‡¢Áπ ·µà„π¢≥–‡¥’¬«°—π®–„Àâ√À— «à“‡ªìπÕÿª √√§µàÕ§πµ“∫Õ¥ µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥– ∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß«à“‡ªìπªí®®—¬‡°◊ÈÕÀπÿπÀ√◊Õ‡ªìπÕÿª √√§¢Õßªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ ¡’‡Àµÿº≈ À≈“¬Ê Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë “¡“√∂∑”„Àâªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡π—È𠇪ìπªí®®—¬‡°◊ÈÕÀπÿπÀ√◊Õ‡ªìπÕÿª √√§µàÕ§πæ‘°“√ „π°√≥’¢Õßªí®®—¬‡°◊ÈÕÀπÿπºŸâ∑’Ë„ à√À— §«√ ”π÷°Õ¬Ÿà‡ ¡Õ ‡™àπ ∑√—欓°√∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿàπ—Èπ “¡“√∂π”¡“ „™â‰¥âßà“¬À√◊Õ‰¡à, ∑√—欓°√π—Èπ “¡“√∂À“¡“‡Õ߉¥âÀ√◊ÕµâÕßæ÷Ëß擺ŸâÕ◊ËπÀ√◊Õ§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß∑√—欓°√ π—ÈπÊ ¥’À√◊Õ‰¡à¥’·≈–Õ◊ËπÊ „π°√≥’¢ÕßÕÿª √√§®–µâÕߥŸ¥â«¬«à“ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡‡À≈à“π—Èπ °’¥°—Èπ∫ÿ§§≈ æ‘°“√∫àÕ¬§√—È߉À¡·≈–§«“¡‡ªìπÕÿª √√§π—Èπ¡“°πâÕ¬‡æ’¬ß‰¥â¥â«¬·≈– “¡“√∂À≈’°‡≈’ˬ߉¥âÀ√◊Õ‰¡à πÕ°®“°π’È®–µâÕßπ÷°∂÷ߥ⫬«à“ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡’Õ¬ŸàÕ“®®–‡ªìπÕÿª √√§ (µ—«Õ¬à“ß ‡™àπ ∑—»π§µ‘„π ∑“ß≈∫µàÕºŸâæ‘°“√) À√◊Õªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡∫“ßÕ¬à“ß∑’Ë¢“¥‰ª Õ“®®–‡ªìπÕÿª √√§ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °√≥’∑’Ë ‰¡à¡’∫√‘°“√„Àâ°—∫ºŸâæ‘°“√) º≈°√–∑∫¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡µàÕ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’ªí≠À“∑“ß ÿ¢¿“懪ìπ ‡√◊ËÕß´—∫´âÕπ·≈–·µ°µà“ß°—π·≈–À«—߉«â«à“°“√»÷°…“§âπ§«â“„πÕ𓧵®–𔉪 Ÿà§«“¡‡¢â“„®∑’Ë¥’¢÷Èπ ¢Õߪؑ —¡æ—π∏å√à«¡∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ√–À«à“ßªí®®—¬∑—ÈßÀ≈“¬π’È ·≈–À“°‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â®–· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπª√–‚¬™πå ¢Õßµ—«°”Àπ¥§à“µ—«∑’Ë Õß ”À√—∫ªí®®—¬‡À≈à“π—Èπ „π∫“ß°√≥’ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡®–∂Ÿ° √ÿª‰«â‡ªì𠧔§”‡¥’¬« —ÈπÊ ‡™à𠧫“¡¬“°®π, °“√æ—≤π“, „π™π∫∑À√◊Õ∑ÿπ∑“ß —ߧ¡À√◊Õ ‡¡◊Õß„À≠à ´÷Ëß„π ∫—≠™’®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑π—Èπ®–‰¡àæ∫§”‡À≈à“π’È ·µàºŸâ„ à√À— §«√∑’Ë®–·¬°ªí®®—¬µà“ßÊ ‡À≈à“π’ÈÕÕ°¡“ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„ à√À— ¥—ßπ—Èπ®÷߇ªìπ ‘Ëß®”‡ªìπ∑’˧«√®–¡’°“√»÷°…“‡æ◊ËÕ°“√µ—¥ ‘π„®«à“°≈ÿà¡ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡„¥∑’Ë “¡“√∂„™â§”∑’ˇªìπ§”√«¡‡À≈à“π’ȉ¥â µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß §à“∫«°·≈–§à“≈∫¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ®–‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß™’È∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ªìπµ—«™à«¬À√◊Õ°“√‡ªìπÕÿª √√§¢Õßªí®®—¬ ·«¥≈âÕ¡ ®ÿ¥À√◊ÕÀ—«¢âÕ®–‡ªìπµ—«∫Õ°∂÷ߧ«“¡‡ªìπÕÿª √√§ à«π‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬∫«°®–‡ªìπµ—«∫Õ°∂÷ß §«“¡‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬‡À≈◊Õ ¥—ß∑’Ë®–‰¥â· ¥ß‰«â¢â“ß≈à“ßπ’È;

171 Environmental Factors ICF

xxx.0 NO barrier (none, absent, negligible,… ) 0-4% xxx.1 MILD barrier (slight, low,…) 5-24% xxx.2 MODERATE barrier (medium, fair,...) 25-49% xxx.3 SEVERE barrier (high, extreme, …) 50-95% xxx.4 COMPLETE barrier (total,…) 96-100%

xxx+0 NO facilitator (none, absent, negligible,… ) 0-4% xxx+1 MILD facilitator (slight, low,…) 5-24% xxx+2 MODERATE facilitator (medium, fair,...) 25-49% xxx+3 SUBSTANTIAL facilitator (high, extreme, …) 50-95% xxx+4 COMPLETE facilitator (total,…) 96-100%

xxx.8 barrier, not specified xxx+8 facilitator, not specified xxx.9 not applicable

Broad ranges of percentages are provided for those cases in which calibrated assessment instruments or other standards are available to quantify the extent of the barrier or facilitator in the environment. For example, when “no barrier” or a “complete barrier” is coded, this scaling has a margin of error of up to 5%. A “moderate barrier” is defined as up to half of the scale of a total barrier. The percentages are to be calibrated in different domains with reference to population standards as percentiles. For this quantification to be used in a uniform manner, assessment procedures have to be developed through research.

Second qualifier: To be developed.

172 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ xxx. 0 Õÿª √√§ ‰¡à¡’ (‰¡à¡’, ‰¡àª√“°Ø, ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬¡“° ...... ) 0-4% xxx. 1 Õÿª √√§ ‡≈°πÁ Õ¬â (πâÕ¬, µË” ...... ) 5-24% xxx. 2 Õÿª √√§ ª“π°≈“ß (°≈“ß, æÕ„™â ...... ) 25-49% xxx. 3 Õÿª √√§ √ÿπ·√ß ( Ÿß, ∑’Ë ÿ¥ ...... ) 50-95% xxx. 4 ‡ªìπÕÿª √√§∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ (‡ªìπÕÿª √√§‚¥¬ ‘Èπ‡™‘ß ...... ) 96-100% xxx+ 0 ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ‰¡à¡’ (‰¡à¡’, ‰¡àÕ¬Ÿà, ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬¡“° ...) 0-4% xxx+ 1 ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬ ‡≈°πÁ Õ¬â (πâÕ¬, µË” ...... ) 5-24% xxx+ 2 ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬ ª“π°≈“ß (°≈“ß, æÕ„™â ...... ) 25-49% xxx+ 3 ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬ Õ¬à“ß¡“° ( Ÿß, ∑’Ë ÿ¥ ...... ) 50-95% xxx+ 4 ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬ ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ (√«¡À¡¥ .....) 96-100% xxx. 8 Õÿª √√§ ‰¡√–∫à ÿ xxx+ 8 ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬ ‰¡√–∫à ÿ xxx. 9 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß ¡’°“√°”Àπ¥§à“√âÕ¬≈–‡ªìπ™à«ß°«â“ß ”À√—∫°√≥’∑’Ë®–„™âÕÿª°√≥å∑’ˉ¥âª√–‡¡‘π§à“·≈â«À√◊Õ„™â¡“µ√∞“π Õ◊Ëπ „π°“√«—¥√–¥—∫¢ÕßÕÿª √√§À√◊Õ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡Àπ÷ËßÊ °√≥’∑’Ë¡’°“√„ à√À— «à“ 牡ࡒÕÿª √√§é ·≈– ç¡’Õÿª √√§∑—ÈßÀ¡¥é °“√„™â√À— π’È®–¡’ à«π¢ÕߢÕ∫‡¢µ¢Õߧ«“¡º‘¥æ≈“¥‰¥â ∂÷ß 5% ”À√—∫ çÕÿª √√§ª“π°≈“ßé ∂Ÿ°®”°—¥§«“¡„Àâ¡’¢Õ∫‡¢µ∂÷ߧ√÷ËßÀπ÷ËߢÕß√–¥—∫¢ÕßÕÿª √√§ ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ §à“√âÕ¬≈–∑’˪√–‡¡‘π‚¥¬·¬°µ“¡¡‘µ‘µà“ßʵâÕßπ”¡“ª√–‡¡‘π§à“¡“µ√∞“π¢Õߪ√–™“°√π—È𠇙àπ ª√–‡¡‘π§à“‡ªÕ√凴πµå‰∑≈å ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ°“√ª√–‡¡‘π„π‡™‘ßª√‘¡“≥π’ȇªìπ‰ª„π·π«‡¥’¬«°—π®–µâÕß¡’ °“√æ—≤π“°√–∫«π°“√ª√–‡¡‘π¥â«¬°“√∑”«‘®—¬ µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë 2; Õ¬Ÿà√–À«à“ß°“√æ—≤π“

172 Environmental Factors ICF Chapter 1 Products and technology This chapter is about the natural or human-made products or systems of products, equipment and technology in an individual's immediate environment that are gathered, created, produced or manufactured. The ISO 9999 classification of technical aids defines these as "any product, instrument, equipment or technical system used by a disabled person, especially produced or generally available, preventing, compensating, monitoring, relieving or neutralizing" disability. It is recognized that any product or technology can be assistive. (See ISO 9999: Technical aids for disabled persons - Classification (second version); ISO/TC 173/SC 2; ISO/DIS 9999 (rev.).) For the purposes of this classification of environmental factors, however, assistive products and technology are defined more narrowly as any product, instrument, equipment or technology adapted or specially designed for improving the functioning of a disabled person.

e110 Products or substances for personal consumption Any natural or human-made object or substance gathered, processed or manufactured for ingestion. Inclusions: food and drugs

e1100 Food Any natural or human-made object or substance gathered, processed or manufactured to be eaten, such as raw, processed and prepared food and liquids of different consistencies, herbs and minerals (vitamin and other supplements).

e1101 Drugs Any natural or human-made object or substance gathered, processed or manufactured for medicinal purposes, such as allopathic and naturopathic medication.

e1108 Products or substances for personal consumption, other specified

e1109 Products or substances for personal consumption, unspecified

e115 Products and technology for personal use in daily living Equipment, products and technologies used by people in daily activities, including those adapted or specially designed, located in, on or near the person using them. Inclusions: general and assistive products and technology for personal use

173 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∫∑∑’Ë 1 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ „π∫∑π’È®–‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕߢÕߺ≈‘µ¿—≥±å∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà‡Õßµ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘À√◊Õ∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å∑”¢÷Èπ¡“À√◊Õ√–∫∫¢Õß º≈‘µ¿—≥±å, Õÿª°√≥å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈π—ÈπÕ¬Ÿàπ”¡“√«¡, ∑”„À⇰‘¥, º≈‘µ À√◊Õ √â“ß°“√®—¥°≈ÿà¡Õÿª°√≥凧√◊ËÕߙ૬¥â«¬√–∫∫ ISO 9999 ®–°”Àπ¥ ‘Ë߇À≈à“π’ȉ«â«à“‡ªìπ çº≈‘µ¿—≥±å„¥Ê, ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ, Õÿª°√≥åÀ√◊Õ√–∫∫∑“߇∑§π‘§∑’Ë„™â‚¥¬§πæ‘°“√, º≈‘µ¢÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬‡©æ“– À√◊Õ¡’Õ¬Ÿà∑—Ë«‰ª·≈â«, ª°ªÑÕß, ™¥‡™¬, µ‘¥µ“¡, ∫√√‡∑“À√◊Õµ‘¥µ“¡é ¢Õߧ«“¡æ‘°“√ ‡ªìπ∑’Ë√Ÿâ°—π«à“ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‚¥¬„™â‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬‰¥â (‚ª√¥¥Ÿ ISO 9999 : «à“¥â«¬§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ∑“߇∑§π‘§ ”À√—∫ºŸâæ‘°“√-∫—≠™’®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ (©∫—∫∑’Ë Õß); ISO/TC 173/SC 2; ISO/DIS 9999 (©∫—∫∑∫∑«π) ”À√—∫°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡π’È º≈‘µ¿—≥±å‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬ ·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’®–∂Ÿ°®”°—¥§«“¡„Àâ·§∫≈ß«à“ À¡“¬∂÷ß º≈‘µ¿—≥±å„¥Ê, ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ, Õÿª°√≥å À√◊Õ ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë∂Ÿ°ª√—∫À√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡æ◊ËÕª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢Õߧπæ‘°“√ e110 º≈‘µ¿—≥±åÀ√◊Õ “√ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫√‘‚¿§ à«πµ—« «—µ∂ÿÀ√◊Õ “√„¥Ê ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ¡“‡Õßµ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘À√◊Õ∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬åº≈‘µ¢÷Èπ¡“∑’Ë∂Ÿ°®—¥‡°Á∫, ·ª√√Ÿª À√◊Õº≈‘µ¢÷Èπ¡“ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫√‘‚¿§ √«¡ : Õ“À“√·≈–¬“ e1100 Õ“À“√ «—µ∂ÿÀ√◊Õ “√„¥Ê ∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿàµ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘À√◊Õ∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬åº≈‘µ¢÷Èπ¡“∑’Ë∂Ÿ°®—¥‡°Á∫, ·ª√√Ÿª À√◊Õº≈‘µ¢÷Èπ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√√—∫ª√–∑“𠇙àπ Õ“À“√¥‘∫, ·ª√√ŸªÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë∑”·≈â«·≈– ¢Õ߇À≈«™π‘¥µà“ßÊ º—°·≈– ¡ÿπ‰æ√·≈–·√à∏“µÿ ‰«µ“¡‘πÀ√◊ÕÕ“À“√‡ √‘¡Õ◊ËπÊ e1101 ¬“ «—µ∂ÿÀ√◊Õ “√„¥Ê ∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿàµ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘À√◊Õ∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬åº≈‘µ¢÷Èπ¡“∑’Ë∂Ÿ°®—¥‡°Á∫, ·ª√√Ÿª À√◊Õº≈‘µ¢÷Èπ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å ‡™àπ °“√∫”∫—¥∑’ˉ¡à„™â¬“ e1108 º≈‘µ¿—≥±åÀ√◊Õ “√ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫√‘‚¿§ à«πµ—«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e1109 º≈‘µ¿—≥±åÀ√◊Õ “√ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫√‘‚¿§ à«πµ—«, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥√–∫â ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e115 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—«„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—π Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈„™â„π°“√ª√–°Õ∫°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—π √«¡∂÷ß Õÿª°√≥å·≈–º≈‘µ¿—≥±å∑’Ë∂Ÿ°¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊Õ∂Ÿ°ÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»…, ∑’˺Ÿâ„™â¡’Õ¬ŸàÀ√◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà„°≈â µ«º— „™Ÿâ â √«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ∑’ËÕÕ°·∫∫‡æ◊ËÕ°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ”À√—∫°“√„™â à«πµ—«

173 Environmental Factors ICF

e1150 General products and technology for personal use in daily living Equipment, products and technologies used by people in daily activities, such as clothes, textiles, furniture, appliances, cleaning products and tools, not adapted or specially designed.

e1151 Assistive products and technology for personal use in daily living Adapted or specially designed equipment, products and technologies that assist people in daily living, such as prosthetic and orthotic devices, neural prostheses (e.g. functional stimulation devices that control bowels, bladder, breathing and heart rate), and environmental control units aimed at facilitating individuals' control over their indoor setting (scanners, remote control systems, voice-controlled systems, timer switches).

e1158 Products and technology for personal use in daily living, other specified

e1159 Products and technology for personal use in daily living, unspecified

e120 Products and technology for personal indoor and outdoor mobility and transportation Equipment, products and technologies used by people in activities of moving inside and outside buildings, including those adapted or specially designed, located in, on or near the person using them. Inclusions: general and assistive products and technology for personal indoor and outdoor mobility and transportation

e1200 General products and technology for personal indoor and outdoor mobility and transportation Equipment, products and technologies used by people in activities of moving inside and outside buildings, such as motorized and non-motorized vehicles used for the transportation of people over ground, water and air (e.g. buses, cars, vans, other motor-powered vehicles and animal-powered transporters), not adapted or specially designed.

e1201 Assistive products and technology for personal indoor and outdoor mobility and transportation Adapted or specially designed equipment, products and technologies that assist people to move inside and outside buildings, such as walking devices, special cars and vans, adaptations to vehicles, wheelchairs, scooters and transfer devices.

174 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e1150 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—«„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—π Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈„™â„π°“√ª√–°Õ∫°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—𠇙àπ ‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“, ‘Ëß∑Õ, ‡§√◊ËÕ߇√◊Õπ, ‡§√◊ËÕß„™â, Õÿª°√≥å·≈– “√∑’Ë„™â„π°“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥∑’Ë¡‘‰¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… e1151 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—« „π™’«‘µ ª√–®”«—π Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… ‡æ◊Ëՙ૬∫ÿ§§≈ „π°“√ª√–°Õ∫°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—𠇙àπ Õÿª°√≥å‡∑’¬¡·≈–Õÿª°√≥å ‡ √‘¡, Õ«—¬«–‡∑’¬¡√–∫∫ª√– “∑ (‡™à𠇧√◊ËÕß°√–µÿâπ°“√∑”ß“π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡≈”‰ â, °√–‡æ“–ªí “«–, °“√À“¬„®·≈–°“√‡µâπ¢ÕßÀ—«„®) ·≈–Àπ૬§«∫§ÿ¡ ¿“æ ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ߧå‡æ◊ËÕ°“√Õ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°∫ÿ§§≈„π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡§«“¡‡ªìπ Õ¬Ÿà¿“¬„π∫â“π (‡™àπ scanners, √–∫∫°“√§«∫§ÿ¡®“°√–¬–‰°≈, √–∫∫°“√ §«∫§ÿ¡¥â«¬‡ ’¬ß查, ªÿÉ¡‡ªî¥-ªî¥·∫∫µ—È߇«≈“) e1158 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—«„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥Õ’ πÊ◊Ë e1159 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—«„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

e120 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë·≈–°“√‡¥‘π∑“ߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈∑—Èß ¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ° Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈„™â„π°‘®°√√¡¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¿“¬„π·≈– ¿“¬πÕ°µ—«Õ“§“√ ‰¡à«à“®–‡ªìπ™π‘¥∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫‡ªìπ摇»…∑’˺Ÿâ„™â¡’Õ¬Ÿà À√◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà„°≈âµ—«ºŸâ„™â √«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë ·≈–°“√¢π àß∑—Èß¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ° e1200 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë·≈–°“√‡¥‘π∑“ߢÕß ∫ÿ§§≈∑—Èß¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ° Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈„™â„π°‘®°√√¡¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë∑—Èß ¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°µ—«Õ“§“√ ‡™àπ æ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â„π°“√¢π àß∫ÿ§§≈∑“ß∫°, ∑“ßπÈ” ·≈–∑“ßÕ“°“» ∑—Èß™π‘¥∑’Ë„™âÀ√◊Õ‰¡à„™â‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå„π°“√¢—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ (‡™àπ √∂ª√–®” ∑“ß, √∂¬πµå, √∂µŸâ·≈–¬“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë¢—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ¥â«¬‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåÕ◊ËπÊ √«¡∑—Èß æ“Àπ–Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë„™â°”≈—ß®“° —µ«å„π°“√≈“°®Ÿß) ∑’Ë¡‘‰¥â¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ 摇»… e1201 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë·≈– °“√‡¥‘π∑“ߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈∑—Èß¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ° Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑Ë¥’ —¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊Õ‰¥â√—∫°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë∑—Èß¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°Õ“§“√, ‡™àπ Õÿª°√≥å™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ„π°“√‡¥‘π, √∂¬πµå·≈–√∂µŸâ·∫∫摇»…, °“√¥—¥·ª≈߬“π æ“Àπ–, ‡°â“Õ’È≈âÕ‡≈◊ËÕπ, °Ÿµ‡µâÕ√å·≈–Õÿª°√≥å™à«¬„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë

174 Environmental Factors ICF

e1208 Products and technology for personal indoor and outdoor mobility and transportation, other specified

e1209 Products and technology for personal indoor and outdoor mobility and transportation, unspecified

e125 Products and technology for communication Equipment, products and technologies used by people in activities of sending and receiving information, including those adapted or specially designed, located in, on or near the person using them. Inclusions: general and assistive products and technology for communication

e1250 General products and technology for communication Equipment, products and technologies used by people in activities of sending and receiving information, such as optical and auditory devices, audio recorders and receivers, television and video equipment, telephone devices, sound transmission systems and face-to-face communication devices, not adapted or specially designed.

e1251 Assistive products and technology for communication Adapted or specially designed equipment, products and technologies that assist people to send and receive information, such as specialized vision devices, electro-optical devices, specialized writing devices, drawing or handwriting devices, signalling systems and special computer software and hardware, cochlear implants, hearing aids, FM auditory trainers, voice prostheses, communication boards, glasses and contact lenses.

e1258 Products and technology for communication, other specified

e1259 Products and technology for communication, unspecified

e130 Products and technology for education Equipment, products, processes, methods and technology used for acquisition of knowledge, expertise or skill, including those adapted or specially designed. Inclusions: general and assistive products and technology for education

175 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e1208 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë·≈–‡¥‘π∑“ߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈∑—Èß ¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e1209 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë·≈–¢π àߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈∑—Èß ¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e125 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈„™â„π°‘®°√√¡¢Õß°“√√—∫·≈– àߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ √«¡∑—Èß ‘Ëßµà“ßÊ ¥—ß°≈à“«∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫‡ªìπ摇»…∑’˺Ÿâ„™âπ—Èπ¡’Õ¬ŸàÀ√◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà „°≈µâ «º— „™Ÿâ â √«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ e1250 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈„™â„π°‘®°√√¡¢Õß°“√√—∫·≈–°“√ àß ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ ‡™àπ ‚ µ∑—»πŸª°√≥å, ‡§√◊ËÕß∫—π∑÷°‡ ’¬ß·≈–√—∫‡ ’¬ß, ‚∑√∑—»πå ·≈–Õÿª°√≥å«’¥’‚Õ, Õÿª°√≥å‚∑√»—æ∑å, √–∫∫°“√ àß —≠≠“≥‡ ’¬ß·≈–‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë„™â „π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√·∫∫µ—«µàÕµ—«·∫∫∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊Õ‰¡à‰¥âÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… e1251 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫‡ªìπ摇»… ‡æ◊Ëՙ૬∫ÿ§§≈„π°“√√—∫·≈–°“√ àߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ ‡™àπ Õÿª°√≥å摇»…‡æ◊Ëՙ૬°“√ ¡Õ߇ÀÁπ, ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ·∫∫‰øøÑ“, ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ摇»… ”À√—∫°“√‡¢’¬π, ·≈–°“√«“¥√Ÿª ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬°“√‡¢’¬π¥â«¬¡◊Õ, √–∫∫°“√ àß —≠≠“≥·≈– §Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å·≈–´Õøµå·«√å·∫∫摇»…, °“√Ωíߪ√– “∑ÀŸ‡∑’¬¡, ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬øíß, ‡§√◊ËÕß FM ”À√—∫Ωñ°øíß, °≈àÕ߇ ’¬ß‡∑’¬¡, °√–¥“π ”À√—∫ ◊ËÕ “√, ·«à𠓬µ“ ·≈–§Õπ·∑§‡≈π å e1258 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e1259 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e130 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√»÷°…“ Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å, °√–∫«π°“√, «‘∏’°“√·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë„™â„π°“√· «ßÀ“§«“¡√Ÿâ, §«“¡ ‡™’ˬ«™“≠À√◊Õ§«“¡™”π“≠∑—Èß∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√‘◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… √«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª·≈– ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√»÷°…“

175 Environmental Factors ICF

e1300 General products and technology for education Equipment, products, processes, methods and technology used for acquisition of knowledge, expertise or skill at any level, such as books, manuals, educational toys, computer hardware or software, not adapted or specially designed.

e1301 Assistive products and technology for education Adapted and specially designed equipment, products, processes, methods and technology used for acquisition of knowledge, expertise or skill, such as specialized computer technology.

e1308 Products and technology for education, other specified

e1309 Products and technology for education, unspecified

e135 Products and technology for employment Equipment, products and technology used for employment to facilitate work activities. Inclusions: general and assistive products and technology for employment

e1350 General products and technology for employment Equipment, products and technology used for employment to facilitate work activities, such as tools, machines and office equipment, not adapted or specially designed.

e1351 Assistive products and technology for employment Adapted or specially designed equipment, products and technology used for employment to facilitate work activities, such as adjustable tables, desks and filing cabinets; remote control entry and exit of office doors; computer hardware, software, accessories and environmental control units aimed at facilitating an individual's conduct of work-related tasks and aimed at control of the work environment (e.g. scanners, remote control systems, voice-controlled systems and timer switches).

e1358 Products and technology for employment, other specified

e1359 Products and technology for employment, unspecified

176 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e1300 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√»÷°…“ Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å, °√–∫«π°“√, «‘∏’°“√·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√À“§«“¡√Ÿâ §«“¡‡™’ˬ«™“≠·≈–§«“¡™”π“≠„π∑ÿ°√–¥—∫ ‡™àπ Àπ—ß ◊Õ, §Ÿà¡◊Õ, ¢Õ߇≈àπ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ »÷°…“, §Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å·≈–´Õøµ·«√å∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫‡ªìπ摇»… e1301 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√»÷°…“ Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å, °√–∫«π°“√, «‘∏’°“√·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ß À√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√»÷°…“À“§«“¡√Ÿâ, §«“¡‡™’ˬ«™“≠·≈– §«“¡™”π“≠ ‡™àπ ‚¥¬„™â‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å·∫∫摇»… e1308 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√»÷°…“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e1309 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√»÷°…“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e135 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√∑”ß“π Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë„™â„π°“√∑”ß“π‡æ◊ËÕ™à«¬Õ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°„π °‘®°√√¡µà“ßÊ ¢Õßß“π √«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª·≈– ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√ ∑”ß“π e1350 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√∑”ß“π Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë„™â„π°“√∑”ß“π‡æ◊ËÕÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°„π °‘®°√√¡¢Õßß“π ‡™à𠇧√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ ‡§√◊ËÕß®—°√·≈–Õÿª°√≥å ”π—°ß“π∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫°“√ ¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… e1351 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√∑”ß“π Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√∑”ß“π ‡æ◊ËÕÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°„π°‘®°√√¡µà“ßÊ ¢Õßß“π ‡™àπ ‚µä– ª√—∫√–¥—∫, ‚µä–∑”ß“π·≈–µŸâ‡°Á∫‡Õ° “√; ª√–µŸ ”π—°ß“π∑’ˇªî¥ªî¥¥â«¬√–∫∫ §«∫§ÿ¡√–¬–‰°≈, §Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å·≈–´Õøµå·«√å, Õÿª°√≥å‡ √‘¡·≈–Àπ૬ §«∫§ÿ¡¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ߧå„π°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈– §«∫§ÿ¡ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¢Õß ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π (‡™àπ scanners, √–∫∫§«∫§ÿ¡®“°√–¬– ‰°≈, √–∫∫§«∫§ÿ¡‚¥¬„™â‡ ’¬ß查·≈–ªÿÉ¡‡ªî¥-ªî¥·∫∫µ—È߇«≈“‰¥â) e1358 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√«à“®â“ß∑”ß“π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥Õ’ πÊ◊Ë e1359 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√«à“®â“ß∑”ß“π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

176 Environmental Factors ICF

e140 Products and technology for culture, recreation and sport Equipment, products and technology used for the conduct and enhancement of cultural, recreational and sporting activities, including those adapted or specially designed. Inclusions: general and assistive products and technology for culture, recreation and sport

e1400 General products and technology for culture, recreation and sport Equipment, products and technology used for the conduct and enhancement of cultural, recreational and sporting activities, such as toys, skis, tennis balls and musical instruments, not adapted or specially designed.

e1401 Assistive products and technology for culture, recreation and sport Adapted or specially designed equipment, products and technology used for the conduct and enhancement of cultural, recreational and sporting activities, such as modified mobility devices for sports, adaptations for musical and other artistic performance.

e1408 Products and technology for culture, recreation and sport, other specified

e1409 Products and technology for culture, recreation and sport, unspecified

e145 Products and technology for the practice of religion and spirituality Products and technology, unique or mass-produced, that are given or take on a symbolic meaning in the context of the practice of religion or spirituality, including those adapted or specially designed. Inclusions: general and assistive products and technology for the practice of religion and spirituality

e1450 General products and technology for the practice of religion or spirituality Products and technology, unique or mass-produced, that are given or take on a symbolic meaning in the context of the practice of religion or spirituality, such as spirit houses, maypoles, headdresses, masks, crucifixes, menorahs and prayer mats, not adapted or specially designed.

177 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e140 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕß∑“ß«—≤π∏√√¡, —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√°’Ó Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª·≈–∑’Ë¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»…∑’Ë„™â„π ‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√·≈–°“√‡ √‘¡°‘®°√√¡∑“ߥâ“π«—≤π∏√√¡ —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√°’Ó √«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕß∑“ß «—≤π∏√√¡, —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√°’Ó e1400 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕß∑“ß«—≤π∏√√¡, —π∑π“°“√ ·≈–°“√°Ã“’ Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â¥”‡π‘π°“√·≈–‡ √‘¡°‘®°√√¡∑“ߥâ“π «—≤π∏√√¡, —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√°’Ó ‡™àπ ¢Õ߇≈àπ, °’, ≈Ÿ°‡∑ππ‘ ·≈–‡§√◊ËÕß ¥πµ√’ ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… e1401 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕß∑“ß «—≤π∏√√¡, —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√°’Ó Õÿª°√≥å, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â¥”‡π‘π°“√·≈–‡ √‘¡°‘®°√√¡∑“ߥâ“π«—≤π∏√√¡, —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√°’Ó ‡™àπ Õÿª°√≥å∑’˙૬°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«„π°“√‡≈àπ°’Ó, ‡§√◊ËÕߥπµ√’∑’Ë¡’°“√¥—¥·ª≈ß µ≈Õ¥®π»‘≈ª°√√¡°“√· ¥ßÕ◊ËπÊ e1408 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß«—≤π∏√√¡, —π∑π“°“√·≈– °“√°’Ó, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e1409 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß«—≤π∏√√¡, —π∑π“°“√·≈– °“√°’Ó, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e145 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑“ß»“ π“·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’˺≈‘µ¢÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬‡©æ“–À√◊Õº≈‘µ¢÷Èπ¡“„πª√‘¡“≥¡“°∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ À¡“¬„π à«π¢Õß°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘»“ π°‘®À√◊Õ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ ∑—Èß·∫∫∑—Ë«Ê ‰ªÀ√◊Õ∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√ ¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… √«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª·≈– ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑“ß »“ π“À√◊Õ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ e1450 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’™π‘¥∑—Ë«‰ª ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑“ß »“ π“À√◊Õ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’º≈‘µ¢÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬‡©æ“–À√◊Õ∑’˺≈‘µ¢÷Èπ¡“„πª√‘¡“≥¡“°∑’Ë¡’ §«“¡À¡“¬„π à«π¢Õß°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘»“ π°‘®À√◊Õ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊Ë𠇙àπ »“≈æ√–¿Ÿ¡‘, ‡ “ Ÿßª√–¥—∫¥â«¬¥Õ°‰¡â ·≈–√‘∫∫‘Èπ, Àπâ“°“°, ‰¡â°“߇¢π, ‡™‘߇∑’¬π ·≈–æ√¡∑’Ë„™â „π°“√ «¥¡πµå ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â∂Ÿ°¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»…

177 Environmental Factors ICF

e1451 Assistive products and technology for the practice of religion or spirituality Adapted or specially designed products and technology that are given, or take on a symbolic meaning in the context of the practice of religion or spirituality, such as Braille religious books, Braille tarot cards, and special protection for wheelchair wheels when entering temples.

e1458 Products and technology for the practice of religion or spirituality, other specified

e1459 Products and technology for the practice of religion or spirituality, unspecified

e150 Design, construction and building products and technology of buildings for public use Products and technology that constitute an individual's indoor and outdoor human-made environment that is planned, designed and constructed for public use, including those adapted or specially designed. Inclusions: design, construction and building products and technology of entrances and exits, facilities and routing

e1500 Design, construction and building products and technology for entering and exi ting buildings for public use Products and technology of entry and exit from the human- made environment that is planned, designed and constructed for public use, such as design, building and construction of entries and exits to buildings for public use (e.g. workplaces, shops and theatres), public buildings, portable and stationary ramps, power-assisted doors, lever door handles and level door thresholds.

e1501 Design, construction and building products and technology for gaining access to facilities inside buildings for public use Products and technology of indoor facilities in design, building and construction for public use, such as washroom facilities, telephones, audio loops, lifts or elevators, escalators, thermostats (for temperature regulation) and dispersed accessible seating in auditoriums or stadiums.

178 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e1451 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ »“ π°‘®À√◊Õ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊Õ∑’ËÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»…∑’Ë„Àâ §«“¡À¡“¬„π à«π¢Õß°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘»“ π°‘®À√◊Õ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ ‡™àπ Àπ—ß ◊Õ∑“ß »“ π“∑’ˇªìπ Braille, ‰æà∑”𓬂™§™–µ“ (Tarot) ∑’ˇªìπ Braille ·≈–∑“ߢ÷Èπ 摇»… ”À√—∫√∂‡¢Áππ—Ëßµ“¡»“ π ∂“π e1458 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑“ß»“ π“À√◊Õ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e1459 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑“ß»“ π“À√◊Õ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ Õ◊ËπÊ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e150 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–°“√°àÕ √â“ß·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’„π°“√°àÕ √â“ß Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫„™â “∏“√≥– º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ˇªìπ à«πª√–°Õ∫∑—Èß¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°¢Õß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë ¡πÿ…¬å √â“ߢ÷Èπ∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√«“ß·ºπ, ÕÕ°·∫∫·≈–°àÕ √â“ß ”À√—∫°“√„™â “∏“√≥– √«¡∂÷ß à«π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… √«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫, °“√°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫∑“߇¢â“ ÕÕ°, ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°·≈–‡ âπ∑“ßµà“ßÊ e1500 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫∑“߇¢â“ ÕÕ°¢ÕßÕ“§“√ ”À√—∫°“√„™â “∏“√≥– º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß∑“߇¢â“·≈–∑“ßÕÕ°®“° ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å∑”¢÷Èπ∑’Ë ‰¥â√—∫°“√«“ß·ºπ ÕÕ°·∫∫·≈–°àÕ √â“ß ”À√—∫°“√„™â “∏“√≥– ‡™àπ °“√ ÕÕ°·∫∫·≈–°“√°àÕ √â“ß∑“߇¢â“-ÕÕ°¢ÕßÕ“§“√ ”À√—∫°“√„™â “∏“√≥– (‡™àπ ∑’Ë ∑”ß“π √â“π§â“À√◊Õ‚√ß¿“æ¬πµå), Õ“§“√ “∏“√≥–, ∑“ß≈“¥·∫∫∂“«√À√◊Õ‡§≈◊ËÕπ ¬â“¬‰¥â, ª√–µŸÕ—µ‚π¡—µ‘, ·≈–¡◊Õ®—∫ª√–µŸ·∫∫摇»… e1501 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ “¡“√∂ ‡¢â“∂÷ß ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°µà“ßÊ ¿“¬„πÕ“§“√ “∏“√≥– º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°¿“¬„πÕ“§“√∑’ËÕÕ°·∫∫·≈– °àÕ √â“ß ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â‡ªìπ ‘Ëß “∏“√≥– ‡™àπ ÀâÕßπÈ”, ‚∑√»—æ∑å, Õÿª°√≥å‚ µ, ≈‘øµå, ∫—π‰¥‡≈◊ËÕπ, ‡∑Õ√å‚¡¡‘‡µÕ√å, ·≈–∑’Ëπ—Ë߇©æ“–„πÀÕª√–™ÿ¡À√◊Õ π“¡°’Ó

178 Environmental Factors ICF

e1502 Design, construction and building products and technology for way finding, path routing and designation of locat ions in buildings for public use Indoor and outdoor products and technology in design, building and construction for public use to assist people to find their way inside and immediately outside buildings and locate the places they want to go to, such as signage, in Braille or writing, size of corridors, floor surfaces, accessible kiosks and other forms of directories.

e1508 Design, construction and building products and technology of buildings for public use, other specified

e1509 Design, construction and building products and technology of buildings for public use, unspecified

e155 Design, construction and building products and technology of buildings for private use Products and technology that constitute an individual's indoor and outdoor human-made environment that is planned, designed and constructed for private use, including those adapted or specially designed. Inclusions: design, construction and building products and technology of entrances and exits, facilities and routing

e1550 Design, construction and building products and technology for entering and exiting of buildings for private use Products and technology of entry and exit from the human- made environment that is planned, designed and constructed for private use, such as entries and exits to private homes, portable and stationary ramps, power-assisted doors, lever door handles and level door thresholds.

e1551 Design, construction and building products and technology for gaining access to facilities in buildings for private use Products and technology related to design, building and construction inside buildings for private use, such as washroom facilities, telephones, audio loops, kitchen cabinets, appliances and electronic controls in private homes.

179 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e1502 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫ °“√∑”ªÑ“¬∫Õ°∑“ß, ∑“߇¥‘π·≈– ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°„πµ—«Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫°“√„™â “∏“√≥– º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°µ—«Õ“§“√„π°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫·≈– °àÕ √â“ß ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â “∏“√≥–‡æ◊Ëՙ૬∫Õ°∑“ß„πµ—«Õ“§“√·≈–πÕ°µ—«Õ“§“√·≈– µ”·ÀπàߢÕß ∂“π∑’Ë∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈ µâÕß°“√®–‰ª ‡™àπ ªÑ“¬∫Õ°∑“ß∑’ˇªìπÕ—°…√‡∫√≈≈å ·≈–µ—«Àπ—ß ◊Õ, ¢π“¥¢Õß∑“߇¥‘π ≈—°…≥–¢Õßæ◊Èπº‘« µ”·ÀπàߢÕß√â“π§â“‡≈Á°Ê ∑’˧πæ‘°“√‡¢â“∂÷߉¥â·≈–°“√∫Õ°∑“ߥ⫬√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊ËπÊ e1508 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e1509 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥’ e155 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫°“√„™â à«πµ—« º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ˇªìπ à«πÀπ÷ËߢÕß¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡∑—Èß¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å √â“ߢ÷Èπ∑’ˉ¥âÕÕ°·∫∫ «“ß·ºπ·≈–°àÕ √â“ß ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—« √«¡∑—Èß∑’Ë¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊Õ ÕÕ°·∫∫‡ªìπ摇»… √«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√¢Õß∑“߇¢â“ÕÕ°, ‡§√◊ËÕßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«¥·≈–‡ âπ∑“ß e1550 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√¢Õß∑“߇¢â“ ÕÕ°¢ÕßÕ“§“√ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—« º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß∑“߇¢â“ÕÕ°®“° ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å √â“ߢ÷Èπ∑’ˉ¥â∂Ÿ° ÕÕ°·∫∫«“ß·ºπ·≈–°àÕ √â“ߢ÷Èπ¡“ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—« ‡™àπ ∑“߇¢â“ÕÕ°®“°∫â“π à«πµ—«, ∑“ß≈“¥∂“«√À√◊Õ‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬‰¥â, ª√–µŸÕ—µ‚π¡—µ‘·≈–¡◊Õ®—∫ª√–µŸ·∫∫ 摇»… e1551 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ “¡“√∂ ‡¢â“∂÷ß ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°µà“ßÊ „πµ—«Õ“§“√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—« º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫°àÕ √â“ß¿“¬„πµ—«Õ“§“√ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—« ‡™àπ ÀâÕßπÈ”, ‚∑√»—æ∑å, audio loops, µŸâ‡°Á∫¢Õß„π§√—«, ‡§√◊ËÕß„™â ·≈–√–∫∫§«∫§ÿ¡‰øøÑ“¿“¬„π∫â“π

179 Environmental Factors ICF

e1552 Design, construction and building products and technology for way finding, path routing and designation of locat ions in buildings for private use Indoor and outdoor products and technology in the design, building and construction of path routing, for private use, to assist people to find their way inside and immediately outside buildings and locate the places they want to go to, such as signage, in Braille or writing, size of corridors and floor surfaces.

e1558 Design, construction and building products and technology of buildings for private use, other specified

e1559 Design, construction and building products and technology of buildings for private use, unspecified

e160 Products and technology of land development Products and technology of land areas, as they affect an individual's outdoor environment through the implementation of land use policies, design, planning and development of space, including those adapted or specially designed. Inclusions: products and technology of land areas that have been organized by the implementation of land use policies, such as rural areas, suburban areas, urban areas, parks, conservation areas and wildlife reserves

e1600 Products and technology of rural land development Products and technology in rural land areas, as they affect an individual's outdoor environment through the implementation of rural land use policies, design, planning and development of space, such as farm lands, pathways and signposting.

e1601 Products and technology of suburban land dev elopment Products and technology in suburban land areas, as they affect an individual`s outdoor environment through the implementation of suburban land use policies, design, planning and development of space, such as kerb cuts, pathways, signposting and street lighting.

e1602 Products and technology of urban land dev elopment Products and technology in urban land areas as they affect an individual`s outdoor environment through the implementation of urban land use policies, design, planning and development of space, such as kerb cuts, ramps, signposting and street lighting.

180 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e1552 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â∫Õ° ∑“ß ‡ âπ∑“ß ·≈–∑’˵—ÈߢÕß à«πµà“ßÊ ¿“¬„πÕ“§“√ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—« º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∑—Èß¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ°∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫·≈– °àÕ √â“߇ âπ∑“߇¥‘π ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—« ”À√—∫‡ªìπ°“√™à«¬∫Õ°∑“ß¿“¬„π·≈– ¿“¬πÕ°µ—«Õ“§“√·≈–∫Õ°®ÿ¥∑’Ë∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈µâÕß°“√®–‰ª ‡™àπ ªÑ“¬∫Õ°∑“ß∑’ˇªìπ Õ—°…√‡∫√≈≈åÀ√◊Õµ—«Àπ—ß ◊Õ, ¢π“¥¢Õß∑“߇¥‘π·≈–≈—°…≥–¢Õßæ◊Èπº‘« e1558 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫°“√„™â à«πµ—«, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e1559 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫°“√„™â à«πµ—«, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e160 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’„π°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘π º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫∑’Ë¥‘π∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¿“¬πÕ°¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ Õ—π‡π◊ËÕß ®“°°“√¥”‡π‘ππ‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√„™â∑’Ë¥‘π, °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫, °“√«“ß·ºπ·≈–°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘π √«¡∑—Èßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… √«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß∑’Ë¥‘π∑’ˉ¥â¡’°“√®—¥°“√µ“¡π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√„™â∑’Ë¥‘𠇙àπ æ◊Èπ∑’Ë„π™π∫∑, ™“π‡¡◊Õß, „πµ—«‡¡◊Õß, «π “∏“√≥–, æ◊Èπ∑’ËÕπÿ√—°…å·≈–‡¢µ√—°…“ æπ∏— ÿå µ«— ªå “É e1600 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“æ◊Èπ∑’Ë„π‡¢µ™π∫∑ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’„π‡¢µ™π∫∑∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬πÕ°¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√π”π‚¬∫“¬°“√„™â∑’Ë¥‘π„π™π∫∑¡“„™â, °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫, °“√«“ß·ºπ ·≈–°“√æ—≤π“æ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ ‡™àπ ∑’Ëπ“ ∑“߇¥‘π·≈–°“√ªí°ªÑ“¬ e1601 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘π‡¢µ™“π‡¡◊Õß º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’„π‡¢µ™“π‡¡◊Õß∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬πÕ°¢Õß ∫ÿ§§≈ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√π”π‚¬∫“¬°“√„™â∑’Ë¥‘π„π‡¢µ™“π‡¡◊Õß¡“„™â, °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫, °“√«“ß·ºπ·≈–°“√æ—≤π“æ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ ‡™àπ °“√∑”∑“߇¥‘π‡∑â“∑’Ë¡’∑“ß≈“¥¢÷Èπ, ∑“߇¥‘π, °“√ªí°ªÑ“¬·≈–µ‘¥‰ø∂ππ e1602 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘π„πµ—«‡¡◊Õß º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’„πµ—«‡¡◊Õß∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬πÕ°¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√π”π‚¬∫“¬°“√„™â∑’Ë¥‘π„πµ—«‡¡◊Õß¡“„™â, °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫, °“√«“ß·ºπ ·≈–°“√æ—≤π“æ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ ‡™àπ °“√∑”∑“߇¥‘π‡∑â“∑’Ë¡’∑“ß≈“¥¢÷Èπ, ∑“ß≈“¥, °“√ªí°ªÑ“¬·≈–°“√µ‘¥‰ø∂ππ

180 Environmental Factors ICF

e1603 Products and technology of parks, conservation and wildlife areas Products and technology in land areas making up parks, conservation and wildlife areas, as they affect an individual`s outdoor environment through the implementation of land use policies and design, planning and development of space, such as park signage and wildlife trails.

e1608 Products and technology of land development, other specified

e1609 Products and technology of land development, unspecified

e165 Assets Products or objects of economic exchange such as money, goods, property and other valuables that an individual owns or of which he or she has rights of use. Inclusions: tangible and intangible products and goods, financial assets

e1650 Financial assets Products, such as money and other financial instruments, which serve as a medium of exchange for labour, capital goods and services.

e1651 Tangible assets Products or objects, such as houses and land, clothing, food and technical goods, which serve as a medium of exchange for labour, capital goods and services.

e1652 Intangible assets Products, such as intellectual property, knowledge and skills, which serve as a medium of exchange for labour, capital goods and services.

e1658 Assets, other specified

e1659 Assets, unspecified

e198 Products and technology, other specified

e199 Products and technology, unspecified

181 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e1603 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘π„π «π “∏“√≥–, æ◊Èπ∑’ËÕπÿ√—°…å ·≈–‡¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’ˇªìπ «π “∏“√≥–, æ◊Èπ∑’ËÕπÿ√—°…å·≈–‡¢µ√—°…“ æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“∑’Ë¡’º≈°√–∑∫µàÕ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬πÕ°¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√π” π‚¬∫“¬°“√„™â∑’Ë¥‘π¡“„™â, °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫, °“√«“ß·ºπ·≈–°“√æ—≤π“æ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“ß ‡ª≈à“ ‡™àπ °“√ªí°ªÑ“¬„π «π “∏“√≥–·≈–∑“ß —≠®√¢Õß —µ«åªÉ“ e1608 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e1609 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e165 ‘π∑√—æ¬å º≈‘µ¿—≥±åÀ√◊Õ ‘ËߢÕß∑’Ë¡’¡Ÿ≈§à“∑“߇»√…∞°‘®∑’Ë·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ‰¥â ‡™àπ ‡ß‘π, ‘π§â“, ∑√—æ¬å ‘π ·≈–¢Õß¡’§à“Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈‡ªìπ‡®â“¢ÕßÀ√◊Õ¡’ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√„™â √«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈– ‘π§â“∑’Ë®—∫µâÕ߉¥â·≈–∑’Ë®—∫µâÕ߉¡à‰¥â, ‘π∑√—æ¬å∑“ß°“√‡ß‘π e1650 π∑√‘ —æ¬∑“ß°“√‡ßå π‘ ‘π∑√—æ¬å ‡™àπ ‡ß‘πÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑“ß°“√‡ß‘πÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë„™â‡ªìπ ◊ËÕ°≈“ß„π°“√·≈° ‡ª≈’ˬπ°—∫·√ßß“π, ∑ÿπ·≈–°“√∫√‘°“√ e1651 ‘π∑√—æ¬å∑’Ë®—∫µâÕ߉¥â º≈‘µ¿—≥±åÀ√◊Õ ‘ËߢÕß ‡™àπ ∫â“π·≈–∑’Ë¥‘π, ‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“, Õ“À“√·≈– ‘π§â“∑“߇∑§π‘§ ∑’Ë„™â‡ªìπ ◊ËÕ°≈“ß„π°“√·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ°—∫·√ßß“π ∑ÿπ·≈–°“√∫√‘°“√ e1652 ‘π∑√—æ¬å∑’Ë®—∫µâÕ߉¡à‰¥â º≈‘µ¿—≥±å ‡™àπ ∑√—æ¬å ‘π∑“ߪí≠≠“, §«“¡√Ÿâ·≈–∑—°…–∑’Ë„™â‡ªìπ ◊ËÕ°≈“ß„π°“√ ·≈°°—∫·√ßß“π, ∑ÿπ·≈–°“√∫√‘°“√ e1658 ‘π∑√—æ¬å, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e1659 ‘π∑√—æ¬,å ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e198 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å ·≈– ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e199 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å ·≈– ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

181 Environmental Factors ICF Chapter 2 Natural environment and human- made changes to environment This chapter is about animate and inanimate elements of the natural or physical environment, and components of that environment that have been modified by people, as well as characteristics of human populations within that environment.

e210 Physical geography Features of land forms and bodies of water. Inclusions: features of geography included within orography (relief, quality and expanse of land and land forms, including altitude) and hydrography (bodies of water such as lakes, rivers, sea)

e2100 Land forms Features of land forms, such as mountains, hills, valleys and plains.

e2101 Bodies of water Features of bodies of water, such as lakes, dams, rivers and streams.

e2108 Physical geography, other specified

e2109 Physical geography, unspecified

e215 Population Groups of people living in a given environment who share the same pattern of environmental adaptation. Inclusions: demographic change; population density

e2150 Demographic change Changes occurring within groups of people, such as the composition and variation in the total number of individuals in an area caused by birth, death, ageing of a population and migration.

e2151 Population density Number of people per unit of land area, including features such as high and low density.

e2158 Population, other specified

e2159 Population, unspecified

182 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∫∑∑’Ë 2 ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘·≈– ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë ¡πÿ…¬å √â“ߢ÷Èπ ∫∑π’ȇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ‘Ëß¡’™’«‘µÀ√◊Õ‰¡à¡’™’«‘µµ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘·≈–À√◊Õ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß°“¬¿“æ·≈–Õß§å ª√–°Õ∫¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë∂Ÿ°‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß‚¥¬¡πÿ…¬å √«¡∂÷ß≈—°…≥–¢Õߪ√–™“°√¡πÿ…¬å∑’ËÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà „π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡π—ÈπÊ e210 ¿Ÿ¡‘»“ µ√å∑“ß°“¬¿“æ ≈—°…≥–¢Õß à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß∑’Ë¥‘π·≈–º◊ππÈ” √«¡ : ≈—°…≥–∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘»“ µ√å„π‡™‘ß¢Õß¿Ÿ¡‘ª√–‡∑»»÷°…“ (orography) (§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß §«“¡ ŸßµË”¢Õßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë, ¢π“¥¢Õßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë, ·≈–≈—°…≥–¢Õßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë, √«¡∂÷ߧ«“¡ Ÿß¢Õßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë) ·≈–∑“ßÕÿ∑°»“ µ√å (º◊ππÈ” ‡™àπ ∑–‡≈ “ª, ·¡àπÈ”·≈–∑–‡≈) e2100 √Ÿª·∫∫¢Õß·ºàπ¥‘π ≈—°…≥–¢Õß√Ÿª·∫∫¢Õß·ºàπ¥‘𠇙àπ ¿Ÿ‡¢“, ‡π‘π‡¢“·≈–∑’Ë√“∫ e2101 º◊ππÈ” ≈—°…≥–¢Õߺ◊ππÈ” ‡™àπ ∑–‡≈ “ª, ‡¢◊ËÕπ, ·¡àπÈ”·≈–≈”∏“√ e2108 ¿Ÿ¡‘»“ µ√å°“¬¿“æ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e2109 ¿Ÿ¡‘»“ µ√å°“¬¿“æ ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e215 ª√–™“°√ °≈ÿà¡∫ÿ§§≈∑’ËÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà„π¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ ´÷Ëß¡’·∫∫·ºπ∑’ˇÀ¡◊Õπ°—π„π°“√ª√—∫µ—« ‡¢â“°—∫ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ √«¡ : °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕߪ√–™“°√; §«“¡Àπ“·πàπ¢Õߪ√–™“°√ e2150 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕߪ√–™“°√ °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ¿“¬„π°≈ÿà¡¢Õߪ√–™“™π ‡™à𠂧√ß √â“ß·≈–§«“¡·µ° µà“ß„π®”π«πª√–™“°√„πæ◊Èπ∑’ËÀπ÷ËßÊ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√‡°‘¥, °“√µ“¬, §«“¡™√“¢Õß ª√–™“°√·≈–°“√¬â“¬∂‘Ëπ e2151 §«“¡Àπ“·πàπ¢Õߪ√–™“°√ ®”π«πª√–™“°√µàÕÀπ૬¢Õßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë ´÷Ëß√«¡∂÷ß≈—°…≥– ‡™à𠧫“¡Àπ“·πàπ Ÿß ·≈–µË” e2158 ª√–™“°√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e2159 ª√–™“°√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

182 Environmental Factors ICF

e220 Flora and fauna Plants and animals. Exclusions: domesticated animals (e350); population (e215)

e2200 Plants Any of various photosynthetic, eukaryotic, multicellular organisms of the kingdom Plantae characteristically producing embryos, containing chloroplasts, having cellulose cell walls, and lacking the power of locomotion, such as trees, flowers, shrubs and vines.

e2201 Animals Multicellular organisms of the kingdom Animalia, differing from plants in certain typical characteristics such as capacity for locomotion, non-photosynthetic metabolism, pronounced response to stimuli, restricted growth, and fixed bodily structure, such as wild or farm animals, reptiles, birds, fish and mammals. Exclusions: assets (e165); domesticated animals (e350)

e2208 Fauna and flora, other specified

e2209 Fauna and flora, unspecified

e225 Climate Meteorological features and events, such as the weather. Inclusions: temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, precipitation, wind and seasonal variations

e2250 Temperature Degree of heat or cold, such as high and low temperature, normal or extreme temperature.

e2251 Humidity Level of moisture in the air, such as high or low humidity.

e2252 Atmospheric pressure Pressure of the surrounding air, such as pressure related to height above sea level or meteorological conditions.

e2253 Precipitation Falling of moisture, such as rain, dew, snow, sleet and hail.

183 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e220 æ™·≈– ◊ µ«— å æ◊™·≈– —µ«å ‰¡à√«¡ : —µ«å‡≈’È¬ß (e350); ª√–™“°√ (e215) e2200 æ◊™æ—π∏ÿå ‘Ëß¡’™’«‘µ„¥Ê „πÕ“≥“®—°√æ◊™∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–¢Õß°“√ —߇§√“–Àå· ß, eukaryotic ·≈–¡’À≈“¬‡´≈≈å∑’˺≈‘µ‡´≈≈åµ—«ÕàÕπ, ¡’§≈Õ‚√æ≈“ µå ¡’ºπ—߇´≈≈å∑’ˇªìπ‡´≈≈Ÿ‚≈ ·≈–‰¡à¡’æ≈—ß„π°“√¢—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ„πµ—« µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ µâπ‰¡â, ‰¡â¥Õ°, æÿࡉ¡â·≈– ‡∂“«≈¬— å e2201 —µ«å ‘Ëß¡’™’«‘µÀ≈“¬‡´≈≈å∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ“≥“®—°√ —µ«å∑’Ë·µ°µà“ßÕ¬à“ß™—¥‡®π ‡™àπ °”≈—ß„π°“√ ¢—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ„πµ—«‡Õß, ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡·∫∫∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â‡ªìπ°“√ —߇§√“–Àå· ß, ªØ‘°√‘¬“ µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ ‘Ë߇√â“∑’ˇ√Á«°«à“, °“√‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ¡’¢’¥®”°—¥·≈–‚§√ß √“ߢÕß√â à“ß°“¬ ∑’˵“¬µ—« ‡™àπ —µ«åªÉ“À√◊Õ —µ«å‡≈’Ȭß, —µ«å‡≈◊ÈÕ¬§≈“π, π°, ª≈“·≈– —µ«å‡≈’Ȭß≈Ÿ° ¥â«¬π¡ ‰¡à√«¡ : ‘π∑√—æ¬å (e165); —µ«å‡≈’È¬ß (e350) e2208 æ◊™·≈– —µ«å, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e2209 æ◊™·≈– —µ«å, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e225 ¿Ÿ¡‘Õ“°“» à«πª√–°Õ∫·≈–ª√“°Ø°“√≥å∑“ßÕÿµÿπ‘¬¡«‘∑¬“ ‡™àπ ¿“æÕ“°“» √«¡ : Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘, §«“¡™◊Èπ, §«“¡°¥Õ“°“», Ωπ, ≈¡·≈–°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈ e2250 Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ ¿“«–¢Õߧ«“¡√âÕπÀ√◊Õ§«“¡‡¬Á𠇙àπ Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ ŸßÀ√◊յ˔, Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ª°µ‘À√◊Õ √âÕπ®—¥ Àπ“«®—¥ e2251 §«“¡™◊Èπ √–¥—∫¢Õ߉ÕπÈ”∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ“°“» ‡™à𠧫“¡™◊Èπ ŸßÀ√◊յ˔ e2252 §«“¡°¥Õ“°“» §«“¡°¥¥—π¢ÕßÕ“°“»∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà√Õ∫Ê ‡™à𠧫“¡°¥Õ“°“»‡π◊ËÕß®“°§«“¡ Ÿß‡Àπ◊Õ √–¥—∫πÈ”∑–‡≈À√◊Õ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ¿“«–∑“ßÕÿµÿπ‘¬¡«‘∑¬“ e2253 À¬“¥πÈ”øÑ“ °“√°≈—Ëπµ—«µ°≈ß¡“ Ÿàæ◊Èπ¢Õ߉ÕπÈ” ‡™àπ Ωπ, πÈ”§â“ß, À‘¡–, Ωπµ°‡ªìπ‡¡Á¥πÈ” ·¢Áß, πÈ”·¢Áß·≈–≈Ÿ°‡ÀÁ∫

183 Environmental Factors ICF

e2254 Wind Air in more or less rapid natural motion, such as a breeze, gale or gust.

e2255 Seasonal variation Natural, regular and predictable changes from one season to the next, such as summer, autumn, winter and spring.

e2258 Climate, other specified

e2259 Climate, unspecified

e230 Natural events Geographic and atmospheric changes that cause disruption in an individual's physical environment, occurring regularly or irregularly, such as earthquakes and severe or violent weather conditions, e.g. tornadoes, hurricanes, typhoons, floods, forest fires and ice-storms.

e235 Human-caused events Alterations or disturbances in the natural environment, caused by humans, that may result in the disruption of people's day-to-day lives, including events or conditions linked to conflict and wars, such as the displacement of people, destruction of social infrastructure, homes and lands, environmental disasters and land, water or air pollution (e.g. toxic spills).

e240 Light Electromagnetic radiation by which things are made visible by either sunlight or artificial lighting (e.g. candles, oil or paraffin lamps, fires and electricity), and which may provide useful or distracting information about the world. Inclusions: light intensity; light quality; colour contrasts

e2400 Light intensity Level or amount of energy being emitted by either a natural (e.g. sun) or an artificial source of light.

e2401 Light quality The nature of the light being provided and related colour contrasts created in the visual surroundings, and which may provide useful information about the world (e.g. visual information on the presence of stairs or a door) or distractions (e.g. too many visual images).

e2408 Light, other specified

184 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e2254 ≈¡ Õ“°“»∑’ˇ§≈◊ËÕπµ—«µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘¥â«¬§«“¡‡√Á«√–¥—∫µà“ßÊ ‡™àπ ≈¡æ—¥ÕàÕπÊ ≈¡ °√√‚™°·≈–擬ÿ e2255 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈ °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘Õ¬à“ß ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ∑’Ë “¡“√∂欓°√≥剥⮓°ƒ¥ŸÀπ÷Ëß ‰ª¬—ßÕ’°ƒ¥ŸÀπ÷Ëß ‡™à𠃥Ÿ√âÕπ, ƒ¥Ÿ„∫‰¡â√à«ß, ƒ¥ŸÀπ“«·≈–ƒ¥Ÿ„∫‰¡âº≈‘ e2258 ¿Ÿ¡‘Õ“°“», ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e2259 ¿Ÿ¡‘Õ“°“», ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e230 ª√“°Ø°“√≥å∏√√¡™“µ‘ °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘»“ µ√å·≈–∫√√¬“°“» ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√√∫°«πµàÕ ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∑“ß°“¬¿“æ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ·≈–‰¡à ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ ‡™àπ ·ºàπ¥‘π‰À« ¿“æÕ“°“» À√◊Õ擬ÿ√ÿπ·√ß ‡™àπ ∑Õ√åπ“‚¥, ‡ŒÕ√’‡§π, „µâΩÿÉπ, πÈ”∑à«¡, ‰ø‰À¡âªÉ“·≈–擬ÿπÈ”·¢Áß e235 ª√“°Ø°“√≥å∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°¡πÿ…¬å °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßÀ√◊Õ°“√√∫°«π ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√°√–∑”¢Õß ¡πÿ…¬å ´÷ËßÕ“® àߺ≈°√–∑∫µàÕ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿàª√–®”«—π¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ √«¡∂÷߇Àµÿ°“√≥åÀ√◊Õ ªí≠À“∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥ ߧ√“¡ ‡™àπ °“√Õæ¬æºŸâ§π, °“√∑”≈“¬‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß —ߧ¡∫â“π·≈– ∑’Ë¥‘π, ¡≈¿“«–¢ÕßπÈ”À√◊ÕÕ“°“» (‡™àπ ®“°°“√√—Ë«¢Õß “√‡§¡’∑’Ë¡’æ‘…) e240 · ß «à“ß °“√·ºà√—ß ’¢Õßæ≈—ß·¡à‡À≈Á°‰øøÑ“∑’Ë —߇°µ‡ÀÁπ‰¥â®“°· ß «à“ߢÕߥ«ßÕ“∑‘µ¬åÀ√◊Õ· ß «à“߇∑’¬¡ (‡™àπ · ß «à“ß®“°‡∑’¬π, µ–‡°’¬ßπÈ”¡—πÀ√◊Õ¢’Ⱥ÷Èß, ‰ø·≈–‰øøÑ“) ´÷ËßÕ“®®– ‡ªìπ°“√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√‡°’ˬ«°—∫‚≈°∑’ˇªìπª√–‚¬™πå À√◊Õ∑’ˇªìπ°“√À—π‡À§«“¡ π„® √«¡ : §«“¡‡¢â¡¢Õß· ß, §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß· ß, §«“¡·µ°µà“ߢÕß ’ e2400 §«“¡‡¢â¡¢Õß· ß √–¥—∫À√◊Õª√‘¡“≥¢Õß· ß∑’Ë àßÕÕ°¡“®“°·À≈àß∏√√¡™“µ‘ (‡™à𠥫ßÕ“∑‘µ¬å) À√◊Õ·À≈àߢÕß· ß «à“߇∑’¬¡Õ◊ËπÊ e2401 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß· ß ∏√√¡™“µ‘¢Õß· ß∑’Ë®—¥„Àâ·≈–§«“¡·µ°µà“ߢÕ߇©¥ ’∑’Ë¡Õ߇ÀÁπ„π ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡ ´÷ËßÕ“®®–‡ªìπ°“√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√∑’ˇªìπª√–‚¬™πå (‡™àπ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë¡Õ߇ÀÁπ ´÷Ëß∫Õ° ∂÷ß ‘Ëß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿàµ√ßÀπâ“ ‡™àπ ∫—π‰¥À√◊Õª√–µŸ) À√◊Õ∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√À—π‡À§«“¡ π„® (‡™àπ °√≥’∑’Ë¡’ ‘Ëß√Õ∫µ—«∑’Ë¡Õ߇ÀÁπ‰¥â ¡“°‡°‘π‰ª) e2408 · ß «à“ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

184 Environmental Factors ICF

e2409 Light, unspecified

e245 Time-related changes Natural, regular or predictable temporal change. Inclusions: day/night and lunar cycles

e2450 Day/night cycles Natural, regular and predictable changes from day through to night and back to day, such as day, night, dawn and dusk.

e2451 Lunar cycles Natural, regular and predictable changes of the moon's position in relation to the earth.

e2458 Time-related changes, other specified

e2459 Time-related changes, unspecified

e250 Sound A phenomenon that is or may be heard, such as banging, ringing, thumping, singing, whistling, yelling or buzzing, in any volume, timbre or tone, and that may provide useful or distracting information about the world. Inclusions: sound intensity; sound quality

e2500 Soun d intensity Level or volume of auditory phenomenon determined by the amount of energy being generated, where high energy levels are perceived as loud sounds and low energy levels as soft sounds.

e2501 Soun d quality Nature of a sound as determined by the wavelength and wave pattern of the sound and perceived as the timbre and tone, such as harshness or melodiousness, and which may provide useful information about the world (e.g. sound of dog barking versus a cat miaowing) or distractions (e.g. background noise).

e2508 Sound, other specified

e2509 Sound, unspecified

185 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e2409 · ß «à“ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e245 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡ °“≈‡«≈“ °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘ ∑’Ë ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ ·≈– §“¥°“√≥剥â √«¡ : °≈“ß«—π/°≈“ߧ◊π, «—Ø®—°√¢Õߥ«ß®—π∑√å e2450 °≈“ß«—π/°≈“ߧ◊π °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßÕ¬à“ß ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õµ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘∑’˧“¥°“√≥剥⠄π°“√‡°‘¥°≈“ß«—π °≈“ߧ◊π, ‡™â“µ√Ÿà·≈–‡¬Áπ§Ë” e2451 «—Ø®—°√¢Õߥ«ß®—π∑√å °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßÕ¬à“ß ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õµ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘∑’˧“¥°“√≥剥â¢Õß°“√∑’Ë¥«ß®—π∑√å À¡ÿπ√Õ∫‚≈° e2458 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡ °“≈‡«≈“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e2459 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡°“≈‡«≈“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e250 ‡ ¬ß’ ª√“°Ø°“√≥å∑’ˉ¥â¬‘πÀ√◊ÕÕ“®‡ªìπ∑’ˉ¥â¬‘𠇙àπ °“√µ’, °“√°√–∑∫, °“√ —Ëπ‡ ’¬ß√–¶—ß, °“√°√–∑◊∫, °“√√âÕ߇æ≈ß, °“√º‘«ª“°, °“√µ–‚°πÀ√◊Õ‡ ’¬ßÀ÷Ëß„π∑ÿ°√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß, §«“¡ ∑ÿâ¡·À≈¡À√◊Õ§«“¡ ŸßµË”·≈–Õ“®®–‡ªìπ°“√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˇªìπª√–‚¬™π凰’ˬ«°—∫‚≈°À√◊Õ ‡ªìπ°“√À—π‡À§«“¡ π„®®“°‚≈° √«¡ : §«“¡‡¢â¡¢Õ߇ ’¬ß, §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õ߇ ’¬ß e2500 §«“¡‡¢â¡¢Õ߇ ’¬ß √–¥—∫À√◊Õª√‘¡“≥¢Õ߇ ’¬ßÀ√◊Õª√“°Ø°“√≥å∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß ´÷Ëß∂Ÿ°°”À𥂥¬ ª√‘¡“≥¢Õßæ≈—ßß“π∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ æ≈—ßß“π„π√–¥—∫ Ÿß®–∑”„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß¥—ß„π¢≥–∑’Ë æ≈—ßß“π√–¥—∫µË”®–∑”„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß∑’˧àÕ¬°«à“ e2501 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õ߇ ’¬ß ∏√√¡™“µ‘¢Õ߇ ’¬ß∑’Ë∂Ÿ°°”Àπ¥¥â«¬§«“¡¬“«·≈–·∫∫·ºπ¢Õߧ≈◊Ëπ∑’Ë®–‰¥â¬‘π„π √Ÿª¢Õß §«“¡∑ÿâ¡/·À≈¡·≈–§«“¡ ŸßµË”¢Õ߇ ’¬ß ‡™à𠧫“¡°√–¥â“ßÀ√◊Õ§«“¡ ‰æ‡√“–¢ÕßπÈ”‡ ’¬ß∑’ËÕ“®®–‡ªìπ°“√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√∑’ˇªìπª√–‚¬™πå ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‚≈° (‡™àπ ‡ ’¬ß ÿπ—¢‡Àà“°—∫‡ ’¬ß·¡«√âÕß) À√◊Õ‡ªìπ°“√À—π‡À§«“¡ π„® (‡™àπ ‡ ’¬ß µà“ßÊ √Õ∫Ê µ—«) e2508 ‡ ’¬ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e2509 ‡ ’¬ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

185 Environmental Factors ICF

e255 Vibration Regular or irregular to and fro motion of an object or an individual caused by a physical disturbance, such as shaking, quivering, quick jerky movements of things, buildings or people caused by small or large equipment, aircraft and explosions. Exclusion: natural events (e230), such as vibration or shaking of the earth caused by earthquakes

e260 Air quality Characteristics of the atmosphere (outside buildings) or enclosed areas of air (inside buildings), and which may provide useful or distracting information about the world. Inclusions: indoor and outdoor air quality

e2600 Indoor air quality Nature of the air inside buildings or enclosed areas, as determined by odour, smoke, humidity, air conditioning (controlled air quality) or uncontrolled air quality, and which may provide useful information about the world (e.g. smell of leaking gas) or distractions (e.g. overpowering smell of perfume).

e2601 Outdoor air quality Nature of the air outside buildings or enclosed areas, as determined by odour, smoke, humidity, ozone levels, and other features of the atmosphere, and which may provide useful information about the world (e.g. smell of rain) or distractions (e.g. toxic smells).

e2608 Air quality, other specified

e2609 Air quality, unspecified

e298 Natural environment and human-made changes to environment, other specified

e299 Natural environment and human-made changes to environment, unspecified

186 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e255 °“√ —Ëπ –‡∑◊Õπ °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«‰ª¡“Õ¬à“ß ¡Ë”‡ ¡ÕÀ√◊Õ‰¡à ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ¢Õß«—µ∂ÿÀ√◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√∫°«π ∑“ß°“¬¿“æ ‡™àπ °“√‡¢¬à“, °“√ —Ëπ, °“√°√–µÿ°¢Õß ‘ËߢÕß, Õ“§“√À√◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˇ°‘¥®“° Õÿª°√≥å‡≈Á°À√◊Õ„À≠à, ‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘πÀ√◊Õ°“√√–‡∫‘¥ ‰¡à√«¡ : ª√“°Ø°“√≥å∏√√¡™“µ‘ (e230), ‡™àπ°“√ —Ëπ –‡∑◊Õπ¢Õßæ◊Èπ¥‘π∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°·ºàπ¥‘π ‰À« e260 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢ÕßÕ“°“» ≈—°…≥–¢Õß∫√√¬“°“» (¿“¬πÕ°Õ“§“√) À√◊Õ∫√‘‡«≥æ◊Èπ∑’Ëªî¥ (¿“¬„πÕ“§“√) ´÷ËßÕ“®®– „Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫‚≈°∑’ˇªìπª√–‚¬™πåÀ√◊Õ‡ªìπ°“√À—π‡À§«“¡ π„® √«¡ : §ÿ≥¿“æ¢ÕßÕ“°“»¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ° e2600 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢ÕßÕ“°“»¿“¬„π §ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘¢ÕßÕ“°“»∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„πµ—«Õ“§“√À√◊Õ∫√‘‡«≥æ◊Èπ∑’˪î¥∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°‰¥â®“°°≈‘Ëπ, §«—π, §«“¡™◊Èπ, °“√ª√—∫Õ“°“» (°“√§«∫§ÿ¡§ÿ≥¿“æ¢ÕßÕ“°“») À√◊ÕÕ“°“»∑’Ë ‰¡à‰¥â∂Ÿ°§«∫§ÿ¡§ÿ≥¿“æ·≈–∑’ËÕ“®®–‡ªìπ°“√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˇªìπª√–‚¬™π凰’ˬ«°—∫‚≈° (°≈‘Ëπ®“°·°ä ∑’Ë√—Ë«) À√◊Õ‡ªìπ°“√À—π‡À§«“¡ π„® (°≈‘Ëπ©ÿπ®“°πÈ”ÀÕ¡) e2601 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢ÕßÕ“°“»¿“¬πÕ° §ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘¢ÕßÕ“°“»∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬πÕ°µ—«Õ“§“√À√◊Õ∫√‘‡«≥æ◊Èπ∑’˪î¥∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°‰¥â®“°°≈‘Ëπ, §«—π, §«“¡™◊Èπ, √–¥—∫¢Õß‚Õ‚´π·≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫Õ◊ËπÊ ¢Õß∫√√¬“°“»∑’ËÕ“®®– ‡ªìπ°“√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√∑’ËÕ“®®–‡ªìπª√–‚¬™π凰’ˬ«°—∫‚≈° (‡™àπ °≈‘Ëπ¢ÕßΩπ) À√◊Õ‡ªìπ°“√À—π‡À§«“¡ π„® (°≈‘Ëπ®“° “√æ‘…) e2608 §≥¿“æ¢ÕßÕ“°“»,ÿ ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e2609 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢ÕßÕ“°“», ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e298 ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘·≈– ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å √â“ߢ÷Èπ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈– ‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e299 ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘·≈– ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å √â“ߢ÷Èπ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬ ≈–‡Õ’¬¥

186 Environmental Factors ICF Chapter 3 Support and relationships This chapter is about people or animals that provide practical physical or emotional support, nurturing, protection, assistance and relationships to other persons, in their home, place of work, school or at play or in other aspects of their daily activities. The chapter does not encompass the attitudes of the person or people that are providing the support. The environmental factor being described is not the person or animal, but the amount of physical and emotional support the person or animal provides.

e310 Immediate family Individuals related by birth, marriage or other relationship recognized by the culture as immediate family, such as spouses, partners, parents, siblings, children, foster parents, adoptive parents and grandparents. Exclusions: extended family (e315); personal care providers and personal assistants (e340)

e315 Extended family Individuals related through family or marriage or other relationships recognized by the culture as extended family, such as aunts, uncles, nephews and nieces. Exclusion: immediate family (e310)

e320 Friends Individuals who are close and ongoing participants in relationships characterized by trust and mutual support.

e325 Acquaintances, peers, colleagues, neighbours and community members Individuals who are familiar to each other as acquaintances, peers, colleagues, neighbours, and community members, in situations of work, school, recreation, or other aspects of life, and who share demographic features such as age, gender, religious creed or ethnicity or pursue common interests. Exclusions: associations and organizational services (e5550)

e330 People in positions of authority Individuals who have decision-making responsibilities for others and who have socially defined influence or power based on their social, economic, cultural or religious roles in society, such as teachers, employers, supervisors, religious leaders, substitute decision-makers, guardians or trustees.

187 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∫∑∑’Ë 3 §«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·≈– —¡æ—π∏¿“æ ∫∑π’È®–‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈ À√◊Õ —µ«åµà“ßÊ ∑’Ë„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß√à“ß°“¬, ∑“ßÕ“√¡≥å, ‡≈’ȬߥŸ, §ÿ⡧√Õß, ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·≈– —¡æ—π∏¿“æµàÕ∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ëπ„π∫â“π¢Õ߇¢“, ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π, ‚√߇√’¬πÀ√◊Õ¢≥– ‡≈àπÀ√◊Õ„π·ßàÕ◊ËπÊ ¢Õß°‘®°√√¡ ª√–®”«—π¢Õßæ«°‡¢“ ∫∑π’È ®–‰¡à√«¡∂÷ß∑—»π§µ‘¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ ºŸâ§π∑’Ë°”≈—ß„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ¥—ß°≈à“« ·µà®–∫√√¬“¬∂÷ßªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡‰¡à„™à∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ —µ«å ·µà √«¡‡Õ“§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß°“¬ ·≈–∑“ß„®∑’˺Ÿâ§πÀ√◊Õ —µ«å‰¥â∑”„Àâ e310 §√Õ∫§√«„°≈— ™â ‘¥ ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—π‚¥¬°”‡π‘¥, ‚¥¬°“√·µàßß“πÀ√◊Õ§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏åÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’ˇªìπ∑’Ë ¬Õ¡√—∫°—π∑“ß«—≤π∏√√¡«à“‡ªìπ§√Õ∫§√—«„°≈♑¥‡™àπ§Ÿà ¡√ , §Ÿà√—°, æàÕ·¡à, æ’ËπâÕß, ≈Ÿ°, æàÕ·¡à∫ÿ≠∏√√¡æàÕ‡≈’Ȭß/·¡à‡≈’Ȭß, ·≈–ªŸÉ¬à“µ“¬“¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : ≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ (e315); ºŸâ„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµ—«·≈–ºŸâ„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ à«πµ—« (e340) e315 ≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ߧ√Õ∫§√—«À√◊Õ°“√·µàßß“πÀ√◊Õ§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏åÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’ˇªìπ∑’Ë ¬Õ¡√—∫°—π∑“ß«—≤π∏√√¡«à“‡ªìπ≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ ‡™àπ ≈ÿߪѓ, πâ“Õ“, À≈“π ‰¡à√«¡ : §√Õ∫§√—«„°≈♑¥ (e310) e320 ‡æ◊ËÕπ ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë„°≈♑¥·≈–¡’ à«π‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å ‚¥¬¡’≈—°…≥–¢Õߧ«“¡‰«â«“ß„®·≈– °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ´÷Ëß°—π·≈–°—π e325 §π√Ÿâ®—°, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡√ÿàπ, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡ß“π, ‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π·≈– ¡“™‘°„π™ÿ¡™π ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’§«“¡§ÿâπ‡§¬´÷Ëß°—π·≈–°—𠇙àπ §π√Ÿâ®—°, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡√ÿàπ, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡ß“π, ‡æ◊ËÕπ ∫â“π·≈– ¡“™‘°„π™ÿ¡™π „π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π, ‚√߇√’¬π, π—π∑π“°“√, À√◊Õ °‘®°√√¡Õ¬à“ßÕ◊Ëπ„π™’«‘µ·≈–∑’Ë≈—°…≥–∑“ߪ√–™“°√»“ µ√å∑’Ë„°≈⇧’¬ß°—𠇙àπ Õ“¬ÿ, ‡æ», §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑“ß»“ π“À√◊Õ‡™◊ÈÕ™“µ‘À√◊Õ§«“¡ π„®„π ‘Ë߇¥’¬«°—π ‰¡à√«¡ : °“√∫√‘°“√·∫∫ ¡“§¡·≈–Õߧå°√µà“ßÊ (e5550) e330 §π∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“®‡Àπ◊Õ°«à“ ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’Àπâ“∑’˧«“¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫°“√µ—¥ ‘π„® ‡æ◊ËÕ§πÕ◊Ëπ·≈–¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈À√◊ÕÕ”π“®∑“ß —ߧ¡ ´÷Ëߢ÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫∫∑∫“∑∑“ß —ߧ¡, ‡»√…∞°‘®, «—≤π∏√√¡À√◊Õ»“ π“„π —ߧ¡ ‡™àπ §√Ÿ, 𓬮â“ß, ºŸâµ√«®µ√“¥Ÿ·≈, ºŸâπ”∑“ß»“ π“ ºŸâµ—¥ ‘π„®·∑π, ºŸâª°§√ÕßÀ√◊ÕºŸâ¥Ÿ·≈

187 Environmental Factors ICF

e335 People in subordinate positions Individuals whose day-to-day life is influenced by people in positions of authority in work, school or other settings, such as students, workers and members of a religious group. Exclusion: immediate family (e310)

e340 Personal care providers and personal assistants Individuals who provide services as required to support individuals in their daily activities and maintenance of performance at work, education or other life situation, provided either through public or private funds, or else on a voluntary basis, such as providers of support for home-making and maintenance, personal assistants, transport assistants, paid help, nannies and others who function as primary caregivers. Exclusions: immediate family (e310); extended family (e315); friends (e320); general social support services (e5750); health professionals (e355)

e345 Strangers Individuals who are unfamiliar and unrelated, or those who have not yet established a relationship or association, including persons unknown to the individual but who are sharing a life situation with them, such as substitute teachers co-workers or care providers.

e350 Domesticated animals Animals that provide physical, emotional, or psychological support, such as pets (dogs, cats, birds, fish, etc.) and animals for personal mobility and transportation. Exclusions: animals (e2201); assets (e165)

e355 Health professionals All service providers working within the context of the health system, such as doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, audiologists, orthotist-prosthetists, medical social workers. Exclusion: other professionals (e360)

e360 Other professionals All service providers working outside the health system, including social workers, lawyers, teachers, architects, and designers. Exclusion: health professionals (e355)

e398 Support and relationships, other specified

188 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e335 §π∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„µâ∫—ߧ—∫∫—≠™“ ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë™’«‘µª√–®”«—π√—∫Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈‚¥¬§π∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“®∫—ߧ—∫∫—≠™“„π∑’Ë∑”ß“π, ‚√߇√’¬πÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë Õ◊ËπÊ ‡™àπ π—°»÷°…“, ºŸâ„™â·√ßß“π·≈–»“ π‘°™π ‰¡à√«¡ : §√Õ∫§√—«„°≈♑¥ (e310) e340 ºŸâ„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«π∫ÿ§§≈·≈–ºŸâ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ∫ÿ§§≈ºŸâ´÷Ëß®—¥°“√∫√‘°“√µ“¡∑’Ë¢Õ√âÕß ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ëπ „π°‘®«—µ√ª√–®”«—π·≈– °“√√—°…“√–¥—∫¢Õß ¡√√∂π–„π°“√∑”ß“π, °“√»÷°…“À√◊Õ ∂“π°“√≥åÕ◊Ëπ¢Õß™’«‘µ, §«“¡ ™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕÕ¬à“ß„¥Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß®“°√—∞À√◊Õ°Õß∑ÿπ‡¥’¬«À√◊Õ‰¥â®“°Õ“ “ ¡—§√ ‡™àπ °“√™à«¬ ‡À≈◊Õ„π°“√∑”∫â“π·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“, ºŸâ„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ à«πµ—«, °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ¥â“π°“√ ¢π àß, °“√™à«¬™”√–Àπ’È, °“√‡≈’Ȭ߇¥Á°·≈–Õ◊ËπÊ ´÷Ë߇ªìπÀπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß°“√„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‰¡à√«¡ : §√Õ∫§√—«„°≈♑¥ (e310); ≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ (e315); ‡æ◊ËÕπ (e320); ∫√‘°“√°“√™à«¬ ‡À≈◊Õ∑—Ë«‰ª∑“ß —ߧ¡ (e5750); ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ (e355) e345 §π·ª≈°Àπâ“ ∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉ¡à§ÿâπ‡§¬°—π·≈–‰¡à¡’§«“¡‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—πÀ√◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏剡ࡗËπ§ßÀ√◊Õ ¡“§¡ √«¡∑—Èß∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉ¡à√Ÿâ®—°‡ªìπ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ·µà¡’ à«π„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ‡¥’¬«°—π ·µà¬—ß‰¡à‰¥â∑”§«“¡§ÿâπ‡§¬°—𠇙àπ §√Ÿ∑’Ë¡“ Õπ·∑π°—π, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡ß“π·≈–ºŸâ„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ e350 —µ«å‡≈’È¬ß —µ«å∑’Ë„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ∑“ß°“¬ ∑“ß„® À√◊Õ∑“ߥâ“𮑵«‘∑¬“ ‡™àπ —µ«å‡≈’È¬ß ( ÿπ—¢, ·¡«, π°, ª≈“ œ≈œ) ·≈– —µ«å‡æ◊Ëՙ૬∫ÿ§§≈„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë·≈–°“√¢π àß ¬°‡«âπ : —µ«å (e2201); ∑√—æ¬å ‘π (e165) e355 ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’Ë∑”ß“π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫√–∫∫¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ ‡™àπ ·æ∑¬å, 欓∫“≈, π—°°“¬¿“æ∫”∫—¥, π—°Õ“™’«∫”∫—¥, π—°Ωñ°æŸ¥, π—°µ√«®°“√‰¥â¬‘π, π—°°“¬Õÿª°√≥å‡ √‘¡- Õÿª°√≥å‡∑’¬¡, ºŸâ∑’Ë∑”ß“π¥â“π·æ∑¬å∑“ß —ߧ¡ ‰¡à√«¡ : ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“πÕ◊ËπÊ (e355) e360 Õ“™æÕ’ πÊ◊Ë ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â∑”ß“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ √«¡∂÷ß∑’Ë¡‘‰¥â‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡√◊ËÕߢÕß ÿ¢¿“æ ‡™àπ π—° —ߧ¡ ߇§√“–Àå, ∑𓬧«“¡, §√Ÿ, ∂“ªπ‘°·≈–π—°ÕÕ°·∫∫ e398 °“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ·≈– §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

188 Environmental Factors ICF

e399 Support and relationships, unspecified

189 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e399 °“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

189 Environmental Factors ICF Chapter 4 Attitudes This chapter is about the attitudes that are the observable consequences of customs, practices, ideologies, values, norms, factual beliefs and religious beliefs. These attitudes influence individual behaviour and social life at all levels, from interpersonal relationships and community associations to political, economic and legal structures; for example, individual or societal attitudes about a person's trustworthiness and value as a human being may motivate positive, honorific practices or negative and discriminatory practices (e.g. stigmatizing, stereotyping and marginalizing or neglect of the person). The attitudes classified are those of people external to the person whose situation is being described. They are not those of the person themselves. The individual attitudes are categorized according to the kinds of relationships listed in Environmental Factors Chapter 3. Values and beliefs are not coded separately from attitudes as they are assumed to be the driving forces behind the attitudes.

e410 Individual attitudes of immediate family members General or specific opinions and beliefs of immediate family members about the person or about other matters (e.g. social, political and economic issues), that influence individual behaviour and actions.

e415 Individual attitudes of extended family members General or specific opinions and beliefs of extended family members about the person or about other matters (e.g. social, political and economic issues), that influence individual behaviour and actions.

e420 Individual attitudes of friends General or specific opinions and beliefs of friends about the person or about other matters (e.g. social, political and economic issues), that influence individual behaviour and actions.

e425 Individual attitudes of acquaintances, peers, colleagues, neighbours and community members General or specific opinions and beliefs of acquaintances, peers, colleagues, neighbours and community members about the person or about other matters (e.g. social, political and economic issues), that influence individual behaviour and actions.

e430 Individual attitudes of people in positions of authority General or specific opinions and beliefs of people in positions of authority about the person or about other matters (e.g. social, political and economic issues), that influence individual behaviour and actions.

