Satulinmäki Gold Prospect at Somero, SW Finland

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Southern Finland Office- Etelä-Suomen yksikkö M19/2024/2006/1/10 Espoo

Satulinmäki gold prospect at Somero, SW Finland

Niilo Kärkkäinen, Esko Koistinen, Tarmo Jokinen

RUSSIA

SWEDEN FINLAND

NORWAY SATULINMÄKI

HELSINKI

Satulinmäki gold prospect M19/2024/2006/1/10

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF FINLAND DOCUMENTATION PAGE

Date / Rec. no. 29.12.2006

Authors Type of report Niilo Kärkkäinen, Tarmo Jokinen, Esko Koistinen Claim report

Commissioned by GTK

Title of report Satulinmäki gold prospect at Somero, SW Finland Abstract Satulinmäki is an earlier known gold prospect, where the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) has during 2000-2005 carried out exploration which resulted in identifying of at least 600 m long (E-W) and 300 m broad (N-S) gold mineralized area. Within this area, there is one continuous 200 m long and 2-20 m wide, subvertical, NE-SW-oriented gold-rich zone and three other, less drilled and less homogenous parallel gold-enriched zones. The highest grade is 32.1 g/t in one metre core. Gold occurs as separate grains or as inclusions in sulphides. The drilling extended to a depth of 50-70 m. 3D-modelling and a mineral resource assessment of the deposit, depending on the method for estimation, contains 0.6-1.6 Mt @ 1 g/t Au (cut-off 0.2 g/t) including less voluminous higher grade zones. (These results are presented in separate report.) The deposit is open at all directions. The major methods in exploration at Satulinmäki included mapping of bedrock and ore showings, regional geochemical survey, ground geophysical surveys, and diamond core drillings (total of 4727 m). Gold deposit is composed of quartz vein-rich shear zones, which are cutting intermediate and felsic volcanic rocks. The bedding of the volcanic units is east-west and the shearing has occurred in NE-SW-direction. The mineralization is characterized by alteration of the host rocks. Typical for the altered rocks are arsenopyrite, tourmaline, biotite, pyrrhotite, sericite and quartz veins of several generations. Geophysically the mineralized area is characterized by a positive aeromagnetic anomaly that is not related to any special rock type. High total magnetic field probably is result of the hydrothermal activity during gold enrichment. The studies at Satulinmäki is covered by a claim, mine register number 7303/1, of an area of 37.9 hectares. The claim area is forested hill that recently is timbered. There are some farms in the vicinity of the claim, the distance 0.6 – 1 km from the gold deposit. There are no remarkable ground water reserves in the claim area ore close to it. Torronsuo National Park is 2 km east from Satulinmäki. The surface waters are streaming from Torronsuo westwards passing the Satulinmäki area on its northern side. GTK’s investigations indicate that significant gold mineralization has occurred at Satulinmäki and it is related to several NE- SW-oriented sub-parallel structures. Satulinmäki is a potential target for further exploration. By complementary analysing the existing core and by drilling using the 3D modelling and structural data the resources and grade of the Satulinmäki deposit can be increased. Keywords Satulinmaki, Svecofennian, gold deposit, geophysical, geochemical, exploration, 3D modelling Geographical area Finland, Somero, Jokioinen, Satulinmäki, Häme Belt Map sheet 2024 06 Report serial Archive code M19/2024/2006/1/10 Total pages Language Price Confidentiality 55 pages English Classified

Unit and section Project code Southern Finland Office, Bedrock Geology and re- 2901003 sources Signature/name Signature/name

Niilo Kärkkäinen Esko Koistinen Tarmo Jokinen

Satulinmäki gold prospect M19/2024/2006/1/10

GEOLOGIAN TUTKIMUSKESKUS KUVAILULEHTI

Päivämäärä / Dnro 29.12.2006

Tekijät Raportin laji Niilo Kärkkäinen, Tarmo Jokinen, Esko Koistinen Valtausraportti

Toimenksiantaja GTK

Raportin nimi Satulinmäen kultaesiintymä Somerolla, lounais-Suomessa Tiivistelmä Tiivistelmä Someron Satulinmäki on aiemmin tunnettu kulta-aihe, josta GTK on v. 2000-2005 tehdyillä tutkimuk- silla paikantanut vähintään 600 m pitkän ja 300 m leveän kultaa sisältävä alueen. Siinä on laskentaperiaatteista riippuen 0.6-1.6 milj. t malmiutunutta kiveä (1 g/t Au, cut off 0.2 g/t), josta on erotettu yksi korkeita kultapitoi- suuksia sisältävä, 200 m pitkä ja 2 – 20 m leveä, pystyasentoinen jakso sekä kairausviitteitä vastaavista, rinnak- kaisista jaksoista. Korkein kultapitoisuus on 32.1 g/t yhden metrin kairauslävistyksessä. Nämä tulokset sisältyvät erilliseen 3D mallinnos- ja mineraaivarantoarvioraporttiin. Kulta esiintyy vapaina rakeina silikaattien ja kiisujen väleissä ja sulkeumina kiisumineraaleissa. Kultaa on hieman myös Sb- ja Bi-mineraaleissa. Kullan raekoko on 0.001- 0.2 mm ja puhtaus 943-990. Satulinmäen alueella on vuosina 2000-2005 tehty malminetsintä- ja kallioperäkartoitusta, tutkimuskaivantoja, geofysiikan maastomittauksia, kallionäytteiden uranäytteenottoa ja syväkairauksia (yhteensä 4727 m). Lisäksi on tehty esiintymän malmimineraalien mikroskooppi- ja mikroanalyysitutkimuksia, rakennegeologisia tutkimuksia, esiintymän 3-D mallinnoksia ja mineraalivarantojen arvioita, geofysiikan tulkintoja sekä alueellisia geokemiallisia tutkimuksia. Kultamineralisaatio on kvartsijuonia sisältävässä hiertovyöhykkeessä, joka leikkaa intermediaarisiä ja happa- mia vulkaniitteja. Mineralisaatiota luonnehtii mittava muuttumisvyöhyke. Sitä kuvastavat arseenikiisu, turmaliini, biotiitti, magneettikiisu ja usean generaation kvartsijuonet. Geofysikaalisesti mineralisoitunutta aluetta luonnehtii korkea totaalimagneettikenttä, joka ilmeisesti kuvastaa malmiutumisen aikaista hydrotermista toimintaa. Alue on suojattu valtauksella Satulinmäki, kaivosrekisterinro 7303/1, ja sen koko on 37.9 hehtaaria. Valtaus- alueella ei ole merkittäviä pohjavesivaroja eikä luonnonsuojelukohteita. Asutut tilat sijoittuvat kultavyöhykkeen ulkopuolelle, 0.6 – 1 km:n etäisyydelle. Torronsuon kansallispuistoon on etäisyyttä noin 2 km ja vesien virtaama Satulinmäeltä on vastakkaiseen suuntaan. GTK:n tutkimukset osoittavat, että Satulinmäellä on merkittävää, useampaan limittäin sijoittuneeseen rakentee- seen keskittyvää kullan mineralisoitumista. Olemassa olevan kairausmateriaalin täydentävällä analysoinnilla sekä yksittäisten lävistysten varassa olevien kultaviitteiden systemaattisella lisäkairauksella voidan Satulinmäeltä mah- dollisesti osoittaa huomattavia lisävarantoja.