190 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∫∑∑’Ë 4 ∑—»π§µ‘ „π∫∑π’È®–‡°’ˬ«°—∫∑—»π§µ‘∑’ˇªìπº≈¡“®“°°“√ —߇°µ∑“ߥâ“π¢π∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡, °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘, §«“¡§‘¥ ∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß, §à“π‘¬¡, §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ«à“‡ªìπ®√‘ß, ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑“ß»“ π“ ∑—»π§µ‘‡À≈à“π—Èπ¡’Õ”π“®µàÕ æƒµ‘°√√¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈·≈–∑ÿ°√–¥—∫ —ߧ¡®“°§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß —ߧ¡, ‡»√…∞°‘®·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ∑—»π§µ‘¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ∑—»π–¢Õß —ߧ¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫ ∫ÿ§§≈·≈–§ÿ≥§à“¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å °“√„À⇰’¬√µ‘®– àߺ≈¥â“π∫«°À√◊Õ≈∫ ·≈–°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß (‡™àπ ¡≈∑‘π, °“√§‘¥‡À¡“√«¡·≈–°“√∑Õ¥∑‘ÈßÀ√◊Õ‰¡à‡Õ“„®„ àµàÕ§π§ππ—Èπ) ∑—»π§µ‘·∫∫µà“ßÊ ‡ªìπ à«π ≈—°…≥–¿“¬πÕ°¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈‰¡à„™àæ«°∑’Ë»÷°…“Õ¬Ÿà ∑—»π§µ‘µàÕ∫ÿ§§≈‡ªìπª√–‡¿∑¢Õߧ«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å ¥â“πªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¢Õß∫∑∑’Ë 3 §à“π‘¬¡·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â≈ß√À— ®“°∑—»π§µ‘‡æ√“– àߺ≈‰«â «à“¡’º≈„π°“√°”Àπ¥∑—»π§µ‘ e410 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õß ¡“™‘°§√Õ∫§√—«∑’Ë„°≈♑¥ §«“¡‡ÀÁπ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–¢Õß ¡“™‘°„π§√Õ∫§√—«∑’Ë„°≈♑¥‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈ À√◊Õ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕßÕ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ ‡√◊ËÕß —ߧ¡ °“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®) ∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ惵‘°√√¡ À√Õ°“√°√–∑”¢Õß∫◊ ÿ§§≈ e415 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õß≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ §«“¡‡ÀÁπ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–¢Õß ¡“™‘°∑’ˇªìπ≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕßÕ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ ‡√◊ËÕß —ߧ¡ °“√‡¡◊Õß ·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®) ∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ惵‘°√√¡ ·≈–°“√°√–∑”¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈) e420 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õ߇æ◊ËÕ𠧫“¡‡ÀÁπ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–¢ÕߺŸâ∑’ˇªìπ‡æ◊ËÕπ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß Õ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ ‡√◊ËÕß —ߧ¡ °“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®) ∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ惵‘°√√¡À√◊Õ°“√°√–∑” ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ e425 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õߧπ√Ÿâ®—°, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡√ÿàπ, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡ß“π, ‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π·≈– ¡“™‘°„π™ÿ¡™π §«“¡‡ÀÁπ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–¢Õߧπ√Ÿâ®—°, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡√ÿàπ, ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡ß“π, ‡æ◊ËÕπ ∫â“π·≈– ¡“™‘°„π™ÿ¡™π‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕßÕ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ ‡√◊ËÕß —ߧ¡ °“√‡¡◊Õß ·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®) ∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ惵‘°√√¡·≈–°“√°√–∑”¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ e430 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πµ”·Àπàß∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“® §«“¡‡ÀÁπ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–¢ÕߺŸâ∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“®‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß Õ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ‡√◊ËÕß —ߧ¡ °“√‡¡◊Õß ·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®) ∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ惵‘°√√¡·≈–°“√°√–∑” ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈

190 Environmental Factors ICF

e435 Individual attitudes of peopl e in subordinate positions General or specific opinions and beliefs of people in subordinate positions about the person or about other matters (e.g. social, political and economic issues), that influence individual behaviour and actions.

e440 Individual attitudes of personal care providers and personal assistants General or specific opinions and beliefs of personal care providers and personal assistants about the person or about other matters (e.g. social, political and economic issues), that influence individual behaviour and actions.

e445 Individual attitudes of strangers General or specific opinions and beliefs of strangers about the person or about other matters (e.g. social, political and economic issues), that influence individual behaviour and actions.

e450 Individual attitudes of health professionals General or specific opinions and beliefs of health professionals about the person or about other matters (e.g. social, political and economic issues), that influence individual behaviour and actions.

e455 Individual attitudes of other professionals General or specific opinions and beliefs of health-related and other professionals about the person or about other matters (e.g. social, political and economic issues), that influence individual behaviour and actions.

e460 Societal attitudes General or specific opinions and beliefs generally held by people of a culture, society, subcultural or other social group about other individuals or about other social, political and economic issues, that influence group or individual behaviour and actions.

e465 Social norms, practices and ideologies Customs, practices, rules and abstract systems of values and normative beliefs (e.g. ideologies, normative world views and moral philosophies) that arise within social contexts and that affect or create societal and individual practices and behaviours, such as social norms of moral and religious behaviour or etiquette; religious doctrine and resulting norms and practices; norms governing rituals or social gatherings.

e498 Attitudes, other specified

e499 Attitudes, unspecified

191 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e435 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õߧπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πµ”·Àπàß∑’˵˔°«à“ §«“¡‡ÀÁπ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–¢ÕߺŸâ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πµ”·Àπàß∑’˵˔°«à“‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕßÕ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ ‡√◊ËÕß —ߧ¡ °“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®) ∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ惵‘°√√¡·≈– °“√°√–∑”¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ e440 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢ÕߺŸâ¥Ÿ·≈ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈– ºŸâ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ §«“¡‡ÀÁπ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–¢ÕߺŸâ¥Ÿ·≈ à«π∫ÿ§§≈·≈–ºŸâ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕßÕ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ ‡√◊ËÕß —ߧ¡ °“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®) ∑’Ë¡’ Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ惵‘°√√¡·≈–°“√°√–∑”¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ e445 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢Õߧπ·ª≈°Àπâ“ §«“¡‡ÀÁπ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–¢Õߧπ·ª≈°ÀπⓇ°’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß Õ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ ‡√◊ËÕß —ߧ¡ °“√‡¡◊Õß ·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®) ∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ惵‘°√√¡·≈–°“√°√–∑” ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ e450 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«π∫ÿ§§≈¢ÕߺŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ §«“¡‡ÀÁπ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–¢ÕߺŸâ∑’ˇ™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“π ÿ¢¿“懰’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫ ‡√◊ËÕßÕ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ ‡√◊ËÕß —ߧ¡ °“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®) ∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ惵‘°√√¡ ·≈–°“√°√–∑”¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ e455 ∑—»π§µ‘ à«πºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“πÕ◊Ë𠧫“¡‡ÀÁπ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–¢ÕߺŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æÕ◊ËπÊ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈ À√◊Õ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕßÕ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ ‡√◊ËÕß —ߧ¡ °“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®) ∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ§«“¡ ª√–惵‘ ·≈–°“√°√–∑”¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ e460 ∑—»π§µ‘¢Õß —ߧ¡ §«“¡‡ÀÁπ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–∑’ˇªìπ∑’ˬ÷¥∂◊Õ ‚¥¬∫ÿ§§≈¢Õß«—≤π∏√√¡, —ߧ¡ À√◊Õ°≈ÿà¡¢Õß —ߧ¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ‡°’ˬ«°—∫ —ߧ¡, °“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈ µàÕ§«“¡ª√–惵‘À√◊Õ°“√°√–∑”¢Õß°≈ÿà¡∫ÿ§§≈π—ÈπÊ e465 ∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑“ß —ߧ¡, «‘∂’ªØ‘∫—µ‘ ·≈– ≈—∑∏‘‡»√…∞°‘®°“√‡¡◊Õß ®“√’µª√–‡æ≥’, °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘, °Ø‡°≥±å·≈–√–∫∫¢Õߧà“π‘¬¡·≈–∫√√∑—¥∞“π¢Õߧ«“¡‡™◊ËÕ (‡™àπ ≈—∑∏‘, ∫√√∑—¥∞“π„π°“√¡Õß‚≈°, ·≈–ª√—™≠“∑“ß»’≈∏√√¡) ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„π —ߧ¡·≈–¡’ º≈À√◊Õ°àÕ„À⇰‘¥°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈·≈–惵‘°√√¡ ‡™àπ ∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑“ß —ߧ¡·≈– 惵‘°√√¡∑“ß»“ π“À√◊Õ®√√¬“; ≈—∑∏‘∑“ß»“ π“·≈–∫√√∑—¥∞“π·≈– °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘; ∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑’ˇªìπÀ≈—°ªØ‘∫—µ‘„π°“√æ‘∏’°√√¡À√◊Õ°“√™ÿ¡πÿ¡∑“ß —ߧ¡ e498 ∑—»π§µ‘, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e499 ∑—»π§µ‘, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

191 Environmental Factors ICF Chapter 5 Services, systems and policies This chapter is about: 1. Services that provide benefits, structured programmes and operations, in various sectors of society, designed to meet the needs of individuals. (Included in services are the people who provide them.) Services may be public, private or voluntary, and may be established at a local, community, regional, state, provincial, national or international level by individuals, associations, organizations, agencies or governments. The goods provided by these services may be general or adapted and specially designed. 2. Systems that are administrative control and organizational mechanisms, and are established by governments at the local, regional, national, and international levels, or by other recognized authorities. These systems are designed to organize, control and monitor services that provide benefits, structured programmes and operations in various sectors of society. 3. Policies constituted by rules, regulations, conventions and standards established by governments at the local, regional, national, and international levels, or by other recognized authorities. Policies govern and regulate the systems that organize, control and monitor services, structured programmes and operations in various sectors of society.

e510 Services, systems and policies for the production of consumer goods Services, systems and policies that govern and provide for the production of objects and products consumed or used by people.

e5100 Services for the production of consumer goods Services and programmes for the collection, creation, production and manufacturing of consumer goods and products, such as for products and technology used for mobility, communication, education, transportation, employment and housework, including those who provide these services. Exclusions: education and training services (e5850); communication services (e5350); Chapter 1

e5101 Systems for the production of consumer goods Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms, such as regional, national or international organizations that set standards (e.g. International Organization for Standardization) and consumer bodies, that govern the collection, creation, production and manufacturing of consumer goods and products.

192 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∫∑∑’Ë 5 ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ∫∑π’ȇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ 1. ∫√‘°“√∑’Ë„Àâª√–‚¬™πå, ·ºπ‚§√ß √â“ß·≈–°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π„π “¢“µà“ßÊ ¢Õß —ߧ¡∑’ËÕÕ°·∫∫¡“ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâµ√ß°—∫§«“¡µâÕß°“√¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ (√«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√) ∫√‘°“√¥—ß°≈à“«π’È Õ“®®–‡ªìπ ¢Õß¿“§√—∞ ¢Õ߇հ™πÀ√◊ÕÕ“ “ ¡—§√·≈–Õ“®®–®—¥µ—Èߢ÷Èπ¡“„π√–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ, ™ÿ¡™π, ¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§, √—∞, ®—ßÀ«—¥, √–¥—∫™“µ‘À√◊Õπ“π“™“µ‘ ‚¥¬ªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈, ¡“§¡, Õߧå°√, ”π—°ß“πÀ√◊Õ√—∞∫“≈ ‘π§â“ ·≈–∫√‘°“√¥—ß°≈à“«π’È Õ“®®–‡ªìπ„π√Ÿª∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‰¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ßÀ√◊ÕÕÕ°·∫∫¡“‡ªìπ摇»… 2. √–∫∫ §◊Õ °“√∫√‘À“√°≈‰°·≈–Õߧå°√∑’Ë®—¥µ—Èߢ÷Èπ‚¥¬√—∞∫“≈ √–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ, ¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§À√◊Õ √–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»À√◊Õ‚¥¬Àπ૬ߓπ´÷Ë߇ªìπ∑’ˬա√—∫®“°ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ √–∫∫¥—ß°≈à“«π’È∂Ÿ°ÕÕ°·∫∫¡“ ‡æ◊ËÕ °“√®—¥√–‡∫’¬∫, §«∫§ÿ¡·≈–µ√«® Õ∫¢Õß∫√‘°“√∑’Ë„Àâª√–‚¬™πå, ‚§√ß°“√∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª√à“ß·≈–°“√ ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π„π “¢“µà“ßÊ „π —ߧ¡ 3. π‚¬∫“¬ ∫—≠≠—µ‘¢÷Èπ¡“®“°°Æ, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫, ªØ‘≠≠“, π∏‘ —≠≠“·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’˵—Èߢ÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬ √—∞∫“≈√–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ, ¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§, √–¥—∫™“µ‘À√◊Õπ“π“™“µ‘À√◊Õ‚¥¬Àπ૬ߓπ´÷Ë߇ªìπ∑’ˬա√—∫ π‚¬∫“¬ ¢Õß√—∞®–‡ªìπµ—«°”Àπ¥·≈–§«∫§ÿ¡√–∫∫´÷Ëß®—¥√–‡∫’¬∫, §«∫§ÿ¡·≈–µ√«® Õ∫‚§√ß°“√´÷Ë߇ªìπ√Ÿª ‡ªìπ√à“ß·≈–°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π„π “¢“µà“ßÊ ¢Õß —ߧ¡ e510 ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë°”Àπ¥·≈–®—¥À“„π à«π¢Õß°“√º≈‘µ«—µ∂ÿ·≈–º≈‘µ¿—≥±å∑’Ë ∫√‘‚¿§À√◊Õ„™â‚¥¬ª√–™“™π e5100 ∫√‘°“√ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§ ∫√‘°“√·≈–·ºπ°“√®—¥‡°Á∫, ®—¥∑”·≈–º≈‘µ ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§·≈–º≈‘µ¿—≥±å ‡™àπ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë„™â„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë, °“√ ◊ËÕ “√, °“√»÷°…“, °“√¢π àß, °“√®â“ßß“π·≈–ß“π∫â“π √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√»÷°…“·≈–°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡; e5850 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ (e5350) ∫∑∑’Ë 1 e5101 √–∫∫ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§ °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°≈‰°°“√µ√«® Õ∫ ‡™àπ Õߧ尓√√–¥—∫¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§, √–¥—∫™“µ‘ À√◊Õπ“π“™“µ‘∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡¡“µ√∞“π (‡™àπ Õߧ尓√°”Àπ¥¡“µ√∞“π “°≈) ·≈– Àπ૬ߓπ¥â“πºŸâ∫√‘‚¿§∑’Ë°”Àπ¥°“√®—¥‡°Á∫, ®—¥∑”·≈–º≈‘µ ‘π§â“·≈–º≈‘µ¿—≥±å ∑’Ë„™â∫√‘‚¿§

192 Environmental Factors ICF

e5102 Policies for the production of consumer goods Legislation, regulations and standards for the collection, creation, production and manufacturing of consumer goods and products, such as which standards to adopt.

e5108 Services, systems and policies for the production of consumer goods, other specified

e5109 Services, systems and policies for the production of consumer goods, unspecified

e515 Architecture and construction services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies for the design and construction of buildings, public and private. Exclusion: open space planning services, systems and policies (e520)

e5150 Architecture and construction services Services and programmes for design, construction and maintenance of residential, commercial, industrial and public buildings, such as house-building, the operationalization of design principles, building codes, regulations and standards, including those who provide these services.

e5151 Architecture and construction systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the planning, design, construction and maintenance of residential, commercial, industrial and public buildings, such as for implementing and monitoring building codes, construction standards, and fire and life safety standards.

e5152 Architecture and construction policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the planning, design, construction and maintenance of residential, commercial, industrial and public buildings, such as policies on building codes, construction standards, and fire and life safety standards.

e5158 Architecture and construction services, systems and policies, other specified

e5159 Architecture and construction services, systems and policies, unspecified

193 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5102 π‚¬∫“¬ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß°“√®—¥‡°Á∫, ®—¥∑”, º≈‘µ ‘π§â“·≈– º≈‘µ¿—≥±å ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫√‘‚¿§ ‡™àπ ¡“µ√∞“π°“√¬Õ¡√—∫ ‘π§â“ e5108 ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥Õ’ πÊ◊Ë e5109 ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e515 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡·≈–°“√°àÕ √â“ß√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫·≈–°àÕ √â“ßÕ“§“√ “∏“√≥–·≈–Õ“§“√ à«π ∫§§≈ÿ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√„™âæ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ e5150 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡ ·≈– °“√°àÕ √â“ß ∫√‘°“√·≈–·ºπß“π‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫, °“√°àÕ √â“ß·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬, Õ“§“√æ“≥‘™¬å, ‚√ßß“πÕÿµ “À°√√¡·≈–Õ“§“√ “∏“√≥– ‡™àπ °“√ √â“ß∫â“π, °“√°”À𥫑∏’ªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√¥â“πÀ≈—°°“√¢Õß°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫, °Æ‡°≥±å¢ÕßÕ“§“√, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ e5151 √–∫∫¥â“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡·≈–°“√°àÕ √â“ß °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√«“ß·ºπ, ÕÕ°·∫∫, °àÕ √â“ß·≈– ∫”√ÿß√—°…“∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬, Õ“§“√æ“≥‘™¬å, ‚√ßß“πÕÿµ “À°√√¡·≈–Õ“§“√ “∏“√≥– ‡™àπ «‘∏’°“√µ√«® Õ∫·≈–§«∫§ÿ¡Õ“§“√, ¡“µ√∞“π°“√°àÕ √â“ß·≈–¡“µ√∞“𠧫“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬¢Õß™’«‘µ·≈–§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬®“°Õ—§§’¿—¬ e5152 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡ ·≈– °“√°àÕ √â“ß °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√«“ß·ºπ, °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫ °“√°àÕ √â“ß·≈–°“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬, Õ“§“√æ“≥‘™¬å, ‚√ßß“πÕÿµ “À°√√¡ ·≈– Õ“§“√ “∏“√≥– ‡™àπ π‚¬∫“¬¢Õ߰Ƨ«∫§ÿ¡Õ“§“√, ¡“µ√∞“π°“√°àÕ √â“ß ·≈–¡“µ√∞“𧫓¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬¢Õß™’«‘µ·≈–§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬®“°Õ—§§’¿—¬ e5158 ∫√‘°“√ √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡·≈–°“√°àÕ √â“ß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5159 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡°“√°àÕ √â“ß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

193 Environmental Factors ICF

e520 Open space planning services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies for the planning, design, development and maintenance of public lands, (e.g. parks, forests, shorelines, wetlands) and private lands in the rural, suburban and urban context. Exclusion: architecture and construction services, systems and policies (e515)

e5200 Open space planning services Services and programmes aimed at planning, creating and maintaining urban, suburban, rural, recreational, conservation and environmental space, meeting and commercial open spaces (plazas, open-air markets) and pedestrian and vehicular transportation routes for intended uses, including those who provide these services. Exclusions: products for design, building and construction for public (e150) and private (e155) use; products of land development (e160)

e5201 Open space planning systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms, such as for the implementation of local, regional or national planning acts, design codes, heritage or conservation policies and environmental planning policy, that govern the planning, design, development and maintenance of open space, including rural, suburban and urban land, parks, conservation areas and wildlife reserves.

e5202 Open space planning policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the planning, design, development and maintenance of open space, including rural land, suburban land, urban land, parks, conservation areas and wildlife reserves, such as local, regional or national planning acts, design codes, heritage or conservation policies, and environmental planning policies.

e5208 Open space planning services, systems and policies, other specified

e5209 Open space planning services, systems and policies, unspecified

e525 Housing services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies for the provision of shelters, dwellings or lodging for people.

194 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e520 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√„™âæ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√«“ß·ºπ, ÕÕ°·∫∫, æ—≤π“·≈–¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“æ◊Èπ∑’Ë “∏“√≥– (‡™àπ «π “∏“√≥–, ªÉ“, ™“¬Ωíòß, ∑’Ë≈ÿà¡) ·≈–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë à«π∫ÿ§§≈„π‡¢µ™π∫∑, ™“π‡¡◊Õß·≈–„πµ—«‡¡◊Õß ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡·≈–°“√°àÕ √â“ß (e515) e5200 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√„™âæ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ ∫√‘°“√·≈–·ºπß“π∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬‡æ◊ËÕ°“√«“ß·ºπ, ®—¥µ—Èß·≈–¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“æ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“ß ‡ª≈à“„π∫√‘‡«≥µ—«‡¡◊Õß, ™“π‡¡◊Õß, ™π∫∑, æ◊Èπ∑’ËÕπÿ√—°…å ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡, æ◊Èπ∑’Ë™ÿ¡πÿ¡ À√◊Õ°“√æ“≥‘™¬å (µ≈“¥π—¥À√◊Õµ≈“¥π—¥°≈“ß·®âß) ·≈–∑“߇¥‘π·≈–∑“ß —≠®√ ¢Õ߬“πæ“Àπ– √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å¢Õß°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫·≈–°àÕ √â“ß ”À√—∫ “∏“√≥–ª√–‚¬™πå (e150); ·≈– à«π∫ÿ§§≈ (e155); º≈º≈‘µ¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘π (e160) e5201 √–∫∫¢Õß°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√„™âæ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫ ‡™àπ °“√ÕÕ°°Æ§«∫§ÿ¡ °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫·≈–°“√ «“ß·ºπ°“√Õπÿ√—°…å¡√¥°¢Õߪ√–‡∑»À√◊Õπ‚¬∫“¬Õπÿ√—°…åÕ◊ËπÊ ∑—Èß„π√–¥—∫∑âÕß ∂‘Ëπ, ¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§À√◊Õ√–¥—∫™“µ‘∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ°“√«“ß·ºπ, °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫ °“√æ—≤π“·≈– °“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“æ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ ´÷Ëߧ√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∂÷߇¢µªÉ“ ß«πÀ√◊ÕÕπÿ√—°…åæ—π∏ÿå —µ«å ªÉ“, Õÿ∑¬“π·≈–æ◊Èπ∑’ËÕ◊ËπÊ „π‡¢µ‡¡◊Õß, ‡¢µ™“π‡¡◊Õß·≈–™π∫∑ e5202 π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√„™âæ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√«“ß·ºπ, °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫, °“√æ—≤π“·≈–°“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“æ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ Õ—π‰¥â·°à ∑’Ë¥‘π„π™π∫∑, ∑’Ë¥‘π ™“π‡¡◊Õß, ∑’Ë¥‘π„π‡¡◊Õß, Õÿ∑¬“π, ‡¢µªÉ“ ß«πÀ√◊ÕÕπÿ√—°…åæ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“ ‡™àπ °ÆÀ¡“¬À√◊Õ ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫√–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ, √–¥—∫¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§À√◊Õ√–¥—∫™“µ‘∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ °“√Õπÿ√—°…å¡√¥°À√◊Õπ‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√Õπÿ√—°…åÕ◊ËπÊ ·≈–π‚¬∫“¬°“√«“ß·ºπ¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡Õ◊ËπÊ e5208 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√„™âæ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5209 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√„™âæ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e525 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√‡§À– ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√®—¥À“∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬·≈–∑’Ëæ”π—°™—Ë«§√“«„Àâ·°àª√–™“™π

194 Environmental Factors ICF

e5250 Housing services Services and programmes aimed at locating, providing and maintaining houses or shelters for persons to live in, such as estate agencies, housing organizations, shelters for homeless people, including those who provide these services.

e5251 Housing systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern housing or sheltering of people, such as systems for implementing and monitoring housing policies.

e5252 Housing policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern housing or sheltering of people, such as legislation and policies for determination of eligibility for housing or shelter, policies concerning government involvement in developing and maintaining housing, and policies concerning how and where housing is developed.

e5258 Housing services, systems and policies, other specified

e5259 Housing services, systems and policies, unspecified

e530 Utilities services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies for publicly provided utilities, such as water, fuel, electricity, sanitation, public transportation and essential services. Exclusion: civil protection services, systems and policies (e545)

e5300 Utilities services Services and programmes supplying the population as a whole with essential energy (e.g. fuel and electricity), sanitation, water and other essential services (e.g. emergency repair services) for residential and commercial consumers, including those who provide these services.

e5301 Utilities systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the provision of utilities services, such as health and safety boards and consumer councils.

195 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5250 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√‡§À– ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√®—¥µ—Èß, ®—¥À“·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ∫ÿ§§≈‰¥â„™â„π°“√æ—°Õ“»—¬ ‡™àπ °‘®°“√∫â“π®—¥ √√, Õߧ尓√¥â“π°“√‡§À–, ∑’Ëæ”π—°™—Ë«§√“« ”À√—∫ºŸâ‰√â∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ e5251 √–∫∫°“√‡§À– °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’Ë„™â‡ªìπµ—«§«∫§ÿ¡Õ“§“√∫â“π‡√◊Õπ·≈–∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬ Õ◊Ë𠇙àπ √–∫∫π‚¬∫“¬°“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–µ√«® Õ∫¥â“π°“√‡§À– e5252 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√‡§À– °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’ˇªìπµ—«§«∫§ÿ¡‡√◊ËÕß°“√‡§À–À√◊Õ°“√ ®—¥∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬„Àâª√–™“™π ‡™àπ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ ‘∑∏‘¢Õß ∫ÿ§§≈„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√‡§À–·≈–∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬ π‚¬∫“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫∑∫“∑¢Õß√—∞„π°“√ æ—≤π“ ·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“¥â“π°“√‡§À–·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ëæ—° Õ“»—¬ e5258 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√‡§À–, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5259 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√‡§À–, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e530 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√®—¥∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ ‡™àπ πÈ”ª√–ª“, ‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß, °√–· ‰øøÑ“, ÿ¢Õπ“¡—¬, °“√¢π àß “∏“√≥–, ·≈–∫√‘°“√∑’Ë®”‡ªìπÕ◊ËπÊ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√§ÿ⡧√Õߪ√–™“™π (e545) e5300 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë®—¥À“æ≈—ßß“π∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ (‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß·≈–°√–· ‰øøÑ“), ÿ¢Õπ“¡—¬, πÈ”ª√–ª“·≈–∫√‘°“√∑’Ë®”‡ªìπÕ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ∫√‘°“√´àÕ¡·´¡©ÿ°‡©‘π) „Àâ°—∫ª√–™“™π„π¬à“π∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬·≈–¬à“π°“√æ“≥‘™¬å e5301 √–∫∫¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√®—¥À“∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥– ‡™àπ ∫√‘°“√¥â“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, °√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈¥â“𧫓¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬·≈–Àπ૬ߓπ∑’Ë∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë §¡§√Õߥÿâ Ÿ·≈º∫√Ÿâ ‚¿§‘

195 Environmental Factors ICF

e5302 Utilities policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the provision of utilities services, such as health and safety standards governing delivery and supply of water and fuel, sanitation practices in communities, and policies for other essential services and supply during shortages or natural disasters.

e5308 Utilities services, systems and policies, other specified

e5309 Utilities services, systems and policies, unspecified

e535 Communication services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies for the transmission and exchange of information.

e5350 Communication services Services and programmes aimed at transmitting information by a variety of methods such as telephone, fax, surface and air mail, electronic mail and other computer-based systems (e.g. telephone relay, teletype, teletext, and internet services), including those who provide these services. Exclusion: media services (e5600)

e5351 Communication systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms, such as telecommunication regulation authorities and other such bodies, that govern the transmission of information by a variety of methods, including telephone, fax, surface and air mail, electronic mail and computer-based systems.

e5352 Communication policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the transmission of information by a variety of methods including telephone, fax, post office, electronic mail and computer-based systems, such as eligibility for access to communication services, requirements for a postal address, and standards for provision of telecommunications.

e5358 Communication services, systems and policies, other specified

e5359 Communication services, systems and policies, unspecified

e540 Transportation services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies for enabling people or goods to move or be moved from one location to another.

196 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5302 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥– ‡™àπ °“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, ¡“µ√∞“𧫓¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√ àß·≈–°“√‡°Á∫√—°…“πÈ” ª√–ª“ ·≈–‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß, °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√¥â“π ÿ¢Õπ“¡—¬„π™ÿ¡™π·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ”À√—∫ ∫√‘°“√∑’Ë®”‡ªìπÕ◊ËπÊ √«¡∑—Èß°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√„π™à«ß∑’Ë¢“¥·§≈πÀ√◊Õ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’¿—¬∏√√¡™“µ‘ e5308 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5309 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e535 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬„π°“√√—∫ àß·≈–·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ e5350 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ߧå„π°“√ àߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬ ‡™àπ ‚∑√»—æ∑å, ‚∑√ “√, ‰ª√…≥’¬å∏√√¡¥“·≈–‰ª√…≥’¬åÕ“°“», ‰ª√…≥’¬å Õ‘‡≈§∑√Õ𑧠å·≈–√–∫∫∞“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å ‡™à𠇧√◊ËÕß∂à“¬∑Õ¥ —≠≠“≥∑“ß ‚∑√»—æ∑å, ‡§√◊ËÕß àߢâÕ§«“¡, √–∫∫𔇠πÕ¢âÕ§«“¡∑“ß‚∑√∑—»πå·≈–∫√‘°“√ Õ‘π‡µÕ√å‡πÁµ √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ◊ËÕ (e5600) e5351 √–∫∫¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫ ‡™àπ Àπ૬ߓπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ÕÕ°°Æ§«∫§ÿ¡ ¥â“π‚∑√§¡π“§¡À√◊ÕÀπ૬ߓπÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√ àß¢à“« “√ ‚¥¬ «‘∏’°“√∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬ ‡™àπ ‚∑√»—æ∑å, ‚∑√ “√, ‰ª√…≥’¬å∏√√¡¥“·≈–‰ª√…≥’¬å Õ“°“», ‰ª√…≥’¬åÕ‘‡≈§∑√Õ𑧠å, ·≈–√–∫∫∞“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å e5352 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√ àߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√ ∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬ ‰¥â·°à ∑“ß‚∑√»—æ∑å, ‚∑√ “√, ”π—°ß“π‰ª√…≥’¬å, ‰ª√…≥’¬å Õ‘‡≈§∑√Õπ‘§ å ·≈–√–∫∫∞“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å ‡™àπ „Àâ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√‡¢â“∂÷ß∫√‘°“√ ¢Õß°“√ ◊ËÕ “√, ¢âÕ°”Àπ¥„π°“√®—¥∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∑“߉ª√…≥’¬å·≈–¡“µ√∞“π„π°“√„Àâ ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ e5358 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5359 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e540 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√¢π àß ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ”À√—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬ºŸâ§π·≈– ‘π§â“®“°∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߉ª¬—ßÕ’°∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß

196 Environmental Factors ICF

e5400 Transportation services Services and programmes aimed at moving persons or goods by road, paths, rail, air or water, by public or private transport, including those who provide these services. Exclusion: products for personal mobility and transportation (e115)

e5401 Transportation systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the moving of persons or goods by road, paths, rail, air or water, such as systems for determining eligibility for operating vehicles and, implementation and monitoring of health and safety standards related to use of different types of transportation. Exclusion: social security services, systems and policies (e570)

e5402 Transportation policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the moving of persons or goods by road, paths, rail, air or water, such as transportation planning acts and policies, policies for the provision and access to public transportation.

e5408 Transportation services, systems and policies, other specified

e5409 Transportation services, systems and policies, unspecified

e545 Civil protection services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies aimed at safeguarding people and property. Exclusion: utilities services, systems and policies (e530)

e5450 Civil protection services Services and programmes organized by the community and aimed at safeguarding people and property, such as fire, police, emergency and ambulance services, including those who provide these services.

e5451 Civil protection systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the safeguarding of people and property, such as systems by which provision of police, fire, emergency and ambulance services are organized.

197 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5400 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√¢π àß ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬ºŸâ§π·≈– ‘π§â“‚¥¬ ∑“ß∂ππ, ∑“߇¥‘π, √∂‰ø, ∑“ßÕ“°“»À√◊Õ∑“ßπÈ” ‚¥¬°“√¢π àß¡«≈™πÀ√◊Õ°“√ ¢π àߢÕ߇հ™π ‰¡à√«¡ : º≈‘µ¿—≥±å ”À√—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬À√◊Õ°“√¢π àß à«π∫ÿ§§≈ (e115) e5401 √–∫∫¥â“π°“√¢π àß °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬¢ÕߺŸâ§π·≈– ‘ËߢÕß ‚¥¬∑“ß∂ππ, ∑“߇¥‘π, √∂‰ø, ∑“ßÕ“°“»À√◊Õ∑“ßπÈ” ‡™àπ √–∫∫∑’Ë„™â„π°“√µ√«® Õ∫¬“πæ“Àπ–·≈–°“√ÕÕ°°Æ·≈–µ‘¥µ“¡µ√«® Õ∫¥â“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢·≈– ¡“µ√∞“𧫓¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√¢π àß™π‘¥µà“ßÊ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ (e570) e5402 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√¢π àß °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬¢ÕߺŸâ§π·≈– ‘π§â“ ‚¥¬∑“ß∂ππ, ∑“߇¥‘π, √∂‰ø, ∑“ßÕ“°“»À√◊Õ∑“ßπÈ” ‡™àπ °ÆÀ¡“¬·≈– π‚¬∫“¬°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√¢π àß π‚¬∫“¬°“√®—¥À“·≈–°“√‡¢â“∂÷ß°“√¢π àß “∏“√≥– e5408 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√¢π àß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5409 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√¢π àß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e545 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬„π°“√ª°ªÑÕߧÿ⡧√Õßæ≈‡¡◊Õß ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√„À⧫“¡§ÿ⡧√ÕߺŸâ§π·≈–∑√—æ¬å ‘π ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ e5450 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√ª°ªÑÕßæ≈‡¡◊Õß √–∫∫·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë®—¥¢÷Èπ‚¥¬™ÿ¡™π·≈–¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√„À⧫“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬ ·°àª√–™“™π·≈–∑√—æ¬å ‘π, ‡™àπ µ”√«®¥—∫‡æ≈‘ß, µ”√«®, ∫√‘°“√√∂欓∫“≈ ·≈–∫√‘°“√©ÿ°‡©‘π √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ e5451 √–∫∫¥â“π°“√ª°ªÑÕßæ≈‡¡◊Õß °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√„À⧫“¡§ÿ⡧√Õß·°àª√–™“™π·≈– ∑√—æ¬å ‘𠇙àπ °“√®—¥À“°”≈—ßµ”√«®, °“√®—¥Àπ૬¥—∫‡æ≈‘ß·≈–®—¥µ—Èß∫√‘°“√√∂ 欓∫“≈·≈–∫√‘°“√©ÿ°‡©‘πÕ◊ËπÊ

197 Environmental Factors ICF

e5452 Civil protection policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the safeguarding of people and property, such as policies governing provision of police, fire, emergency and ambulance services.

e5458 Civil protection services, systems and policies, other specified

e5459 Civil protection services, systems and policies, unspecified

e550 Legal services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies concerning the legislation and other law of a country.

e5500 Legal services Services and programmes aimed at providing the authority of the state as defined in law, such as courts, tribunals and other agencies for hearing and settling civil litigation and criminal trials, attorney representation, services of notaries, mediation, arbitration and correctional or penal facilities, including those who provide these services.

e5501 Legal systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the administration of justice, such as systems for implementing and monitoring formal rules (e.g. laws, regulations, customary law, religious law, international laws and conventions).

e5502 Legal policies Legislation, regulations and standards, such as laws, customary law, religious law, international laws and conventions, that govern the administration of justice.

e5508 Legal services, systems and policies, other specified

e5509 Legal services, systems and policies, unspecified

e555 Associations and organizational services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies relating to groups of people who have joined together in the pursuit of common, noncommercial interests, often with an associated membership structure.

198 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5452 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ª°ªÑÕßæ≈‡¡◊Õß °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’ˇªìπµ—«°”Àπ¥°“√„À⧫“¡§ÿ⡧√Õß·°à ºŸâ§π ·≈–∑√—æ¬å ‘𠇙àπ π‚¬∫“¬„π°“√®—¥À“µ”√«®, µ”√«®¥—∫‡æ≈‘ß, ∫√‘°“√ ©ÿ°‡©‘π ·≈–√∂欓∫“≈ e5458 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬„π°“√ª°ªÑÕßæ≈‡¡◊Õß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5459 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬„π°“√ª°ªÑÕßæ≈‡¡◊Õß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e550 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√√à“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬·≈–°ÆÀ¡“¬Õ◊ËπÊ ¢Õߪ√–‡∑» ÀπßÊ÷Ë e5500 ∫√‘°“√∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬ ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√∑’Ë®–„ÀâÕ”π“®µ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬·°àÀπ૬ߓπ ¢Õß√—∞ ‡™àπ »“≈À√◊ÕÀπ૬ߓπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√µ—¥ ‘𧥒§«“¡Õ◊ËπÊ À√◊Õµ—¥ ‘𠧥’Õ“≠“, °“√À“∑𓬧«“¡‡æ◊ËÕ«à“§«“¡„Àâ·≈–∫√‘°“√¥â“π°ÆÀ¡“¬Õ◊ËπÊ, °“√‰°≈à ‡°≈’ˬª√–π’ª√–πÕ¡, Õπÿ≠“‚µµÿ≈“°“√·≈–ß“π¥â“π√“™∑—≥±åÀ√◊Õ°“√°—°¢—ß≈ß‚∑… Õ◊ËπÊ √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ e5501 √–∫∫∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬ °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√∫√‘À“√ß“π¬ÿµ‘∏√√¡ ‡™àπ √–∫∫¢Õß °“√π”°ÆÀ¡“¬¡“„™â·≈–°“√µ‘¥µ“¡µ√«® Õ∫°“√„™â°ÆÀ¡“¬π—ÈπÊ (‡™àπ °ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫, ®“√’µª√–‡æ≥’∑’ˇªìπ°ÆÀ¡“¬, °ÆÀ¡“¬∑’Ë¡“®“°À≈—°»“ π“, °ÆÀ¡“¬√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈– π∏‘ —≠≠“Õ◊ËπÊ) e5502 π‚¬∫“¬∑“ߥâ“π°ÆÀ¡“¬ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“𠇙àπ °ÆÀ¡“¬, °ÆÀ¡“¬∑’Ë¡“®“°®“√’µ ª√–‡æ≥’, °ÆÀ¡“¬∑’Ë¡“®“°À≈—°»“ π“, °ÆÀ¡“¬√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈– π∏‘ —≠≠“ ∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√∫√‘À“√ß“π¬ÿµ‘∏√√¡ e5508 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5509 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e555 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ¡“§¡·≈–Õߧ尓√ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ∑’Ë√«¡µ—«°—π„π∑“ß∑’ˉ¡à‡°’ˬ«°—∫ °“√§â“ ‡æ◊ËÕ®ÿ¥ª√– ߧåÕ—π‡¥’¬«°—π ´÷Ëß¡—°®–‡ªìπ„π√Ÿª¢ÕßÕߧå°√ ¡’‚§√ß √â“ߪ√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ¡“™‘°

198 Environmental Factors ICF

e5550 Associations and organizational services Services and programmes provided by people who have joined together in the pursuit of common, noncommercial interests with people who have the same interests, where the provision of such services may be tied to membership, such as associations and organizations providing recreation and leisure, sporting, cultural, religious and mutual aid services.

e5551 Associations and organizational systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the relationships and activities of people coming together with common noncommercial interests and the establishment and conduct of associations and organizations such as mutual aid organizations, recreational and leisure organizations, cultural and religious associations and not-for- profit organizations.

e5552 Associations and organizational policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the relationships and activities of people coming together with common noncommercial interests, such as policies that govern the establishment and conduct of associations and organizations, including mutual aid organizations, recreational and leisure organizations, cultural and religious associations and not-for-profit organizations.

e5558 Associations and organizational services, systems and policies, other specified

e5559 Associations and organizational services, systems and policies, unspecified

e560 Media services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies for the provision of mass communication through radio, television, newspapers and internet.

e5600 Media services Services and programmes aimed at providing mass communication, such as radio, television, closed captioning services, press reporting services, newspapers, Braille services and computer-based mass communication (world wide web, internet), including those who provide these services. Exclusion: communication services (e5350)

199 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5550 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ¡“§¡·≈–Õߧå°√ ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë„Àâ‚¥¬∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë√«¡µ—«°—π‚¥¬‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√§â“‰¡àÀ«—ߺ≈ °”‰√ ‚¥¬°“√®—¥„Àâ∫√‘°“√¥—ß°≈à“«®–Õ¬Ÿà„πÀ¡Ÿà¢Õß ¡“™‘° ‡™àπ ¡“§¡À√◊ÕÕߧå°√ ∑’Ë®—¥À“‡√◊ËÕß∑“ߥâ“π —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√æ—°ºàÕπÀ¬àÕπ„®, °“√°’Ó, «—≤π∏√√¡, »“ π“·≈–∫√‘°“√√à«¡¡◊ՙ૬‡À≈◊Õ´÷Ëß°—π·≈–°—π e5551 √–∫∫¥â“π ¡“§¡·≈–Õߧå°√ °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°‘®°√√¡·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ∑’Ë¡“√«¡°≈ÿà¡°—π‚¥¬‰¡àÀ«—ߺ≈°”‰√„π°“√®—¥µ—ÈßÀπ૬ߓπ„π°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π¢Õß ¡“§¡·≈–Õߧå°√π—ÈπÊ ‡™àπ Õߧå°√∑’Ë„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ√à«¡°—π, Õߧå°√∑’Ë ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕߥâ“π —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√æ—°ºàÕπÀ¬àÕπ„®, ¡“§¡¥â“π«—≤π∏√√¡·≈– »“ π“·≈–Õߧå°√∑’Ë®—¥¢÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬‰¡à· «ßÀ“°”‰√ e5552 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ¡“§¡ ·≈–Õߧå°√ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°‘®°√√¡·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õß °≈ÿà¡∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡“√«¡°—π ‚¥¬¡’®ÿ¥ª√– ߧå∑’ˉ¡àÀ«—ߺ≈°”‰√ ‡™àπ °“√°”Àπ¥ π‚¬∫“¬„π°“√®—¥µ—Èß ¡“§¡À√◊ÕÕߧå°√∑’˧լ§«∫§ÿ¡°“√®—¥µ—Èß·≈–°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ ¢Õß ¡“§¡ ·≈–Õߧå°√µà“ßÊ ‡™àπ Õߧå°√∑’Ë„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ√à«¡°—π, Õߧå°√∑’Ë ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕߥâ“π —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√æ—°ºàÕπÀ¬àÕπ„®, ¡“§¡¥â“π»“ π“·≈– «—≤π∏√√¡·≈–Õߧå°√∑’Ë®—¥¢÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬‰¡à· «ßÀ“°”‰√ e5558 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ¡“§¡·≈–Õߧå°√, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5559 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ¡“§¡·≈–Õߧå°√, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e560 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ◊ËÕ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√®—¥°“√ ◊ËÕ “√¡«≈™πºà“π«‘∑¬ÿ, ‚∑√∑—»πå, Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå ·≈–Õ‘π‡µÕ√å‡πÁµ e5600 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ◊ËÕ ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√®—¥°“√ ◊ËÕ “√¡«≈™π ‡™àπ «‘∑¬ÿ, ‚∑√∑—»πå, ∫√‘°“√¢Õß°“√∫√√¬“¬¥â«¬¢âÕ§«“¡, °“√√“¬ß“π¢à“«, Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå, ∫√‘°“√Õ—°…√ Braille, ·≈–°“√ ◊ËÕ “√¡«≈™πºà“π∑“ߧա摫‡µÕ√å world wide web internet √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ◊ËÕ (e5350)

199 Environmental Factors ICF

e5601 Media systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the provision of news and information to the general public, such as standards that govern the content, distribution, dissemination, access to and methods of communicating via radio, television, press reporting services, newspapers and computer-based mass communication (world wide web, internet). Inclusions: requirements to provide closed captions on television, Braille versions of newspapers or other publications, and teletext radio transmissions Exclusion: communication systems (e5351)

e5602 Media policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the provision of news and information to the general public, such as policies that govern the content, distribution, dissemination, access to and methods of communicating via radio, television, press reporting services, newspapers and computer-based mass communication (world wide web, internet). Exclusion: communication policies (e5352)

e5608 Media services, systems and policies, other specified

e5609 Media services, systems and policies, unspecified

e565 Economic services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies related to the overall system of production, distribution, consumption and use of goods and services. Exclusion: social security services, systems and policies (e570)

e5650 Economic services Services and programmes aimed at the overall production, distribution, consumption and use of goods and services, such as the private commercial sector (e.g. businesses, corporations, private for-profit ventures), the public sector (e.g. public, commercial services such as cooperatives and corporations), financial organizations (e.g. banks and insurance services), including those who provide these services. Exclusions: utilities services (e5300 ); labour and employment services (e5900)

200 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5601 √–∫∫¢Õß Õ◊Ë °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ Ÿà “∏“√≥™π ‡™àπ ¡“µ√∞“π„π°“√°”Àπ¥‡π◊ÈÕ§«“¡¢ÕߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√, °“√‡º¬·æ√à·≈–°“√°√–®“¬ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√, °“√√—∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√·≈–«‘∏’°“√√—∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ºà“π∑“ß«‘∑¬ÿ, ‚∑√∑—»πå, ∫√‘°“√¢à“« “√, Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå·≈–°“√ ◊ËÕ “√¡«≈™πºà“π∑“ß §Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å (world wide web internet) √«¡ : §«“¡µâÕß°“√„π°“√„Àâ°“√∫√√¬“¬¢âÕ§«“¡„π‚∑√∑—»πå, Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå À√◊ÕÀπ—ß ◊ÕÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’ˇªìπ Braille ·≈–°“√∫√‘°“√¢âÕ§«“¡∑“ß‚∑√∑—»πå ‰¡à√«¡ : √–∫∫°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ (e5352) e5602 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ◊ËÕ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√®—¥À“¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√‰ª Ÿà “∏“√≥™π ‡™àπ π‚¬∫“¬∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ“¢Õß¢à“« “√, °“√‡º¬·æ√à·≈–°“√ °√–®“¬¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ °“√√—∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√·≈–«‘∏’°“√√—∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√π—ÈπÊ ‡™àπ ∑“ß«‘∑¬ÿ, ‚∑√∑—»πå, ∫√‘°“√°“√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√, Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå·≈–°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ ¡«≈™πºà“π∑“ߧա摫‡µÕ√å (world wide web internet) ‰¡à√«¡ : √–∫∫°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ (e5352) e5608 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ◊ËÕ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5609 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ◊ËÕ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e565 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“߇»√…∞°‘® ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫°“√º≈‘µ, °“√·®°®à“¬, °“√∫√‘‚¿§·≈– °“√„™â ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ e5650 ∫√°“√¥‘ “π‡»√…∞°â ®‘ ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√º≈‘µ, °“√·®°®à“¬, °“√∫√‘‚¿§ ·≈–°“√„™â ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ‡™àπ °“√§â“„π¿“§¢Õ߇հ™π (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ∏ÿ√°‘®, À°√≥å, ∏ÿ√°‘®‡æ◊Ëէ⓰”‰√), ¿“§√—∞∫“≈ (‡™àπ ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√§â“¢Õß√—∞ ‡ªìπµâπ«à“ À°√≥å·≈–«‘ “À°‘®), Àπ૬ߓπ∑“ß°“√‡ß‘π, (‡™àπ ∏𓧓√À√◊Õ ∫√‘°“√ª√–°—π¿—¬) √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ (e5300); ∫√‘°“√¥â“π·√ßß“π·≈–®â“ßß“π (e5900)

200 Environmental Factors ICF

e5651 Economic syst ems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the production, distribution, consumption and use of goods and services, such as systems for implementing and monitoring economic policies. Exclusions: utilities systems (e5301); labour and employment systems (e5901)

e5652 Economic policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the production, distribution, consumption and use of goods and services, such as economic doctrines adopted and implemented by governments. Exclusions: utilities policies (e5302); labour and employment policies (e5902)

e5658 Economic services, systems and policies, other specified

e5659 Economic services, systems and policies, unspecified

e570 Social security services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies aimed at providing income support to people who, because of age, poverty, unemployment, health condition or disability, require public assistance that is funded either by general tax revenues or contributory schemes. Exclusion: economic services, systems and policies (e565)

e5700 Social security services Services and programmes aimed at providing income support to people who, because of age, poverty, unemployment, health condition or disability, require public assistance that is funded either by general tax revenues or contributory schemes, such as services for determining eligibility, delivering or distributing assistance payments for the following types of programmes: social assistance programmes (e.g. non-contributory welfare, poverty or other needs-based compensation), social insurance programmes (e.g. contributory accident or unemployment insurance), and disability and related pension schemes (e.g. income replacement), including those who provide these services. Exclusions: health services (e5800)

201 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5651 √–∫∫‡»√…∞°‘® °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√º≈‘µ, °“√·®°®à“¬, °“√∫√‘‚¿§, ·≈–°“√„™â ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√ ‡™àπ √–∫∫¢Õß°“√π”¡“µ√°“√§«∫§ÿ¡·≈–µ√«® Õ∫ π‚¬∫“¬‡»√…∞°‘®¡“„™â ‰¡à√«¡ : √–∫∫ “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ (e5301); ∫√‘°“√¥â“π·√ßß“π·≈–°“√®â“ßß“π (e5901) e5652 π‚¬∫“¬‡»√…∞°‘® °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’ˇªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß°”Àπ¥°“√º≈‘µ, °“√·®° ®à“¬, °“√∫√‘‚¿§·≈–°“√„™â ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√ ‡™àπ °“√π”≈—∑∏‘‡»√…∞°‘®°“√‡¡◊Õß ¡“„™â‚¥¬√—∞∫“≈ ‰¡à√«¡ : π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ (e5302); π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π·√ßß“π ·≈–°“√«à“ ®â“ß∑”ß“π (e5902) e5658 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“߇»√…∞°‘®, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5659 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“߇»√…∞°‘®, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e570 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ‡√◊ËÕß√“¬‰¥â·°à∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë ŸßÕ“¬ÿ, ¬“°®π, ‰¡à¡’ß“π∑”æ‘°“√À√◊Õ¡’ªí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ, µâÕß°“√§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ®“°√—∞ ´÷Ëß∫√‘°“√ √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬‡À≈à“π’È„™â‡ß‘π∑’ˉ¥â¡“®“°¿“…’Õ“°√À√◊Õ√–∫∫¢Õß°“√„Àâ‡ß‘π™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ (e565) e5700 ∫√‘°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ‡√◊ËÕß√“¬‰¥â·°à∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë ŸßÕ“¬ÿ, ¬“°‰√â, ‰¡à¡’ß“π∑”, æ‘°“√À√◊Õ¡’ªí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ, µâÕß°“√§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ®“°¿“§√—∞ ´÷Ëß ‘Ë߇À≈à“π’È„™â‡ß‘π∑’ˉ¥â¡“®“°¿“…’Õ“°√À√◊Õ√–∫∫¢Õß°“√„Àâ‡ß‘π™à«¬ ‡À≈◊Õ ‡™àπ ∫√‘°“√¢Õß°“√°”Àπ¥ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√√—∫§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ, °“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬ ‡À≈◊ÕÀ√◊Õ°“√·®°®à“¬‡ß‘π™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ”À√—∫‚§√ß°“√µà“ßÊ ¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È; ‚§√ß°“√„Àâ §«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß —ߧ¡ (‡™à𠂧√ß°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑’ˉ¡àµâÕß¡’°“√®à“¬‡ß‘π∫”√ÿß °Õß∑ÿπ, °“√„Àâ‡ß‘𙥇™¬·°àºŸâ¬“°‰√â) ‚§√ß°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ (‡™àπ °“√ª√–°—π Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ À√◊Õª√–°—π°“√µ°ß“π ´÷Ëß®–µâÕß¡’°“√®à“¬‡ß‘π∫”√ÿß°Õß∑ÿπ¡“°àÕπ∂÷ß ®–¡’ ‘∑∏‘‰¥â√—∫‡ß‘π¢¥‡™¬°Õß∑ÿπ∫”π“≠À√◊Õ∑ÿææ≈¿“æ ‡™àπ °Õß∑ÿ𙥇™¬√“¬ ‰¥â∑’ˇ ’¬‰ª ‡æ√“–‰¡à “¡“√∂∑”ß“π‰¥â) √«¡∂÷ß∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ (e5800)

201 Environmental Factors ICF

e5701 Social security systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the programmes and schemes that provide income support to people who, because of age, poverty, unemployment, health condition or disability, require public assistance, such as systems for the implementation of rules and regulations governing the eligibility for social assistance, welfare, unemployment insurance payments, pensions and disability benefits.

e5702 Social security policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the programmes and schemes that provide income support to people who, because of age, poverty, unemployment, health condition or disability, require public assistance, such as legislation and regulations governing the eligibility for social assistance, welfare, unemployment insurance payments, disability and related pensions and disability benefits.

e5708 Social security services, systems and policies, other specified

e5709 Social security services, systems and policies, unspecified

e575 General social support services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies aimed at providing support to those requiring assistance in areas such as shopping, housework, transport, self-care and care of others, in order to function more fully in society. Exclusions: social security services, systems and policies (e570); personal care providers and personal assistants (e340); health services, systems and policies (e580)

e5750 General social support services Services and programmes aimed at providing social support to people who, because of age, poverty, unemployment, health condition or disability, require public assistance in the areas of shopping, housework, transport, self-care and care of others, in order to function more fully in society.

e5751 General social support systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the programmes and schemes that provide social support to people who, because of age, poverty, unemployment, health condition or disability, require such support, including systems for the implementation of rules and regulations governing eligibility for social support services and the provision of these services.

202 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5701 √–∫∫°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√¢Õß‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë„Àâ°“√™à«¬ ‡À≈◊Õ„π‡√◊ËÕß√“¬‰¥â·°àºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿ, ºŸâ¬“°‰√â, ºŸâ‰¡à¡’ß“π∑” §πæ‘°“√À√◊Õ¡’ªí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ, ºŸâ∑’˵âÕß°“√§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ®“°√—∞ Õ—π‰¥â·°à √–∫∫¢Õß°“√π”°Æ√–‡∫’¬∫ „π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√„Àâ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√√—∫§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õµà“ßÊ ∑“ß —ߧ¡¡“„™â, «— ¥‘°“√, °“√ª√–°—π°“√«à“®â“ß∑”ß“π, ∫”π“≠·≈–§à“™¥‡™¬§«“¡æ‘°“√ e5702 π‚¬∫“¬°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’ˇªìπ‡§√◊ËÕߧ«∫§ÿ¡‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë„Àâ°“√ ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ‡√◊ËÕß√“¬‰¥â·°àºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿ, ºŸâ¬“°‰√â, ºŸâ‰¡à¡’ß“π∑” §πæ‘°“√À√◊Õ¡’ªí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ, ºŸâ∑’˵âÕß°“√§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ®“°√—∞ Õ—π‰¥â·°à °ÆÀ¡“¬·≈–¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫«à“ ¥â«¬ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√‰¥â√—∫§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß —ߧ¡, «— ¥‘°“√, °“√®à“¬‡ß‘πª√–°—π °“√®â“ßß“π, ‡ßπ∫”π“≠À√‘ ◊Õ‡ß‘π™¥‡™¬§«“¡æ‘°“√ e5708 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5709 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e575 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õߧ«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑—Ë«‰ª∑“ß —ߧ¡ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·°àºŸâ∑’˵âÕß°“√§«“¡™à«¬ ‡À≈◊Õ„π‡√◊ËÕßµà“ßÊ ‡™àπ ®—∫®à“¬´◊ÈÕ¢Õß, ß“π∫â“π, °“√‡¥‘π∑“ß, °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß·≈–°“√ ¥Ÿ·≈ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ “¡“√∂„™â™’«‘µ„π —ߧ¡‰¥âÕ¬à“߇µÁ¡∑’Ë¡“°¢÷Èπ ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ (e570); ºŸâ„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµ—« ·≈–ºŸâ„Àâ°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ à«πµ—« (e340); ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ (e580) e5750 ∫√‘°“√¢Õߧ«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑—Ë«‰ª∑“ß —ߧ¡ ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß —ߧ¡·°àºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿ, ºŸâ¬“°‰√â, ºŸâ∑’ˉ¡à¡’ß“π∑”, §πæ‘°“√À√◊Õ¡’ªí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ, ºŸâ∑’˵âÕß°“√§«“¡™à«¬ ‡À≈◊Õ®“°√—∞„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√®—∫®à“¬´◊ÈÕ¢Õß, ß“π∫â“π, °“√¢π àß, °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß ·≈–¥Ÿ·≈ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–„Àâ∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ “¡“√∂„™â™’«‘µÕ¬Ÿà„π —ߧ¡‰¥âÕ¬à“߇µÁ¡∑’Ë¡“° ¢π÷È e5751 √–∫∫¢Õß°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑—Ë«‰ª∑“ß —ߧ¡ °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’ˇªìπ‡§√◊ËÕߧ«∫§ÿ¡‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ∑“ß —ߧ¡·°àºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿ, ºŸâ¬“°‰√â, ºŸâ∑’ˉ¡à¡’ß“π∑”, §πæ‘°“√À√◊Õ¡’ªí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–ºŸâ∑’˵âÕß°“√§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õπ—ÈπÊ √«¡∂÷ß√–∫∫„π°“√π”°Æ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫«à“¥â«¬ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√¢Õ√—∫∫√‘°“√¥â“𧫓¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß —ߧ¡·≈–°“√®—¥§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ π—ÈπÊ „Àâ

202 Environmental Factors ICF

e5752 General social support policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the programme and schemes that provide social support to people who, because of age, poverty, unemployment, health condition or disability, require such support, including legislation and regulations governing eligibility for social support.

e5758 General social support services, systems and policies, other specified

e5759 General social support services, systems and policies, unspecified

e580 Health services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies for preventing and treating health problems, providing medical rehabilitation and promoting a healthy lifestyle. Exclusion: general social support services, systems and policies (e575)

e5800 Health services Services and programmes at a local, community, regional, state or national level, aimed at delivering interventions to individuals for their physical, psychological and social well- being, such as health promotion and disease prevention services, primary care services, acute care, rehabilitation and long-term care services; services that are publicly or privately funded, delivered on a short-term, long-term, periodic or one- time basis, in a variety of service settings such as community, home-based, school and work settings, general hospitals, speciality hospitals, clinics, and residential and non-residential care facilities, including those who provide these services.

e5801 Health systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the range of services provided to individuals for their physical, psychological and social well-being, in a variety of settings including community, home-based, school and work settings, general hospitals, speciality hospitals, clinics, and residential and non-residential care facilities, such as systems for implementing regulations and standards that determine eligibility for services, provision of devices, assistive technology or other adapted equipment, and legislation such as health acts that govern features of a health system such as accessibility, universality, portability, public funding and comprehensiveness.

203 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5752 π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑—Ë«‰ª∑“ß —ߧ¡ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ∑“ß —ߧ¡·°à∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë ŸßÕ“¬ÿ, ºŸâ¬“°‰√â, ºŸâ∑’ˉ¡à¡’ß“π∑”, §πæ‘°“√À√◊Õ¡’ªí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–ºŸâ∑’˵âÕß°“√§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õπ—ÈπÊ √«¡∂÷ß°ÆÀ¡“¬«à“¥â«¬ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√‰¥â √—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ∑“ß —ߧ¡ e5758 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß —ߧ¡∑—Ë«‰ª, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5759 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß —ߧ¡∑—Ë«‰ª, ∑‰¡’Ë ‰¥à â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ¬¥’ e580 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ÿ¢¿“æ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬„π°“√ª°ªÑÕß·≈–√—°…“ ÿ¢¿“æ, °“√„Àâ°“√øóôπøŸ ¡√√∂¿“æ ∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å·≈–°“√„Àâ°“√ π—∫ πÿπ°“√„™â™’«‘µ∑’Ë∂Ÿ° ÿ¢≈—°…≥– ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑—Ë«‰ª∑“ß —ߧ¡ (e575) e5800 ∫√‘°“√ ÿ¢¿“æ ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√µà“ßÊ √–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ, √–¥—∫™ÿ¡™π, √–¥—∫¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§, √–¥—∫√—∞, À√◊Õ√–¥—∫™“µ‘∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√‡¢â“‰ª„À⧫“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà∑’Ë¥’∑“ß√à“ß°“¬, ∑“ß ®‘µ„®·≈–§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà∑’Ë¥’∑“ß —ߧ¡·°à∫ÿ§§≈ ‡™àπ °“√„Àâ°“√∫√‘°“√ à߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢ ¿“æ·≈–ªÑÕß°—π‚√§, °“√∫√‘°“√√–¥—∫ª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘; ∫√‘°“√√–¬–‡©’¬∫æ≈—π ∫√‘°“√ øóôπøŸ ¡√√∂¿“æ·≈–°“√¥Ÿ·≈√–¬–¬“« ∫√‘°“√∑’Ë„™â‡ß‘π∑ÿπ¢Õß√—∞∫“≈À√◊Õ‡Õ°™π, ∫√‘°“√∑’Ë„Àâ„™â„π√–¬– —ÈπÀ√◊Õ√–¬–¬“«À√◊Õ„À⇪ìπ§√—Èߧ√“«À√◊Õ„Àâ‡æ’¬ß§√—È߇¥’¬« „π∫√‘°“√∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬ ‡™àπ „π™ÿ¡™π, ∑’Ë∫â“π, „π‚√߇√’¬πÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë∑”ß“π, „π‚√ß æ¬“∫“≈∑—Ë«‰ª ‚√ß欓∫“≈‡©æ“–‚√§, §≈‘π‘°, ·≈– ∂“π∑’Ë„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ Õ◊ËπÊ √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ e5801 √–∫∫ ÿ¢¿“æ °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡∫√‘°“√™π‘¥µà“ßÊ ∑’Ë„Àâ‡æ◊ËÕ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà ∑’Ë¥’∑“ß —ߧ¡∑“ß√à“ß°“¬·≈–∑“ß®‘µ„®¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈„π ∂“π∑’˵à“ßÊ °—𠇙àπ „π ™ÿ¡™π, ∑’Ë∫â“π, „π‚√߇√’¬πÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë∑”ß“π, „π‚√ß欓∫“≈∑—Ë«‰ª, „π‚√ß欓∫“≈ ‡©æ“–‚√§, §≈‘π‘°·≈– ∂“π∑’Ë„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æÕ◊ËπÊ √–∫∫‡À≈à“π’È ‰¥â·°à √–∫∫°“√π”°Æ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫¡“„™â·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’ˇªìπµ—«°”Àπ¥ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√√—∫∫√‘°“√, °“√®—¥À“‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ, ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕÀ√◊ÕÕÿª°√≥å∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ß Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–°ÆÀ¡“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡√–∫∫°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ‡™àπ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√„™â∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, °“√§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡Õ¬à“ß∑—Ë«∂÷ߢÕß°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√, ∫√‘°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë, ‡ß‘π∑ÿπ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ®“°¿“§√—∞·≈–°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√‚¥¬√«¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥

203 Environmental Factors ICF

e5802 Health policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the range of services provided to individuals for their physical, psychological and social well-being, in a variety of settings including community, home-based, school and work settings, general hospitals, speciality hospitals, clinics, and residential and non-residential care facilities, such as policies and standards that determine eligibility for services, provision of devices, assistive technology or other adapted equipment, and legislation such as health acts that govern features of a health system such as accessibility, universality, portability, public funding and comprehensiveness.

e5808 Health services, systems and policies, other specified

e5809 Health services, systems and policies, unspecified

e585 Education and training services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies for the acquisition, maintenance and improvement of knowledge, expertise and vocational or artistic skills. See UNESCO's International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-1997).

e5850 Education and training services Services and programmes concerned with education and the acquisition, maintenance and improvement of knowledge, expertise and vocational or artistic skills, such as those provided for different levels of education (e.g. preschool, primary school, secondary school, post-secondary institutions, professional programmes, training and skills programmes, apprenticeships and continuing education), including those who provide these services.

e5851 Education and training systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the delivery of education programmes, such as systems for the implementation of policies and standards that determine eligibility for public or private education and special needs-based programmes; local, regional or national boards of education or other authoritative bodies that govern features of the education systems, including curricula, size of classes, numbers of schools in a region, fees and subsidies, special meal programmes and after-school care services.

204 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5802 π‚¬∫“¬ ÿ¢¿“æ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡∫√‘°“√µà“ßÊ ∑’Ë„Àâ‡æ◊ËÕ§«“¡ ‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¥’∑“ß√à“ß°“¬, ∑“ß®‘µ„®·≈–§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà∑’Ë¥’∑“ß —ߧ¡·°à∫ÿ§§≈„π ∂“π∑’Ë µà“ßÊ °—𠇙àπ „π™ÿ¡™π, ∑’Ë∫â“π, „π‚√߇√’¬πÀ√◊Õ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π, „π‚√ß欓∫“≈ ∑—Ë«‰ª, „π‚√ß欓∫“≈‡©æ“–‚√§, §≈‘π‘°·≈– ∂“π∑’Ë„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æÕ◊ËπÊ π‚¬∫“¬‡À≈à“π’È ‰¥â·°à ¡“µ√∞“π·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë°”Àπ¥‡√◊ËÕß ‘∑∏‘„π°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√, °“√®—¥À“‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ, ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕÀ√◊ÕÕÿª°√≥å∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√¥—¥·ª≈ß Õ◊ËπÊ ·≈–°ÆÀ¡“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡√–∫∫ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ‡™àπ ‘∑∏‘„π °“√„™â∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ‰¥â·°à ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°, °“√§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡Õ¬à“ß∑—Ë«∂÷ß ¢Õß°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√, ∫√‘°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë, ‡ß‘π∑ÿπ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ®“°¿“§√—∞·≈–°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√ ‚¥¬√«¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ e5808 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ÿ¢¿“æ, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5809 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ÿ¢¿“æ, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e585 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√»÷°…“·≈–°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡ ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√»÷°…“À“§«“¡√Ÿâ§«“¡‡™’ˬ«™“≠ °“√Ωñ°Õ“™’æÀ√◊Õ §«“¡ “¡“√∂∑“ß»‘≈ª– °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“·≈–°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿ߇æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡§«“¡√Ÿâ§«“¡ “¡“√∂π—ÈπÊ ‚ª√¥¥Ÿ∫—≠™’ “°≈¢Õß°“√®”·π°∫—≠™’∑“ß°“√»÷°…“¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ UNESCO (ISCED- 1997) e5850 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√»÷°…“·≈–°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡ ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√»÷°…“·≈–°“√À“§«“¡√Ÿâ§«“¡‡™’ˬ«™“≠°“√ Ωñ°Õ“™’æÀ√◊Õ§«“¡ “¡“√∂∑“ß»‘≈ª– °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“·≈–°“√‡æ‘Ë¡æŸπ§«“¡√Ÿâ§«“¡ “¡“√∂π—ÈπÊ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√®—¥°“√»÷°…“ ≥ √–¥—∫µà“ßÊ °—π (‡™àπ °“√»÷°…“ °àÕπ‚√߇√’¬π °“√»÷°…“¢—Èπª√–∂¡, ¢—Èπ¡—∏¬¡, ∂“∫—π°“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫Õÿ¥¡»÷°…“, ‚§√ß°“√Ωñ°Õ“™’æ, ‚§√ß°“√Ωñ°§«“¡∂π—¥, °“√Ωñ°ß“π·≈–°“√»÷°…“µàÕ) √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ e5851 √–∫∫°“√»÷°…“·≈–Ωñ°Õ∫√¡ °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√®—¥°‘®°√√¡∑“ß°“√»÷°…“ ‡™àπ √–∫∫¢Õß°“√π”π‚¬∫“¬¡“„™â √–∫∫¢Õß¡“µ√∞“π∑’Ë°”Àπ¥‡√◊ËÕߢÕß ‘∑∏‘¢Õß°“√ »÷°…“®“°¿“§√—∞À√◊Õ¿“§‡Õ°™πÀ√◊Õ‚§√ß°“√°“√»÷°…“∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡ µâÕß°“√摇»…; §≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ √–¥—∫¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§·≈–√–¥—∫™“µ‘ À√◊ÕÀπ૬ߓπÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë¡’Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡ à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫√–∫∫¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ ‰¥â·°à À≈—° Ÿµ√, ¢π“¥¢Õß™—Èπ‡√’¬π, ®”π«π¢Õß‚√߇√’¬π„π¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§Àπ÷ËßÊ, §à“‡≈à“ ‡√’¬π·≈–‡ß‘π™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‚§√ß°“√Õ“À“√摇»…·≈–∫√‘°“√¥Ÿ·≈À≈—߇≈‘°‡√’¬π

204 Environmental Factors ICF

e5852 Education and training policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the delivery of education programme, such as policies and standards that determine eligibility for public or private education and special needs-based programmes, and dictate the structure of local, regional or national boards of education or other authoritative bodies that govern features of the education system, including curricula, size of classes, numbers of schools in a region, fees and subsidies, special meal programmes and after-school care services.

e5858 Education and training services, systems and policies, other specified

e5859 Education and training services, systems and policies, unspecified

e590 Labour and employment services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies related to finding suitable work for persons who are unemployed or looking for different work, or to support individuals already employed who are seeking promotion. Exclusion: economic services, systems and policies (e565)

e5900 Labour and employment services Services and programmes provided by local, regional or national governments, or private organizations to find suitable work for persons who are unemployed or looking for different work, or to support individuals already employed, such as services of employment search and preparation, reemployment, job placement, outplacement, vocational follow-up, occupational health and safety services, and work environment services (e.g. ergonomics, human resources and personnel management services, labour relations services, professional association services), including those who provide these services.

e5901 Labour and employment systems Administrative control and monitoring mechanisms that govern the distribution of occupations and other forms of remunerative work in the economy, such as systems for implementing policies and standards for employment creation, employment security, designated and competitive employment, labour standards and law, and trade unions.

205 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5852 √–∫∫°“√»÷°…“ ·≈–Ωñ°Õ∫√¡ °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’ˇªìπµ—«§«∫§ÿ¡°“√®—¥‚§√ß°“√°“√ »÷°…“ ‡™àπ π‚¬∫“¬·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’ˇªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß°”Àπ¥ ‘∑∏‘¢Õß°“√»÷°…“®“°¿“§ √—∞À√◊Õ¿“§‡Õ°™πÀ√◊Õ‚§√ß°“√°“√»÷°…“∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡µâÕß°“√摇»…, ·≈– °”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߧ≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ, √–¥—∫¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§·≈– √–¥—∫™“µ‘À√◊ÕÀπ૬ߓπÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë¡’Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡ à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫ ¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ ‰¥â·°à À≈—° Ÿµ√, ¢π“¥¢Õß™—Èπ‡√’¬π, ®”π«π¢Õß‚√߇√’¬π„π ¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§Àπ÷ËßÊ, §à“‡≈à“‡√’¬π·≈–‡ß‘π™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ, ‚§√ß°“√Õ“À“√摇»…·≈–∫√‘°“√ ¥Ÿ·≈À≈—߇≈‘°‡√’¬π e5858 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬°“√»÷°…“ ·≈–Ωñ°Õ∫√¡, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ÕπÊË◊ e5859 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬°“√»÷°…“ ·≈–Ωñ°Õ∫√¡, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e590 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π·√ßß“π·≈–°“√°“√®â“ßß“π ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√À“ß“π∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ ”À√—∫∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë«à“ßß“πÀ√◊Õ ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë· «ßÀ“ß“πÕ◊Ëπ∑” À√◊Õ°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·°à∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’ß“π∑”·≈â«·µàµâÕß°“√ ‡≈Õπµ”·Àπ◊Ë ß¢à π÷È ‰¡à√«¡ : ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“߇»√…∞°‘® (e565) e5900 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π·√ßß“π·≈–°“√°“√®â“ßß“π ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë®—¥¢÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬Àπ૬ߓπ√—∞„π√–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ √–¥—∫¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§À√◊Õ √–¥—∫™“µ‘À√◊Õ®—¥¢÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬‡Õ°™π ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√À“ß“π∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡·°àºŸâ∑’ˉ¡à¡’ß“π∑” À√◊ÕºŸâ∑’˵âÕß°“√À“ß“πÕ◊Ëπ∑”À√◊Õ°“√„À⧫“¡ π—∫ πÿπ·°àºŸâ∑’Ë¡’ß“π∑”Õ¬Ÿà·≈â« ‰¥â·°à ∫√‘°“√„π°“√®—¥À“ß“π·≈–°“√‡µ√’¬¡µ—«‡æ◊ËÕ°“√‡¢â“∑”ß“π„À¡à, °“√∫√√®ÿ ‡¢â“∑”ß“π·≈–°“√‡≈‘°®â“ß, °“√Ωñ°Õ“™’æ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬„π °“√∑”ß“π·≈–∫√‘°“√„π‡√◊ËÕß°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„π ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π (ergonomics, ∫√‘°“√¥â“π∑√—欓°√¡πÿ…¬å·≈–°“√∫√‘À“√ß“π∫ÿ§§≈, ∫√‘°“√¥â“π·√ßß“π —¡æ—π∏å ·≈–∫√‘°“√¥â“π ¡“§¡¢Õß “¢“Õ“™’æµà“ßÊ) √«¡∂÷ߺŸâ∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡À≈à“π—Èπ¥â«¬ e5901 √–∫∫¢Õß·√ßß“π ·≈– °“√°“√®â“ßß“π °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–°“√µ√«® Õ∫∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√°√–®“¬¢Õßß“π·≈–°“√À“√“¬‰¥â„π √Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊ËπÊ „π√–∫∫‡»√…∞°‘® ‰¥â·°à √–∫∫¢Õß°“√π”π‚¬∫“¬ ¥â“π·√ßß“π¡“ „™â·≈–¡“µ√∞“π„π°“√ √â“ßß“π, §«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß„π°“√∑”ß“π, ß“π‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ßÀ√◊Õ §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√·¢àߢ—π¢Õßß“π, °ÆÀ¡“¬·√ßß“π·≈–¡“µ√∞“π·√ßß“π·≈– À¿“æ·√ßß“π

205 Environmental Factors ICF

e5902 Labour and employment policies Legislation, regulations and standards that govern the distribution of occupations and other forms of remunerative work in the economy, such as standards and policies for employment creation, employment security, designated and competitive employment, labour standards and law, and trade unions.

e5908 Labour and employment services, systems and policies, other specified

e5909 Labour and employment services, systems and policies, unspecified

e595 Political services, systems and policies Services, systems and policies related to voting, elections and governance of countries, regions and communities, as well as international organizations.

e5950 Political services Services and structures such as local, regional and national governments, international organizations and the people who are elected or nominated to positions within these structures, such as the United Nations, European Union, governments, regional authorities, local village authorities, traditional leaders.

e5951 Political systems Structures and related operations that organise political and economic power in a society, such as executive and legislative branches of government, and the constitutional or other legal sources from which they derive their authority, such as political organizational doctrine, constitutions, agencies of executive and legislative branches of government, the military.

e5952 Political policy Laws and policies formulated and enforced through political systems that govern the operation of the political system, such as policies governing election campaigns, registration of political parties, voting, and members in international political organizations, including treaties, constitutional and other law governing legislation and regulation.

e5958 Political services, systems and policies, other specified

e5959 Political services, systems and policies, unspecified

e598 Services, systems and policies, other specified

206 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ e5902 π‚¬∫“¬·√ßß“π·≈–°“√°“√®â“ßß“π °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫·≈–¡“µ√∞“π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√°√–®“¬ß“π·≈–°“√À“√“¬ ‰¥â„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ„π√–∫∫‡»√…∞°‘® ‰¥â·°à °“√°”Àπ¥π‚¬∫“¬·≈–¡“µ√∞“π„π°“√ √â“ßß“π, §«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß„π°“√∑”ß“π, ß“π‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ßÀ√◊Õ§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√·¢àß ¢—π¢Õßß“π, °ÆÀ¡“¬·≈–¡“µ√∞“π·√ßß“π·≈– À¿“æ·√ßß“π e5908 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π·√ßß“π·≈–°“√®â“ßß“π, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ÕπÊ◊Ë e5909 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π·√ßß“π·≈–°“√®â“ßß“π, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e595 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß ∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡≈◊Õ°µ—Èß °“√‡≈◊Õ°µ—Èß·≈–°“√ ª°§√Õߪ√–‡∑»¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§·≈–™ÿ¡™π √«¡∑—ÈßÕߧ尓√√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» e5950 ∫√‘°“√∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß ∫√‘°“√·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß ‡™àπ √—∞∫“≈¢Õß∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ, ¢Õß¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§·≈–¢Õß™“µ‘, Õߧ尓√ √–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉ¥â√—∫‡≈◊Õ°À√◊Õ‰¥â√—∫°“√·µàßµ—Èß„Àâ√—∫µ”·Àπàß¿“¬„𠂧√ß √â“ߢÕßÕߧ尓√‡À≈à“π—È𠇙àπ Õߧ尓√ Àª√–™“™“µ‘, À¿“æ¬ÿ‚√ª, √—∞∫“≈, Àπ૬ߓπ∫√‘À“√√–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘ËπÀ√◊Õ√–¥—∫À¡Ÿà∫â“π, ºŸâπ” e5951 √–∫∫°“√‡¡◊Õß ‚§√ß √â“ß·≈–°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√´÷Ëß√«¡‡ªìπÕ”π“®∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–‡»√…∞°‘® ‡™àπ “¢“¢Õß√—∞∫“≈„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√∫√‘À“√·≈–𑵑∫—≠≠—µ‘·≈–Õ”π“®∑’ˉ¥â¡“®“° √—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠À√◊Õ°ÆÀ¡“¬Õ◊Ë𠇙àπ ≈—∑∏‘°“√®—¥√–∫∫∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß, √—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠, Àπ૬ߓπ¢Õß√—∞∫“≈∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∫√‘À“√·≈–¥â“π𑵑∫—≠≠—µ‘·≈–°“√∑À“√ e5952 π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß °“√ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë°”Àπ¥¢÷Èπ¡“·≈–∫—ߧ—∫„™âºà“π√–∫∫¢Õß°“√‡¡◊Õß ∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π¢Õß√–∫∫°“√‡¡◊Õß ‡™àπ π‚¬∫“¬§«∫§ÿ¡°“√À“‡ ’¬ß, °“√ ®¥∑–‡∫’¬πµ—Èßæ√√§°“√‡¡◊Õß, °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡≈◊Õ°µ—Èß·≈– ¡“™‘°„πÕߧ尓√ °“√‡¡◊Õß√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» √«¡∂÷ß∑—Èß —≠≠“, √—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠·≈–°ÆÀ¡“¬Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë §«∫§ÿ¡°“√√à“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬·≈–¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫Õ◊ËπÊ e5958 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ e5959 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ e598 ∫√‘°“√ √–∫∫ ·≈–π‚¬∫“¬, ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ

206 Environmental Factors ICF

e599 Services, systems and policies, unspecified

207 ICF ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡

e599 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬, ∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

207 ICF Annexes ICF ¿“§ºπ«° Taxonomic and terminological issues ICF Annex 1 Taxonomic and terminological issues

The ICF classification is organized in a hierarchical scheme keeping in mind the following standard taxonomic principles: The components of Body Functions and Structures, Activities and Participation, and Environmental Factors are classified independently. Hence, a term included under one component is not repeated under another. Within each component, the categories are arranged in a stem–branch–leaf scheme, so that a lower-level category shares the attributes of the higher-level categories of which it is a member. Categories are mutually exclusive, i.e. no two categories at the same level share exactly the same attributes. However, this should not be confused with the use of more than one category to classify a particular individual's functioning. Such a practice is allowed, indeed encouraged, where necessary.

1. Terms for categories in ICF

Terms are the designation of defined concepts in linguistic expressions, such as words or phrases. Most of the terms over which confusion arises are used with common-sense meanings in everyday speech and writing. For example, impairment, disability and handicap are often used interchangeably in everyday contexts, although in the 1980 version of ICIDH these terms had stipulated definitions, which gave them a precisely defined meaning. During the revision process, the term “handicap” was abandoned and “disability” was used as an umbrella term for all three perspectives - body, individual and societal. Clarity and precision, however, are needed to define the various concepts, so that appropriate terms may be chosen to express each of the underlying concepts unambiguously. This is particularly important because ICF, as a written classification, will be translated into many languages. Beyond a common understanding of the concepts, it is also essential that an agreement be reached on the term that best reflects the content in each language. There may be many alternatives, and decisions should be made based on accuracy, acceptability, and overall usefulness. It is hoped that the usefulness of ICF will go in parallel with its clarity.

With this aim in mind, notes on some of the terms used in ICF follow:

Well-being is a general term encompassing the total universe of human life domains, including physical, mental and social aspects, that make up what can be called a “good life”. Health domains are a subset of domains that make up the total universe of human life. This relationship is presented in the following diagram representing well-being:

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211 Taxonomic and terminological issues ICF

212 ICF À≈—°°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ·≈–°“√∫—≠≠—µ‘»—æ∑å

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212 Taxonomic and terminological issues ICF

Disability is an umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions. It denotes the negative aspects of the interaction between an individual (with a health condition) and that individual's contextual factors (environmental and personal factors).

Body functions are the physiological functions of body systems, including psychological functions. “Body” refers to the human organism as a whole, and thus includes the brain. Hence, mental (or psychological) functions are subsumed under body functions. The standard for these functions is considered to be the statistical norm for humans.

Body structures are the structural or anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components classified according to body systems. The standard for these structures is considered to be the statistical norm for humans.

Impairment is a loss or abnormality in body structure or physiological function (including mental functions). Abnormality here is used strictly to refer to a significant variation from established statistical norms (i.e. as a deviation from a population mean within measured standard norms) and should be used only in this sense.

Activity is the execution of a task or action by an individual. It represents the individual perspective of functioning.

Activity limitations18 are difficulties an individual may have in executing activities. An activity limitation may range from a slight to a severe deviation in terms of quality or quantity in executing the activity in a manner or to the extent that is expected of people without the health condition.

Participation is a person's involvement in a life situation. It represents the societal perspective of functioning.

Participation restrictions19 are problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations. The presence of a participation restriction is determined by comparing an individual's participation to that which is expected of an individual without disability in that culture or society.

Contextual factors are the factors that together constitute the complete context of an individual’s life, and in particular the background against which health states are classified in ICF. There are two components of contextual factors: Environmental Factors and Personal Factors.

Environmental factors constitute a component of ICF, and refer to all aspects of the external or extrinsic world that form the context of an individual’s life and, as such, have an impact on that person's functioning. Environmental factors include

18 “Activity limitation” replaces the term “disability” used in the 1980 version of ICIDH.

19 “Participation restriction” replaces the term “handicap” used in the 1980 version of ICIDH.

213 ICF À≈—°°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ·≈–°“√∫—≠≠—µ‘»—æ∑å §«“¡æ‘°“√ ‡ªìπ§”∑’Ë„™â§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡·≈–¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ §”π’È®–„À⧫“¡À¡“¬„π‡™‘ß≈∫¢Õߪؑ —¡æ—π∏å√à«¡√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ (∑’Ë¡’‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ) °—∫ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡µà“ßÊ (ªí®®—¬ à«π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡·≈–ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈) °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‡ªìπ°“√∑”ß“π¥â“𰓬¿“æ¢Õß√–∫∫√à“ß°“¬ √«¡∂÷ß®‘µ„® §”«à“ ç√à“ß°“¬éπ—Èπ À¡“¬∂÷ß (organism ¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å∑—ÈßÀ¡¥) √–∫∫√à“ß°“¬¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ √«¡∑—Èß ¡Õߥ⫬ ¥—ßπ—Èπ °“√∑”ß“π®‘µ«‘∑¬“ À√◊Õ¥â“𮑵„®®÷ß∂◊Õ‡ªìπ à«πÀπ÷Ëß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„µâ°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß √à“ß°“¬ ¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π‡À≈à“π’È ®—¥«à“‡ªì∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑“ß ∂‘µ‘„π°“√æ‘®“√≥“§«“¡‡ªìπª°µ‘ ¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ‡ªìπ‚§√ß √â“ß∑“ß°“¬«‘¿“§¢Õß¡πÿ…¬åÀ√◊Õ°“¬«‘¿“§¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‡™àπ Õ«—¬«– ·¢π¢“·≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫Õ«—¬«–‡À≈à“π’È ´÷Ëß∂Ÿ°·¬°¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß‚§√ß √â“߇À≈à“π’È ‚¥¬ ®”·π°µ“¡√–∫∫¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π‡À≈à“π’È ®—¥‡ªìπ∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑“ß ∂‘µ‘¢Õß ¡πÿ…¬å °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æÀ√◊Õ§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß §◊Õ °“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬À√◊Õ§«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ À√◊Õ°“√∑”ß“π∑“ß √’√– (√«¡∂÷ß°“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„®) §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘„π∑’Ëπ’È„Àâ„™âÕ¬à“߇§√àߧ√—¥°—∫ °√≥’∑’Ë¡’°“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫πÕ¬à“ß¡“°®“°∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë¡’π—¬ ”§—≠ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫π ®“°§à“‡©≈’ˬ¢Õߪ√–™“°√∑’Ë°”Àπ¥‰«â‡ªìπ¡“µ√∞“π) ·≈–®–„™â‰¥â‡©æ“–„𧫓¡À¡“¬π’ȇ∑à“°—π °‘®°√√¡ À¡“¬∂÷ß °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πÀ√◊Õ°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡¢Õß·µà≈–∫ÿ§§≈ ‡ªìπ°“√¡Õß„π·ß৫“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”°—¥°‘®°√√¡18 ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ §◊Õ §«“¡¬“°≈”∫“°„π°“√°√–∑”°‘®°√√¡¢Õß ·µà≈–∫ÿ§§≈ ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”°—¥°‘®°√√¡π—ÈπÕ“®®–¡’‰¥âµ—Èß·µà√–¥—∫‡≈Á°πâÕ¬®π∂÷ß°“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫πÕ¬à“ß¡“° ∑—Èß„π‡™‘ßª√‘¡“≥·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æ ®“°§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√°√–∑”°‘®°√√¡∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉ¡à¡’‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ®–æ÷ß°√–∑”‰¥â °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ §◊Õ °“√‡¢â“‰ª‡°’ˬ«¢âÕߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ ‡ªìπ°“√¡Õß„π·ß৫“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡19 À¡“¬∂÷ß ªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ‡¡◊ËÕ∫ÿ§§≈‰¥â‡¢â“‰ª¡’ à«π‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡π’È ∂Ÿ°°”Àπ¥¢÷Èπ‚¥¬°“√‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫°“√¡’ à«π √à«¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ°—∫ ‘Ëß∑’˧“¥À«—ߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉ¡à¡’§«“¡æ‘°“√„π —ߧ¡À√◊Õ«—≤π∏√√¡‡¥’¬«°—π ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ §◊Õ ªí®®—¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥‡¡◊ËÕπ”¡“ª√–°Õ∫°—π‡¢â“°≈“¬‡ªìπ∫√‘∫∑¢Õß°“√¡’™’«‘µ∑’Ë ¡∫Ÿ√≥å¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ´÷Ëß„π ICF ®–‡πâπ‡©æ“–¿Ÿ¡‘À≈—ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡·∫àßÕÕ° ‡ªìπ Õß à«π ‰¥â·°à ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡·≈–ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‡ªìπ à«πª√–°Õ∫Àπ÷ËߢÕß ICF ∑’ËÕâ“ßÕ‘ß∂÷ß·ßà¡ÿ¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß‚≈°¿“¬πÕ° ∑’ˇªìπ∫√‘∫∑¢Õß™’«‘µ∫ÿ§§≈§πÀπ÷Ëß ‰¡à«à“®–‡ªìπ‚≈°¿“¬πÕ°À√◊Õ‚≈° extrinsic ∑’˵à“ß°Á¡’º≈ °√–∑∫µàÕ°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈π—ÈπÊ ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ À¡“¬√«¡∂÷ß‚≈°∑“ß

18 ç ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”°—¥°‘®°√√¡é „™â·∑π§”«à“ ç§«“¡æ‘°“√é ∑’Ë„™âÕ¬Ÿà„π ICIDH ©∫—∫ªï 1980 19 ç¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡é „™â·∑π§”«à“ ç§«“¡¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂π–é ∑’Ë„™âÕ¬Ÿà„π ICIDH ©∫—∫ªï 1980

213 Taxonomic and terminological issues ICF the physical world and its features, the human-made physical world, other people in different relationships and roles, attitudes and values, social systems and services, and policies, rules and laws.

Personal factors are contextual factors that relate to the individual such as age, gender, social status, life experiences and so on, which are not currently classified in ICF but which users may incorporate in their applications of the classification.

Facilitators are factors in a person's environment that, through their absence or presence, improve functioning and reduce disability. These include aspects such as a physical environment that is accessible, the availability of relevant assistive technology, and positive attitudes of people towards disability, as well as services, systems and policies that aim to increase the involvement of all people with a health condition in all areas of life. Absence of a factor can also be facilitating, for example the absence of stigma or negative attitudes. Facilitators can prevent an impairment or activity limitation from becoming a participation restriction, since the actual performance of an action is enhanced, despite the person's problem with capacity.

Barriers are factors in a person's environment that, through their absence or presence, limit functioning and create disability. These include aspects such as a physical environment that is inaccessible, lack of relevant assistive technology, and negative attitudes of people towards disability, as well as services, systems and policies that are either nonexistent or that hinder the involvement of all people with a health condition in all areas of life.

Capacity is a construct that indicates, as a qualifier, the highest probable level of functioning that a person may reach in a domain in the Activities and Participation list at a given moment. Capacity is measured in a uniform or standard environment, and thus reflects the environmentally adjusted ability of the individual. The Environmental Factors component can be used to describe the features of this uniform or standard environment.

Performance is a construct that describes, as a qualifier, what individuals do in their current environment, and so brings in the aspect of a person's involvement in life situations. The current environment is also described using the Environmental Factors component.

214 ICF À≈—°°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ·≈–°“√∫—≠≠—µ‘»—æ∑å °“¬¿“æ·≈– à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß¡—πÀ√◊Õ‚≈°∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å∑”¢÷Èπ, ∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ëπ∑’Ë¡’∫∑∫“∑·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—π µà“ßÊ π“Ê, §à“π‘¬¡·≈– ∑—»π§µ‘, √–∫∫¢Õß —ߧ¡·≈–∫√‘°“√·≈–π‚¬∫“¬, °ÆÀ¡“¬·≈–¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫ µà“ßÊ ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ‡ªìπªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„πµ—«∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ ‰¥â·°à Õ“¬ÿ ‡æ» ∂“π–∑“ß —ߧ¡ ª√– ∫°“√≥å™’«‘µ·≈–Õ◊ËπÊ ªí®®—¬‡©æ“–¢Õß·µà≈–∫ÿ§§≈π’Ȭ—߉¡à‰¥â√—∫°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑‰«â„π ICF ·µà “¡“√∂π”¡“ª√–¬ÿ°µå„™â„π°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑‰¥â ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ §◊Õ ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’ˇ¡◊ËÕ¡’À√◊Õ‰¡à¡’ªí®®—¬‡À≈à“π’È ®–∑”„Àâ∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ “¡“√∂∑”°‘®°√√¡ ‰¥â¥’¢÷Èπ·≈–≈¥§«“¡æ‘°“√≈ß ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿππ’ÈÀ¡“¬√«¡∂÷ß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß°“¬¿“æ∑’˧πæ‘°“√ “¡“√∂ ‡¢â“‰ª„™â‰¥â ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«° ”À√—∫§πæ‘°“√ ∑—»π§µ‘„π‡™‘ß∫«°¢Õߧπ„π —ߧ¡ √–∫∫∫√‘°“√µà“ßÊ √«¡∑—Èßπ‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬∑’ˇæ‘Ë¡°“√‡¢â“‰ª‡°’ˬ«¢âÕߢÕß∑ÿ°§π∑’Ë¡’‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢ ÿ¢¿“æ„π∑ÿ°¥â“π¢Õß™’«‘µ °“√‰¡à¡’ªí®®—¬‡°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ∫“ßÕ¬à“ß°ÁÕ“®°≈“¬‡ªìπ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ ‰¥â ‡™àπ °“√‰¡à¡’°“√µ’µ√“À√◊Õ∑—»π§µ‘‡™‘ß≈∫ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ “¡“√∂ªÑÕß°—𧫓¡∫°æ√àÕß∑“ߥâ“π√à“ß°“¬ ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡‡æ◊ËÕ‰¡à„Àâ𔉪 Ÿà°“√¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥„π¥â“π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡„π —ߧ¡ ‡π◊ËÕß®“° ¡√√∂π–∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ߢÕß°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡‰¥â√—∫°“√ à߇ √‘¡ ·¡â«à“∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ®–¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π»—°¬¿“æ °µ“¡Á Õÿª √√§ §◊Õ ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˇ¡◊ËÕ¡’(Õ¬Ÿà)À√◊Õ‰¡à¡’°Á®–‰ª®”°—¥°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–°àÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡æ‘°“√ Õÿª √√§‡À≈à“π’È´÷Ëß√«¡∂÷ß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß°“¬¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à “¡“√∂‡¢â“∂÷߉¥â, °“√¢“¥‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ·≈–∑—»π§µ‘‡™‘ß≈∫¢ÕߺŸâ§π∑’Ë¡’µàÕ§«“¡æ‘°“√ √«¡∑—Èß∫√‘°“√, √–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë Õ“®®–‰¡à¡’Õ¬Ÿà‡≈¬À√◊Õ¢—¥¢«“ß°“√‡¢â“‰ª‡°’ˬ«¢âÕߢÕß∑ÿ°§π∑’Ë ¡’‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ„π∑ÿ°¥â“π¢Õß™’«‘µ §«“¡ “¡“√∂À√◊Õ»—°¬¿“æ §◊Õ µ—«∫àß™’È √–¥—∫§«“¡ “¡“√∂ Ÿß ÿ¥∑’ËÕ“®‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ëß®– °√–∑”‰¥â „π¡‘µ‘¢Õß°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ≥ ¢≥–§«“¡ “¡“√∂®–∂Ÿ°ª√–‡¡‘π„π ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡’¡“µ√∞“πÀ√◊Õ√Ÿª·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—π Õ—π –∑âÕπ∂÷ߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√ª√—∫µ—«„À⇢⓰—∫ ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õßªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ “¡“√∂π”¡“Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡’ ¡“µ√∞“π·≈–√Ÿª·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—π‰¥â ¡√√∂π– ‡ªìπµ—«°”Àπ¥Õ∏‘∫“¬ ∑’Ë∫Õ°∂÷ß ‘Ëß∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈‰¥â°√–∑”„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π„π¢≥–π—Èπ ·≈–· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ·ßà¡ÿ¡¢Õß°“√‡¢â“‰ª‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π ∂“π°“√≥å ™’«‘µ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡π’È “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–∫√√¬“¬‰¥â‚¥¬„™âÕߧåª√–°Õ∫ ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡

214 ICF Taxonomic and terminological issues

Fig. 2 Structure of ICF

ICF Classification

Parts Part 1: Functioning and Disability Part 2: Contextual Factors

Components Body Functions and Structures Activities and ParticipationEnvironmental FactorsPersonal Factors

Change in body Changefunction in body structureCapacity Performance Facilitator/barrier Constructs/qualifiers

Item levels Item levels Item levels Item levels Item levels Domains and categories at - 1st - 1st - 1st - 1st - 1st - 2nd - 2nd - 2nd - 2nd - 2nd different levels - 3rd & 4th - 3rd & 4th - 3rd & 4th - 3rd & 4th - 3rd & 4th

215 ICF À≈—°°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ·≈–°“√∫ —≠≠ —µ‘»—æ∑å ¿“æ∑’Ë 2 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ICF

ICF °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑

¿“§∑’Ë 1 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ à«π

°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß

¿“§∑’Ë 2 ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õߧåª√–°Õ∫

°‘®°√√¡ ·≈– °“√‡¢â“√à«¡ ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈

°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√“ß°“¬à  °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß‚§√ß √§«“¡ “¡“√∂â“ߢÕß√ à“ß°“¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ / Õÿª √√§ à«πª√–°Õ∫¬ √–¥—∫¢Õß√“¬°“√ √–¥—∫¢Õß√“¬°“√ √–¥—∫¢Õß√“¬°“√ √–¥—∫¢Õß√“¬°“√ µ—«∫àߧ √–¥àÕ¬/—∫¢Õß√“¬°“√ - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 1 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 1 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 1 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 1 ÿ≥≈-—°…≥– √–¥—∫∑’Ë 1 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 2 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 2 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 2 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 2 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 2 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 3 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 3 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 3 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 3 - √–¥—∫∑’Ë 3 ¢Õ∫‡¢µ·≈–ª√–‡¿∑ ∑ ’Ë√–¥—∫µà“ßÊ

215 Taxonomic and terminological issues ICF

2. ICF as a classification

In order to understand the overall classification of ICF, it is important to understand its structure. This is reflected in the definitions of the following terms and illustrated in Fig. 2.

Classification is the overall structure and universe of ICF. In the hierarchy, this is the top term.

Parts of the classification are each of the two main subdivisions of the classification. Part 1 covers Functioning and Disability Part 2 covers Contextual Factors.

Components are each of the two main subdivisions of the parts.

The components of Part 1 are: Body Functions and Structures Activities and Participation.

The components of Part 2 are: Environmental Factors Personal Factors (not classified in ICF).

Constructs are defined through the use of qualifiers with relevant codes.

There are four constructs for Part 1 and one for Part 2.

For Part 1, the constructs are: Change in body function Change in body structure Capacity Performance

For Part 2, the construct is: Facilitators or barriers in environmental factors

Domains are a practical, meaningful set of related physiological functions, anatomical structures, actions, tasks, or areas of life. Domains make up the different chapters and blocks within each component.

216 ICF À≈—°°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ·≈–°“√∫—≠≠—µ‘»—æ∑å

2. ICF „π∞“π–∑’ˇªìπ°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ‡æ◊ËÕ°àÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡¢â“„®°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß ICF „π¿“æ√«¡ ®÷߇ªì𧫓¡ ”§—≠∑’Ë®–µâÕß ‡¢â“„®‚§√ß √â“ß ´÷Ë߉¥â –∑âÕ𧔮”°—¥§«“¡µ“¡§”»—æ∑å ¥—ß∑’ˉ¥â· ¥ß‰«â„π¿“æ∑’Ë 2 °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ‡ªìπ‚§√ß √â“ß·≈–¿“æ√«¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß ICF ·≈–®—¥„À⇪ì𠧔»—æ∑å„π√–¥—∫ ‡Àπ◊Õ ÿ¥„π√–∫∫∑’ˇªìπ≈”¥—∫™—Èπ à«π¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ¡’ Õß à«πÀ≈—° ‰¥â·°à ë à«π∑’Ë 1 §√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ ë à«π∑’Ë 2 §√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õߧåª√–°Õ∫ ¡’ ÕßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π·µà≈– à«π Õߧåª√–°Õ∫ à«π∑’Ë 1 ‰¥â·°à ë °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß ë °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ Õߧåª√–°Õ∫ à«π∑’Ë 2 ‰¥â·°à ë ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ë ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ (¡‘‰¥â®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑‰«â„π ICF) Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬ ∂Ÿ°°”À𥂥¬ºà“π°“√„™âµ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ°—∫√À— ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß „π à«π∑’Ë 1 ¡’ 4 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬·≈– à«π∑’Ë 2 ®–¡’ 1Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬ ”À√—∫ à«π∑’Ë 1 ¡’Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬‰¥â·°à ë °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߥâ“π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ë °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߥâ“π‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ë »—°¬¿“æ ë ¡√√∂π– ”À√—∫ à«π∑’Ë 2 ¡’Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬‰¥â·°à ë ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπÀ√◊ÕÕÿª √√§∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ¡‘µ‘ ¡‘µ‘°àÕ„À⇰‘¥∫∑·≈– block µà“ßÊ „π·µà≈–Õߧåª√–°Õ∫‡ªìπ™ÿ¥°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ∑“ߥâ“π √’√–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ‚§√ß √â“ß∑“ß°“¬«‘¿“§»“ µ√å, °“√°√–∑”, °“√∑”ß“πÀ√◊Õ à«πª√–°Õ∫ ¥â“πÕ◊ËπÊ ¢Õß™’«‘µ

216 Taxonomic and terminological issues ICF

Categories are classes and subclasses within a domain of a component, i.e. units of classification.

Levels make up the hierarchical order providing indications as to the detail of categories (i.e. granularity of the domains and categories). The first level comprises all the second-level items, and so on.

3. Definitions for ICF categories

Definitions are statements that set out the essential attributes (i.e. qualities, properties or relationships) of the concept designated by the category. A definition states what sort of thing or phenomenon the term denotes, and operationally, notes how it differs from other related things or phenomena.

During the construction of the definitions of the ICF categories, the following ideal characteristics of operational definitions, including inclusions and exclusions, were kept in mind:

Definitions should be meaningful and logically consistent.

They must uniquely identify the concept intended by the category.

They must present essential attributes of the concept – both intentional (what the concept signifies intrinsically) and extensional (what objects or phenomena it refers to).

They should be precise, unambiguous, and cover the full meaning of the term.

They should be expressed in operational terms (e.g. in terms of severity, duration, relative importance, and possible associations).

They should avoid circularity, i.e. the term itself, or any synonym for it, should not appear in the definition, nor should it include a term defined elsewhere using the first term in its definition.

Where appropriate, they should refer to possible etiological or interactive factors.

They must fit the attributes of the higher-ranking terms (e.g. a third-level term should include the general characteristics of the second-level category to which it belongs).

They must be consistent with the attributes of the subordinate terms (e.g. the attributes of a second-level term cannot contradict those of third-level terms under it).

They must not be figurative or metaphorical, but operational.

217 ICF À≈—°°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ·≈–°“√∫—≠≠—µ‘»—æ∑å ª√–‡¿∑À√◊ÕÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà ‡ªìπ√–¥—∫™—Èπ·≈–™—Èπ¬àÕ¬„π¡‘µ‘¢Õß·µà≈–Õߧåª√–°Õ∫ π—Ëπ§◊Õ‡ªìπÀπ૬ ¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ √–¥—∫ °àÕ„À⇰‘¥≈”¥—∫¢Õß™—Èπ™à«ß ´÷Ëß„Àâ¢âÕ∫àß™’ȇæ◊ËÕ· ¥ß√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢ÕßÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà (π—Ëπ§◊Õ‡ªìπ Àπ૬¬àÕ¬¢Õß¡‘µ‘·≈–À¡«¥À¡Ÿà) √–¥—∫∑’ËÀπ÷Ëߪ√–°Õ∫¥â«¬√–¥—∫∑’Ë Õß·≈–µàÕÊ ‰ª 3. §”®”°—¥§«“¡¢Õߪ√–‡¿∑À√◊ÕÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà ICF §”®”°—¥§«“¡ ‡ªìπ¢âÕ§«“¡∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ “√– ”§—≠ °≈à“«§◊Õ §ÿ≥¿“æ, §ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘À√◊Õ§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å ¢Õß·π«§‘¥∑’Ë∂Ÿ°°”À𥂥¬À¡«¥À¡Ÿà §”®”°—¥§«“¡®–‡ªìπµ—«∫Õ°∂÷ß ‘ËߢÕßÀ√◊Õª√“°Ø°“√≥å∑’ˉ¥â √—∫°“√∫—≠≠—µ»‘ —æ∑å·≈â« æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß√–∫ÿ«à“·µ°µà“ß®“° ‘ËßÕ◊ËπÀ√◊Õª√“°Ø°“√≥åÕ◊ËπÊ „π™à«ßªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√ Õ¬à“߉√ „π√–À«à“ß°“√ √â“ߧ”®”°—¥§«“¡¢ÕßÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà ICF ®–µâÕß∫Õ°∂÷ߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’ˇªìπÕÿ¥¡§µ‘¢Õß §”®”°—¥§«“¡„π‡™‘ßªØ‘∫—µ‘, √«¡∂÷ß°“√π—∫‡¢â“·≈–°“√π—∫ÕÕ° ‚¥¬§”π÷ß∂÷ß ‘ËßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ë §”®”°—¥§«“¡ µâÕß¡’§«“¡À¡“¬ ·≈–¡’§«“¡§ß‡ âπ§ß«“‡™‘ßµ√√°– ë µâÕß∫àß∫Õ°·π«§‘¥∑’ˇªìπ≈—°…≥–‡©æ“–¢Õß·µà≈–À¡«¥À¡Ÿà‰¥âÕ¬à“߇ªìπÀπ÷Ë߇¥’¬« ë µâÕß· ¥ß “√– ”§—≠¢Õß·π«§‘¥∑’ˇªìπ∑—Èß≈—°…≥–‡©æ“–·≈–≈—°…≥–¢¬“¬(Õ–‰√§◊Õ«—µ∂ÿÀ√◊Õ ª√“°Ø°“√≥å∑’ËÕâ“ß∂÷ß) ë ®–µâÕ߇ªìπ°“√∫Õ°§«“¡À¡“¬∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß ‰¡à§≈ÿ¡‡§√◊Õ·≈–§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∂÷ߧ«“¡À¡“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß §”π—Èπ ë ®–µâÕß· ¥ß§«“¡À¡“¬„π∑“ß∑’Ë “¡“√∂„™âß“π‰¥â (‡™à𠧫“¡√ÿπ·√ß, √–¬–‡«≈“, §«“¡ ”§—≠ „π‡™‘ß‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫·≈– ‘Ëß∑’ËÕ“®®–‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡√◊ËÕßÕ◊ËπÊ) ë ®–µâÕßÀ≈’°‡≈’ˬߧ«“¡«°«π π—Ëπ§◊Õ §”»—æ∑å‚¥¬µ—«¡—π‡ÕßÀ√◊Õ „π§”∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬§≈⓬°—π ‰¡à§«√∑’Ë®–ª√“°ØÕ¬Ÿà„𧔮”°—¥§«“¡À√◊Õ‰¡à§«√®–„™â§”§”‡¥’¬«°—∫§”∑’Ë®–ª√“°ØÕ¬Ÿà„π à«πÕ◊Ëπ ¢Õ߇≈¡à ë „π°√≥’∑’Ë∑”‰¥â §«√®–Õâ“ßÕ‘ß∂÷ßªí®®—¬∑’ˇªìπ‰ª‰¥â„π‡™‘ß°“√°àÕ‡°‘¥À√◊Õ‡™‘ߪؑ —¡æ—π∏å ë ®–µâÕß¡’ “√– ”§—≠√à«¡°—π°—∫§”»—æ∑å„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë Ÿß°«à“ ‡™àπ °“√„Àâ≈”¥—∫∑’Ë “¡§«√§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡ ≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß≈”¥—∫∑’Ë Õߥ⫬ ë ®–µâÕß¡’§«“¡§ß‡ âπ§ß«“°—∫ “√–∑’Ë√–¥—∫µË”≈ß¡“ (‡™àπ “√–¢Õߧ”„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë Õß®–µâÕ߉¡à¢—¥ ·¬âß°—∫§”»—æ∑å√–¥—∫ “¡∑’ËÕ¬ŸàµË”°«à“) ë ®–µâÕß¡’§«“¡À¡“¬∑’Ë “¡“√∂𔉪„™â‰¥â ‰¡à„™à‡ªìπ‡™‘ßÕÿª¡“Õÿª¡—¬À√◊Õ‡™‘߇ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫

217 Taxonomic and terminological issues ICF

They should make empirical statements that are observable, testable or inferable by indirect means.

They should be expressed in neutral terms as far as possible, without undue negative connotation.

They should be short and avoid technical terms where possible (with the exception of some Body Functions and Structures terms).

They should have inclusions that provide synonyms and examples that take into account cultural variation and differences across the life span.

They should have exclusions to alert users to possible confusion with related terms.

4. Additional note on terminology

Underlying the terminology of any classification is the fundamental distinction between the phenomena being classified and the structure of the classification itself. As a general matter, it is important to distinguish between the world and the terms we use to describe the world. For example, the terms 'dimension' or 'domain' could be precisely defined to refer to the world and 'component' and 'category' defined to refer only to the classification.

At the same time, there is a correspondence (i.e. a matching function) between these terms and it is possible that a wide variety of users may use these terms interchangeably. For more highly specialized requirements, for database construction and research modelling for example, it is essential for users to identify separately, and with a clearly distinct terminology, the elements of the conceptual model and those of the classification structure. Yet, it has been felt that the precision and purity that such an approach provides is not worth the price paid in a level of abstraction that might undermine the usefulness of the ICF, or more importantly to restrict the range of potential users of this classification.

218 ICF À≈—°°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ·≈–°“√∫—≠≠—µ‘»—æ∑å ë ®–µâÕ߇ªìπ¢âÕ§«“¡‡™‘ߪ√–®—°…å ´÷Ëß “¡“√∂ —߇°µ, ∑¥ Õ∫À√◊ÕÕâ“ß∂÷ß·¡â®–‚¥¬«‘∏’∑“ßÕâÕ¡ ë ®–µâÕß¡’§«“¡À¡“¬∑’ˇªìπ°≈“ß ‰¡à¡’ à«π¢Õß·ßà≈∫ ë ®–µâÕß —Èπ‰¥â„®§«“¡·≈–À≈’°‡≈’ˬ߰“√„™â»—æ∑å∑“߇∑§π‘§„Àâ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ (¬°‡«â𧔻—æ∑å¢Õß°“√ ∑”ß“π·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬∫“ߧ”) ë §«√¡’°“√π—∫√«¡§”, §”æâÕß·≈–µ—«Õ¬à“ß´÷Ëߧ”π÷ß∂÷ߧ«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬·≈–§«“¡·µ°µà“ß∑“ß «—≤π∏√√¡µ≈Õ¥™à«ß™’«‘µ ë §«√®–µâÕß¡’°“√§—¥ÕÕ° ‡æ◊ËÕªÑÕß°—π‰¡à„À⺟ℙ⠗∫ π 4. ¢âÕ —߇°µ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õߧ”»—æ∑凩擖 ‘Ëß∑’Ë´àÕπÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„µâ°“√∫—≠≠—µ‘»—æ∑å¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑„¥Ê §◊Õ §«“¡·µ°µà“ߢ—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π √–À«à“ߪ√“°Ø°“√≥å∂Ÿ°®”·π° ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°“√®”·π°∑—Ë«‰ª·≈⫇ªìπ ‘Ëß ”§—≠∑’Ë®–µâÕß·¬° ‚≈°·≈–§”»—æ∑å∑’Ë„™â„π°“√∫√√¬“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫‚≈° µ—«Õ¬à“߇™à𠧔«à“ ù¡‘µ‘û (dimension À√◊Õ domain) „À⧫“¡À¡“¬‚≈°‰¥âÕ¬à“ß·¡à𬔠·≈–§”«à“ ùÕߧåª√–°Õ∫û ·≈– ùÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿàû π—Èπ „Àâ §«“¡À¡“¬∑’ËÕâ“ß∂÷ß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑‡∑à“π—Èπ „π¢≥–‡¥’¬«°—𧔇À≈à“π’È°Á¬—ß¡’§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß°—πÕ¬Ÿà (‡™àπ °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë —¡æ—π∏å°—π) √–À«à“ߧ”µà“ß ‡À≈à“π’È·≈–‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â«à“ºŸâ„™âÀ≈“°À≈“¬ Õ“®®–„™â§”»—æ∑å‡À≈à“π’È ≈—∫°—π‰ª¡“ ”À√—∫§«“¡µâÕß°“√∑’Ë ¡’§«“¡®”‡æ“– Ÿß µ—«Õ¬“߇™à àπ °“√ √â“ß∞“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈·≈–°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫°“√«‘®—¬ ®÷ß¡’§«“¡®”‡ªìπ ”À√—∫ºŸâ„™â∑’Ë®–µâÕß√–∫ÿ ·¬°·¬–·≈–∫—≠≠—µ‘»—æ∑å∑’Ë·µ°µà“ßÕ¬à“ß™—¥‡®π¢ÕßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫ √Ÿª·∫∫ ·π«§‘¥ÕÕ°¡“·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ ¬—ß√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°“√·®°·®ß√“¬ ≈–‡Õ’¬¥≈÷°¡“°®π‡°‘π‰ªπ—Èπ ‰¡à§ÿâ¡§à“µàÕª√–‚¬™πå∑’Ë®–‰¥â√—∫®“° ICF ‡π◊ËÕß®“°Õ“®∑”„À⧫“¡ À¡“¬µà“ßÊ §≈“¥‡§≈◊ËÕπÀ√◊ÕÕ“®®–‡ªìπ°“√®”°—¥Õ¬Ÿà„π«ß¢ÕߺŸâ∑’Ë “¡“√∂„™â·∫∫®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑π’È ‡∑“πà π—È

218 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF Annex 2 Coding guidelines for ICF

ICF is intended for the coding of different health and health-related states.20 Users are strongly recommended to read through the Introduction to ICF before studying the coding rules and guidelines. Furthermore, it is highly recommended that users obtain training in the use of the classification through WHO and its network of collaborating centres.

The following are features of the classification that have a bearing on its use.

1. Organization and structure

Parts of the Classification

ICF is organized into two parts.

Part 1 is composed of the following components: Body Functions and Body Structures Activities and Participation.

Part 2 is composed of the following components: Environmental Factors Personal Factors (currently not classified in the ICF).

These components are denoted by prefixes in each code. b for Body Functions and s for Body Structures d for Activities and Participation e for Environmental Factors

The prefix d denotes the domains within the component of Activities and Participation. At the user’s discretion, the prefix d can be replaced by a or p, to denote activities and participation respectively.

20 The disease itself should not be coded. This can be done using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10), which is a classification designed to permit the systematic recording, analysis, interpretation and comparison of mortality and morbidity data on diagnoses of diseases and other health problems. Users of ICF are encouraged to use this classification in conjunction with ICD-10 (see page 3 of Introduction regarding overlap between the classifications)

219 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF ¿“§ºπ«° 2 ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF ICF ¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ¿“«–∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æÀ√◊Õ ¿“«–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ20 ºŸâ„™â®– µâÕßÕà“π∫∑π”¢Õß ICF °àÕπ∑’Ë®–∑”°“√»÷°…“‡√◊ËÕß°Æ·≈–·π«∑“ߢÕß°“√„Àâ√À— πÕ°®“°π’È À“°ºŸâ„™â “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–‡¢â“√—∫°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡ ‡√◊ËÕß°“√„™â∫—≠™’®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ‚¥¬Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° ·≈–‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬»Ÿπ¬å§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¢ÕßÕߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°°Á®–‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πåÕ¬à“ß¡“° à«π ”§—≠¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ∑’ˇªìπ·π«∑“ߢÕß°“√„™â ¡’¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È 1. °“√®—¥√–‡∫’¬∫·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß à«π¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ICF ∂Ÿ°®—¥‰«â‡ªìπ Õß à«π à«π∑’Ë 1 ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ë °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ë °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ à«π∑’Ë 2 ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ë ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ë ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ (ªí®®ÿ∫—π¬—ß¡‘‰¥â®—¥‰«â„π ICF) °“√„Àâ√À— ¢ÕßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫‡À≈à“π’È ®–¡’µ—«Àπ—ß ◊Õπ”Àπâ“ ¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ë b ”À√—∫ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ë s ”À√—∫ ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ë d ”À√—∫ °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ë e ”À√—∫ ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ µ—«Àπ—ß ◊Õπ”Àπâ“ d π—Èπ „™â„π°“√°”Àπ¥¡‘µ‘∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°‘®°√√¡·≈– °“√¡’ à«π √à«¡ µ—«Àπ—ß ◊Õπ”Àπâ“π’È Õ“®®–‡ª≈’ˬπ‡ªìπµ—« a À√◊Õµ—« p °Á‰¥â·≈â«·µàºŸâ„™â „π°“√∑’Ë®–®”·π° ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡µ“¡≈”¥—∫

20 ‚√§µà“ßÊ π—Èπ ‰¡à§«√∑’Ë®–„Àâ√À— ‡æ√“– “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–°√–∑”‰¥â‚¥¬„™â (∫—≠™’ “°≈¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑∑“ß ∂‘µ‘¢Õß‚√§·≈–ªí≠À“∑’Ë ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ©∫—∫æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 10) International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) ´÷Ë߇ªìπ°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑∑’Ë∑”¢’Èπ¡“‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√∫—π∑÷°, «‘‡§√“–Àå, Õ∏‘∫“¬·≈–‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°“√µ“¬·≈–°“√‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬¥â«¬ °“√«‘π‘®©—¬‚√§·≈–ªí≠À“∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æÕ¬à“߇ªìπ√–∫∫ºŸâ„™â ICF §«√∑’Ë®–„™â ICF §«∫§Ÿà‰ª°—∫ ICD-10(¥ŸÀπâ“∑’Ë 3 ¢Õß∫∑π” ´÷Ë߇°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡À≈◊ËÕ¡°—π√–À«à“ß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑∑—Èß Õß·∫∫)

219 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF

The letters b, s, d and e are followed by a numeric code that starts with the chapter number (one digit), followed by the second level (two digits), and the third and fourth level21 (one digit each). For example, in the Body Functions classification there are these codes:

b2 Sensory functions and pain (first-level item) b210 Seeing functions (second-level item) b2102 Quality of vision (third-level item) b21022 Contrast sensitivity (fourth-level item)

Depending on the user’s needs, any number of applicable codes can be employed at each level. To describe an individual’s situation, more than one code at each level may be applicable. These may be independent or interrelated.

In ICF, a person's health state may be assigned an array of codes across the domains of the components of the classification. The maximum number of codes available for each application is 34 at the chapter level (8 body functions, 8 body structures, 9 performance and 9 capacity codes), and 362 at the second level. At the third and fourth levels, there are up to 1424 codes available, which together constitute the full version of the classification. In real-life applications of ICF, a set of 3 to 18 codes may be adequate to describe a case with two-level (three-digit) precision. Generally, the more detailed four-level version is intended for specialist services (e.g. rehabilitation outcomes, geriatrics, or mental health), whereas the two-level classification can be used for surveys and health outcome evaluation.

The domains should be coded as applicable to a given moment (i.e. as a snapshot description of an encounter), which is the default position. Use over time, however, is also possible in order to describe a trajectory over time or a process. Users should then identify their coding style and the time-frame that they use.

Chapters Each component of the classification is organized into chapter and domain headings under which are common categories or specific items. For example, in the Body Functions classification, Chapter 1 deals with all mental functions.

Blocks The chapters are often subdivided into “blocks” of categories. For example, in Chapter 3 of the Activities and Participation classification (Communication), there are three blocks: Communicating•Receiving (d310–d329), Communicating•Producing (d330–d349), and Conversation and using communication devices and techniques (d350–d369). Blocks are provided as a convenience to the user and, strictly speaking, are not part of the structure of the classification and normally will not be used for coding purposes.

21 Only the Body Functions and Body Structure classifications contain fourth-level items.

220 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF ”À√—∫µ—«Àπ—ß ◊Õπ”Àπâ“ b, s, d ·≈– e ®–µ“¡¥â«¬√À— ∑’ˇªìπµ—«‡≈¢∑’Ë¢÷Èπµâπ¥â«¬‡≈¢∑’Ë¢Õß∫∑ π—ÈπÊ (Àπ÷Ëßµ”·Àπàß)µ“¡¥â«¬√À— ¢Õß√–¥—∫∑’Ë Õß ( Õßµ”·Àπàß) ·≈–µ“¡¥â«¬√–¥—∫∑’Ë “¡·≈– ∑’Ë 21’Ë (√–¥—∫≈– 1 µ”·Àπàß) µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ „π°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬®– ª√–°Õ∫‰ª¥â«¬√À— „π≈—°…≥–¥—ßπ’È b2 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πª√– “∑ —¡º— ·≈–§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ (√“¬°“√„π√–¥—∫∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß) b210 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ (√“¬°“√„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë Õß) b2102 §≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√¡Õ߇Àÿ Áπ (√“¬°“√„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë “¡) b21022 §«“¡‰«µàÕ§«“¡·µ°µà“ß (√“¬°“√„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë ’Ë) °“√„™âµ—«‡≈¢„π°“√„Àâ√À— „π√–¥—∫µà“ßÊ ¢Õß∫—≠™’®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑π—Èπ “¡“√∂°√–∑”‰¥â·≈â«·µà §«“¡µâÕß°“√¢ÕߺŸâ„™â„π°“√∑’Ë®–∫√√¬“¬∂÷ß ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈§πÀπ÷Ëßπ—Èπ ºŸâ„™â “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–„™â √À— ¡“°°«à“Àπ÷Ëßµ—«„π·µà≈–√–¥—∫°Á‰¥â ´÷ËßÕ“®®–‡ªìπ‰¥â∑—Èß„π à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—π À√◊Õ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß °π‡≈¬°— Á‰¥â ¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈„π ICF “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–∫√√¬“¬‰¥â‚¥¬°“√„Àâ√À — √À— ¥—ß°≈à“«π’È “¡“√∂„ à ‰¥â¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥∑’Ë 34 Àπ૬„π√–¥—∫¢Õß∫∑∫∑Àπ÷Ëß (8 ”À√—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, 8 ”À√—∫ ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬, 9 ”À√—∫ ¡√√∂π–, 9 ”À√—∫§«“¡ “¡“√∂) ·≈– 362 Àπ૬ ”À√—∫°“√ ®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë Õß ”À√—∫√–¥—∫∑’Ë “¡·≈–∑’Ë ’Ëπ—Èπ ¡’√À— Õ¬Ÿà∂÷ß 1424 Àπ૬ ´÷Ëß®– ‡ªìπ°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑∑’Ë ¡∫Ÿ√≥å∑’Ë ÿ¥„π™’«‘µ®√‘ß·≈â« °“√ª√–¬ÿ°µå„™â ICF °“√„Àâ√À— √–À«à“ß 3 ∂÷ß 18 Àπ૬π—Èπ ∂◊Õ«à“‡æ’¬ßæÕ∑’Ë®–„™â„π°“√∫√√¬“¬Õ“°“√Àπ÷ËßÕ“°“√„¥‰¥âÕ¬à“ß™—¥‡®π„π Õß √–¥—∫‰¥â·≈â« ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª·≈â«°“√„™â√À— ·∫∫≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢÷Èπ„π ’Ë√–¥—∫π—Èππ—Èπ ®–¡’‰«â„Àâ°—∫ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠ ‡©æ“–∑“ß (‡™àπ °“√«—¥º≈¢Õß°“√øóôπøŸ, °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕߺŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿÀ√◊Õ ÿ¢¿“æ¥â“𮑵„®) „π ¢≥–∑’Ë°“√„Àâ√À— „π√–¥—∫∑’Ë Õßπ—Èπ “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â„π°“√∑”°“√ ”√«®·≈–ª√–‡¡‘πº≈∑“ߥâ“π ÿ¢¿“æ °“√„Àâ√À— „π¡‘µ‘µà“ßÊ ®–µâÕ߇ªìπ°“√π”¡“„™â ≥ ™à«ß‡«≈“Àπ÷ËßÊ Õ—π®–‡ªìπ à«π∑’Ë®–π”¡“„™â À“°®–π”¡“„™â„π√–¬–‡«≈“∑’ˬ“«¢÷Èπ ºŸâ„™â°Á “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–∫√√¬“¬∂÷ßÕ“°“√∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„π√–À«à“߇«≈“∑’Ë °”Àπ¥‰«â ·µà®–µâÕß∫Õ°∂÷ß√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–¬–‡«≈“∑’Ë∑”°“√»÷°…“π—Èπ·≈–«‘∏’°“√„Àâ √À— ∑’Ë„™â ∫∑ ·µà≈–Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑®–∂Ÿ°®—¥‰«â‡ªìπÀ—«¢âÕ∫∑·≈–‚¥¬∑’Ë®–µ“¡¡“¥â«¬À¡«¥ À¡ŸàÀ√◊Õ√“¬°“√‡©æ“– µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ„π°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬π—Èπ ∫∑∑’Ë 1 ®–查∂÷ß°“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„® °≈ÿà¡ ∫∑¡—°®–∂Ÿ°·∫à߬àÕ¬ÕÕ°‰ª‡ªìπç°≈ÿà¡é¢ÕßÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿàµà“ßÊ ‡™àπ „π∫∑∑’Ë 3 ∑’ˇªìπ°“√·¬°ª√–‡¿∑ °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡π—Èπ ·∫àßÕÕ°¡“‡ªìπ “¡°≈ÿà¡ ‰¥â·°à °“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√ ¥â“π°“√√—∫ (d310-d329) °“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√ ¥â“π°“√ √â“ß (d330-d349) ·≈–°“√ π∑π“·≈–°“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å °“√ ◊ËÕ “√·≈–‡∑§π‘§„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ (d350-d369) °≈ÿࡵà“ßÊ ‡À≈à“π’È ®–„À⧫“¡ –¥«°°—∫ºŸâ„™â ·≈–∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ßπ—Èπ‰¡à∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπ à«πÀπ÷ËߢÕß‚§√ß √â“ß ¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑·≈–‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª·≈â«®– ‰¡àπ”¡“„™â„π°“√„Àâ√À—

21 √–¥—∫∑’Ë ’Ë ®–¡’‡©æ“–„π∫—≠™’·¬°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬‡∑à“π—Èπ

220 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF

Categories Within each chapter there are individual two-, three- or four-level categories, each with a short definition and inclusions and exclusions as appropriate to assist in the selection of the appropriate code.

Definitions ICF gives operational definitions of the health and health-related categories, as opposed to "vernacular" or layperson’s definitions. These definitions describe the essential attributes of each domain (e.g. qualities, properties, and relationships) and contain information as to what is included and excluded in each category. The definitions also contain commonly used anchor points for assessment, for application in surveys and questionnaires, or alternatively, for the results of assessment instruments coded in ICF terms. For example, visual acuity functions are defined in terms of monocular and binocular acuity at near and far distances so that the severity of visual acuity difficulty can be coded as none, mild, moderate, severe or total.

Inclusion terms Inclusion terms are listed after the definition of many categories. They are provided as a guide to the content of the category, and are not meant to be exhaustive. In the case of second-level items, the inclusions cover all embedded, third-level items.

Exclusion terms Exclusion terms are provided where, owing to the similarity with another term, application might prove difficult. For example, it might be thought that the category “Toileting” includes the category “Caring for body parts”. To distinguish the two, however, “Toileting” is excluded from category d520 “Caring for body parts” and coded to d530.

Other specified At the end of each embedded set of third- or fourth-level items, and at the end of each chapter, are “other specified” categories (uniquely identified by the final code number 8). These allow for the coding of aspects of functioning that are not included within any of the other specific categories. When “other specified” is employed, the user should specify the new item in an additional list.

Unspecified The last categories within each embedded set of third- or fourth-level items, and at the end of each chapter, are “unspecified” categories that allow for the coding of functions that fit within the group but for which there is insufficient information to permit the assignment of a more specific category. This code has the same meaning as the second- or third-level term immediately above, without any additional information (for blocks, the “other specified” and “unspecified” categories are joined into a single item, but are always identified by the final code number 9).

221 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF À¡«¥À¡ŸàÀ√◊Õª√–‡¿∑ „π·µà≈–∫∑®–¡’°“√·¬°®”æ«°ÕÕ°‰ª‡ªìπ√–¥—∫ 2 √–¥—∫ 3 √–¥—∫À√◊Õ 4 √–¥—∫ ´÷Ëß„π·µà≈–√–¥—∫ ®–¡’§”®”°—¥§«“¡·≈–‰¥â√«¡ ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â√«¡Õ–‰√‰«â∫â“ß ·≈â«·µà§«“¡‡À¡“– ¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√™à«¬„π ‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√„ à√À— ∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß §”®”°—¥§«“¡ ICF ®–„À⧔®”°—¥§«“¡‡™‘ߪؑ∫—µ‘°“√„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß ÿ¢¿“æÀ√◊ÕÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ „π‡™‘ß¢Õß°“√∑’Ë®–𔉪ªØ‘∫—µ‘ ¡‘„™à§”®”°—¥§«“¡∑’ˇªìπ¿“…“æ◊ÈπÊ ¢Õߧπ∑—Ë«‰ª §”®”°—¥§«“¡ ¥—ß°≈à“«π’È ®–∫√√¬“¬ “√–∑’Ë ”§—≠¢Õß·µà≈–¡‘µ‘ (‡™àπ §ÿ≥¿“æ, §ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å ·≈–®–∫√√®ÿ‰«â¥â«¬«à“„π·µà≈–À¡«¥À¡Ÿà®–π—∫‡¢â“À√◊Õ§—¥ÕÕ°Õ–‰√∫â“ß πÕ°®“°π’È §”®”°—¥§«“¡ ¥—ß°≈à“«¬—ߪ√–°Õ∫¥â«¬À≈—° ”§—≠Ê ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈, °“√∑”°“√ ”√«®·≈–°“√®—¥∑” ·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡À√◊Õ „πÕ’°∑“ßÀπ÷Ë߇æ◊ËÕ°“√«—¥°“√„™âß“π¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘π ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ª√–¬ÿ°µå„™â„π°“√ ”√«® À√◊Õ‡ªìπ∑“߇≈◊Õ° ”À√—∫º≈≈—æ∏å¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ°“√ª√–‡¡‘π∑’Ë„Àâ√À— µ“¡ ·∫∫ ICF µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡™—¥‡®π„π°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ®–„À⧔®”°—¥§«“¡‰«â„π‡√◊ËÕß ¢Õߧ«“¡™—¥‡®π ®“°°“√„™â¥«ßµ“¢â“߇¥’¬« À√◊Õ¥«ßµ“ Õߢâ“ß ”À√—∫°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ„π√–¬–‰°≈ ·≈–√–¬–„°≈â ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ “¡“√∂„™â„π°“√«—¥√–¥—∫¢Õߪí≠À“§«“¡™—¥‡®π„π°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ«à“ Õ¬Ÿà„π √–¥—∫∑’Ë “¡“√∂„Àâ√À— «à“‰¡à¡’ªí≠À“, ¡’ªí≠À“‡≈Á°πâÕ¬, ª“π°≈“ß, √ÿπ·√ßÀ√◊Õ‡ªìπªí≠À“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ §”»—æ∑å√–∫ÿ°“√√«¡ ∑⓬§”®”°—¥§«“¡¢ÕßÀ≈“¬Ê À¡«¥À¡Ÿà §”∑’Ë√–∫ÿ«à“√«¡ ´÷Ëß¡’‰«â‡ªìπ·π«∑“ß∑’Ë®–∫Õ°Õ¬à“߬àÕÊ «à“ À¡«¥À¡Ÿàπ—ÈπÊ ª√–°Õ∫‰ª¥â«¬Õ–‰√∫â“ß ”À√—∫„π√“¬°“√√–¥—∫∑’Ë Õßπ—Èπ à«π∑’Ë√–∫ÿ«à“√«¡π—Èπ®– §√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡ ‘Ëß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë “¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ §”»—æ∑å√–∫ÿ°“√‰¡à√«¡ §”»—æ∑å∑’Ë√–∫ÿ°“√§—¥ÕÕ°«à“‰¡à√«¡ ®–¡’‰«â‡æ◊ËÕÀ≈’°‡≈’ˬߧ«“¡¬ÿà߬“°„π°√≥’∑’ËÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿàµà“ßÊ π—Èπ¡’ §«“¡À¡“¬∑’˧≈⓬§≈÷ß°—π µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ „π°√≥’¢Õߧ”«à“ ç°“√„™âÀâÕßπÈ”é Õ“®®–∑”„À⧑¥‰ª«à“√«¡ ç°“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬é ‰«â¥â«¬ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√·¬°§”‡À≈à“π’ÈÕÕ°¡“„Àâ™—¥‡®π®÷ß µâÕß√–∫ÿ«à“ ç°“√„™âÀâÕßπÈ”é π—Èπ‰¡àπ—∫√«¡À¡«¥À¡Ÿà d520 ∑’ˇªìπ ç°“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµà“ßÊ¢Õß √à“ß°“¬é ·≈–„Àâ√À— d530 µà“ßÀ“°ÕÕ°¡“ ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊ ∑⓬ ÿ¥¢Õß·µà≈–™ÿ¥√“¬°“√ „π√–¥—∫∑’Ë “¡·≈–∑’Ë ’Ë·≈–∑⓬ ÿ¥¢Õß·µà≈–∫∑®–‡ªìπÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà∑’ˇ√’¬° «à“ ç∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊé (´÷Ëß®–√–∫ÿ¥â«¬√À— ‡∫Õ√å 8) ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–¬Õ¡„Àâ√À— °—∫¥â“πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë¡‘‰¥â√«¡Õ¬Ÿà„πÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà„¥À¡«¥À¡ŸàÀπ÷Ëß ‚¥¬‡©æ“–‡¡◊ËÕ¡’§”«à“ ç∑’ˉ¥â √–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊé ºŸâ„™â®–µâÕß∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß ‘Ëß„À¡à‰«â„π√“¬°“√‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ∑‰¡’Ë à‰¥â√–∫√“¬≈–‡Õÿ ’¬¥ À¡«¥À¡Ÿà ÿ¥∑⓬„π∫√√¥“√“¬°“√∑’Ë®—¥‰«â„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë “¡·≈–√–¥—∫∑’Ë ’Ë·≈–∑⓬∫∑µà“ßÊ §◊Õ À¡«¥ À¡Ÿà∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“ ç∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥é ´÷Ëß®–¬Õ¡„Àâ√À— °—∫°“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë¡’¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√‰¡à‡æ’¬ß æÕ∑’Ë®–®—¥‰«â„πÀ¡«¥„¥À¡«¥À¡ŸàÀπ÷Ëß √À— π’È®–¡’§«“¡À¡“¬∑’ˇÀ¡◊Õπ°—∫√“¬°“√√–¥—∫∑’Ë Õß ∑’Ë “¡ ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà‡Àπ◊Õµπ‚¥¬∑’ˉ¡à¡’¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ( ”À√—∫À¡«¥À¡Ÿà ç∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥Õ◊ËπÊé ·≈– ç∑’ˉ¡à ‰¥â√–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥é π—Èπ ®–®—¥√«∫‰«â„π√“¬°“√‡¥’¬«°—π ·µà®–≈ß∑⓬√À— ¥â«¬√À— ‡≈¢ 9 ‡ ¡Õ)

221 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF

Qualifiers The ICF codes require the use of one or more qualifiers, which denote, for example, the magnitude of the level of health or severity of the problem at issue. Qualifiers are coded as one, two or more numbers after a point. Use of any code should be accompanied by at least one qualifier. Without qualifiers codes have no inherent meaning (by default, WHO interprets incomplete codes as signifying the absence of a problem -- xxx.00).

The first qualifier for Body Functions and Structures, the performance and capacity qualifiers for Activities and Participation, and the first qualifier for Environmental Factors all describe the extent of problems in the respective component.

All components are quantified using the same generic scale. Having a problem may mean an impairment, limitation, restriction or barrier, depending on the construct. Appropriate qualifying words as shown in brackets below should be chosen according to the relevant classification domain (where xxx stands for the second-level domain number): xxx.0 NO problem (none, absent, negligible,… )0–4 % xxx.1 MILD problem (slight, low,…)5–24 % xxx.2 MODERATE problem (medium, fair,...) 25–49 % xxx.3 SEVERE problem (high, extreme, …)50–95 % xxx.4 COMPLETE problem (total,…)96–100 % xxx.8 not specified xxx.9 not applicable

Broad ranges of percentages are provided for those cases in which calibrated assessment instruments or other standards are available to quantify the impairment, capacity limitation, performance problem or environmental barrier/facilitator. For example, when “no problem” or “complete problem” is coded, this may have a margin of error of up to 5%. A “moderate problem” is defined as up to half of the scale of total difficulty. The percentages are to be calibrated in different domains with reference to population standards as percentiles. For this quantification to be used in a universal manner, assessment procedures have to be developed through research.

In the case of the Environmental Factors component, this first qualifier can also be used to denote the extent of positive aspects of the environment, or facilitators. To denote facilitators, the same 0–4 scale can be used, but the point is replaced by a plus sign: e.g. e110+2. Environmental factors can be coded either (i) in relation to each component; or (ii) without relation to each component (see section 3 below). The first style is preferable since it identifies the impact and attribution more clearly.

Additional qualifiers For different users, it might be appropriate and helpful to add other kinds of information to the coding of each item. There are a variety of additional qualifiers that could be useful, as mentioned later.

222 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥– °“√„Àâ√À— „π ICF µâÕß„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–Àπ÷Ëßµ—«À√◊Õ¡“°°«à“ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√∫—π∑÷°∂÷ß¢π“¥¢Õß √–¥—∫ ÿ¢¿“æÀ√◊Õ§«“¡√ÿπ·√ߢÕߪí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ ®–„Àâ√À— „π≈—°…≥–¢Õßµ—«‡≈¢ 1, 2 À√◊Õ 3 µ—« ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∂—¥¡“®“°®ÿ¥ °“√„Àâ√À— ®–µâÕß√à«¡°—πÕ¬à“ßπâÕ¬ 1 µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‡ ¡Õ ¡‘©–π—Èπ √À— π—Èπ®–‰¡à¡’§«“¡À¡“¬„πµ—«‡Õß(Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° °”Àπ¥«à“ °“√„ à√À— ∑’ˉ¡à ¡∫Ÿ√≥å π—Èπ‡∑à“°—∫«à“‡ªìπ°“√∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‰¡à¡’ªí≠À“ - - xxx.00) µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«·√° ”À√—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥– ¢Õß ¡√√∂π–·≈–§«“¡ “¡“√∂ ”À√—∫‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√‡¢â“¡’ à«π√à«¡ ·≈–µ—«∫àß §ÿ≥≈—°…≥–Õ—π¥—∫·√° ”À√—∫ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ µà“ß°Á„™â‡ªìπµ—«∫√√¬“¬¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õߪí≠À“ ¢ÕßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫∑’Ë°≈à“«∂÷ß Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑—ÈßÀ¡¥®–∂Ÿ°«—¥§à“ ‚¥¬„™â¡“µ√“«—¥∑—Ë«‰ª °“√‡°‘¥ªí≠À“ Õ“®®–¡“®“°§«“¡ ∫°æ√àÕß, ¢âÕ®”°—¥, Õÿª √√§ ∑—Èßπ’È ·≈â«·µà à«π¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇªìπµ—««—¥§ÿ≥¿“æ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π«ß‡≈Á∫¢â“ß ≈à“ß ∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡®–∂Ÿ°‡≈◊Õ°„À⇢⓰—∫ à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫¡‘µ‘¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ (xxx ®–‡ªìπ µ—«‡≈¢∑’Ë∫Õ°∂÷ß√–¥—∫∑’Ë ÕߢÕß à«π) xxx. 0 ‰¡à¡’ ªí≠À“ (‰¡à¡’, ‰¡àÕ¬Ÿà, ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬¡“° ...... ) 0-4 % xxx. 1 ¡ª’ ≠À“í ‡≈°πÁ Õ¬â (πâÕ¬, µË” ...... ) 5-24 % xxx. 2 ¡ª’ ≠À“í ª“π°≈“ß (°≈“ß, æÕ„™â ...... ) 25-49 % xxx. 3 ¡ª’ ≠À“í √ÿπ·√ß ( Ÿß, ∑’Ë ÿ¥ ...... ) 50-95 % xxx. 4 ¡ª’ ≠À“í ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ (√«¡À¡¥ ...... ) 96-100 % xxx. 8 ‰¡√–∫à ÿ xxx. 9 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß ™à«ß√âÕ¬≈–∑’Ë°«â“ß ”À√—∫°√≥’µà“ßÊ ∑’ˇ§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ«—¥À√◊Õ¡“µ√∞“π∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿàπ—Èπ‡ªìπ‰ª‡æ◊ËÕ°“√«—¥§à“§«“¡ º‘¥ª°µ‘, ¢âÕ®”°—¥¢Õߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂, ªí≠À“‡√◊ËÕß ¡√√∂π– À√◊Õ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ/Õÿª √√§∑“ßªí®®—¬ ¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’°“√„Àâ√À— «à“ 牡ࡒªí≠À“é À√◊Õ ç¡’ªí≠À“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥é §à“¢Õß §«“¡§≈“¥‡§≈◊ËÕπ®–¡’‰¥â∂÷ß 5% à«π„π°√≥’¢Õß çªí≠À“ª“π°≈“ßé °“√«—¥§à“®–µ°Õ¬Ÿà®π∂÷ß®ÿ¥ °÷Ëß°≈“ߢÕß¡“µ√«—¥ ¢Õߧ«“¡¬“°≈”∫“°∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ √âÕ¬≈–∑ÈßÀ¡¥π— ’È®–µâÕßπ”¡“°”Àπ¥§à“„À¡à „π¡‘µ‘µà“ßÊ ‚¥¬Õâ“ßÕ‘ß°—∫ª√–™“°√¡“µ√∞“π∑’Ë«—¥‡ªìπ percentiles À“°µâÕß°“√∑’Ë®–„™â«‘∏’π’È ”À√—∫°“√«—¥§à“„π‡√◊ËÕßÕ◊ËπÊ °√–∫«π°“√ª√–‡¡‘π À√◊Õ°“√«—¥®–µâÕßæ—≤π“¢÷Èπ®“°°“√«‘®—¬ ”À√—∫‡√◊ËÕߢÕßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«·√° “¡“√∂„™â∫—π∑÷° ¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õß¡ÿ¡¡Õß„π‡™‘ß∫«°¢Õß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ À√◊Õ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ„π°“√∫—π∑÷° À√◊Õ«—¥§à“¢Õß ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕ Àπÿπ “¡“√∂π”¡“µ√«—¥√–À«à“ß 0-4 ¡“„™â‰¥â ·µà®–µâÕß„™â‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬∫«°¡“·∑π∑’Ë®ÿ¥ : µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ e110+2 ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–„Àâ√À— ‰¥â‡ªìπ(i)¡’§«“¡‡°’ˬ«‚¬ß´÷Ëß°—π ·≈–°—π·µà≈–Õߧåª√–°Õ∫; À√◊Õ (ii) „π°√≥’∑’ˉ¡à¡’§«“¡‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—π„π·µà≈–Õߧåª√–°Õ∫ (‚ª√¥ ¥Ÿ„π À—«¢âÕ∑’Ë 3) µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥– ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ‡æ◊ËÕª√–‚¬™πå¢ÕߺŸâ„™âÕ◊ËπÊ Õ“®®–‡ªìπ°“√‡À¡“– ¡·≈–‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πå∑’Ë®–‡æ‘Ë¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈Õ◊Ëπ„π°“√„Àâ √À— ·µà≈–√“¬°“√¡’µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë “¡“√∂„™â‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πå ´÷Ëß®–‰¥â°≈à“«∂÷ßµàÕ ‰ª

222 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF

Coding positive aspects At the user’s discretion coding scales can be developed to capture the positive aspects of functioning:

Positive Negative

Body Functions Impairment

Positive Negative

Activity Activity limitation

Positive Negative

Participation Participation restriction

223 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF °“√„Àâ√À— ‡™‘ß∫«° ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√«—¥º≈„π‡™‘ß∫«°¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ºŸâ„™â “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–°”Àπ¥¡“µ√«—¥¢Õß°“√„ à √À— ¥â«¬µπ‡Õß :

∫«° ≈∫

°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß

∫«° ≈∫

°‘®°√√¡ °“√®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡

∫«° ≈∫

°“√ (‡¢â“√à«¡) ¡’ à«π√à«¡ ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡

223 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF

2. General coding rules

The following rules are essential for accurate retrieval of information for the various uses of the classification.

Select an array of codes to form an individual’s profile ICF classifies health and health-related states and therefore requires the assigning of a series of codes that best describe the profile of the person's functioning. ICF is not an “event classification” like ICD-10 in which a particular health condition is classified with a single code. As the functioning of a person can be affected at the body, individual and societal level, the user should always take into consideration all components of the classification, namely Body Functions and Structures, Activities and Participation, and Environmental Factors. Though it is impractical to expect that all the possible codes will be used for every encounter, depending on the setting of the encounter users will select the most salient codes for their purpose to describe a given health experience.

Code relevant information Coded information is always in the context of a health condition. Although to use the codes it is not necessary to trace the links between the health condition and the aspects of functioning and disability that are coded, ICF is a health classification and so presumes the presence of a health condition of some kind. Therefore, information about what a person does or does not choose to do is not related to a functioning problem associated with a health condition and should not be coded. For example, if a person decides not to begin new relationships with his or her neighbours for reasons other than health, then it is not appropriate to use category d7200, which includes the actions of forming relationships. Conversely, if the person’s decision is linked to a health condition (e.g. depression), then the code should be applied.

Information that reflects the person’s feeling of involvement or satisfaction with the level of functioning is currently not coded in ICF. Further research may provide additional qualifiers that will allow this information to be coded.

Only those aspects of the person’s functioning relevant to a predefined time- frame should be coded. Functions that relate to an earlier encounter and have no bearing on the current encounter should not be recorded.

Code explicit information When assigning codes, the user should not make an inference about the inter- relationship between an impairment of body functions or structure, activity limitation or participation restriction. For example, if a person has a limitation in functioning in moving around, it is not justifiable to assume that the person has an impairment of movement functions. Similarly, from the fact that a person has a limited capacity to move around it is unwarranted to infer that he or she has a performance problem in moving around. The user must obtain explicit information on Body Functions and Structures and on capacity and performance

224 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF

2. °Æ∑—Ë«‰ª„π°“√„Àâ√À— °Æµà“ßÊ ¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ‡ªìπ ‘Ëß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ µàÕ°“√¥÷ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß ·πàπÕπ ”À√—∫°“√„™âª√–‚¬™πå¢Õß °“√®”·π°∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬ °“√‡≈◊Õ°≈”¥—∫¢Õß√À— ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∑”ªŸ¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ICF ‡ªìπ°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– ¿“«–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–µâÕß°“√°“√„Àâ√À— ∑’Ë “¡“√∂∫√√¬“¬∂÷ߪŸ¡ À√◊Õ≈—°…≥–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈§πÀπ÷Ëß ICF ¡‘‰¥â‡ªìπ ç°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õ߇Àµÿ°“√≥åé ¥—߇™àπ„π ICD-10 ´÷Ëß ‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ∑’Ë®”‡æ“– ®–∂Ÿ° „Àâ√À— ‡æ’¬ß√À— ‡¥’¬« ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈·≈– —ߧ¡ “¡“√∂ àߺ≈µàÕ°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢Õß ∫ÿ§§≈ ¥—ßπ—ÈπºŸâ„™â§«√∑’Ë®–æ‘®“√≥“∂÷ßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑„π‡√◊ËÕß°“√ ∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬, °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ·≈–ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡ ·¡â«à“®–‡ªìπ°“√¬“°∑’˺Ÿâ„™â ®–π”√À— ‡°◊Õ∫∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¡“„™â„π∑ÿ°°√≥’ ∑—Èßπ’È·≈â«·µà°√≥’ ºŸâ„™â®÷ߧ«√∑’Ë®–‡≈◊Õ°„™â√À— ∑’ˇ¥àπ™—¥∑Ë ’ ÿ¥ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√∫√√¬“¬∂÷ߪ√– ∫°“√≥å¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√À— ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√∑’Ë„ à√À— ‰«â ®–‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ ·¡â«à“°“√„™â√À— π—Èπ ‰¡à ®”‡ªìπ∑’Ë®–µâÕ߉≈àÀ“§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß√–À«à“߇ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ°—∫§«“¡æ‘°“√ À√◊Õ°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß √à“ß°“¬∑’ˉ¥â„ à√À— ‰«â ICF ‡ªìπ°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ®÷ß∂◊Õ‡ ¡◊Õπ«à“®–‡ªìπ°“√∫Õ°∂÷ß ‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ¥â«¬ ¥—ßπ—Èπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ‘Ëß∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈‡≈◊Õ°∑’Ë®–°√–∑” À√◊Õ‰¡à°√–∑” ®÷߉¡à ‡°’ˬ«°—∫ªí≠À“„π°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–‰¡à§«√∑’Ë®–„Àâ√À— µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ À“°∫ÿ§§≈§πÀπ÷Ëß ‡≈◊Õ°∑’Ë®–‰¡à§∫À“°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π¥â«¬‡Àµÿº≈∑’ˉ¡à‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß ÿ¢¿“æ °Á‰¡à ‡ªìπ°“√ ¡§«√∑’Ë®–„™â√À— À¡«¥À¡Ÿà d7200 ´÷Ë߇°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡√◊ËÕß°“√§∫À“ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ „π∑“ß °≈—∫°—π ∂â“°“√µ—¥ ‘π„®¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫ªí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ (‡™àπ Õ“°“√´÷¡‡»√â“) °Á§«√®–„Àâ √À— ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈„π°“√‡¢â“¡“‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß À√◊Õ„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕߧ«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„® µàÕ√–¥—∫¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬π—Èπ ¬—ß¡‘‰¥â¡’°“√„Àâ√À— ‰«â„π ICF °“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ Õ“® ®–∑”„Àâ¡’°“√°”Àπ¥µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®– “¡“√∂¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡À≈à“π—Èπ‰¥â ‡©æ“–¥â“π¢Õß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫™à«ß‡«≈“∑’Ë°”Àπ¥‡∑à“π—Èπ ∑’˧«√®–„Àâ√À— °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫™à«ß°àÕπÀπâ“·≈–‰¡à‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡«≈“∑’Ë°”Àπ¥„πªí®®ÿ∫—π‰¡à§«√„Àâ√À— ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë™—¥‡®π ¢Õß√À— „π°“√„Àâ√À— ºŸâ„™â®–µâÕ߉¡à„™â«‘∏’°“√ √ÿª§«“¡‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—π√–À«à“ߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß°“√∑”ß“π ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ À√◊Õ¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬, ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡À√◊Õ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ À“°∫ÿ§§≈¡’¢’¥®”°—¥„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë ®–‰¡à‡ªìπ°“√∂Ÿ°µâÕß∑’Ë®– √ÿª«à“ ∫ÿ§§≈§ππ—Èπ ¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß°“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«„π∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—π ®“°§«“¡®√‘ß∑’Ë «à“À“°∫ÿ§§≈§ππ—Èπ ¡’¢’¥®”°—¥¢Õߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë °Á‰¡à§«√∑’Ë®– √ÿª≈߉ª«à“∫ÿ§§≈ ¥—ß°≈à“«π—Èπ¡’ªí≠À“„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß ¡√√∂π–„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë ºŸâ„™â®–µâÕß·¬°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë™—¥‡®π‡°’ˬ«°—∫ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬·≈–»—°¬¿“æ°—∫ ¡√√∂π–ÕÕ°¡“®“°°—πÕ¬à“ß ™—¥‡®π µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ®“°°“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„® ®–µâÕß¡’°“√ √ÿªÀ√◊Õª√–¡“≥°“√≥宓°

224 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF separately (in some instances, mental functions for example, an inference from other observations is required since the body function in question is not directly observable).

Code specific information Health and health-related states should be recorded as specifically as possible, by assigning the most appropriate ICF category. For example, the most specific code for a person with night blindness is b21020 “Light sensitivity”. If, however, for some reason this level of detail cannot be applied, the corresponding “parent” code in the hierarchy can be used instead (in this case, b2102 Quality of vision, b210 Seeing functions, or b2 Sensory functions and pain).

To identify the appropriate code easily and quickly, the use of the ICF Browser,22 which provides a search engine function with an electronic index of the full version of the classification, is strongly recommended. Alternatively, the alphabetical index can be used.

3. Coding conventions for the Environmental Factors component

For the coding of environmental factors, three coding conventions are open for use:

Convention 1

Environmental factors are coded alone, without relating these codes to body functions, body structures or activities and participation.

Body functions ______Body structures ______Activities and Participation ______Environment ______

Convention 2

Environmental factors are coded for every component.

Body functions ______E code ______Body structures ______E code ______Activities and Participation______E code ______

22 The ICF Browser in different languages can be downloaded from the ICF website: http://www.who.int/classification/icf

225 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF ¢âÕ —߇°µÕ◊ËπÊ ∑“ß√à“ß°“¬ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„®‡Õ߉¡à “¡“√∂∑’Ë®– —߇°µ‰¥â‚¥¬µ√ß ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡©æ“–¢Õß√À— ÿ¢¿“æÀ√◊Õ ¿“«–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ §«√®–∂Ÿ°∫—π∑÷°‰«âÕ¬à“ß®”‡æ“–‡®“–®ß∑’Ë ÿ¥‡∑à“∑’Ë®–‡ªì𠉪‰¥â ‚¥¬°“√„Àâ√À— À¡«¥À¡Ÿà ICF ∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡∑’Ë ÿ¥ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ √À— ∑’ˇ©æ“–‡®“–®ß∑’Ë ÿ¥ ”À√—∫°√≥’¢Õß°“√∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈¡’Õ“°“√¢Õß night blindness §◊Õ b21020 çÕ“°“√‰«µàÕ· ßé Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ À“°¡’‡Àµÿº≈∑’Ë∑”„Àâ‰¡à “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–„™â√À— π’ȉ¥â °Á„Àâ‡≈◊ËÕπ‰ª„™â√À— ∑’Ë Ÿß¢÷Èπ‰ª ·∑π („π°√≥’π’È §◊Õ b2102 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ, b210 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπÀ√◊Õ b2 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√Ÿâ ÷°·≈–§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥) ‡æ◊ËÕ§«“¡ –¥«°·≈–√«¥‡√Á«„π°“√À“√À— ∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡π—Èπ ·π–π”„Àâ„™â ICF Browser22 ´÷Ëß®–¡’ ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√§âπÀ“„Àâ ‚¥¬¡’¥—™π’Õ‘‡≈§∑√Õ𑧠å¢Õß°“√·¬°ª√–‡¿∑©∫—∫ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å ∑“߇≈◊Õ°Õ’° Õ—πÀπ÷Ëß°Á§◊Õ ¥—™π’∑’ˇ√’¬ß≈”¥—∫µ“¡µ—«Õ—°…√ 3. ¢âÕµ°≈ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ¢âÕµ°≈ߥ—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È µ—Èߢ÷Èπ¡“‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„ à√À— ¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õߧåª√–°Õ∫ ”À√—∫°“√„Àâ √À— ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¡’ 3 ¢âÕµ°≈ß ∂Ÿ°°”À𥉫â„Àℙ⠢âÕµ°≈ß∑’Ë 1 ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡®–∂Ÿ°„Àâ√À— ‚¥¬≈”æ—ß ‚¥¬‰¡à‡°’ˬ«‚¬ß°—∫√À— ¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ À√◊Õ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ À√◊Õ°‘®°√√¡·≈– °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡

°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ______‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ______°‘®°√√¡ ·≈– °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ______‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ______¢âÕµ°≈ß∑’Ë 2 ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡®–∂Ÿ°„Àâ√À— ”À√—∫∑ÿ°ÊÕߧåª√–°Õ∫

°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ______√À— E ______‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ______√À— E ______°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ______√À— E ______

5 ICF Browser „π¿“…“Õ◊ËπÊ “¡“√∂¥“«πå‚À≈¥‰¥â®“°‡«Á∫‰´µå¢Õß ICF ∑’Ë http://www..who.int/classification/icf

225 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF

Convention 3

Environmental factors are coded for capacity and performance qualifiers in the Activities and Participation component for every item.

Performance qualifier______E code ______Capacity qualifier ______E code ______

4. Component-specific coding rules

4.1 Coding body functions

Definitions Body functions are the physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions). Impairments are problems in body function or structure as a significant deviation or loss.

Using the qualifier for body functions Body functions are coded with one qualifier that indicates the extent or magnitude of the impairment. The presence of an impairment can be identified as a loss or lack, reduction, addition or excess, or deviation.

The impairment of a person with hemiparesis can be described with code b7302 Power of muscles of one side of the body:

Extent of impairment (first qualifier)

b7302.__

Once an impairment is present, it can be scaled in severity using the generic qualifier. For example: b7302.1 MILD impairment of power of muscles of one side of body (5–24 %) b7302.2 MODERATE impairment of power of muscles of one side of body (25–49 %) b7302.3 SEVERE impairment of power of muscles of one side of body (50–95 %) b7302.4 COMPLETE impairment of power of muscles of one side of body (96–100 %)

The absence of an impairment (according to a predefined threshold level) is indicated by the value “0” for the generic qualifier. For example:

b7302.0 NO impairment in power of muscles of one side of body

If there is insufficient information to specify the severity of the impairment, the value “8” should be used. For example, if a person’s health record states that the person is suffering from weakness of the right side of the body without giving further details, then the following code can be applied:

b7302.8 Impairment of power of muscles of one side of body, not specified

226 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF ¢âÕµ°≈ß 3 ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡®–∂Ÿ°„Àâ√À— ”À√—∫µ—«°”Àπ¥»—°¬¿“æ·≈– ¡√√∂π– „πÕߧåª√–°Õ∫ °‘®°√√¡°—∫°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡∑ÿ°√“¬°“√ µ—«∫àß ¡√√∂¿“æ______√À— E______µ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂______√À— E______4. Õߧåª√–°Õ∫‡©æ“–¢Õß°Æ°“√„Àâ√À— 4.1 °“√„Àâ√À— ‡√◊ËÕß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ §”®”°—¥§«“¡ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ §◊Õ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π √’√–«‘∑¬“¢Õß√–∫∫¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ (√«¡∂÷ß°“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„®¥â«¬) §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß §◊Õ ªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ À√◊Õ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ „π≈—°…≥–∑’ˇªìπ°“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫πÕ¬à“ß¡’𗬬– ”§—≠À√◊Õ°“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬ °“√„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥– ”À√—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∂Ÿ°„Àâ√À— ¥â«¬µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥– ´÷Ëß™’È„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ߢÕ∫‡¢µÀ√◊Õ¢π“¥¢Õߧ«“¡ ∫°æ√àÕß °“√¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕßπ—Èπ √–∫ÿ‰¥â„π≈—°…≥–°“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬ °“√¢“¥ °“√≈¥ °“√‡æ‘Ë¡À√◊Õ°“√ ‡ªìπ à«π‡°‘πÀ√◊Õ°“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫𠧫“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’Õ“°“√¢ÕßÕ—¡æƒ°…å§√÷Ëß´’° “¡“√∂®–∫√√¬“¬‰¥â¥â«¬√À— b7302 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß

√–¥—∫¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß (µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë 1) b7302.__ ‡¡◊ËÕæ∫§«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘·≈â« “¡“√∂«—¥§à“§«“¡√ÿπ·√ßµàÕ‰ª‰¥â ‚¥¬„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‰ª µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ b7302.1 ¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢â“ßÀπ÷Ë߇≈°πÁ Õ¬â (5-24 %) b7302.2 ¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß ª“π°≈“ß (25-49%) b7302.3 ¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß√ÿπ·√ß (50-95%) b7302.4 ¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ (96-100%) À“°‰¡à¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß (µ“¡√–¥—∫¢Õß°“√«—¥´÷Ëß°”À𥉫â) „Àâ„™â§à“ 0 ‡ªìπµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‰ª µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ b7302.0 ‰¡à¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß À“°¡’¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫§«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ‰¡à‡æ’¬ßæÕ∑’Ë®–√–∫ÿ§«“¡√ÿπ·√ߢÕߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß „Àâ„™â§à“ 8 µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ À“°∫—π∑÷° ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈§πÀπ÷Ëß °≈à“««à“ ∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ¡’§«“¡∑ÿ°¢å∑√¡“π ®“° Õ“°“√ÕàÕπ·√ß∑“ߥâ“π¢«“¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‚¥¬‰¡à‰¥â„Àâ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ „Àâ„™â√À— ¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È b7302.8 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬Àπ÷Ëߢâ“ß, ‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ

226 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF

There may be situations where it is inappropriate to apply a particular code. For example, the code b650 Menstruation functions is not applicable for women before or beyond a certain age (pre-menarche or post-menopause). For these cases, the value “9” is assigned:

b650.9 Menstruation functions, not applicable

Structural correlates of body functions The classifications of Body Functions and Body Structures are designed to be parallel. When a body function code is used, the user should check whether the corresponding body structure code is applicable. For example, body functions include basic human senses such as b210-b229 Seeing and related functions,” and their structural correlates occur between s210 and s230 as “eye and related structures” .

Interrelationship between impairments Impairments may result in other impairments; for example, muscle power may impair movement functions, heart functions may relate to respiratory functions, perception may relate to thought functions.

Identifying impairments in body functions For those impairments that cannot always be observed directly (e.g. mental functions), the user can infer the impairment from observation of behaviour. For example, in a clinical setting memory may be assessed through standardized tests, and although it is not possible to actually “observe” brain function, depending on the results of these tests it may be reasonable to assume that the mental functions of memory are impaired.

227 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF Õ“®®–¡’∫“ß°√≥’∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ°“√‡À¡“– ¡∑’Ë®–„™â√À— Õ¬à“ß„¥Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ √À— b650 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡’√–¥Ÿ ‰¡à‡À¡“–∑’Ë®–„™â°—∫ µ√’∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π«—¬∑’Ë¡’Õ“¬ÿπâÕ¬°«à“À√◊Õ¡“°°«à“‡°≥±å (°àÕπ À√◊ÕÀ≈—ß«—¬∑’Ë¡’√–¥Ÿ) ”À√—∫°√≥’¥—ß°≈à“«π’È„Àâ„™â√À— ∑’Ë¡’§à“‡ªìπ‡≈¢ ç9é b650.9 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡’√–¥Ÿ, ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬°—∫‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ®–‡ªìπ‰ª„π≈—°…≥–∑’Ë ¢π“π°—π‰ª‡¡◊ËÕ√À— ¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∂Ÿ°„™â ºŸâ„™â®–µâÕßµ√«® Õ∫«à“ √À— ¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕßπ—Èπ„™â‰¥âÀ√◊Õ‡ª≈à“ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë√«¡∂÷ß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢—Èπ æ◊Èπ∞“π¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å ‡™àπ „π b210-b229 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ·≈–°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß·≈– ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß√à«¡°—π®–Õ¬Ÿà√–À«à“ß s210 ·≈– s230 π—Ëπ§◊Õ çµ“·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕßé §«“¡‡°’ˬ«‡π◊ËÕß°—π¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß §«“¡∫°æ√àÕßÕ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß Õ“®®–𔉪 Ÿà§«“¡∫°æ√àÕßÕ’°Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß µ—«Õ¬à“߇™à𠧫“¡∫°æ√àÕß ¢Õß°”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ Õ“®®–∑”„À⇰‘¥§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß „π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß°“√ ∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«„® Õ“®®–¡’º≈µàÕ°“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√À“¬„® °“√√—∫√ŸâÕ“®®–¡’º≈µàÕ°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß §«“¡§‘¥ °“√µ√«®À“§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∫“ßÕ¬à“ßπ—Èπ ‰¡à “¡“√∂∑’Ë®– —߇°µ‡ÀÁπ‰¥â‚¥¬µ√ß (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π ®‘µ„®) „π°√≥’¥—ß°≈à“«π’È ºŸâ„™â “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–„™â«‘∏’°“√ª√–¡“≥°“√≥å „π‡√◊ËÕߢÕߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕ߉¥â‚¥¬ „™â«‘∏’°“√ —߇°µæƒµ‘°√√¡ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ „π°“√µ√«®∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕߢÕߧ«“¡®”π—Èπ Õ“®®–∑”‰¥â‚¥¬„™â«‘∏’°“√∑¥ Õ∫¡“µ√∞“π ·≈–·¡â«à“‡ªìπ‰ª‰¡à‰¥â∑’Ë®–∑”°“√ ç —ß‡°µé °“√∑”ß“π ¢Õß ¡ÕßÕ“»—¬º≈≈—æ∏å¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ¥—ß°≈à“« ¡—πÕ“®®–¡’‡Àµÿº≈æÕ∑’Ë®– √ÿª«à“°“√ ∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵„®¢Õߧ«“¡∑√ß®”¡’§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß

227 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF

4.2 Coding body structures

Definitions Body structures are anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components. Impairments are problems in body function or structure as a significant deviation or loss.