Asiasanat (kohde, menetelmät jne.) Satulinmäki, kulta , malmiesiintymä, geofysiikka, geokemia, kairaus, malminetsintä, 3D-mallinnos, malmiarvio Maantieteellinen alue (maa, lääni, kunta, kylä, esiintymä) Suomi, Länsi-Suomen lääni, Etelä-Suomen lääni, Somero, Jokioinen, Satulinmäki Karttalehdet 2024 06 Arkistosarjan nimi Arkistotunnus Valtausraportit M19/2024/2006/1/10 Kokonaissivumäärä Kieli Hinta Julkisuus 55 sivua Englanti ei julkinen Yksikkö ja vastuualue Hanketunnus Etelä-Suomen Yksikkö, Kallioperä ja Raaka-aineen 2901003 Allekirjoitus/nimen selvennys Allekirjoitus/nimen selvennys

Niilo Kärkkäinen Esko Koistinen Tarmo Jokinen

Satulinmäki gold prospect M19/2024/2006/1/10

Contents

Documentation page Kuvailulehti

1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Role of the Geological Survey of Finland 1

2 LOCATION 2 2.1 Infrastructure 2 2.2 Physiography 3

3 CLAIM 4

4 EXPLORATION METHODS 5 4.1 Bedrock mapping and structural studies 5 4.2 Geochemical exploration 5 4.3 Geophysical survey 5 4.4 Diamond core drilling 6 4.5 Chemical analyses 6 4.6 Mineralogical studies 6 4.7 Documentation 7 4.8 Personnel 7

5 REGIONAL GEOLOGY 8 5.1 Geological setting 8 5.2 Economic geology 9 5.3 Quarternary geology 10 5.4 Regional ore indications 11 5.5 Regional geochemistry 11

6 THE GOLD PROSPECT 14 6.1 Ore indications 14 6.2 Geophysics 16 6.3 Bedrock geology 19 6.4 Structure 23 6.5 Diamond core drilling 24 6.6 3D modelling and mineral resources 29 6.7 Ore mineral investigations 32

7 ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT 36 7.1 General description 36 7.2 Protected areas 38 7.3 Geochemistry of surface waters and glacial sediments (till) 38

8 DISCUSSION 40

Satulinmäki gold prospect M19/2024/2006/1/10

9 REFERENCES 42

10 APPENDICES 44

LITERATURE

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1 INTRODUCTION Satulinmäki was one of the targets when Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) during 2000-2001 remapped the possibly gold enriched alteration zones in South and West Finland (Kärkkäinen et al. 2003). The idea to target on Satulinmäki came from the strong alteration of the wall rocks of the Kutemajärvi gold ore at Orivesi, Tampere belt, where the style of alteration resembles that of Satulinmäki. The first gold bearing samples in Satulinmäki were found by amateur prospectors in 1980. Their discoveries were followed up in 1980-1982 by outcrop sampling and surface percussion drilling showing minor indications of gold (Haga 1984). GTK’s mapping indicated that Satulinmäki is a part of at least 8 km long NW-SE oriented domain including several gold-enriched shear zones and quartz vein systems characterized by arsenopyrite and tourmaline. Detailed geological and geophysical mapping and tentative diamond drilling during 2001 led to the discovery of gold rich zones with grades up to 17.6 g/ton Au/ 1 m core. Later, structural studies, geophysical surveys and further drilling resulted to identifying of, at least, two parallel NE-SW-trending gold-mineralized zones that clearly cut the east-west oriented lithological units at Satulinmäki. Structurally Satulinmäki is located close to two major and several minor fault zones. The most important is a NW-SE-oriented zone, which is characterized locally by intense alteration, common occurrence of arsenopyrite, scheelite and gold. The recently discovered Riukka gold occurrence is in this Somero-Tammela domain. According to new geochemical exploration data, gold potential is high also to the north of this zone, in the Forssa area. There gold is commonly closely associated with copper, though geochemically the best indicators of mineralisation are Sb, Te, As and Bi in till.

1.1 Role of the Geological Survey of Finland One of the main duties of GTK is to promote mineral exploration and mining in Finland. GTK's role includes the exploring and modelling of the main geological units and their ore potential. All discoveries are tendered to the private sector through the Ministry of Trade and Industry. The gold potential of different geological units and domains are currently actively studied by the GTK. South Finland is considered a potential region due to past gold mines, Haveri and Orivesi (mined 1994–2003), advanced new mine projects at Orivesi and Huittinen (Polar Mining Oy/Dracon Mining NL) and several so far subeconomic gold occurrences (http://www.gtk.fi/explor/eco_gold_frame.htm). Reporting of the Satulinmäki gold prospect for open tender is in accordance with the main duties of the GTK. The decision of release of this target is based on promising drilling results.

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2 LOCATION The Satulinmäki gold prospect is in southwestern Finland, 100 km NW of Helsinki (Fig. 1). It is situated at the border of the municipalities of Somero and Jokioinen, in KKJ base map sheet 2024 06; KKJ-coordinates x= 6737550, y=2470750; EurefFin geographic coordinates 60o44'48.74'', 23o27'37.47'' ( future UTM map sheet L3443G3).

Figure 1. The location of Satulinmäki. Main roads in red, fores in green, and agricultural land in yellow

2.1 Infrastructure Satulinmäki claim area is in a wooded hill surrounded by fields (Figs. 2 & 3). The altitude differences are on the scale of a few tens of meters. There are some farms 0.6-1 km from the prospect and a small Luodesuonoja river to the north of the hill (Fig. 3). Drilling water is available from drill holes. There is an access to the claim area by gravel and field roads. The highway number 10, Turku-Hämeenlinna, is 5 km to the north and the paved road number 2803, Somero- Jokioinen, 2 km west of Satulinmäki. The closest towns are Somero, 13 km S, and Forssa, 10 km NE of Satulinmäki. The closest railway station is at Loimaa, 25 km N and the closest airport and harbour are in Turku, 70 km SW of Satulinmäki. The Vammala gold processing plant is 110 km N of Satulinmäki (Figs. 1 & 5).