Using qualifiers for coding body structures Body structures are coded with three qualifiers. The first qualifier describes the extent or magnitude of the impairment, the second qualifier is used to indicate the nature of the change, and the third qualifier denotes the location of the impairment.

Extent of impairment (first qualifier)

Nature of impairment (second qualifier)

Location of impairment (third qualifier)

s7300. ______

The descriptive schemes used for the three qualifiers are listed in Table 1.

Table 1. Scaling of qualifiers for body structures

First qualifier Second qualifier Third qualifier (suggested) Extent of impairment Nature of impairment Location of impairment

0 NO impairment 0 no change in structure 0 more than one region 1 MILD impairment 1 total absence 1 right 2 MODERATE impairment 2 partial absence 2 left 3 SEVERE impairment 3 additional part 3 both sides 4 COMPLETE impairment 4 aberrant dimensions 4 front 8 not specified 5 discontinuity 5 back 9 not applicable 6 deviating position 6 proximal 7 qualitative changes in 7 distal structure, including 8 not specified accumulation of fluid 9 not applicable 8 not specified 9 not applicable

228 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF 4.2 °“√„Àâ√À— ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ §”®”°—¥§«“¡ ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ‡ªìπ à«π∑“ß°“¬«‘¿“§¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ Õ—π‰¥â·°à Õ«—¬«– ·¢π¢“·≈– à«π ª√–°Õ∫¢Õß¡—𠧫“¡∫°æ√àÕß §◊Õ ªí≠À“¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬À√◊Õ‚§√ß √â“ß√à“ß°“¬„π ≈—°…≥–¢Õߧ«“¡‡∫’ˬ߇∫πÀ√◊Õ°“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬∑’Ë ”§—≠ °“√„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–„π°“√„Àâ√À— ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬®–∂Ÿ°„Àâ√À— ∑’˪√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥– “¡µ—« µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—« ·√°®–∫√√¬“¬∂÷ߢÕ∫‡¢µÀ√◊Õ¢π“¥§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß à«πµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«∑’Ë Õß®–„™â‡ªìπµ—« °”Àπ¥∏√√¡™“µ‘¢Õß°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß·≈–µ—«∑’Ë “¡®–„™â∫—π∑÷°®ÿ¥∑’ˇ°‘¥§«“¡∫°æ√àÕßπ—ÈπÊ

¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß (µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß) ∏√√¡™“µ‘¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√Õßà (µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë Õß) ®ÿ¥∑’ˇ°‘¥§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß (µ—«∫ߧà ÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë “¡)

s 7300. ______

°“√„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Èß “¡®–Õ¬Ÿà„πµ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1. ‡°≈¢Õßµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥– ”À√—∫‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬

µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’ËÀπ÷Ëßµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë Õß µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë “¡ √–¥—∫¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ≈—°…≥–¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ®ÿ¥∑’ˇ°‘¥°“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“槫“¡∫°æ√àÕß 0 §«“¡∫°æ√Õßà ‰¡à¡’ 0‰¡à¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕß‚§√ß √â“ß 0 ¡“°°«à“Àπ÷Ëß·Ààß 1 §«“¡∫°æ√Õßà ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ 1 ‰¡à¡’∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 1 ¢â“ߢ«“ 2 §«“¡∫°æ√Õßà ª“π°≈“ß 2 ‰¡à¡’∫“ß à«π 2 ¢â“ߴ⓬ 3 §«“¡∫°æ√Õßà √ÿπ·√ß 3 ¡’ à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡3 ∑—Èß Õߢâ“ß 4 §«“¡∫°æ√Õßà ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 4 º‘¥ à«π 4 ¥â“πÀπâ“ 8 ‰¡à√–∫ÿ 5 ¢“¥§«“¡µàÕ‡π◊ËÕß 5 ¥â“πÀ≈—ß 9 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß 6 ¡’°“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫π 6 à«πµâπ 7 ‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈߇™‘ߪ√‘¡“≥∑“ß‚§√ß √â“ß 7 à«πª≈“¬ √«¡∑—Èß¡’°“√ – ¡µ—«¢Õ߇À≈« 8 ‰¡à√–∫ÿ 8 ‰¡à√–∫ÿ 9 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß 9 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß

228 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF

4.3 Coding the Activities and Participation component

Definitions Activity is the execution of a task or action by an individual. Participation is involvement in a life situation. Activity limitations are difficulties an individual may have in executing activities. Participation restrictions are problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations.

The Activities and Participation classification is a single list of domains.

Using the capacity and performance qualifiers Activities and Participation is coded with two qualifiers: the performance qualifier, which occupies the first digit position after the point, and the capacity qualifier, which occupies the second digit position after the point. The code that identifies the category from the Activities and Participation list and the two qualifiers form the default information matrix.

Performance qualifier (first qualifier)

Capacity (without assistance) qualifier (second qualifier)

d4500. __ __ Information matrix (default)

The performance qualifier describes what an individual does in his or her current environment. Because the current environment brings in a societal context, performance as recorded by this qualifier can also be understood as "involvement in a life situation" or "the lived experience" of people in the actual context in which they live. This context includes the environmental factors – i.e. all aspects of the physical, social and attitudinal world. This features of the current environment can be coded using the Environmental Factors classification.

The capacity qualifier describes an individual’s ability to execute a task or an action. This construct aims to indicate the highest probable level of functioning that a person may reach in a given domain at a given moment. To assess the full ability of the individual, one would need to have a "standardized" environment to neutralize the varying impact of different environments on the ability of the individual. This standardized environment may be: (a) an actual environment commonly used for capacity assessment in test settings; (b) in cases where this is not possible, an assumed environment which can be thought to have an uniform impact. This environment can be called the "uniform" or "standard" environment. Thus, the capacity construct reflects the environmentally adjusted ability of the individual. This adjustment has to be the same for all persons in all countries to allow international comparisons. To be precise, the features of the

229 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF 4.3 °“√„Àâ√À— °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ §”®”°—¥§«“¡ °‘®°√√¡ À¡“¬∂÷ß °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘À√◊Õ°√–∑”ß“π‚¥¬∫ÿ§§≈ °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ §◊Õ °“√‡°’ˬ«æ—π„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ §◊Õ §«“¡¬“°≈”∫“°„π°“√°√–∑”°‘®°√√¡¢Õß ∫ÿ§§≈ ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ À¡“¬∂÷ß ªí≠À“∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈ª√– ∫„π°“√¡’ à«π‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ®–¡’Õ¬Ÿà‡ªìπ√“¬°“√¢Õß¡‘µ‘µà“ßÊ °“√„™âµ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂·≈–µ—«∫àß ¡√√∂¿“æ °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡¡’√À— ∑’ˇªìπµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–Õ¬Ÿà Õßµ—« §◊Õ : µ—«∫àß ¡√√∂π– ∑’ˇªìπ √À— µ—«‡≈¢ À≈—°·√°µ“¡À≈—ß®“°®ÿ¥ µàÕ¡“§◊Õµ—«∫àß∑’ˇªìπ√À— µ—«‡≈¢À≈—°∑’Ë Õß∂—¥®“°®ÿ¥√À— ∑’Ë °”Àπ¥À¡«¥À¡Ÿà®“°√“¬°“√°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡·≈–µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Èß Õß ®– √â“ß µ“√“ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈Õ—µ‚π¡—µ‘

µ—«∫àß ¡√√∂¿“æ (µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«∑’Ë 1) µ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ (µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«∑’Ë 2)

d4500. __ __ µ“√“ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ (°”Àπ¥)

µ—«∫àß ¡√√∂𖇪ìπ§”Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ß ‘Ëßµà“ßÊ ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈„π ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π ‡π◊ËÕß®“° ¿“«– ·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—𠇪ìπµ—« √â“ß¿“«–∑“ß —ߧ¡ ®÷߇ªìπ∑’ˇ¢â“„®°—π¥â«¬«à“ ¡√√∂π– §◊Õ ç°“√¡’ à«π √à«¡„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µé À√◊Õ çª√– ∫°“√≥åé ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈„π ¿“«–®√‘ß ∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈§ππ—Èπ„™â™’«‘µ Õ¬Ÿà ¿“«–¥—ß°≈à“«π’ÈÀ¡“¬√«¡∂÷ß ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¥â“𰓬¿“æ —ß§¡·≈–∑—»π§µ‘ ´÷Ëß “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–„Àâ√À— ‚¥¬„™â°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡‰¥â µ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ ‡ªìπ°“√Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ „π°“√∑”ß“πÀ√◊Õ‡ªìπ°“√°√–∑” °“√®—¥°≈ÿà¡·∫∫π’È ®–‡ªìπ°“√· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ß√–¥—∫ Ÿß ÿ¥∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈ æÕ∑’Ë®– “¡“√∂ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π‰¥â „π‡«≈“·≈– ¿“«–∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ °“√ª√–‡¡‘π¢’¥§«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈®”‡ªìπ∑’Ë®–µâÕß¡’ ¿“æ ·«¥≈âÕ¡·∫∫ ç¡“µ√∞“πé ‡π◊ËÕß®“° ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’˵à“ß°—π ®–¡’º≈µàÕ§«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡¡“µ√∞“πÕ“®®–‡ªìπ„π≈—°…≥– : (a) ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡®√‘ß„π°“√°”Àπ¥°“√∑¥ Õ∫∑’Ë „™â°—πÕ¬Ÿà∑—Ë«‰ª„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ : (b) °”Àπ¥ ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡ ¡¡ÿµ‘ ·≈–º≈°√–∑∫·∫∫ ‡¥’¬« „π°√≥’∑’ˉ¡à “¡“√∂°√–∑”µ“¡·∫∫·√°‰¥â ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡¥—ß°≈à“« Õ“®®–‡√’¬°«à“¿“«– ·«¥≈âÕ¡·∫∫ ç·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—πÀ¡¥é À√◊Õ ç·∫∫¡“µ√∞“πé ¥—ßπ—Èπ°“√®—¥°≈ÿà¡„π≈—°…≥–π’È ®– · ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈§πÀπ÷Ëß „π ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’ˉ¥â¡’°“√ª√—∫ ¿“扫⠰“√ª√—∫ ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡¥—ß°≈à“« ®–µâÕ߇ªìπ‰ª„π≈—°…≥–‡¥’¬«°—π„π∑ÿ°Êª√–‡∑» ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–‰¥â “¡“√∂π”¡“ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—π‰¥â ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ™—¥‡®π¢÷Èπ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—π À√◊Õ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡·∫∫¡“µ√∞“π π’È “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–„™â√À— ¢ÕßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ™àÕß«à“ß√–À«à“ߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ ·≈– ¡√√∂π–

229 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF uniform or standard environment can be coded using the Environmental Factors component. The gap between capacity and performance reflects the difference between the impacts of the current and uniform environments and thus provides a useful guide as to what can be done to the environment of the individual to improve performance.

Typically, the capacity qualifier without assistance is used in order to describe the individual's true ability which is not enhanced by an assistance device or personal assistance. Since the performance qualifier addresses the individual's current environment, the presence of assistive devices or personal assistance or barriers can be directly observed. The nature of the facilitator or barrier can be described using the Environmental Factors classification.

Optional qualifiers The third and fourth (optional) qualifiers provide users with the possibility of coding capacity with assistance and performance without assistance.

Performance qualifier (first qualifier)

Capacity qualifier without assistance (second qualifier)

Capacity qualifier with assistance (third qualifier)

Performance qualifier without assistance (fourth qualifier)

d4500. ______Information Matrix Optional (default)

230 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF ®–‡ªìπµ—«∫Õ°∂÷ߺ≈°√–∑∫¢Õß¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π °—∫¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë°”À𥉫â„À⇪ìπ·∫∫∑’Ë ‡À¡◊Õπ°—πÀ¡¥ ¥—ßπ—Èπ®÷ß “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â‡ªìπ·π«∑“ß„π°“√∑’Ë®–¡“„™â„π°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿß ¿“«– ·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√∑’Ë®–∑”„Àâ‡æ‘Ë¡ ¡√√∂π–¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª·≈â« µ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂∑’ˉ¡à¡’°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ®–„™â„π°“√∑’Ë®–«—¥¢’¥§«“¡ “¡“√∂ ∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ®“°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ ∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ëπ„¥ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°µ—«∫àß ¡√√∂π– π—È𠇪ìπ°“√«—¥¢’¥§«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈„π ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·∫∫„¥Ê „π ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π ¥—ßπ—Èπ °“√∑’Ë¡’°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‰¡à«à“®–‡ªìπ‚¥¬‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ‚¥¬ ∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊ËπÊ π—Èπ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®– —߇°µ ‡ÀÁπº≈≈—æ∏剥₥¬µ√ß ªí®®—¬∑’ˇªìπ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬‡À≈◊ÕÀ√◊Õ Õÿª √√§π—Èπ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–∫àß∫Õ°∂÷߉¥â ‚¥¬°“√„™â∫—≠™’®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë¡‘‰¥â∫—ߧ—∫„Àℙ⠵—«°”Àπ¥§à“∑’Ë “¡·≈–∑’Ë ’Ë¡’‰«â„Àâ„π°“√„ à√À— ¢Õߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·≈–°“√„ à√À— ¢Õß ¡√√∂π–∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ

µ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ ¡√√∂π– (µ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ ∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß) µ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ »—°¬¿“æ (µ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ∑’Ë Õß) µ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ »—°¬¿“æ ‚¥¬¡’°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ (µ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ∑’Ë “¡) µ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ »—°¬¿“æ ‚¥¬‰¡à¡’°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ (µ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ∑’Ë ’Ë)

d4500. ______µ“√“ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈ „Àâ‡≈◊Õ° ¢à“« “√

230 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF

Additional qualifiers The fifth digit position is reserved for qualifiers that may be developed in the future, such as a qualifier for involvement or subjecttive satisfaction.

Performance qualifier (first qualifier)

Capacity qualifier without assistance (second qualifier)

Capacity qualifier with assistance (third qualifier)

Performance qualifier without assistance (fourth qualifier

Additional qualifier (fifth qualifier) d4500. ______Information Matrix Optional Additional (in development) (default)

Both capacity and performance qualifiers can further be used both with and without assistive devices or personal assistance, and in accordance with the following scale (where xxx stands for the second-level domain number):

xxx.0 NO difficulty xxx.1 MILD difficulty xxx.2 MODERATE difficulty xxx.3 SEVERE difficulty xxx.4 COMPLETE difficulty xxx.8 not specified xxx.9 not applicable

When to use the performance qualifier and the capacity qualifier Either qualifier may be used for each of the categories listed. But the information conveyed in each case is different. When both qualifiers are used, the result is an aggregation of two constructs, i.e.:

d4500. 2 _ d4500. 2 1 d4500._ 1

If only one qualifier is used, then the unused space should not be filled with .8 or .9, but left blank, since both of these are true assessment values and would imply that the qualifier is being used.

231 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ √À— ∑’ˇªìπ‡≈¢À≈—°∑’ËÀâ“π—Èπ ¡’‰«â‡æ◊ËÕµ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ∑’ËÕ“®®–æ—≤π“„Àâ„™â„πÕ𓧵 „π°“√∑’Ë®–π” ¡“«—¥§à“∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®

µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–¢Õß ¡√√∂¿“æ (µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß) µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–¢Õߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ (µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë Õß) µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–¢Õߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ ‚¥¬¡’§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ (µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë “¡) µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–¢Õߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ ‚¥¬‰¡à¡’§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ (µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë ’Ë) µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ (µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’ËÀâ“) d4500. ______µ“√“ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈ „Àâ‡≈◊Õ° ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ¢à“« “√ (°”≈—ßæ—≤π“Õ¬Ÿà) (°”Àπ¥§à“)

µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Èß ÕߢÕߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂·≈– ¡√√∂π– “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–„™â‚¥¬∑’Ë¡’ À√◊Õ‰¡à¡’Õÿª°√≥å ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬ À√◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ëπ™à«¬ ·≈–µ“¡·∫∫¢Õß¡“µ√“¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È (xxx À¡“¬∂÷ßµ—«‡≈¢¢Õß¡‘µ‘„π √–¥—∫∑’Ë Õß) : xxx.0 §«“¡¬“°≈”∫“° ‰¡à¡’ xxx.1 §«“¡¬“°≈”∫“° ‡≈°πÁ Õ¬â xxx.2 §«“¡¬“°≈”∫“° ª“π°≈“ß xxx.3 §«“¡¬“°≈”∫“° √ÿπ·√ß xxx.4 §«“¡¬“°≈”∫“° ∑ßÀ¡¥—È xxx.8 ‰¡√–∫à ÿ xxx.9 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß ‡¡◊ËÕ„¥®÷ß®–„™âµ—«∫àß ¡√√∂π–·≈–µ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–Õ“®®–„™â‰¥â°—∫√“¬°“√¢Õß ‘Ëßµà“ßÊ ·µà¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√∑’ˉ¥â„π·µà≈–°√≥’®–·µ°µà“ß °—π ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’°“√„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑—Èß Õß º≈≈—æ∏å∑’ˉ¥â®–‡ªìπ°“√π” °“√®—¥°≈ÿà¡∑—Èß Õß¡“√«¡°—π ¥—ßµ—«Õ¬à“ß

d4500. 2 _ d4500. 2 1 d4500._ 1

À“°¡’°“√„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‡æ’¬ßµ—«‡¥’¬« ™àÕß∑’ˇ«âπ«à“߉«â®–µâÕ߉¡à‡µ‘¡‡≈¢ .8 À√◊Õ .9 ≈߉ª ·µà„À⇫âπ«à“߉«â‡π◊ËÕß®“°‡≈¢¥—ß°≈à“« ‡ªìπº≈¢Õß°“√ª√–‡¡‘π§à“®√‘ß·≈–®–‡ªìπ°“√· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ«à“ µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‡À≈à“π—Èπ°”≈—ß∂Ÿ°„™â

231 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF

Examples of the application of the two qualifiers

d4500 Walking short distances

For the performance qualifier, this domain refers to getting around on foot, in the person's current environment, such as on different surfaces and conditions, with the use of a cane, walker, or other assistive technology, for distances less than 1 km. For example, the performance of a person who lost his leg in a work-related accident and since then has used a cane but faces moderate difficulties in walking around because the sidewalks in the neighbourhood are very steep and have a very slippery surface can be coded:

d4500.3 _ moderate restriction in performance of walking short distances

For the capacity qualifier, this domain refers to the an individual’s ability to walk around without assistance. In order to neutralize the varying impact of different environments, the ability may be assessed in a "standardized" environment. This standardized environment may be: (a) an actual environment commonly used for capacity assessment in test settings; or (b) in cases where this is not possible, an assumed environment which can be thought to have an uniform impact. For example, the true ability of the above-mentioned person to walk without a cane in a standardized environment (such as one with flat and non-slippery surfaces) will be very limited. Therefore the person’s capacity may be coded as follows:

d4500._ 3 severe capacity limitation in walking short distances

Users who wish to specify the current or standardized environment while using the performance or capacity qualifier should use the Environmental Factors classification (see coding convention 3 for Environmental Factors in section 3 above).

4.4 Coding environmental factors

Definitions Environmental Factors make up the physical, social and attitudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives.

Use of Environmental Factors Environmental Factors is a component of Part 2 (Contextual Factors) of the classification. Environmental factors must be considered for each component of functioning and coded according to one of the three conventions described in section 3 above.

Environmental factors are to be coded from the perspective of the person whose situation is being described. For example, kerb cuts without textured paving may be coded as a facilitator for a wheelchair user but as a barrier for a blind person.

The qualifier indicates the extent to which a factor is a facilitator or a barrier. There are several reasons why an environmental factor may be a facilitator or a

232 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF µ—«Õ¬à“ߢÕß°“√„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥– Õßµ—« d4500 °“√‡¥‘π„π√–¬– —ÈπÊ ”À√—∫µ—«∫àß ¡√√∂π– à«ππ’È®–À¡“¬∂÷ß °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉª‚¥¬°“√‡¥‘π „π ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—𠇙àπ ∫πº‘«∑“ß∑’˵à“ßÊ °—π „π‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑’˵à“ßÊ °—π ‚¥¬„™â‰¡â‡∑â“ ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬‡¥‘πÀ√◊Õ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’„π °“√™à«¬Õ◊ËπÊ „π√–¬–∑’ËπâÕ¬°«à“Àπ÷Ëß°‘‚≈‡¡µ√ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ∫ÿ§§≈ ∑’Ë Ÿ≠‡ ’¬¢“¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß„πÕÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√∑”ß“π ·≈–®“°π—Èπ¡“°ÁµâÕß„™â‰¡â‡∑â“ ·µà°ÁµâÕߪ√– ∫ªí≠À“„π°“√‡¥‘π „π≈–·«° ∫â“π∫â“߇≈Á°πâÕ¬ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°∫“∑«‘∂’≈◊Ëπ·≈–™—π„Àâ√À— ¥—ßπ’È d4500.3_ ¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥‡≈Á°πâÕ¬µàÕ ¡√√∂π–„π°“√‡¥‘π„π√–¬–„°≈âÊ ”À√—∫µ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ à«ππ’È®–À¡“¬∂ߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß∫÷ ÿ§§≈„π°“√‡¥‘π ‚¥¬‰¡àµâÕß¡’°“√ ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–≈∫≈â“ߺ≈°√–∑∫∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ ®“° ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡µà“ßÊ °—π °“√ª√–‡¡‘𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ ¥—ß°≈à“«π’È Õ“®®–°√–∑”„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ç¡“µ√∞“πé ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡¡“µ√∞“π¥—ß°≈à“« Õ“®®–‡ªìπ„π≈—°…≥– : (a) ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡®√‘ß„™â ”À√—∫°“√∑¥ Õ∫∑’Ë„™â°—πÕ¬Ÿà∑—Ë«‰ª„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈ §«“¡ “¡“√∂ : (b) °”Àπ¥ ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡·∫∫ ¡¡ÿµ‘ À√◊Õº≈°√–∑∫·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—π „π°√≥’∑’ˉ¡à “¡“√∂°√–∑”µ“¡·π«¢Õß·∫∫·√°‰¥â µ—«Õ¬à“߇™à𠧫“¡ “¡“√∂∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈ ¥—ß∑’ˉ¥â °≈à“«‰«â‡∫◊ÈÕßµâππ’È ‚¥¬‰¡à„™â‰¡â‡∑â“„π ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡·∫∫¡“µ√∞“π (æ◊Èπ∫“∑«‘∂’∑’ˇ√’¬∫·≈–‰¡à≈◊Ëπ) π—Èπ ®–°√–∑”‰¥âÕ¬à“ß®”°—¥¡“° ¥—ßπ—È𠧫“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈§ππ—Èπ ®–„™â√À— ¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È : d4500._3 ¡’¢âÕ®”°¥µ— àÕ§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√‡¥‘π„π√–¬– —ÈπÊ Õ¬à“ß√ÿπ·√ß ºŸâ„™â∑’˵âÕß°“√®–√–∫ÿ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’ˇªìπ¡“µ√∞“π„πªí®®ÿ∫—π „π¢≥–∑’Ë°”≈—ß„™âµ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß ¡√√∂π–·≈–»—°¬¿“槫√®–„™â°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ („À⥟¢âÕµ°≈ß°“√„Àâ √À— ¢âÕ∑’Ë 3 ¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„π à«π∑’Ë 3 ¢â“ßµâπ) 4.4 °“√„Àâ√À— ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ §”®”°—¥§«“¡ ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ °àÕ„À⇰‘¥ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß —ߧ¡ ∑—»π§µ‘·≈–°“¬¿“æ ´÷Ëß∫ÿ§§≈„™â‡ªìπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà Õ“»—¬·≈–¥”√ß™’«‘µ °“√„™âªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡‡ªìπÕߧåª√–°Õ∫„π à«π∑’Ë 2 (ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡) ¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑°“√„™â ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡π—Èπ „Àâæ‘®“√≥“„™â ”À√—∫Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π·µà≈–Õߧåª√–°Õ∫ ·≈– „Àâ√À— µ“¡¢âÕµ°≈ß„π°“√„Àâ√À— ∑’ˉ¥â√–∫ÿ‰«â „π à«π∑’Ë 3 ¢â“ßµâπ °“√„ à√À— ¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ®–µâÕß°√–∑”µ“¡¡ÿ¡¡ÕߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë°”≈—ß∂Ÿ°∫√√¬“¬ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ∫“∑«‘∂’∑’˵—¥‚¥¬‰¡à¡’§«“¡¢√ÿ¢√–∑’Ë¢Õ∫∑“ß ®–‡ªì𧫓¡ –¥«° ”À√—∫ºŸâ∑’Ë„™â ‡°â“Ւȇ¢Áπ ·µà®–‡ªìπÕÿª √√§µàÕ§πµ“∫Õ¥ µ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ®–‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß™’È∫Õ°¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õßªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ «à“‡ªìπ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπÀ√◊Õ‡ªìπ Õÿª √√§ ¡’‡Àµÿº≈µà“ßÊ °—π«à“ ∑”‰¡ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡Õ“®‡ªìπ‰¥â∑—Èß ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπÀ√◊ÕÕÿª √√§ ·≈– ‡ªìπ¡“°·§à‰Àπ ”À√—∫ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿππ—Èπ ºŸâ„Àâ√À— ®–µâÕߧ”π÷ß∂÷ß °“√‡¢â“∂÷ß∑√—欓°√·≈–°“√‡¢â“∂÷ß π—Èπ µâÕßÕ“»—¬°“√æ÷Ëß擧πÕ◊ËπÀ√◊Õ‰¡à ·≈–¡’§«“¡·ª√ª√«π·§à‰Àπ §ÿ≥¿“懪ìπÕ¬à“߉√ à«π„π °√≥’¢ÕßÕÿª √√§π—Èπ∑’Ë ”§—≠ §◊Õ ®–µâÕߥŸ«à“°“√‡ªìπÕÿª √√§π—Èπ∫àÕ¬§√—ÈßÀ√◊Õ‰¡à °“√‡ªìπÕÿª √√§

232 Coding guidelines for ICF ICF barrier, and to what extent. For facilitators, the coder should keep in mind issues such as the accessibility of a resource, and whether access is dependable or variable, of good or poor quality and so on. In the case of barriers, it might be relevant how often a factor hinders the person, whether the hindrance is great or small, or avoidable or not. It should also be kept in mind that an environmental factor can be a barrier either because of its presence (for example, negative attitudes towards people with disabilities) or its absence (for example, the unavailability of a needed service). The effects that environmental factors have on the lives of people with health conditions are varied and complex, and it is hoped that future research will lead to a better understanding of this interaction and, possibly, show the usefulness of a second qualifier for these factors.

In some instances, a diverse collection of environmental factors is summarized with a single term, such as poverty, development, rural or urban setting, or social capital. These summary terms are not themselves found in the classification. Rather, the coder should separate the constituent factors and code these. Once again, further research is required to determine whether there are clear and consistent sets of environmental factors that make up each of these summary terms.

First qualifier The following is the negative and positive scale that denotes the extent to which an environmental factor acts as a barrier or a facilitator. Using a point alone denotes a barrier, whereas using the + sign instead denotes a facilitator, as indicated below:

xxx.0 NO barrier xxx+0 NO facilitator xxx.1 MILD barrier xxx+1 MILD facilitator xxx.2 MODERATE barrier xxx+2 MODERATE facilitator xxx.3 SEVERE barrier xxx+3 SUBSTANTIAL facilitator xxx.4 COMPLETE barrier xxx+4 COMPLETE facilitator

xxx.8 barrier, not specified xxx+8 facilitator, not specified xxx.9 not applicable xxx.9 not applicable

233 ICF ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß ICF π—Èπ „À≠àÀ√◊Õ‡≈Á° ·≈– “¡“√∂À≈’°‡≈’ˬ߉¥âÀ√◊Õ‰¡à πÕ°®“°π’Ȭ—ß®–µâÕߧ”π÷ß∂÷ߥ⫬«à“ ªí®®—¬ ·«¥≈âÕ¡∫“ßÕ¬à“ß®–‡ªìπÕÿª √√§‡¡◊ËÕ¡’Õ¬Ÿà (‡™àπ ∑—»π§µ‘∑“ß —ߧ¡„π·ßà≈∫∑’Ë¡’µàÕºŸâæ‘°“√) À√◊Õ ®“°°“√∑’ˉ¡à¡’Õ¬Ÿà (‡™àπ °“√‰¡à¡’∫√‘°“√∫“ßÕ¬à“ß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ) ¢Õßªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡’µàÕ™’«‘µºŸâ§π ®–¡’ §«“¡´—∫´âÕπ ·≈–·µ°µà“ß°—π‰ª ‡ªìπ∑’ËÀ«—ß«à“°“√«‘®—¬„πÕ𓧵®–𔉪 Ÿà§«“¡‡¢â“„®„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å ·≈–À“°‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â ®–· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ߪ√–‚¬™πå¢Õßµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë ÕߢÕßªí®®—¬ ‡À≈à“π’ȥ⫬ „π∫“ߢ≥– ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡À≈“¬Ê ·∫∫ ¡—°®–∂Ÿ° √ÿª√«¡‰«â‡ªì𧔻—æ∑委‡¥’¬« ‡™à𠧫“¡¬“°®π °“√æ—≤π“ ∑’˵—Èß„π™π∫∑À√◊Õ„π‡¡◊ÕßÀ√◊Õ‡¡◊ÕßÀ≈«ß §” √ÿª‡À≈à“π’È ®–‰¡àæ∫‚¥¬µ√ß „π°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ºŸâ„Àâ√À— ®–µâÕß·¬°·¬–ªí®®—¬ ·≈–„Àâ√À— °—∫ªí®®—¬‡À≈à“π—Èπ ´÷Ëß®√‘ßÊ ·≈â« ®–µâÕß∑”°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬‡æ◊Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ‡æ◊ËÕÀ“™ÿ¥¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∑’Ë √â“߇ªì𧔻—æ∑å‡À≈à“π—Èπ µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß µàÕ‰ªπ’È®–‡ªìπ¡“µ√∑’Ë„™â„π°“√«—¥´÷Ëß¡’§à“„π‡™‘ß∫«°·≈–≈∫ ´÷Ëß®–∫—π∑÷°«à“ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡π—È𠇪ìπ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπÀ√◊Õ«à“‡ªìπÕÿª √√§ °“√∑’Ë¡’‡æ’¬ß·§à®ÿ¥π—Èπ · ¥ß∂÷ß°“√‡ªìπÕÿª √√§ ¢≥–∑’Ë ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ + ®–∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√‡ªìπ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ ¥—ß∑’Ë· ¥ß‰«â¢â“ß≈à“ßπ’È

xxx.0 ‰¡à‡ªìπ Õÿª √√§ xxx+0 ‰¡à‡ªπ ì ߇°‘Ë ÕÀπ◊È πÿ xxx.1 ‡ªìπÕÿª √√§ ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ xxx+1 ‡ªìπ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ xxx.2 ‡ªìπÕÿª √√§ ª“π°≈“ß xxx+2 ‡ªìπ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπª“π°≈“ß xxx.4 ‡ªìπÕÿª √√§ √ÿπ·√ß xxx+3 ‡ªìπ ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπÕ¬à“ß¡“° xxx.8 Õÿª √√§ ‰¡à‰¥â√–∫ÿ xxx+8 ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ‰¡‰¥à â√–∫ÿ xxx.9 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß xxx+9 ‰¡à‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß

233 Possible uses of the Activities and Participation list ICF Annex 3 Possible uses of the Activities and Participation list

The Activities and Participation component is a neutral list of domains indicating various actions and life areas. Each domain contains categories at different levels ordered from general to detailed (e.g. the domain of Chapter 4 Mobility, contains categories such as d450 Walking and under it the more specific item, d4500 Walking short distances.) The list of activity and participation domains covers the full range of functioning, which can be coded at both the individual and societal levels.

As indicated in the Introduction, this list can be used in different ways to indicate the specific notions of "Activities" and "Participation", which are defined in ICF as follows: In the context of health: Activity is the execution of a task or action by an individual. Participation is involvement in a life situation.

There are four alternative options for structuring the relationship between activities (a) and participation (p) in terms of the domain list:

(1) Distinct sets of ativities domains and participation domains (no overlap)

A certain set of categories is coded only as activities (i.e. tasks or actions that an individual does) and another set only as participation (i.e. involvement in life situations). The two sets, therefore, are mutually exclusive.

In this option, the sets of activity categories and participation categories is determined by the user. Each category is either an activity or a participation item, but not both. For example, the domains may be divided as follows:

a1 Learning and applying knowledge a2 General tasks and demands a3 Communication a4 Mobility

p5 Self-care p6 Domestic life p7 Interpersonal interactions p8 Major life areas p9 Community, social and civic life

234 ICF ‘Ëß∑’ËÕ“®®–π”¡“„™â‰¥â®“°√“¬°“√°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 3 ‘Ëß∑’ËÕ“®®–π”¡“„™â‰¥â®“°√“¬°“√°‘®°√√¡·≈– °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ Õߧåª√–°Õ∫°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ‡ªìπ√“¬°“√‡ªìπ°≈“ߢÕß¡‘µ‘∑’Ë∫àß∫Õ° ∂÷ß°“√°√–∑” ·≈–¥â“πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß™’«‘µ „π·µà¡‘µ‘ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬À¡«¥À¡Ÿà ≥ √–¥—∫∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π ®–¡’°“√·¬° ®”æ«°µà“ßÊ ‰≈à‡√’¬ß®“°√–¥—∫∑—Ë«Ê ‰ª≈߉ª®π∂÷ß√–¥—∫∑’Ë≈–‡Õ’¬¥ (‡™àπ ¡‘µ‘¢Õß∫∑∑’Ë 4 °“√ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’˪√–°Õ∫¥â«¬À¡«¥À¡Ÿà ‡™àπ d450 °“√‡¥‘π ‚¥¬„π√–¥—∫µË”≈߉ª®–¡’§«“¡®”‡æ“–¡“°¢÷Èπ °≈à“«§◊Õ d4500 °“√‡¥‘π„π√–¬– —Èπ) √“¬°“√¢Õß°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ®–§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∂÷ß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ „π·π«°«â“ß ´÷Ëß “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–„Àâ√À— ‰¥â ∑—Èß„π√–¥—∫ à«π∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ√–¥—∫ —ߧ¡ ¥—ß∑’ˉ¥â°≈à“«‰«â„π∫∑π” √“¬°“√π’È “¡“√∂®–π”¡“„™â‰¥â «‘∏’°“√„π°“√™’È„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ß≈—°…≥–‡©æ“– ¢Õß ç°‘®°√√¡é ·≈– ç°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡é ‚¥¬‰¥â„À⧔®”°—¥§«“¡„π ICF ‰«â¥—ßπ’È : „π∫√‘∫∑¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ °‘®°√√¡ À¡“¬∂÷ß °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πÀ√◊Õ°√–∑” ‚¥¬∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷ËßÊ °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ §◊Õ °“√‡¢â“‰ª‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ

¡’ ’Ë∑“߇≈◊Õ°„π°“√∑’Ë®–®—¥‚§√ß √â“ߧ«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°‘®°√√¡ (a) ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ (p) „π·ßà¢Õß√“¬°“√¡‘µ‘∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬µà“ß°—π (1) ®”π«π™ÿ¥¢Õß¡‘µ‘°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–¡‘µ‘°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—πÕ¬à“߇¥àπ™—¥(‰¡à§“∫ ‡°¬«°’Ë π)— ™ÿ¥¢ÕßÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà∫“ß™ÿ¥ ∂Ÿ°„Àâ√À— „À⇪ìπ°‘®°√√¡‡æ’¬ßÕ¬à“߇¥’¬« (°≈à“«§◊Õ ß“πÀ√◊Õ°“√°√–∑” ‚¥¬∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷ËßÊ) ·≈–Õ’°™ÿ¥Àπ÷Ëß ∂Ÿ°®—¥‰«â„À⇪ìπ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡‡æ’¬ßÕ¬à“߇¥’¬« (°≈à“«§◊Õ°“√ ‡¢â“‰ª‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ) ¥—ßπ—Èπ ∑—Èß Õß™ÿ¥¥—ß°≈à“«®÷ß¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ‡Õ°‡∑» ”À√—∫∑“߇≈◊Õ°π’È ºŸâ„™â®–‡ªìπºŸâ°”Àπ¥™ÿ¥¢ÕßÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–À¡«¥À¡Ÿà°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ‚¥¬„π·µà≈–À¡«¥À¡Ÿà Õ“®‡ªìπ‰¥â∑—Èß °‘®°√√¡À√◊Õ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ·µà‰¡à„™à∑—Èß Õߪ√–‡¿∑„π‡«≈“ ‡¥’¬«°—π µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ¡‘µ‘µà“ßÊ Õ“®·∫àß·¬°ÕÕ°¡“‰¥â ¥—ßπ’È : a1 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ·≈– °“√𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â a2 ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª ·≈– §«“¡µâÕß°“√µà“ßÊ a3 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ a4 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë p5 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß p6 ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ p7 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√à«¡√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ p8 “√– ”§—≠„π™’«‘µ p9 ™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π „π —ߧ¡ ·≈–„π∞“π– ª√–™“™π

234 Possible uses of the Activities and Participation list ICF

Coding for this structure

a category code. qp qc (a category deemed an activities item)

p category code. qp qc (a category deemed a participation item)

Where qp = the performance qualifier and qc = the capacity qualifier. If the performance qualifier is used, the category, whether denoted as an activities or a participation item, is interpreted in terms of the performance construct; if the capacity qualifier is used, a capacity construct is used to interpret the category, again whether denoted as an activities or a participation item.

In this way option (1) provides the full information matrix without any redundancy or overlap.

(2) Partial overlap between sets of activities and participation domains

In this alternative, a set of categories may be interpreted as both activities and participation items; that is, the same category is thought to be open to an individual (i.e. as a task or action that an individual does) and a societal (i.e. involvement in a life situation) interpretation.

For example:

a1 Learning and applying knowledge a2 General tasks and demands a3 Communication p3 Communication a4 Mobility p4 Mobility a5 Self-care p5 Self-care a6 Domestic life p6 Domestic life p7 Interpersonal interactions p8 Major life areas p9 Community, social and civic life

Coding for this structure There is a restriction on how categories can be coded for this structure. It cannot be possible for a category within the “overlap” to have different values for the same qualifier (either the first qualifier for performance or the second qualifier for capacity), e.g.:

a category. 1 _ or a category. _ 1 p category. 2 p category. _ 2

A user who chooses this option believes that codes in the overlapping categories may mean different things when they are coded in activities and not in participation, and vice versa. However, one single code has to be entered into the information matrix for the specified qualifier column.

235 ICF ‘Ëß∑’ËÕ“®®–π”¡“„™â‰¥â®“°√“¬°“√°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡

°“√„Àâ√À— ”À√—∫‚§√ß √â“ßπ’È

√À— À¡«¥ a qp qc (a À¡“¬∂÷ß À¡«¥À¡Ÿà∑’Ë¡’√“¬°“√¬àÕ¬¢Õß°‘®°√√¡) √À— À¡«¥ p qp qc (p À¡“¬∂÷ß À¡«¥À¡Ÿà∑’Ë¡’√“¬°“√¬àÕ¬¢Õß°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡)

‚¥¬∑’Ë qp = µ—«∫àß ¡√√∂π– ·≈– qc = µ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ À“°¡’°“√„™âµ—«∫àß ¡√√∂π– ‰¡à«à“ ®–‡ªìπ„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß °‘®°√√¡ À√◊Õ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ À¡«¥À¡Ÿà®–µâÕß∂Ÿ°®”°—¥§«“¡„ÀâÕ¬Ÿà„π·ßà¢ÕßÕß§å ª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬¢Õß ¡√√∂π– „π∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—πÀ“°„™âµ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬¢Õß §«“¡ “¡“√∂ ®–∂Ÿ°„™â‡æ◊ËÕµ’§«“¡«à“‡ªìπÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà °Á®–µâÕß¡“„™â„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ ‰¡à«à“ ®–„À⧫“¡À¡“¬«à“ ‡ªìπ√“¬°“√¬àÕ¬¢Õß°‘®°√√¡ À√◊Õ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡Õ’°°’˧√—Èß°Áµ“¡ ¥—ßπ—Èπ „π∑“߇≈◊Õ°∑’Ë (1) π’È ®– “¡“√∂∑”µ“√“ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈‰¥â ‚¥¬∑’ˉ¡à¡’§«“¡´È”´âÕπÀ√◊Õ§“∫‡°’ˬ«°—π (2) °“√∑’Ë¡’‡ªìπ∫“ß à«π§“∫‡°’ˬ«°—π√–À«à“ß™ÿ¥°‘®°√√¡·≈– ™ÿ¥°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ”À√—∫∑“߇≈◊Õ°π’È ™ÿ¥À¡«¥À¡ŸàÕ“®∂Ÿ°µ’§«“¡„À⇪ìπ‰¥â∑—Èß√“¬°“√¬àÕ¬¢Õß°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π √à«¡ °≈à“«§◊Õ À¡«¥À¡Ÿà‡¥’¬«°—π∂Ÿ°§‘¥«à“ ‡ªî¥‰«â„À⇪ìπ°“√µ’§«“¡¢Õß à«π∫ÿ§§≈ (°≈à“«§◊Õß“π À√◊Õ °√–∑”‚¥¬∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷ËßÊ) ·≈–¢Õß —ߧ¡ (°≈à“«§◊Õ°“√‡¢â“‰ª‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ) µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ a1 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ·≈– °“√𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â a2 ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª ·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√µà“ßÊ a3 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ p3 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ a4 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë p4 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë a5 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß p5 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß a6 ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ p6 ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ p7 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√à«¡√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ p8 “√– ”§—≠„π™’«‘µ p9 ™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π „π —ߧ¡ ·≈–„π∞“π– ª√–™“™π °“√„Àâ√À— ”À√—∫‚§√ß √â“ßπ’È ¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√„Àâ√À— ¢ÕßÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà„π‚§√ß √â“ßπ’È ´÷Ë߇ªìπ‰ª‰¡à‰¥â∑’ËÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà ∑’˧“∫‡°’ˬ«°—π®–¡’ §à“∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π À“°«à“„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‡¥’¬«°—π(‰¡à«à“®–‡ªìπµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß ”À√—∫ ¡√√∂π–À√◊Õµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–µ—«∑’Ë ÕߢÕߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ : a category . 1 _ À√◊Õa category . _ 1 p Icategory .2 p category . _ 2 ºŸâ„™â∑’ˇ≈◊Õ°«‘∏’°“√π’ȇ™◊ËÕ«à“ √À— ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà∑’˧“∫‡°’ˬ«°—π Õ“®À¡“¬∂÷ß ‘Ëß∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π ‡¡◊ËÕ„Àâ √À— „ÀâÕ¬Ÿà„π°‘®°√√¡ ·µà‰¡à‰¥âÕ¬Ÿà„π°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡À√◊Õ„π∑“ß°≈—∫°—π Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ „πµ“√“ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈ ®–µâÕß„Àâ√À— ‰¥â‡æ’¬ßµ—«‡¥’¬« ”À√—∫§Õ≈—¡¿åµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‡©æ“–

235 Possible uses of the Activities and Participation list ICF

(3) Detailed categories as activities and broad categories as participation, with or without overlap

Another approach to applying activities and participation definitions to the domains restricts participation to the more general or broader categories within a domain (e.g. first-level categories such as chapter headings) and deems the more detailed categories to be activities (e.g. third- or fourth-level categories). This approach separates categories within some or all domains in terms of the broad versus detailed distinction. The user may deem some domains to be entirely (i.e. at all levels of detail) activities or entirely participation.

For example, d4550 Crawling may be construed as an activity while d455 Moving around may be construed as participation.

There are two possible ways of handling this approach: (a) there is no “overlap”, i.e. if an item is an activity it is not participation; or (b) there may be an overlap, since some users may use the whole list for activities and only broad titles for participation.

Coding for this structure

Similar to option (1) or option (2).

(4) Use of the same domains for both activities and participation with total overlap of domains

In this option, all domains in the Activities and Participation list can be viewed as both activities and participation. Every category can be interpreted as individual functioning (activity) as well as societal functioning (participation).

For example, d330 Speaking can be seen both as an activity and as participation. A person with missing vocal cords can speak with the use of an assistive device. According to the assessments using capacity and performance qualifiers, this person has:

First qualifier Moderate difficulty in performance (perhaps because of contextual factors such as personal stress or other peoples’, attitudes) 2

Second qualifier Severe difficulty in capacity without assistive device 3

Third qualifier Mild difficulty in capacity with assistive device 1

According to the ICF information matrix this person's situation should be coded as:

d330.231

236 ICF ‘Ëß∑’ËÕ“®®–π”¡“„™â‰¥â®“°√“¬°“√°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ (3) À¡«¥À¡Ÿà∑’Ë·®ß√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢Õß°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–À¡«¥À¡Ÿà°«â“ߢÕß°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ∑’Ë¡’À√◊Õ ‰¡à¡’°“√§“∫‡°’ˬ«°—π ¡’Õ’°«‘∏’°“√Àπ÷Ëß∑’Ë„™â„π°“√𔧔®”°—¥§«“¡¢Õß∑—Èß°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡‰ªª√–¬ÿ°µå„™â°—∫¡‘µ‘ ‚¥¬°“√®”°—¥°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡„ÀâÕ¬Ÿà„πÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà∑’Ë°«â“ߢ÷Èπ ¿“¬„π¡‘µ‘π—ÈπÊ ‡ªìπÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë Àπ÷Ëß „À⇪ìπÀ—«√◊ËÕߢÕß∫∑ ·≈–„Àâ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥∑’Ë¡“°¢÷Èπ„πÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà¢Õß°‘®°√√¡ (‡™àπ À¡«¥À¡Ÿà „π√–¥—∫∑’Ë “¡ À√◊Õ∑’Ë ’Ë) «‘∏’°“√π’È ®–·¬°À¡«¥À¡Ÿà¿“¬„π¡‘µ‘∫“ß¡‘µ‘ À√◊Õ∑ÿ°¡‘µ‘„π·ßà¢Õߧ«“¡·µ° µà“ß°—πÕ¬à“ßÀ¬“∫À√◊ÕÕ¬à“ß≈–‡Õ’¬¥ (°≈à“«§◊Õ ≥ ∑ÿ°√–¥—∫¢Õß√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥) ºŸâ„™âÕ“®®–„Àâ∫“ß¡‘µ‘ ‡ªìπ°‘®°√√¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ À√◊Õ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥°Á‰¥â µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ d4550 °“√§≈“π Õ“®®–∂Ÿ°‡¢â“„®‰¥â«à“‡ªìπ¢Õß°‘®°√√¡ „π¢≥–∑’Ë d455 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕ𠉪√Õ∫Ê Õ“®®–∂Ÿ°‡¢â“„®‰¥â«à“‡ªìπ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ¡’ Õß«‘∏’°“√∑’ˇªìπ‰ª‰¥â „π°“√∑’Ë®–®—¥°“√°—∫À≈—°°“√π’È : (°) ‰¡à¡’°“√ 秓∫‡°’ˬ«°—πé °≈à“«§◊Õ À“°√“¬°“√¬àÕ¬Àπ÷Ëß ∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπ°‘®°√√¡·≈â«°Á®–‰¡à∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ : À√◊Õ : (¢) Õ“®®–¡’ °“√§“∫‡°’ˬ«°—π ‡π◊ËÕß®“°ºŸâ„™â Õ“®®–„™â√“¬°“√∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¡“‡ªìπ°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–„™â‡æ’¬ß∫“ß à«π ¡“ ‡ªìπ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ °“√„Àâ√À— ¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ß ‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π°—∫∑“߇≈◊Õ°∑’Ë (1) À√◊Õ∑“߇≈◊Õ°∑’Ë (2) (4) °“√„™â¡‘µ‘‡¥’¬«°—π ”À√—∫∑—Èß°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ∑’Ë¡’°“√§“∫‡°’ˬ«°—π¢Õß¡‘µ‘ ∑ßÀ¡¥—È ”À√—∫∑“߇≈◊Õ°∑ÿ°Ê ¡‘µ‘ „π√“¬°“√°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡∑’Ë “¡“√∂ ∂Ÿ°¡Õ߉¥â«à“ ‡ªìπ‰¥â∑—Èß °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡∑ÿ°Ê À¡«¥À¡Ÿà “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–∂Ÿ°µ’§«“¡«à“‡ªì𠉥â∑—Èß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß √à“ß°“¬·µà≈–∫ÿ§§≈ ‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬„π —ߧ¡ (°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡) µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ d330 °“√查 Õ“®®–‡ªìπ‰¥â∑—Èß°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉ¡à¡’°≈àÕ߇ ’¬ß “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–查‰¥â ‚¥¬„™âÕÿª°√≥凧√◊ËÕߙ૬„π°“√查 À“°®–∑”°“√ª√–‡¡‘π‚¥¬„™â µ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂·≈– ¡√√∂π–·≈â«∫ÿ§§≈ (§ππ’È) ®–¡’ : µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß ¡’§«“¡¬“°≈”∫“°ª“π°≈“ߢÕß ¡√√∂¿“æ (Õ“®‡π◊ËÕß¡“®“°ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‡™à𠧫“¡‡§√’¬¥ à«πµ—« À√◊Õ∑—»π§µ‘¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ) 2 µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë Õß ¡’§«“¡¬“°≈”∫“°Õ¬à“ß√ÿπ·√ߢÕß»—°¬¿“æÀ“° ª√“»®“°Õÿª°√≥凧√◊ËÕߙ૬ 3 µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë “¡ ¡’§«“¡¬“°≈”∫“° ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬¢Õß»—°¬¿“æ À“°¡’Õÿª°√≥凧√◊ËÕߙ૬ 1 µ“¡µ“√“ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈ ICF °“√„Àâ√À— °—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈π’È ®–‡ªìπ¥—ßπ’È d330.231

236 Possible uses of the Activities and Participation list ICF

According to option (4) this can also be coded as:

a330.231 p330.2

In option (4), when both performance and capacity qualifiers are used, there are two values for the same cell in the ICF information matrix: one for activities and one for participation. If these values are the same, then there is no conflict, only redundancy. However, in the case of differing values, users must develop a decision rule to code for the information matrix, since the official WHO coding style is this:

d category qp qc

One possible way to overcome this redundancy may be to consider the capacity qualifier as activity and the performance qualifier as participation.

Another possibility is to develop additional qualifiers for participation that capture “involvement in life situations”.

It is expected that with the continued use of ICF and the generation of empirical data, evidence will become available as to which of the above options are preferred by different users of the classification. Empirical research will also lead to a clearer operationalization of the notions of activities and participation. Data on how these notions are used in different settings, in different countries and for different purposes can be generated and will then inform further revisions to the scheme.

237 ICF ‘Ëß∑’ËÕ“®®–π”¡“„™â‰¥â®“°√“¬°“√°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ”À√—∫∑“߇≈◊Õ° (4) “¡“√∂®–„Àâ√À— ‰¥â¥—ßπ’È a330.231 p330.2 „π∑“߇≈◊Õ°∑’Ë (4) °√≥’∑’Ë¡’°“√„™âµ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥– ∑—ÈߢÕß ¡√√∂π– ·≈–§«“¡ “¡“√∂π—Èπ „π™àÕß ‡¥’¬«°—π¢Õßµ“√“ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈ ICF π—Èπ Õ“®®–¡’§à“ Õ¬Ÿà Õß§à“ ´÷Ëßµ—«Àπ÷Ëß®–‡ªìπ§à“¢Õß°‘®°√√¡ ·≈– Õ’°µ—«Àπ÷Ë߇ªìπ§à“¢Õß°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ À“°§à“¥—ß°≈à“«π’ȇÀ¡◊Õπ°—π·≈â« ®–‰¡à‡°‘¥§«“¡¢—¥·¬âß°—π À√◊Õ®–¡’·µà‡æ’¬ß§«“¡´È”´âÕπ°—π Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ „π°√≥’¢Õߧà“∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π ºŸâ„™â®–µâÕßæ—≤π“°Æ ¢Õß°“√µ—¥ ‘π‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ√À— ·°àµ“√“ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈ ∑’˺à“π¡“·∫∫°“√„Àâ√À— Õ¬à“߇ªìπ∑“ß°“√¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ Õπ“¡¬‚≈°—

d category qp qc ∑“ß·°â§«“¡´È”´âÕππ’È §◊Õ æ‘®“√≥“µ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂«à“‡ªìπ°‘®°√√¡·≈–„Àâµ—«∫àß ¡√√∂¿“æ„Àâ ‡ªìπ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ‘Ëß∑’Ë∑”‰¥âÕ’°Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß §◊Õ °“√æ—≤π“µ—«∫àß ¡√√∂¿“æ °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢÷Èπ¡“Õ’° ‚¥¬„Àâ∫àß ∫Õ° ç°“√‡¢â“‰ª‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µé ‡ªìπ∑’˧“¥À«—߉«â«à“¥â«¬°“√„™â ICF Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß·≈–°“√ √â“ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈‡™‘ߪ√–®—°…åπ—Èπ ®–∑”„Àâ°≈“¬ ‡ªìπÀ≈—°∞“π´÷Ëß„™â‡ªìπ∑“߇≈◊Õ°„À⺟ℙâµà“ßÊ ¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ “¡“√∂‡≈◊Õ°„™â‰¥â πÕ°®“°π’È °“√«‘®—¬‡™‘ߪ√–®—°…å®–π”‰ª Ÿà°“√𔉪„™â„π‡™‘ßªØ‘∫—µ‘∑’Ë¡’§«“¡™—¥‡®π¡“°¢÷Èπ „π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°‘®°√√¡ ·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√ —߇°µ ®“°°“√„™â ICF „π∫√‘∫∑µà“ßÊ „πª√–‡∑»µà“ßÊ ·≈– „𧫓¡¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬µà“ßÊ Õ—π®–°àÕ„À⇰‘¥ª√–‚¬™πå ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿߧ√—ÈßµàÕ‰ª

237 Case examples ICF Annex 4 Case examples

The examples below describe applications of ICF concepts to various cases. It is hoped that they will assist users to understand the intent and application of the basic classification concepts and constructs. For further details, please refer to WHO training manuals and courses.

Impairment leading to no limitation in capacity and no problem in performance

A child is born with a fingernail missing. This malformation is an impairment of structure, but does not interfere with the function of the child's hand or what the child can do with that hand, so there is no limitation in the child’s capacity. Similarly, there may be no performance problem – such as playing with other children without being teased or excluded from play –because of this malformation. The child, therefore, has no capacity limitations or problems in performance.

Impairment leading to no limitation in capacity but to problems in performance

A diabetic child has an impairment of function: the pancreas does not function adequately to produce insulin. Diabetes can be controlled by medication, namely insulin. When the body functions (insulin levels) are under control, there are no limitations in capacity associated with the impairment. However, the child with diabetes is likely to experience a performance problem in socializing with friends or peers when eating is involved, since the child is required to restrict sugar intake. The lack of appropriate food would create a barrier. Therefore, the child would have a lack of involvement in socialisation in the current environment unless steps were taken to ensure that appropriate food was provided, in spite of no limitations in capacity.

Another example is that of an individual with vitiligo on the face but no other physical complaints. This cosmetic problem produces no limitations in capacity. However, the individual may live in a setting where vitiligo is mistaken for leprosy and so considered contagious. In the person’s current environment, therefore, this negative attitude is an environmental barrier that leads to significant performance problems in interpersonal interactions.

238 ICF °√≥’µ—«Õ¬à“ß ¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 4 °√≥’µ—«Õ¬à“ß µ—«Õ¬à“ߥ—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ®–· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ß°“√π”·π«§‘¥¢Õß ICF „π°√≥’µà“ßÊ ‚¥¬À«—߉«â«à“®– ‡ªìπ°“√™à«¬„À⺟ℙ⠉¥â‡¢â“„®∂÷ß®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å ·≈–·π«§‘¥¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π¢Õß°“√®—¥°≈ÿà¡ ·≈–°“√∑”∫—≠™’ ·¬°ª√–‡¿∑ À“°µâÕß°“√√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ „À⥟‰¥â®“°§Ÿà¡◊Õ°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡À√◊Õ¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° À√◊Õ‡¢â“Ωñ°Õ∫√¡„πÀ≈—° Ÿµ√¢ÕßÕߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬∑’ˉ¡à∑”„À⇰‘¥¢âÕ®”°—¥‡√◊ËÕß»—°¬¿“æ·≈–‰¡à‡°‘¥ ªí≠À“ ¥“π ¡√√∂π–â ‡¥Á°∑’ˇ°‘¥¡“‚¥¬‰¡à¡’‡≈Á∫¡◊Õ 1 ‡≈Á∫‡ªì𧫓¡∫°æ√àÕߥâ“π‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ·µà‰¡à‡ªìπ Õÿª √√§„π°“√„™â¡◊Õ¢Õ߇¥Á°ºŸâπ—Èπ ®÷߉¡à°àÕ„À⇰‘¥¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π»—°¬¿“æ„π∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—π Õ“®®–‰¡à¡’ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π– ‡™àπ ‡≈àπ°—∫‡¥Á°§πÕ◊Ëπ‰¥â ‚¥¬‰¡à∂Ÿ°≈âÕ‡≈’¬π ‡π◊ËÕß®“° §«“¡º‘¥√Ÿª¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ®÷ß∂◊Õ‰¥â«à“‡¥Á°§ππ’ȉ¡à‡°‘¥¢âÕ®”°—¥ ‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂·≈–‰¡à‡°‘¥ ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π– §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∑’ˉ¡à∑”„À⇰‘¥¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ ·µà∑”„À⇰‘¥ ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂¿“æ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ‡¥Á°∑’ˇªìπ‚√§‡∫“À«“π¡’°“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ : ¡â“¡‰¡à “¡“√∂∑’Ë®– ∑”ß“π‰¥âÕ¬à“ßæՇ撬ß∑’Ë®–º≈‘µÕ‘π´Ÿ≈‘π ‚√§‡∫“À«“ππ—Èπ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–§«∫§ÿ¡‰¥â‚¥¬°“√„™â ¬“ §◊Õ °“√„™âÕ‘π´Ÿ≈‘π ‡¡◊ËÕ “¡“√∂§«∫§ÿ¡°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ Õ¬à“߉√°Á¥’ ‡¥Á°ºŸâπ’ÈÕ“® ®–ª√– ∫ªí≠À“„π°“√‡¢â“ —ߧ¡°—∫‡¥Á°Õ◊Ëπ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–„π‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√√—∫ª√–∑“π Õ“À“√√à«¡°—π ‡π◊ËÕß®“°‰¡à “¡“√∂∫√‘‚¿§πÈ”µ“≈‰¥â °“√¢“¥Õ“À“√∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ ®–°≈“¬ ‡ªìπÕÿª √√§ ¥—ßπ—È𠇥Á°°Á®–¢“¥°“√¡’ à«π‡°’ˬ«æ—π„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√‡¢â“ —ߧ¡ ·¡â«à“®–‰¡à¡’ ¢âÕ®”°—¥∑“ߥâ“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ Õ¬à“߉√°Á¥’ ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π– Õ“®®–·°â‰¢‰¥â À“°«à“¡’ °“√‡µ√’¬¡Õ“À“√∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡‰«â„Àâ Õ’°µ—«Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß §◊Õ ºŸâ∑’Ë¡’ªí≠À“‡√◊ËÕߥà“ߢ“« (vitiligo) ∫π„∫Àπâ“·µà‰¡à¡’ªí≠À“∑“ß√à“ß °“¬Õ◊ËπÊ ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª·≈â« vitiligo π—Èπ “¡“√∂ „™â‡§√◊ËÕß ”Փߧåµ∫·µàߪî¥∫—߉¥â ‚¥¬‰¡à ∑”„À⇰‘¥ªí≠À“¥â“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ À“°∫ÿ§§≈§ππ—Èπ Õ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’˺Ÿâ§π ‡¢â“„®º‘¥§‘¥«à“ vitiligo §◊ÕÕ“°“√¢Õß‚√§‡√◊ÈÕπ∑’ˇªìπ‚√§µ‘¥µàÕ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ∑—»π§µ‘∑“ß —ߧ¡ „π·ßà≈∫π’È®–°≈“¬‡ªìπÕÿª √√§¥â“π ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π–Õ¬à“ß ¡“°„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕߪؑ°‘√‘¬“√à«¡√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈

238 Case examples ICF

Impairment leading to limitations in capacity and – depending on circumstance – to problems or no problems in performance

A significant variation in intellectual development is a mental impairment. This may lead to some limitation in a variety of the person’s capacities. Environmental factors, however, may affect the extent of the individual's performance in different life domains. For example, a child with this mental impairment might experience little disadvantage in an environment where expectations are not high for the general population and where the child is given an array of simple, repetitive but necessary tasks to accomplish. In this environment the child will perform well in different life situations.

A similar child growing up in an environment of competition and high scholastic expectation might experience more problems in performance in various life situations compared to the first child.

This case example highlights two issues. The first is that the population norm or standard against which an individual's functioning is compared must be appropriate to the actual current environment. The second is that the presence or absence of environmental factors may have either a facilitating or a hindering impact on that functioning.

Former impairment leading to no limitations in capacity but still causing problems in performance

An individual who has recovered from an acute psychotic episode, but who bears the stigma of having been a "mental patient", may experience problems in performance in the domain of employment or interpersonal interactions, because of negative attitudes of people in his or her environment. The person’s involvement in employment and social life is, therefore, restricted.

Different impairments and limitations in capacity leading to similar problems in performance

An individual may not be hired for a job because the extent of his or her impairment (quadriplegia) is seen to preclude performing some job requirements (e.g. using a computer with a manual keyboard). The workplace does not have the necessary adaptations to facilitate the person's performance of these job requirements (e.g. voice recognition software that replaces the manual keyboard).

Another individual with less severe quadriplegia may have the capacity to do the necessary job tasks, but may not be hired because the quota for hiring people with disabilities has been filled.

239 ICF °√≥’µ—«Õ¬à“ß §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë𔉪 Ÿà°“√‡°‘¥¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π»—°¬¿“æ à«π®–‡°‘¥ªí≠À“ ¥â“π ¡√√∂π–À√◊Õ‰¡àπ—Èπ ¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßÕ¬à“ß¡“°¢Õßæ—≤π“°“√∑“ß µ‘ªí≠≠“ ∂◊Õ‡ªì𧫓¡∫°æ√àÕß∑“ß®‘µ ´÷Ëß Õ“®π”‰ª Ÿà°“√‡°‘¥¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π»—°¬¿“æ°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬ Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡°ÁÕ“®¡’º≈µàÕ ¡√√∂π–¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈π’È„π¡‘µ‘µà“ßÊ ¢Õß™’«‘µ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™à𠇥Á°∑’Ë¡’§«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘∑“ß®‘µÕ“®®–ª√– ∫ªí≠À“¥â“𧫓¡‡ ’¬‡ª√’¬∫‡æ’¬ß‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ À“°‰¥â Õ¬Ÿà„π —ߧ¡∑’˪√–™“°√¡’§«“¡§“¥À«—ß„πµ—«∫ÿ§§≈‰¡à Ÿß¡“°π—° ·≈–ß“πµà“ßÊ ∑’ˇ¥Á°‰¥â√—∫ °Á‡ªìπß“π∑’Ëßà“¬∑”´È”Ê ‰¥â ·≈–‡¥Á°§ππ’È “¡“√∂∑”ß“π‰¥â„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡·∫∫π’È ‡¥Á°®– · ¥ßÕÕ°‰¥â¥’„π ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ ·µà∂Ⓡ¥Á°§π‡¥’¬«°—ππ’È ‡µ‘∫‚µ„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë¡’°“√·¢àߢ—π ·≈–¡’§«“¡§“¥À«—ߥâ“π°“√ ‡√’¬π Ÿß ‡¥Á°§ππ’È®–ª√– ∫ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π–¢Õß√à“ß°“¬„π ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ßÊ ¢Õß™’«‘µ ¡“°°«à“‡¥Á°§π·√° °√≥’µ—«Õ¬à“ß®–· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπªí≠À“ 2 √Ÿª·∫∫·∫∫∑’Ë 1 §◊Õ ∫√√∑—¥∞“π¥â“πª√–™“°√À√◊Õ ¡“µ√∞“𧫓¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ®–µâÕß¡’§«“¡‡À¡“– ¡°—∫ ¿“æ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π ·∫∫∑’Ë 2 §◊Õ °“√¡’À√◊Õ‰¡à¡’ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“®‡ªìπ‰¥â∑—Èß ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ À√◊Õ‡ªìπÕÿª √√§ ¥â“π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬°Á‰¥â §«“¡∫°æ√àÕ߇¥‘¡¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑’ˉ¡à∑”„Àâ¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂ ·µà∑”„À⇰‘¥ ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂¿“æ ∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˇæ‘Ëß¡’Õ“°“√¥’¢÷Èπ®“°°“√√—°…“‚√§®‘µ ·µà¬—߉¥â√—∫°“√µ√“Àπâ“«à“‡ªìπºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§®‘µ Õ“®®–ª√– ∫ªí≠À“¥â“π°“√¡’ß“π∑” À√◊Õ ªí≠À“¥â“𧫓¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ëπ Õ—π ‡π◊ËÕß¡“®“°∑—»π§µ‘∑“ß≈∫¢Õߧπ∑—Ë«‰ª ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ ¥—ßπ—Èπ∫ÿ§§≈ π’È®÷ß¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π°“√¡’ß“π∑”·≈–°“√„™â™’«‘µ„π —ߧ¡ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–°“√¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π ·µà 𔉪 Ÿàªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂¿“æ·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—π ∫ÿ§§≈Õ“®®–‰¡à¡’ß“π∑” ‡π◊ËÕß®“°§«“¡√ÿπ·√ߢÕß°“√∫°æ√àÕß∑“ß√à“ß°“¬ (Õ—¡æ“µ∑—Èß µ—«-quadriplegia) ∑’Ë¡“°®π∑”„Àâ‰¡à “¡“√∂ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π‰¥âµ“¡§«“¡µâÕß°“√¢Õßß“π (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√„™â§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å∑’Ë¡’·ªÑπæ‘¡æå·∫∫∑’˵âÕß„™â¡◊Õ°¥) ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π‰¡à‰¥â√—∫ °“√¥—¥·ª≈ß ∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ ”À√—∫‡æ‘Ë¡ ¡√√∂π–„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß ∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ §Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å∑’Ë —Ëßß“πæ‘¡æå‚¥¬°“√„™â‡ ’¬ß‰¡àµâÕß„™â·ªÑπæ‘¡æå∑’˵âÕß„™â¡◊Õ°¥) Õ’°∫ÿ§§≈ Àπ÷Ëß∑’ˇªìπºŸâæ‘°“√Õ—¡æ“µ∑—Èßµ—« (quadriplegia) ·µà√ÿπ·√ßπâÕ¬°«à“·≈–¡’»—°¬¿“æ∑’Ë®– ∑”ß“π‰¥â‡∑à“∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ·µàÕ“®‰¡à¡’ß“π∑”·¡â«à“ ®–¡’§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√æ‘¡æå¡“°°«à“ ‡π◊ËÕß®“° ‚§«µâ“°“√®â“ßß“π§πæ‘°“√¢Õß∫√‘…—∑π—Èπ‡µÁ¡·≈â« √À— ICF ¢Õß°√≥’µ—«Õ¬à“ß 240 ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë “¡ ¡’»—°¬¿“æ∑’Ë®–∑”ß“π‰¥âµ“¡§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ·µàÕ“®®–‰¡à¡’ß“π∑” ‡π◊ËÕß®“°∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ ‚¥¬®–µâÕß„™â√∂‡¢Áπ„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë ·µà ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“ππ—Èπ‰¡à “¡“√∂π”√∂‡¢Áπ‰ª„™â‰¥â °√≥’ ÿ¥∑⓬∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë„™â√∂‡¢Áπ¡’ß“π∑” ·≈–¡’»—°¬¿“æ‡æ’¬ßæÕ∑’Ë®–∑”ß“π‰¥â ·µà°Á¬—ß¡’ ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π–„π¡‘µ‘§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡ß“π ‡π◊ËÕß®“°‰¡à‰¥â®—¥‡µ√’¬¡∑“ß∑’Ë ®–‰ª¬—ß∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ë®—¥‰«â„Àâæπ—°ß“πæ—°ºàÕπ√–À«à“ß°“√∑”ß“π‰«â ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π–„π °“√‡¢â“ —ߧ¡„π ∂“π∑Ë∑”ß“π’ Õ“®¢—¥¢«“ß‚Õ°“ ∑’Ë®–‡®√‘≠°â“«Àπâ“„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π

239 Case examples ICF

A third individual, who is capable of performing the required job activities, may not be hired because he or she has an activity limitation that is alleviated through use of a wheelchair, although the job site is not accessible to wheelchairs.

Lastly, an individual using a wheelchair may be hired for the job, and has the capacity to do the job tasks and in fact does perform them in the work context. None the less, this individual may still have problems in performing in domains of interpersonal interactions with co-workers, because access to work-related rest areas is not available. This problem of performance in socializing at the place of employment may prevent access to job advancement opportunities.

All four individuals experience performance problems in the domain of employment because of different environmental factors interacting with their health condition or impairment. For the first individual, the environmental barriers include lack of accommodation at the workplace and probably negative attitudes. The second individual is faced with negative attitudes about employment of disabled people. The third person faces lack of accessibility of the built environment and the last person faces negative attitudes about disability generally.

Suspected impairment leading to marked problems in performance without limitations in capacity

An individual has been working with patients who have AIDS. This individual is otherwise healthy but has to undergo periodic testing for HIV. He has no capacity limitations. Despite this, people who know him socially suspect he may have acquired the virus and so avoid him. This leads to significant problems in the person's performance in the domain of social interactions and community, social and civic life. His involvement is restricted because of negative attitudes adopted by the people in his environment.

Impairments currently not classified in ICF leading to problems in performance

An individual has a mother who died of breast cancer. She is 45 years old and was voluntarily screened recently and found to carry the genetic code that puts her at risk for breast cancer. She has no problems in body function or structure, or limitation in capacities, but is denied health insurance by her insurance company because of her increased risk for breast cancer. Her involvement in the domain of looking after her health is restricted because of the policy of the health insurance company.

240 ICF °√≥’µ—«Õ¬à“ß ∫ÿ§§≈∑—Èß ’Ëπ’ÈË ª√– ∫ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π–„π¡‘µ‘¢Õß°“√¡’ß“π∑”‡π◊ËÕß®“°ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∑’˵à“ß°—π‰ª ¡’º≈µàÕ‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ߥâ“π ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–§«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ªí≠À“¢Õߧπ ∑’ËÀπ÷Ë߇°‘¥®“°Õÿª √√§„π à‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∑’Ë√«¡∂÷ߧ«“¡‡À¡“– ¡¢Õß ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π ·≈–Õ“® ¡’∑—»π§µ‘‡™‘ß≈∫ §π∑’Ë Õß°ÁµâÕ߇º™‘≠°—∫∑—»π§µ‘„π·ßà≈∫¥â“π°“√«à“®â“ߧπæ‘°“√‡¢â“ ∑”ß“π §π∑’Ë “¡‡º™‘≠ªí≠À“¢“¥°“√®—¥°“√ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„Àâ “¡“√∂‡¢â“∂÷߉¥â ·≈–§π ÿ¥∑⓬‡º™‘≠°—∫ªí≠À“∑—»π§µ‘¥â“π≈∫∑’Ë¡’µàÕ§«“¡æ‘°“√‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬∑’ˬ—߇ªìπ∑’Ë ß —¬ 𔉪 Ÿàªí≠À“„À≠à„π¥â“π ¡√√∂π– ‚¥¬‰¡à¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π»—°¬¿“æ ∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ë߇§¬∑”ß“π°—∫ºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§‡Õ¥ å ‡¢“¡’ ÿ¢¿“楒 ·µàµâÕ߉ª∑”°“√µ√«®‡≈◊Õ¥À“‡™◊ÈÕ HIV ‡ªìπ√–¬–Ê ‰¡à¡’ªí≠À“¥â“π»—°¬¿“æ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·¡â°√–π—Èπ§πÕ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë√Ÿâ®—°§πÊπ’È Õ“®®–√–·«ß ß —¬«à“∫ÿ§§≈ºŸâπ’ȉ¥â√—∫‡™◊ÈÕ HIV ‡¢â“‰ª·≈â« ·≈–欓¬“¡À≈’°‡≈’Ë¬ß ‘Ëßπ’ȉ¥â 𔉪 Ÿàªí≠À“ ”§—≠„π¥â“π ¡√√∂π–¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ „π¡‘µ‘¥â“πªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ —ߧ¡ ™ÿ¡™π °“√ „™â™’«‘µ„π —ߧ¡·≈–™’«‘µæ≈‡√◊Õπ °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡‰¥â√—∫°“√®”°—¥ ‡æ√“–°“√¡’∑—»π§µ‘¥â“π≈∫ ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ëπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈π’È §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß∑’Ë¡‘‰¥âÕ¬Ÿà„π∫—≠™’®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ICF ©∫—∫ªí®®ÿ∫—π ·≈–𔉪 Ÿà ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π– ∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ëß ¡’¡“√¥“‡ ’¬™’«‘µ¥â«¬‚√§¡–‡√Á߇µâ“π¡ ‡∏ÕÕ“¬ÿ 45 ªï ·≈–ºà“π°“√µ√«®Õ¬à“ß ‡µÁ¡„®‡¡◊ËÕ‰¡àπ“π¡“π’È ·≈–æ∫«à“ ‡∏Õ¡’¬’π∑’Ë∑”„Àâ¡’§«“¡‡ ’ˬߵàÕ°“√‡°‘¥¡–‡√Á߇µâ“π¡ ‡∏Õ‰¡à¡’ªí≠À“‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√∑”ß“π ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ßÀ√◊Õ¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π»—°¬¿“æ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·µà‡∏Õ‰¥â√—∫°“√ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√∑”ª√–°—π ÿ¢¿“殓°∫√‘…—∑ª√–°—π ‡æ√“–‡∏Õ¡’ §«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß Ÿß∑’Ë®–‡ªìπ¡–‡√Áß ºŸâÀ≠‘ߧππ’È®÷ß¡’§«“¡‡°’ˬ«æ—π°—∫¡‘µ‘¥â“π°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß µπ‡Õß ‡π◊ËÕß¡“®“°π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß∫√‘…—∑ª√–°—π™’«‘µ

240 Case examples ICF

Additional examples

A 10-year-old boy is referred to a speech therapist with the referral diagnosis “stuttering”. During the examination problems are found in discontinuities in speech, inter- and intra-verbal accelerations, problems in timing of speech movements and inadequate speech rhythm (impairments). There are problems at school with reading aloud and with conversation (capacity limitations). During group discussions he does not take any initiative to engage in the discussions although he would like to (performance problem in the domain of conversing with many people). This boy's involvement in conversation is limited when in a group because of societal norms and practices concerning the orderly unfolding of conversations.

A 40-year-old woman with a whiplash injury four months earlier complains about pain in the neck, severe headache, dizziness, reduced muscle power and anxiety (impairments). Her ability to walk, cook, clean, handle a computer and drive a car are limited (limitations in capacity). In consultation with her physician it was mutually agreed to wait till the problems are reduced before she can return to her old full-time fixed-hours job (problems in performance in the domain of employment). If the workplace policies in her current environment allowed for flexible work hours, taking time off when her symptoms were particularly bad, and allowed her to work from home, her involvement in the domain of employment would improve.

241 ICF °√≥’µ—«Õ¬à“ß

µ—«Õ¬à“߇æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ‡¥Á°Õ“¬ÿ 10 ¢«∫ ∂Ÿ° àßµ—«‰ªæ∫°—∫π—°·°â‰¢°“√查 ‚¥¬‰¥â√—∫°“√«‘π‘®©—¬«à“ µ‘¥Õà“ß „π√–À«à“ß°“√µ√«®æ∫«à“ ‡¥Á°¡’ªí≠À“‡√◊ËÕß查‰¡àµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß ¡’°“√‡√àߧ«“¡‡√Á«„π·≈– √–À«à“ߧ”查 ®—ßÀ«–°“√查∑’ˬ—ß¡’ªí≠À“·≈–查‰¡à‡ªìπ®—ßÀ«– (§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß) ‡¥Á°¬—ß ª√– ∫ªí≠À“∑’Ë‚√߇√’¬π ‡«≈“Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß·≈– π∑π“°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ (¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π»—°¬¿“æ) √–À«à“ß π∑π“°—π‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ ‡¥Á°®–‰¡à‡√‘Ë¡µâπ°“√ π∑π“ ·¡â«à“‡¢“®–Õ¬“°∑” (ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π–„π¡‘µ‘¥â“π°“√ π∑π“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ëπ) ‡¥Á°®–¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π°“√ π∑π“ ‡¡◊ËÕµâÕß Õ¬Ÿà√à«¡°≈ÿà¡ ‡æ√“–∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑“ß —ߧ¡ ·≈–«‘∏’°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘«à“¥â«¬‡√◊ËÕß°“√≈”¥—∫§”„π°“√ π∑π“ ºŸâÀ≠‘ßÕ“¬ÿ 40 ªï ª√– ∫Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ∑“ß√∂¬πµå 4 ‡¥◊Õπ°àÕπ ∑”„Àâ¡’Õ“°“√ª«¥µâπ§Õ ª«¥»√’…–Õ¬à“ß√ÿπ·√ß·≈–«‘߇«’¬π»’√…– °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÕàÕπ·√ß·≈–¡’§«“¡«‘µ°°—ß«≈ (§«“¡ ∫°æ√àÕß) ¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“𧫓¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√‡¥‘π °“√∑”Õ“À“√ °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥ °“√ „™â§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å·≈–°“√¢—∫√∂ (¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π»—°¬¿“æ) „π°“√ª√÷°…“·æ∑¬å ‰¥â≈ߧ«“¡ ‡ÀÁπ√à«¡°—π«à“ „Àâ‡∏Õ√Õ®π°«à“ªí≠À“‡À≈à“π’È≈¥≈ß°àÕπ∑’Ë®–°≈—∫‡¢â“‰ª∑”ß“πª√–®”·∫∫ ‡µÁ¡‡«≈“ (ªí≠À“¥â“π ¡√√∂π–„π¡‘µ‘¥â“π°“√¡’ß“π∑”) ∂â“ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π„πªí®®ÿ∫—π Õπÿ≠“µ‘„Àâ‡∏Õ∑”ß“π„π™—Ë«‚¡ß°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˬ◊¥À¬ÿàπ ≈“À¬ÿ¥‰¥âÀ“°¡’Õ“°“√°”‡√‘∫¡“° ·≈– Õπÿ≠“µ‘„Àâ∑”ß“π∑’Ë∫â“π‰¥â ®–∑”„À⧫“¡‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫¡‘µ‘¥â“π°“√¡’ß“π∑”¢Õ߇∏Õ¥’¢÷Èπ

241 ICF and people with disabilities ICF Annex 5 ICF and people with disabilities

The ICF revision process has, since its inception, benefited from the input of people with disabilities and organizations of disabled persons. Disabled Peoples’ International in particular has contributed its time and energies to the process of revision, and ICF reflects this important input.

WHO recognizes the importance of the full participation of persons with disabilities and their organizations in the revision of a classification of functioning and disability. As a classification, ICF will serve as the basis for both the assessment and measurement of disability in many scientific, clinical, administrative and social policy contexts. As such, it is a matter of concern that ICF not be misused in ways that are detrimental to the interests of persons with disabilities (see Ethical Guidelines in Annex 6).

In particular, WHO recognizes that the very terms used in the classification can, despite the best efforts of all, be stigmatizing and labelling. In response to this concern, the decision was made early in the process to drop the term “handicap” entirely – owing to its pejorative connotations in English – and not to use the term “disability” as the name of a component, but to keep it as the overall, umbrella term.

There remains, however, the difficult question of how best to refer to individuals who experience some degree of functional limitation or restriction. ICF uses the term “disability” to denote a multidimensional phenomenon resulting from the interaction between people and their physical and social environment. For a variety of reasons, when referring to individuals, some prefer to use the term “people with disabilities” while others prefer “disabled people”. In the light of this divergence, there is no universal practice for WHO to adopt, and it is not appropriate for ICF rigidly to adopt one rather than another approach. Instead, WHO confirms the important principle that people have the right to be called what they choose.

It is important to stress, moreover, that ICF is not a classification of people at all. It is a classification of people’s health characteristics within the context of their individual life situations and environmental impacts. It is the interaction of the health characteristics and the contextual factors that produces disability. This being so, individuals must not be reduced to, or characterized solely in terms of, their impairments, activity limitations, or participation restrictions. For example, instead of referring to a “mentally handicapped person”, the classification uses the phrase “person with a problem in learning ”. ICF ensures this by avoiding any reference to a person by means of a health condition or disability term, and by using neutral, if not positive, and concrete language throughout.

To further address the legitimate concern of systematic labelling of people, the categories in ICF are expressed in a neutral way to avoid depreciation,

242 ICF ICF ·≈–§πæ‘°“√ ¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 5 ICF ·≈–§πæ‘°“√ °√–∫«π°“√∑∫∑«π ICF µ—Èß·µà‡√‘Ë¡µâ𠉥â√—∫ª√–‚¬™π宓°§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ‡ªìπÕ¬à“ߥ’®“°§πæ‘°“√ ·≈–Õߧå°√§πæ‘°“√ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ¬à“߬‘ËßÕߧå°√§πæ‘°“√√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» ∑’ˉ¥â∑ÿࡇ∑‡«≈“·≈– æ≈—ßß“π„π°“√∑∫∑«π ICF ·≈– ICF °Á‰¥â –∑âÕπ„Àâ‡ÀÁ𧫓¡æ¬“¬“¡π’È Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°‰¥â‡≈Á߇ÀÁπ∂÷ߧ«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õß°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡Õ¬à“߇µÁ¡∑’Ë®“°§πæ‘°“√·≈–Õߧ尓√ ¢ÕߺŸâæ‘°“√ „π°“√∑∫∑«π°“√®—¥°≈ÿà¡°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ „π‡™‘ß°“√®—¥°≈ÿà¡ ICF “¡“√∂µÕ∫ πÕß„π·ßà∑’ˇªìπæ◊Èπ∞“π¢Õß°“√ª√–‡¡‘π ·≈–°“√µ√«®«—¥√–¥—∫§«“¡æ‘°“√ „π ∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å ∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å ∑“ߥâ“π°“√∫√‘À“√ ·≈–°“√«“ßπ‚¬∫“¬∑“ß —ߧ¡ ¥â«¬‡Àµÿπ’È ®÷ß ∂◊Õ‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß ”§—≠«à“ ICF ®–µâÕ߉¡à∂Ÿ°π”‰ª„™â„π∑“ß∑’ˇ ’¬·°àºŸâæ‘°“√ Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°‡¢â“„®¥’«à“ ·¡â«à“®–‰¥â¡’§«“¡æ¬“¬“¡Õ¬à“ߥ’∑’Ë ÿ¥„π°“√„™â§”»—æ∑åµà“ßÊ „π°“√ ®—¥°≈ÿà¡ ·µà§”‡À≈à“π—Èπ°ÁÕ“®®–¬—ß¡’§”∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬„π‡™‘ß°“√ª√–π“¡À√◊Õ°“√µ√“Àπâ“«à“‡ªìπ§π æ‘°“√ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ§«“¡°—ß«≈π’È ®÷߉¥â¡’°“√µ—¥ ‘π„®„π√–¬–·√°‡√‘Ë¡„À⬰‡≈‘°°“√„™â §”«à“∑ÿææ≈¿“æ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°¡’§«“¡À¡“¬‰ª„π∑“ß∑’ˉ¡à¥’π—°„π¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… ·≈–‰¡à„™â§”«à“æ‘°“√ „π °“√‡√’¬°Õߧåª√–°Õ∫„¥Õߧåª√–°Õ∫Àπ÷Ëß ·µà®–„™â√«¡Ê°—π‰ª ‡ªìπ§”∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬°«â“ßÊ Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ °Á¬—ß¡’§”∂“¡∑’ˬ“°Ê Õ’°«à“ ·≈â«®–‡√’¬°∫ÿ§§≈∑’˪√– ∫ªí≠À“ ¢âÕ®”°—¥∫“ߪ√–°“√ ¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬Õ¬à“߉√ ICF „™â§”«à“ 秫“¡æ‘°“√é „π°“√查∂÷ߪ√“°Ø°“√≥å∑’ˇ°‘¥®“° ¡‘µ‘∑ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬’ Õ—π‡°‘¥®“°ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈°—∫ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß°“¬¿“æ ·≈–∑“ß —ߧ¡®“° ‡Àµÿº≈À≈“¬Ê Õ¬à“ß ‡¡◊ËÕ®–查∂÷ß∫ÿ§§≈∫“ߧπ ™Õ∫∑’Ë®–„™â§”«à“ ºŸâ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡æ‘°“√ „π¢≥–∑’˧π Õ◊ËπÊ ‡√’¬°«à“ §πæ‘°“√ ¥â«¬§«“¡·µ°µà“ßπ’È Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°‰¡à‰¥â¡’°“√°”Àπ¥„Àâ¡’°“√„™â§”„¥ §”Àπ÷ËßÕ¬à“ß·æ√àÀ≈“¬ ·≈–®–‡ªìπ°“√‰¡à‡À¡“– ¡À“° ICF ‰¥â¡’°“√°”Àπ¥„Àℙ⫑∏’§‘¥·∫∫„¥ ·∫∫Àπ÷Ëß¡“°°«à“Õ’°·∫∫Àπ÷Ëß Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°‰¥â¬◊π¬—𧫓¡ ”§—≠¢ÕßÀ≈—°°“√∑’Ë«à“∫ÿ§§≈µà“ßÊ ¡’ ‘∑∏‘∑’Ë®–∂Ÿ°‡√’¬°„π§”∑’˵π‡≈◊Õ° ‘Ëß ”§—≠∑’Ë®–µâÕ߇πâπÕ’°Õ¬à“ߧ◊Õ ICF ‰¡à„™à√À— ”À√—∫·¬°ª√–‡¿∑∫ÿ§§≈ ·µà‡ªìπ°“√·¬° ª√–‡¿∑ ∂“π–∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ „π ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’ˇªìπ ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ ·≈–º≈°√–∑∫ ¢Õß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ §«“¡æ‘°“√π—Èπ‡ªìπº≈≈—æ∏å√–À«à“ß≈—°…≥–∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈°—∫ ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‚¥¬√«¡ ®÷߉¡à§«√‡√’¬°∫ÿ§§≈§πÀπ÷Ëßµ“¡§«“¡∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ À√◊Õ ‘Ëß∑’ˇªìπÕÿª √√§„π°“√‡¢â“ —ߧ¡ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ·∑π∑’Ë®–°≈à“«∂÷ß∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë∑ÿææ≈¿“æ¥â“𮑵 „π °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑®–„™â§”«à“∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’ªí≠À“¥â“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ·∑π ICF ·πà„®«à“®–‰¡à‡√’¬°∫ÿ§§≈ µ“¡‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æÀ√◊Õ§«“¡æ‘°“√ ·µà®–‡≈◊Õ°„™â§”∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬‡ªìπ°≈“ßÀ√◊Õ¡’§«“¡À¡“¬ „π·ßà∫«° ICF ®–„™â§”∑’ˇªìπ°≈“ß„π°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑™π‘¥µà“ßÊ ‡æ◊ËÕÀ≈’°‡≈’ˬ߰“√∑’Ë®–‡√’¬° ∫ÿ§§≈µ“¡Õ“°“√¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ ´÷Ëß®–°≈“¬‡ªìπ°“√≈∫À≈ŸàÀ√◊Õ∑”„À⇪ìπ¡≈∑‘πÀ√◊Õ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡¢â“„®∑’Ë ‰¡à‡À¡“– ¡ Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ «‘∏’¥—ß°≈à“«π’È∑”„À⇰‘¥ªí≠À“¢Õß°“√ç∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥§”é ´÷Ëß≈—°…≥–„π ∑“ß≈∫¢Õߪí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æπ—Èπ ‰¡à«à“®–‡√’¬°Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ °Á®–‰¡à∑”„Àâ∑—»π§µ‘¢ÕߧπµàÕÕ“°“√π—È𠇪≈’Ë¬π‰ª ªí≠À“¥—ß°≈à“«‰¡à„™à‡√◊ËÕß∑“ß¿“…“ À“°«à“‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕߢÕß∑—»π§µ‘¢Õߧπ·≈–¢Õß —ߧ¡µàÕ §«“¡æ‘°“√ ‘Ëß∑’Ë∑”‰¥â §◊Õ °“√„™â§”·≈–‡π◊ÈÕÀ“∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ¡’§«“¡™Õ∫∏√√¡„π√–∫∫¢Õß°“√‡≈◊Õ°§”¡“„™â‡√’¬° ∂“π–¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈°≈ÿࡵà“ßÊ „π ICF ®–‡≈◊Õ°„™â§”∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬‡ªìπ°≈“߇æ◊ËÕÀ≈’°‡≈’ˬ߰“√≈∫À≈Ÿà °“√‡°‘¥¡≈∑‘πÀ√◊Õ‡°‘¥§«“¡‡¢â“„®∑’Ë

242 ICF and people with disabilities ICF stigmatization and inappropriate connotations. This approach, however, brings with it the problem of what might be called the “sanitation of terms”. The negative attributes of one’s health condition and how other people react to it are independent of the terms used to define the condition. Whatever disability is called, it exists irrespective of labels. The problem is not only an issue of language but also, and mainly, an issue of the attitudes of other individuals and society towards disability. What is needed is correct content and usage of terms and classification.

WHO is committed to continuing efforts to ensure that persons with disabilities are empowered by classification and assessment, and not disentitled or discriminated against.

It is hoped that disabled people themselves will contribute to the use and development of ICF in all sectors. As researchers, managers and policy-makers, disabled people will help to develop protocols and tools that are grounded in the ICF classifications. ICF also serves as a potentially powerful tool for evidence- based advocacy. It provides reliable and comparable data to make the case for change. The political notion that disability is as much the result of environmental barriers as it is of health conditions or impairments must be transformed, first into a research agenda and then into valid and reliable evidence. This evidence can bring genuine social change for persons with disabilities around the world.

Disability advocacy can also be enhanced by using ICF. As the primary goal of advocacy is to identify interventions that can improve levels of participation of people with disabilities, ICF can assist in identifying where the principal “problem” of disability lies, whether it is in the environment by way of a barrier or the absence of a facilitator, the limited capacity of the individual himself or herself, or some combination of factors. By means of this clarification, interventions can be appropriately targeted and their effects on levels of participation monitored and measured. In this way, concrete and evidence- driven objectives can be achieved and the overall goals of disability advocacy furthered.

243 ICF ICF ·≈–§πæ‘°“√ ‰¡à‡À¡“– ¡ Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡‚¥¬«‘∏’°“√π’È ®–∑”„À≥⠑Ëß∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“ §”∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ –Õ“¥ª√“»®“°°“√ªπ ‡ªóôÕ𠧫“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑“ߥâ“π≈∫¢ÕßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ë𠇪ìπÕ‘ √–µàÕ §”∑’Ë„™â‡√’¬° ∂“π– ‰¡à«à“®–‡√’¬°§«“¡æ‘°“√«à“Õ¬à“߉√ §«“¡æ‘°“√°Á¬—ß¡’Õ¬Ÿà ªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ‰¡à‰¥â ‡ªìπ‡æ’¬ßªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°¿“…“∑’Ë„™â‡√’¬° ·µà‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß∑—»π§µ‘¢ÕߧπÕ◊ËπÊ ·≈– —ߧ¡∑’Ë¡’µàÕ§«“¡ æ‘°“√¡“°°«à“ ‘Ëß∑’˵âÕß°“√ §◊Õ °“√‡≈◊Õ°„™â§”∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬·≈–‡π◊ÈÕÀ“∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°¡’§«“¡¡ÿàß¡—Ëπ∑’Ë®–¥”‡π‘π°“√µàÕ‰ª „À⧫“¡¡—Ëπ„®°—∫§πæ‘°“√«à“®–‰¥â√—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ„À⇢⡷¢Áß ®“°°“√·¬°ª√–‡¿∑·≈–°“√ª√–‡¡‘π ·≈–‰¡à∑”„Àâ§πæ‘°“√√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°”≈—ß∂Ÿ° ¥Ÿ∂Ÿ°‡À¬’¬¥À¬“¡ À√◊Õ∂Ÿ°≈∫À≈Ÿà ‡ªìπ∑’˧“¥À«—ß°—π«à“ºŸâæ‘°“√‡Õß°ÁÕ“®‡ªìπºŸâ¡’ à«π„π°“√π”√À— ICF ‰ª„™â ·≈–𔉪æ—≤π“ ICF „π∑ÿ°Ê ¥â“π §πæ‘°“√∑’ˇªìπ π—°«‘®—¬ ºŸâ®—¥°“√ ·≈–ºŸâ«“ß·ºππ‚¬∫“¬ ®–¡’ à«π™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ„π°“√ æ—≤π“æ‘∏’°“√À√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë®–‡ªìπæ◊Èπ∞“π „π°“√·¬°ª√–‡¿∑ ICF ¬—ß “¡“√∂𔉪‡ªìπÀ≈—° ∞“π™‘È𠔧—≠„π°“√µàÕ√Õß∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬ ‚¥¬°“√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡æ’¬ßæÕ‰«â«“ß„®‰¥â«à“ “¡“√∂∑”„À⇰‘¥ °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß„π¥â“π·π«§‘¥π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß ∑’Ë¡—°®–¡Õß«à“§«“¡æ‘°“√‡ªìπº≈Õÿª √√§∑“ß ¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡‡À¡◊Õπ°—∫ ¿“«–¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ À√◊Õ°“√∫°æ√àÕߢÕß√à“ß°“¬µâÕ߉¥â√—∫°“√ ‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß „π™à«ß·√°Õ“®®–‡ªìπ°“√ª√—∫‡ª≈’ˬπ¡ÿ¡¡Õß„π‡™‘ßß“π«‘®—¬°àÕπ ·≈–‡¡◊ËÕ‰¥â¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë πà“‡™◊ËÕ∂◊Õ®“°ß“π«‘®—¬·≈â« °Á®–°àÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß„π —ߧ¡ ”À√—∫§πæ‘°“√∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà∑—Ë«‚≈° µàÕ‰ª °“√„™â ICF “¡“√∂∑”„Àâ°“√¥”‡π‘πß“πµ“¡°ØÀ¡“¬ ‡æ◊ËÕª√–‚¬™πå¢Õߧπæ‘°“√¥’¢÷Èπ ‚¥¬¡’‡ªÑ“ À¡“¬·√° §◊Õ °“√À“«‘∏’°“√∑’Ë®–„Àâ§πæ‘°“√‡¢â“¡“¡’ à«π√à«¡°—∫ —ߧ¡¡“°¢÷Èπ ICF “¡“√∂™à«¬„Àâ ‡ÀÁπªí≠À“À≈—°¢Õߧπæ‘°“√«à“ ¡“®“°Õÿª √√§¥â“π ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡ ¢“¥°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ®“° ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕ ÀπÿπÀ√◊Õ¢âÕ®”°—¥¥â“π»—°¬¿“æ„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇¢“ À√◊Õ‡∏ÕÀ√◊Õ«à“‡°‘¥®“°Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∫“ߥâ“π ‡¡◊ËÕÀ“ “‡Àµÿ∑’Ë·∑â®√‘߉¥â·≈â« °Á®–®—¥À“·π«∑“ß°“√·°â‰¢∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ√ß®ÿ¥·≈–‡À¡“– ¡ ¡’°“√«—¥ ·≈–µ‘¥µ“¡√–¥—∫°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ °“√∑”ß“π„π≈—°…≥–π’È®–∑”„Àâ “¡“√∂∫√√≈ÿ«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧå∑’˵—Èß¡“ ®“°À≈—°∞“π „π°“√µàÕ Ÿâ∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫§πæ‘°“√·≈–∑”„À≥âº≈µ“¡‡ªÑ“À¡“¬∑’˵—È߉«â ◊∫‰ª

243 Ethical guidelines for the use of ICF ICF Annex 6 Ethical guidelines for the use of ICF

Every scientific tool can be misused and abused. It would be naive to believe that a classification system such as ICF will never be used in ways that are harmful to people. As explained in Appendix 5, the process of the revision of ICIDH has included persons with disabilities and their advocacy organizations from the beginning. Their input has lead to substantive changes in the terminology, content and structure of ICF. This annex sets out some basic guidelines for the ethical use of ICF. It is obvious that no set of guidelines can anticipate all forms of misuse of a classification or other scientific tool, or for that matter, that guidelines alone can prevent misuse. This document is no exception. It is hoped that attention to the provisions that follow will reduce the risk that ICF will be used in ways that are disrespectful and harmful to people with disabilities.

Respect and confidentiality (1) ICF should always be used so as to respect the inherent value and autonomy of individual persons. (2) ICF should never be used to label people or otherwise identify them solely in terms of one or more disability categories. (3) In clinical settings, ICF should always be used with the full knowledge, cooperation, and consent of the persons whose levels of functioning are being classified. If limitations of an individual's cognitive capacity preclude this involvement, the individual's advocate should be an active participant. (4) The information coded using ICF should be viewed as personal information and subject to recognized rules of confidentiality appropriate for the manner in which the data will be used.

Clinical use of ICF (5) Wherever possible, the clinician should explain to the individual or the individual's advocate the purpose of the use of ICF and invite questions about the appropriateness of using it to classify the person’s levels of functioning. (6) Wherever possible, the person whose level of functioning is being classified (or the person's advocate) should have the opportunity to participate, and in particular to challenge or affirm the appropriateness of the category being used and the assessment assigned.

244 ICF ®√‘¬∏√√¡„π°“√„™â ICF ¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 6 ®√‘¬∏√√¡„π°“√„™â ICF ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å∑ÿ°™‘ÈπÕ“®π”¡“„™â„π∑“ß∑’˺‘¥‰¥â ®–‡ªìπ°“√∫√‘ ÿ∑∏‘Ï¡“°‡°‘π‰ª∑’Ë®–‡™◊ËÕ«à“ ∫—≠™’·¬°ª√–‡¿∑ ‡™àπ ICF ®–‰¡à∂Ÿ°π”‰ª„™â„π∑“ß∑’ˇªìπÕ—πµ√“¬µàÕºŸâ§π ‰¥â°≈à“«¡“·≈â«„π¿“§ ºπ«°∑’Ë 5 «à“ ¢—ÈπµÕπ„π°“√∑∫∑«π ICIDH π—Èπ ‰¥â ‡™‘≠§πæ‘°“√·≈–Õߧå°√§πæ‘°“√‡¢â“√à«¡µ—Èß ·µà·√° ®“° ‘Ëßπ’ȉ¥â𔉪 Ÿà°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß„π‡√◊ËÕß°“√„™â§” ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ICF Õ¬à“ß ¡“°¡“¬ ¿“§ºπ«°π’È®–‡ªìπ°“√·π–π”æ◊Èπ∞“π¥â“π®√‘¬∏√√¡„π°“√π” ICF ‰ª„™â „𧫓¡‡ªìπ®√‘ß ·≈⫉¡à¡’·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘„¥∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ÕÕ°¡“·≈â«®– “¡“√∂·°â‰¢ °“√·∫àß°≈ÿà¡Õ¬à“߉¡à∂Ÿ°µâÕß À√◊Õ ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√åÕ◊ËπÊ ‡Õ° “√π’È°Á‰¡à¡’¢âÕ¬°‡«â𠇪ìπ∑’˧“¥À«—ß«à“§«“¡µ—Èß„®∑’Ë®–ªØ‘∫—µ‘ µ“¡¢âÕ·π–π” ∑’Ë®–‰¥â°≈à“«∂÷ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ®–≈¥§«“¡‡ ’ˬ߄π°“√π” ICF ‰ª„™â„π∑“ß∑’Ë≈∫À≈ŸàÀ√◊Õ„π ∑’ˇªìπÕ—πµ√“¬µàÕ§πæ‘°“√ °“√‡§“√æ ‘∑∏‘·≈–°“√√—°…“§«“¡≈—∫ (1) ICF ®–µâÕß„™â„π∑“ß∑’ˇ§“√æ„π ‘∑∏‘§ÿ≥§à“·≈–§«“¡‡ªìπµ—«‡ÕߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈ (2) ICF ®–µâÕ߉¡à∂Ÿ°π”‰ª„™â„π°“√‡√’¬°∫ÿ§§≈ À√◊Õ√–∫ÿ§«“¡æ‘°“√µ“¡§”∑’Ë∫—≠≠—µ‘‰«â„π À¡«¥À¡Ÿà§πæ‘°“√ (3) „π∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å ICF ®–µâÕß∂Ÿ°„™â‚¥¬°“√¡’§«“¡√ŸâÕ¬à“߇µÁ¡‡ªïò¬¡ ¡’§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ·≈– ¬‘π¬Õ¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉª·¬°ª√–‡¿∑°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢Õ߇¢“ À“°ºŸâª√–‡¡‘π¡’ªí≠À“ ¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑”„Àâ‰¡à “¡“√∂¡’ à«π√à«¡°—∫°√–∫«π°“√π’ȉ¥â ®–¡’µ—«·∑π∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬¡“ ¥”‡π‘π°“√ §«√¡’°“√·®âß„Àâ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’ à«π‡°’ˬ«¢âÕ߉¥â√—∫∑√“∫ (4) ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√„ à√À— ICF π—Èπ ®–µâÕß∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈–µâÕ߇§“√æ°Æ∑’Ë „À⇰Á∫√—°…“‰«â‡ªì𧫓¡≈—∫„π°“√π”¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‰ª„™â °“√„™â ICF „π∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å (5) ∑ÿ°§√—Èß∑’ˇªìπ‰ª‰¥â ºŸâ„Àâ√À— §«√Õ∏‘∫“¬„À⺟â∂Ÿ°ª√–‡¡‘π À√◊Õµ—«·∑π∑√“∫«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧå¢Õß °“√π”√À— ‰ª„™â ·≈–‡ªî¥‚Õ°“ „Àâ∂“¡ À“°¡’¢âÕ ß —¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫§«“¡‡À¡“– ¡¢Õß°“√·¬° ª√–‡¿∑√–¥—∫§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ (6) ∑ÿ°§√—Èß∑’ˇªìπ‰ª‰¥â ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë∂Ÿ°ª√–‡¡‘π√–¥—∫§«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ®–µâÕß¡’‚Õ°“ ‡¢â“ √à«¡ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ¬à“߬‘Ëß “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–‚µâ·¬âß À√◊Õ¬◊π¬—𧫓¡∂Ÿ°µâÕ߇À¡“– ¡¢ÕßÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà ∑’Ë„™â·≈–ª√–‡¡‘πº≈∑’ˉ¥â√—∫

244 Ethical guidelines for the use of ICF ICF

(7) Because the deficit being classified is a result of both a person's health condition and the physical and social context in which the person lives, ICF should be used holistically.

Social use of ICF information (8) ICF information should be used, to the greatest extent feasible, with the collaboration of individuals to enhance their choices and their control over their lives. (9) ICF information should be used towards the development of social policy and political change that seeks to enhance and support the participation of individuals. (10)ICF, and all information derived from its use, should not be employed to deny established rights or otherwise restrict legitimate entitlements to benefits for individuals or groups. (11)Individuals classed together under ICF may still differ in many ways. Laws and regulations that refer to ICF classifications should not assume more homogeneity than intended and should ensure that those whose levels of functioning are being classified are considered as individuals.

245 ICF ®√‘¬∏√√¡„π°“√„™â ICF (7) ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈®–∂Ÿ°ª√–‡¡‘π«à“æ‘°“√ ¡’º≈¡“®“°∑—È߇ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß —ߧ¡∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈π—ÈπÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà √À— ∑’Ë„™â®–µâÕß∫Õ°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‚¥¬√«¡ °“√„™â ICF „π∑“ß —ߧ¡ (8) ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ICF §«√∂Ÿ°„™â‚¥¬‰¥â√—∫§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ®“°∫ÿ§§≈ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡æ‘Ë¡∑“߇≈◊Õ°·≈– “¡“√∂ ®—¥°“√™’«‘µ¢Õ߇¢“‰¥â (9) ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ICF §«√∂Ÿ°π”¡“„™â„π°“√æ—≤π“π‚¬∫“¬∑“ߥâ“π —ߧ¡ ·≈–°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß ∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß ∑’ˇπâπ¥â“π°“√‡æ‘Ë¡·≈– π—∫ πÿπ°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ (10) ICF ·≈–¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√„™â ‰¡à§«√∂Ÿ°π”¡“„™â „π°“√®”°—¥ ‘∑∏‘ª√–‚¬™πå À√◊Õº≈ ª√–‚¬™πåÕ—π™Õ∫∏√√¡ ∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈À√◊Õ°≈ÿà¡æ÷߉¥â√—∫ (11) ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë∂÷ß·¡â«à“®–‰¥â√—∫°“√®—¥√À— ·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—π ¿“¬„µâ ICF Õ“®¡’§«“¡·µ°µà“ß°—π À≈“¬Ê ¥â“π √–‡∫’¬∫·≈–¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫∑’ËÕâ“ßÕ‘ß∂÷ß°“√·¬°ª√–‡¿∑ ICF ‰¡à§«√®–‡ªìπ°“√ ‡À¡“√«¡ «à“¡’§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ°—π‰ªÀ¡¥ ¡“°°«à“§«“¡‡ªìπ®√‘ß·≈–§«√„Àâ·πà„®«à“∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë ‰¥â√—∫°“√®—¥√–¥—∫§«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ¡’§«“¡·µ°µà“ß„π§ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘‡©æ“–µ—«¢Õß ·µà≈–§π

245 Summary of the rrevision process ICF Annex 7 Summary of the revision process

The development of ICIDH

In 1972, WHO developed a preliminary scheme concerning the consequences of disease. Within a few months a more comprehensive approach was suggested. These suggestions were made on two important principles: distinctions were to be made between impairments and their importance, i.e. their functional and social consequences, and these various aspects or axes of the data were to be classified separately in different fields of digits. In essence, this approach consisted of a number of distinct, albeit parallel, classifications. This contrasted with the traditions of ICD, wherein multiple axes (etiology, anatomy, pathology, etc.) are integrated in a hierarchical system occupying only a single field of digits. The possibility of assimilating these proposals into a scheme compatible with the principles underlying the structure of ICD was explored. At the same time, preliminary attempts were made to systematize the terminology applied to disease consequences. These suggestions were circulated informally in 1973, and help was solicited particularly from groups with a special concern in rehabilitation.

Separate classifications for impairments and handicaps were circulated in 1974 and discussions continued. Comments were collated and definitive proposals were developed. These were submitted for consideration by the International Conference for the Ninth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases in October 1975. Having considered the classifications, the Conference recommended its publication for trial purposes. In May 1976, the Twenty-ninth World Health Assembly took note of this recommendation and adopted resolution WHA29.35, in which it approved the publication, for trial purposes, of the supplementary classification of impairments and handicaps as a supplement to, but not as an integral part of, the International Classification of Diseases. Consequently, the first edition of ICIDH was published in 1980. In 1993, it was reprinted with an additional foreword.

Initial steps in the revision of ICIDH

In 1993, it was decided to begin a process of revision of ICIDH. The desiderata for the revised version, know provisionally as ICIDH-2, were as follows: it should serve the multiple purposes required by different countries, sectors and health care disciplines; it should be simple enough to be seen by practitioners as a meaningful description of consequences of health conditions;

246 ICF √ÿª°√–∫«π°“√·°â‰¢ª√—∫ª√ÿß ¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 7 √ÿª°√–∫«π°“√·°â‰¢ª√—∫ª√ÿß æ—≤π“°“√¢Õß ICIDH „πªï 2515 Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° ‰¥âæ—≤𓂧√ß°“√‡∫◊ÈÕßµâπ‚¥¬„À⧫“¡ π„®‡√◊ËÕߺ≈°√–∑∫¢Õß‚√§ „π√–¬–‡«≈“ 2 - 3 ‡¥◊Õπ ¥â«¬§«“¡‡¢â“„®∑’Ë¡“°¢÷Èπ‰¥â°≈“¬‡ªìπ¢âÕ·π–π”‡À≈à“π—Èπ ´÷Ë߇°‘¥¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà ∫πÀ≈—°°“√ ”§—≠ Õߪ√–°“√ §◊Õ; °“√·¬°§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß·≈–§«“¡ ”§—≠ ¢Õß¡—π °≈à“«§◊Õ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–º≈°√–∑∫∑“ß —ߧ¡ ¥â«¬≈—°…≥–∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß À√◊Õ·°π ¢ÕߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈ ‰¥â∂Ÿ°®—¥·¬°ª√–‡¿∑‰«â‡ªìπÀ—«¢âÕµà“ßÊ ´÷Ëß®”·π°Õ¬à“ßÕ‘ √– ‚¥¬À≈—° ”§—≠·≈â« «‘∏’π’È ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬µ—«‡≈¢· ¥ß§«“¡·µ°µà“ß ·¡â«à“®–§Ÿà¢π“π°—π ®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ´÷Ëß·µ°µà“ß°—∫ ª√–‡æ≥’¢Õß ICD ∑’Ë¡’°“√·¬° à«π‰«âÀ≈“°À≈“¬ (µ“¡ “‡Àµÿ¢Õß°“√‡°‘¥‚√§ etiology, °“¬«‘¿“§»“ µ√å, 欓∏‘«‘∑¬“ œ≈œ) ∂Ÿ°π”¡“®—¥√«¡°—π „π√–∫∫≈”¥—∫™—Èπ ‚¥¬„™â‡æ’¬ß à«π¢Õß µ—«‡≈¢‡¥’¬« §«“¡‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â¢ÕߢâÕ§‘¥‡ÀÁπ∑’ˇÀ¡◊Õπ°—π ¥â“π·ºπ°“√∑’ˉª¥â«¬°—π°—∫À≈—°°“√¿“¬„µâ ‚§√ß √â“ß ICD ‰¥â∂Ÿ° √â“ߢ÷Èπ „π¢≥–‡¥’¬«°—π‰¥â¡’§«“¡æ¬“¬“¡„π¢—Èπµâπ∑’Ë®– √â“ß√–∫∫¢Õß°“√ 𑬓¡§”®”°—¥§«“¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ𔉪ª√–¬ÿ°µå„™â¥â“πº≈ ◊∫‡π◊ËÕß®“°‚√§ ¢âÕ·π–π”‡À≈à“π’È ∂Ÿ°‡º¬·æ√à ÕÕ°‰ªÕ¬à“߉¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√„πªï 2516 ·≈–‰¥â¡’°“√√âÕߢէ«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ®“°°≈ÿࡵà“ßÊ ‚¥¬ ‡©æ“–®“°°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë∑”ß“π‡°’Ë¬«¢âÕß°—∫°“√øóôπøŸ ¿“懪ìπ摇»… °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ÕÕ°®“°°—π ®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ”À√—∫§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß·≈–§«“¡¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ ‰¥â∂Ÿ°‡º¬·æ√à„πªï 2547 ·≈–¡’°“√À“√◊Õ°—π Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß ‰¥â¡’°“√√«∫√«¡ §”«‘®“√≥åµà“ßÊ ·≈– ‰¥âæ—≤π“ ‡ªìπ𑬓¡§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁππ’È·≈–‰¥â𔇠πÕ‡æ◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“ „π°“√ª√–™ÿ¡ ICD √–À«à“ß ª√–‡∑» (‡æ◊ËÕ°“√·°â‰¢ª√—∫ª√ÿß ICD) §√—Èß∑’Ë 9 „π‡¥◊Õπµÿ≈“§¡ 2518 ∑’˪√–™ÿ¡ ‰¥â√—∫À≈—°°“√ ¢Õß°“√∑”∫—≠™’®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑·≈–‰¥â·π–π”„Àâª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å‡æ◊ËÕ𔉪∑¥≈Õß„™â „π‡¥◊Õπ 情¿“§¡ 2519 ¡’°“√ª√–™ÿ¡ ¡—™™“Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° §√—Èß∑’Ë 29 ‰¥â√—∫À≈—°°“√·≈– √—∫√Õß ¡µ‘∑’Ë WHA29.35 ´÷Ë߇ªìπ°“√Õπÿ¡—µ‘„Àâ®—¥æ‘¡æå∫—≠™’°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß·≈– §«“¡¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ𔉪∑¥≈Õß„™â ·µà‰¡à„™à à«π ”§—≠‡¥’¬«¢Õß ICD º≈§◊Õ ICIDH ©∫—∫∑’Ë 1 ‰¥â∂Ÿ°æ‘¡æå¢÷Èπ„πªï 2523 ·≈–®—¥æ‘¡æå‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡æ√âÕ¡∫∑π”Õ’°„πªï 2536 °“√ª√—∫ª√ÿß·°â‰¢ ICIDH „π¢—Èπ·√° „πªï 2536 ‰¥â¡’°“√µ°≈ß∑’Ë®–‡√‘Ë¡°√–∫«π°“√¢Õß°“√·°â‰¢ ICIDH §«“¡µâÕß°“√π’ȇªìπ∑’Ë√Ÿâ®—°°—π „ππ“¡¢Õß ICIDH-2 ‚¥¬¡’√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ë ®–µâÕßµÕ∫ πÕ߇®µπ“√¡¬å∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬µ“¡§«“¡µâÕß°“√¢ÕßÀ≈“¬ª√–‡∑»À≈“¬ à«π ·≈–À≈—°‡°≥±å°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ ë ®–µâÕßßà“¬µàÕºŸâ𔉪ªØ‘∫—µ‘‚¥¬„™âÀ“§”®”°—¥§«“¡∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß „π°“√Õ∏‘∫“¬∂÷ߺ≈ ◊∫ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ

246 Summary of the rrevision process ICF

it should be useful for practice - i.e. identifying health care needs and tailoring intervention programmes (e.g. prevention, rehabilitation, social actions); it should give a coherent view of the processes involved in the consequences of health conditions such that the disablement process, and not just the dimensions of diseases/disorders, could be objectively assessed, recorded and responded to; it should be sensitive to cultural variations (be translatable, and be applicable in different cultures and health care systems); it should be usable in a complementary way with the WHO family of classifications.

Originally, the French Collaborating Centre was given the task of making a proposal on the Impairments section and on language, speech and sensory aspects. The Dutch Collaborating Centre was to suggest a revision of the Disability and locomotor aspects of the Classification and prepare a review of the literature, while the North American Collaborating Centre was to put forward proposals for the Handicap section. In addition, two task forces were to present proposals on mental health aspects and children’s issues respectively. Progress was made at a ICIDH-2 revision meeting held in Geneva in 1996, an Alpha draft was collated incorporating the different proposals, and initial pilot testing was conducted. It was decided at the 1996 meeting that each collaborating centre and task force would now be concerned with the draft as a whole and no longer with their former individual areas for revision. From May 1996 to February 1997, the Alpha draft was circulated among collaborating centres and task forces, and comments and suggestions were collated at WHO headquarters. A list of basic questions, setting out the main issues related to the revision, was also circulated in order to facilitate the collection of comments.

The following topics were considered during the process of revision: The three-level classification, i.e. Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps, had been useful and should remain. The inclusion of contextual/ environmental factors should be considered, although most proposals remained at the stage of theoretical development and empirical testing. Interrelations between I/D/H and an adequate relationship between them had been an issue for discussion. Many criticisms had pointed to the causal model underlying the 1980 version of ICIDH, the lack of change over time, and the unidirectional flow from impairment to disability to handicap. The revision process had suggested alternative graphic representations. ICIDH-1980 was difficult to use. Simplification for use was deemed necessary: the revision should tend towards simplification rather than towards the addition of detail. Contextual factors (external – environmental factors/ internal–personal factors): These factors, which were major components of the handicap process (as conceptualized in the 1980 version of ICIDH), should be

247 ICF √ÿª°√–∫«π°“√·°â‰¢ª√—∫ª√ÿß

ë ®–µâÕß¡’ª√–‚¬™πå ”À√—∫𔉪ªØ‘∫—µ‘ °≈à“«§◊Õ ™’È„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ߧ«“¡®”‡ªìπ„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–‰¥â®—¥∑”‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë Õ¥§≈âÕß°—π (‡™àπ °“√ªÑÕß°—π °“√øóôπøŸ ¿“æ °“√°√–∑” ∑“ß —ߧ¡) ë ®–µâÕß„Àâ¿“æ∑’˵àÕ‡π◊ËÕߢÕß°√–∫«π°“√®—¥°“√¥â“πº≈ ◊∫‡π◊ËÕß®“°‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ ‡™àπ °√–∫«π§«“¡æ‘°“√·≈–‰¡à„™à·§à¡‘µ‘¢Õß‚√§/§«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘‡∑à“π—Èπ µâÕß “¡“√∂ ª√–‡¡‘π«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧå ∫—π∑÷°·≈–µÕ∫ πÕ߉¥â¥â«¬ ë ®–µâÕߧ”π÷ß∂÷ߧ«“¡·µ°µà“ß∑“ß«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õß·µà≈–ª√–‡∑» ·≈–√–∫∫°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ∑’Ë ·µ°µà“ß°—π‰¥â ë ®–µâÕß “¡“√∂𔉪„™â√à«¡°—π°—∫«‘∏’°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑§√Õ∫§√—«¢ÕßÕߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° ‡¥‘¡ The French Collaborating Centre ‰¥â√—∫¡Õ∫ß“π °“√®—¥∑”·ºπ°“√¥â“𧫓¡∫°æ√àÕß ·≈–°“√„™â¿“…“, °“√查 ·≈– —¡º— The Dutch Collaborating Centre ¥”‡π‘π°“√¥â“π¢âÕ ‡ πÕ„π°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿß·°â‰¢ °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑§«“¡æ‘°“√·≈–¥â“π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« ¢≥–∑’Ë The North American Collaborating Centre ®—¥‡µ√’¬¡·ºπ°“√ ”À√—∫æ«°¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ πÕ°®“°π—Èπ ¡’Àπ૬ߓπ‡©æ“–°‘® 2 Àπà«¬ß“π ¥”‡π‘π°“√¥â“π ÿ¢¿“殑µ·≈–¥â“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫‡¥Á° ®“°π—Èπ„πªï 2539 ¡’°“√ª√–™ÿ¡°“√·°â‰¢ª√—∫ª√ÿß ICIDH-2 ∑’ˇ®π’«“ ´÷Ë߇ªìπ°“√√«∫√«¡ ·ºπ°“√µà“ßÊ ‰¥â∂Ÿ°π”‡ πÕµàÕ∑’˪√–™ÿ¡·≈–‡°‘¥°“√π”√àÕß∑¥ Õ∫¢—Èπµâπ πÕ°®“°π—Èπ ∑’˪√–™ÿ¡ ¬—߉¥â≈ß¡µ‘„À⻟π¬å°≈“ߥ”‡π‘π°“√·≈–Àπ૬ߓπ‡©æ“–°‘® §”π÷ß∂÷ß√à“ß∑—ÈßÀ¡¥·≈–·°â‰¢‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ ¥â“π∫ÿ§§≈ ‰¡à„À⬓«‡°‘π‰ª®“°‡¥◊Õπ情¿“§¡ªï 2539 ∂÷߇¥◊Õπ°ÿ¡¿“æ—π∏å 2540 √à“ß Alpha ‰¥â∂Ÿ°‡º¬·æ√à‰ªµ“¡»Ÿπ¬å°≈“ߥ”‡π‘π°“√·≈–Àπ૬ߓπ‡©æ“–°‘® ·≈– ”π—°ß“π„À≠àÕߧ尓√ Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° ‰¥â‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡ ¢âÕ§‘¥‡ÀÁπ·≈–¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–µà“ßÊ ‰«â √“¬°“√§”∂“¡∑—Ë«‰Ê ‰ª°“√·°â‰¢ °“√®—¥∑”ª√–‡¥ÁπÀ≈—° ‰¥â∂Ÿ°‡º¬·æ√àÕÕ°‰ª¥â«¬°—π ‡æ◊ËÕ‡°◊ÈÕÀπÿπ„Àâ¡’°“√‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡¢âÕ§‘¥‡ÀÁπ √–À«à“ß°√–∫«π°“√·°â‰¢ª√—∫ª√ÿ߉¥â¡’°“√æ‘®“√≥“À—«¢âÕµà“ßÊ ¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ë ∫—≠™’°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ “¡√–¥—∫ °≈à“«§◊Õ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß §«“¡æ‘°“√·≈–§«“¡¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂¿“扥â∂Ÿ°π”¡“„™âª√–‚¬™πå ·≈–®–¬—ߧ߉«â ‰¥â¡’°“√π”ªí®®—¬∑“ß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡‡¢â“¡“ æ‘®“√≥“‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ·¡â«à“·ºπ°“√ à«π„À≠ଗߧßÕ¬Ÿà„π¢—Èπ°“√æ—≤π“∑ƒ…Æ’·≈–°“√∑¥ Õ∫ ‡™‘ߪ√–®—°…å ë §«“¡‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß√–À«à“ß I/D/H ·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑’ˇ撬ßæÕ√–À«à“ß I/D/H ‰¥â∂Ÿ°π”¡“ ‡ªìπª√–‡¥Áπ¢Õß°“√«‘æ“°…å ¡’«‘°ƒµ°“√≥åÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë∫àß™’È«à“ ‘Ëß∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√∑∫∑«π ·°â‰¢ ICIDH „πªï 2523 ‰¡à‰¥â¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡‡«≈“·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ‰ªµ“¡·π«∑“ß ®“°§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß Ÿà§«“¡æ‘°“√ Ÿà§«“¡¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ °√–∫«π°“√·°â‰¢®÷߉¥â𔇠πÕ °√“ø∑“߇≈Õ°◊ ë ICIDH ©∫—∫ªï 2523 π—È𠬓°µàÕ°“√„™â ®÷ß¡’¢âÕ‡ πÕ„Àⷰ≢„Àâ„™âßà“¬¢÷Èπ·∑π∑’Ë®–¡ÿàß ‡πâπ„π¥â“π¢Õß√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ICIDH ©∫—∫ªï 2523 π—È𬓰µàÕ°“√„™â °“√∑”„Àâßà“¬µàÕ°“√ „™â®÷߇ªìπ ‘Ëß®”‡ªìπ °“√·°â‰¢®÷ß¡ÿàß∑”„Àâßà“¬¡“°°«à“°“√‡æ‘Ë¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ ë ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡µà“ßÊ (ªí®®—¬¿“¬πÕ°-ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡/ªí®®—¬¿“¬„π - ªí®®—¬∫ÿ§§≈) : ªí®®—¬‡À≈à“π’È ´÷Ë߇ªìπ à«πª√–°Õ∫∑’Ë ”§—≠¢Õß°√–∫«π°“√¢Õߧ«“¡¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ (µ“¡·π«§«“¡§‘¥°“√·°â‰¢ ICIDH ªï∑’Ë 2523) ®–µâÕßπ”¡“æ—≤π“‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ“„π ICIDH Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡µ—Èß·µàπ—Èπ¡“ ªí®®—¬∑“ߥâ“π —ߧ¡·≈–ªí®®—¬¥â“𰓬¿“æ „π ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß §«“¡æ‘°“√·≈–§«“¡¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ

247 Summary of the rrevision process ICF

developed as additional schemes within the ICIDH. However, since social and physical factors in the environment and their relationship to Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps were strongly culture-bound, they should not be a separate dimension within ICIDH. Nevertheless, it was considered that classifications of environmental factors might prove useful in the analysis of national situations and in the development of solutions at the national level. Impairments should reflect advances in knowledge of basic biological mechanisms. Cultural applicability and universality should be a major aim. Development of training and presentation materials was also a major aim of the revision process.

ICIDH-2 Beta-1 and Beta-2 drafts

In March 1997, a Beta-1 draft was produced which integrated the suggestions collected over the previous years. This draft was presented to the ICIDH revision meeting in April 1997. After incorporation of the meeting’s decisions the ICIDH- 2 Beta-1 draft was issued for field trials in June 1997. Based on all the data and other feedback collected as part of the Beta-1 field trials, a Beta-2 draft was written between January and April 1999. The resulting draft was presented and discussed at the annual meeting on ICIDH-2 in London in April 1999. After incorporation of the meeting’s decisions, the Beta-2 draft was printed and issued for field trials in July 1999.

Field trials

The field trials of the Beta-1 draft were conducted from June 1997 to December 1998, and the Beta-2 field trials from July 1999 to September 2000.

The field tests elicited the widest possible participation from WHO Member States and across different disciplines, including sectors such as health insurance, social security, labour, education, and other groups engaged in classifying health conditions (using the International Classification of Diseases, the Nurses’ Classification, and the International Standard Classification of Education- ISCED). The aim was to reach a consensus, through clear definitions that were operational. The field trials constituted a continuous process of development, consultation, feedback, updating and testing.

The following studies were conducted as a part of the Beta-1 and Beta-2 field trials: translation and linguistic evaluation; item evaluation; responses to basic question by consensus conferences and individuals;

248 ICF √ÿª°√–∫«π°“√·°â‰¢ª√—∫ª√ÿß π—Èπ‡°’Ë¬«¢âÕßÕ¬à“ß¡“°°—∫¢Õ∫‡¢µ«—≤π∏√√¡ ‰¡à§«√®–·¬°¡‘µ‘ÕÕ°®“°°—π„π ICIDH Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡‰¥â¡’°“√æ‘®“√≥“«à“°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ∑“߇°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡π—Èπ ®–µâÕ߇°‘¥ª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå ∂“π°“√≥åª√–™“™“µ‘·≈–„π°“√·°â‰¢ √–¥—∫™“µ‘ ë §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß®–µâÕß –∑âÕπ∂÷ߧ«“¡°â“«Àπâ“„πÕߧ姫“¡√Ÿâ¢Õßæ◊Èπ∞“π°√–∫«π°“√∑“ß ™’««‘∑¬“ ë “¡“√∂ª√—∫‡¢â“°—∫«—≤π∏√√¡·≈– “°≈‰¥âµâÕ߇ªìπ‡ªÑ“À¡“¬À≈—° ë æ—≤π“°“√¢Õß°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡·≈–°“√𔇠πÕÕÿª°√≥å®–µâÕ߇ªìπ‡ªÑ“À¡“¬À≈—°Õ’°ª√–°“√ Àπ÷ËߢÕß°√–∫«π°“√·°â‰¢¥â«¬ √à“ß ICIDH-2 Beta-1 ·≈– Beta-2 „π‡¥◊Õπ¡’π“§¡ 2540 √à“ß Beta-1 ‰¥â∂Ÿ°º≈‘µÕÕ°¡“ ´÷Ëß√«∫√«¡¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–µà“ßÊ ∑’ˉ¥â‡°Á∫®“° ªï∑’˺à“π¡“ √à“ߥ—ß°≈à“«∂Ÿ°π”‡ πÕµàÕ∑’˪√–™ÿ¡°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿß·°â‰¢ ICIDH „π‡¥◊Õπ‡¡…“¬π 2540 À≈—ß®“°π—Èπ®÷߉¥â¡’°“√√«∫√«¡¡µ‘∑’˪√–™ÿ¡ ICIDH-2 √à“ß Beta-1 ®÷߉¥â∂Ÿ°π”ÕÕ°∑¥≈Õß„™â„π ¿“§ π“¡„π‡¥◊Õπ¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π¢Õߪï 2540 ∞“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈·≈– ‘Ëß –∑âÕπ°≈—∫∑—ÈßÀ¡¥‰¥â∂Ÿ°√«∫√«¡®“° °“√∑¥≈Õß„™â Beta-1 „π¿“§ π“¡ ·≈– Beta-2 ‰¥â∂Ÿ°‡¢’¬π¢÷Èπ „π√–À«à“߇¥◊Õπ¡°√“§¡∂÷ß ‡¥◊Õπ‡¡…“¬πªï 2542 ¡’°“√𔇠πÕº≈√à“ß·≈–Õ¿‘ª√“¬µàÕ∑’˪√–™ÿ¡ª√–®”ªï ICIDH-2 „π London ‡¡◊ËÕ‡¥◊Õπ‡¡…“¬πªï 2542 À≈—ß®“°π—Èπ‰¥â¡’°“√√«∫√«¡¡µ‘∑’˪√–™ÿ¡ Beta-2 ®÷߉¥â∂Ÿ°®—¥ æ‘¡æå·≈–‡ªìπ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ ”À√—∫°“√∑¥≈Õß„™â„π¿“§ π“¡„π‡¥◊Õπ °√°Æ“§¡ 2542 °“√∑¥≈Õß„™â„π¿“§ π“¡ ¡’°“√∑¥≈Õß„™â Beta-1 „π¿“§ π“¡ ‡√‘Ë¡®“°‡¥◊Õπ¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2540 ∂÷߇¥◊Õπ∏—𫓧¡ 2541 ·≈–∑¥≈Õß„™â Beta-2 „π¿“§ π“¡®“°‡¥◊Õπ°√°Ø“§¡ 2542 ∂÷߇¥◊Õπ°—𬓬π 2543 °“√∑¥≈Õß¿“§ π“¡°àÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» ¡“™‘°¢ÕßÕߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°Õ¬à“ß °«â“ߢ«“ß·≈–¢â“¡ “¢“∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π °“√√«¡ à«πµà“ßÊ°—𠇙àπ °“√ª√–°—π ÿ¢¿“æ °“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ ·√ßß“π °“√»÷°…“ ·≈–°≈ÿࡵà“ßÊ„π°“√®—¥≈”¥—∫¢—Èπ‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ (‚¥¬„™â∫—≠™’°“√ ®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß‚√§√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» The International Classification of Diseases °“√ ®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑∑“ß欓∫“≈ The Nurses Classification ¡“µ√∞“π°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß°“√ »÷°…“ √–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» The International Standard Classification of Education) ‚¥¬¡’®ÿ¥ ¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√∑’Ë®–„À≥⡓´÷Ëߧ«“¡‡ÀÁπæâÕßµâÕß°—π „π°“√°”À𥧔®”°—¥§«“¡∑’Ë™—¥‡®π “¡“√∂ 𔉪„™âªØ‘∫—µ‘‰¥â °“√∑¥≈Õß„™â„π¿“§ π“¡ ∑”„À⇰‘¥°√–∫«π°“√æ—≤π“Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß °“√ª√÷°…“ À“√◊Õ °“√ àߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈°≈—∫ °“√∑—π‡Àµÿ°“√≥å·≈–°“√∑¥ Õ∫ °“√∑¥≈Õß„™â Beta-1 ·≈– Beta-2 ‰¥â¡’°“√»÷°…“‡√◊ËÕßµà“ßÊ ¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ë °“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈ °“√·ª≈·≈–¿“…“»“ µ√å ë °“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈‡π◊ÈÕ‡√◊ËÕß ë µÕ∫§”∂“¡æ◊Èπ∞“π‚¥¬„™âº≈°“√‡ÀÁπæâÕßµâÕß°—π¢Õß∑’˪√–™ÿ¡µà“ßÊ ·≈–∫ÿ§§≈µà“ßÊ

248 Summary of the rrevision process ICF

feedback from organizations and individuals; options testing; feasibility and reliability in case evaluations (live or case summaries); others (e.g. focus group studies)

The testing focused on cross-cultural and multisectoral issues. More than 50 countries and 1800 experts were involved in the field tests, which have been reported separately.

ICIDH-2 Prefinal version

On the basis of Beta-2 field trial data and in consultation with collaborating centres and the WHO Committee of Experts on Measurement and Classification, the Prefinal version of ICIDH-2 was drafted in October 2000. This draft was presented to a revision meeting in November 2000. Following incorporation of the meeting’s recommendations the ICIDH-2 Prefinal version (December 2000) was submitted to the WHO Executive Board in January 2001. The final draft of ICIDH-2 was then presented to the Fifty-fourth World Health Assembly in May 2001.

Endorsement of the final version

After discussion of the final draft, with the title International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, the Health Assembly endorsed the new classification in resolution WHA54.21 of 22 May 2001. The resolution reads as follows:

The Fifty-fourth World Health Assembly,

1. ENDORSES the second edition of the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH), with the title International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, henceforth referred to in short as ICF;

2. URGES Member States to use the ICF in their research, surveillance and reporting as appropriate, taking into account specific situations in Member States and, in particular, in view of possible future revisions;

3. REQUESTS the Director-General to provide support to Member States, at their request, in making use of ICF.

249 ICF √ÿª°√–∫«π°“√·°â‰¢ª√—∫ª√ÿß ë °“√ –∑âÕπ°≈—∫®“°Õߧå°√µà“ßÊ ·≈–∫ÿ§§≈µà“ßÊ ë °“√∑¥ Õ∫∑“߇≈◊Õ°µà“ßÊ ë §«“¡‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â·≈–§«“¡‡∑’ˬߵ√ß„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘π°√≥’»÷°…“µà“ßÊ (™’«‘µÀ√◊Õ √ÿª°√≥’»÷°…“ µà“ßÊ) ë Õ◊ËπÊ (‡™àπ °“√»÷°…“°≈ÿࡇªÑ“À¡“¬µà“ßÊ) °“√∑¥ Õ∫¡ÿà߇πâπ∫π«—≤π∏√√¡∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π·≈–‡π◊ÈÕÀ“∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬ ‚¥¬¡’ª√–‡∑»¡“°°«à“ 50 ª√–‡∑»·≈–ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¡“°°«à“ 1,800 §π ∑”°“√∑¥ Õ∫¿“§ π“¡´÷Ëßµà“ß°Á·¬°√“¬ß“πº≈ ICIDH-2 ©∫—∫°àÕπ ÿ¥∑⓬ ∫πæ◊Èπ∞“π¢ÕߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈°“√∑¥ Õ∫ Beta-2 „π¿“§ π“¡·≈–°“√ª√÷°…“°—π√–À«à“ß»Ÿπ¬å°≈“ߥ”‡π‘π °“√µà“ßÊ ·≈–§≥–°√√¡°“√¢ÕߺŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠„π¥â“π°“√«—¥º≈·≈–°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°‰¥â √à“ß ICIDH-2 ©∫—∫°àÕπ ÿ¥∑⓬„π‡¥◊Õπµÿ≈“§¡ 2543 √à“ß©∫—∫π’È ‰¥â∂Ÿ°π”‡ πÕ µàÕ∑’˪√–™ÿ¡°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿß·°â‰¢„π‡¥◊Õπ惻®‘°“¬π 2543 ‡¡◊ËÕµ‘¥µ“¡ √«∫√«¡¢âÕ§‘¥‡ÀÁπ®“°°“√ ª√–™ÿ¡ ICIDH-2 (∏—𫓧¡ 2543) ©∫—∫°àÕπ ÿ¥∑⓬∑’ˇ πÕµàÕ§≥–°√√¡°“√∫√‘À“√¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°„π‡¥◊Õπ¡°√“§¡ 2544 √à“ß ICIDH-2 ©∫—∫ ÿ¥∑⓬‰¥â∂Ÿ°π”‡ πÕµàÕ∑’˪√–™ÿ¡ ¡—™™“ Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°§√—Èß∑’Ë 4 „π‡¥◊Õπ情¿“§¡ 2544 °“√√—∫√à“ß©∫—∫ ÿ¥∑⓬ À≈—ß°“√«‘æ“°…å√à“ß©∫—∫ ÿ¥∑⓬¥â«¬™◊ËÕ«à“ ∫—≠™’ “°≈¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ §«“¡æ‘°“√·≈– ÿ¢¿“æ (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) ¡—™™“ ÿ¢¿“æ ‰¥â√—∫∫—≠™’°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑„À¡àπ’È ¿“¬„µâ≠—µµ‘∑’Ë WHA54.21 ¢Õß«—π ∑’Ë 22 情¿“§¡ 2544 ≠—µµ‘¥—ß°≈à“«¡’„®§«“¡¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È °“√ª√–™ÿ¡ ¡—™™“ Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° §√—Èß∑’Ë Àâ“ ‘∫ ’Ë 1. ‡ÀÁπ™Õ∫ ∫—≠™’ “°≈°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß §«“¡æ‘°“√·≈–§«“¡¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ (ICIDH) ∑’Ë®—¥æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 2 ‚¥¬¡’™◊ËÕ‡√’¬°«à“ ∫—≠™’ “°≈¢Õß°“√®”·π°°“√∑”ß“π ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ §«“¡æ‘°“√·≈– ÿ¢¿“æ ´÷Ëß®–„™â™◊ËÕ¬àÕ«à“ ICF 2. °√–µÿâπ ª√–‡∑» ¡“™‘°„Àâ„™â ICF „π°“√∑”«‘®—¬µ‘¥µ“¡·≈–√“¬ß“πµ“¡§«“¡‡À¡“– ¡ ‚¥¬„À⧔π÷ß∂÷ß ∂“π°“√≥凩擖 „π·µà≈–ª√–‡∑» ¡“™‘°·≈–‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ¬à“߬‘Ëß„π¡ÿ¡¡ÕߢÕß §«“¡‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â„π°“√·°â‰¢„πÕ𓧵¥â«¬ 3. ¢Õ√âÕߺŸâÕ”π«¬°“√∑—Ë«‰ª‡µ√’¬¡ π—∫ πÿπ ‘Ëß∑’˪√–‡∑» ¡“™‘°√âÕߢՄπ°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√‡æ◊ËÕ „™â ICF ¥â«¬

249 Future directions for ICF ICF Annex 8 Future directions for ICF

Use of ICF will largely depend on its practical utility: the extent to which it can serve as a measure of health service performance through indicators based on consumer outcomes, and the degree to which it is applicable across cultures so that international comparisons can be made to identify needs and resources for planning and research. ICF is not directly a political tool. Its use may, however, contribute positive input to policy determination by providing information to help establish health policy, promote equal opportunities for all people, and support the fight against discrimination based on disability.

Versions of ICF

In view of the differing needs of different types of users, ICF will be presented in multiple formats and versions:

Main classification

The two parts and their components in ICF are presented in two versions in order to meet the needs of different users for varying levels of detail:

The first version is a full (detailed) version which provides all levels of classification and allows for 9999 categories per component. However, a much smaller number of them have been used. The full version categories can be aggregated into the short version when summary information is required.

The second version is a short (concise) version which gives two levels of categories for each component and domain. Definitions of these terms, inclusions and exclusions are also given.

Specific adaptations (a) Clinical use versions: These versions will depend on the use of ICF in different clinical application fields (e.g. occupational therapy). They will be based on the main volume for coding and terminology; however, they will provide further detailed information such as guidelines for assessment and clinical descriptions. They can also be rearranged for specific disciplines (e.g. rehabilitation, mental health). (b) Research versions: In a similar way to the clinical versions, these versions will respond to specific research needs and will provide precise and operational definitions to assess conditions.

250 ICF ∑‘»∑“ß„πÕ𓧵¢Õß ICF ¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 8 ∑‘»∑“ß„πÕ𓧵¢Õß ICF °“√∑’Ë ICF ®–∂Ÿ°π”‰ª„™âÕ¬à“ß·æ√àÀ≈“¬À√◊Õ‰¡àπ—Èπ ¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫ª√–‚¬™πå„π∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘ : √–¥—∫§«“¡ “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–π”¡“„™â„π°“√∑’Ë®–«—¥ ¡√√∂¿“æ ¢Õß°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√∑“ߥâ“π ÿ¢¿“æ ‚¥¬„™âµ—«™’È«—¥∑’Ë∂Ÿ° °”Àπ¥¢÷Èπ¡“ ®“°º≈≈—æ∏å¢ÕߺŸâ∫√‘‚¿§·≈–¢¥§«“¡ “¡“√∂∑’ ®–π”¡“ª√’Ë —∫„™â„π«—≤π∏√√¡∑’˵à“ßÊ °—π ´÷Ëß®–∑”„Àâ “¡“√∂π”¡“‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»µà“ßÊ ‡æ◊ËÕª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√∑’Ë®–»÷°…“¥Ÿ §«“¡µâÕß°“√·≈–∑√—欓°√ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√«“ß·ºπ·≈–°“√§âπ§«â“«‘®—¬ ICF ‰¡à„™à‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑“ß°“√ ‡¡◊Õß‚¥¬µ√ß ·µàÕ“®®– “¡“√∂π”¡“‡ªìπ‰¥â Õ¬à“߉√°Á¥’Õ“®®– “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â „π°“√°”Àπ¥ π‚¬∫“¬„π·ßà∫«° ¥â«¬°“√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ ‡æ◊Ëՙ૬°”Àπ¥π‚¬∫“¬ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ π—∫ πÿπ °“√„Àâ‚Õ°“ ∑’ˇ∑à“‡∑’¬¡°—π ”À√—∫∑ÿ°§π·≈– π—∫ πÿπ°“√µàÕ Ÿâ°—∫°“√°’¥°—πÀ√◊Õ‡≈◊Õ°ªØ‘∫—µ‘µàÕ ∫ÿ§§≈æ‘°“√ ICF ©∫—∫µà“ßÊ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√∑’Ë¡’§«“¡µâÕß°“√µà“ßÊ °—π ”À√—∫ºŸâ„™â®“°À≈“¬Ê “¢“Õ“™’æ ®÷ß∑”„À⇰‘¥¡’ ICF „πÀ≈“¬√Ÿª·∫∫ ·≈– À≈“¬ ©∫—∫ ∫—≠™’·¬°ª√–‡¿∑„À≠à à«π∑—Èß Õß·≈–Õߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õß ICF ∂Ÿ°π”‡ πÕ‡ªìπ Õß©∫—∫ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâµ√ß°—∫§«“¡µâÕß°“√¢ÕߺŸâ „™âµà“ßÊ °—𠵓¡√–¥—∫¢Õߧ«“¡≈–‡Õ’¬¥ : ©∫—∫·√° ‡ªìπ·∫∫©∫—∫ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å ´÷Ëߪ√–°Õ∫‰ª¥â«¬ ·¬°ª√–‡¿∑ ∑ÿ°√–¥—∫∑’Ë¡’°“√·¬°™π‘¥ÕÕ°‰ª ‰¥â∂÷ß 9999 ™π‘¥ µàÕÕߧåª√–°Õ∫Àπ÷ËßÊ Õ¬à“߉√°Á¥’ ‰¡à§àÕ¬¡’°“√„™â°—ππ—° ICF ©∫—∫ ¡∫Ÿ√≥åπ’È “¡“√∂π”¡“√«¡„™â„π©∫—∫¬àÕ ‡¡◊ËÕµâÕß°“√¢âÕ √ÿª¢ÕߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ ©∫—∫∑’Ë Õ߇ªìπ©∫—∫¬àÕ ´÷Ëß„π·µà≈–Õߧåª√–°Õ∫·≈–¡‘µ‘®–¡’°“√·¬°™π‘¥ÕÕ°‰ª Õß™π‘¥ πÕ°®“° π’Ȭ—߉¥â„À⧔®”°—¥§«“¡ ·≈– ‘Ëß∑’Ë√«¡À√◊Õ‰¡à√«¡„ÀâÕ¬Ÿà„π·µà≈–™π‘¥ °“√ª√—∫‡©æ“–‡√◊ËÕß (a) ©∫—∫∑’Ë„™â„π∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å : ®–·µ°µà“ß°—π‰ªµ“¡°“√𔉪„™â„π “¢“∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å ∑’˵à“ß°—π‰ª ·µà®–„™âÀ≈—°¢Õß ICF ©∫—∫À≈—° ”À√—∫°“√„Àâ√À— ·≈–°“√∫—≠≠—µ‘ »—æ∑å : Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡§«√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡∑’Ë≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢÷È𠇙àπ °“√„Àâ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈·≈–°“√„À⧔Õ∏‘∫“¬„π∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å πÕ°®“°¬—ß “¡“√∂∑’Ë®– ‡√’¬∫‡√’¬ß„À¡à ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â°—∫ “¢“°“√·æ∑¬å‡©æ“–∑“ß (‡™àπ °“√øóôπøŸ ¡√√∂¿“æ·≈– ÿ¢¿“殑µ) (b) ©∫—∫∑’Ë„™â ”À√—∫°“√«‘®—¬ : „π∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—π°—∫©∫—∫∑’Ë„™â„π∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å „π©∫—∫π’È ®–‡ªìπ°“√ª√—∫‡æ◊ËÕ°“√π”¡“„™â „π°“√∑”«‘®—¬‡©æ“– ·≈–§«√®–„Àâ𑬓¡ªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√∑’Ë ∂Ÿ°µâÕß ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘π ∂“π°“√≥嵓ßÊà

250 Future directions for ICF ICF

Future work

Given the multitude of uses and needs for ICF, it is important to note that WHO and its collaborating centres are conducting additional work to meet those needs.

ICF is owned by all its users. It is the only such tool accepted on an international basis. It aims to obtain better information on disability phenomena and functioning and build a broad international consensus. To achieve recognition of ICF by various national and international communities, WHO has made every effort to ensure that it is user-friendly and compatible with standardization processes such as those laid down by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

The possible future directions for development and application of ICF can be summarized as follows: promoting use of ICF at country level for the development of national databases; establishing an international data set and a framework to permit international comparisons; identification of algorithms for eligibility for social benefits and pensions; study of disability and functioning of family members (e.g. a study of third- party disability due to the health condition of significant others); development of a Personal Factors component; development of precise operational definitions of categories for research purposes; development of assessment instruments for identification and measurement;23 providing practical applications by means of computerization and case- recording forms; establishing links with quality-of-life concepts and the measurement of subjective well-being;24 research into treatment or intervention matching;

23 Assessment instruments linked to ICF are being developed by WHO with a view to applicability in different cultures. They are being tested for reliability and validity. Assessment instruments will take three forms: a brief version for screening/case-finding purposes; a version for daily use by care-givers; and a long version for detailed research purposes. They will be available from WHO.

24 Links with quality of life: It is important that there is conceptual compatibility between “quality of life” and disability constructs. Quality of life, however, deals with what people “feel” about their health condition or its consequences; hence it is a construct of “subjective well-being”. On the other hand, disease/disability constructs refer to objective and exteriorized signs of the individual.

251 ICF ∑‘»∑“ß„πÕ𓧵¢Õß ICF ß“π„πÕ𓧵 ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√„™â·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬¢Õß ICF ∑“ßÕߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°·≈–»Ÿπ¬åª√– “π ß“πµà“ßÊ ¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ °”≈—ߥ”‡π‘π°“√∑”ß“π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇪ìπ‰ªµ“¡§«“¡µâÕß°“√µà“ßÊ ‡À≈à“π—Èπ ºŸâ„™â (ICF) µà“ß°Á‡ªìπ‡®â“¢Õß ICF ´÷Ëß ICF ‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ™π‘¥‡¥’¬«„π≈—°…≥–π’È∑’ˇªìπ∑’ˬա√—∫„π √–¥—∫π“π“™“µ‘ ‚¥¬¡’‡ªÑ“ª√– ߧå°Á§◊Õ°“√„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß¡“°¢÷Èπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫ª√“°Ø°“√≥å §«“¡æ‘°“√·≈–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–„À⇰‘¥°“√¬Õ¡√—∫√à«¡°—π„π√–¥—∫√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ ICF ‡ªìπ∑’ˬա√—∫„π√–¥—∫™“µ‘·≈–√–¥—∫π“π“™“µ‘ Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° ‰¥â„™â§«“¡æ¬“¬“¡Õ¬à“ß ‡µÁ¡∑’Ë„π°“√∑’Ë®–„Àâßà“¬µàÕ°“√„™âß“π·≈– “¡“√∂„™â√à«¡°—π‡ªπ°√–∫«π°“√¡“µ√∞“π¥ì —߇™àπ¢Õß Õߧ尓√√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» ”À√—∫¡“µ√∞“π “°≈ (ISO) ∑‘»∑“ß∑’ˇªìπ‰ª‰¥â„πÕ𓧵 ¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“ ·≈– °“√„™â ICF “¡“√∂π”¡“ √ÿª‰¥â¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ë π—∫ πÿπ°“√„™â ICF „π√–¥—∫™“µ‘ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√æ—≤π“∞“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„π√–¥—∫™“µ‘ ë ®—¥µ—Èß™ÿ¥¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–°√Õ∫¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ “¡“√∂𔉪‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ °—π√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»‰¥â ë °“√µ—È߰Ƈ°≥±å¢Õß°“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ° ”À√—∫ºŸâ∑’Ë¡’ ‘∑∏‘„π°“√√—∫∫”‡ÀπÁ®∫”π“≠·≈–º≈ ª√–‚¬™πå¢Õß —ߧ¡ ë »÷°…“„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕߧ«“¡æ‘°“√·≈–º≈∑’Ë¡’µàÕ ¡“™‘°„π§√Õ∫§√—« (µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ °“√»÷°…“ ‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡æ‘°“√„π∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë “¡ ®–𔉪 Ÿàªí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æÕ◊ËπÊ∑’Ë ”§—≠) ë æ—≤π“‡√◊ËÕߢÕßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫ªí®®—¬¥â“π à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ë æ—≤π“‡√◊ËÕß𑬓¡ªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√¢Õß°“√®—¥À¡«¥À¡Ÿà∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬∂Ÿ°µâÕß ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√«‘®—¬ ë æ—≤π“‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘π ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫àß™’È·≈–°“√«—¥23 ë »÷°…“À“«‘∏’°“√∑’Ë„™âß“π‰¥â –¥«° ‡™à𠂪√·°√¡§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√åÀ√◊Õ·∫∫øÕ√å¡„π°“√∫—π∑÷° ¢Õ¡â ≈Ÿ ë ‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß§«“¡‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß√–À«à“ß·π«§‘¥¢Õߧÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘µ·≈–°“√«—¥§à“¢Õß°“√¡’ ÿ¢¿“æ ∑¥’Ë ’24 ë °“√«‘®—¬ „π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°“√√—°…“À√◊Õπ«—µ°√√¡∑’˵√ß°—π

23 Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° ‰¥âæ—≤𓇧√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈¢Õß ICF ‡æ◊ËÕπ”¡“„™â„π«—≤π∏√√¡µà“ßÊ °—π·≈–°”≈—߉¥â√—∫°“√∑¥ Õ∫ ‡æ◊ËÕ¥Ÿ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∂◊Õ‰¥â·≈–§«“¡∂Ÿ°µâÕß ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈π’È®–·∫àßÕÕ°‡ªìπ 3 ·∫∫§◊Õ : ©∫—∫¬àÕ‡æ◊ËÕ®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√ ◊∫(À“) §âπ °“√(§—¥)À“°√≥’µà“ßÊ : ·∫∫∑’Ë Õ߇æ◊ËÕ°“√„™âª√–®”«—π ”À√—∫ºŸâ¥Ÿ·≈ : ·≈–·∫∫¬“« ‡æ◊ËÕ) ”À√—∫„™â„πß“π«‘®—¬Õ¬à“ß≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ´÷Ëß∑“ß Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°®–æ‘¡æå·®°®à“¬„π‚Õ°“ µàÕ‰ª 24 °“√‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß°—∫‡√◊ËÕߢÕߧÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘µ : ‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß ”§—≠∑’Ë·π«§‘¥¢Õß ç §ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘µé ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ߧ«“¡æ‘°“√ ®–π”¡“„™â√à«¡°—π‰¥â §ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘µ®–‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈√Ÿâ ÷° ç¥’é °—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßµπ‡Õß ´÷Ë߇ªìπ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ç§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà∑’Ë¥’„π‡™‘ßπ“¡∏√√¡é „π ¢≥–∑’Ë ‡√◊ËÕߢÕß‚√§/§«“¡æ‘°“√ ®–Õâ“ß∂÷ß ‘Ëß∑’Ë¡Õ߇ÀÁπ·≈–¡’≈—°…≥–®—∫µâÕ߉¥â·µà≈–∫ÿ§§≈

251 Future directions for ICF ICF

promoting use in scientific studies for comparison between different health conditions; development of training materials on the use of ICF; creation of ICF training and reference centres worldwide. further research on environmental factors to provide the necessary detail for use in describing both the standardized and current environment.

252 ICF ∑‘»∑“ß„πÕ𓧵¢Õß ICF ë π—∫ πÿπ°“√«‘®—¬ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫„π‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢ ÿ¢¿“æµà“ßÊ °—π ë æ—≤π“À“«— ¥ÿ ”À√—∫°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡°“√„™â ICF ë ®—¥µ—Èß»Ÿπ¬å°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡·≈–»Ÿπ¬åÕâ“ßÕ‘ß ICF ∑—Ë«‚≈° ë °“√«‘®—¬‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∑’Ë„Àâ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡æ’¬ßæÕµàÕ°“√∫√√¬“¬ ∑—Èß„π à«π∑’ˇªìπ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∑’ˇªìπ¡“µ√∞“π ·≈– ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„πªí®®ÿ∫—π

252 ICF Data requirements ICF Annex 9 Suggested ICF Data requ ireme nts for idea l and minimal health information systems or survey s Body Functions Chapter and code Classification block or category and Structures Vision 2 b210–b220 Seeing and related functions Hearing 2 b230–b240 Hearing and vestibular functions Speech 3 b310-b340 Voice and speech functions Digestion 5 b510–b535 Functions of the digestive system Bodily excretion 6 b610–b630 Urinary functions Fertility 6 b640–b670 Genital and reproductive functions Sexual activity 6 b640 Genital and reproductive health Skin and 8 b810–b830 Skin and related structures disfigurement Breathing 4 b440–b460 Functions of the respiratory system Pain* 2b280 Pain Affect* 1b152–b180 Specific mental functions Sleep 1 b134 Global mental functions Energy/vitality 1 b130 Global mental functions Cognition * 1 b140, b144,b164 Attention, memory and higher–level cognitive functions Activities and Participation Communication 3 d310–d345 Communication receiving – producing Mobility* 4d450–d465 Walking and moving Dexterity 4 d430–d445 Carrying, moving and handling objects Self-care* 5d510–d570 Self-care Usual activities* 6 and 8 Domestic life; Major life areas Interpersonal 7d730–d770 Particular interpersonal relationships relations Social functioning 9 d910–d930 Community social and civic life

*Candidate items for a minimal list

253 ICF ¢âÕ·π–𔇰’ˬ«°—∫°“√„™â¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ICF ¿“§ºπ«°∑’Ë 9 ¢âÕ·π–π” : °“√„™â¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ICF ”À√—∫√–∫∫ “√ π‡∑» ÿ¢¿“æÕ¬à“߬àÕ ·≈–„πÕÿ¥¡§µ‘ À√◊Õ ”À√—∫°“√ ”√«®µà“ßÊ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ∫∑∑’Ë·≈–√À— °≈ÿà¡°“√®”·π° À√◊ÕÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß °“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ 2 b210-b220 °“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ·≈–°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß °“√‰¥¬â π‘ 2 b230-b240 °“√‰¥â¬‘π·≈–°“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∑√ßµ—« °“√查 3 b310-b340 ‡ ’¬ß·≈–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√查 °“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ 5 b510-b535 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ °“√¢—∫∂à“¬¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ 6 b610-b630 °“√∑”ß“π„π°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– °“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå 6 b640-b670 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–‡æ»·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå °‘®°√√¡∑“ß‡æ» 6 b640 ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–‡æ»·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå º‘«Àπ—ß·≈– 8 b810-b830 º‘«Àπ—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß °“√‡ ’¬√Ÿª√à“ß °“√À“¬„® 4 b440-b460 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫°“√À“¬„® §«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ 2 b280 §«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° 1 b152-b180 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵∑’ˇ©æ“–‡®“–®ß °“√πÕπ 1 b134 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ æ≈—ßß“π/°”≈—ß 1 b130 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ °“√√—∫√Ÿâ 1 b140 ,b144, b164 °“√µ◊Ëπµ—« §«“¡®”·≈–°“√√∫√— Ÿâ„π√–¥—∫ Ÿß °‘®°√√¡·≈– °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ 3 d310-d345 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√, °“√√—∫·≈–°“√ àß °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë 4 d450-d465 °“√‡¥‘π·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« §«“¡§≈àÕß·§≈à« 4 d430-d445 °“√¬° °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ·≈–°“√®—∫ ‘ËߢÕß °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß 5 d510-d570 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß °®°√√¡∑‘ «‰ª—Ë 6 ·≈– 8 ™’«‘µ„π∑’Ëæ—° : “√– ”§—≠¢Õß™’«‘µ §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ 7 d730-d770 §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√à«¡√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈·∫∫‡©æ“– °‘®°√√¡„π —ߧ¡ 9 d910-d930 ™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π·≈–∞“π–æ≈‡¡◊Õß

* √“¬°“√∑’Ë𔇠πÕ ”À√—∫∫—≠™’¬àÕ

253 Acknowledgements ICF Appendix 10 Acknowledgements

The development of ICF would not have been possible without the extensive support of many people from different parts of the world who have devoted a great amount of time and energy and organized resources within an international network. While it may not be possible to acknowledge them all here, leading centres, organizations and individuals are listed below.

WHO Collaborating Centres for ICF

Australia Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, GPO Box 570, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. Contact: Ros Madden.

Canada Canadian Institute for Health Information, 377 Dalhousie Street, Suite 200, Ottawa, Ontario KIN9N8, Canada. Contact: Helen Whittome.

France Centre Technique National d`Etudes et de Recherches sur les Handicaps et les Inadaptations (CTNERHI), 236 bis, rue de Tolbiac, 75013 Paris, France. Contact: Marc Maudinet.

Japan Japan College of Social Work, 3-1-30 Takeoka, Kiyose-city, Tokyo 204-8555, Japan. Contact: Hisao Sato.

Netherlands National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Public Health Forecasting, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. Contacts: Willem M. Hirs, Marijke W. de Kleijn-de Vrankrijker.

Nordic countries Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala Science Park, SE 75185 Uppsala, Sweden. Contact: Björn Smedby.

United Kingdom National Health System Information Authority, Coding of Great Britain and Classification, Woodgate, Loughborough, Leics LE11 and Northern 2TG, United Kingdom. Contacts: Ann Harding, Jane Ireland Millar.

USA National Center for Health Statistics, Room 1100, 6525 Belcrest Road, Hyattsville MD 20782, USA. Contact: Paul J. Placek.

254 ICF Acknowledgements°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“»

Task forces

International Task Force on Mental Health and Addictive, Behavioural, Cognitive, and Developmental Aspects of ICIDH, Chair: Cille Kennedy, Office of Disability, Aging and Long-Term Care Policy, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, Department of Health and Human Services, 200 Independence Avenue, SW, Room 424E, Washington, DC 20201, USA. Co- Chair: Karen Ritchie.

Children and Youth Task Force, Chair: Rune J. Simeonsson, Professor of Education, Frank Porter Graham Child Development Center, CB # 8185, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-8185, USA. Co-Chair: Matilde Leonardi.

Environmental Factors Task Force, Chair: Rachel Hurst, 11 Belgrave Road, London SW1V 1RB, England. Co-Chair: Janice Miller.

Networks

La Red de Habla Hispana en Discapacidades (The Spanish Network). Coordinator: José Luis Vázquez-Barquero, Unidad de Investigacion en Psiquiatria Clinical y Social Hospital Universitario "Marques de Valdecilla", Avda. Valdecilla s/n, Santander 39008, Spain.

Council of Europe Committee of Experts for the Application of ICIDH, Council of Europe, F-67075, Strasbourg, France. Contact: Lauri Sivonen.

Nongovernmental organizations

American Psychological Association, 750 First Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20002-4242, USA. Contacts: Geoffrey M. Reed, Jayne B. Lux.

Disabled Peoples International, 11 Belgrave Road, London SW1V 1RB, England. Contact: Rachel Hurst.

European Disability Forum, Square Ambiorix, 32 Bte 2/A, B-1000, Bruxelles, Belgium. Contact: Frank Mulcahy.

European Regional Council for the World Federation of Mental Health (ERCWFM), Blvd Clovis N.7, 1000 Brussels, Belgium. Contact: John Henderson.

Inclusion International, 13D Chemin de Levant, F-01210 Ferney-Voltaire, France. Contact: Nancy Breitenbach

Rehabilitation International, 25 E. 21st Street, New York, NY 10010, USA. Contact: Judith Hollenweger, Chairman, RI Education Commission, Institute of

255 Acknowledgements ICF

Special Education, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 48, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland.

Consultants

A number of WHO consultants provided invaluable assistance in the revision process. They are listed below.

Elizabeth Badley

Jerome E. Bickenbach

Nick Glozier

Judith Hollenweger

Cille Kennedy

Jane Millar

Janice Miller

Jürgen Rehm

Robin Room

Angela Roberts

Michael F. Schuntermann

Robert Trotter II

David Thompson (editorial consultant)

Translation of ICF in WHO official languages

ICF has been revised in multiple languages taking English as a working language only. Translation and linguistic analysis have been integral part of the revision process. The following WHO collaborators have lead the translation, linguistic analyses, editorial review the WHO official languages. Other translations could be found on the WHO-web site: http://www.who.int/classification/icf.