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2.2 Physiography The claim area represents a typical countryside landscape in southern Finland. Geologically Satulinmäki is a rocky hill surrounded by clay basins. The bedrock is quite well exposed or only covered by vegetation and thin (0.2- 2 m) basal till. The overburden on the fields is thicker (3-8 m) and comprises a thin basal till unit and a thick clay bed above the till. The average thickness of the overburden in the drilling area is 1.7 m. The bedrock is fresh in terms of weathering. There is both old and young spruce and pine forest at Satulinmäki, and the area is partly timbered and replanted during 2004-2005. The climate conditions follow the typical central Fenno- scandian climate with temperate summers and cold winters. There are no lakes or nature protec- tion targets in the Satulinmäki area. The closest nature conservation area is Torronsuo National Park, a large marsh 2 km east from Satulinmäki.

Figure 2. Landscape from the western end of the Satulinmäki hill, view to the south, trench M1.

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3 CLAIM

The Satulinmäki prospect is covered by one claim (exploration licence) having the mine register number of 7303/1. The area of the claim is 0.379 km2 and it includes properties of four land- owners. The major part of the drilling took place within one property, land register number 7:1. Northern part of the claim belongs to Jokioinen municipality, West Finland Province, and the southern part belongs to Somero municipality, South Finland Province. The date of expiry for the Satulinmäki claim is 12.10. 2009. GTK got a 3 years extension for the claim from the Ministry of Trade and Industry on 12. 9. 2006. GTK has another gold claim at Riukka, 3 km southeast from Satulinmäki (Figs. 4 & 5). The other gold claims in the region are in the northern Forssa area, 20 km NE from Satulinmäki.

Figure 3. The claim area at Satulinmäki outlined on base map sheet 2024 06, KKJ coordinates.

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4 EXPLORATION METHODS Preliminary regional studies at Satulinmäki during 2000-2001 included bedrock mapping and survey and mapping of mineralised outcrops and boulders. The major methods during 2001-2005 were diamond drilling, geophysical ground survey, regional till geochemical survey, structural and mineralogical studies and modelling of the mineralization.

4.1 Bedrock mapping and structural studies Work at Satulinmäki started at 2000 by mapping of the alteration features of the bedrock by A. Perälä (2003). During the following field seasons mapping was carried out mainly by field assis- tants. A few trenches were dug by tractor excavator on the crest and in the western end of the hill. Detailed maps were prepared from three major trenches (Appendix 3, location also in Fig. 13 for M1, M2, M3). The field observations were digitalized into WINKALPEA data base of GTK, which now contains 203 cases from the area. J. Ojala (2004) and K. Saalman (2007) from GTK made structural investigations at Satulinmäki. In addition, during 2004, mapping was done by postgraduate students (Nironen 2006). During 2005, detailed studies were done by D. Foster from James Cook Univ. and H. Lahtinen, Oulu Univ. Fluid inclusion studies were done by M. Poutiainen (Helsinki Univ.) and quantitative alteration mineral analyses using VSWIR-reflectance spectrometry by V. Kuosmanen, GTK.

4.2 Geochemical exploration During the mapping, hand specimen were analysed mainly for petrographic use. Sulphide bearing sheared rocks and quartz veins were sampled for gold assays. Diamond saw sampling was done as profiles from excavations, and some gold critical outcrops during 2004-2005. Analyses and a field report of sampling is included in the CD-ROM appended to this report. The till material analysed from Satulinmäki includes mineralized, quartz vein-, arsenopyrite- and tourmaline-rich boulders. The Satulinmäki area is also included into a regional till geochemical survey with a 500 m sample spacing. Material for this till geochemical survey was taken during 2003 from basal till by using light percussion drilling machine (Kärkkäinen et al. 2005). The analyzed material was the commonly used fine fraction of till, i.e. with a grain size <0.064 mm.

4.3 Geophysical survey During 2001, a ground geophysical survey was carried out covering only the area of the Satulinmäki hill, the recent claim area (Fig. 3). The methods used were IP and total magnetic field. Later, during 2003, the survey was extended 3 km SE to Riukka gold mineralization (Joki- nen 2006). The whole area of the geophysical ground survey is shown later in Fig. 11 in this report. Geophysical interpretations include variation of IP effect in different depths (Vanhala 2004) During 2005, geophysical logging (suscebtibility, conductivity and gamma radiation) was done from selected drill holes at Satulinmäki (Jokinen 2006). Petrophysical measurements (density, susceptibility, and inductive resistivity) were done in GTK's petrophysical laboratory from 40 drill core samples in the early stage of exploration for the use of geophysical interpretations. During 2006, specific gravity was measured at Loppi from drill core samples of selected gold- mineralized holes (Koistinen et al. 2006). A special study of paleomagnetic properties of the Satulinmäki mineralization was done by Mertanen (2006).

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4.4 Diamond core drilling Diamond core drilling at Satulinmäki was done in five stages: 2001 6 drill holes 410.20 m 2002 13 drill holes 1127.10 m 2003 8 drill holes 712.60 m 2004 12 drill holes 951.00 m 2005 19 drill holes 1525.25 m Total 59 drill holes 4727.15 m

The first drilling was planned to test both the geophysical anomalies and the concentration of gold within arsenopyrite-tourmaline-quartz vein system. The following two drilling campaigns were done mainly in the eastern part of the claim area. Drilling in the western part during 2004 resulted to promisingly high gold grades at a new location, DH391. This was followed by the last drilling stage and it resulted to detection of the major gold zone. Drilling sites and statistics are included in Appendix 2 (and in Fig. 18). The cores were logged at GTK’s Loppi core archive. After logging, the cores were cut into half by saw (2002-2005 drilling) or by hand splitter (2001 drilling). The whole half-core sample was ground by a swing mill at GTK’s Kuopio or Rovaniemi chemical laboratories. The analyses were made at GTK’s Espoo and Rovaniemi laboratories. In all, 2289 drill core samples were analysed, mainly as one-meter long sections, partly following the rock type boundaries, especially when thick quartz veins occurred in core. Analyses represent 40 % of the total length of drilling (4727 m). Core logging was reported by GTK’s KAIRA program and documented by WINKAIRA. Drill- ing data processing and modelling was done during 2006 by using the Gemcom software (Koistinen et al. 2006).