Arabic

Translation and linguistic analysis: Adel Chaker, Ridha Limem, Najeh Daly, Hayet Baachaoui, Amor Haji, Mohamed Daly, Jamil Taktak, Saïda Douki

256 ICF Acknowledgements°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“»

Editorial review carried out by WHO/EMRO: Kassem Sara, M. Haytham Al Khayat, Abdel Aziz Saleh

Chinese

Translation and linguistic analysis: Qiu Zhuoying (co-ordinator), Hong Dong, Zhao Shuying, Li Jing, Zhang Aimin, Wu Xianguang, Zhou Xiaonan

Editorial review carried out by WHO Collaborating Centre in China and WHO/WPRO: Dong Jingwu, Zhou Xiaonan and Y.C. Chong

French

Translation and linguistic analysis carried out by WHO Geneva: Pierre Lewalle

Editorial review carried out by WHO Collaborating Centres in France and Canada: Catherine Barral and Janice Miller

Russian

Translation and linguistic analysis: G. Shostka (Co-ordinator), Vladimir Y. Ryasnyansky, Alexander V. Kvashin, Sergey A. Matveev, Aleksey A. Galianov

Editorial review carried out by WHO Collaborating Centre in Russia: Vladimir K. Ovcharov

Spanish

Translation, linguistic analysis, editorial review by the Collaborating Centre in Spain in collaboration with La Red de Habla Hispana en Discapacidades (The Spanish Network) and WHO/PAHO: J. L. Vázquez-Barquero (Co-ordinator), Ana Díez Ruiz, Luis Gaite Pindado, Ana Gómez Silió, Sara Herrera Castanedo, Marta Uriarte Ituiño, Elena Vázquez Bourgon Armando Vásquez, María del Consuelo Crespo, Ana María Fossatti Pons, Benjamín Vicente, Pedro Rioseco, Sergio Aguilar Gaxiola, Carmen Lara Muñoz, María Elena Medina Mora, María Esther Araujo Bazán, Carlos Castillo-Salgado, Roberto Becker, Margaret Hazlewood

257 Acknowledgements ICF

Individual participants in the revision process

Argentina Hélène Bergeron Colleen Watters Liliana Lissi Jerome E. Bickenbach Martha Adela Mazas Andra Blanchet Chile Miguela Pico Maurice Blouin Ricardo Araya Ignacio Saenz Mario Bolduc (deceased) Alejandra Faulbaum Lucie Brosseau Luis Flores Armenia Roxane Moncayo de Armen Sargsyan T.S. Callanan Lindsay Campbell Bremont Australia Anne Carswell Pedro Rioseco Gavin Andrews Jacques Cats Benjamin Vicente Robyne Burridge L.S. Cherry China Ching Choi René Cloutier Zhang Aimin Prem K. Chopra Albert Cook Mary Chu Manlai Jeremy Couper Jacques Côté Hong Dong Elisabeth Davis Marcel Côté Leung Kwokfai Maree Dyson Cheryl Cott Karen Ngai Ling Rhonda Galbally Aileen Davis Wu Xuanguong Louise Golley Henry Enns Qiu Zhuoying Tim Griffin Gail Finkel Zhao Shuying Simon Haskell Christine Fitzgerald Li Jing Angela Hewson Patrick Fougeyrollas Tang Xiaoquan Tracie Hogan Adele Furrie Li Jianjun Richard Madden Linda Garcia Ding Buotan Ros Madden Yhetta Gold Zhuo Dahong Helen McAuley Betty Havens Nan Dengkun Trevor Parmenter Anne Hébert Zhou Xiaonan Mark Pattison Peter Henderson Tony M. Pinzone Lynn Jongbloed Colombia Kate Senior Faith Kaplan Martha Aristabal Gomez Catherine Sykes Ronald Kaplan John Taplin Lee Kirby Côte d’Ivoire John Walsh Catherine Lachance B. Claver Jocelyne Lacroix Austria Croatia Renée Langlois Ana Bobinac-Georgievski Gerhard S. Barolin Mary Law Klemens Fheodoroff Lucie Lemieux-Brassard Cuba Christiane Meyer- Annette Majnemer Pedro Valdés Sosa Bornsen Rose Martini Jesús Saiz Sánchez Belgium Raoul Martin-Blouin Frank Morales Aguilera Mary Ann McColl Françoise Jan Denmark Catherine Mollman Joan McComas Barbara McElgunn Terkel Andersen J. Stevens Aksel Bertelsen A. Tricot Janice Miller Louise Ogilvie Tora Haraldsen Dahl Brazil Luc Noreau Marianne Engberg Cassia Maria Buchalla Diane Richler Annette Flensborg E. d’Arrigo Busnello Laurie Ringaert Ane Fink Ricardo Halpern Kathia Roy Per Fink Fabio Gomes Patricia Sisco Lise From Ruy Laurenti Denise Smith Jette Haugbølle Ginette St Michel Stig Langvad Canada Debra Stewart Lars von der Lieth Hugh Anton Luz Elvira Vallejo Kurt Møller J. Arboleda-Florez Echeverri Claus Vinther Nielsen Denise Avard Michael Wolfson Freddy Nielsen Elizabeth Badley Sharon Wood-Dauphinee Kamilla Rothe Nissen Caroline Bergeron Nancy Young Gunnar Schiøler Peter Wass Anne Sloth

258 ICF Acknowledgements°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“»

Susan Tetler Pierre Mormiche Israel Selena Forchhammer Jean-Michel Orgogozo Joseph Yahav Thønnings Claudine Parayre Eva Wæhrens Gérard Pavillon Italy Brita Øhlenschlæger André Philip Emilio Alari Nicole Quemada Alberto Albanese Ecuador Jean-François Ravaud Renzo Andrich María del Consuelo Karen Ritchie A.Andrigo Crespo Jean-Marie Robine Andrea Arrigo Walter Torres Izquierdo Isabelle Romieu Marco Barbolini Christian Rossignol Maurizio Bejor Egypt Giulio Borgnolo Mohammed El-Banna Pascale Roussel Jacques Roustit Gabriella Borri El Salvador Jésus Sanchez Carlo Caltagirone Jorge Alberto Alcarón Marie-José Schmitt Felicia Carletto Patricia Tovar de Jean-Luc Simon Carla Colombo Canizalez Lauri Sivonen Francesca Cretti Henri-Jacques Stiker Maria Cufersin Ethiopia Annie Triomphe Marta Dao Rene Rakotobe Catherine Vaslin Mario D’Amico Simona Della Bianca Finland Paul Veit Dominique Velche Paolo Di Benedetto Erkki Yrjankeikki Angela Di Lorenzo Markku Leskinen Jean-Pierre Vignat Vivian Waltz Nadia Di Monte Leena Matikka Vittoria Dieni Matti Ojala Germany Antonio Federico Heidi Paatero Helmi Böse-Younes Francesco Fera Seija Talo Horst Dilling Carlo Francescutti Martti Virtanen Thomas Ewert Francesca Fratello France Kurt Maurer Franco Galletti Charles Aussilloux Jürgen Rehm Federica Galli Bernard Azema H.M. Schian Rosalia Gasparotto Jacques Baert Michael F. Maria Teresa Gattesco Serge Bakchine Schuntermann Alessandro Giacomazzi Catherine Barral Ute Siebel Tullio Giorgini Maratine Barres Gerold Stucki Elena Giraudo Jean-Yves Barreyre Lucia Granzini Greece Elena Grosso Jean-Paul Boissin Venos Mavreas François Chapireau V. Groppo Pascal Charpentier Hungary Vincenzo Guidetti Alain Colvez Lajos Kullmann Paolo Guzzon Christian Corbé Leo Giulio Iona Dr. Cyran India Vladimir Kosic Michel Delcey Javed Abidi Matilde Leonardi Annick Deveau Samir Guha-Roy Fulvia Loik Serge Ebersold K.S. Jacob Mariangela Macan Camille Felder Sunanda Koli Alessandra Manassero Claude Finkelstein S. Murthy Domenico Manco Anne-Marie Gallot D.M. Naidu Santina Mancuso Pascale Gilbert Hemraj Pal Roberto Marcovich Jacques Houver K. Sekar Andrea Martinuzzi Marcel Jaeger K.S. Shaji Anna Rosa Melodia Jacques Jonquères Shobha Srinath Rosetta Mussari Jean-Claude Lafon T.N. Srinivasan Cristiana Muzzi Maryvonne Lyazid R. Thara Ugo Nocentini Joëlle Loste-Berdot Emanuela Nogherotto Indonesia Roberta Oretti Maryse Marrière Augustina Hendriarti Lucie Matteodo Lorenzo Panella Marc Maudinet Iran (Islamic Republic Maria Procopio Jean-Michel Mazeaux of) Leandro Provinciali Pierre Minaire(deceased) Mohamed M.R. Mourad Alda Pellegri Lucien Moatti Barbara Reggiori Bertrand Morineaux Marina Sala

259 Acknowledgements ICF

Giorgio Sandrini Jordan J.C. Gerritse Antonio Schindler Abdulla S. T. El-Naggar José Geurts Elena Sinforiani Ziad Subeih G. Gladines Stefano Schierano K.A. Gorter Roberto Sicurelli Kuwa it R.J. de Haan Francesco Talarico Adnan Al Eidan J. Halbertsma Gariella Tavoschi Abdul Aziz Khalaf Karam E.J. van der Haring Cristiana Tiddia Latvia F. G. Hellema Walter Tomazzoli Valda Biedrina C.H. Hens-Versteeg Corrado Tosetto Aldis Dudins Y. F. Heerkens Sergio Ujcich Lolita Cibule Y. Heijnen Maria Rosa Valsecchi Janis Misins W.M. Hirs Irene Vernero Jautrite Karashkevica H. W. Hoek D. van Hoeken Jamaica Mara Ozola Aivars Vetra N. Hoeymans Monica Bartley C. van Hof Japan Lebanon G.R.M. van Hoof Tsunehiko Akamatsu Elie Karam M. Hopman-Rock Masataka Arima A. Kap Lithuania E.J. Karel Hidenobu Fujisono Albinas Bagdonas Katsunori Fujita Zoltan E. Kenessey Shinichiro Furuno Luxembourg M.C.O. Kersten Toshiko Futaki Charles Pull M.W. de Kleijn-de Hajime Hagiwa ra M. De Smedt Vrankrijker Yuichiro Haruna Pascale Straus M.M.Y. de Klerk Hideaki Hyoudou M. Koenen Takashi Iseda Malaysia J.W. Koten Atsuko Ito Sandiyao Sebes tian D.W.Kraijer T. Kraakman Shinya Iwasaki Madagascar Shizuko Kawabata Guuss Lankhorst Caromène Ratomahenina W.A.L. van Leeuwen Yasu Kiryu Ray mond Akira Kodama P. Looijestein Ryousuke Matsui Malta H. Meinardi Ryo Matsutomo Joe M. Pace W. van Minnen Yasushi Mochizuki A.E. Monteny Kazuyo Nakai Mexico I. Oen Kenji Nakamura Juan Alberto Alcantara Wil Ooijendijk Yoshukuni Nakane Jorge Caraveo Anduaga W.J. den Ouden Yukiko Nakanishi María Eugenia Antunez R.J.M. Perenboom Toshiko Niki Fernando R. Jiménez A. Persoon Hidetoshi Nishijima Albarran J.J. v.d. Plaats Shiniti Niwa Gloria Martinez Carrera M. Po olmans Kensaku Ohashi María-Elena Medina F.J. Prinsze Mari Oho Mora C.D. van Ravensberg Yayoi Okawa Carmen E. Lara Muñoz K. Reynders Shuhei Ota K. Ri et- van Hoof Morocco G. Roodbol Fu miko Ri nko Aziza Bennani Junko Sakano G.L. Schut Yoshihiko Sasagawa Netherlands B. Stoelinga Hisao Sa to T. van Achterberg M.M.L. Swart Yoshiyuki Suzuki Jaap van den Berg L. Taal Junko Taguchi A. Bloem hof H. Ten Napel Eiichi Takada Y.M. van der Brug B. Treffers Yuji Takagi R.D. de Boer J. Verhoef Masako Tateishi J.T.P. Bonte A. Vermeer Hikaru Tauchi J.W. Brandsma J.J.G.M. Verwer Miyako Tazaki W.H.E. Buntinx W. Vink Mutsuo Torai J.P.M. Diederiks M. Welle Donker Satoshi Ueda M J Driesse Dirk Wiersma Kousuke Yamazaki Silvia van Duuren- J.P. Wilken Yoshio Yazaki Kristen P.A. van Woudenberg C.M.A. Frederiks P.H.M. Wouters P. Zanstra

260 ICF Acknowledgements°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“»

Nicaragua Peru Sara Herrera Castanedo Elizab eth Aguilar María Esther Araujo Ismael Lastra Martinez Angel Bonilla Serrano Bazon Marta Uriarte Ituiño Ivette Castillo Carlos Bejar Vargas Elena Vázquez Bourgon Héctor Collad o Carmen Cifuentes Antonio León Aguado Hernández Granados Díaz Josefa Conrado Roxana Cock Huaman Carmen Albeza Contreras Brenda Espinoza Lily Pinguz Vergara María Angeles Aldana María Félix Gontol Adriana Rebaza Flores Berberana Mirian Gutiérrez Nelly Roncal Velazco Federico Alonso Trujillo Ro sa Gutiérrez Fernando Urcia Carmen Alvarez Arbesú Carlos Guzmán Fernández Jesus Artal Simon Luis Jara Rosa Zavallos Piedra Enrique Baca Baldomero Raúl Jarq uin Julio Bobes García Norman Lanzas Republic of Korea Antonio Bueno Alcántara José R. Leiva Ack-Seop Lee Tomás Castillo Arenal Rafaela Marenco Romania Valentín Corces Pando María Alejandra Radu Vrasti María Teresa Crespo Martínez Abelleira Marlon Méndez Russia Roberto Cruz Hernández Mercedes Mendoza Vlad imir N. Blondin José Armando De Vierna María José Moreno Aleksey A. Gali an ov Amigo Alejandra Narváez I.Y. Gurovich Manuel Desviat Muñoz Amilkar Obando Mikhail V. Korobov Ana María Díaz García Dulce María Olivas Alexander V. Kvashin María José Ei zmen di Rosa E. Orellana Pavel A. Makkaveysky Apellaniz Yelba Rosa Orozco Sergey A. Matveev Antonio Fernández Mirian Ortiz Alvarado N. Mazaeva Moral Amanda Pastrana Vladimir K. Ovtcharov Manuel A. Franco Martín Marbely Picado S.V. Polubinskaya Luis Gaite Pinadado Susana Rappaciolli Anna G. Ryabokon María Mar García Amigo Esterlina Reyes Vladimir Y. Ryasnyansky José Giner-Ubago Franklin Rivera Alexander V. Shabrov Gregorio Gómez-Jarabo Leda María Rodríguez Georgy D. Shostka José Manuel Gorospe Humberto Román Sergei Tsirkin Arocena Yemira Sequeira Yuri M. Xomarov Juana María Hernández Ivonne Tijerino Alexander Y. Rodríguez Ena Liz Torrez Zemtchenkov Carmen Leal Cercos Rene Urbina Marcelino López Alvarez Luis Velásquez Slovenia Juan José Lopez-Ibor Andreeja Fatur-Videtec Ana María López Trenco Nigeria South Africa Francisco Margallo Polo Sola Akinbiyi Monica Martín Gil John Morakinyo David Boonzaier Gugulethu Gule Miguel Martín A. O. Odejide Zurimendi Olayinka Omigbodun Sebenzile Matsebula Pam McLaren Manuel J. Martínez Norway Siphokazi Gcaza Cardeña Kjetil Bjorlo Phillip Thompson Juan Carlos Miangolarra Torbjorg Hostad Page Kjersti Vik Spain Rosa M.Montoliu Valls Nina Vollesta d Alvaro Bilbao Bilbao Teresa Orihuela Margret Grotle Soukup Encarnación Blanco Villame riel Sigrid Ostensjo Egido Sandra Ortega Mera Ro sa Bravo Ro driguez Gracia Parquiña Pakistan María José Cabo Fernández S. Khan González Rafael Peñalver Malik H. Mubbashar Marta Cano Fernández Castella no Khalid Saeed Laura Cardenal Villalba Jesusa Pertejo Ana Diez Ruiz María Francisca Peydro Philippines Luis Gaite Pindado de Moya L. Ladrigo-Ignacio María García José Ju an Rafael Prie to Patria Medina Ana Gómez Silió Lucena Andres Herran Gómez

261 Acknowledgements ICF

Miguel Querejeta Jamil Taktak Judi Chamberlin González LeeAnne Carrothers Miquel Roca Bennasar Turkey Mary Chamie Francisco Rodríguez Ahmet Gögüs Cecelia B. Collier Pulido Elif Iyriboz William Connors Luis Salvador Carulla Kultegin Ogel John Corrigan María Vicenta Sánchez Berna Ulug Dale Cox de la Cruz United Arab Emirates M. Doreen Croser Francisco Torres Sheika Jamila Bint Al- Eugene D’Angelo González Qassimi Gerben DeJong María Triquell Manuel Jeff rey E. Eva ns José Luis Vázquez- United Kingdom of Timothy G. Evans Barquero Great Britain and Debbie J. Farmer Miguel A.Verdugo Norther n Ireland Michael Feil Alonso Simone Aspis Manning Feinleib Carlos Villaro Díaz- Allan Co lver Ri sa Fo x Jiménez Edna Conlan Carol Frattali John E. Cooper Bill Frey Sweden A. John Fox E. Fuller Lars Berg Nick Glozier Cheryl Gagne Ev a Bjorck-Akes son Ann Harding J. Luis Garcia Segura Mats Granlund Rachel Hurst David W. Gately Gunnar Grimby Rachel Jenkins Carol George Arvid Linden Howard Meltzer Olinda Gonzales Anna Christina Nilson Jane Millar Barbara Gottfried (deceased) Peter Mittler Bridget Grant Anita Nilsson Martin Prince Craig Gray Louise Nilunger Angela Roberts David Gray Lennart Nordenfelt G. Stewart Marjorie Greenberg Adolf Ra tzka Wendy Thorne Arlene Greenspan Gunnar Sanner Andrew Walker Frederick Guggenheim Olle Sjögren Brian Williams Neil Hadder Björn Smedby Harlan Hahn Sonja Calais van United States of Robert Haines Stokkom America Laura Lee Hall Gabor Tiroler Harvey Abrams Heather Hancock Myron J. Adams Switzerland Nandini Hawley Michelle Adler Gregory W. Heath André Assimac opoulos Sergio A. Aguilor-Gaxiola Christoph Heinz Gerry Hendershot Barbara Altman Sarah Hershfeld Judith Hollenweger Alicia Amate Hans Peter Rentsch Sarah Hertfelder William Anthony Alexis Henry Thomas Spuhler Susan Spear Basset Werner Steiner Howard Hoffman Frederica Barrows Audrey Holland John Strome Mark Battista John-Paul Vader Joseph G. Hollowell Jr Robert Battjes Andrew Imparato Peter Wehrli Barbara Beck Rudolf Widmer John Jacobson Karin Behe Judith Jaeger Thailand Cynthia D. Belar Alan Jette Poonpit Amatuakul J.G. Benedict J. Rock Johnson Pattariya Jarutat Stanley Berent Gisele Kamanou-Goune C. Panpreecha Linas Bieliauskas Charles Kaelber K. Roongruangmaairat Karen Blair Cille Kennedy Pichai Tangsin F. Bloch Donald G. Kewman Felicia Hill Briggs Michael Kita (deceased) Tunisia Edward P. Burke Edward Knight Adel Chaker Larry Burt Pataricia Kricos Hayet Baachaoui Shane S. Bush Susan Langmore A. Ben Salem Glorisa Canino Mitchell LaPlante Najeh Daly Jean Campbell Itzak Levav Saïda Douki Scott Campbell Brown Renee Levinson Ridha Limam John A. Carpenter Robert Liberman Mhalla Nejia Christine H. Carrington Don Lollar

262 ICF Acknowledgements°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“»

Peter Love Katherin e Verd olini David Lozovsky Can dac e Vickers Perianne Lurie Gloriajean Wallace Jayne B. Lux Robert Walsh Reid Lyon Seth A. Warshausky Anis Maitra Paul Weaver Bob MacBride Patricia Welch Kim MacDonald -Wilson Gale Whiteneck Peggy Maher Tyler Whitney Ronald Manderscheid Brian Williams Kofi Marfo Jan Williams Ana Maria Margueytio Linda Wornall William C. Marrin J. Scott Yaruss John Mather Ilene Zeitzer Maria Christina Louise Zingeser Mathiason John McGinley Uruguay Theresa McKenna Paulo Alterway Christine McKibbin Marta Barera Christopher J. Margot Barrios McLaughlin Daniela Bilbao Laurie McQueen Gladys Curbelo Douglas Moul Ana M. Frappola Peter E. Nathan Ana M. Fosatti Pons Russ Newman Angélica Etcheñique Els R. Nieuwenhuijsen Rosa Gervas io Joan F. van Nostrand Mariela Irigoin Jean Novak Fernando Lavie Patricia Owens Silvia Núñez Alcida Perez de Rossana Pipplol Vela squez Silvana Toledo D. Jesse Peters Vietnam David B. Peterson Nguyen Duc Truyen Harold Pincus Paul Placek Zimbabwe Thomas E. Preston Jennifer Jelsma Maxwell Prince Dorcas Madzivire Jeffrey Pyne Gillian Marks Louis Quatrano Jennifer Muderedzi Juan Ramos Useh Ushotanefe Geoffrey M. Reed Anne Riley Gilberto Romero Patricia Roberts-Rose Mark A. Sandberg Judy Sangl Marian Scheinholtz Karin Schumacher Katherine D. Seelman Raymond Seltser Rune J. Simeonsson Debra Smith Gretchen Swanson Susan Stark Denise G. Tate Travis Threats Cynthia Trask Robert Trotter II R. Alexander Vachon Maureen Valente Paolo del Vecchio Lois Verbrugge

263 Acknowledgements ICF

Organisations of the United Nations system

International Labour Organization (ILO) Susan Parker

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Habibi Gulbadan

United Nations Statistical Division Margarat Mbogoni Joann Vanek

United Nations Statistical Institute for Asia and the Pacific Lau Kak En

United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific Bijoy Chaudhari

World Health Organization

Regional Offices Africa: C. Mandlhate Americas (Pan American Health Organisation): Carlos Castillo-Salgado, Roberto Becker, Margaret Hazlewood, Armando Vázquez Eastern Mediterranean: A. Mohit, Abdel Aziz Saleh, Kassem Sara, M. Haytham Al Khayat Europe: B. Serdar Savas, Anatoli Nossikov South-East Asia: Than Sein, Myint Htwe Western Pacific: R. Nesbit, Y.C. Chong

Headquarters

Various departments at WHO headquarters were involved in the revision process. Individual staff members who contributed to the revision process are listed belowwith their departments are listed below. M. Argandoña, formerly of Department of Substance Abuse Z. Bankowski, Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences J.A. Costa e Silva, formerly Division of Mental Health and Prevention of Substance Abuse

264 ICF Acknowledgements°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“»

S. Clark, Department of Health Information, Management and Dissemination C. Djeddah, Department of Injuries and Violence Prevention A. Goerdt, formerly of Department of Health Promotion M. Goracci, formerly of Department of Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation M. A. Jansen, formerly of Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence A. L’Hours, Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy A. Lopez, Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy J. Matsumoto, Department of External Cooperation and Partnerships C. Mathers, Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy C. Murray, Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy H. Nabulsi, formerly of IMPACT E. Pupulin, Department of Management of Noncommunicable Diseases C. Romer, Department of Injuries and Violence Prevention R. Sadana, Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy B. Saraceno, Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence A. Smith, Department of Management of Noncommunicable Diseases J. Salomon, Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy M. Subramanian, formerly of World Health Reporting M. Thuriaux, formerly of Division of Emerging and other Communicable Diseases B. Thylefors, formerly of Department of Disability/Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation M. Weber, Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development

Sibel Volkan and Grazia Motturi provided administrative and secretarial support.

Can Çelik, Pierre Lewalle, Matilde Leonardi, Senda Bennaissa and Luis Prieto carried out specific aspects of the revision work.

Somnath Chatterji, Shekhar Saxena, Nenad Kostanjsek and Margie Schneider carried out the revision based on all the inputs received.

T. Bedirhan Üstün managed and coordinated the revision process and the overall ICF project.

265 Acknowledgements ICF °‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“» ¥â«¬§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√À≈“°À≈“¬ “¢“∑’ˉ¥â»÷°…“ ‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ∫—≠™’ “°≈‡æ◊ËÕ°“√®”·π°°“√ ∑”ß“π§«“¡æ‘°“√·≈– ÿ¢¿“æ (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) ‡æ◊ËÕ„À≥â¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ”§—≠ ·≈–‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πåµàÕºŸâ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß µ≈Õ¥®π “¡“√∂ „™â‡ªìπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡æ◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫ª√–‡∑»Õ◊ËπÊ ‰¥â °“√∑’Ë®–𔉪„™â·æ√àÀ≈“¬§«√¡’©∫—∫∑’ˇªìπ¿“…“ ‰∑¬ ®÷߇°‘¥§«“¡‡¢â“„®∑’˵√ß°—πßà“¬¢÷Èπ ¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°∑’Ë¡Õ∫≈‘¢ ‘∑∏‘°“√·ª≈„Àⷰໟπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸ ¡√√∂¿“æ ∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å·Ààß™“µ‘ ¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥π—°«‘™“°“√∑ÿ°∑à“π∑’Ë¡ÿàß¡—Ëπ√à«¡°—π·ª≈∫—≠™’ “°≈‡æ◊ËÕ°“√®”·π°°“√∑”ß“π §«“¡æ‘°“√ ·≈– ÿ¢¿“æπ’È ®π ”‡√Á®≈ÿ≈à«ß °√–∑√«ß°“√æ—≤π“ —ß§¡·≈–§«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å 1.π“ß “«™≈≈¥“ ¢π–»√’√—µπ°ÿ≈ 2.π“¬‚Õ¿“ æ‘¡≈«‘™¬“°‘® ∑∫«ß¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬ 1.·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ß𑵬“ ∑πÿ«ß…å «‘∑¬“≈—¬·æ∑¬å‡«™»“ µ√å§√Õ∫§√—« 2.π“ßæ‘¡æ“ ¢®√∏√√¡ «‘∑¬“≈—¬√“™ ÿ¥“ 3.𓬷æ∑¬å¿“√æ—π∏å ∫”√ÿß ÿ¢ §≥–·æ∑¬å»“ µ√廑√‘√“™æ¬“∫“≈ Õߧå°√§πæ‘°“√ 1.π“ߥ“√≥’ ∏π–¿Ÿ¡‘ ¡“§¡‡æ◊ËÕ∫ÿ§§≈ªí≠≠“ÕàÕπ·Ààߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬ ”π—°ß“π ∂‘µ‘·Ààß™“µ‘ 1.π“ß “«πß≈—°…≥å ‚ß«‘«—≤πå™—¬ 2.π“ß “«Õ“¿“æ√ Õ¡√∏√√¡ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ 1.·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ߥ“√≥’ ÿ«æ—π∏å »Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 2.𓬷æ∑¬å∏πŸ ™“µ‘∏π“ππ∑å °√¡ ÿ¢¿“殑µ 3.·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘߇∫≠®æ√ ªí≠≠“¬ß ‚√ß欓∫“≈¬ÿ«ª√– “∑‰«∑‚¬ª∂—¡¿å 4.𓬷æ∑¬åæ‘æ—≤πå ™ÿ¡‡°…’¬√ ‚√ß欓∫“≈√“™«∂‘ ’ 5.π“ß “«æ√ «√√§å ‚æ∏‘Ï «à“ß »Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 6.·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ß¿—∑√‘¬“ ®“√ÿ∑—»πå »Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 7.π“ß “«¿—™√“¿√≥å °Õ߇°‘¥»Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 8.·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ß«—™√“ √‘È«‰æ∫Ÿ≈¬å »Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 9.π“ß«’√–«√√≥ · ß¿—°¥‘Ï‚¬∏‘π»Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 10.π“ß “«»√’≈—°…≥å À—ß Ÿµ»Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 11.·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ß»‘√‘π“∂ µß»‘√‘ »Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ

266 ICF °‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“»

12.π“ß»ÿ≈’æ—π∏å ‚ ≈—𥓠»Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 13.π“ß»»‘∏√ ®—π∑√å Õ“¥ »Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 14.π“ß “«»ÿ¿√“¿√≥å ∏√√¡™“µ‘ ”π—°π‚¬∫“¬·≈–¬ÿ∑∏»“ µ√å 15.π“ß “« ÿ¿“æ√ °‘µ‘À≈â“»Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 16.π“ß “« “√‘≥’ ·°â« «à“ß »Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 17.π“ß “« ÿ™‘√“≈—°…≥å ‚»®‘√—µπå »Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 18.·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ß “«‘µ√’ ™≈ÕÕ¬Ÿà ‚√ß欓∫“≈ ¡‘µ‘‡«™ 19.π“¬Õ√‘¬– ∫ÿ≠ß“¡™—¬√—µπå ”π—°π‚¬∫“¬·≈–¬ÿ∑∏»“ µ√å 20.·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ßÕÿ∫≈«√√≥ «—≤𓥑≈°°ÿ≈»Ÿπ¬å ‘√‘π∏√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸœ 𓬙“≈’ ¿¡√¡πµ√’ π—°¿“…“»“ µ√å ·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ß¿—∑√‘¬“ ®“√ÿ∑—»πå ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√

267 ICF Index ICF ¥—™π’ Index ICF

Note: This index is provided as a general tool for accessing categories within the classifications and discussions of issues and key terms in the Introduction and Annexes. Only words and phrases actually found in the ICF are indexed here. It is hoped that a more complete index of the ICF will be separately published and include more extensive cross-references to the items found in the classification. Towards that end, WHO welcomes suggestions from users for terms and phrases that could be added to the index to increase its usefulness.

Abnormality, 213 Adrenal gland, 115 Absorption of nutrients, 82, 83 Advocacy, ICF as a tool, 243-4 Abstract thinking, abstraction, 57 Aerobic capacity, 80 Access, 15, 16 Aerophagia, 81 Accessibility, 171, 179 203, 204, 233, Affect, 55, 180 240 Agalactorrhoea, 92 Accessory respiratory muscles, Age, aging,17, 212-4 functions of, 79 Ageusia, 67 Acquaintances, 187 Aggression, controlling verbal and Acquaintances, creating physical, 160 relationships with, 162 Agitation, 54 Acquisition of goods and services, Agreeableness, 50 153 AIDS, 240 Acquisition of necessities, 153-4 Air conditioning, 186 Acting in a play, 169 Air hunger, 80 Acting in accordance with social Air quality, 186 rules and conventions, 160 Aircraft, piloting, 147 Acting independently in social Aircraft, using as a passenger, 147 interactions, 160 Akinetic mutism, 96, 97 Activities and Participation, Alactation, 92 component, 3, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, Alertness, 48 14-17, 21, 22, 24, 123, 211, 214, Allergies, 78 216, 219, 220, 222, 224, 226, 229- Allodynia, 68 33, 234-7 Allopathic medication, 173 Activities and Participation List, Alopecia, 104 uses of, 234-7 Alveoli, 114 Activities and Participation, Ambitendency, 54 structuring options, 234-7 Ambulance services, 198 Activity, activities, 3, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, Amenorrhoea, 91 14-7, 21, 24, 123, 213, 223, 229, Amicable, 50 234, 236, 237 Amnesia, dissociative, 53 Activity limitations, 3, 8, 10-1, 14, Amnesia, selective, 53 15, 19, 123, 213, 229 Amusement or diversion, engaging Actual environment, 15, 229, 232 in, 168 Acute health care services, 203 Anabolism, 85 Administrative control, 192, 193, Anaesthesia, 67 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, Anaesthesia dolorosa, 68 201, 202, 203, 204, 205 Anal sphincter incompetence, 83 Abdominal cramps, 85 Analgesia, 68 Adoptive parents, 187 Anarthria, 71

269 ICF ¥√√™π’

¢âÕ —߇°µÿ ¥—™π’π’È„™â ”À√—∫§âπÀ“À¡«¥À¡Ÿàµà“ßÊ „π∫—≠™’ “°≈œ ·≈–‡æ◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“ª√–‡¥Áπ·≈–§”»—æ∑å ”§—≠∑—Èß„π∫∑π” ·≈–¿“§ºπ«° ”À√—∫§” ·≈–«≈’µà“ßÊ ∑’Ëæ∫„π«≈’©∫—∫π’È µàÕ‰ª®–‰¥â¡’°“√®—¥æ‘¡æ套™π’∑’Ë ¡∫Ÿ√≥å¢Õß ICF ´÷Ëß√«¡°“√Õâ“ßÕ‘ßµà“߇≈à¡∑’˧√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡‰¥â∑ÿ°ª√–‡¥Áπ ·¬°ÕÕ°¡“¥â«¬ WHO ¬‘π¥’√—∫øíߢâÕ‡ πÕ·π–®“°ºŸâ„™â ∑’ËÕ“®¡’§”»—æ∑å À√◊Õ¢âÕ§«“¡Õ◊ËπÊ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡¢â“‰ª „π¥—™π’π’È ‡æ◊ËÕ„À≥âª√–‚¬™πå¡“°¢÷Èπ¥â«¬

°Æ°µ‘°“, 126 °√–‡æ“–ªí “«–, 116 °Æ§«∫§ÿ¡Õ“§“√, 193 °√–‡æ“–ªí “«–∫’∫µ—«πâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘, 89 °ÆÀ¡“¬, 19, 195, 198, 202, 203, 204 °√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√, 115 °ÆÀ¡“¬, ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫ ·≈–¡“µ√∞“π, 193, °≈àÕ߇ ’¬ß, 112 194, 195, 197, 198, 199, 200, °≈àÕ߇ ’¬ß‡∑’¬¡ 175 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, °≈—Èπªí “«–‰¡à‰¥â, 89 °ÆÀ¡“¬·√ßß“π·≈–¡“µ√∞“π·√ßß“π, °≈“ß«—π/°≈“ߧ◊π, 185 205, 206 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ‡°√Áß°√–µÿ°, 102 °√≥’µ—«Õ¬à“ß 238-41 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õߢ“ à«π≈à“ß, 120 °√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈¥â“𧫓¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬, 195 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õߢ“ÕàÕπ, 120 °√Õ∫·π«§‘¥¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 3, 4, 6, 7, °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß·¢π à«π∫π, 118 16, 251 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß·¢π à«πª≈“¬, 119 °√–®°µ“, 109 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õ߇∑â“·≈–¢âÕ‡∑â“, 120 °√–¥“π ”À√—∫°“√ ◊ËÕ “√, 175 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß¡◊Õ, 119 °√–¥Ÿ°°âπ°∫, 121 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·¢Áß·°√Áß, 97 °√–¥Ÿ°°√–‡∫π‡ÀπÁ∫, 121 °≈â“¡‡π◊Èՙ૬°—∫∑√«ßÕ°∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ °√–¥Ÿ°¢ÕߢâÕ‡∑â“·≈–‡∑â“, 120 À“¬„®,Àπâ“∑’Ë 79 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õߢ“ à«π≈à“ß, 120 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∫√‘‡«≥»’√…–·≈–≈”§Õ, 118 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õߢ“ÕàÕπ, 120 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∫√‘‡«≥Õÿâ߇™‘ß°√“π, 119 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õß·¢π à«π∫π, 118 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¡’§«“¡µ÷ßπÕ¬°«â à“ª°µ‘, 97 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õß·¢π à«πª≈“¬, 119 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¡’§«“¡µ÷ß¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘, 97 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õß„∫Àπâ“, 118 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ√–À«à“ß´’Ë‚§√ß, 114 °√–¥Ÿ°¢Õß¡◊Õ, 119 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ≈”µ—«, 121 °√–¥Ÿ°¢âÕ¡◊Õ, 95 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–‚§√ß√à“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ °√–¥Ÿ°‡™‘ß°√“π Ωó¥ ·¢Áß, 95 ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, 121 °√–¥Ÿ°„π™àÕßÀŸ à«π°≈“ß, 109 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ à«ππÕ°¢Õßµ“, 109 °√–¥Ÿ°∫√‘‡«≥≈”§Õ, 118 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ—«„®Õ—°‡ ∫, 74 °√–¥Ÿ°∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à, 118 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÕàÕπ·√ß, 96 °√–¥Ÿ°∫√‘‡«≥Õÿâ߇™‘ß°√“π, 119 °≈‘Ëπ, 56, 67 °√–¥Ÿ° –∫—° Ωó¥ ·¢Áß, 95 °≈‘Ëπ, 186 °√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß 120 °≈ÿà¡«‘∏’°“√®”·π° “°≈‚¥¬Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬ °√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß à«πÕ°, 120 ‚≈°, 3, 4 °√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß à«π‡Õ«, 121 °–‚À≈°»’√…–, 118 °√–¥Ÿ°À≈—ß à«π§Õ, 120 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡§«“¡§‘¥, 57 °√–∫«π°“√¢Õß°“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, °ä“´„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√, 84 18 °“√ („ à) „Àâ√–À— (¢Õß) ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß °√–∫—ß≈¡, 114 ·«¥≈âÕ¡, 226

269 Index ICF

Anatomical parts, 10, 12, 213 Arteriosclerosis, 75 Anchor points, disability 21 Arthritis, 94 Anger, 55 Articulation of phonemes, 71 Animal-powered transporters, 147 Asking questions, 135 Animals, 183 Aspiration of food, 81 Animals for personal mobility, 188 Assertiveness, 51 Animals, taking care of, 157 Assessment, clinical 22, 47, 105, Ankle and foot, structure, 120 124, 172, 221-2, 229, 231-2, 242, Ankle joint and joints of foot and 243-4, 250, 251 toes, 120 Assessment instruments, Ankle reflex, 99 general15, 19, 21-2 Anopsia, 63 Assessment instruments and ICF, Anosmia, 67 47, 105, 124, 172, 221-2, 251 Antisocial behaviour, 51 Assets, 181 Anuria, 89 Assets, financial, 181 Anxiousness, 55 Assets, intangible, 181 Aphonia, 71 Assets, tangible, 181 Apnoea, 78 Assimilation functions, 83 Appetite, 51 Assisting other moving around, 158 Appliances, household, 155, 156, Assisting others, 157 157, 174, 179 Assisting others in communication, Apprenticeship (work preparation), 158 165 Assisting others in health Apprenticeships programmes, 204 maintenance, 158 Apraxia, dressing, 60 Assisting others in interpersonal Apraxia, ideation, 60 relations, 158 Apraxia, ideomotor, 60 Assisting others in movement, 158 Apraxia, oculomotor, 60 Assisting others in nutrition, 158 Apraxia, speech, 60 Assisting others with self-care, 158 Architects, 188 Assistive devices or personal Architecture, 19 assistance, 15, 17, 19, 24, 173-7, Architecture and construction 203, 204, 214, 232 policies, 193 Assistive devices, maintaining, 157 Architecture and construction Assistive products and technology services, 193 for education, 175-6 Architecture and construction Associations, engaging in, 168 services, systems and policies, Associations, forming political, 170 193 Associations, religious, 199 Architecture and construction Associations and organizational systems, 193 policies, 199 Arousal, 55, 90 Associations and organizational Arranging a living space with services, 198 furniture, 153 Associations and organizational Arrhythmias, 74 services, systems and policies, Art galleries, going to, 168 199 Arterial constriction, 75 Associations of lawyers, physicians Arterial dilation, 75 or academics, engaging in, 168 Arteries, 113 Asymmetric gait, 102 Arteries, constriction of, 75 Ataxic dysarthria, 71 Arteries, functions of, 75 Atherosclerosis, 75

270 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√ („ à) „Àâ√–À— ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ 226 °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“Õ“À“√,‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ 156 °“√ („ à) „Àâ√–À— ‡√◊ËÕß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“Õ“À“√„Àâ ¥, 156 3, 5, 11, 12, 15, 21-3, 21-2, 23, °“√‡°“ 104 219-33 °“√‡°‘¥·ºπ‡ªìπ 103 °“√°â¡µ—«, 139 °“√‡°‘¥√Õ¬∂≈Õ°, 103 °“√°√ÕßπÈ”ªí “«– 89 °“√‡°‘¥ ’∑’˺‘« 103 °“√°√–‚¥¥, 145 °“√‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—π‡À¡◊Õπ‡ªìπæàÕ ·¡à, 162 °“√°√–µÿâπ 55, 90 °“√‡°’ˬ«æ—π°—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ, 10, °“√°√–µÿâπ∑“ß‡æ» 90, 92 14, 15, 123, 213, 214, 229, 234, °“√°√–∑”∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ß“π, 165 237 °“√°√–∑”‡æ◊ËÕ„À≥â√—∫°“√®â“ßß“π, 165 °“√·°â‰¢ ICIDH, 246-9 °“√°√–∑”Õ¬à“ßÕ‘ √–„πªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß —ߧ¡ °“√·°â‰¢ªí≠À“ 204 160 °“√·°âªí≠À“ 127 °“√°√–«π°√–«“¬, 50 °“√·°âªí≠À“ßà“¬Ê 127 °“√°≈—ÈπÕÿ®®“√–, 83-4 °“√·°âªí≠À“¬ÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ 127 °“√°≈â“· ¥ßÕÕ° 51 °“√‚°π 150 °“√°≈◊π 82 °“√¢π àß‚¥¬„™â —µ«å 147 °“√°≈◊π∑“ߪ“°, 82 °“√¢π àß “∏“√≥– 147 °“√°≈—Èπªí “«–‰¡à‰¥â 89 °“√¢π àß “∏“√≥– 197 °“√°≈◊πºà“π∑“ßÀ≈Õ¥Õ“À“√, 82 °“√¢¬“¬¢Õ∫‡¢µ¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ 3, °“√°≈◊π≈”∫“°, 81, 82 7, 13 °“√°≈◊π≈”∫“°®“°™àÕß∑“ߺà“πÕ“À“√„π °“√¢—¥¢«“ß, °“√¬—∫¬—Èß, 50 À≈Õ¥Õ“À“√, 82 °“√¢—¥‡∫“ ªí “«–§—Ëß 89 °“√°≈◊π≈”∫“°®“°∑“ߧÕÀÕ¬, 82 °“√¢—∫¢’Ë°“√¢π àß∑’Ë„™â·√ß®“°¡πÿ…¬å, 147 °“√°≈◊π≈”∫“°®“°∑“ߪ“°, 82 °“√¢—∫¢’ˇ°«’¬π, 147 °“√°≈◊πÕ“À“√ºà“π∑“ߧÕÀÕ¬ 82 °“√¢—∫¢’Ë®—°√¬“π, 147 °“√°àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√‡¢â“ÕÕ°, °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ–, 147 178 °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â·√ߢ—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ®“° °“√°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß 71 —µ«å, 147 °“√°—¥, 81 °“√¢—∫¢’ˬ“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â·√ß®“°‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå, °“√°—¥øíπ, 101 147 °“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈·≈–µ√«® Õ∫ 192, 193, °“√¢—∫¢’Ë√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå, 147 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, °“√¢—∫¢’ˇ√◊Õ¬πµå, 147 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205 °“√¢“¥∏“µÿ‡À≈Á°, 86 °“√°”®—¥ ‘Ëߪؑ°Ÿ≈ 156 °“√¢“¥πÈ” 86 °“√°”®—¥ ‘Ëߪؑ°Ÿ≈, 156 °“√¢“¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ 50 °“√°”®—¥Õÿ®®“√–, 83 °“√¢“¥‡≈◊Õ¥ 75 °“√°”¡◊Õ, 142 °“√¢“¥‡≈◊Õ¥‡ªìπ√–¬–, 75 °“√°”Àπ¥§à“¢Õߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂, 123, 226, °“√¢’Ë™â“ß, 148 229, 231, 232, 235, 237 °“√¢’Ë¡â“, 148 °“√°”Àπ¥∑’Ë¡“¢Õ߇ ’¬ß 65 °“√‡¢â“„®„πµπ‡Õß 58 °“√‡°Á∫‡°’ˬ«º—°·≈–º≈‰¡â, 154 °“√‡¢â“„®·≈–√Ÿâ§«“¡À¡“¬∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ß 133 °“√‡°Á∫µ—«∑“ß —ߧ¡ 16, 19 °“√‡¢â“∂÷ß∫√‘°“√ 171, 179, 203, 204, °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“¢Õß„™â∑’Ë®”‡ªìπª√–®”«—π 156 233, 240 °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“ß“π, 165 °“√‡¢â“∑”ß“πµ√ßµ“¡‡«≈“∑’Ë°”Àπ¥, 165, °“√‡°Á∫√—°…“πÈ” 86 166

270 Index ICF

Athetosis, 101 Azoospermia, 92 Athetotic movements, 101 Atmospheric pressure, 183 Babbling, 72, 73 Attention, 53 Balance reactions, 100 Attention, dividing, 53 Banks, 200 Attention, sharing, 53 Bank account, maintaining, 167 Attention, shifting, 53 Barrier, environmental, 11, 17, 22, Attention, sustaining, 53 24, 171-2, 214, 222, 230, 232-3, Attitudes, 17, 19, 190-1, 239 238, 243 Attitudes of acquaintances, peers, Bartering, 166 colleagues, neighbours and Basal ganglia, 107 community members, 190 Basal metabolic rate, 85 Attitudes of extended family Basic learning, 125-6 members, 190 Bath or shower, taking,149 Attitudes of friends, 190 Bedsores, 103 Attitudes of health professionals, Behaviour pattern, 17 191 Bending, 139 Attitudes of other professionals, 191 Biceps reflex, 99 Attitudes of immediate family Bicycle, driving, 147 members, 190 Bicycles, repairing, 157 Attitudes of people in positions of Bile production, 82 authority, 190 Binaural synthesis, 65 Attitudes of people in subordinate Binocular acuity of distant vision, positions, 191 62 Attitudes of personal care providers Binocular acuity of near vision, 62 and personal assistants, 191 Biomedical standards, 12 Attitudes of strangers, 191 Biomedical status, 12 Attitudes, societal, 191 Biting, 81 Attitudinal environment, 10, 16 Bladder, automatic, 89 Attorney representation, 198 Bladder, functions of, 89 Audio loops, 178 Bladder, feeling of fullness of, 90 Audio recorders and receivers, 175 Bliss board, 134 Audiologists, 188 Bloated, feeling, 84 Auditoriums or stadiums, Blocks in ICF, function of, 220 accessible seating, 178 Blood pressure functions, 76 Auditory perception, 55 Blood pressure, decreased, 76 Auditory trainers, 175 Blood pressure, increased, 76 Aunts, 163, 187 Blood pressure, maintenance of, 76 Aural differentiation of ground, 65 Blood production, 74, 76 Aural pressure, 66 Blood supply to the heart, 75 Authority, people in positions of, Blood vessels, functions of, 75 187 Blood, metabolite-carrying Autism, 49 functions of, 77 Automatic bladder, 89 Blood, oxygen-carrying functions Automatic local joint reflex, 99 of, 77 Automobile, driving, 147 Blowing, 79 Automobile, repairing, 157 Boat, using private, 147 Awareness, 5, 48, 49, 54, 58 Body adjustment reactions, 100 Awareness of one's body, 60 Awareness of one's identity, 60

271 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√‡¢â“‚∫ ∂å,‡¢â“«—¥,‡¢â“ ÿ‡À√à“ À√◊Õ‚∫ ∂å¢Õß °“√§ß§«“¡ π„®, 53 »“ 𓬑« 169 °“√§ß∑à“πÕπ, 139 °“√‡¢â“‰ª√à«¡™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π 168 °“√§ß∑à“π—Ëß 140 °“√‡¢â“‰ª√à«¡„πÕߧå°√°“√°ÿ»≈ 168 °“√§ß∑à“π—Ë߬ÕßÊ 139 °“√‡¢â“‰ª√à«¡∫√‘°“√¢Õß ‚¡ √ 168 °“√§ß∑à“¬◊π 140 °“√‡¢â“æ—°„π ∂“πæ—°øóôπ, 19 °“√§ß√–¥—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, 87 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡,°“√®—¥‚ª√·°√¡°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬ °“√§ß‰«â¢Õß°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ 52 168 °“√§ßÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂‡¥‘¡,139 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡°‘®°√√¡π—π∑π“°“√À√◊Õ°‘®°√√¡ °“√§π·≈–‡∑¢ÕßÀ≈àÕ‡æ◊ËÕæ‘¡æå 152 ¬“¡«à“ß 168 °“√§âπÀ“·≈–°“√ √â“ß¡‘µ√¿“æ°—∫ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡ß“πÀ—µ∂°√√¡ 169 ‡æ◊ËÕπ 160 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡π—π∑π“°“√·≈–°‘®°√√¡¬“¡«à“ß °“√§√÷ËßÀ≈—∫§√÷Ëßµ◊Ëπ, 48 168 °“√§√ÿà𧑥, 50 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π°“√æ‘∏’°“√∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â‡ªìπæ‘∏’∑“ß °“√§≈Õ¥∫ÿµ√ 92 »“ π“À√◊Õæ‘∏’°“√∑“ß —ߧ¡ 168 °“√§≈Õ¥≈Ÿ°°àÕπ°”Àπ¥ 92 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π°“√‡≈àπ 169 °“√§≈Õ¥≈Ÿ°À≈—ß°”Àπ¥≈à“™â“ 92 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π°“√À“§«“¡ πÿ° π“π À√◊Õ °“√§≈“π 145 §«“¡ π„® 168 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑“ߧ«“¡§‘¥ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„πß“π À—µ∂°√√¡ À√◊Õß“πÕ¥‘‡√° 54 168-9 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– 150 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„πß“π°“√Ωï¡◊Õ, 169 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡§«“¡§‘¥‚¥¬µ—Èß„® 57 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„πß“πÕ¥‡√°,‘ 169 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡§«“¡ª√–惵‘„π°“√¡’ °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π∑“ß»“ π“·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ 169 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å 160 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„πæ‘∏’∑“ß»“ π“ °‘®°√√¡·≈– °“√§«∫§ÿ¡∑√—欓°√∑“߇»√…∞°‘®, 167 ‡Àµÿ°“√≥å∑“ß»“ π“ 169 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡∑√—欓°√‡»√…∞°‘® “∏“√≥– °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„πæ‘∏’∑“ß»“ π“, 169 167 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π —ߧ¡„π™’«‘µ∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß 170 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡ªí “«– 90 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡‚ª√·°√¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√‡µ√’¬¡ °“√§«∫§ÿ¡æƒµ‘°√√¡°â“«√â“«∑“ß«“®“ ”À√—∫°“√®â“ßß“π, 165 ·≈–∑“ß°“¬ 160 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡æ‘∏’¡ß§≈ ¡√ æ‘∏’»æ À√◊Õæ‘∏’ °“√§«∫§ÿ¡·√ß°√–µÿâπ, 51 µâÕπ√—∫µà“ßÊ 168 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡Õ“√¡≥å, 55, 160 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡«—≤π∏√√¡ 169 °“√§â“¢“¬ «π‚¿§¿—≥±å 167 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡ ¡“§¡∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√, 168 °“√§”π«≥, 60, 127 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡ —ߧ¡„π™’«‘µª√–™“™π§πÀπ÷Ëß °“√§”π«≥·∫∫´—∫´âÕπ, 60 170 °“√§”π«≥Õ¬à“ßßà“¬, 60 °“√‡¢â“√à«¡À√◊Õ· ¥ß§«“¡™◊Ëπ™¡„π °“√§‘¥ 126 ß“π»‘≈ª–, 169 °“√§‘¥·∫∫π“¡∏√√¡ 57 °“√‡¢â“»÷°…“„π‚√߇√’¬π, 164 °“√§‘¥·∫∫‰¡àµ√ߪ√–‡¥Áπ 56, 57 °“√‡¢â“ ÿ‡À√à“, 169 °“√§‘¥·ª≈߇∑§‚π‚≈¬’§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å °“√‡¢’¬π 59,127 176 °“√‡¢’¬π,Õ¬à“߇¢â“Õ°‡¢â“„® 127 °“√§‘¥¡’§«“¡§‘¥Õ◊Ëπ·∑√°‡¢â“¡“„𧫓¡ °“√‡¢’¬π¢âÕ§«“¡¢à“« “√ 135 §‘¥∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà 57 °“√‡¢’¬πÕ—°…√ Braille, 125 °“√§‘¥À¡°¡ÿàπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫µ—«‡Õß,°“√‡æâÕΩíπ °“√·¢Áßµ—«¢Õߧ≈‘µÕ√‘ 49 (ªÿÉ¡°√– —π) 90 °“√§‘¥Õ¬à“߬◊¥À¬ÿàπ 57 °“√·¢Áßµ—«¢ÕßÕߧ™“µ‘, 90 °“√§‘¥ÕâÕ¡§âÕ¡ 56, 57

271 Index ICF

Body functions, 8, 1-3, 17, 21, 22, Breast feeding, 152 24, 47, 211, 213, 216, 218-9, 220, Breathing, irregular, 78 222, 224, 227 Broca’s aphasia, 58 Body functions, standard, 213 Bronchial spasm, 78 Body image, 61 Bronchial tree, 114 Body language, expressing and Brother, relating to and as, 163 producing, 134 Bruising, 103 Body Mass Index, 84 Brushing teeth, 150 Body organs, 10, 12 Bruxism, 101 Body position, changing and Budgeting time, 130 maintaining, 138-41 Building access, design and Body position, changing basic, 138 products, private, 179 Body position, maintaining, 139 Building access, products and Body structure, 4, 7, 10-3, 17, 21-4, technology, public, 178 105, 213, 219, 224,227 Building codes, 193 Body structures, standard, 213 Building entry and exit, products Body systems, 4, 7, 10, 12 and technology, public, 178 Body temperature, 87 Building wayfinding, design, Body temperature, maintenance of, products and technology, public, 87 179 Boiling and heating food, 154 Building, entering and exiting, Bone marrow, 113 design and products, private, 179 Bones of ankle and foot, 120 Buildings, design and building Bones of face, 118 products, private, 179 Bones of forearm, 119 Buoyant, feeling 50 Bones of hand, 119 Burping, 81 Bones of lower leg, 120 Bus, 174 Bones of neck region, 118 Bus, using, 147 Bones of pelvic region, 119 Bones of shoulder region, 118 Cachexia, 84 Bones of thigh, 120 Calculating, 60, 127 Bones of upper arm, 118 Calculation, complex, 60 Books, 176 Calculation, simple, 60 Bottles and cans, opening151, 152 Callus formation, 103 Bradycardia, 74 Calm, feeling of 50 Bradylalia, 72 Camel, riding, 148 Bradypnoea, 78 Capacity, construct of 8, 11, 14-6, Braille versions of newspaper, 200 19, 22-4, 214, 216 Braille writers, using, 136 Capacity, as qualifier, 123, 226, 229, Braille, communicating with, 134 231, 232, 235, 237 Braille, reading, 125 Capacity, as qualifier 'without Braille, writing, 125 assistance', 230 Brain, functions of 12, 48, 57, 107, Capillaries, 113 213, 227 Capillaries, functions of, 75 Brain, frontal lobe, 107 Capital goods and services, 181 Brain, occipital lobe, 107 Carbohydrate metabolism, 85 Brain, parietal lobe, 107 Cardiac output, diminished, 74 Brain, temporal lobe, 107 Cardiomyopathy, 74 Breast and nipple, 116 Breast cancer, 240

272 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√§’∫‚¥¬„™â... à«π≈à“ß 142 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫ handle 129, 131 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë, 138-48 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫§«“¡‡§√’¬¥ 129 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë, 144 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫§«“¡‡§√’¬¥, 129, 131 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°, 95 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫§«“¡‡§√’¬¥·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√ °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°¢âÕ‡∑â“ 95 ¥â“𮑵«∑¬“Õ‘ ◊ËπÊ, 131 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°¢âÕ¡◊Õ, 95 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫¿“«–¢“¥ ¡“∏‘, 131 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ° –∫—°, 95 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫¿“«–«‘°ƒµ 131 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ° –∫—°∑—Ë«Ê °“√®—¥°“√°—∫«—µ∂ÿ, 142 ‰ª 95 °“√®—¥°“√°—∫Õ“À“√∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𪓰, 81 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°Õÿâß °“√®—¥°“√°“√∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√–„À⇪ì𠇙‘ß°√“π, 95 ª°µ‘ 150 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ, 94 °“√®—¥°“√°‘®°√√¡‡§√’¬¥·≈–§«“¡ °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ‡¥’ˬ«, 94 µâÕß°“√∑“ß®‘µ«‘∑¬“Õ◊ËπÊ 131 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ∑—Ë«√à“ß°“¬, 94 °“√®—¥°“√°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—π 130 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¢ÕߢâÕµàÕÀ≈“¬®ÿ¥, 94 °“√®—¥°“√°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—π 131 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë®“°™—ÈπÀπ÷Ë߉ªÕ’° °“√®—¥°“√§à“„™â®à“¬, 130 ™—ÈπÀπ÷Ëß, 145 °“√®—¥°“√¥â“𧫓¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ 113 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë‚¥¬„™âÕÿª°√≥å, 146 °“√®—¥°“√¥â“𧫓¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫, 131 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¿“¬πÕ°∫â“π·≈–µ—«Õ“§“√ °“√®—¥°“√√–¥—∫¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß Õ◊ËπÊ, 146 µπ‡Õß, 131 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¿“¬„π ¿“¬πÕ° µ—«Õ“§“√, °“√®—¥°“√Õ“À“√, 154 146 °“√®—¥µ—Èß ¡“§¡∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß 170 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¿“¬„πµ—«Õ“§“√∑’ˉ¡à„™à∫â“π, °“√®—¥∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬¥â«¬‡§√◊ËÕ߇√◊Õπ, 153 146 °“√®—¥≈”¥—∫‡Àµÿ°“√≥åµà“ßÊ, 58 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¿“¬„π∫â“π, 145 °“√®—¥√–∫∫‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߉«¬“°√≥å, 59 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬‚¥¬„™â√¬“ߧå à«π≈à“ß, 142 °“√®“¡ 79 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õß 140 °“√®”°—¥„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ 3,8,10- °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õߢ≥–°”≈—ßπÕπÕ¬Ÿà 1,14,15,19,123,213,229 140 °“√®”·π° 8, 10, 13, 16, 21, 211, °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬µπ‡Õߢ≥–°”≈—ß 217, 220-1, 225, 229, 31, π—ËßÕ¬Ÿà 140 234-5, 237, 251 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬·≈–°“√‡¥‘π∑“ߺ≈‘µ¿—≥±å °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ 217 ·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’, 174 °“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß ICF µ“¡Õß§å °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õßµ“ 64 ª√–°Õ∫ 216 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„®, °“√®”·π°√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ 217 100, 101 °“√®”·π°≈”¥—∫ 217 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·∫∫™—°°√–µÿ° 101 °“√®”·π°‡Àµÿ°“√≥å∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬, 224 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·∫∫Õ∏‘µÕ¬¥å, 101 °“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏åµË”°«à“ª°µ‘ 92 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«º‘¥ª°µ‘·∫∫µ“¬µ—« 101 °“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå, 92 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«º‘¥ª°µ‘·∫∫Õ∏‘µÕ¬¥å, 101 °“√‡©◊ÕπÕ“À“√ 155 °“√‡§’Ȭ« 81 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ¥â“π°“√¢π àß 188 °“√‡§’Ȭ«Õ“À“√, 81 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ 157 °“√ßÕ°¢Õ߇ âπº¡, 104 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ °“√®∫°“√∂°ªí≠À“ 136 ‰À« 158 °“√®∫°“√ π∑π“ 135 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π°“√µ‘¥µàÕ °“√®—¥°“√,°“√¢“¥ ¡“∏‘ 131 ◊ËÕ “√ 158

272 Index ICF

Cardiovascular and respiratory Charitable organizations, engaging systems, additional functions in,168 and sensations of, 79-80 Cheerfulness, 50 Cardiovascular system, functions Chewing, 81 of, 74-6 Child parent relationships, Cardiovascular, haematological, maintaining, 162 immunological and respiratory Child, relating as, 162 systems, functions of, 74-80 Childbirth, 92 Cardiovascular, immunological and Childbirth, delayed, 92 respiratory systems, structures Childbirth, premature, 92 of, 113-4 Children, 73, 125, 131, 158, 169, 187 Caregivers, 188 Children's play, 169 Caring for body parts, 149 Choice among options, making, 128 Caring for fingernails, 150 Choking, 80 Caring for hair, 150 Choosing appropriate clothing, 151 Caring for household objects, 156 Chorea, 101 Caring for household objects and Choreatic movements, 101 assisting others, 156-8 Chronological sequencing, 58 Caring for skin, 149 Church, temple, mosque or Caring for teeth, 150 synagogue, attending, 169 Caring for toenails, 150 Cinema, going to, 169 Carpal bones, 95 Cinema or theatre, engaging in, 168 Carrying in the arms, 141 Circadian rhythm, 52 Carrying objects, 142 Circumstantiality, 56, 57 Carrying objects in the hands, 141 Citizenship rights, enjoying, 170 Carrying on shoulders, hip and Civil litigation, 198 back, 141 Civil protection policies, 198 Carrying on the head, 141 Civil protection services, 197 Carrying out plans, 57 Civil protection services, systems Carrying out single or multiple and policies, 197 tasks, 129 Civil protection systems, 197 Carrying, moving and handling Classification, categories, 217 objects, 141-3 Classification, granularity, 217 Cars, 174 Classification, levels, 217 Case examples, 238-41 Classification, parts of ICF, 216, 219 Catabolism, 85 Classification, scope of ICF 3, 7, 13 Catatonia, 54 Classification, unit of ICF, 7-8, 10, Catching objects, 143 217 Categories in ICF, 8, 10, 13, 16, 21, Classification, universe of in ICF, 7 211, 217, 220-1, 225, 229, 231, Classification, components of ICF, 234-5, 237, 251 216 Causation, etiology, 13 Claudication, 75 Cerebellum, 107 Cleaning bathrooms and toilets, 155 Ceremonies, engaging in, 168 Cleaning cooking area and utensils, Cervical vertebral column, 120 155 Cervix, 116 Cleaning household furnishings., Changing and maintaining body 155 position, 138-41 Cleaning living area, 155 Chanting, 72, 73 Cleaning products, 174 Character style, 17 Cleaning tables and floors, 155

273 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕß°“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å„π°“√√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√, 158 151 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕß°“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“ °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å ◊ËÕ “√∑“߉°≈ 136 ÿ¢¿“æ 158 °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å ◊ËÕ “√·≈–‡∑§π‘§°“√ °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å ◊ËÕ “√ 136 √–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ 158 °“√´àÕ¡·´¡®—°√¬“π,157 °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâÕ◊Ëπ„π‡√◊ËÕß‚¿™π“°“√ 158 °“√´àÕ¡·´¡·≈–¢—¥√Õ߇∑â“, 156 °“√™—¥‡®π®“°°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ„π√–¬–„°≈â¥â«¬ °“√´àÕ¡·´¡‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“, 156 µ“¢â“߇¥’¬«, 62 °“√´àÕ¡·´¡Õÿª°√≥å‡∑’¬¡Õÿª°√≥å °“√™”√–≈â“ß√à“ß°“¬µπ‡Õß 149 ‡ √‘¡ 157 °“√™”√–≈â“ß√à“ß°“¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 149 °“√´—°´âÕ¡ 125 °“√™”√–≈â“ß à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ 149 °“√´—°·≈–°“√µ“°‡ ◊Èպⓠ155 °“√‡™Á¥°√–®°·≈–ºπ—ß 155 °“√´◊ÈÕ¢Õß 154 °“√‡™Á¥µ—«, 149 °“√´◊ÈÕ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ 153 °“√‡™à“∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ 153 °“√¥¡°≈‘Ëπ 125 °“√„™â ICF, 21 °“√¥—¥·ª≈߬“πæ“Àπ– 174 °“√„™â°“√¢π àß, 146-8 °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√‡¡◊Õß 170 °“√„™â°“√¢π àß à«πµ—«·∫∫¡’‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå, °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√µàÕ°“√∂°ªí≠À“ 136 147 °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ π∑π“ 135 °“√„™â°“√ —¡º— ∑“ß√à“ß°“¬∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡„π °“√¥÷ß«—µ∂ÿ 143 °“√¡’ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ 159 °“√¥◊Ë¡‚¥¬„™âÀ≈Õ¥ 152 °“√„™â·¢π„π°“√∂◊Õ¢Õß 141 °“√¥◊Ë¡πÈ” 152 °“√„™â§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å 136 °“√¥◊Ë¡πÈ”∑’ˉÀ≈ 152 °“√„™â‡§√ËÕ߇¢◊ ’¬πÕ—°…√ Braille, 136 °“√¥Ÿ 125 °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß´—°ºâ“ 156 °“√¥Ÿ¥ 81 °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕßæ‘¡æ奒¥ 136 °“√¥Ÿ¥´÷¡º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß°√–‡æ“– °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ 126, 143, 153, 157, Õ“À“√, 82 174, 176 °“√¥Ÿ¥π¡¡“√¥“, 152 °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√‡¢’¬π 136 °“√¥Ÿ¿“æ¬πµ√åÀ√◊Õ≈–§√ 168 °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬„π°“√§”π«≥, 126 °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕߪ√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, 150 °“√„™âµ—«‡≈¢, 60, 126 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µâπ‰¡â¿“¬„π·≈–¿“¬πÕ° °“√„™â‡∑§π‘§°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ 136 ∫â“π 157 °“√„™â‚∑√»—æ∑å 136 °“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß 149-52 °“√„™â¡◊Õ®—¥°“√°—∫¢Õß, 142 °“√¥Ÿ·≈∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å, 20 °“√„™â¡◊Õ∑”ß“πÕ¬à“ß≈–‡Õ’¬¥, 142 °“√¥Ÿ·≈∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬·≈–‡§√◊ËÕ߇√◊Õπ, 157 °“√„™â¡◊Õ·≈–·¢π, 143 °“√¥Ÿ·≈º¡ 150 °“√„™â√∂„µâ¥‘π 147 °“√¥Ÿ·≈º‘«Àπ—ß 149 °“√„™â√∂‰ø 147 °“√¥Ÿ·≈º‘«Àπ—ß 149 °“√„™â√∂√—∫®â“ß 147 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿ, 23 °“√„™â√Õ߇∑â“ ‡°Áµ 146 °“√¥Ÿ·≈øíπ 149 °“√„™â‡√◊Õ à«πµ—«, 147 °“√¥Ÿ·≈øíπ 150 °“√„™â‡ ’¬ß¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√Õ◊Ëπ,µ—«‡≈◊Õ° 72 °“√¥Ÿ·≈øíπª≈Õ¡ 150 °“√„™âÀ≈—°°“√§”π«≥∑“߇≈¢§≥‘µ, 126 °“√¥Ÿ·≈¬“πæ“Àπ– 157 °“√„™âÀ≈—°∑“ߧ≥‘µ»“ µ√å, 127 °“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“‡§√◊ËÕß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π 157 °“√„™âÀâÕßπÈ” 150 °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡·¢Áß·√ߢÕß °“√„™âÕ“À“√∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ 155 √à“ß°“¬, 152

273 Index ICF

Cleaning the house, 155 Communicating with - receiving - Cleaning windows and walls, 155 drawings and photographs, 133 Climate, 183 Communicating with - receiving - Climbing, 145 formal sign language messages, Clinical applications of ICF 5, 250-1 134 Clinical use of ICF, ethical Communicating with - receiving - guidelines, 244-5 general signs and symbols, 133 Clinics, 203, 204 Communicating with - receiving - Clitoral erection, 90 nonverbal messages, 133 Clitoris, 116 Communicating with - receiving - Closed captioning services, 199 spoken messages, 133 Clothes, 151, 155, 156, 174 Communicating with - receiving - Clothes, making and repairing, 156 written messages, 134 Clothes, putting on, 151 Communication, 14, 196, 234, 235, Clothes, taking off, 151 253 Clothes, shopping for, 154 Communication boards, 175 Clotting functions of blood, 77 Communication devices and Clouding of consciousness, 48 techniques, using, 136 Cluttering, 72 Communication policies, 196 Coagulation of blood, 77 Communication services, 196 Cochlea, 110 Communication services, systems Coccyx, 121 and policies, 196 Cochlear implants, 175 Communication systems, 196 Coding in ICF, 3, 5, 11, 12, 15, 21-3, Communication techniques, using, 21-2, 23, 219-33 136 Coding body functions, 226 Communication, products and Coding body structures, 228 technology, 175 Coding convention, code “8”, 226 Communication, 133-7 Coding, Environmental Factors, Community life, engaging in, 168 225, 232 Community members, 187, 190 Coding, generic scale, 22 Community, social and civic life, Coding, options for Activities and 168-70 Participation, 235-6 Comprehending literal and implied Coding, relevance to health meanings, 133 condition, 224 Computer hardware and software, Cognitive flexibility, 58 176 Cognitive functions, 49, 53, 56, 57 Computer hardware or software, Cognitive functions, higher-level, 176 57 Computer software and hardware, Co-inhabitants, creating 175 relationships with, 162 Computer technology, adapted, 176 Colleagues, 160, 187, 190 Computer-based mass Colour vision, 56, 62, 63, 184 communication, 199, 200 Coma, 48 Computers, using, 136 Combing hair, 150 Concentration, 53 Comfort, ensuring one’s comfort, Conduction aphasia, 58 152 Confidence, 51 Communicating - producing, 133-5 Confidentiality, ethical guideline for Communicating with - receiving - use of ICF, 244 body gestures, 133 Congenital anomaly, 212

274 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡√◊ËÕß‚¿™π“°“√·≈–§«“¡·¢Áß·√ß °“√µÕ∫ πÕß·∫∫´È”Ê, 57, 101 ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, 152 °“√µ–‚°π‡ ’¬ß¥—ß 72 °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡≈Á∫, 149 °“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å 183 °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡≈Á∫‡∑â“ 150 °“√µ—Èߧ√√¿åπÕ°¡¥≈Ÿ°, 92 °“√¥Ÿ·≈‡≈Á∫¡◊Õ 150 °“√µ—¥¢Õ∫∂ππ, 171, 180, 232 °“√¥Ÿ·≈·≈–√—°…“‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ 157 °“√µ—¥‡¬Á∫·≈–°“√´àÕ¡·´¡‡ ◊Èպⓠ156 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ 149 °“√µ—¥ ‘𧥒§«“¡Õ◊ËπÊ 198 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ —µ«å‡≈’È¬ß 157 °“√µ—¥ ‘π„® 4, 57, 128 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘ËߢÕß„π∫â“π 156 °“√µ—¥ ‘π„®, 128 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘ËߢÕß„π∫â“π·≈–°“√™à«¬‡À≈◊ÕºŸâ °“√µ—¥ ‘π„®, 58 Õ◊Ëπ 156-8 °“√µ—¥ ‘π„®‡≈◊Õ° 128 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßµπ‡Õß, 152 °“√µ—¥ ‘π„®‡≈◊Õ°®“°À≈“¬∑“߇≈◊Õ°, 128 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–°“√ ”√«®ª√–™“°√ 6 °“√µ—¥ ‘π„®‡≈◊հ惵‘°√√¡∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡µàÕ °“√¥Ÿ·≈Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«° 157 ∂“π°“√≥å, 57 °“√‡¥‘π 144 °“√µ—¥Õ“À“√ÕÕ°‡ªìπ™‘ÈπÊ 151 °“√‡¥‘π, 54, 100, 102 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫§π∑’˵˔°«à“ 161 °“√‡¥‘π‡¢¬°, 102 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫§π∑’ˇ ¡Õ°—π 161 °“√‡¥‘πµ“¡∑’˵à“ßÊ 145 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫§π·ª≈°Àπâ“ 161 °“√‡¥‘π∫ππÈ”·¢Áß·≈–À‘¡– 144 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫𓬮â“ß 161 °“√‡¥‘π∫πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–·µ°µà“ß°—π °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“® 161 °“√‡¥‘π∫πæ◊Èπº‘«‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« 144 °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫≈Ÿ°®â“ß 161 °“√‡¥‘π∫πæ◊Èπº‘«≈“¥‡Õ’¬ß 144 °“√µ‘¥‰ø∂ππ 180 °“√‡¥‘π∫π‡√◊Õ,√∂‰øÀ√◊Õæ“Àπ–Õ◊ËπÊ 144 °“√µ◊Ëπ‡µâπ 54 °“√‡¥‘π‰ªµ“¡∂ππ„π≈–·«°∫â“π,°≈“ß °“√‡µâπº‘¥ª°µ‘¢ÕßÀ—«„®, 74 ‡¡◊Õß 146 °“√‡µ√’¬¡µ—«∑“ß‡æ» 90 °“√‡¥‘πºà“π‡§√◊ËÕß ‘Ëߢ«“ß 144 °“√‡µ√’¬¡ª√–«—µ‘°“√»÷°…“, 165 °“√‡¥‘π√–¬–„°≈â 144 °“√‡µ√’¬¡Õ“À“√, 154 °“√‡¥‘π√–¬–‰°≈ 144 °“√‡µ–, 142 °“√‡¥‘π·≈–°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë 144-6 °“√‡µ‘∫‚µ¢Õß µ‘ªí≠≠“, 49 °“√‰¥â°≈‘ËππâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘, 67 °“√·µàßµ—« 151 °“√‰¥âß“π∑”, 165 °“√∂°ªí≠À“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ëߧπ 136 °“√‰¥â√—∫‡≈◊Õ°Õ¬à“߇ªìπ∑“ß°“√, 206 °“√∂°ªí≠À“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À≈“¬§π 136 °“√‰¥â‡≈◊ËÕπµ”·Àπàß·≈–‰¥â√—∫§«“¡°â“«Àπâ“ °“√∂¥∂Õ¬¢Õß µ‘ªí≠≠“, 49 Õ◊ËπÊ, 165 °“√∂Õ¥√–À— ¢Õß¿“…“ 58 °“√µ°·µàß„π∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬, 153 °“√∂Õ¥√Õ߇∑â“, 151 °“√µ°·µàß·≈–°“√®—¥·µàß∫â“π 153 °“√∂Õ¥‡ ◊Èպⓠ151 °“√µ√«®ß“π¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ, 165, 166 °“√∂“¡§”∂“¡ 135 °“√µ√«®®—∫‡ ’¬ß 65 °“√∂à“¬ªí “«–æ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥µ≈Õ¥‡«≈“ °“√µ√«®À“§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß, 226-7 89 °“√µÕ∫‚µâ∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·∫∫®”‡æ“–, 77 °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬ ·≈–°“√®—¥°“√ °“√µÕ∫‚µâ∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·∫∫‰¡à®”‡æ“–, °—∫¢Õß 141-3 77 °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß„π¡◊Õ 141 °“√µÕ∫‚µâ —≠≠“≥∑“ß —ߧ¡„π —¡æ—π∏¿“æ °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß∫π»’√…– 141 159 °“√∂◊Õ¢Õß∫πÀ—«‰À≈à, –‚æ°·≈–À≈—ß 141 °“√µÕ∫ πÕß´È”Ê, 101 °“√∂Ÿæ◊Èπ, 155 °“√µÕ∫ πÕß∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π, 77

274 Index ICF

Conjunctiva, sclera, choroid, 109 Corporations, 200 Conscientiousness, 50 Correctional or penal facilities, 198 Consciousness, 48 Cortical lobes, 107 Consciousness, continuity of, 48 Coughing, 79 Consciousness, loss of, 48 Courts, tribunals and other Consciousness, quality of, 48 agencies, 198 Consciousness, state of, 48 Crafts or hobbies, engaging in, 168- Consequence of disease, 4 9 Constipation, 83 Crafts, engaging in, 169 Constructs in ICF, 8, 11, 14-7, 19, Cranial nerves, 107 22-4, 213-4, 216, 222, 229-32, Cranium, 118 235, 237, 251 Craving, 51 Construction standards, 193 Crawling, 145 Consumer bodies, 192 Criminal trials, 198 Consumer councils, 195 Crises, handling, 131 Consumer goods, policies for the Criticism in relationships, dealing production of, 193 with, 159 Consumer goods, services for the Crying aloud, 72 production of, 192 Cultural applicability and ICIDH, Consumer goods, services, systems 248 and policies, 192 Cultural events, engaging in, 169 Consumer goods, systems for the Cultural organizations, 8, 169, 177, production of, 192 187, 198, 199, 249 Consuming nutritious foods, 152 Cultural variation and Contextual factors, 7, 8, 10-1, 16, classification, 218, 247 19, 213, 216, 247 Culture, recreation and sport, Continuing education, 204 products and technology, 177 Continuous incontinence, 89 Curiosity, 50 Controlling verbal and physical Customs, 190 aggression, 160 Cutting or breaking food into Conversation, 135, 136 pieces, 151 Conversation and use of Daily living, products and communication devices and technology, 174 techniques, 135-7 Daily routine, carrying out, 130 Conversation, ending, 135 Daily routine, completing, 131 Conversation, starting, 135 Daily routine, managing, 131 Conversation, sustaining, 135 Daily necessities, gathering, 154 Conversing with many people, 136 Dark, adaptation to, 63 Conversing with one person, 135 Data comparability and ICF, 5 Cooking, 154 Day/night cycles, 185 Cooperation of both eyes, 64 deceitfulness, 51 Cooperativeness, 50 Decision-making, 4, 57, 128 Coordination of voluntary Decoding messages, 58, 59 movements, 100 Decorating rooms., 153 Coping styles, 17 Decryption of language, 58 Coprolalia, 101 Defecation, 83 Copying, 125 Defecation, frequency of, 84 Cornea, 109 Defecation, regulating, 150 Coronary insufficiency, 74 Defensive reactions, 100 Coronary ischaemia, 75 Defiance, 50

275 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ·≈– à«π∑’Ë °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡§≈àÕß·≈–®—ßÀ«–„π°“√ ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß 62-4 查 72 °“√∑âÕßÕ◊¥, 83-4 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ, 76 °“√∑—°∑“¬µ“¡ª√–‡æ≥’, 135 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ(À√◊Õ®‘µ«‘∑¬“), 12, 213 °“√∑”°“√ ”√«® 221 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ, 48-61 °“√∑”°‘®°√√¡∑“߇≈¢§≥‘µ, 126-7 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß®‘µ„®‚¥¬√«¡, 48-52 °“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ª√–®”«—π„À⇠√Á® °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßµàÕ¡πÈ”µ“, 64 ¡∫Ÿ√≥å 131 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßµàÕ¡πÈ”µ“·≈–∑àÕπÈ”µ“ 64 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥‡§√◊ËÕ߇√◊Õπ 155 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßµàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ, 87 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥‚µä–·≈–æ◊Èπ 155 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߉µ, 89 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥∫√‘‡«≥∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪؑ°‘√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ∑à«ß∑à“ Õ“»—¬ 155 100 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥∫â“π 155 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —¡º— ·≈–§«“¡‡®Á∫ °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥æ◊Èπ∑’Ë·≈–Õÿª°√≥å ª«¥ 62-70 „π°“√∑”Õ“À“√ 155 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕߪÿÉ¡πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß, 78 °“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥ÀâÕßπÈ”·≈– â«¡ 155 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’Ë °“√∑”ß“π°“√√—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß 103-4 ·≈– °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« 102 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡‰√â °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°√–∫—ß≈¡ 79 ∑àÕ, 58-7 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°√–‡æ“–ªí “«–, 89 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫ À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥À—«„® °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, 96-9 √–∫∫‚≈À‘µ √–∫∫ ¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π·≈–√–∫∫ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ °“√À“¬„® 74-80 À“¬„® 79 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫∑“߇¥‘πÀ“¬„® 78 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕª√– “∑ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π, 77 ·≈–‚§√ß√à“ß ·≈– à«π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ 81-5 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, 94-102 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫¬àÕ¬ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¿“¬πÕ°µ“, 64 Õ“À“√,√–∫∫....·≈–√–∫∫µàÕ¡“... 81- °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¿“¬„π¢Õß 88 ¥«ßµ“, 64 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫‚≈À‘µ ·≈–√–∫∫ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÕ◊ËπÊ ¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π, 76-8 ∑’Ë„™âÀ“¬„® 79 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„®À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ 74-6 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¢—∫, 89 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, 8, 1-3, 17, 21, °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, 99-102 22, 24, 47, 211, 213 216, 218-9, °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¥¡°≈‘Ëπ, 67 220, 222, 224, 227 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– 89 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇√◊ËÕß°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå Õ«—¬«–‡æ» °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ªí “«– 89, 90 ªí “«– ·≈– √–∫∫ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå, 89-93 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, 91, 227 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß≈“π “𵓠63 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß≈‘ÈπÀ—«„®, 74 ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„® ·∫∫¡’ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇≈Á∫, 103, 104, 122 ®ÿ¥ª√– ߧå‡æ’¬ß∫“ß à«π, 101 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥„π°“√π”æ“ √â“߇¡µ“∫ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√À“¬„® 244 Õ‰≈∑å, 77 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√„Àâ°”‡π‘¥ 58 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥„π°“√π”æ“ÕÕ°´‘‡®π, °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ·≈–°√–¥Ÿ°, 94-5 77 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“„π°“√æ¬ÿßµ—« °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß âπº¡, 103, 104, 149 100 °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß ¡Õß, 12, 48, 57, 107, 213, 227

275 Index ICF

Definitions in ICF, 221 Disability, lived experience of, 15, Definitions, in classifications, 217 123, 229 Dehydration, 86 Disability pension, 201-2 Déjà vu, 61 Disability, as a medical issue, 20 Delayed ejaculation, 90 Disability, as a political issue., 20 Delirium, 48 Disability compensation systems, 5 Delusion, 57 Disabled Peoples’ International, 242 Dementia, 49 Discriminating sounds, 55 Demographic change, 182 Discrimination, social, 16, 19 Dental hygiene, 150 Discussion, 136 Dental prosthesis, taking care of150 Discussion with many people, 136 Dependability, 51, 171 Discussion with one person, 136 Depersonalization, 60 Discussion, ending, 136 Derealization, 60 Discussion, starting, 136 Design codes, 194 Discussion, sustaining, 136 Design, construction and building Disease, 3, 4, 8, 13, 15, 16, 19, 20, products and technology for 212, 219 entering and exiting buildings Disease, consequence of, 4 for public and private use, 178-9 Disfigurement, 19 Design, construction and building Dislocation of a joint, 94 products and technology for Dislocation of shoulder, 94 gaining access to facilities in Disorder, 4, 8, 13, 212 buildings for public and private Disposing of garbage, 156 use, 178-9 Distraction, handling, 131 Design, construction and building Diurnal cycle, 52 products and technology for way Diurnal cycles, 185 finding, path routing and Dizziness, 66 designation of locations in Dizziness, 66 buildings for public and private Doctors, 188 use, 179 Domain, of disability, 3, 7, 8, 10, 14, Designers, 188 15, 21, 22, 216 Desks and filing cabinets, 176 Domestic appliances, maintaining, Despairing, 50 157 Determinants of health, 4 Domestic life, 153-8 Development, 171 Domesticated animals, 188 Diabetes, 238 Door handles, 179 Diagnosis, 3, 4 Doors, power-assisted, 178, 179 Diagrams, making, 134 Downhearted, feeling, 50 Diaphragm, 114 Drawing, 81, 134 Diaphragm, function of, 79 Drawings and photographs, Diarrhoea, 83 expressing with and producing, Diencephalon, 107 134 Diet, maintaining balanced diet, 152 Dress codes, following, 151 Digestive system functions, 81-5 Dressing, 151 Digestive, metabolic and endocrine Dressing in keeping with climatic systems, functions of 81-88 conditions, 151 Disability, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 17, 18, Drinking, 152 19-21, 211, 213, 216, 242 Drinking running water, 152 Disability benefits, 202 Drinking through a straw, 152 Drive, psychological, 50-4

276 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇ âπº¡·≈–‡≈Á∫, 104 °“√∑”ß“π‚¥¬µ—«‡ÕߢÕߢâÕ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇ âπ‡≈◊Õ¥, 75 Joint reflex, 99 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀπ⓵“, 64 °“√∑”ß“π‡µÁ¡‡«≈“, 165, 166, 241 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‰µ 89 °“√∑”ß“π‡µÁ¡‡«≈“À√◊Õ‰¡à‡µÁ¡‡«≈“, °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß, 78 166 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ΩÕ¬, 75 °“√∑”ß“π∑“ß‡æ» 90 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥„À≠à 75 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß 71 °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«„®, 74 °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß·≈– °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀŸ à«π„π, 66 °“√查 71-3 °“√∑”ß“πßà“¬Ê 129 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π 165 °“√∑”ß“πßà“¬Ê À√◊Õ°“√∑”ß“π °“√∑”ß“π∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß查 193 ´—∫´âÕπ 129 °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫§à“®â“ßµÕ∫·∑π, °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√·¢Áßµ—«¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥ 77 166 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√´àÕ¡·´¡¢Õß °“√∑”ß“π∑’ˬÿà߬“°´—∫´âÕπ 129 º‘«Àπ—ß 103 °“√∑”ß“π‡ªìπÕ“ “ ¡—§√ 166 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‰¥â¬‘π, 65 °“√∑”ß“π‰¡à‡µÁ¡‡«≈“, 166 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‰¥â¬‘π·≈– °“√∑”ß“π√à«¡°—π°—∫π—°‡√’¬π§πÕ◊Ëπ, °“√∑√ßµ—«, 65-7 164 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∑√ßµ—« 65 °“√∑”ß“π·≈–°“√√—∫®â“ß 165 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√∑√ßµ—«¢Õß ¡¥ÿ≈, °“√∑”ß“π·≈–°“√√—∫®â“ß 165-6 °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·≈–µ”·Àπàß, °“√∑”ß“π·≈–°“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ °“√ √ÿªº≈ 66 Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ 67 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√π”Õ“À“√‡¢â“, 81 °“√∑”ß“π·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√∑—Ë«‰ª °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ª√—∫§«∫§ÿ¡Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ 87 129-132 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√·ª≈߇ª≈’ˬπ “√Õ“À“√ °“√∑”ß“π “π°“√ª°ªÑÕߢÕߺ‘«Àπ—ß 103 83 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß 130 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√‡ÀÁπ 62, 63, 220, 225 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ߥ⫬µπ‡Õß 130 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ 62 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“߇ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ 130 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√ 67 °“√∑”ß“πÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß„À⇠√Á® ¡∫Ÿ√≥å 130 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ 67 °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«¥â«¬µπ‡Õß 129 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ, 48 °“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ 129 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π°“√ —¡º— 67, 125 °“√∑”µ“¡, 125 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π¢—∫∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– 83 °“√∑”µ“¡°Æ —ߧ¡·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’π‘¬¡ 160 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡∑π∑“π, 98-9 °“√∑”µ“¡§”·π–π”¢Õß·æ∑¬å, 152 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𧫓¡Õ¥∑πµàÕ°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß °“√∑”µ“¡·ºπ 57 °“¬, 80 °“√∑”∏ÿ√°‘®∑“߇»√…∞°‘®¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π, 166 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𮑵 —ߧ¡‚¥¬√«¡, 49 °“√∑”∏ÿ√°‘®∑“߇»√…∞°‘®·∫∫´—∫´âÕπ, °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πªí≠≠“ À¬—Ëß√Ÿâ,Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√ 167 √—∫√Ÿâ Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ 49, 53, 56, °“√∑”π‚¬∫“¬°“√„™â∑’Ë¥‘π„π™π∫∑¡“„™â 57 180 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“πæ≈«‘ —¬ 54 °“√∑”≈“¬‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß —ߧ¡∫â“π·≈– °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π¿“…“, 71 ∑’Ë¥‘π, 184 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“𠵑ªí≠≠“, 49 °“√∑” —≠≠“°“√∑”ß“π√–¬– —Èπ, 166 °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π √’√–«‘∑¬“ 10, 12 °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë,3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, °“√∑”ß“π¥â“π √’√–«‘∑¬“ 3, 10, 12 15, 18, 19, 20, 21, 212, 216

276 Index ICF

Driving a vehicle, 147 Economic resources, having Driving animal-powered vehicles, command over, 167 147 Economic self-sufficiency, 167 Driving human-powered Economic services, 200 transportation, 147 Economic services, systems and Driving motorized vehicles, 147 policies, 200 Drooling, 81 Economic systems, 201 Drug-induced altered Economic transactions, basic, 166 consciousness, 48 Economic transactions, complex, Drugs, 173 167 Drying oneself, 149 Ectopic pregnancy, 92 Dusting, 155 Education, 164, 176, 204-5 Dutch Collaborating Centre for Education, continuing, 204 ICIDH, 247 Education, informal, 164 Dwelling and furnishings, Education and training policies, 205 maintaining, 157 Education and training services, 204 Dysdiadochokinesia, 100 Education and training services, Dysfluency, 72 systems and policies, 204 Dyskinesia, 101 Education and training systems, 204 Dysmenorrhoea, 92 Education, assistive products and Dyspareunia, 92 technology, 176 Dysphagia, 81, 82 Education, attending school Dysphagia, oesophageal, 82 regularly, 164 Dysphagia, oral, 82 Education, college, 164 Dysphagia. pharyngeal, 82 Education, gaining admission to Dysphonia, 71 school, 164 Dyspnoea, 80 Education, medical school or other Dystonias, 98 professional school, 164 Dystonic movements, 101 Education, post-secondary educational institutions, 204 Ear, 109 Education, products and Ear, eustachian canal, 109 technology, 175 Ear, inner, 110 Education, professional schools, Ear, inner, functions of, 66 164 Ear, middle, 109 Education, school-related Ear, ossicles, 109 responsibilities and privileges, Ear, semicircular canals, 110 164 Ear, tympanic membrane, 109 Education, studying and Ear, vestibular labyrinth, 110 completing assigned tasks and Earthquakes, 184 projects, 164 Eating, 151 Education, university, 164 Eating implements, using, 151 Education, working cooperatively Echolalia, 54 with other students, 164 Echopraxia, 54 Educational toys, 176 Economic doctrines, 201 Educational uses of ICF, 5 Economic entitlements, public, Ejaculation, 90 having command over, 167 Elbow joint, 118 Economic life, 166-7 Elected officials, 206 Economic policies, 201 Electricity, 184, 195 Electrolyte balance, 86

277 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–§«“¡æ‘°“√ °“√·∫àßµ—«¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß 103 ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈, 3, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 15, °“√·∫àߪí𧫓¡ π„®, 53 16, 17, 20, 213 °“√·∫àß·¬°§«“¡ π„®, 53 °“√∑”Àπâ“∑’˵àÕ¡¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß 103 °“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æÕ‘ √– 166 °“√∑”Àπâ“∫÷Èß, 134 °“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√ 154 °“√∑”„À⇰‘¥√àÕߢÕß√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß 73 °“√ª√–°—π°“√µ°ß“π 201,202,203 °“√∑”„À⇰‘¥‡ ’¬ß‡ªìπ‡æ≈ß, 73 °“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ 5, 6, 201, 202 °“√∑”„Àâ‡≈◊Õ¥·¢Áßµ—« 77 °“√ª√–°“»¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ Àª√–™“™“µ‘ °“√∑’˪√–®”‡¥◊Õπ‰À≈≈ß, 91 ∑’ˇªìπ “°≈ ”À√—∫¡πÿ…¬™“µ‘ °“√·∑âß, 92 (1940), 170 °“√πÕπ§«Ë”Õ¬Ÿà°—∫∑’Ë 139 °“√ª√–‡¡‘π∑“ߧ≈‘π‘° 22, 47, 105, °“√πÕπ‰¡àÀ≈—∫, 52 124, 172, 221-2, 229, 231-2, °“√πÕπ≈ß, 138 242, 243-4, 250,251 °“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ 52 °“√ª√–‡¡‘π∑“ߥâ“π«‘™“™’æ 5 °“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ REM 52 °“√ª√–‡¡‘π∑“߇≈◊Õ°, 58 °“√π—Ëß 139 °“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈ —¡ƒ∑∏‘Ï∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ, 5, 23, °“√π—Ëߧÿ°‡¢à“, 138 220 °“√π—Ë߬ÕßÊ 138 °“√ª√–¬ÿ°µå„™â ICF °—∫ ÿ¢¿“殑µ, 220 °“√π—Ëß√∂≈“° 109 °“√ª√–¬ÿ°µå„™â °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕߺŸâ °“√𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â, 126-8 ŸßÕ“¬ÿ, 220 °“√𔇠πÕ¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 8 °“√ª√– “π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“® °“√π”Õ“À“√ 154 ¢Õß®‘µ„® 100 °“√π”Õ“À“√‰ª„Àâ√—∫ª√–∑“π, 155 °“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π¢«“ ´â“¬ 148 °“√·π–π”µπ‡Õß, 135, 160 °“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õßµ“·≈–‡¢â“„® °“√∫°æ√àÕß°“√‰¥â°≈‘Ëπ 67 „π°“√§«∫§¡ÿ °“√∫√√®ÿ‡¢â“∑”ß“π·≈–°“√‡≈‘°®â“ß 205 °“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À« °“√∫√‘°“√§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ¥â“π°“√¢π àß ¢Õߥ«ßµ“·≈–¡◊Õ, 100 202 °“√ª√– “π°“√∑”ß“π —Ëß°“√¥â“π´â“¬ °“√∫√‘°“√øóôπøŸ ¡√√∂¿“æ 5, 23, 203, ·≈–¢«“ 100 220, 246, 247, 250 °“√ª√– “πß“π¢Õßµ“∑—Èß Õߢâ“ß 64 °“√∫√‘°“√√–¬–¬“«, 203 °“√ª√—∫¢π“¥¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ °“√∫√‘°“√„Àâ°“√øóôπøŸ ¡√√∂¿“æ∑“ß°“√ Vasomotor function 75 ·æ∑¬å, 203 °“√ª√—∫µ—«„À⇢⓰—∫§«“¡¡◊¥ 63 °“√∫√‘À“√§«“¡µâÕß°“√ª√–®”«—π, 130 °“√ª√—∫µ—«„À⇢⓰—∫ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡, 214 °“√∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ, 6 °“√ª√—∫‡ª≈’ˬπ¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡, 5 °“√∫√‘À“√‡«≈“ 58 °“√ª√—∫‡ª≈’ˬπ·π«¢Õߧ≈◊Ëπ‡ ’¬ß„π °“√∫—ߧ—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®®‘µ„® °“√查, 72 100 °“√ª√—∫Õ“°“» 186 °“√∫—π∑÷°‡ªìπ≈“¬≈—°…≥åÕ—°…√ 127 °“√ª≈àÕ¬∫ÿ§§≈ 142 °“√∫“¥‡®Á∫, 4, 8, 212 °“√ª«¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, 92 °“√∫”∫—¥∑’ˉ¡à„™â¬“ 104 °“√ªÉ«¬∑“ß®‘µ, 19 °“√∫”∫—¥∑’ˉ¡à„™à¬“, 173 °“√ªÕ°Õ“À“√, 155 °“√∫‘¥‡∫’Ȭ«¢Õß¿“æ 63 °“√ªÑÕß°—π 199, 200 °“√∫’∫µ—«¥â“π∑“߇¥‘πÕ“À“√, 82 °“√ªí°ªÑ“¬·≈–µ‘¥‰ø∂ππ 180 °“√‡∫’ˬ߇∫π / À—π‡À§«“¡ π„®, 53 °“√ªí¥ΩÿÉπ, 155 °“√·∫àß°≈ÿà¡¢Õß ICF, °“√∑”ß“π, 220

277 Index ICF

Electronic mail, 196 Environment, current, 7, 11, 15, 19, Electro-optical devices, 175 24, 123, 214, 229, 230, 232, 238, Elephant riding, 148 239, 241, 252 Elimination of faeces, 83 Environment, immediate, 173 Emaciation, 84 Environment, social, 16, 20 Emergency services, 195, 198 Environment, standard or uniform, Emotion, appropriateness of, 55 3, 11, 15, 47, 105, 123, 124, 172, Emotion, range of, 55 214, 229, 230, 232, 252 Emotion, regulation of, 55, 160 Environmental control units, 174 Emotional functions, 55 Environmental disasters, 184 Emotionally inexpressive, 50 Environmental factors, 3, 4, 5, 8, Employees, 188 10, 13, 15, 16-9, 21, 22, 24, 123, Employers, 161, 165, 187 171, 213-4, 216, 219, 222, 224, Employment seeking, 165 225, 226, 229, 230, 232-3 239, Employment, acquiring, 165 233, 238, 243, 248 Employment, advancing through a Environmental factor, barrier, 11, job, 165 17, 22, 24, 171-2, 214, 222, 230, Employment, attending work on 232-3, 238, 243 time as required, 165, 166 Environmental factors, coding, 171 Employment, being hired and Environmental factor, facilitator, 6, accepting employment, 165 11, 17, 22, 24, 171-2, 214, 222, Employment, being supervised, 230, 232-3, 243 165, 166 Environmental factors, qualifier, Employment, full-time, 165, 166, 171 241 Environmental modification, 5 Employment, keeping, 165 Environmental planning policies, Employment, leaving a job, 165 194 Employment, obtaining promotion Environmental planning policy, 194 and other advancements, 165 Environmentally adjusted ability, Employment, part-time, 166 214 Employment, performing required Enzyme production and action, 82 tasks to get hired, 165 Ergonomics services, 205 Employment preparation Estate agencies, 195 programmes, engaging in, 165 Ethical guidelines for the use of ICF, Employment, products and 244-5 technology, 176 Etiquette, 191 Employment, seeking, 165 European Union, 206 Employment, seeking employment Evaluating options, 58 and getting a job, 165, 166 Event classification, 224 Employment, short-term contract Even-tempered, 50 work, 166 Exchanging capital or property, 167 Employment, supervising other Exchanging goods or services, 166 workers, 165, 166 Exclusion terms in ICF, 221 Employment, terminating, 165 Excretory functions, 89 Endocrine gland functions, 87 Executive functions, psychological Endocrine glands, 115 57 Energy, psychological, 51 Exercise tolerance functions, 80 Enunciation, 71 Experience of self and time, 60 Environment, actual 15, 229, 232 Experience-seeking, 50

278 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√ªíô¡ªí “«–ÕÕ°®“°°√–‡æ“– °“√‡º“º≈“≠‚ª√µ’π 85 ªí “«– 89 °“√‡º“º≈“≠‡¡µ∫Õ≈‘´÷¡ 85 °“√ªí “«–... 89 °“√ΩÉÕ≈’∫¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, 19 °“√ªí “«–§—Ëß 89 °“√Ωíߪ√– “∑ÀŸ‡∑’¬¡ 175 °“√ªí “«–‚¥¬‰¡à‰¥âµ—Èß„®, 89 °“√Ωñ°ß“π„π√–À«à“ß∑”ß“π, 165 °“√ªí “«–µ≈Õ¥‡«≈“ 89 °“√Ωñ°ß“π„π ∂“π∑’Ë∑’Ë°”Àπ¥„Àâ, 165 °“√ªí “«–πâÕ¬, 89 °“√Ωñ°ß“π·≈–°“√»÷°…“µàÕ 204 °“√ªïπ 145 °“√Ωñ°Õ“™’æ 164 °“√‡ªìπ§π√à“‡√‘ß 50 °“√Ωñ°Õ“™’æ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–§«“¡ °“√‡ªìπ‡®â“¢Õß√â“π§â“À√◊Õß“π∏ÿ√°‘®Õ◊ËπÊ, ª≈Õ¥¿—¬„π°“√∑”ß“π, 205 166 °“√æ—≤π“ 171 °“√‡ªìπÀ¡—π 92 °“√æ÷Ëßµπ‡Õß∑“߇»√…∞°‘®, 167 °“√‡ªìπ‡ÀπÁ∫ 67, 68, 103 °“√查 59, 134 °“√‡ª√’¬∫®ÿ¥»Ÿπ¬å∂à«ß¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ 139 °“√查®“À¬“∫§“¬ 101 °“√‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ 5 °“√查µ‘¥Õà“ß 72, 240 °“√‡ª≈à߇ ’¬ß 71 °“√查·∫∫´È”Ê 72 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕߪ√–™“°√ 182 °“√查·∫∫查™È”Ê 72 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ≈Õ¥™à«ß™’«‘µ, 218 °“√查‰¡à∂Ÿ°¢—¥®—ßÀ«–¢Õß°“√‰À≈¢ÕßπÈ” °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡°“≈‡«≈“ 185 72 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßµ“¡ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈ 184 °“√查√—« 72 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß∑“ß —ߧ¡ 20 °“√查‡ ’¬ß™â“ 72 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·≈–°“√§ßµ”·ÀπàߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ °“√‡æàß¡Õß®ÿ¥¬◊π¢Õßµ“, 64 138-41 °“√‡æâπ floaters or webbing 63 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·≈–°“√§ßµ”·ÀπàߢÕß√à“ß°“¬, °“√‡æâπ· ßÀ√◊Õ‰øß“π 63 138-41 °“√øíß, 125 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π, 138 °“√¡Õß‚≈°„π·ß॒, 50 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπÕ‘√‘¬“∫∂‰ª‡ªìπ∑à“‚æ ‡µ 138 °“√¡’®‘πµπ“°“√, 50 °“√‡ªÉ“, 79 °“√¡’‡™◊ÈÕÕ ÿ®‘πâÕ¬, 92 °“√‡ªî¥°«â“ßµàÕª√– ∫°“√≥å, 50 °“√¡’πÈ”π¡‰À≈¡“°, 92 °“√‡ªî¥¢«¥·≈–°√–ªÜÕß, 151, 152 °“√¡’πÈ”π¡‰À≈πâÕ¬ 92 °“√‡ªî¥ª¡°√–¥â“ß, 103 °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ§√—Èß·√°, 91, 227 °“√·ª√ßøíπ, 150 °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊ÕππâÕ¬‡°‘π‰ª, 91 °“√·ª≈ß —≠≠“≥¢Õß “√ 58, 59 °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õππ“π, 91 °“√·ª≈ªí≠À“∑’ˇªìπ§”查„ÀâÕÕ°¡“‡ªìπ«‘∏’ °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ¡“° 91 °“√¢Õß ‡≈¢§≥‘µ, 60 °“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ¡“°‡°‘π‰ª, 91 °“√‰ª™¡≈–§√ ¿“æ¬πµ√å 169 °“√¡’≈Ÿ° 162 °“√‰ª™¡ ∂“π∑’˵à“ßÊ ·≈–°“√∑àÕ߇∑’ˬ« °“√¡’ à«π√à«¡, 3, 6, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 168 16, 18, 20, 123, 213, 229, 234, °“√‰ª¥Ÿ»‘≈ª–¿“æ«“¥ 168 237 °“√‰ª¥Ÿ»‘≈ª–¿“æ«“¥·≈–°“√‰ª‡¬’ˬ¡™¡ °“√‰¡à¡’‡™◊ÈÕÕ ÿ®‘, 92 æ‘æ‘∏¿—≥±å, 168 °“√‰¡à¡’ªí “«– 89 °“√‰ª‡¬’ˬ¡‡æ◊ËÕπÀ√◊Õ≠“µ‘ 169 °“√‰¡à√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ 68 °“√‰ª‚√߇√’¬πÕ¬à“ß ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ, 164 °“√‰¡à· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ßÕ“√¡≥å, 50 °“√º≈—°«—µ∂ÿ 143 °“√¬°¢Õß, 141 °“√º ¡Õ“À“√, 155 °“√¬°¢Õß·≈–°“√¢π¢Õß 142 °“√º‘«ª“° 79, 185

278 Index ICF

Expressing customary greetings, Family relationships, creating and 135 maintaining, 162 Expressing with body language, 134 Family, extended, 163, 187 Expressing with drawings and Family, immediate, 187 photographs, 134 Farm animals, 183 Expressing with formal sign Farm lands, 180 language, 135 Fat metabolism, 86 Expressing with gestures, 134 Fatiguability, 80 Expressing with signs and symbols, Fear, 55 134 Feeling too fat or too thin, 61 Expressing with words, 134 Feelings, 55, 64 Expression of language, 59 Fertility, 92 Expression of language, sign, 59 Field trials, during ICIDH-2 Expression of language, spoken, 59 revision, 3, 248 Expression of language, written, 59 Financial organizations, 200 Extended family relationships, Finding solutions to questions or creating, 163 situations, 127 External ear, 109 Fine arts, engaging in or External genitalia, 116 appreciating, 169 External muscles of the eye, Fine hand use, 142 functions of, 64 Finger nails, 122 External nose, 111 Fire and life safety standards, 193 External ocular muscles, 109 Fire, emergency services, 133, 193, Extra-articular ligaments, fasciae, 198 extramuscular aponeuroses, Fitness, managing, 152 retinacula, septa, bursae, 121 Fixation of the eye, 64 Extraversion, 50 Flaccid dysarthria, 71 Eye, fixation of 64 Flatulence, 83-4 Eye foot coordination, 100 Floods, 184 Eye hand coordination, 100 Flora and fauna, 183 Eye, internal muscles, functions of, Fluency and rhythm of speech, 72 64 Focal dystonias, 97 Eye irritation, 64 Focusing attention, 126 Eye socket, 109 Following medical and other health Eye strain, 64 advice, 152 Eye, ear and related structures, 109- Following rules, 126 10 Food, 173 Eyeball, 109 Food, boiling and heating, 154 Eyeball, vitreous body, 109 Food, breakdown of, 83 Eyebrow, 109 Food, keeping fresh, 156 Eyelid, 109 Food, manipulating in the mouth, Eyelid protective reflex, 64 81 Eyelid, functions of, 64 Food, serving, 155 Food, shopping for, 154 Facilitator, environmental, 6, 11, 17, Footwear, fixing and polishing, 156 22, 24, 171, 172, 214, 222, 230, Footwear, putting on, 151 232, 233, 243 Footwear, taking off, 151 Faecal consistency, 83-4 Forearm, structure, 119 Faecal continence, 83-4 Forest fires, 184 Fallopian tubes, 116

279 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√¬Õ¡√—∫„π°“√¡’ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ, °“√· ¥ß °“√√—∫√Õߧÿ≥¿“æ, 5, 201 159 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ 48 °“√¬Õ¡√—∫Õ“À“√§«“¡∑“π∑πÕ“À“√ 83 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ, 5, 48, 49, 54, 58 °“√¬àÕ¬·¬°Õ“À“√, 83 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ, °“√ —¡º— 56 °“√¬â“¬ 58 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ°≈‘Ëπ 67 °“√¬â“¬∂‘Ëπ, 182 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ°≈‘Ëπ, 56 °“√¬È”§‘¥, 57 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, 67 °“√¬‘È¡ 134 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫™—Èπº‘«·≈–≈—°…≥–¢Õß™—Èπ °“√¬ÿµ‘ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ 160 º‘« 67 °“√‡¬Á∫ 156 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ 67 °“√‡¬’ˬ¡ 143 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢Õß°“√√—∫øíß, 55 °“√·¬°·¬–‡ ’¬ß 65 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡°¥¥—π 67 °“√·¬°·¬–‡ ’¬ß查 65 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡¢¡ 67 °“√·¬°·≈–°“√√«¡‡ ’¬ß 65 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡‡§Á¡ 67 °“√·¬°‡ ’¬ß 55 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡‡ª√’Ȭ« 67 °“√‚¥¬ “√√∂ª√–®”∑“ß, 147 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡‡¬Áπ·≈–§«“¡√âÕπ 67 °“√√«∫√«¡πÈ”ªí “«– 89 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ§«“¡À«“π 67 °“√√«∫√«¡ ‘Ëß®”‡ªìπª√–®”«—π 154 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“π°“√°–√–¬– 56 °“√√«¡µ—«°—π‚¥¬∫—߇Ց≠, 169 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“πµ—«∫ÿ§§≈, 49 °“√√à«¡‡æ» 90, 92 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¥â“π‡«≈“, 49 °“√√à«¡‡æ»√–À«à“ß°“√‰ª π“¡ 92 °“√√—∫√ŸâµàÕ°“√ —Ëπ –‡∑◊Õπ 68 °“√√âÕ߇æ≈ß 72, 73, 185 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ∂÷ß°“√∂÷ß°“√ —Ëπ –‡∑◊Õπ 67 °“√√âÕ߇ ’¬ß¥—ß 72 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ∂÷ß√à“ß°“¬¢Õßµπ, 60 °“√√âÕπ«Ÿ∫«“∫À≈—ß √–À«à“ßÀ¡¥ª√–®” °“√√—∫√Ÿâ∂÷߇հ≈—°…≥å¢Õßµπ‡Õß, 60 ‡¥◊Õπ, 92 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑“ß “¬µ“ 56 °“√√–∫“¬ ’, 134, 157 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥À¡“¬ 125 °“√√—°…“§«“¡≈—∫, ®√‘¬∏√√¡„π°“√„™â ICF °“√√—∫√Ÿâ„π à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬„πµ”·Àπàß 244 µà“ßÊ 67 °“√√—°…“§«“¡ –¥«° ∫“¬, 152 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¿“…“ 58 °“√√—°…“§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß‡æ» 163 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¿“…“‡¢’¬π 59 °“√√—°…“ß“π∑’Ë∑”Õ¬Ÿà, 165 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¿“…“楟 59 °“√√—°…“™àÕß«à“ß∑“ß —ߧ¡ 160 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ¿“…“¡◊Õ —¡¿“…≥å 59 °“√√—°…“πÈ”Àπ—° 84 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ√ ™“¥, 56 °“√√—°…“∫—≠™’‡ß‘π„π∏𓧓√, 167 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ·√ß°¥¥—π∑’ˇ°‘¥¢—Èπ°—∫º‘«Àπ—ßÀ√◊Õ °“√√—°…“‚¿™π“°“√ 152 ∫πº‘«Àπ—ß 68 °“√√—°…“√–¥—∫§«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ, 76 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ ‘Ëß∑’ˇªìπÕ—πµ√“¬ 67 °“√√—°…“ ¡¥ÿ≈¢ÕßπÈ” 86 °“√√—∫«—µ∂ÿ 143 °“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë π‘∑™‘¥™Õ∫°—π 163 °“√√—∫ —¡º— ‰¥â¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘, 68 °“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ·∫∫≈÷°´÷Èß 163 °“√√—∫ —¡º— ∑’ˇæ’Ȭπ°«à“ª°µ‘, 67, 68 °“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ßæ’ËπâÕß 163 °“√√à“ß¿“æ 134 °“√√—∫®â“ß∑”ß“π‡ªìππ—°‡¢’¬πÕ‘ √–À√◊Õ‡ªìπ °“√√“¬ß“π¢à“«, ∫√‘°“√¢à“« “√ 164, 204 ∑’˪√÷°…“ß“π 166 °“√√“¬ß“πº≈°“√∑”ß“π¢Õßµπ‡Õß, 165 °“√√—∫®â“ß·≈–°“√‰¥â√—∫°“√®â“ßß“π, 165 °“√√’¥‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“, 156 °“√√—∫πÈ”°≈—∫§◊π 86 °“√√Ÿâ®—°·≈–ª√–¡“≥°“√„π‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡ °“√√—∫ª√–∑“πÕ“À“√, 151 —¡æ—π∏å¢Õßµ—«‡Õß°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ 48 °“√√—∫√Õߧÿ≥¿“æ 5 °“√√Ÿâµ—« 48

279 Index ICF

Formal associations, engaging in, Global mental functions. 48-52 168 Global psychosocial functions, 49 Formal sign language, 134, 135 Globus feeling, 84 Foster parents, 187 Gloomy, 50 French Collaborating Centre for Gluten intolerance, 83 ICIDH, 247 Goal-directed behaviours, 57 Friends, 187 Good life, 211 Friendships, creating, 162 Government, local, regional and Friendships, finding and national, 206 establishing, 160 Governmental life of a citizen, Frigidity, 90 enjoying, 170 Frontal lobes, 57 Grammatical structures, organizing, Frowning, 134 59 Frozen joints, 94 Grandparents., 163, 187 Frozen pelvis, 95 Grasping objects, 142 Frozen scapula, 95 Greeting, expressing customary, Frozen shoulder, 94 135 Fuel, getting, 154 Guardians, 162, 187 Fugue, 48 Gums, 111 Functional stimulation devices, 174 Gustatory perception, 56 Functioning, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 15, 18, 19, 20, 21, 212, 216 Habits, 17 functioning, process of, 18 Haematological and immunological Furnishing a place to live, 153 systems, functions of, 76-8 Furniture, 129, 156, 174 Hair and nails, functions of, 104 Furniture, arranging a living space Hair, functions of, 103, 104, 149 with furniture, 153 Hair, growth, 104 Hair, structure, 122 Gagging, 80 Hand and arm use, 143 Gait, 54, 100, 102 Hand and eye coordination, 54 Gait pattern, 102 Hand, structure, 119 Galactorrhoea, 92 Handicap, 3, 211, 213, 242 Gall bladder and ducts, 115 Handicrafts, engaging in, 169 Games, engaging in, 169 Handling crises, 131 Garbage, disposing of, 156 Handling distraction, 131 Gender, 7, 17, 214 Handling objects, 142 General tasks and demands, 129- Handling responsibilities, 131 132 handling stress, 129, 131 Genetic abnormality, 13 Handling stress and other Genetic predisposition, 16, 212 psychological demands, 131 Genital and reproductive functions, Hard palate, 111 89-93 Harvesting vegetables and fruits, Genitalia, 116 154 Genitourinary and reproductive Hate, 55 structures, 116-7 Head and neck region, structure, Geriatric applications, 220 118 Geriatrics, 23 Headache, 241 Gestures, expressing with, 134 Healing, 103 Glans penis, 117 Health and safety boards, 195 Glasses and contact lenses, 175 Health advice, following, 152

280 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√√Ÿâ ÷°«à“∑âÕßÕ◊¥‡øÑÕ, 84 °“√«“ßπ‚¬∫“¬∑“ß —ߧ¡ 5 °“√‡√Õ, 81 °“√«“ß·ºπ 5, 57, 155, 157, 180, 194 °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ°“√∂°ªí≠À“ 136 °“√«“ß·ºπ, 130 °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ°“√À≈—∫ 52 °“√«“ß·ºπ°“√¢π àß 197 °“√‡√‘Ë¡µâπ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ 160 °“√«“ß·ºπ·≈–°“√æ—≤π“æ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“ °“√‡√’¬°§«“¡®”°≈—∫§◊π, 54 180 °“√‡√’¬°À“, °“√‡√’¬°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ 53, 54 °“√«“ß·ºπ ”À√—∫°‘®°√√¡µà“ßÊ 130 °“√‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ 60 °“√«“¥ 103 °“√‡√’¬π∑’Ë∫â“π, 164 °“√«“¥ 155 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π, 125-6 °“√«“¥·ºπº—ß 134 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√‡¢’¬π, 125 °“√«“¥¿“æ 81, 134 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√§”π«≥, 126 °“√«à“¬πÈ” 145 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√Õà“π, 125 °“√«‘Ëß 145 °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–°“√𔧫“¡√Ÿâ‰ª„™â, 125-8 °“√«‘®—¬ ÿ¢¿“æ, 4, 5 °“√‰√âª√– ∫°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ, 15, 123, 229 °“√«‘π‘®©—¬ 3, 4 °“√≈¥≈ߢÕߪ√‘¡“≥‡≈◊Õ¥∑’Ë Ÿ∫©’¥, 74 °“√«‘æ“°…å«‘®“√≥å„π —¡æ—π∏¿“æ 159 °“√≈Õ°‡≈’¬π·∫∫ 125 °“√»÷°…“, 164, 176, 204-5 °“√≈â“ß®“π™“¡ À¡âÕ °√–∑– ·≈–Õÿª°√≥å °“√»÷°…“°àÕπ«—¬‡√’¬π 91 ∑”Õ“À“√Õ◊ËπÊ 155 °“√»÷°…“°“√„™â ICF, 5 °“√≈”≈—°Õ“À“√ 81 °“√»÷°…“¢—Èπª∞¡ 203 °“√≈”‡≈’¬ßÕ“À“√ºà“π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ °“√»÷°…“µàÕ 204 ·≈–≈”‰ â 83 °“√»÷°…“πÕ°√–∫∫, 164 °“√≈‘È¡√ 67, 125 °“√»÷°…“„π‚√߇√’¬π 164 °“√‡≈àπ¢Õ߇¥Á° 169 °“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫«‘∑¬“≈—¬, 164 °“√‡≈àπ¥πµ√’ 168-9 °“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫ Ÿß „π¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬, 164 °“√‡≈àπ °’ 146 °“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫ Ÿß, 164 °“√‡≈àπ‡ ’¬ß„π‡¥Á°‡≈Á°, 72, 73 °“√»÷°…“‚√߇√’¬π∑ÿ°ª√–‡¿∑∑’Ë¡’Àπâ“∑’˧«“¡ °“√‡≈àπÀ¡“°√ÿ° 169 √—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ ·≈– ‘∑∏‘摇»…∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ °“√‡≈‘°®â“ß∫√‘°“√, 205 °“√®—¥°“√»÷°…“, 164 °“√‡≈’ȬߥŸ 17 °“√»÷°…“·≈–°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˉ¥â√—∫¡Õ∫À¡“¬®π °“√‡≈’Ȭ߇¥Á°, 188 ‡ √Á® ¡∫Ÿ√≥å ·≈–‚§√ß°“√µà“ßÊ, 164 °“√‡≈’¬π·∫∫, 125 °“√ àߢâÕ§«“¡∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ¿“…“查, 134 °“√‡≈◊Õ°„™â‡ ◊ÈպⓄÀ⇢⓰—∫¿“«–Õ“°“» 151 °“√ à߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ, 6 °“√‡≈◊Õ°√—∫∑“πÕ“À“√∑’Ë¡’ª√–‚¬™πå, 152 °“√ π„®„π ¿“æ∑“ß°“¬ 57 °“√‡≈◊Õ°„ à‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ 151 °“√ π∑π“ 135, 136 °“√·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ∑ÿπ∑√—æ¬åÀ√◊Õ∑√—æ¬å ‘π, °“√ π∑π“, °“√¥”‡π‘πµàÕ, 135 167 °“√ π∑π“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ëߧπ 135 °“√·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ ‘π§â“, 166 °“√ π∑π“°—∫∫ÿ§§≈À≈“¬§π 136 °“√·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ ‘π§â“À√◊Õ∫√‘°“√, 166 °“√ π∑π“·≈–°“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ ·≈–‡∑§π‘§ °“√«—¥§à“¢Õß°“√¡’ ÿ¢¿“æ∑’Ë¥’·≈– ICF „π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ 135-7 251 °“√ √â“ß enzyme ·≈–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß °“√«—¥§à“§«“¡√ÿπ·√ߢÕß°“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ, °√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√, 82 226 °“√ √â“߇§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬·≈– —≠≈—°…≥å∑’Ë™—¥‡®π °“√«—¥√–¥—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–„™â„π°“√µ‘¥µ“¡ 134 ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õߪ√–™“°√∑—Èߪ√–‡∑» 4 °“√ √â“ßπÈ”¥’, 82 °“√«“ߢÕß≈ß 141 °“√ √â“ßπÈ”≈“¬ 81

280 Index ICF

Health, avoiding risks to, 152 Herbs, 173 Health care systems, 5, 6 Heritage or conservation policies, Health care workers, 5 194 Health, components of 4 Higher education, 164 Health condition, 3, 4, 7, 8, 13, 16, Hip joint, 120 17, 19, 212, 224 HIV-positivity, 16, 19 Health condition, etiology of, 4, 13 Hoarseness, 71 Health, determinants of, 4 Hobbies, engaging in, 169 Health domains, 3, 7, 22, 211-2 Home, acquiring, 153 Health information systems, 5 Hopeful, feeling of being, 50 Health insurance, 5, 201 Hormonal balance, 87 Health, looking after one's, 152 Horse riding, 148 Health outcomes, 4, 5 Horse-drawn cart, driving, 147 Health outcome evaluation, 5, 23, Hospitals, 203, 204 220 Hot flushes during menopause, 92 Health policies, 5, 204 House-building, 193 Health professionals, 188 Household tasks, 154-6 Health promotion, 6 Household items, shopping for, 154 Health promotion and disease Housing organizations, 195 prevention services, 203 Housing policies, 195 Health-related domains, 3, 7, 8, 21- Housing services, 195 2, 212 Housing services, systems and Health research, 4, 5 policies, 194 Health services, systems and Housing systems, 195 policies, 203 Human resources and personnel Health states, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 15, 16, 17, management services, 205 20, 21, 22, 212, 220 Human rights, 6, 20, 170 Health statistics, 5 Human-caused events, 184 Health system, 203, 212 Human-made products, 173 Health-related domains, 3, 7, 8, 21, Humidity, 183, 186 22, 212 Humming, 72, 73 Health-related states, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, Hurricanes, 184 16, 22, 212 Husband, relating to or as, 163 Hearing aids,, 175 Hydramnios, 92 Hearing and vestibular functions, Hydronephrosis, 89 65-7 Hypaesthesia, 68 Hearing functions, 65 Hypalgesia, 68 Heart, 113 Hyperacidity of stomach, 82 Heart beat, irregular, 74 Hyperadrenalism, 87 Heart failure, 74 Hyperaesthesia, 67, 68 Heart functions, 74 Hypercalcaemia, 86 Heart rate, 74 Hypergonadism, 87 Heart rhythm, 74 Hyperkalaemia, 86 Heart valves, functions of, 74 Hypermenorrhoea, 91 Heart, atria, 113 Hypermobility of joints, 94 Heart, ventricles, 113 Hypermotility of intestines, 82 Heartburn, 84 Hypernasality, 71 Hemiparesis, 96, 97, 99, 226 Hypernatraemia, 86 Hemiplegia, 96, 97, 99 Hyperparathyroidism, 87 Hemiplegic gait, 102 Hyperpathia, 68

281 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√ √â“ßπÈ”≈“¬¡“°‡°‘π‰ª 81 °“√ —Ëπ –‡∑◊Õπ 186 °“√ √â“ß∫â“π, 193 °“√ —¡º— 67 °“√ √â“ß¿“æ«“¥·≈–¿“æ∂à“¬ 134 °“√ —¡¿“…≥åß“π‡æ◊ËÕ‡¢â“∑”ß“π, 165 °“√ √â“ß¡‘µ√¿“æ, 162 °“√ ”√«® à«πª√–™“°√ 5 °“√ √â“߇≈◊Õ¥, 74, 76 °“√ ”≈Õ°Õ“À“√ 82 °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ¢Õß °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ 133-7 ¡“™‘°§√Õ∫§√—«°—∫≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ, 162 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ 14, 196, 234, 235, 253 °“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√√—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ·∫∫ °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¢âÕ§«“¡ ≈÷°´÷Èß 163 ¿“…“查, 133 °“√ √â“ß ¡√√∂¿“æ, 8, 11, 14-5, 17, °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¢âÕ§«“¡∑’Ë 19, 22, 23, 24, 123-4, 216, 229- ‡ªìπ≈“¬≈—°…≥åÕ—°…√ 134 32, 235, 237 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¢âÕ§«“¡∑’Ë °“√ √â“ß –°—¥·º≈ 103 ¡‘„™à¿“…“查 133 °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫ 162 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¢âÕ§«“¡ °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫§π∑’Ë√Ÿâ®—°°—π 162 ¿“…“¡◊Õ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√ 134 °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫≠“µ‘µà“ßÊ, 163 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫ºŸâ∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬√à«¡°—π ·≈– —≠≈—°…≥å∑—Ë«‰ª 133 162 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¥â«¬∑à“∑“ß °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ 162 133 °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π 162 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ - ¥â“π°“√√—∫ - ¿“懢’¬π °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡√ÿàπ, 162 ·≈–¿“æ∂à“¬ 133 °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫‡æËÕπ√◊ à«¡ß“π 160 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√¥â«¬Õ—°…√ Braille, 134 °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ√ÿàπ‡¥’¬«°—π °“√ ◊ËÕ “√ - ¥â“π°“√ àß 133-5 162 °“√ ◊ËÕ “√¡«≈™πºà“π∑“ߧա摫‡µÕ√å °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑“ß —ߧ¡∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ 199, 200 ∑“ß°“√ 161 °“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ 60 °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√ 161 °“√‡ «π“ 136 °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫ °“√‡ ’¬§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°µ—« 48 §π∑’Ë√Ÿâ®—°°—π, 162 °“√‡ ’¬‚©¡ 19 °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫ °“√‡ ’¬« ÿ¥¬Õ¥∑“߇æ», 90, 91, 92 ºŸâ∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬√à«¡°—π, 162 °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¿“æ, ¿“«–∫°æ√àÕß, 3-4, 8, °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫ 10, 11-13, 15, 16, 9, 22, 24, 47, ‡æ◊ËÕπ, 162 105, 213 °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫ °“√‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ¡√√∂¿“æ∑“߇æ», 90 ‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π, 162 °“√· ¥ß°“√‡§“√æπ—∫∂◊Õ·≈–§«“¡Õ∫Õÿàπ °“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫ ¡√√∂¿“æ 159 ‡æ◊ËÕπ√ÿàπ‡¥’¬«°—π, 162 °“√· ¥ß¥â«¬∑à“∑“ß, 134 °“√ «¥ 72, 73 °“√· ¥ßªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏嵓¡°Æ¢Õß —ߧ¡ 160 °“√ «¡√Õ߇∑â“, 151 °“√· ¥ß¿“…“∑“ß°“¬, 134 °“√ Õ¥·∑√°∑“ߧ«“¡§‘¥ 57 °“√· ¥ß —¡æ—π∏§«“¡Õ¥°≈—Èπ 159 °“√ –°¥§” 125 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°¥â«¬¿“æ«“¥·≈–¿“æ∂à“¬, °“√ – ¡ “√Õ“À“√„π√à“ß°“¬ 83 134 °“√ —ߧ¡ 169 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°¥â«¬¿“…“∑“ß°“¬, 134 °“√ —߇§√“–Àå “√‡™‘ß´âÕπ 67 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°¥â«¬°“√„™â∑à“∑“ß, 134 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°¥â«¬§”查, 134

281 Index ICF

Hyperpituitarism, 87 ICF, presentation of, 8 Hypersensitivity reactions, 78 ICF, properties of, 7 Hypersensitivity to light, 63 ICF, research versions of, 250 Hypersomnia, 52 ICF, satisfaction or feeling of Hypertension, 76 involvement or satisfaction, Hyperthermia, 87 coding, 224 Hyperthyroidism, 85, 87 ICF, short (concise) version, 9, 21, Hypertonia, 97 250 Hyperventilation, 78 ICF, structural features of, 21 Hypoadrenalism, 87 ICF, training materials, 252 Hypocalcaemia, 86 ICF, use of, 21 Hypogeusia, 67 ICIDH, 1980, 3, 5, 7, 12, 18, 211, Hypogonadism, 87 213, 244, 246, 247, 248, 249 Hypokalaemia, 86 ICIDH revision, 246-9 Hypomenorrhoea, 91 Ideation, 56, 57 Hyponasality, 71 Ideologies, 17, 190, 191 Hyponatraemia, 86 Imaginative, 50 Hypoparathyroidism, 87 Imitating, 125 Hypopituitarism, 87 Immune response, 77 Hyposensitivity to light, 63 Immune response, non-specific, 77 Hyposmia, 67 Immune response, specific, 77 Hypotension, 76 Immune system, structure, 113 Hypothermia, 87 Immunological system functions, Hypothyroidism, 85, 87 77 Hypotonia, 97 Impairment, 3-4, 8, 10, 11-13, 15, Hypotonic urinary bladder, 89 16, 19, 22, 24, 47, 105, 213 Impairment, identifying, 226-7 ICD-10, 4, 13, 219, 246 Impairment, scaling severity, 226 Ice-storms, 184 Impairments, interrelationship ICF browser, 225 between, 227 ICF constructs, 3, 8, 18, 19 Impotence, 90 ICF databases, 251 Impulse control, 51 ICF, aims of, 5 Inattentive, 50 ICF, applications, 5 Income support services, 201, 202 ICF, case-recording forms, 251 Incontinence, overflow, 89 ICF, clinical use versions, 250 Incontinence, reflex, 89 ICF, computerization, 251 Incontinence, stress, 89 ICF and data comparability, 5 Incontinence, urge, 89 ICF, definitions in, 221 Individual perspective on ICF, exclusion terms in, 221 functioning and disability, 3, 7, ICF, as a framework, 3, 4, 6, 7, 16, 8, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 213 251 Individual’s health profile, coding, ICF, full (detailed) version, 9, 12, 224 21, 250 Indoor air quality, 186 ICF, future directions, 250 Informal associations, engaging in, ICF, inclusion terms in, 221 168 ICF, minimal health information, informal or casual gatherings, 253 engaging in, 169 ICF, operational definitions in, 21, Informal relationships with 217, 221, 251 acquaintances, creating, 162

282 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°¥â«¬‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬·≈– °“√À“§«“¡ πÿ° π“π À√◊Õ°“√ π„®Õ◊ËπÊ, —≠≈—°…≥å, 134 °“√‰ª√à«¡ß“π 85 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°¥â«¬¿“…“¡◊Õ·∫∫‡ªìπ °“√À“ß“π·≈–°“√‰¥âß“π, 165, 166 ∑“ß°“√, 135 °“√À“‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß, 154 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“, 59 °“√À“´◊ÈÕ ‘π§â“·≈–∫√‘°“√ 153 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“‚¥¬°“√‡¢’¬π, 59 °“√À“∑𓬧«“¡‡æ◊ËÕ«à“§«“¡„Àâ, 198 °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“‚¥¬°“√查, 59 °“√À“∑“ß·°â‰¢ªí≠À“À√◊Õ ∂“π°“√≥å °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°∑“ß¿“…“‚¥¬„™â¿“…“¡◊Õ, 127 59 °“√À“∑’Ë¡“¢Õßµâ𰔇𑥇 ’¬ß, 65 °“√· «ßÀ“ß“π∑”, 165 °“√À“∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ 153 °“√· «ßÀ“ª√– ∫°“√≥å, 50 °“√À“¬„®∑“ߪ“°, 79 °“√„ à√–À— ¢Õß ICF „π‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡ °“√À“¬„®πâÕ¬À√◊Õ“°“√À“¬„®µ◊Èπ 78 æ÷ßæÕ„® À√◊Õ§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° ¢Õß°“√¡’ °“√À“¬„®·ºà« 78 à«π√à«¡, 224 °“√À“¬„®Ωó¥ 78 °“√„ à√–À— ¢Õßªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ °“√À“¬„®¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘, 78 228 °“√À“¬„®‰¡àª°µ‘, 78 °“√„ à√–À— ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∑”ªŸ¡¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈, °“√À“¬„®‰¡à ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ 79 224 °“√À“« 79 °“√„ à‡ ◊Èպⓠ151 °“√À“ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π·≈–°“√‡≈◊Õ°ß“π, °“√À¥‡°√Áß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, 101 165 °“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ °“√À“ ‘Ëß∑Ë®”‡ª’ ìπ 153-4 Õ”π“®®‘µ„®, 99, 101 °“√‡ÀÁπ§ÿ≥§à“°“√· ¥ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ 159 °“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ °“√‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬√–¬–‰°≈¥â«¬µ“¢â“߇¥’¬«, 62 Õ”π“®®‘µ„®, 99 °“√‡ÀÁπ„π√–¬–„°≈â¥â«¬µ“ 2 ¢â“ß, 62 °“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·∫∫‰¡à‰¥â®ß„® °“√‡ÀÁπæâÕߢÕß∑’˪√–™ÿ¡ ¡—™™“Õߧ尓√ 101 Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° 3, 25, 246, 249 °“√À¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ„À≠à∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ° °“√„Àâ°“√∫√‘°“√ à߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– ‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“®®‘µ„®, 100 ªÑÕß°—π‚√§, 203 °“√À¡¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, 91, 92, 93, 227 °“√„Àâπ¡, 92 °“√À¡ÿπ√Õ∫„π√–À«à“߇«≈“°≈“ß«—π 52 °“√„Àâª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√ 13 °“√À¡ÿπÀ√◊Õ°“√∫‘¥¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ·¢π 143 °“√„À⺟âÕ◊Ëπµ√«®ß“π¢Õßµπ, 165, 166 °“√À¬—ß√Ÿâ, 58 °“√‰À≈‡«’¬π¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥„π °“√À¬‘∫¢Õß 142 À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥” 75 °“√À¬ÿ¥À“¬„® 78 °“√Õπÿ√—°…å¡√¥°À√◊Õπ‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√ °“√À≈∫Àπâ“ 51 Õπÿ√—°…å, 194 °“√À≈Õ°≈«ß 51 °“√Õâ«π, 84 °“√À≈àÕ≈◊Ëπ¿“¬„π™àÕߧ≈Õ¥ 90 °“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ßµ“¡ ¡§«√ 152 °“√À≈—Ëß 6, 13 °“√ÕÕ°®“°ß“π, 165 °“√À≈—Ëß 90 °“√ÕÕ°®“°ß“πÀ√◊Õ°“√‡≈‘°∑”ß“π, 165 °“√À≈—ËߢÕߪ√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, 91 °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫ 194 °“√À≈—ËßπÈ”π¡ 48 °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß, 71 °“√À≈—Ë߇√Á« 92, 212 °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß∂Ÿ°µâÕß 125 °“√À≈—∫·∫∫‰¡à√Ÿâµ—«, 52 °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡ªìπÀπ૬§” 71 °“√À«’º¡ 150 °“√ÕÕ¡‡ß‘π 166 °“√À—π‡À§«“¡ π„®¢Õ߇ ’¬ß 185 °“√Õ“‡®’¬π 81,82 °“√Õà“π 127

282 Index ICF

Informal relationships with co- Intestinal paralysis, 82 inhabitants, creating, 162 Intimate relationships, maintaining, Informal relationships with friends, 163 creating, 162 Intonation, 72 Informal relationships with Introducing oneself, 135, 160 neighbours, creating, 162 Introversion, 50 Informal relationships with peers, Involuntary contraction of muscles, creating, 162 99 Information matrix, 14, 15, 229, Involuntary contractions of large 235, 236, 237 muscles, 100 Information systems, 5 Involuntary contractions of Ingestion functions, 81 muscles, 99, 101 Inhibition, 50 Involuntary movement, 100, 101 Injury, 4, 8, 212 Involuntary movement reaction, Inquisitive, 50 100 In-service training, 165 Involvement in a life situation, 10, Insight, 58 14, 15, 123, 213, 214, 229, 234, Insomnia, 52 237 Institutionalization, 19 Iris, 109 Insurance services, 200 Iron deficiency, 86 Intellectual functions, 49 Ironing clothes, 156 Intellectual growth, 49 Irregular heartbeat, 80 Intellectual retardation, 49 Irregular breathing, 78 Interacting according to social Irresponsible, 50 rules, 160 Irritable, 50 Interacting, regulating behaviours within, 160 interactions, 160 Jamais vu, 61 Intercostal muscles, 114 Job, interview for, 165 Intermittent claudication, 75 Job, leaving or quitting, 165 International classifications, WHO Job, maintaining, 165 family of, 3, 4 Job placement services, 205 International Organization for Job-related tasks, performing, 165 Standardization (ISO), 173, 192, Job resume, preparing, 165 251 Joints and bones, functions of, 94-5 International political Joints of hand and fingers, 119 organizations, 192, 206 Joints of head and neck region, 118 Internet, 196, 199, 200 Joint, mobility of, 94 Internship, 165 Joints of pelvic region, 119 Interpersonal interactions and Joints, range and ease of movement relationships, 159-63 of, 94 Interpersonal interactions, basic, Joints of shoulder region, 118 159 Joy, 55 Interpersonal interactions, Judgement, 58 complex, 160 Jumping, 145 Interpersonal interactions, General 159-61 Keloid formation, 103 Interpersonal relationships, Kerb cuts, 171, 180, 232 Particular, 161-3 Kicking, 142 Intervention matching, ICF use, 251 Kidney, 116 Intestinal obstruction, 82 Kidneys, functions of, 89

283 ICF ¥√√™π’ °“√Õà“π‡æ◊ËÕ§«“¡‡æ≈‘¥‡æ≈‘π 168, 169 ¢Õ߇≈àπ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√»÷°…“, 176 °“√Õà“π√‘¡Ω望° 136 ¢âÕ®”°—¥¢Õß°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡, 3, 7, 8, 14, °“√Õà“πÕ—°…√ Braille, 125 15, 19, 123, 213, 229 °“√Õÿ¥µ—π¢Õß∑àÕ‰µ 89 ¢âÕµàÕ¢ÕߢâÕ¡◊Õ 119 °“√‰Õ 79 ¢âÕµàÕ¢Õ߇∑â“ ¢âÕ‡∑â“ ·≈–π‘È«‡∑â“ 120 °“√Œ—¡‡æ≈ß, 72, 73 ¢âÕµàÕ¢Õß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à, 118 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ∂÷ß°“√ —Ëπ –‡∑◊ÕπÀ√◊Õ°“√À¡ÿπ 68 ¢Õµâ àÕ¢Õß¡◊Õ·≈–π‘È«¡◊Õ, 119 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, 96-7 ¢âÕµàÕ¢Õ߻հ, 118 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß, ¢âÕµàÕ¢Õß –‚æ°, 120 96 ¢âÕµàÕ¢ÕßÀ—«‡¢à“, 120 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, 97 ¢âÕµàÕ∫√‘‡«≥»’√…–·≈–≈”§Õ, 118 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢â“ß„¥¢â“ß ¢âÕµàÕ∫√‘‡«≥Õÿâ߇™‘ß°√“π, 119 Àπ÷Ëß, 96, 226 ¢âÕµ‘¥, 94 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·¢π·≈–¢“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥, 96 ¢Õ∫‡¢µ,§«“¡∫°æ√àÕß 3, 7, 8, 10, 14, °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ√à“ß°“¬ à«π≈à“ß, 96 15, 21, 22, 216 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ≈”µ—«, 97 ¢Õ∫‡¢µß“π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 7 °”≈—ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, ¢Õ∫‡¢µ à«πª√–°Õ∫∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ, 96 3, 7, 8, 21-2, 212 °‘®°√√¡ 3, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14-7, ¢Õ∫‡¢µ à«πª√–°Õ∫∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ, 21, 24, 123, 213, 223, 229, 234, 3, 7, 8, 21, 22, 212 236, 237 ¢Õ∫‡¢µ ÿ¢¿“æ, 3, 7, 22, 211-2 °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ 22 ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√‡°‘¥‚√§, 4, 13 °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ 3, 7, 8, 10, ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫ “‡Àµÿ°“√µ“¬, 4 11, 13, 14-17, 21, 22, 24, 123, ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ Õ¬à“߬àÕ¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 211, 214, 216, 219, 220, 222, 253 224, 226, 229-33, 234-7 ¢“ÕàÕπµâπ¢“ 119 °‘®°“√∫â“π®—¥ √√, 195 ¢’ȇ°’¬®, 50 °‘√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —Ëß°“√, ¢’È¢≈“¥ 51 99 ¢’ËÕŸ∞, 148 °‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π¢Õߪ√– “∑ —Ëß°“√µàÕ ‡¢â“‰ªÀ“ 15, 16 °“√¬÷¥ 99 ·¢π à«πµâπ 118 °‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°µ—«°√–µÿâπ∑’Ë ‰¢°√–¥Ÿ°, 113 ‡ªìπÕ—πµ√“¬ 99 ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß 107 °‘√‘¬“ πÕß©—∫æ≈—π∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°µ—«°√–µÿâπ ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß,‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß∑’Ë§Õ 107 ¿“¬πÕ° 99 ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß,‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß∑’ˇի·≈–°√–‡∫πÀ≈—ß °’ËÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡≈◊Õ°µ—Èß 170, 206 108 ‡°â“Õ’È≈âÕ‡≈◊ËÕπ,°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë¿“¬„πµ—«Õ“§“√ ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß,‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß à«πÕ° 107 174 - 5, 239 ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß, à«πª≈“¬¢Õ߉¢ —πÀ≈—ß 108 ¢π∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡ 190 §π∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“®‡Àπ◊Õ°«à“, 187 ¢π∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡«—≤π∏√√¡,°“√‡≈◊Õ°„ à‡ ◊Èպⓠ§π·ª≈°Àπâ“ 188 151 §π√Ÿâ®—° 187 ¢¬âÕπ 80 §√Õ∫§√—«„°≈♑¥, 187 ¢âÕ‡§≈◊ËÕπ,§«“¡‰¡à¡—Ëπ§ß¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°À—«‰À≈à §√Ÿ 164, 187, 188 94 §≈‘µÕ√‘ 116 ¢Õß¿“«– 48 §≈‘π‘° 203, 204

283 Index ICF

Kinaesthesia, 67 Legislation, regulations and Knee joint, 120 standards, 193, 194, 195, 197, Kneeling, 138 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, Kneeling position, maintaining, 140 205, 206 Knowledge, applying, 126-8 Lens of eyeball, 109 Labia majora, 116 Leprosy, 19 Labia minora, 116 Life areas, 14, 123, 234, 235 Labour and employment policies, 5, Life events, 17 206 Life experiences, 214 Labour and employment services, Life span, variations, 218 205 Lifestyle, 17 Labour and employment services, Lifting objects, 141 systems and policies, 205 Lifts or elevators, escalators, 178 Labour and employment systems, Ligaments and fasciae of ankle and 205 foot, 120 Labour relations services, 205 Ligaments and fasciae of forearm, Labour standards and law, 205, 206 119 Lachrymal gland, 109 Ligaments and fasciae of hand, 119 Lachrymal glands, functions of, 64 Ligaments and fasciae of head and Lactation, 92 neck region, 118 Land development, products and Ligaments and fasciae of lower leg, technology, 180 120 Land forms, 182 Ligaments and fasciae of pelvic Land use policies, 180 region, 119 Language, integrated functions of, Ligaments and fasciae of shoulder 59 region, 118 Language, mental functions of, 58 Ligaments and fasciae of thigh, 120 Large intestine, 115 Ligaments and fasciae of trunk, 121 Larynx, 112 Ligaments and fasciae of upper arm, Larynx, functions of, 71 118 Law reform, and ICF, 5, 6 Light, 184 Laziness, 50 Light intensity, 184 Learning, basic, 125-6 Light quality, 184 Learning and applying knowledge, Light sensitivity, 63, 225 125-8 Lighting, artificial, 184 Learning at home, 164 Limping, 102 Learning to calculate, 126 Lips, 111 Learning to read, 125 Listening, 125 Learning to write, 125 Lived experience of disability, 15, Leg, structure, 120 123, 229 Legal policies, 198 Liver, 115 Legal services, 198 Localisation of sound source, 65 Legal services, systems and policies, Locating and choosing a job, 165 198 Long-term care services, 203 Legal standing as a citizen, Love, 55 enjoying, 170 Low backache or pain, 69 Legal status as a citizen, enjoying, Lower extremity, structure, 119 170 Lower leg, structure, 120 Legislation and laws, 19, 195, 198, Lumbar vertebral column, 121 202, 203, 204 Lunar cycles, 185

284 ICF ¥√√™π’ §«ß¡’¥„π≈“π “𵓠62, 63 §«“¡µâÕß°“√∫“ß ‘Ëß∫“ßÕ¬à“߇ªìπÕ¬à“ß¡“° §«—π 186 51 §«“¡...ª√–™“°√ 182 §«“¡µàÕ‡π◊ËÕߢÕß°“√√Ÿâµ—« 48 §«“¡°¥Õ“°“», 183 §«“¡µ÷߇§√’¬¥°àÕπ¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ 90 §«“¡°≈—«, 55 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, 97-8 §«“¡°â“«Àπâ“„πÀπâ“∑’Ë°“√ß“π, 165 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬¢â“ß„¥ §«“¡‡°≈’¬¥, 55 ¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß, 97 §«“¡‡°’ˬ«‡π◊ËÕß°—π¢Õߧ«“¡∫°æ√àÕß, 227 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ §«“¡‚°√∏ 55 ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥, 98 §«“¡¢“¥·§≈π‰µ 89 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·¢π·≈–¢“ §«“¡¢’ÈÕ“¬ 50 ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥, 98 §«“¡‡¢â¡¢âπ¢Õß· ß, 184 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“ß §«“¡‡¢â¡·¢ÁߢÕ߇ ’¬ß 185 Àπ÷Ëß, 97 §«“¡‡¢â“„®∂÷ß 125 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ≈”µ—«, 98 §«“¡§ßµ—«¢ÕßÕÿ®®“√–, 83-4 §«“¡µ÷ßµ«¢Õß°≈— â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ·≈–°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡ §«“¡§≈àÕß·≈–®—ßÀ«–¢Õß°“√查, 72 ‡π◊ÈÕ,97 §«“¡§‘¥ 56 §«“¡µ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ à«π≈à“ߢÕß §«“¡§‘¥ Õß®‘µ Õß„® 198 √à“ß°“¬, 98 §«“¡§‘¥™â“≈ß 54 §«“¡∂’Ë¢Õß°“√∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– 84 §«“¡§‘¥¥â“π≈∫, °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑“ß°“¬, §«“¡∂’Ë„π°“√∂à“¬ªí “«– 89 54 §«“¡∑π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß §«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ, 56, 57 √à“ß°“¬, 99 §«“¡‡§√’¬¥ 54, 55 §«“¡∑π∑“π¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ÷Ëß, 98 §«“¡‡§√’¬¥ 212 §«“¡∑π∑“π¢Õß°≈ÿà¡¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, 99 §«“¡‡§√’¬¥,µ≈Õ¥‡«≈“ 89 §«“¡∑π∑“πµàÕ§«“¡√âÕπ 87 §«“¡®”, 53 §«“¡∑π∑“πµàÕ§«“¡Àπ“« 87 §«“¡®”¥â“πÕ—µ™’«ª√–«—µ‘, 54 §«“¡∑π∑“π∑“ß°“¬¿“æ 80 §«“¡®”„𧫓¡À¡“¬¢Õß∂âÕ¬§”, 54 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕß ...... 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, §«“¡®”√–¬–¬“«, 54 11, 17, 18, 19-21, 211, 213, 216, §«“¡®”√–¬– —Èπ, 54 242 §«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ‡Õß„π∫√‘‡«≥∑’ˉ¡à¡’ §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߥâ“π°“√°√Õ°µ“ 60 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° 83 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߥâ“π°“√°√–∑”∑’ˇπ◊ËÕß®“° §«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥∑’˺‘¥ª°µ‘®“° ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ∑’ˉ¡à §«“¡§‘¥ 60 ‡ªìπÕ—πµ√“¬ 173 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߥâ“π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß §«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ®“°¿“§√—∞ 201, 202 60 §«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·≈– —¡æ—π∏¿“æ 187-9 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߥâ“π°“√·µàßµ—« 60 §«“¡™◊Èπ, 183, 186 §«“¡∫°æ√àÕߥâ“π°“√ √â“ß √√§å§«“¡π÷°§‘¥ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑—Ë«‰ªÀ√◊Õ‡©æ“–, 190 60 §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∑“ß»“ π“ 190 §«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà∑’Ë¥’ 211-2 §«“¡¥âÕ¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ, 3, 211, 213, 242 §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘ 213 §«“¡¥—πµË”®“°°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ∑à“ 76 §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, 98 §«“¡¥—π„πÀŸ, 66 §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ˇ°’ˬ«‚¬ß §«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µµË”, 76 °—∫°“√ πÕπÀ≈—∫ 101 §«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ‡æ‘Ë¡, 76 §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘·µà°”‡π‘¥ 212 §«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ≈¥, 76 §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘∑“ßæ—π∏ÿ°√√¡, 13 §«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘µ Ÿß, 76 §«“¡¡—Ëπ§ß¢Õß®‘µ 50

284 Index ICF

Lungs, 114 Memory, short-term, 54 Lying down, 138 Memory, long-term, 54 Lying position, maintaining, 139 Menarche, 91, 227 lymph nodes, functions of, 78 Mending clothes, 156 Lymphatic nodes an vessels, 113 Meninges, 108 lymphatic vessels, functions of, 78 Menopause, 91, 92, 93, 227 Menorrhagia, 91 Major life areas, 164-7 Menstrual bleeding, extent of, 91 Making a choice among options, Menstrual care, 150 128 Menstrual cycle, discomfort, 93 Making decisions, 128 Menstrual cycle, regularity, 91 Making plans, 130 Menstrual flow, 91 Malabsorption in stomach, 82 Menstruation functions, 91, 227 Managed health care, 6 Menstruation, interval between, 91 Managing day-to-day Menstruation, retrograde, 91 requirements, 130 Mental (or psychological) Managing diet and fitness, 152 functions, 12, 213 Managing one's own activity level, Mental flexibility, 57 131 Mental functions, 48-61 Manipulating objects, 142 Mental health, 220, 247, 250 Manipulation of food in the mouth, Mental health applications of ICF, 81 220 Mannerisms, 101 Mental illness, 19 Marriages, funerals or initiation Mental retardation, 49 ceremonies, engaging in, 168 Metabolism and the endocrine Masticating food, 81 system, functions of, 85-7 Mathematical principles, applying, Metabolism of carbohydrate, 85 127 Methodical, 50 Mathematical signs, using, 126 Midbrain, 107 Mathematics, applying operations, Migration., 182 126 Mimicking, 125 Mathematics, performing, 126-7 Mineral balance, 86 Mathematics, translating word Miscarriage, 92 problems into arithmetic Mixing foods, 155 procedures, 60 Mobility and transportation, Meals, having, 151 products and technology, 174 Meals, organizing, 154 Mobility of bone, 95 Meals, preparing, 154 Mobility of carpal bones, 95 Media policies, 200 Mobility of joint, 94 Media services, 199 Mobility of joint, several, 94 Media systems, 200 Mobility of joint, single, 94 Medical care, 20 Mobility of joints, generalized, 94 Medical rehabilitation services, 203 Mobility of pelvis, 95 Medical social workers, 188 Mobility of scapula, 95 Medulla oblongata, 107 Mobility of tarsal bones, 95 Melody of speech, 72 Mobility, 138-48 Memory, 53 Model of disability, Memory, autobiographical, 54 biopsychosocial, 20 Memory, retrieval of, 54 Model of disability, ICF, 18 Memory, semantic, 54

285 ICF ¥√√™π’ §«“¡¡—Ëπ„® 51 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“¡’‡ ’¬ß„πÀŸ 66 §«“¡‰¡à§≈àÕß, 72 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“√–§“¬„πÀŸ 66 §«“¡‰¡à∑“π∑πµàÕ qluten, 83 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“À—«„®‡µâπ¢“¥™à«ß 80 §«“¡‰¡à√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫, 50 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡«’¬π»’√…– 66 §«“¡¬“°®π 171, 233 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° ß∫, 50 §«“¡¬‘π¥’, 55 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡ ’¬„® 55 §«“¡¬◊¥À¬ÿàπ¢Õß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ 58 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°À¥ÀŸà 50 §«“¡‡¬Áπ™“∑“ß‡æ» 90 §«“¡‡√Á«¢Õß°√–∫«π°“√¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥ 56 §«“¡√—°, 55 §«“¡≈â“¢Õßµ“, 64 §«“¡√Ÿâ °“√À¡ÿπ °“√·°«àßÀ√◊Õ°“√‡°’ˬ«°—𠧫“¡«‘µ° 55 66 §«“¡‰«µàÕ°“√‡ª√’¬∫µà“ßÊ „π°“√¡Õß 63, §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°, 55, 64 220 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢π≈ÿ°¬ÿ∫¬‘∫ 103 §«“¡‰«µàÕ°“√√—∫√ŸâÕÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ 67 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß°“√∑”ß“πÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·≈–°“√ §«“¡‰«µàÕ·√ß 103 À“¬„® 80 §«“¡‰«µàÕ·√ß°¥ 68 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß°“√∑”ß“πÕ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏å·≈– §«“¡‰«µàÕ ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ noxious 68 °“√ ◊∫æ—π∏å 92 §«“¡‰«µàÕ· ß 63 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß°“√À≈àπÀ√◊Õ≈â¡ 66 §«“¡‰«µàÕ· ß, 63, 225 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õߧ«“¡¥—π¢â“ßÀ≈—ßµ“ 64 §«“¡‰«µàÕ· ßπâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘, 63 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß¿“¬„𵓠64 §«“¡‰«µàÕ· ß¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘, 63 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß√–∫∫°“√¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ 84 §«“¡‰«â«“ß„®‰¥â 51 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°§≈◊Ëπ‰ â nausea 84 §«“¡ π„®∑“ß‡æ» 90 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫µ“ 64 §«“¡ ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ¢Õß√Õ∫ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, 91 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥ 68 §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß¡◊Õ·≈–µ“, 54 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫ª«¥¢≥–√à«¡‡æ», 92 §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß “¡’, 163 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°µÕ∫ πÕß¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘®“° ‘Ëß §«“¡ “¡“√∂¥â“π°“√„™âÕÕ°´‘‡®π 80 °√–µÿâπ„À⇮Á∫ªÉ«¬, 68 §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√ª√—∫„™â°—∫«—≤π∏√√¡ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ß°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß°“√ªí “«– 90 248 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∂÷ß√ ™“µ‘ 51 §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√√Ÿâ —≠≈—°…≥å ·≈–µ—« §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‰¥â¬‘π·≈–°“√ Õ—°…√ 125 ∑√ßµ—« 66 §«“¡ “¡“√∂ à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬, 8, 11, §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫µ“·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’Ë 14-6, 19, 22-4, 214, 216 µàÕ‡π◊ËÕß 64 §«“¡‡ ¡Õ¿“§¢Õß‚Õ°“ ”À√—∫§πæ‘°“√ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫º‘«Àπ—ß 103 (1993) 6, 170 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°·πàπÀπâ“Õ° 80 §«“¡À¡“¬∑’ˇªìπ°≈“ß„π°“√„™â ICF, §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡ªìπ‡ÀπÁ∫™“‡À¡◊Õπ‡¢Á¡∑‘Ë¡ 103 218 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°√–‡æ“–ªí “«–‡µÁ¡, 90 §«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬∑“ß«—≤π∏√√¡·≈– §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ‡°√Áß°√–µÿ° 102 °“√·¬°ª√–‡¿∑ 218, 247 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕµ÷ß, 102 §«“¡‡À¡“– ¡ 50 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕµ÷ß·¢Áß 102 §«“¡‡À¡“– ¡¢ÕßÕ“√¡≥å, 55 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀπ—°, 102 §«“¡ÕàÕπ≈â“, 80 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“®” ËßÀπ‘ ÷Ëß ‘Ëß„¥‰¥â∑—Èß∑’ˉ¡à‡§¬ §Õ¢Õß¡¥≈Ÿ° 116 ª√– ∫¡“°àÕπ 61 §Õ¢—¥‡Õ’¬ß 97 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“∂à“¬ªí “«–‰¡à ÿ¥ 90 §Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å·≈–´Õø·«√å 175 §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°«à“¡’°“√æÕߢ¬“¬„π°√–‡æ“– §Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å·≈–´Õø·«√å 176 Õ“À“√ 84

285 Index ICF

Model of disability, interactive, 8, Muscle atrophy, 19 17, 18, 19 Muscle endurance, 98-9 Model of disability, medical, 19, 20 Muscle endurance, all muscles of Model of disability, social, 19, 20 the body, 99 Modulation of pitch patterns in Muscle endurance, isolated speech, 72 muscles, 98 Money, 154, 166, 181 Muscle endurance, muscle groups, Monitoring one's own work 99 performance, 165 Muscle functions, 96-9 Monocular acuity of distant vision, Muscle paralysis, 96 62 Muscle paresis, 96 Monocular acuity of near vision, 62 Muscle power, 96-7 Monoparesis, 96, 97, 99 Muscle power, all muscles of the Monoplegia, 96, 97, 99 body, 97 Monotone speech, 72 Muscle power, isolated muscles and Moody, 50 muscle groups, 96 Mopping floors, 155 Muscle power, muscles in lower half Morbidity information, 4, 13 of the body, 96 Mortality information, 4 Muscle power, muscles of all limbs, Mosque, attending, 169 96 Motivation, 51 Muscle power, muscles of one limb, Motor perseveration, 101 96 Motor reflex, 99 Muscle power, muscles of the trunk, Motorboat, driving, 147 97 Motorcycle, driving, 147 Muscle power, one side of the body, Motorized and non-motorized 96, 226 vehicles, 174 Muscle spasm, 102 Motorized transportation, using Muscle spasticity, 97 private, 147 Muscle stiffness, sensations, 102 Mouth, 111 Muscle tension, 97 Mouth breathing, 79 Muscle tightness, 102 Movement Functions, 99-102 Muscle tone, 97-8 Movement, structures related to, Muscle tone, all muscles of the 118-21 body, 98 Moving around, 144 Muscle tone, isolated muscles and Moving around outside the home muscle groups, 97 and other buildings, 146 Muscle tone, muscles of all limbs, Moving around using equipment, 98 146 Muscle tone, muscles of lower half Moving around using of body, 98 transportation, 146-8 Muscle tone, muscles of one limb, Moving around within buildings 97 other than home, 146 Muscle tone, muscles of one side of Moving around within the home, body, 97 145 Muscle tone, trunk, 98 Moving from floor to floor, 145 Muscle weakness, 96 Moving inside, outside and around Muscle, sensation of heaviness, 102 buildings, 146 Muscles of ankle and foot, 120 Moving objects with lower Muscles of forearm, 119 extremities, 142 Muscles of hand, 119

286 ICF ¥√√™π’ §Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å·≈–´Õø·«√å ‡§√◊ËÕߥŸ¥ΩÿÉπ,°“√„™â 156 (‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬, §◊Õ ·≈–) 176 ‡§√◊ËÕß∂à“¬∑Õ¥ —≠≠“≥∑“ß‚∑√»—æ∑å 196 §ÕÀÕ¬ 111 ‡§√◊ËÕß∫—π∑÷°‡ ’¬ß ·≈–√—∫‡ ’¬ß, 175 §ÕÀÕ¬ à«π®¡Ÿ°, 111 ‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π 147 §ÕÀÕ¬ à«πª“°, 111 ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ°“√ª√–‡¡‘π,∑—Ë«‰ª 15, 19, 21-2 §à“™¥‡©¬§«“¡æ‘°“√ 202 ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ°“√ª√–‡¡‘π·≈– ICF 47, 105, §à“π‘¬¡ 190, 214, 237 124, 172, 221-2, 251 §”®”°—¥§«“¡¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 221 ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ摇»… ”À√—∫°“√‡¢’¬π 175 §”®”°—¥§«“¡‡™‘ߪؑ∫—µ‘°“√¢Õß°“√„™â ‡§√◊ËÕ߇√◊Õπ, 129, 156, 174 ICF, 21, 217, 221, 251 ‡§√◊ËÕß àߢâÕ§«“¡ 196 §”®”°—¥§«“¡‡™‘ߪؑ∫—µ‘°“√„π°“√„™â ‡§√◊ËÕß ”À√—∫Ωñ°øíß, 175 ICF, 21, 217, 221, 251 ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬∫Õ°§à“µà“ßÊ 134 §”®”°—¥§«“¡µ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, 100 ICF 221 ·§≈‡´’¬¡„π‡≈◊Õ¥µË”‡°‘π‰ª, 86 §”®”°—¥§«“¡„π°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ ·§≈‡´’¬¡„π‡≈◊Õ¥ Ÿß‡°‘π‰ª, 86 217 ‚§¡à“ 48 §”»—æ∑å√–∫ÿ°“√§—¥ÕÕ°¢Õß°“√„™â ‚§√ß°“√°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß —ߧ¡ ICF, 221 202 §”»—æ∑å√–∫ÿ°“√§—¥ÕÕ°„π ICF, 221 ‚§√ß°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ 201 §”»—æ∑å√–∫ÿ°“√π—∫‡¢â“¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, ‚§√ß°“√º≈ª√–‚¬™πå¢Õß —ߧ¡ 251 221 ‚§√ß°“√»÷°§«“¡∂π—¥ 204 §‘¥´È”Ê, 57 ‚§√ß°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß —ߧ¡ 201-2 §‘È«, 109 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß·¢π à«πª≈“¬,119 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑“ߧ«“¡§‘¥ 54 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß √–∫∫À—«„®À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥, §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ 52 √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π ·≈–√–∫∫°“√À“¬„® §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√√Ÿâµ—« 48 113-4 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√‡ÀÁπ 63, 220, 225 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß 103 À“¬„®,114 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õ߇ ’¬ß 71 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢ“, 120 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß· ß, 184 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߢ“ à«π≈à“ß, 120 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢ÕßÕ“°“» 186 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßµàÕ¡„µâº‘«Àπ—ß 122 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢ÕßÕ“°“»¿“¬„π, 186 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇∑â“·≈–¢âÕ‡∑â“ 120 §ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘µ 5, 251 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à, 118 §≥¿“æ‡ ÿ ’¬ß 185 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߺ¡, 122 §ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 7 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß¡◊Õ, 119 §ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß¿“æ∑’Ë¡Õ߇ÀÁπ 63 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√¬“ߧå¥â“π≈à“ß, 119 §Ÿà√—°, 187 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫°“√ —¡æ—π∏å 116 ‡§√◊ËÕß°√–µÿâπ°“√∑”ß“π, 174 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫∑“߇¥‘πÀ“¬„® 78-9 ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ·∫∫‰øøÑ“, 175 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ª√– “∑, 107-8 ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬‡¥‘π,°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¿“¬„πµ—« ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫ª “«–í 116 146 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π, 113 ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬øíß, 175 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–¬“ߧå à«π∫π 118 ‡§√◊ËÕߙ૬Õ◊ËπÊ ”À√—∫ß“π∫â“πÀ√◊Õ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬, 4, 7, 10-3, 17, à«π∫ÿ§§≈,√—°…“ 157 21-4, 105, 213, 219, 224, 227 ‡§√◊ËÕß„™â¿“¬„π∫â“π 155, 156, 157, 174, ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß≈”µ—« 120 179 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕ߇≈Á∫, 122

286 Index ICF

Muscles of head and neck region, Nieces, 187 118 Night blindness, 62, 63, 225 Muscles of lower leg, 120 Night sweats during menopause, 92 Muscles of pelvic region, 119 Non-purposive involuntary Muscles of respiration, structure, contract of muscles, 101 114 Non-remunerative employment, Muscles of shoulder region, 118 166 Muscles of thigh, 120 Non-verbal messages, expressing Muscles of trunk, 121 with and producing, 134 Muscles of upper arm, 118 Normative beliefs, norms, 191 Musculoskeletal structures related North American Collaborating to movement, additional, 121 Centre for ICIDH, 247 Museum or art gallery, going to, 168 Nose, 111 Musical notation, 134 Notaries, 198 Musical vocal sounds, production Not-for-profit organizations., 199 of, 73 Numbers, manipulating, 60, 126 Mutual aid organizations, 198, 199 Numbness, 67, 68 Myasthenia gravis, 98 Numeric coding in ICF, 220 Myocarditis, 74 Nurses, 188 Nutritious foods, consuming, 152 Nails, caring for, 149 Nystagmus, 64 Nails, functions of, 103, 104, 122 Nails, structure, 122 Obesity, 84 Nannies, 188 Obsession, 57 Narcolepsy, 52 Occupational health and safety Nasal fossae, 111 services, 205 Nasal pharynx, 111 Occupational therapists, 188 Nasal septum, 111 Ocular stimuli, 56 Natural disasters, emergency Odours, 186 services, 196 Oesophageal swallowing, 82 Natural environment and human- Oesophagus, 115 made changes to environment, Office equipment, 176 182-6 Olfactory functions, 67 Natural events, 184 Olfactory perception, 56 Natural products, 173 Oligozoospermia, 92 Naturopathic medication, 173 Oliguria, 89 Nausea, 66 Open space planning policies, 194 Needs assessment, 5 Open space planning services, 194 Negativism, psychological, 54 Open space planning services, Neighbours, 161, 187, 190, 224 systems and policies, 194 Neighbours, creating relationships Open space planning systems, 194 with, 162 Opening bottles and cans, 151, 152 Nephews, 187 Openness to experience, 50 Nervous system, structure, 107-8 Operational definitions, in the ICF, Neural prostheses, 174 21, 217, 221, 251 Neuromusculoskeletal and Opinions and beliefs, 190 movement-related functions, 94- Oppositional, 50 102 Optical and auditory devices, 175 Neutral terms, in the ICF, 218 Optimism, 50 Newspapers, 127, 199, 200 Oral pharynx, 111

287 ICF ¥√√™π’ ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß ¡ÕßπâÕ¬ 107 ™àÕߧ≈Õ¥ 116 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, ™àÕßÀŸ¿“¬„π 110 118-21 ™àÕßÕ° 114 ™—Èπ¡—∏¬¡ 204 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫√–∫∫ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå√à«¡ ™à“ß´—°∂“¡, 50, ªí “«–·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå, 116-7 ™’«‘µ ™’«“ 51 ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡ ’¬ß·≈–°“√查 ™’«‘µ∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–∞“π–°“√‡ªìπæ≈‡¡◊Õß 111-2 170 ‚§√ß √â“ß∫√‘‡«≥»’√…–·≈–∫√‘‡«≥≈”§Õ, ™’«‘µ∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß·≈–√—∞∫“≈„π∞“𖇪ìπ 118 ª√–™“™π§πÀπ÷Ëß, 170 ‚§√ß √â“ß∫√‘‡«≥Õÿâ߇™‘ß°√“π, 119 ™’«‘µ∑“߇»√…∞°‘®, 166-7 ™’«‘µ∑’Ë¥’, 211 ß“π 7, 10, 11, 14, 15, 123, 216, 229, ™’«‘µ„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ 153-8 243, 239 ™’«‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π —ߧ¡ ·≈–™’«‘µ„π∞“𖇪πì ß“π¥â“π√“™∑—≥±åÀ√◊Õ°“√°—°¢—ß≈ß‚∑… 198 æ≈‡¡◊Õß 168-70 ß“π∑—Ë«‰ª·≈–§«“¡µâÕß°“√, 129-132 ™’«‘µª√–®”«—π,º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ß“π∫â“π, 154-6 174 ‡ß‘π, 154, 166, 181 ™’«‘µ√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß 206 ‡™◊ÈÕ™“µ‘ 7, 17 ®¡Ÿ°, 111 „™â·∑π 3, 6, 7, 10, 13, 21, 49, 171, ®¡Ÿ° à«ππÕ°, 111 211, 216, 217, 235 ®√√¬“∫√√≥, 191 ®√‘¬∏√√¡°“√„™â ICF „π∑“ß —ߧ¡ 245 ´àÕ¡·´¡Õÿª°√≥å·≈–‡§√◊ËÕ߇√’¬π 157 ®√‘¬∏√√¡„π°“√„™â 244-5 ´◊ÈÕ¢Õß„™â„π∫â“π, 154 ®√‘¬∏√√¡„π°“√„™â ICF 244-5 ‚´‡¥’¬¡„π‡≈◊Õ¥µË”‡°‘π‰ª, 86 ®Õµ“ 54 ‚´‡¥’¬¡„π‡≈◊Õ¥ Ÿß‡°‘π‰ª, 86 ®—ßÀ«– Circadian 52 ®—ßÀ«–°“√‡µâπ¢ÕßÀ—«„®, 74 ≠“µ‘Àà“ßÊ, 163, 187 ®—ßÀ«–°“√·µàß·≈–°“√®—¥·µàß∫â“π 74 ®—ßÀ«–¢Õß°“√À“¬„® 79 ∞“π¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°Õÿâ߇™‘ß°√“π, 116 ®—ßÀ«–¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥ 56 ∞“π¢Õߪ¡ª√– “∑, 107 ®—ßÀ«–‡µâπ™â“°«à“ª°µ‘, 74 ∞“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 251 ®—ßÀ«–·≈–§«“¡≈÷°¢Õß°“√À“¬„® 78 ®—¥‡¢â“√–∫∫ 57 ¥—™π’¡«≈°“¬, 84 ®—¥√–∫∫¥â“𧫓¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ”查·≈– —≠≠ ¥â“𧫓¡ π„®, 53 ≈—°…≥å 59 ¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ 195 ®‘µ«‘∑¬“¢Õßªí®‡®°∫ÿ§§≈ 17 °“√√—∫ —¡º— ‡æ’Ȭπ, 67, 68 ®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 5 ‡¥Á°‡≈Á° 73, 125, 131, 158, 169, 187 ®ÿ¥¬÷¥, §«“¡º‘¥ª°µ‘ 21 ‰¥â‡ªìπ‰ªµ“¡≈”¥—∫‡«≈“ 58 ®ÿ¥¬÷¥¢Õßµ“, 64 ‰¥â√—∫ ‘∑∏‘§«“¡§ÿ⡧√Õß 170 ‡®Á∫À√◊Õ√–§“¬µ“, 64 ‡®â“Õ“√¡≥å, 50 µâ¡À√◊ÕÕÿàπÕ“À“√, 154 „® —Ëπ, 80 µàÕµâ“π, 50 µàÕ¡‰¢¡—π 122 ™à«ß¢ÕßÕ“√¡≥å, 55 µàÕ¡„µâ ¡Õß 115 ™à«ß√–¬–‡«≈“√–À«à“ß°“√¡’ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, 91 µàÕ¡„µâ ¡Õß∑”ß“ππâÕ¬‡°‘π‰ª, 87

287 Index ICF

Oral swallowing, 82 Parasympathetic nervous system, Ordering events, 58 108 Organized religion, engaging in, 169 Parathyroid gland, 115 Organizations, financial, 200 Parent, relating as, 162 Organizations, international Parenting, 162 political, 192, 206 Parents, 162, 163, 164, 187 Organizations, sporting, 125, 177, Paresis, 98, 99 198 Parkinson's disease, 98 Orgasm, 90, 91, 92 Parks, conservation and wildlife Orientation functions, 48 areas, products and technology, Orientation to person, 49 181 Orientation to time, 49 Participation, 3, 6, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, Orthotist, prosthetists, 188 16, 18, 20, 123, 213, 229, 234, 237 'Other specified', use in ICF, 221 Participation restriction, 3, 7, 8, 14, Outdoor air quality, 186 15, 19, 123, 213, 229 Outplacement services, 205 Participation, standard, 213 Ovaries, 116 Partners, 187 Overweight, 84 Part-time employment, 166 Owning and running a shop or Patellar reflex, 99 other business., 166 Path routing, 179, 180 Ozone levels, 186 Pathology, 12 Pathways and signposting, 180 Pain, 68-70 Peeling foods, 155 Pain in back, 69 Peers, 187, 190 Pain in body part, 68 Peers, creating relationships with, Pain in chest, 69 162 Pain in head and neck, 69 Pelvic floor, 116 Pain in joints, 69 Pelvic region, structure, 119 Pain in lower limb, 69 Pelvis, mobility of, 95 Pain in multiple body parts, 69 Penile erection, 90 Pain in stomach or abdomen, 69 Penis, 117 Pain in the hip, 69 Pensions, 202, 251 Pain in the pelvic region, 69 People with disabilities, 5, 7 Pain in the shoulder, 69 People with disabilities and ICF, Pain in the trunk, 69 242 Pain in upper limb, 69 Perceptual functions, 55 Pain, generalized, 68 Performance, as construct, 8, 11, Pain, radiating in a dermatome, 70 14-5, 17, 19, 22, 23, 24, 123-4, Pain, radiating in a segment or 216, 229-32, 235, 237 region, 70 Performance, as qualifier, 123, 226, Painting,, 134, 157 229, 230, 231, 232, 235, 237 Palate, 111 Peristalsis, 82 Palpitation, 80 Perseveration, 57, 101 Pancreas, 115 Personal care providers and Paraesthesia, 67, 68 personal assistants, 188 Paralysis, general, 98 Personal factors, 8, 10, 11, 16, 17, Paraparesis, 96, 98, 99 19, 213-4, 216, 219, 251 Paraplegia, 96, 98, 99 Personality, 50, 55 Paraplegic gait, 102 Pets, 156, 157, 188 Phantom limb, 61