4.5 Chemical analyses All chemical analyses were made in GTK´s chemical laboratories. The list of order codes of the analyses is as the Appendix 1 of this report. Primary laboratory reports, method descriptions and results are in digital form in CD-ROM appended to this report. The major method in analysing gold is fire assay (plus ICP-AES) from a 50-gram subsample (method code 705P). Gold from the first drill cores (DH326-DH331) was analysed by GFAAS from aqua regia leach Hg-coprecipitation and using 20 g subsamples (method code 522 U). In addition, ICP-AES analyses by partial leaching (aqua regia digestion, method code 511P) were used for samples from holes DH326-D347 and ICP-MS analyses from holes DH379-DH389. Multielement XRF and ICP-MS analyses were done from selected hand specimens representing typical rock types at Satulinmäki (Perälä 2003).

4.6 Mineralogical studies Polished thin sections were made for the petrographical studies which are reported by Perälä (2003). Mineralogical studies were made mainly from sulphide concentrates processed from gold-bearing drill core and outcrop material (Perälä 2003, Kärkkäinen & Hakala 2006). Polished epoxy sections were made from concentrates, and studied by ore microscope and SEM-EDS equipment at GTK’s Espoo laboratory and by WDS at Oulu University.

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Samples are here divided to two group according to preparation methods:

Group 1 samples DH328, 40.30-41.30, 17.8 g/t Au, 0.1 % As DH329, 16.40-17.40, 5.8 g/t Au, 3.5 % As DH330, 52.00-53.00, 1.0 g/t Au, 0.4 % As DH330,72.00-73.00, 4.1 g/t Au, 0.01 % As DH330, 80.45-81.45 3.5 g/t Au, 0.01 % As Group 2 samples DH391, 54.0-55.00 20.1 g/t Au, As not determined DH391, 69.00-70.00 32.3 g/t Au, As not determined Trench M2 sample 8 8.45 g/t Au, As not determined

Group 1 and group 2 were processed differently, which resulted to some major differences in the observations. The first group concentrates were driven through swing mill after crushing and this is seen as rounded grain shapes and practically no free gold grains. The other group concentrates were only crushed before gravity separation and this way the free gold grains were not lost as likely was the case in group 1 samples.

4.7 Documentation All digital data available is included in the CD-ROM that is as an appendix of the paper copy of this report. Paper versions of all material, including maps, reports of chemical lab, thin and polished sections, hand specimen, note books and other primary material are stored in the GTK Espoo Office. Drill core, crushed samples, and drilling reports are stored in the National Drill Core Archive at Loppi. Primary digital data and reports of the chemical analyses are stored in data base of the GTK Chemical laboratory, digital geophysical data in GTK’s geophysical data base and geological observations in the WINKALPEA data base and petrographic descriptions of drilling in WINKAIRA data base.

4.8 Personnel This work is part of GTK’s project number 2901003 (previously 2108000) and it is done through the GTK’s South Finland Office. The manager of this project and responsible of Satulinmäki target was Dr Niilo Kärkkäinen. Lic.Tech. Esko Koistinen is responsible of drilling data processing and 3D-modelling by GEMCOM. Other geologists who investigated Satulinmäki are Dr Kerstin Saalman (structure), Dr Juhani Ojala (structure), M.Sc. Pekka Huhta (till studies), M.Sc. Aarne Perälä (bedrock mapping) and MSc Narkis Latypov (drilling supervision). Lic.Tech. Tarmo Jokinen was responsible for geophysical surveys and Dr Heikki Vanhala made the IP interpretations. Technical and research assisitants on field were Mikko Pelkkala (sampling), Kalevi Kart- tunen (mapping), Juhani Alanen (prospecting) and Pertti Hakala (heavy minerals). Other people working at Satulinmäki were Dr. Matti Poutiainen (Helsinki Univ.), Lic.Phil. Viljo Kuosmanen (GTK), Dr Damien Foster (James Cooks Univ.) and M.Sc. Hannu Lahtinen (Oulu Univ.). Fig- ures for this report were edited by Kirsti Keskisaari and Mirjam Ajlani . Environmental para- graph was reviewed by Prof. Marja Liisa Räisänen and the whole report was reviewed by Dr Pasi Eilu.

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5 REGIONAL GEOLOGY

5.1 Geological setting The bedrock of the Satulinmäki area is composed of volcanic and subvolcanic rocks (Fig. 4). They belong to Forssa Group in the western part of the Häme Belt, a Paleoproterozoic Svecofen- nian island arc complex (Hakkarainen 1994, Kähkönen 2005). The Forssa Group is composed of volcanic and mainly pelitic sedimentary rocks whose basement is unknown. These rocks are metamorphosed under amphibolite facies conditions 1.88-1.86 Ga ago. The belt is composed of several early synclines and anticlines with approximately ENE-WSW to E-W-trending vertical axial plane and subhorizontal fold axis. The orientation of the bedding in the Häme Belt is roughly east-west and the dip of the units is typically steep. The volcanic rocks are strongly deformed, at Satulinmäki they are strongly sheared and hydrothermally altered and brecciated by quartz veins and tourmaline. Similar type of alteration occurs in a 8 km long, WNW-oriented zone, which has in this report is called the Somero-Tammela zone, and includes the Satulinmäki area.

Figure 4. Generalized bedrock map of the Satulinmäki area (Nironen 2006). The region NW of Satulin- mäki and between Satulinmäki and Riukka includes several localities with similar type alteration and this domain is called as Somero-Tammela zone. Volcanic rocks: yellow = intermediate, green = mafic, grey = felsic. Blue = pelitic rocks, Red = intrusive rocks. Outlined areas indicate the Satulinmäki and Riukka targets.

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5.2 Economic geology There have been only a few exploration efforts in the Häme Belt, most of them in the eastern part, near the town of Hämeenlinna. A few VMS-style deposits are known from the vicinity of Satulinmäki. Five km to the NW is the Kiipu Zn occurrence (Mäkelä 1988) and 10 km SE the Tupala Zn deposit (Mäkelä 1989). Minor calcite marble occurrences are known close to Kiipu. The region also is one of the major Li provinces in Finland, composed of tens of Li-Cs-Ta peg- matites and studied by GTK at Kietyönmäki just south from the gold-critical zone (Alviola 1993). During the past decates, several gold discoveries have been made in southern Finland, and most interest has been the Tampere Belt (http://en.gtk.fi/ExplorationFinland/Commodities/ Gold.html). The most promising recent discovery is the Jokisivu gold deposit at Huittinen, which is in the western end of the Pirkkala Belt. There has been only a few gold exploration projects in the Häme Belt. This is reflected by the GTK’s Gold Data Base which includes only four occurrences from the Häme Belt (Satulinmäki, Riukka, Liesjärvi and Pääjärvi). GTK has recently done geochemical till surveys in a large area north from Satulinmäki, and this work indicates a high gold potential in the Latovainio (Kedonojankulma) area, north of Forssa (Fig. 5).

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Figure 5. Generalized geological map and location of Satulinmäki and other gold occurrences in SW Finland (modified from Eilu 1999, http://en.gtk.fi/ExplorationFinland/Commodities/Gold.html).

5.3 Quarternary geology The overburden is thin, 0.2-4 m, on the Satulinmäki area, and is composed of till. Commonly thicker clay bed covers the till on the basins around Satulinmäki (Fig. 6). Till carries much local boulders which are used to track mineralizations in nearby unexposed bedrock. The direction of the continental ice drift here was from 300o (H.Hirvas, personal comm.). The bedrock in outcrops or under the till is not weathered.

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Figure 6. Soil map of the Satulinmäki area.

5.4 Regional ore indications Satulinmäki is part of at least 8 km long WNW-oriented zone characterized by boulders and outcrops composed of sheared and altered rocks and arsenopyrite-tourmaline-quartz veins, and arsenopyrite- and tourmaline dissemination, and locally gold, scheelite or chalcopyrite (Fig. 7).

5.5 Regional geochemistry The Satulinmäki region is within a domain of an ongoing regional-scale geochemical mapping that started during 2002 (Kärkkäinen et al. 2005). There are clear As and Sb anomalies and peaks of gold in the Somero-Tammela zone, which also hosts the Satulinmäki area (Fig. 8).

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Figure 7. Ore showings indicating the Somero-Tammela domain; the upper map is a generalised bedrock map and the lower is a low-altitude aeromagnetic map. The ore showings include Au, or/and arsenopyrite or/and sulphide-tourmaline-arsenopyrite-quartz or/and scheelite or chalcopyrite enrichments in outcrops and glacial erratic boulders.

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Gold in till Arsenic in till

Antimony in till Tellurium in till

Figure 8. Variation of Au, As, Sb and Te concentrations in basal till in the Satulinmäki area. The Somero-Tammela alteration zone, that is covered by geophysical ground survey (see Fig. 11), is outlined by the yellow rectangle. Regional sampling in 500x500m2 grid. Map sheets 2024 03, 2024 06, 2113 01, 2113 04 (each 100 km2). Sampling depth averaging 3.2 meters, analyses from the fine fraction of the till. Note: The regional geochemical mapping extends to a much larger area than shown in this figure (Kärk- käinen et al 2005).

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6 THE GOLD PROSPECT

6.1 Ore indications The Satulinmäki area is rather well exposed. Alteration mapping at Satulinmäki indicated that the southern side of the hill contains an extensive network of arsenopyrite-bearing tourmaline- quartz veins (Figs. 9 and 10). There also are Fe sulphide-rich strongly deformed intermediate rocks and arsenopyrite-bearing and sericite-rich felsic rocks. Quartz veins are most abundant where brecciating felsic subvolcanic rocks. Felsic rocks and quartz veins are surrounded by strongly deformed, sheared intermediate volcanic rocks. Some tens of samples were taken to chemical analyses, which indicate that gold is irregularly enriched to this type of quartz veins. According to Saalman et al. (2006) there are several generations of quartz veins ranging from strongly deformed pre- to syn-Dn+1 veins to late- to post tectonic veins associated with brittle fracturing of the host rock. Most of the quartz veins, and especially gold-bearing veins, formed during Dn+2.

Figure 9. The locations arsenopyrite-bearing outcrops and boulders (green triangles) at Satulinmäki; the claim area outlined.

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Figure 10. Brittle type tourmaline-quartz vein system in felsic subvolcanic rock (large picture) comonly with a dense arsenopyrite dissemination (lower left) and abundant black tourmaline which brecciates the quartz (lower right) at Satulinmäki; gold grade in diamond saw cutting usually < 1 g/t Au.

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6.2 Geophysics In a low-altitude (30 m, 200 m line-density) airborne magnetic map, Satulinmäki is in a clear positive magnetic anomaly within a-low-magnetic area that is bordered by continuous mainly east-west trending anomalies (Fig. 11). The Satulinmäki aeromagnetic anomaly area is small and is not related to any lithological variation in the area. Ground geophysical measurements were done to study the reasons of the magnetic anomaly field. The station interval is 10 meters both in ground magnetic and in IP (a=10 m, n=1-8) measurements. They show that the single aeromagnetic anomaly is broken into smaller and weaker, cloudly, anomaly fields (Fig. 12). These anomalies partly correlate with IP data. Most magnetic rock types at Satulinmäki are pyrrhotite enriched. Magnetite is very rare at Satulinmäki and cannot explain the magnetic anomalies. There commonly is pyrrhotite dissemination in intermediate volcanic rocks and shear zones. Pyr- rhotite occurs also as small patches in quartz veins. Suscebtibility measurements from core and outcrops show that pyrrhotite is commonly non-magnetic at Satulinmäki. There is, however, also highly magnetic pyrrhotite. High susceptibility values are measured from core. In these cases, highly magnetic pyrrhotite is found as thin sulphide veins and patches in drill core where the host rock contains rather dense dissemination of non-magnetic pyrrhotite. The non-magnetic sulphide-rich rocks likely cause the ENE-trending IP anomalies. So, the explanation for IP anomaly is sulphidation related to gold mineralization. High IP-values (blue diagrams) and the magnetic anomalies overlap in the W- and mid part of Satulinmäki (Fig. 12). Both anomalies can be associated with magentic pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite. In the eastern part magnetic, and IP anomalies are separated markedly (Fig. 12). High-IP- low magnetic field is related to sulfides, the most abundant nonmagnetic pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite. The non magnetic IP anomaly follows the direction of the gold mineralization. Some holes were drilled to control deeper IP anomalies, but the explanation for the anomalies remained open. Interpretations of the IP anomalies relating to three different depths: on surface, and in depths of 12 m and 22 m were made by Vanhala (2006). This work indicates stronger anomalies deeper the under surface.

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Figure 11. Low-altitude aeromagnetic map and a close-up of the Satulinmäki region. The area outlined by raster in the the regional map indicates the extended ground geophysical survey .

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Figure 12. Ground magnetic (colours) and IP (profiles) maps of the Satulinmäki claim area. Note the different orientation of the magnetic and IP anomalies.