288 ICF ¥√√™π’ µàÕ¡„µâ ¡Õß∑”ß“π¡“°‡°‘π‰ª, 87 ∂ÿßπÈ”¥’·≈–∑àÕ, 115 µàÕ¡‰∑¡— 113 ∂ÿß≈¡ 54 µàÕ¡‰∑√Õ¬¥å 115 ∂ÿß≈¡ªÕ¥‚ªÉßæÕß 78 µàÕ¡‰∏√Õ¬¥å∑”ß“ππâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘, 85, 87 µàÕ¡‰∏√Õ¬¥å∑”ß“π¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘, 85, 87 ∑¥≈Õß„™â„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë, 3, 248 µàÕ¡πÈ”µ“, 109 ∑à«ß∑”πÕߢÕß°“√查, 72 µàÕ¡πÈ”≈“¬ 115 ∑àÕ¢ÕßÀŸ™—Èπ„π (ÀâÕß™—Èπ„π), 110 µàÕ¡æ“√“‰∑√Õ¬¥å, 115 ∑âÕß√à«ß 83 µàÕ¡æ“√“‰∏√Õ¬¥å∑”ß“ππâÕ¬‡°‘π‰ª, 87 ∑Õ√åπ“‚¥ 184 µàÕ¡æ“√“‰∏√Õ¬¥å∑”ß“π¡“°‡°‘π‰ª, 87 ∑àÕ√—߉¢à, 116 µàÕ¡‰√â∑àÕ, 115 ∑”ß“π‡ªìπ√–∫∫, 50 µàÕ¡≈Ÿ°À¡“° 117 ∑—°…–, °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ 126 µàÕ¡ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå∑”ß“ππâÕ¬‡°‘π‰ª, 87 ∑—°…–,™—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π 126 µàÕ¡ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå∑”ß“π¡“°‡°‘π‰ª, 87 ∑—°…–, ¢—Èπ´—∫´âÕπ 126 µàÕ¡À¡«°‰µ∑”ß“ππâÕ¬‡°‘π‰ª, 87 ∑—»π§µ‘, 17, 19, 190-1, 239 µàÕ¡À¡«°‰µ∑”ß“π¡“°‡°‘π‰ª, 87 ∑—»π§µ‘¢Õߧπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πµ”·Àπàß∑’˵˔°«à“, µàÕ¡‡Àß◊ËÕ 122 191 µ–§‘«„π™àÕß∑âÕß 85 ∑—»π§µ‘¢Õߧπ·ª≈°Àπâ“, 191 µ—∫, 115 ∑—»π§µ‘¢Õߧπ√Ÿâ®—°,‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡√ÿàπ,‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡ µ—∫ÕàÕπ, 115 ß“π, ‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π ·≈– ¡“™‘°„π™ÿ¡™π, µ—«°”Àπ¥§ÿ≥¿“æ »—°¬¿“æ, 230 190 µ—«°”Àπ¥°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ 230 ∑—»π§µ‘¢Õߧ√Õ∫§√—«∑’Ë„°≈♑¥, 190 µ—«°”Àπ¥∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ, 4 ∑—»π§µ‘¢ÕߺŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ, 191 µ—«°”Àπ¥¡“µ√«—¥ 222 ∑—»π§µ‘¢ÕߺŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“πÕ◊Ëπ, 191 µ—«∫àߧ«“¡ “¡“√∂, 123, 226, 229, 230, ∑—»π§µ‘¢ÕߺŸâ¥Ÿ·≈ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈–ºŸâ™à«¬ 231, 232, 235, 237 ‡À≈◊Õ à«π∫ÿ§§≈, 191 µ—«∫ߧà ÿ≥≈—°…≥– 8, 11, 12-6, 21, 22, ∑—»π§µ‘¢Õ߇æ◊ËÕπ, 190 24, 216, 221-2 ∑—»π§µ‘¢Õß ¡“™‘°§√Õ∫§√—«¢¬“¬, 190 µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ 47 ∑—»π§µ‘¢Õß —ߧ¡, 191 µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ ∑—»π§µ∑‘ ’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πµ”·Àπàß∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“®, 190 123 ∑“߇¥‘π, 179, 180 µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬ ∑“߇¥‘π·≈–°“√ªí°ªÑ“¬, 180 105, 106, 228 ∑“ß≈“¥·∫∫∂“«√À√◊Õ‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬‰¥â 178, µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡, 179 171 ∑“߇≈◊Õ°„π°“√®—¥‚§√ß √â“ߧ«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å µ—«∫àߧÿ≥≈—°…≥–ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ 171, √–À«à“ß °‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ 233 234-7 µ“ ÀŸ ·≈–‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, 109-10 ∑“ß —ߧ¡ 5 µ“∫Õ¥„π‡«≈“°≈“ߧ◊π, 62, 63, 225 ∑“ß —≠®√¢Õß —µ«åªÉ“ 181 µ”√«® 198 ∑à“‡¥‘π‡¢Áß·°√Áß 102 µ◊Ëπµ—« 78 ∑à“‡¥‘π·∫∫‰¡à ¡¡“µ√ 168 ‚µä–,‚µä–ª√—∫√–¥—∫ 176 ∑à“‡¥‘πÕ—¡æ“µ¢“ 2 ¢â“ß, 102 ‚µä–∑”ß“π·≈–µŸâ‡°Á∫‡Õ° “√ 176 ∑à“∑“ß°“√·¢Áß∑◊ËÕ‡À¡◊ÕπÀÿàπ 54 ‰µ, 116 ∑â“∑“¬, 50 ‰µ∫«¡πÈ”, 89 ∑à“¬◊π 139 ∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥§” 243

288 Index ICF

Pharyngeal swallowing, 82 Population, 182 Pharynx, 111 Population density, 182 Phonation, 71 Population health, 4 Phonemes, articularion of, 71 Population health surveys, 6 Photophobia, 63 Population studies and surveys, 5 Physical activity, getting Possession states, 48 appropriate level of, 152 Post office, 196 Physical contact in relationships, Post-secondary educational dealing with, 159 institutions, 204 Physical endurance, 80 Postural hypotension, 76 Physical fitness programmes, Postural reactions, 100 engaging in, 168 Posturing, 54 Physical geography, 182 Pouring liquids for drinking, 152 Physiological functions, 3, 10, 12 Poverty, 171, 233 Physiotherapists, 188 Poverty relief programmes, 201, 202 Picking up objects, 142 Precipitation, 183 Picture distortion, 63 Pregnancy, 92, 212 Pigmentation, 103 Premature ejaculation, 90 Pituitary gland, 115 Premenstrual tension, 91 Place to live, acquiring, 153 Preschool, 164, 204 Place to live, buying, 153 Press reporting services, 199, 200 Place to live, renting, 153 Prevention, 6, 13 Plans, carrying out, 57 Priapism, 90 Plans, making , 130 Primary care services, 203 Planning, 5, 57, 155, 157, 180, 194 Primary school, 204 Planning acts, 194 Problem-solving, 58 Planning and development of space, Procreation functions, 92 180 Production and manufacturing, Plants, 183 services, systems, policies, 193 Plants, indoors and outdoors, Production of speech sounds, 71 taking care of, 157 Products and technology for Play, recreational or leisure activity, communication, 175 engaging in, 168 Products and technology for Play, engaging in, 169 communication, assistive, 175 Playing a musical instrument, 168-9 Products and technology for Playing chess or cards, 169 communication, general, 175 Police, 198 Products and technology for Political life and citizenship, culture, recreation and sport, engaging in, 170 177 Political life of citizen, engaging in, Products and technology for 170 culture, recreation and sport, Political policy, 206 assistive, 177 Political services, 206 Products and technology for Political services, systems and culture, recreation and sport, policies, 206 general, 177 Political systems, 206 Products and technology for Pollution, land, water or air, 184 education, 176 Polymenorrhoea, 91 Products and technology for Polyuria, 89 employment, 176 Pons, 107, 262

289 ICF ¥√√™π’ ∑à“‡¥‘πÕ—¡æ“µ§√÷Ëß´’°, 102 π—°°“¬Õÿª°√≥å‡ √‘¡-Õÿª°√≥å‡∑’¬¡, 188 ∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√À—π‡À§«“¡ π„® 184 π—°µ√«®°“√‰¥â¬‘π, 188 ∑”„Àâ«ÿà𫓬 4, 8, 13, 212 π—°Ωñ°æŸ¥ 188 ∑‘»∑“ß„πÕ𓧵¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 250 π—°‡√’¬π 161, 188 ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ( ¿“«–¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ‡ ¡Õ) π—° —ߧ¡ ߇§√“–Àå 188 ‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ 224 π—°ÕÕ°·∫∫ 188 ∑’˵—Èß™π∫∑ 171, 233 π—°Õ“™’«∫”∫—¥, 188 ∑’Ëπ—Ë߇©æ“–„πÀÕª√–™ÿ¡À√◊Õ π“¡°’Ó, π—Ëߧß∑à“π—Ëߧÿ°‡¢à“, 140 178 π—π∑π“°“√·≈–°‘®°√√¡¬“¡«à“ß 148, 168, ∑’Ëπ“, 180 199 ∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬,Õ“§“√æ“≥‘™¬å,‚√ßß“π πâ“, Õ“, 187 Õÿµ “À°√√¡·≈–Õ“§“√ “∏“√≥– 193 𓬮â“ß, 161, 165, 187 ∑’Ëæ”π—°™—Ë«§√“« ”À√—∫ºŸâ‰√â∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ 195 πÈ”,°“√‰¥â√—∫ 154 ∑ÿπ∑“ß —ߧ¡ 171, 233 πÈ”∑à«¡, 184 ∑ÿπ·≈–°“√∫√‘°“√, 181 πÈ”ª√–ª“·≈–‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß,¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫ 196 ‚∑√∑—»πå 175, 199, 200 𔉪 Ÿà°“√„™âº‘¥Ê 51 ‚∑√∑—»πå·≈–Õÿª°√≥å«’¥’‚Õ 175 πÈ”Àπ—°µ—«πâÕ¬‡°‘π‰ª 84 ‚∑√»—æ∑å 175, 196 πÈ”Àπ—°µ—«¡“°‡°‘π‰ª, 84 π”Õ“À“√‰ª‡ √‘¡ √â“߇π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕ 82, 83 ∏𓧓√, 200 ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥ 57 ·π«§‘¥∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß, 17, 190, 191 π‚¬∫“¬°“√„™â∑’Ë¥‘π„πµ—«‡¡◊Õß 180 ·π«∑“ß°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡, 252 π‚¬∫“¬°“√«“ß·ºπ 194 ‚π䵇æ≈ß, 134 π‚¬∫“¬°“√«“ß·ºπ¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡, 194 π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√„™â∑’Ë¥‘π, 180 ∫√√∑—¥∞“π¢Õߧ«“¡‡™◊ËÕ, 191 π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√„™âæ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“ß ∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ 213 ‡ª≈à“, 194 ∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑“ß —ߧ¡,«‘∂’ªØ‘∫—µ‘·≈– ‘∑∏‘ π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß —ߧ¡ ‡»√…∞°‘®°“√‡¡◊Õß 191 203 ∫√‘°“√,√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ 192-207 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√¢π àß 197 ∫√‘°“√,√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√‡§À–, 195 ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§ 192 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ª°ªÑÕߪ√–™“™π 198 ∫√‘°“√,√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ 196 ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§ 192 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡·≈–°“√°àÕ √â“ß ∫√‘°“√°“√∫√√®ÿ‡¢â“∑”ß“π, 205 193 ∫√‘°“√¢Õß°“√∫√√¬“¬¥â«¬¢âÕ§«“¡ 199 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ¡“§¡·≈–Õߧå°√ 199 ∫√‘°“√¢Õߧ«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß —ߧ¡ 202 π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ 196 ∫√‘°“√§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ°“√¥Ÿ·≈µπ‡Õß·≈– π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ◊ËÕ, 200 °“√¥Ÿ·≈ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ 202 π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß 206 ∫√‘°“√®—¥À“µ”√«®¥—∫‡æ≈‘ß,∫√‘°“√©ÿ°‡©‘π, π‚¬∫“¬∑“ߥâ“π°ÆÀ¡“¬, 198 133, 193, 198 π‚¬∫“¬·√ßß“π·≈–°“√®â“ßß“π, 5, 206 ∫√‘°“√©ÿ°‡©‘π, 195, 198 π‚¬∫“¬‡»√…∞°‘®, 201 ∫√‘°“√©ÿ°‡©‘π‡¡◊ËÕ¡’¿—¬∏√√¡™“µ‘, 196 π‚¬∫“¬ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, 5, 204 ∫√‘°“√©ÿ°‡©‘π√∂欓∫“≈ 91 π‚¬∫“¬ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§ 193 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°ÆÀ¡“¬Õ◊ËπÊ 198 π«—µ°√√¡∑’˵√ß°—π¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 251 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√‡§À–, 195 π—°°“¬¿“æ∫”∫—¥ 188 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√ª°ªÑÕߪ√–™“™π 197

289 Index ICF

Products and technology for Professional social organizations, employment, assistive, 176 engaging in, 168 Products and technology for Professionals, other, 188 personal indoor and outdoor Prone position, staying in, 139 mobility and transportation, 174 Proprioceptive function, 67 Products and technology for Prosody, 72 personal indoor and outdoor Prostate, 117 mobility and transportation, Prostheses, neural, 174 assistive, 175 Prostheses, orthoses, repairing, 157 Products and technology for Prosthetic and orthotic devices, 174 personal indoor and outdoor Prostrate position, getting into, 138 mobility and transportation, Protein metabolism, 85 general, 174 Psychic stability, 50 Products and technology for Psychological assets, 17 personal use in daily living, 173 Psychological demands and stress, Products and technology for handling, 131 personal use in daily living, Psychological functions, 10, 12 assistive, 174 Psychomotor control, 54 Products and technology for Psychomotor excitement, 54 personal use in daily living, Psychomotor functions, 54 general, 174 Psychomotor functions, quality of, Products and technology for the 54 practice of religion and Psychomotor retardation, 54 spirituality, 177 Ptosis, 64 Products and technology for the Public assistance programmes, 201, practice of religion or 202 spirituality, assistive, 178 Public transportation, using, 147 Products and technology for the Public, commercial services, practice of religion or cooperatives, 200 spirituality, general, 178 Pulling objects, 143 Products and technology of land Pulmonary emphysema, 78 development, 180 Pupillary reflex, 64 Products and technology of parks, Purposeful sensing, 125 conservation and wildlife areas, Pushing objects, 143 181 Pushing objects with lower Products and technology of rural extremities, 142 land development, 180 Putting down objects, 141 Products and technology of suburban land development, 180 Quadriceps reflex, 99 Products and technology of urban Quadriplegia, 96, 239 land development, 180 Qualifier, 8, 11, 12-6, 21, 22, 24, Products and technology, 173-181 216, 221-2 Products or substances for personal Qualifier, body functions and consumption, 173 structure, 47 Professional association services, Qualifier, body structure, 105, 106, 205 228 Professional programmes, 204 Qualifier, environmental factors, Professional relationships, finding, 171, 233 160 Qualifiers, Activities and Participation, 123

290 ICF ¥√√™π’ ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡ 204 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, 203 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√„™âæ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“, ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬ “π°“√ª√–°—π 194 —ߧ¡ 201 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ 196 ∫√‘°“√√–¬–‡©’¬∫æ≈—π 203 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π∑√—欓°√¡πÿ…¬å·≈–°“√∫√‘À“√ ∫√‘°“√‡»√…∞°‘®, 200 ß“π∫ÿ§§≈, 205 ∫√‘°“√ ”À√—∫°“√º≈‘µ ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§ 192 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π·√ßß“π·≈–°“√®â“ßß“π, 205 ∫√‘°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ‡√◊ËÕß√“¬‰¥â, 201, ∫√‘°“√¥â“π·√ßß“π —¡æ—π∏å, 205 202 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡°àÕ √â“ß√–∫∫·≈– ∫—≠™’ “°≈¢Õß°“√®”·π°∫—≠™’∑“ß°“√»÷°…“ π‚¬∫“¬ 193 ¢ÕßÕߧ尓√ UNESCO 204 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡·≈–°“√°àÕ √â“ß ∫”π“≠, 202, 251 193 ∫”π“≠™¥‡™¬§«“¡æ‘°“√ 201-2 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ¡“§¡¢Õß “¢“Õ“™’æµà“ßÊ 205 ∫ÿ§≈“°√¥â“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, 5 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ 195 ∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ, 50, 55 ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ◊ËÕ, 199 ‡∫⓵“, 109 ∫√‘°“√∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬, 198 ·∫∫øÕ√å¡„π°“√∫—π∑÷°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈°“√„™â ICF, ∫√‘°“√∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß 206 251 ∫√‘°“√‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’™’«¿“æ, 205 ‚∫ ∂å,‡¢â“√à«¡ 169 ∫√‘°“√„π‡√◊ËÕß°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„π ∂“π∑’Ë ‚∫ ∂å¢Õß»“ 𓬑«,°“√ «¥¡πµå 169 ∑”ß“π 205 ∫√‘°“√ª√–°—π¿—¬, 200 ªÆ‘°‘√‘¬“°“√ªÑÕß°—πµ—«, 100 ∫√‘°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ 201 ªÆ‘°‘√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕß, °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ Biceps 4 ∫√‘°“√√–¥—∫ª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘ 90 ªÆ‘°‘√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕߢÕߢâÕ‡∑â“ 99 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õ§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“°“√∑√ßµ—«, 100 ∑“ß —ߧ¡ 202 ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“¢Õß°“√æ¬ÿßµ—« 100 ∫√°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√«“ß·ºπ‘ ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“¢Õß√à“ß°“¬´÷Ëß∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√ °“√„™âæ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“, 194 ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°‡Àπ◊ÕÕ”π“® ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√»÷°…“, ®‘µ„®,100 204 ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕߥâ“π°“√ª√—∫µ—«¢Õß ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß°“√»÷°…“·≈– √à“ß°“¬, 100 °“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡, 204 ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕß·∫∫™—° 99 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√¢π àß 196 ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“µÕ∫ πÕ߉«°«à“ª°µ‘, 78 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√‡§À–, 194 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π, 159 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈∑—Ë«‰ª, 159-61 196 ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ, 160 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π·√ßß“π·≈– ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å·≈– —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈, °“√®â“ßß“π, 205 159-63 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ¡“§¡·≈– ª√–™“°√ 182 Õߧå°√ 198 ª√–™“™π∑—Ë«‰ª√«¡∑—ÈߺŸâæ‘°“√, 5, 7 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ ª√–‡¥Áπ¢Õßπ‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß 20 195 ª√–‡¥Áπ™’«‘µ, 14, 123, 234, 235 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬, 198 ª√–‡¥Áπ∑“ß·æ∑¬å 20 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß 4 ª√–µŸÕ—µ‚π¡—µ‘ 178, 179 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬∑“߇»√…∞°‘®, 200 ª√–µŸÕ—µ‚π¡—µ‘ 179 ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫·≈–π‚¬∫“¬„π°“√ª°ªÑÕß ª√–‡¡‘𧫓¡µâÕß°“√, 5 æ≈‡¡◊Õß 197 ª√–‚¬™πå¢Õß ICF 5, 250-1

290 Index ICF

Qualifiers, optional for activities Relating with persons in authority, and participation, 230 161 Qualifiers, scaling, 222 Relating with strangers, 161 Quality assurance, 5 Relating with subordinates, 161 Quality of life, 5, 251 Relation to self and others, knowing Quality of vision, 63, 220, 225 and ascertaining, 48 Questionnaire application of ICF, Relationships, dealing with physical 221 contact, 159 Relationships, dealing with social Race, 7, 17 cues, 159 Radio, 125, 199, 200 Relationships, formal, creating, 161 Radius reflex, 99 Relationships, forming, 160 Rain, 183 Relationships, intimate, Ramps, portable or stationary, 178, maintaining, 163 179 Relationships, reacting to criticism, Reaching for objects, 143 159 Reading, 127 Relationships, showing respect and Reading for enjoyment, 168, 169 warmth, 159 Reading lips, 136 Relationships, showing Reasons for contact with health appreciation, 159 services, 4 Relationships, showing tolerance, Recalling, 53, 54 159 Reception of language, 58 Relationships, terminating, 160 Reception of language, sign, 59 Relationships with acquaintances, Reception of language, spoken, 59 creating, 162 Reception of language, written, 59 Relationships with co-inhabitants, Recognizing characters and creating, 162 alphabets, 125 Relationships with friends, creating, Recreation and leisure 162 organizations, 148, 168, 199 Relationships with neighbours, Recreation and leisure, engaging in, creating, 162 168 Relationships with peers, creating, Recreational and sporting 162 equipment, 177 Relaxation, engaging in, 168 Reflex, biceps, 99 Releasing objects, 142 Reflex incontinence, 89 Religion and spirituality, engaging Reflexes generated by noxious in, 169 stimuli, 99 Religious associations, 199 Reflexes generated by other Religious beliefs, 190 exteroceptive stimuli, 99 Religious ceremonies, activities and Regional authorities, 206 events, engaging in, 169 Regurgitation, 82 Religious doctrine, 191 Rehabilitation services, 5, 23, 203, Religious leaders, 187 220, 246, 247, 250 Remote control entry and exit, 174, Rehearsing, 125 176 Rehydration, 86 Remunerative employment, 165 Relating to employee, 161 Renal insufficiency, 89 Relating to employer, 161 Renting a place to live, 153 Relating with equals, 161 Repairing fixtures and furniture, 157

291 ICF ¥√√™π’ ª√–‚¬™πå¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 5 ºπ—ßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥„À≠à·¢Áß 75 ª√– ∫°“√≥å¢Õß°“≈‡«≈“ 61 ºπ—ߢÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥„À≠à·¢Áß 71 ª√– ∫°“√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ 15, 123, 229 ºπ—ßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥„À≠à °≈“ß·¢Áß, 75 ª√– ∫°“√≥å„π™’«‘µ, 214 º≈®“°°“√‡°‘¥‚√§ 4 ª√– ∫°“√≥å à«πµπ·≈–‡«≈“, 60 º≈≈—æ∏å∑’Ë¡’µàÕ ÿ¢¿“æ, 4, 5 ª√“°Ø°“√≥å∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°¡πÿ…¬å, 184 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈– ª√“°Ø°“√∏√√¡™“µ‘, 184 Õ“§“√ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ “¡“√∂‡¢â“∂÷ß ‘ËßÕ”π«¬ ª√‘¡“≥°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ 52 §«“¡ –¥«°µà“ßÊ „πµ—«Õ“§“√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ª√‘¡“≥¢Õ߇≈◊Õ¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, 91 „™â à«πµ—«, 179 ª√‘¡“≥‡≈◊Õ¥∑’ˇ¢â“ ŸàÀ—«„®, 75 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈– ª«¥»’√…–, 241 Õ“§“√ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ “¡“√∂‡¢â“∂÷ß ‘ËßÕ”π«¬ ªÕ¥, 114 §«“¡ –¥«°µà“ßÊ ¿“¬„πÕ“§“√ ªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡, 171 “∏“√≥–, 178 ªí®®—¬·«¥≈âÕ¡ 7, 8, 10-1, 16, 19, 213, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß°àÕ √â“ß·≈– 216, 247 Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫°“√„™â à«πµ—«, 179 ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈, 8, 10, 11, 16, 17, 19, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å∑”¢÷Èπ, 173 213-4, 216, 219, 251 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å∏√√¡™“µ‘, 173 ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 13, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ 173-181 15, 16-9, 21, 22, 24, 123, 171, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√ 213-4, 216, 219, 222, 224, 225, »÷°…“ 175-6 226, 229, 230, 232-3, 239, 233, º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√ 238, 243, 248 »÷°…“, 157 ªí®®—¬‡ ’Ë¬ß 4 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß ªí≠≠“ÕàÕπ, 49 °àÕ √â“ß·≈– Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫∑”ªÑ“¬¢Õß ªí≠À“∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥ ߧ√“¡ 184 ∑“ß ∑“߇¥‘π ·≈– ‘ËßÕ”π«¬ 179 ªí “«–‚¥¬‰¡à‰¥âµ—Èß„®, 89 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß ªí “«–ª√‘¡“≥¡“° 89 °àÕ √â“ß·≈– Õ“§“√‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ “¡“√∂‡¢â“ ªí “«–‡¡◊ËÕ¡’°“√°√–µÿâπ, 89 ∂÷ß ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°µà“ßÊ „Àâµ—« ªí “«–‡≈Á¥‡¡◊ËÕ¡’§«“¡°¥¥—π ‰Õ ®“¡, 89 Õ“§“√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â “∏“√≥– à«πµ—« 178- ªí “«–‰À≈∑âπ, 89 9 ªÑ“, 163, 187 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß ª“°, 111 °àÕ √â“ß·≈– Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫∑“߇¢â“ÕÕ° ªÑ“¬∫Õ°∑“ß 179, 180, 181 ¢ÕßÕ“À“√ ”À√—∫°“√ “∏“√≥– 178-9 ªÿÉ¡πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß·≈–∑àÕπÈ”‡À≈◊Õß, 113 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß ªÿÉ¡‡ªî¥-ªî¥·∫∫µ—È߇«≈“ 174, 176 °àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√ ”À√—∫°“√∑”ªÑ“¬ ªŸÉ ¬à“ µ“ ¬“¬, 163, 187 ∫Õ°∑“ß, 179 ‡ªìπµ–§√‘« 71 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡°’ˬ«°—∫·∫∫ ‘Ëß ‡ªìπ‰ªµ“¡°Æ°µ‘°“, 126 °àÕ √â“ß·≈–Õ“§“√¢Õß∑“߇¢â“ÕÕ° ‡ªìπæàÕ ·¡à, 162 Õ“§“√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—«, 179 ‡ªìπ¡‘µ√ 53 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘𠂪·µ ‡´’¬¡„π‡≈◊Õ¥µË”‡°‘π‰ª, 86 ‡¢µ™“π‡¡◊Õß 180 ‚ª·µ ‡´’¬¡„π‡≈◊Õ¥ Ÿß‡°‘π‰ª, 86 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘𠂪√·°√¡§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 251 „πµ—«‡¡◊Õß 180 ‰ª√…≥’¬å∏√√¡¥“·≈–‰ª√…≥’¬åÕ“°√ 196 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘𠉪√…≥’¬åÕ‘‡≈Á°∑√Õ𑧠å, 196 „π «π “∏“√≥–æ◊Èπ∑’ËÕπÿ√—°…å·≈–‡¢µ √—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“ 181

291 Index ICF

Repetition of sounds, 72 Repetitive speech cadence, 72 Sacral vertebral column, 121 Reproductive system, structure, 116 Salivary glands, 115 Residential and non-residential care Salivation, 81 facilities, 203, 204 Sanitation, 196 Residential, commercial, industrial Sanitation of terms, 243 and public buildings, 193 Saving money, 166 Respect and warmth in Scab formation, 103 relationships, showing, 159 Scanners, 174, 176 Respect, ethical quideline for use of Scapula, laterorotation of, 95 ICF, 244 Scapula, medial rotation of, 95 Respiration functions, 78 Scarring, 103 Respiration rate, 78 School education, 164 Respiration, depth of, 79 Scientific symbols, 134 Respiration, irregular, 78 Scooters, 174 Respiration, paradoxical, 78 Scotoma, 62, 63 Respiration, rhythm and depth, 78 Scratching, 104 Respiration, superficial or shallow, Screaming, 72 79 Scrupulous, 50 Respiratory muscle functions, 79 Seasonal variation, 184 Respiratory rhythm, 78 Sebaceous glands, 122 Respiratory system, functions of, Secondary school, 204 78-9 Seeing and related functions, 62-4 Respiratory system, structure, 113 Seeing floaters or webbing, 63 Responsibilities, handling, 131 Seeing functions, 62, 63, 220, 225 Restlessness, 54 Seeing stars or flashes, 63 Retina, 109 Self-assuredness, 51 Rickshaw, using, 147 Self-care and care of others, support Riding animals for transportation, service, 202 148 Self-care, 149-52 Right left coordination, 100 Self-effacing, 51 Right left motor coordination, 100 Self-employment, 166 Right to self-determination or Semantic and symbolic meaning, autonomy, 170 organizing, 59 Ringing in ears, 66 Sensation of distension of the Risk factors, 4 stomach, 84 Romantic relationships, creating Sensation of falling, 66 and maintaining, 163 Sensation of muscle spasm, 102 Romantic relationships, Sensation of muscle stiffness, 102 maintaining, 163 Sensation of nausea, 84 Routines, organizing, 129 Sensation of pain, 68 Rule, following, 126 Sensation of pins and needles, 103 Rumination, 57 Sensation of rotating, swaying or Running, 145 tilting, 66 Running for political office, 170 Sensations related to the skin, 103 Running patterns, 102 Sensation, crawling, 103 Rural land development, products Sensations associated with hearing and technology, 180 and vestibular function, 66 Rural land use policies, 180 Sensations associated with the eye Rural or urban setting, 171, 233 and adjoining structures, 64

292 ICF ¥√√™π’ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬ æ◊Èπ∑’Ë„π‡¢µ™π∫∑ 180 ‡À≈◊Õ·≈–°“√‡¥‘π∑“ߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈‡¢â“ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’™π‘¥∑—Ë«‰ª‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π ¿“¬πÕ° 175 ‡√◊ËÕߢÕß °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑“ß»“ π“À√◊Õ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ”À√—∫™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ 177 ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ 175 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’™π‘¥∑—Ë«‰ª ”À√—∫ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ”À√—∫™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ °“√™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑“ß ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â°“√ ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑“ß»“ π“À√◊Õ§«“¡ »“ π“À√◊Õ§«“¡‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ 178 ‡™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ 178 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ‡æ◊ËÕ º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‘ËßÕ”π«¬§«“¡ „™â„π‡√◊ËÕß °“√°‘®°√√¡ —π∑π“°“√·≈– –¥«°‡æ◊ËÕ„™â à«πµ—«„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—π °“√°’Ó 177 174 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ º≈‘µ¿—≥±åÀ√◊Õ “√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫√‘‚¿§ à«πµ—« ◊ËÕ “√ 175 173 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕß º≈‘µ ‘π§â“·≈–º≈‘µ¿—≥±å,·≈–∫√‘°“√√–∫∫ «—≤π∏√√¡, —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√°’Ó π‚¬∫“¬ 92 177 ºÕ¡´Ÿ∫ 84 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª‡æ◊ËÕ„™â à«πµ—« º—ß‚§√ßÀ≈Õ¥≈¡, 114 „π ™’«‘µª√–®”«—π 174 º‘«Àπ—ß 70, 103, 122 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑—Ë«‰ª ”À√—∫°“√ º‘«Àπ—ߢÕߢ“·≈–‡∑â“ 122 ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ ·≈–°“√‡¥‘π∑“ߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈ º‘«Àπ—ߢÕß·¢π·≈–¡◊Õ 122 ‡¢â“¿“¬πÕ° 174 º‘«Àπ—ߢÕß≈”µ—«·≈– à«πÀ≈—ß 122 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ º‘«Àπ—ß∫√‘‡«≥‡™‘ß°√“π 122 175 º‘«Àπ—ß∫√‘‡«≥»’√…–·≈–≈”§Õ 122 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ º‘«Àπ—ß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à 122 71 º‘«Àπ—ß∫“ß 103 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’„π°“√æ—≤π“∑’Ë¥‘π, º◊ππÈ” 182 180 ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ, 188 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™â à«πµ—« ºŸâ¥Ÿ·≈ 187 „π™’«‘µ ª√–®”«—π 173 ºŸâ∑’Ë∑”ß“π¥â“π·æ∑¬å∑“ß —ߧ¡, 188 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√ ºŸâπ” 206 ‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë·≈–°“√‡¥‘π∑“ߢÕß∫ÿ§§≈‡¢â“ ºŸâπ”∑“ß»“ π“ 187 ¿“¬„π 174 ºŸâπ”∑“ß»“ π“ºŸâµ—¥ ‘π„®·∑π 187 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√∑”ß“π ºŸâª°§√Õß, 162, 182 176 ºŸâ„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ à«π∫ÿ§§≈·≈–ºŸâ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ à«π º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π°“√»÷°…“ ∫ÿ§§≈, 188 176 ºŸâ„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ à«πµ—« 188 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕߢÕß ·ºàπ¥‘π‰À«, 184 °‘®°√√¡ —π∑π“°“√·≈–°“√°’Ó 175 ·ºàπ¬÷¥Õ«¬«–¿“¬„π,ºπ— —ß°—Èπ,∂ÿß,∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ “¡“√∂™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ √–∫ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥, 121 ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â„π‡√◊ËÕß °“√°‘®°√√¡ —π∑π“°“√ ·ºàπ„¬∫“ßÀ√◊ÕÕ«—¬«–∫“ß à«π∑’Ë ¡Õß„À≠à ·≈–°“√°’Ó 177 ¡ÕßπâÕ¬·≈–∑⓬ ¡Õß 107, 262 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬ ·º≈ 103 ‡À≈◊Õ, 175 ·º≈°¥∑—∫, 103 º≈‘µ¿—≥±å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ”À√—∫°“√™à«¬ ·º≈‡ªìππŸπ, 103 ‡À≈◊Õ‡æ◊ËÕ „™â„π°“√∑”ß“π 176 ·º≈À“¬, 103 Ωπ 183

292 Index ICF

Sensations of burning in the eye, 64 Sequencing complex movements, Sensations of cardiovascular and 60 respiratory functions, 80 Service clubs, engaging in, 168 Sensations of digestive system, 84 Service utilization, 13 Sensations of dizziness, 66 Services, systems and policies for Sensations of genital and the production of consumer reproductive functions, 92 goods, 192 Sensations of incomplete voiding of Services, systems and policies, 192- urine, 90 207 Sensations of irritation in ear, 66 Serving food, 155 Sensations of irritation in the ear, 66 Serving meals, 154 Sensations of missing a heart beat, Sewing, 156 80 Sexual arousal, 90, 92 Sensations of muscles and Sexual functions, 90 movement functions, 102 Sexual intercourse, 90, 92 Sensations of pressure behind the Sexual intercourse, discomfort eye, 64 during, 92 Sensations of something in the eye, Sexual interest, 90 64 Sexual preparatory, 90 Sensations of tightness of chest, 80 Sexual relationships, maintaining, Sensations of tired eyes, 64 163 Sensations of urinary functions, 90 Sexually transmitted diseases, Sensing bitterness, 67 avoiding, 152 Sensing cold and heat, 67 Shaft of penis, 117 Sensing noxious stimulus, 67 Shaving, 150 Sensing odours, 67 Shelters for homeless people, 195 Sensing pressure, 67 Shifting mental sets, 58 Sensing pressure against or on the Shifting the body's centre of gravity, skin, 68 139 Sensing saltiness, 67 Shopping, 154 Sensing shaking or oscillation, 68 Shortness of breath, 80 Sensing sourness, 67 Shoulder region, structure, 118 Sensing surfaces and their texture, Shyness, 50 67 Sibling relationships, maintaining, Sensing sweetness, 67 163 Sensing temperature, 67 Siblings, 187 Sensing the presence of sounds, 65 Sightseeing, 168 Sensing the relative position of Sign language, expressing with and body parts, 67 producing, 59, 134-55 Sensing vibration, 67 Signage, 179, 180, 181 Sensitivity to a noxious stimulus, 68 Signs and symbols, expressing with Sensitivity to pressure, 68 and producing, 134 Sensitivity to temperature, 67 Signalling systems, 175 Sensitivity to vibration, 68 Signposting and street lighting, 180 Sensory functions, additional 67-8 Singing, 72, 73, 185 Sensory functions and pain, 62-70 Sister, relating as and to, 163 Sensory functions related to Sitting, 139 temperature, 67 Sitting position, maintaining, 140 Sentience, 48 Skating, 146 Sketching, 134

293 ICF ¥√√™π’ Ωπ 201, 202 ¿“«–°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ§«∫§ÿ¡‡ ’¬ß°√–µÿ° 101 欓∏‘«‘∑¬“, 12 ¿“«–°“√µ◊Ëπ 48,52 欓∫“≈, 188 ¿“«–¢Õߧ«“¡‡ªìπ°√¥„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ 惵‘°√√¡∑’ˇ¢â“°—∫§πÕ◊Ëπ‰¡à‰¥â 51 Ÿß, 82 惵‘°√√¡∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ·∫∫∑’Ë¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬, 57 ¿“«–∂Ÿ°§√Õ∫ß”∑“ß®‘µ 48 æ≈—ß®‘µ«‘∑¬“, 51 ¿“«–∑’ˇª≈’ˬπ‡æ√“–¬“, 48 æàÕ ·¡à, 162, 163, 164, 187 ¿“«–πÈ”§√Ë”¡“°, 92 æàÕ ·¡à∫ÿ≠∏√√¡,187 ¿“«–πÈ”≈“¬‰À≈¬◊¥, 81 æ—π∏ÿ°√√¡∑’Ë¡’·π«‚πâ¡®–‡ªìπ‚√§, 16, 212 ¿“«–º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, 101 擬ÿπÈ”·¢Áß, 184 ¿“«–º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ æ“Àπ–™π‘¥∑’Ë„™â‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåÀ√◊Õ‰¡à„™â ‡©æ“–∑’Ë, 97 ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå, 174 ¿“«–º‘¥ª°µ‘¢Õß°”≈—ß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, 101 æ“Àπ–‚¥¬ “√ 147 ¿“«–¡◊¥¡—«¢Õß®‘µ 48 æ‘∏’°√√¡,°“√‡¢â“√à«¡„πæ‘∏’°“√ 168 ¿“«–‡¬◊ËÕµ“·≈–°√–®°µ“·Àâß 64 æ‘ —¬·≈–§«“¡§≈àÕßµ—«„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«, ¿“«–√Ÿâ ÷°‡®Á∫πâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘, 68 94 ¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ, 3, 4, 7, 8, 13, 16, 17, æ’ËπâÕß 187 19, 212, 224 æ÷Ëß擺ŸâÕ◊Ëπ‰¥â 51, 171 ¿“«–‡ ’¬ °“√ ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬, 58 æ◊™æ—π∏å 183 ¿“«–‡ ’¬°“√√Ÿâ√ 67 æ◊™·≈– —µ«å, 183 ¿“«–À—«„®≈⡇À≈«, 74 æ◊Èπ∞“π∑“ß —ߧ¡ 17 ¿“«–ÕàÕπ·√ß∑—Èßµ—« ·µà¬—ß√Ÿâµ—« 92 查™â“, 72 ¿“«–ÕàÕπ·√ß∑—Èßµ—« ·µà¬—ß√Ÿâµ—« 96,97 查‰¡à™—¥®“°°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢“¥°“√ª√– “π ¿“…“¡◊Õ∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√, 134, 135 —¡æ—π∏å 102 ¿Ÿ¡‘»“ µ√å∑“ß°“¬¿“æ 182 查‰¡à™—¥®“°°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ¢“¥°“√ª√– “π ¿Ÿ¡‘Õ“°“» 183 —¡æ—π∏å, 71 查‰¡à™—¥√–¥—∫√ÿàπ·√ß 71 ¡¥≈Ÿ° 116 查‡√Á« 72 ¡≈¿“«–¢ÕßπÈ”À√◊ÕÕ“°“» 184 ‡æ¥“π, 111 ¡–‡√Á߇µâ“π¡,240 ‡æ¥“π·¢Áß, 111 ¡“µ√∞“π°“√°àÕ √â“ß 193 ‡æ¥“≈ÕàÕπ 111 ¡“µ√∞“π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, 213 ‡æ», 7, 17, 214 ¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡, 213 ‡æ◊ËÕπ, 187 ¡“µ√∞“𧫓¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬¢Õß™’«‘µ·≈–§«“¡ ‡æ◊ËÕπ∑’Ë∑”ß“π 160, 187, 190 ª≈Õ¥¿—¬®“°Õ—§§’¿—¬, 193 ‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π, 161, 187, 190, 224 ¡“µ√∞“π‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√à“ß°“¬, 213 ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡√ÿàπ, 187, 190 ¡“µ√∞“π∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å™’«¿“æ, 12 ·æ∑¬å 188 ¡“µ√«—¥‡¥’¬«°—π 225, 232 ‚æ√ßÀπâ“¢Õß™àÕßÀŸ, 110 ¡à“𵓠64 øíπ 111 ¡à“πµ“, 109 ‰øøÑ“, 184, 195 ¡â“¡ 113 ‰ø‰À¡âªÉ“, 184 ¡‘µ‘„π√“¬°“√°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ 235-6 ¿√√¬“, §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å 163 ¡’∫“¥·º≈ 8, 212 ¿«—ߧå 48 ¡’º≈µàÕ 55, 180 ¿“æ≈—°…≥å¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, 61 ¡’ à«π√à«¡„π°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ 115 ¿“«°“√≥å∂Ÿ°§√Õ∫ß”∑“ß®‘µ 48 ¡◊ÈÕÕ“À“√, 151

293 Index ICF

Skiing, 146 Social conventions governing one's Skills, acquiring, 126 role, complying with, 160 Skills, acquiring basic, 126 Social cues in relationships, reacting Skills, acquiring complex, 126 to, 159 Skin, 70, 103, 122 Social environment, 10 Skin and related structures, Social insurance programmes, 201 functions of, 103-4 Social life of citizen, engaging in, Skin glands, structure, 122 170 Skin of head and neck region, 122 Social norms, practices and Skin of lower extremity, 122 ideologies, 191 Skin of pelvic region, 122 Social policy, 5 Skin of the shoulder region, 122 Social relationships, informal, Skin of trunk and back, 122 creating, 161 Skin of upper extremity, 122 Social rules, interacting according skin, caring for, 149 to, 160 Skin, glandular functions of, 103 Social or legal status, 160, 170, 214 Skin, hardening, 103 Social security, 5, 6, 201, 202 Skin, insulating function of, 103 Social security services, 201 Skin, photosensitivity, 103 Social security services, systems and Skin, protective functions of, 103 policies, 201 Skin, quality of, 103 Social security systems, 202 Skin, repair functions of, 103 Social space, maintaining, 160 Sleep, 52 Social status, 214 Sleep cycle, 52 Social support programmes, 202 Sleep, amount of, 52 Social support policies, 203 Sleep, maintenance of, 52 Social support services, 202 Sleep, onset of, 52 Social support services, systems and Sleep, quality of, 52 policies, 202 Sleep, REM, 52 Social support systems, 202 Sleep-related movement disorders, Social use of ICF information, 101 ethical guidelines, 245 Slicing foods, 155 Social workers, 188 Small intestine, 115 Socializing, 169 Smell function, 67 Societal perspective on disability, 6, Smelling, 125 7, 15, 16, 27, 213 Smells, 56, 67 Socioeconomic characteristics, 7 Smiling, 134 Soft palate, 111 Smoke, 186 Solutions to questions or situations, Sneezing, 79 finding, 127 Snow, 183 Solving complex problems, 127 Sciableness, 50 Solving problems, 127 Social action, 5 Solving simple problems, 127 Social assistance programmes, 201- Somatization, 57 2 Sorrow, feeling of, 55 Social background, 17 Sound, 185 Social benefit programmes, 251 Sound detection, 65 Social capital, 171, 233 Sound discrimination, 65 Social ceremonies or non-religious Sound distractions, 185 rites, engaging in, 168 Sound intensity, 185 Social change, 20 Sound, lateralization of, 65

294 ICF ¥√√™π’ ‡¡µµ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡¢Õ߉¢¡—π, 86 √–∫∫¢Õß°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß —ߧ¡ ‡¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡¢Õߧ“√å‚∫‰Œ‡¥√µ, 85 202 ·¡µ√‘°´å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈,µ“√“ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√, 14, √–∫∫¢Õß·√ßß“π·≈–°“√®â“ßß“π, 205 15, 229, 235, 236, 237 √–∫∫¢Õ߇ âπª√– “∑, 108 ‰¡à‡ªìπ¡‘µ√ 50 √–∫∫¥â“π°“√¢π àß 197 ‰¡à¡’‡ ’¬ß 71 √–∫∫¥â“π°“√ª°ªÑÕߪ√–™“™π 197 ‰¡à√–∫ÿ„π°“√„™â ICF 221 √–∫∫¥â“π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ 196 ‰¡à “¡“√∂º≈—°ΩÉ“¡◊ÕÕ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á«, 100 √–∫∫¥â“π “∏“√≥Ÿª‚¿§ 195 ‰¡à„ à„®, 50 √–∫∫¥â“π ◊ËÕ, 200 √–∫∫𔇠πÕ¢âÕ§«“¡∑“ß‚∑√∑—»πå 196, ¬Õ¡∑”µ“¡ª√–‡æ≥’π‘¬¡∑’Ë°”Àπ¥∫∑∫“∑ 200 160 √–∫∫√à“ß°“¬, 4, 7, 10, 12 ¬“, 173 √–∫∫‡»√…∞°‘®, 201 ¬“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë„™â‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåÀ√◊Õ¬“πæ“Àπ–∑’Ë √–∫∫ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, 203, 212 „™â·√ß —µ«å 147 √–∫∫ “√ π‡∑», 5 ‡¬◊ËÕ,‡ª≈◊Õ°≈Ÿ°µ“,‡¬◊ËÕ‚≈À‘µ ¢Õßµ“´÷ËßÕ¬Ÿà √–∫∫ ”À√—∫°“√ ‘π§â“∫√‘‚¿§ 192 √–À«à“ßµ“¢“« °—∫®Õµ“ 109 √—߉¢à, 116 ‡¬◊ËÕ·°â«ÀŸ, 109 √—∞∫“≈¢Õß∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ ¢Õß¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§·≈–¢Õß™“µ‘, ‡¬◊ËÕÀÿâ¡ ¡Õß, 108 206 √“¬°“√°‘®°√√¡·≈–°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡ 234-7 √∂ª√–®”∑“ß,174 √‘¡Ω望°, 111 √∂¬πµå 174 √‘¡Ω望°∫π 111 √∂¬πµå,°“√¢—∫¢’Ë, 147 √’‡ø≈°¢Õß°“√ªÑÕß°—π, 64 √∂¬πµå,°“√´àÕ¡·´¡, 157 √Ÿª·∫∫°“√°â“«‡¥‘π, 102 √∂√—∫®â“ß “∏“√≥– 147 √Ÿª·∫∫°“√¥”‡π‘π™’«‘µ, 17 √à«¡· ¥ß‡Õß 169 √Ÿª·∫∫°“√‡¥‘π 102 √ ™“µ‘ 56 √Ÿª·∫∫°“√‡º™‘≠·≈–°“√®—¥°“√°—∫ªí≠À“ √–À— ∑’ˇªìπµ—«‡≈¢ ¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 220 17 √àÕß®¡Ÿ°, 111 √Ÿª·∫∫°“√«‘Ëß 102 √–¥—∫¢Õß‚Õ‚´π, 186 √Ÿª·∫∫°“√À≈ߺ‘¥ 57 √–∫∫ 192 √Ÿª·∫∫¢Õߧ«“¡§‘¥ 57 √–∫∫°“√§«∫§ÿ¡¥â«¬‡ ’¬ß查 174,176 √Ÿª·∫∫¢Õߧ«“¡æ‘°“√®“°ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√à«¡ √–∫∫°“√§«∫§ÿ¡√–¬–‰°≈‡∫Á¥‡µ≈Á¥ 174, °—π, 8, 17, 18, 19 176 √Ÿª·∫∫§«“¡æ‘°“√¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 18 √–∫∫°“√‡§À–, 195 √Ÿª·∫∫§«“¡æ‘°“√¢Õß™’«®‘µ«‘∑¬“ —ߧ¡, 20 √–∫∫°“√®à“¬§à“™¥‡™¬ 5 √Ÿª·∫∫§«“¡æ‘°“√∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å, 19, 20 √–∫∫°“√ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ 202 √Ÿª·∫∫§«“¡æ‘°“√∑“ß —ߧ¡, 19, 20 √–∫∫°“√‡¡◊Õß 206 √Ÿâ ÷°πà“≈–Õ“¬ 16, 19, 239 √–∫∫°“√»÷°…“, 205 √Ÿâ ÷°·πàπ„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ 84 √–∫∫°“√»÷°…“·≈–°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡, 204 √Ÿâ ÷°¡’§«“¡À«—ß, 50 √–∫∫°“√ àß —≠≠“≥ 175 ‡√Á«‡°‘π‰ª 78 √–∫∫°“√ àß —≠≠“≥‡ ’¬ß 175 ·√ߢ—∫,®‘µ«‘∑¬“ 50-4 √–∫∫°“√„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ, 5, 6 ·√ß®Ÿß„®, 51 √–∫∫¢Õß°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√„™âæ◊Èπ∑’Ë«à“߇ª≈à“, ·√ßµ÷ßµ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, 97 194 ·√ßÀ¥µ—«¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ—«„®ÀâÕß≈à“ß Ventricular 74

294 Index ICF

Sound quality, 185 Statistical norms, 213 Sound separation and blending, 65 Stereotypic speech cadence, 72 Sound transmission systems, 175 Stereotypies, 101 Sounding out words, 125 Sterility, 92 Sounds, making a range of, 73 Stigma, 16, 19, 239 Spastic dysarthria, 71 Stomach, 115 Spastic gait, 102 Stomach gas, 84 Speaking, 59, 134 Stomach spasm, 84 Speech articulation, 71 Storage of nutrients in the body, 83 Speech discrimination, 65 Storing daily necessities, 156 Speech, modulation of pitch Storing food, drinks, 156 patterns, 72 Strangers, 188 Speech, monotone, 72 Street lighting., 180 Speech therapists, 188 Stress, 212 Speech, fluency and rhythm of, 72 Stress, handling, 129, 131 Speech, speed of, 72 Stress incontinence, 89 Speech, uninterrupted flow of, 72 Stretch motor reflex, 99 Spelling, 125 Students, 161, 188 Spinal cord, 107 Stupor, 48 Spinal cord, cauda equina, 108 Stuttering, 72, 240 Spinal cord, cervical, 107 Subfertility, 92 Spinal cord, lumbosacral, 108 Subjective well-being and ICF, 251 Spinal cord, thoracic, 107 Subordinate, people positions of, Spinal nerves, 108 188 Spiritual contemplation, engaging Substance abuse, 51 in, 169 Substitute decision-makers, 187 Spirituality, engaging in, 170 Suburban land development, Spleen, 113 products and technology, 180 Spontaneous abortions, 92 Subway, using, 147 Sporting organizations, 125, 177, Sucking, 81 199 Summary measures of population Sports, engaging in, 169 health, 4 Spousal relationships, creating and Sunlight, 184 maintaining, 163 Supervisors, 187 Spouses, 187 Supine position, staying in, 139 Squatting, 138 Support and relationships, 187-9 Squatting position, maintaining, Supporting reactions, 100 139 Supportive functions of arm or leg, Stability of joint, 94 100 Stability of joint, single, 95 Surface and air mail, 196 Stability of joints, generalized, 95 Survey, application of ICF, 221 Stability of joints, several, 95 Swallowing, 82 Stamina, 51, 80 Sweat glands, 122 Stammering, 72 Sweating, 103 Standard Rules for the Equalization Sweeping, 155 of Opportunities for Persons Swimming, 145 with Disabilities (1993), 6, 170 Symbolic notation systems, 134 Standing, 139 Sympathetic nervous system, 108 Standing position, maintaining, 140 Symptoms and signs, 13 Statesthesia, 67 Synagogue, attending, 169

295 ICF ¥√√™π’ ‚√§ 3, 4, 8, 13, 15, 16, 19, 20, 212, ‰«µ“¡‘πÀ√◊ÕÕ“À“√‡ √‘¡Õ◊ËπÊ 173 219 ‚√§°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÕàÕπ·√ß, 98 »“≈À√◊ÕÀπ૬ߓπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√µ—¥ ‘π ‚√§¢Õß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ—«„®, 74 §¥’§«“¡Õ◊ËπÊ 198 ‚√§‰¢¢âÕ 94 »‘≈ªîπÀ√◊Õ™à“ßΩï¡◊Õ 166 ‚√§™—°°√–µÿ° 101 »’√…–≈â“π 114 ‚√§‡∫“À«“π 238 »Ÿπ¬åª√– “πß“π„πª√–‡∑»‡π‡∏Õ·≈π¥å, ‚√§æ“√å°‘π —π (Parkinson), 98 247 ‚√§æŸ¥™â“ ∑«π§”查ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ‚¥¬‰¡àµ—Èß„®, 54 »Ÿπ¬åª√– “πß“π„πª√–‡∑»Ω√—Ë߇» , 247 ‚√§‡√◊ÈÕπ, 19 »Ÿπ¬åª√– “πß“π„πÕ‡¡√‘°“‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õß ‚√ß欓∫“≈, 203, 204 ICIDH, 247 ‚√߇√’¬π«‘™“™’æ, 164 ‚√ß≈–§√, °“√‰ª 169 °Ÿ‡µÕ√å 174 ∂“π∑’Ë„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æÕ◊ËπÊ 203, ≈¡ 184 204 ≈—°…≥–¢Õß惵‘°√√¡‚¥¬√«¡, 17 ∂“π¿“æ∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬„π∞“π–∑’ˇªìπ ≈—°…≥–¢Õßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë, 182 ª√–™“™π, 170 ≈—°…≥–∑“߇»√…∞°‘® —ߧ¡ 7 ∂“π¿“æ∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬„π∞“π–∑’ˇªìπ ≈—°…≥–∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ 17 ª√–™“™π§πÀπ÷Ëß, 170 ≈—°…≥–‰¡àπà“‡™◊ËÕ∂◊Õ 50 ∂“π–∑“ß —ߧ¡ 214 ≈—°…≥–Õ“√¡≥å§ß∑’Ë, 50 ∂“π–¿“æ∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å™’«¿“æ, 12 ≈—∑∏‘‡»√…∞°‘®°“√‡¡◊Õß, 201 ∂“π– à«πª√–°Õ∫∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ ÿ¢¿“æ, ≈”µ—«¢ÕßÕ«—¬«– 117 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 16, 22, 212 ≈”‰≈â„À≠à, 115 ∂“∫—π°“√»÷°…“°—∫Õÿ¥¡»÷°…“ 204 ≈”‰ â‡≈Á° 115 ∂“∫—π°“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫Õÿ¥¡»÷°…“, 204 ≈”‰ âÕÿ¥µ—π, 82 ∂“ªπ‘° 188 ≈‘Èπ 111 ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡ 19 ≈‘øµå, ∫—π‰¥‡≈◊ËÕπ, 178 ∂‘µ‘ ÿ¢¿“æ, 5 ≈ÿß 163,187 ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡®√‘ß 15, 229, 232 ≈Ÿ°µ“, 109 ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß —ߧ¡, 16, 20 ‡≈π 巰⫵“,109 ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß°“¬¿“æ, 10, 16 ‡≈Á∫‡∑â“ 122 ¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 15, 16, ‡≈Á∫¡◊Õ, 122 17, 20, 21, 22, 212, 220 ‡≈‡∫’¬‡≈Á°, 116 ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õß Hormonal, 87 ‡≈‡∫’¬„À≠à, 116 ¡¥ÿ≈¢Õ߇°≈◊Õ·√à, 86 ‡≈◊Õ¥≈¡‰¡àª°µ‘ À≈—ßÀ¡¥ª√–®”‡¥◊Õπ, 92 ¡Õß à«π°≈“ß, 107 ¡Õß à«π¢¡—∫, 107 «ß®√¢Õß°“√πÕπÀ≈—∫ 52 ¡Õß à«π∑⓬∑Õ¬, 107 «—Æ®—°√¢Õߥ«ß®—π∑√å, 185 ¡Õß à«π∑’ˇªìπ‚æ√ß,107 «‘߇«’¬π 66 ¡Õß à«ππÕ° 107 «‘∑¬ÿ 125, 199, 200 ¡Õß à«πÀπâ“, 107 «ÿâπµ“, 109 ¡Õß à«πÀπâ“, 57 ‡«≈“, budgeting 130 ¡Õ߇ ◊ËÕ¡ 49 ‡«≈“,°“√®—¥ √√ª√‘¡“≥¢Õ߇«≈“ 58 ¡“§¡,°“√‡¢â“√à«¡„π ¡“§¡ 168 ‡«’¬πÀ—« 66 ¡“§¡,»“ π“ 199 ·«à𠓬µ“·≈–§Õπ·∑§‡≈π å, 175 ¡“§¡§πæ‘°“√√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» 242

295 Index ICF

Systematizing, 57 Television and video equipment, Systems, 192 175 Temperament, 50 Tables, adjustable, 176 Temperature, 183 Tachycardia, 74 Temple, attending, 169 Tachylalia, 72 Tension, 54, 55 Tachypnoea, 78 Terms, in the ICF, 3, 6, 7, 10, 13, 21, Tactile perception, 56 49, 171, 211, 216, 217, 235 Tangentiality, 56, 57 Testes, 117 Tarsal bones, mobility of, 95 Tetraparesis, 96, 98, 99 Task, 7, 10, 11, 14, 15, 123, 216, 229, Tetraplegia, 96, 98, 99 243, 239 Textiles, 174 Task, undertaking complex, 129 Theatre, going to, 169 Task, undertaking simple, 129 Thermoregulatory functions, 87 Task, undertaking single task in a Thigh, 119 group, 129 Thinking, 126 Task, undertaking single task Thinking process., 56 independently, 129 Thinning of skin, 103 Tasks, carrying out multiple, 130 Thoracic cage, 114 Tasks, completing multiple, 130 Thoracic respiratory muscles, Tasks, undertaking multiple, 130 functions of, 79 Tasks, undertaking multiple tasks in Thoracic vertebral column, 120 a group, 130 Thought, 56 Tasks, undertaking multiple tasks Thought broadcast, 57 independently, 130 Thought insertion, 57 Tasks and demands, general, 129- Thought, content of, 57 132 Thought, control of, 57 Taste function, 67 Thought, forms of, 57 Tastes, 56 Thought, pace of, 56 Tasting, 67, 125 Thromboembolism, 75 Taxi, using, 147 Throwing objects, 143 Taxonomic and terminological Thymus, 113 issues, 211-18 Thyroid gland, 115 Taxonomic principles, 211 Tics, 101 Teachers, 164, 187, 188 Time, allocating amounts of time to Tear ducts and glands, functions of, events, 58 64 Time, budgeting , 130 Teeth, 111 Time, experience of, 61 Teeth, caring for, 149 Time management, 58 Telecommunication devices, using, Timer switches, 174, 176 136 Time-related changes, 185 Telecommunication regulation Timid, 51 authorities, 196 Tingling, 67, 68, 103 Telephone, 175, 196 Tinnitus, 66 Telephone relay, 196 Toe nails, 122 Telephones, using, 136 Toileting, 150 Teletext, 196, 200 Tolerance in relationships, showing, Teletype, 196 159 Television, 175, 199, 200 Tolerance to cold, 87 Tolerance to food, 83

296 ICF ¥√√™π’ ¡“§¡¥â“π«—≤π∏√√¡·≈–»“ π“ 199 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ¢Õß™’«‘µ§Ÿà,°“√ √â“ß·≈–°“√ ¡“§¡∑𓬧«“¡,·æ∑¬ ¡“§¡ À√◊Õ™¡√¡ √—°…“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ 163 «‘™“°“√, °“√‡¢â“√à«¡ 199 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√°—∫§π∑’Ë√Ÿâ®—°°—π ¡“§¡∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√, 168 162 ¡“™‘°„π™ÿ¡™π 187, 190 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë π‘∑™‘¥™Õ∫°—π, 163 ¡“∏‘ 53 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈‡©æ“–√“¬, 161- ¡“∏‘, 126 3 ¡ÿπ‰æ√, 173 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ßæ’ËπâÕß, 163 à«π¢Õß°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ 216, 219 —¡æπ∏¿“æ√–À«— à“ß≈Ÿ°°—∫æàÕ·¡à 162 à«π¢Õß°“√√—∫°≈‘Ëπ 67 “π ÿ¢Õπ“¡—¬ 196 à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬∑“ß°“¬«‘¿“§ 10, 12, 213 “¬µ“‡ ’¬ 63 à«π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–µà“ßÊ, 10, 12 “√ π‡∑»¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ, 5 à«π¥â“ππÕ°¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–, 116 “√– ”§—≠¢Õß™’«‘µ, 164-7 à«πµà“ßÊ ∑“ß‚§√ß √â“ß, 21 “‡Àµÿ 13 à«π∑⓬¢Õß ¡Õß∑’˵‘¥°—∫‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß, 107 “‡Àµÿ¢Õß¿“«– ÿ¢¿“æ, 4, 13 à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß ÿ¢¿“æ, 4 ‘Ëß°√–µÿâπ∑“ß “¬µ“, 56 à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬ 8, 11, 14-7, 19, 22-4, ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπªí®®—¬¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡, 6, 11, 216, 222, 229-32, 235, 237, 251 17, 22, 24, 171-2, 214, 222, 230, à«πª√–°Õ∫¬àÕ¬¢Õß°“√„™â ICF, 3, 8, 232-3, 243 18, 19 ‘Ë߇°◊ÈÕÀπÿπªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡, 6, 11, 17, à«πª≈“¬¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–, 117 22, 24, 171, 172, 214, 222, 230, à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õß°“√∑”ß“π·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° 232, 233, 243 ¢Õß√–∫∫À—«„® À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·≈–√–∫∫ ‘Ëß∑Õ 174 ∑“߇¥‘πÀ“¬„® 79-80 ‘Ëߪ√–¥—∫ 153 à«π‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢Õߥâ“π°“√√—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° 67-8 ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘·≈– ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë à«π√—∫√Ÿâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫‡ ’¬ß 65 ¡πÿ…¬å √â“ߢ÷Èπ,182-6 «— ¥‘°“√ 201, 202 ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß —ߧ¡ 10 À°√≥å 200 ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ß, 15, 229, 232 À°√≥å·≈–«‘ “À°‘® 200 ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈π—ÈπÕ¬Ÿà, 173 À¿“æ¬ÿ‚√ª, 206 ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ªí®®ÿ∫—π, 7, 11, 15, 19, 24, À¿“æ·√ßß“π 205, 206 123, 214, 229, 230, 232, 238 —¡æ—π∏å 72 239, 241, 252 —≠≠≈—°…≥å∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 134 ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¡“µ√∞“π, 3, 11, 15, 47, —µ«å‡æ◊Ëՙ૬∫ÿ§§≈„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·≈–°“√ 105, 123, 124, 172, 214, 229, ¢π àß 188 230, 232, 252 —µ«å‡≈’È¬ß 183 ‘∑∏‘∑“ß»“ π“ 191 —µ«å‡≈’È¬ß 188 ‘∑∏‘„π°“√µ—¥ ‘π„®¥â«¬µπ‡ÕßÀ√◊Õ°“√ —µ«å‡≈’Ȭß, 156, 157, 188 ª°§√Õßµπ‡Õß 100 —¡º— 56, 67, 68 ‘∑∏‘„π°“√µ—¥ ‘π„®¥â«¬µ—«‡Õß, 170 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫°“√ —¡º— ∑“ß°“¬ 159 ‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π, 6, 20, 170 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫ —≠≠“≥∑“ß —ߧ¡ 159 ‘π∑√—æ¬å 181 —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°“√· ¥ß§«“¡‡§“√æ...·≈– ‘π∑√—æ¬å∑“ß°“√‡ß‘π 181 §«“¡Õ∫Õÿàπ 159

296 Index ICF

Tolerance to heat, 87 Typewriters, using, 136 Tongue, 111 Tools, 126, 143, 153, 157, 174, 176 Ulcers, 103 Tools, maintaining and repairing Uncles, 163, 187 tools, 157 Understanding oneself, 58 Tornadoes, 184 Understanding words, 125 Torticollis, 97 Underweight, 84 Touch, 56, 67, 68 Unemployment insurance, 201, Touch function, 67 202, 203 Touching, 67, 125 UNESCO's International Standard Tourism and travelling for pleasure, Classification of Education, 204 engaging in, 168 Uniform environment, 3, 11, 15, 47, Trachea, 113 105, 123, 124, 172, 214, 229, 230, Tracking movements of the eye, 64 232, 252 Trade unions, 205, 206 Unintentional muscle contractions, Trading in commodities, 167 101 Traditional leaders, 206 United Nations, 5, 6, 170, 206 Train, using, 147 United Nations Universal Training and skills programmes, Declaration of Human Rights 204 (1948), 170 Training services, 204 Universalism and the ICF, 7, 22, 248 Trance, 48 Unreliable, being, 50 Transfer devices, 174 'Unspecified', use in ICF, 221 Transferring oneself, 140 Upbringing, 17 Transferring oneself while lying, Upper arm, 118 140 Upper extremity, structure, 118 Transferring oneself while sitting, Upper lip, 111 140 Urban land development, products Transport assistants, 188 and technology, 180 Transport of food through stomach Urban land use policies, 180 and intestines, 83 Ureteric obstruction, 89 Transportation planning, 197 Ureters, 116 Transportation policies, 197 Ureters, functions of, 89 Transportation routes, 194 Urethra, 116 Transportation services, 197 Urge incontinence, 89 Transportation services, systems Urine, collection of, 89 and policies, 196 Urinary bladder, 116 Transportation systems, 197 Urinary continence, 90 Transportation, public, 197 Urinary filtration, 89 Transportation, support service, Urinary functions, 89-90 202 Urinary retention, 89 Transporting objects, 141 Urinary system, structure, 116 Trauma, 8, 212 Urinary urgency, 89 Tremor, 101 Urination functions, 89 Trunk, structure, 120 Urination, frequency, 89 Trustees, 187 Urination, regulating, 150 Trustworthiness, 51 Urine retention, 89 Tunnel vision, 62, 63 Uterus, 116 Turning or twisting the hands or Utilities, 195 arms, 143 Utilities policies, 196

297 ICF ¥√√™π’ ‘π∑√—æ¬å∑’Ë®—∫µâÕ߉¥â 181 Àπ૬ߓπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ÕÕ°°Æ§«∫§ÿ¡ ‘π∑√—æ¬å∑’Ë®—∫µâÕ߉¡à‰¥â 181 ¥â“π‚∑√§¡π“§¡ 196 ’¢Õß°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ,°“√‡ÀÁπ, ’∑’Ë¡Õ߇ÀÁπ 56, Àπ૬ߓπ∑’Ë∑”Àπâ“∑’˧ÿ⡧√ÕߥŸ·≈ºŸâ∫√‘‚¿§ 62, 63, 184 195 ÿ¢¿“殑µ, 220, 247, 250 Àπ૬ߓπ∫√‘À“√√–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘ËπÀ√◊Õ√–¥—∫ ‡ âπª√– “∑¢Õß°–‚À≈°»’√…– 107 À¡Ÿà∫â“π 206 ‡ âπª√– “∑¢Õ߉¢ —πÀ≈—ß 108 Àπ૬∑’Ë„™â„π°“√®”·π° 7-8, 10, 217 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ æ—ßæ◊¥¢âÕ‡∑â“ ·≈–¢Õߢ“ à«π≈à“ß, Àπ—ßµ“, 109 120 Àπ—ßµ“µ° 64 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁππÕ°¢âÕµàÕ,‡π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕ,æ—ߺ◊¥∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ° Àπ—ß ◊Õ, 176 °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå, 127, 199, 200 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–‡π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕ¢Õßµâπ·¢πæ—ߺ◊¥ à«π Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æåÀ√◊ÕÀπ—ß ◊ÕÕ◊ËπÊ∑’ˇªìπ ∫π, 118 Braille, 200 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥¢Õߢ“ à«π≈à“ß, 120 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß®‘µ¥â“π¿“…“, 58 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥¢Õߢ“ÕàÕπ, 120 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢ÕßÕ“√¡≥å, 55 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥¢Õß·¢π à«πª≈“¬, 119 Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√√—∫√Ÿâ, 55 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥¢Õß∫√‘‡«≥‰À≈à, 118 Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ√–¥—∫ Ÿß°«à“ 57 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥¢Õß≈”µ«,— 121 Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√©π«πÀÿâ¡¢Õߺ‘«Àπ—ß 103 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥¢Õß»’√…–·≈–§Õ, 118 Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√º ¡º “π‚¥¬√«¡¥â“π¿“…“, ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–æ—ߺ◊¥∫√‘‡«≥Õÿâ߇™‘ß°√“π, 119 59 ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ·≈–‡¬◊ËÕÀÿâ¡¢Õß¡◊Õ, 119 Àπâ“Õ°·≈– à«πª≈“¬¢ÕßÀπâ“Õ°, 116 ‡ ’¬ß 185 À¡¥À«—ß 50 ‡ ’¬ß¢÷Èπ®¡Ÿ°¡“°‡°‘π‰ª, 71 À≈ß≈◊¡ §«“¡‡°’ˬ«æ—π¢Õ߇Àµÿ°“√≥å 53 ‡ ’¬ß§≈◊Ëπ®¡Ÿ°πâÕ¬°«à“ª°µ‘, 71 À≈Õ¥‰µ 116 ‡ ’¬ß§«“¡∂’Ë„π√–¥—∫‡¥’¬« 72 À≈Õ¥π”≈¡√–À«à“ßÀ≈—ß®¡Ÿ°°—∫ÀŸ à«π°≈“ß, ‡ ’¬ß‡∫“, 71 109 ‡ ’¬ß Ÿß ‡ ’¬ßµË”, 72 À≈Õ¥ªí “«– 116 ‡ ’¬ß·À∫, 71 À≈Õ¥≈¡§Õ 113 ‡ ◊Èպⓠ151, 155, 156, 174 À≈Õ¥≈¡À¥‡°√Áß, 78 · ß «à“ß, 184 À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ coronary ‡≈◊ËÕ¡ 74 · ß «à“ߢÕߥ«ßÕ“∑‘µ¬å 184 À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥” 113 · ß «à“߇∑’¬¡, 184 À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥”µ’∫ 75 · ∫√âÕπ≈‘Èπªïò, 84 À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥·¥ß 113 ‚ µ∑—»πŸª°√≥å, 175 À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ΩÕ¬, 113 ‚ µª√– “∑ (ÀŸ) ·¬°§«“¡·µ°µà“ߥâ“π À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥æÕßµ—« 75 ground, 65 À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥À—«„®‰¡àæÕ 75 À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥„À≠൒∫ 75 À¥‡°√Áß°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ 101 À≈Õ¥‡ ’¬ß‡ âπ‡ ’¬ß 112 Àπ૬§«∫§ÿ¡ ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡, 174 À≈Õ¥Õ“À“√, 115 Àπ૬ߓπ¥â“πºŸâ∫√‘‚¿§ 192 À≈—°°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑ 211 Àπ૬ߓπ∑“ß°“√‡ß‘π, 200 À≈—°°“√®”·π°ª√–‡¿∑·≈–°“√∫—≠≠—µ‘»—æ∑å 211-18

297 Index ICF

Utilities services, 195 Vocational training for trade, 164 Utilities services, systems and Voice and speech functions, 71-3 policies, 195 Voice and speech, related structure, Utilities systems, 195 111-2 Voice functions, 71 Vacuum cleaners, using, 156 Voice prostheses, 175 Vagina, 116 Voice, production of, 71 Vaginal canal, 116 Voice, quality of, 71 Vaginal lubrication, 90 Voice-controlled systems, 174, 176 Vaginismus, 90 Voiding the urinary bladder, 89 Values, 190, 214, 237 Volitional control, 57 Varicose veins, 75 Voluntary movement, control of, Vasomotor function, 75 100 Vegetative states, 48 Voluntary movements, Vehicle adaptations, 174 coordination of, 100 Vehicles, human-powered, using, Vomiting, 81, 82 147 Voting, 170, 206 Vehicles, maintaining, 157 Veins, 113 Wakeful state, wakefulness, 48, 52 Veins, functions of, 75 Walker, moving around with, 146 Venous, 75 Walking, 144 Venous constriction, 75 Walking aboard a ship, train or Ventricular muscles, contraction other vehicle, 144 force, 74 Walking and moving, 144-6 Vertebral column, 120 Walking around obstacles, 144 Vertigo, 66 Walking around one's home, 145 Vestibular function of balance, and Walking devices, 174 movement and position Walking down streets in the determination, 66 neighbourhood, town, 146 Vestibular functions, 65 Walking long distances, 144 Vibration, 186 Walking on different surfaces, 144 Vigour, 51 Walking on ice and snow, 144 Village authorities, 206 Walking on moving surfaces, 144 Visiting friends or relatives, 169 Walking on sloping surfaces, 144 Visual acuity, 62 Walking patterns, 102 Visual contrast sensitivity, 63, 220 Walking short distances, 144 Visual distractions, 184 Wars, 184 Visual field functions, 63 Washing and drying clothes, 155 Visual perception, 56 Washing body parts, 149 Visual picture quality, 63 Washing dishes, pans, pots and Visuospatial perception, 56 cooking utensils, 155 Vitamin and other supplements, Washing machines, using, 156 173 Washing oneself, 149 Vitiligo, 238 Washing whole body, 149 Vocal folds, 112 Wasting, 84 Vocal tics, 101 Watching, 125 Vocalization, alternative, 72 Water and fuel, provision, 196 Vocational assessment, 5 Water balance, maintenance, 86 Vocational follow-up services, 205 Water retention, 86 Vocational training, 164 Water, bodies of, 182

298 ICF ¥√√™π’ À≈—° Ÿµ√ª√‘≠≠“‚∑‚√߇√’¬π·æ∑¬åÀ√◊Õ Õ«—¬«–‡∑’¬¡√–∫∫ª√– “∑ 174 ‚√߇√’¬π«‘™“™’æÕ◊Ëπ Ê, 164 Õ«—¬«–‡æ»™“¬, 117 À≈“π, 187 Õ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏åÀ≠‘ß 116 À≈’°‡≈’¬ß°“√µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ∑“ß‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å 152 Õ«—¬«– ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå, 116 À≈’°‡≈’ˬߧ«“¡‡ ’ˬߵàÕ ÿ¢¿“æ, 152 Õ—≥±– 117 À≈ÿ¥≈Õ¬®“°§«“¡‡ªìπ®√‘ß 60 Õ—µ√“°“√‡µâπ¢ÕßÀ—«„®™’æ®√, 74 ÀÕ∫-À“¬„®‰¡à∑—π 80 Õ—µ√“°“√À“¬„® 78 ÀàÕ‡À’ˬ«, 50 Õ—µ√“°“√À“¬„®™â“‡°‘π‰ª, 78 À—«„®, 113 Õ—µ√“æ◊Èπ∞“π¢Õ߇¡µ“∫Õ≈‘´÷¡, 85 À—«„®‡µâπ‰¡à ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ, 80 Õ—µ√“‡√Á«„π°“√查 72 À—«„®ÀâÕß∫π, 113 Õ—¡æƒ°…å 96, 98, 99 À—«„®ÀâÕß≈à“ß, 113 Õ—¡æƒ°…å¢Õߢ“ 2 ¢â“ß, 96, 98, 99 À—«‰À≈à‡§≈◊ËÕπ 94 Õ—¡æƒ°…å¢Õß·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“߇¥’¬«, 96, 97, À“¬„®«’¥ 80 99 À‘¡– 183 Õ—¡æƒ°…å§√÷Ëß´’°, 96, 97, 99, 226 ÀŸ, 109 Õ—¡æƒ°…å∑—Ë«µ—«, 98 ÀŸ à«π°≈“ß, 109 Õ—¡æ“µ, 98, 99 ÀŸ à«ππÕ°, 109 Õ—¡æ“µ¢Õߢ“ 2 ¢â“ß, 96, 98, 99 ÀŸ à«π„π, 110 Õ—¡æ“µ¢Õß·¢π-¢“¢â“߇¥’¬«, 96 ‡Àß◊Õ°, 111 Õ—¡æ“µ¢Õß·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“¢â“߇¥’¬«, 96, 97, ‡Àµÿ°“√≥å∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ, 17 99 ‡Àµÿ°“√≥å∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ,°“√‡¢â“ Õ—¡æ“µ¢Õß≈”‰ â, 82 √à«¡„π°‘®°√√¡ 170 Õ—¡æ“µ·¢π¢“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥, 96, 239 ‡Àπ◊ËÕ¬ À“¬„®≈”∫“°, 80 Õ—¡æ“µ§√÷Ëß´’°, 96, 97, 99 ‰À≈à·¢Áß, 94 Õ—¡æ“µ∑’Ë°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ, 96 Õ—¡æ“µ¬å6, 98, 99 Õߧå°√∑“ß«—≤π∏√√¡ .8, 169, 177,187, Õ“°“√¢Õߧ«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡Àπ◊ËÕ¬µ“ 64 198, 199, 249 Õ“°“√¢’ȇ´“, 52 Õߧå°√∑“ß —ߧ¡¥â“πÕ“™’æ 168 Õ“°“√·¢π¢“À≈Õπ, 61 Õߧå°√∑’Ë®—¥¢÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬‰¡à· «ßÀ“°”‰√, 199 Õ“°“√‡®Á∫„π™àÕß∑âÕß, 69 Õߧå°√∑’Ë„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ√à«¡°—π, 198, Õ“°“√‡®Á∫„πÀπâ“Õ°, 69 199 Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥, 68-70 Õߧ尓√°“√°’Ó, 125, 177, 198 Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥∑—Ë«∑—Èßµ—«, 68 Õߧ尓√°“√‡¡◊Õß√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑», 192, Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥∑’Ë·¢π à«π≈à“ß, 69 206 Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥„π∫√‘‡«≥Õÿâ߇™‘ß°√“π, 69 Õߧ尓√¥â“π°“√‡§À–, 195 Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥„π à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, 68 Õߧ尓√√–¥—∫π“π“™“µ‘∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√§«∫§ÿ¡ Õ“°“√™“ 68 ¡“µ√∞“π, 192, 206 Õ“°“√™“, 67, 68 Õߧ尓√√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» ”À√—∫¡“µ√∞“π Õ“°“√´÷Èß 48 “°≈, 173, 192, 251 Õ“°“√µ“°√–µÿ°, 64 Õߧ尓√ Àª√–™“™“µ‘ 5, 6, 170, 206 Õ“°“√µ◊Ëπ‡µâπ °√–«π°√–«“¬ 54 Õπ“¡—¬¢Õßøíπ 150 Õ“°“√∑âÕ߇¥‘π 83 Õ¬“°√ŸâÕ¬“°‡ÀÁπ 50 Õ“°“√∑âÕ߇¥‘π¢Õß¿“«–≈”‰ â, 82

298 Index ICF

Water, getting, 154 Work and employment, 165-6 Watery stool, 83 Work environment services, 205 Wayfinding, building design, Work, volunteer, 166 products and technology, public, Working as a free-lance writer or 179 consultant, 166 Weight maintenance, 84 Working as an artist or crafts Welfare, 201, 202 person, 166 Well-being, 211-2 World Health Assembly, 3, 25, 246, Wernicke’s aphasia, 58 249 Wheelchair, 174-5, 239 Wrist joint, 119 Wheelchair, moving around with, Writing, 59, 127 146 Writing devices, specialized, 175 Wheelchairs and scooters, Writing machines, using, 136 maintaining, 157 Writing messages, 135 Wheezing, 80 Written language, comprehending, Whistling, 79, 185 127 WHO family of classifications., 247 Written record, producing, 127 Wife, relating as, 163 Wildlife trails, 181 Xerophthalmia, 64 Wincing, 134 Wind, 184 Yawning, 79 Withdrawal reflex, 99

299 ICF ¥√√™π’ Õ“°“√∑âÕߺŸ° 83 Õ“√¡≥差ࡄ , 50 Õ“°“√∑’Ë√Ÿâ ÷°«à“Õâ«π‡°‘π‰ªÀ√◊ÕºÕ¡‡°‘π‰ª, Õ“À“√, 173 61 Õ“À“√∑’Ë¡’ª√–‚¬™πå 152 Õ“°“√ª«¥µ“¡¢âÕµàÕ, 69 Õ”π“® à«π¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§ 206 Õ“°“√ª«¥∑’Ë·¢π à«π∫π, 69 Õ‘π‡µÕ√å‡πÁµ, 196, 199, 200 Õ“°“√ª«¥∑’Ë≈”µ—«, 69 Õ◊Ëπ Ê √–∫ÿ „π°“√„™â ICF, 221 Õ“°“√ª«¥∑’Ë»’√…–·≈–§Õ, 69 Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ 183 Õ“°“√ª«¥∑’Ë –‚æ°, 69 Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, 87 Õ“°“√ª«¥∑’ˉÀ≈à, 69 Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘µË”‡°‘π‰ª, 87 Õ“°“√ª«¥„πÀ≈“¬ à«π¢Õß√à“ß°“¬, 69 Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ Ÿß‡°‘π‰ª, 87 Õ“°“√ª«¥√â“«µ“¡·π«√“°ª√– “∑, 70 Õÿª°√≥å™à«¬„π°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë 174 Õ“°“√ª«¥√â“«µ“¡ à«πÀ√◊Õ∫√‘‡«≥, 70 Õÿª°√≥å™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ„π°“√‡¥‘π 174 Õ“°“√ª«¥À≈—ß, 69 Õÿª°√≥å‡∑’¬¡·≈–Õÿª°√≥å‡ √‘¡ 174 Õ“°“√ª«¥À≈—ßµÕπ≈à“ßÀ√◊ÕÕ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«¥, Õÿª°√≥å·≈– —π∑π“°“√°“√°’Ó 177 69 Õÿª°√≥å·≈– “√∑’Ë„™â∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥ 174 Õ“°“√æ–ß“∫ 80 Õÿª°√≥å ”π—°ß“π, 176 Õ“°“√·æâ 68 Õÿª°√≥å‚ µ, 178 Õ“°“√‰¡à ∫“¬®“°°“√¡’√Õ∫‡¥◊Õπ, 93 Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«° À√◊ÕºŸâªÉ«¬‡À≈◊Õ Õ“°“√≈◊Ëπ¢ÕߢâÕµàÕ¡“°‡°‘π‰ª, 94 ¢≥–¡’Õÿª°√≥åÕ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«° 15, Õ“°“√·≈– —≠≈—°…≥å 13 17, 19, 24, 173-7, 203, 204, 214, Õ“°“√«‘߇«’¬π, 66 232 Õ“°“√ —Ëπ 101 Õÿªπ‘ —¬, 17 Õ“°“√‡ ’¬ßÕ◊ÈÕ„πÀŸ 66 Õÿª √√§, 11, 17, 22, 24, 171-2, 214, Õ“°“√À≈ß≈◊¡‡©æ“–‡√◊ËÕß 168 222, 230, 232-3, 238, 243 Õ“°“√À≈—Ë߇√Á«, 90 Õÿª √√§¢Õßªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡, 11, 17, Õ“°“√Õ¬Ÿà‰¡à ÿ° 131 22, 24, 171-2, 214, 222, 230, Õ“™’æ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫°“√Õ∫√¡ 164 232-3, 238, 243 Õ“™’æÕ◊ËπÊ 188 ‡Õ¥ å (AIDS) 240 Õ“∫πÈ”„πÕà“ßÀ√◊ÕÕ“∫πÈ”‚¥¬Ωí°∫—«, 149 Õ“¬ÿ,§«“¡™√“ 17, 212-4 ‡ŒÕ√’‡§π, 184 Õ“√¡≥å 50

299