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6.3 Bedrock geology Satulinmäki is composed mainly of intermediate and felsic volcanic rocks, but there also are mafic volcanic beds and dikes (Fig. 13). Chemical composition of the volcanic rocks indicates that the intermediate rocks are andesites and the felsic rocks dasites (Fig. 14). Metapelites or mixed felsic or intermediate tuffaceous rocks occur on the northern side and further south of Satulin- mäki. Detailed petrographic descriptions and XRF analyses of the rock types are given in Perälä (2003). The primary mafic minerals are replaced by amphibole during regional metamorphism. Biotite is a common secondary mafic mineral and locally replaces most of the amphibole. Andalusite is common in metapelites and indicates low-pressure amphibolite facies metamorphism. Andalusite is altered to sericite indicating a later retrograde metamorphism or a hydrothermal stage related to gold mineralization. There locally are garnets in intermediate rocks. Its occurrence is likely related to alteration, depletion of Na and Ca. Sericite-rich metavolcanic rocks are abundant in the mineralised zone. Tourmaline occurs commonly as fine-grained matrix together with secondary biotite. Volcanic rocks are layered, or due to strong deformation and shearing, banded or brecciated. Felsic lapilli and crystal tuffs and agglomerates are exposed in the western end of the hill (trench M1 in Fig. 13, see detailed map in App. 3). Felsic and mafic dikes and quartz veins cut them. The texture of the weakly deformed volcanic rocks is mainly massive fine-grained and grano- blastic. Rocks contain commonly small feldspar and uralite phenocrysts and locally also amylqoids.

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Figure 13. Bedrock map of Satulinmäki.

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Figure 14. Satulinmäki volcanic rocks in TAS-classification diagram after Perälä (2003).

The key strata in following the altered and gold-mineralized domain is a subvolcanic felsic rock, because it is almost in every case brecciated by a sulphide-bearing tourmaline-quartz vein network (Fig. 10). A typical feature for this rock is dissemination of arsenopyrite which occurs as porphyroblastic euhedral grains. Arsenopyrite is a secondary mineral in the felsic rock, contem- porary with tourmaline and quartz veins. Quartz veins, tourmaline, arsenopyrite, sericitization of feldspar, biotititization of mafic minerals, matrix-type quartz, Fe sulphides, and minor carbonate are the characteristic alteration features at Satulinmäki (Fig. 15). Alteration is partly older than the main deformation stage, because part of the quartz veins and tourmaline bands are folded and quartz has a strong undulatory ex- tinction. Some of the quartz veins are younger than the main deformation. Tourmaline is abundant in all rock types. It occurs as dark patches and streaks in or close to the quartz veins. Locally tourmaline occurs as fine-grained matrix in dark layers in the volcanic rocks. These layers are strongly folded, and thus older than the main deformation stage. In addition, fine-grained tourmaline occurs variously with biotite and quartz in altered intermediate volcanic rocks. Commonly, tourmaline is in veins and arsenopyrite-rich pods or lenses (hydrothermal channels), and seldom also as separate, recrystallized, 1-5 cm-grains with plenty of visible silicate inclusions. Mainly in the intermediate volcanic rocks, there also are rusty, Fe sulphides-rich layers. Pyr- rhotite is also common in gold-enriched shear zones (Fig. 15).

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Figure 15. Quartz veins in sericitized and sheared volcanic rock (upper) and gold- enriched intermediate rock in trench M2 (below). The lower outcop contains 1.9- 8.5 g/t Au in a 5 m long diamond saw profile (marked as red line here). Gold-rich hole DH391 is to the right (south) of this outcrop and is drilled below the outcrop.

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6.4 Structure The layering and lithological contacts are broadly E-W trending and steeply south dipping at Satulinmäki (Ojala 2003). Layering is seen well in felsic pyroclastic rocks, where a strong SW- NE trending foliation cuts the layering. Small dextral displacements along the shear foliation are common. In places fracture fill quartz veins are directed along the shear foliation. In addition there are tension gash quartz veins, which are in places rotated in the most deformed areas (Fig. 16). In felsic dykes, the quartz veins are formed in more brittle manner (see Fig 10). According to aeromagnetic maps the Satulinmäki area is in the intersection area of NW-SE, N-S, and NE-SW trends (Ojala 2003). In a closer view, the Satulinmäki gold critical zone is within a SW-NE trending dextral shear zone (Fig 17). It is likely that gold mineralization is controlled by the intersection between the lithological trend and the shear foliation trend with higher grade shoots plunging steeply. Saalman (2006, 2007) has studied the relationship of the structure and gold mineralization. The pattern of various veins and faults indicate multiple-stage quartz-vein formation associated with shearing and faulting in various stress regimes. Most quartz veins, especially gold bearing veins, formed during Dn+2 According to Saalman et al. (2006) alteration and gold mineralization occurred mainly in zones and veins parallel to Dn+2a shear zones, as well as to reactivated (semi- )brittle faulting and brecciation. This reactivation very likely occurred predominantly during Dn+2b ; and possibly also in Dn+3 Hence, fluid flow could have post-dated shearing, at least in some places, and the pre-existing (and possibly partly reactivated) shear bands just might have acted as pathways for the fluids from sulphide minerals as well as gold precipitated

Figure 16. Sigmoidal quartz vein indicating dextral shear. (6737467N, 2470412E) (Figure from Ojala 2003)

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Figure 17. The main structural trends of the Satulinmäki area according to Ojala (2003).

6.5 Diamond core drilling Drilling at Satulinmäki was done in five stages (Fig 18). Drilling started by testing the gold contents in quartz vein-rich area. Next two drilling stages followed the gold indications in the eastern part of the hill close to DH330, and also tested some IP anomalies elsewhere. Later, one aim was to define the extent of the gold-enriched zone within the E-W-trending altered and sheared domain. The first significant indication of more voluminous ore grade rock was discovered during 2004 in DH391, in the western part of the hill. The last drilling stage during 2005 indicated an existence of a homogenous gold enriched zone around DH391. The first holes (DH326, DH327, D329) were directed below the key outcrops, arsenopyrite rich quartz veins in the southern slope of the hill (Fig. 9). They were mainly sub-economic grade (100-500 ppb Au) except for the hole DH 329 where Au (up to 4.5 g/t) also correlates well with As. The highest gold content, 17.0 g/t, was in DH328 in the western part of the drilling field. This hole was planned to penetrate a ground magnetic anomaly. The magnetic rock is a typical intermediate volcanic rock that visually could not be distinguished from similar non-magnetic rocks. The suscebtibility is increased due to existence of the magnetic pyrrhotite instead of at Satulinmäki more common non-magnetic pyrrhotite. The highest Au grade in DH328 is in a massive felsic rock that contains pyrrhotite- and arsenopyrite-bearing shear streaks. The most interesting hole was DH330. It was drilled 40 m NE of the arsenopyrite-rich key outcrops, and was directed away from the outcrop. In DH330, there are several gold-enriched zones (up to 5.6 g/t Au per metre), where the best 5 m section was 3 g/t Au (Fig. 19). In DH330

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Figure 18. Drilling sites at Satulinmäki, Five different drilling stages are marked with different colours. Numbered holes are mentioned in the text. (Note that the symbol of DH391 is overlapped by a later hole). Direction of the drilling was mainly to the north (360o), in some cases to the south or NW.

Figure 19. Drilling profile 2470 900, holes DH330, DH334. Gold grades on the left (upper side) and As on the right (lower side), Satulinmäki. Green is intermediate, yellow is felsic (or strongly alterd rock) volcanic rock and brown andesitic dike rock. For more detailed profiles see Kärkkäinen et al. 2006

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arsenic is either high (0.5 – 2 %) or low (<0.1 %) in gold-enriched places. The rock type is sheared intermediate tuffaceous rock. In 2002 the extension and direction of the gold mineralised zone were investigated by a couple of parallel profiles, while some geologically critical sites were drilled in the western and eastern part of the area (Figs. 18, 20). Different directions were tested to find the continuity of the gold- rich zones detected in holes DH330 and DH328. The new data showed that the gold-rich zone does not follow arsenopyrite-rich tourmaline-quartz vein-rich zone, but is located slightly north from it. Lithological variation is here frequent, banded intermediate rocks with interlayers of felsic rock. In these holes, one lenticular, at least 50-100 m long and 20 m thick, inhomogeneous, NE-SW-oriented mineralized subvertical zone was identified (called as zone B in modelling of the deposit, see Figs. 24 & 25 later in the report). Also, there are Au-rich intersections that can be parts of additional sub-parallel mineralised zones (Fig.20). The first drilling stages indicated the gold potential of Satulinmäki. However, there were not enough holes for reliably connecting the gold rich sections between the drilling profiles.

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Figure 20. Plan view of drilling in 2001-2002. Variation of the gold content projected to the surface. Increased gold grades in the eastern part of the field. Note the anomalous values also in the drill holes in the NW part (DH344, 72.50-73.50 m: 15 g/t Au) and SE part (DH342 46.00-48.00 2.7-4.6 g/t Au).

During 2003-2004 homogeneous blocks were tried to define by using the idea of NE-SW trending shear zones and possible steep plunge, identified in the structural studies, as controlling the possible ore bodies. As the result, the best section at Satulinmäki was found in the eastern part of the hill (Fig. 21), in DH391 50.00-72.00, 22 m at 3.6 g/t Au. The highest grade was 32.3 g/t Au (DH391:69.00- 70.00). The final stage of drilling (2005) was focused around the DH391. Gold-rich intersections were encountered on both sides of the DH391. For example in DH 413, there is 13 m @ 2.1 g/t Au (62.3-75.3 m), 4 m at 3.5 g/t (51.3-44.3 m), and 2 m at 2.35 g/t (31.00-32.00 ) (Fig. 22).

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Figure 21. Variation of gold in the plan view of the Satulinmäki drilling field after the last drilling period.

Figure 22. An example of a drilling profile in zone A (see Figs. 24, 25), DH413-414, Au grade in g/t. (Kärkkäinen et al. 2006).

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The final result of GTK’s drillings was that one rather homogenous gold-rich zone was pene- trated. It is called as zone A, and the key hole is DH391 (Figs. 24, 25). Another major mineralised zone is of same volume but more inhomogeneous (called as zone B, key hole DH330). In addition, there are several drill intercepts of possibly similar mineralised zones in other localities, two of which are named as zone C (DH327-DH329) and zone D (DH342), on the NW and SE part of the drilling field, respectively (Figs. 23, 24). The direction of these sub-parallel potential ore-bodies is NW-SE, and their length 100-250 m and width 2-20 m.

6.6 3D modelling and mineral resources

Various 3D models and mineral resource estimates were made for Satulinmäki by using GEM- COM software. Both block modelling and traditional linear sectional modelling (polygon-solid modelling) were tested (Koistinen et al. 2006). Mineral resource estimates were not done according to NI 43 – 101 standards. The gold-rich sections are presented in plan view in Fig. 23. Distances to the midway of the neighbouring sections were used as ranges of influence in using linear sectional modelling (Fig. 24). The distribution of gold-rich sections was illustrated by using block modelling with block sizes 5x5x5 m (Figs. 25 and 26) and block sizes 2x2x2 m (Fig. 27).

Figure 23. Plan view of gold composites (sections) over 0.2 g/t Au.

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Figure 24. Drill holes and gold bearing sections used in linear sectional modelling and resource estimates (Koistinen et al. 2006).

Figure 25. Plan view of block model at Satulinmäki, 5x5x5 m high grade blocks Au > 1 g/t (Koistinen et al. 2006).

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It is probably easiest to visualise most of the connections and trends of the mineralised zones by also including the low Au grades into the deposit model. There is a prominent orientation of the mineralised blocks (Fig. 26). The trend is roughly NE-SW. There also is well-organised distribution of blocks of various grades. When using smaller block size (2x2x2 m) the same features are visible, only the sections are thinner (Fig. 27). The total resources at Satulinmäki are 550 000 ton @ 1.14 g/t Au when calculated by using sectional linear modelling and a cut-of at 0.2 g/t (Koistinen et al. 2006). When using a higher cut-off grade, 1 g/t Au, the total resource is 224 000 tons @ 2.12 g/t Au, and a cut-off grade of 0.5 g/t gives 355 000 @ 1.58 g/t Au. Resource calculations by block model estimates at cut off grade 1 g/t Au and 2x2x2 m block size give 360 000 tons @ 2.34 g/t Au and cut off grade 0.2 g/t Au gives 1 600 000 t @ 0.86 g/t Au (Koistinen et al. 2006) . Manually calculated linear resource estimates give roughly the same volumes but with a bit higher grade. Because of a very variable range (distance of influence), an exact estimate is diffi- cult to make. There are three main reasons for difficulties: gold is irregularly distributed (including nugget effect), the drill core is not systematically analysed (analyses are missing in critical places) and the drilling density is not high enough.

Figure 26. Variation of the gold content at Satulinmäki, 3-D block model by using 5x5x5 m blocks and grades > 0.2 g/t Au, direction to SE (Koistinen et al, 2006). High grade = red, low grade=green, blue tubes = analysed barren rock.

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Figure 27. Variation of the gold content at Satulinmäki, 3-D block model by using 2x2x2 m blocks > 0.2 g/t Au, view to the S (Koistinen et al. 2006). Grey vertical plates indicate the fault zones from Saalman (2007).

6.7 Ore mineral investigations Gold occurs at Satulinmäki as free grains between silicate and sulphide grains and as inclusion in sulphides. There also are small amounts of gold-rich minerals like aurostibite (AuSb2) and maldonite (Au2Bi). Plenty of coarse-grained free gold is observed in concentrates from DH391 and Trench-M2-S8 samples (Figs. 28 & 29), whereas samples from DH328-DH330 gold is mainly as inclusions or at the contact with arsenopyrite. This disparity likely is result of different way of processing the sulphide concentrates. In making concentrates DH328-DH330 free gold grains probably were destroyed during swing mill grinding, which was not used in DH391 and Trench-M2-S8 samples. Pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite are the most common ore minerals at Satulinmäki. Typically, there also is quite a lot of scheelite and chalcopyrite, some galena, native bismuth, and various Sb and Bi minerals, but Te minerals are rare. Perälä (2003) identified 22 different ore minerals from Satulinmäki (Table 1). Arsenopyrite is commonly euhedral and encloses much pyrrhotite and some chalcopyrite; in some cases there also are plenty of small, rounded rutile and a few euhedral ilmenite inclusions. Chalcopyrite is normally enclosed in pyrrhotite (Fig 30) or occurs as thin veinlets and patches. Because chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite occur commonly as inclusions in arsenopyrite they represent an earlier hydrothermal stage than arsenopyrite The gold within chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite which are enclosed by arsenopyrite, is older than any of these minerals (Fig. 30). Instead, gold inclusions in arsenopyrite may be younger, if they are exsolutions, when loellingite recrystallised to arsenopyrite. In concentrates there locally are little pieces of sulphides around gold grains

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(Fig. 31). It is not possible to say if they are remnants of the primary host mineral enclosing gold or if gold has crystallized later in between these sulphides. According to WDS analyses, the gold is pure, at fineness 943-990 (Perälä 2003). According to semi-quantitative EDS analyses there in places is 20-45 % Ag in gold.

Figure 28. A typical Satulinmäki subhedral gold grain (yellow) in sulphide concentrate from drill core DH391 70.00-71.00 m). Light grey minerals are aresenopyrite, darker grains are pyrrhotite.

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Table 1. Ore minerals identified from the Satulinmäki Au-deposit by Perälä (2003). Number of grains: ++++ = plenty, +++ = common, ++ = some grains, + = rare. Occurrence: dominantly as individual grains or as inclusions = s, only in composite grains = c; columns of WDS and EDS; analysis made +, or not available - . WDS analytical data are as appendix in Perälä (2003).

Mineral Number Occur- Grain size WDS EDS rence Arsenopyrite (FeAsS) ++++ S 0.2- 2 mm + +

Pyrrhotite (Fe1-0,83S) +++ C 1 mm + +

Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) ++ C 0,2-1,0 mm - +

Pyrite (FeS2) ++ s 0,2-1,0 mm + + Gold (Au) ++ c/s 3-14 µm, max 70 + + µm

Aurostibite (AuSb2) + s 2-10 µm + +

Maldonite (Au2Bi) + s 1-8 µm + + Antimon (Sb) ++ s 2-10 µm + + Gudmundite (FeSbS) ++ s 0,5-1,0 mm + -

Joseiite-b (Bi4Te2S) + s 10 µm + - Bismuth (Bi) ++ s 1-10 µm, max60 µm + + Jordanite-geokronite + c 1-5 µm - + (Pb14(As,Sb)6S23- Pb14(Sb,As)6S23) Ulmannite (NiSbS) + s ? - + Willyamite ((Co,Ni)SbS) + s 30*7 µm - + Breithauptite (NiSb) + s ? - + Klinosafrolite/safrolite + s 50*40 µm - + ((Co,Fe,Ni)As2)/ (Co,Fe)As2)

Tellurobismuth (Bi2Te3). + s <0,1 mm - +

Sillenite/vismite (Bi12SiO2O-Bi2O+ c <0,2 mm - + Galena (PbS) +++ s <0,5 mm - +

Scheeliitti (CaWO4) ++ s <0,3 mm - +

Magnetite(Fe3O4) + s <0,3 mm - +

Ilmenite (FeTiO3) ++ s <0,3 mm - +

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Figure 29. Satulinmäki gold grains (yellow) in sulphide concentrate of drill core DH391 54.00-55.00 m (slide number 6I). The light grey mineral is arsenopyrite.

Figure 30. A small subhedral gold grain as an inclusion in chalcopyrite enclosed by arsenopyrite, DH391 54.00-55.00 (slide 6II).

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Figure 31. A large gold grain rimmed by sulphides probably separated from the contact of pyrrhotite (right side) and arsenopyrite (left corner). The grey mineral on the lower edge is NiSbS-mineral (ullman- nite?). Sulphide concentrate from Trench M2 sample 8 (section 8I).

7 ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT

7.1 General description Satulinmäki claim is located in economic forest area. The place name refers to a hill, which rises 20 m from the surrounding cultivated area (Fig. 32). The area represents a typical southern- Finnish agricultural landscape mixed with forested environment. Gentle topographic changes exist also on the fields around Satulinmäki. On the northern side of Satulinmäki is small Luodes- suonoja river (or creek) flowing slowly to the west. The forest at Satulinmäki is old and dense growing spruce forest, which in places has recently been timbered and replanted. At present, it is seen as clear cutted sites being 200 – 300 m long and 100 m broad. Before planting the soil cover was broken by small pits, where the planted trees are growing. The vegetation of original forest is typical for damp spruce forest, growing mainly moss and blueberry and plenty of mushrooms. This is still seen in unharvested sites. Snow covers the ground during the winter months, usually between December and April. There are trails of forest engines on the ground and spoors of elk, goat, fox, hare and squirrels but there are no signs of the flying squirrel.

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There are no glaciofluvial formations and the thickness of glacial till at Satulinmäki is thin to form any significant aquifer as a groundwater reservoir. Furthermore, due to rather high content of arsenic, the subsurface water in many rock types of the bedrock is not suitable for drinking water (Table 3). Also the arsenic content of the till may locally be rather high (Table 3). The overburden in the surrounding of the Satulinmäki hill is mainly postglacial clay (see Fig. 6). The permanent settlement is located about 1 km from the gold mineralization. The closest farms are Haapamäki to the east and Rauhala to the north from the claim area (Fig. 32).

Figure 32. Topography of the Satulinmäki area. The Satulinmäki hill is in a watershed, from which surface waters (see blue coloured creek of Luodesuonoja in map) flow to the west. The Torronsuo National park (green area) is locating in upstream of the catchment.

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7.2 Protected areas Torronsuo national park is located 2 km east from the claim area (Fig. 31). Cultivated fields are separating the Torronsuo bog and the claim. The park is locating in upstream of the Luode- suonoja catchment. The claim is in watershed area, from which waters are discharging in down- stream of the creek.

7.3 Geochemistry of surface waters and glacial sediments (till) The Luodesuonoja creek runs through the claim on the northern side of the Satulinmäki hill. The water of the creek is dark brown being rich in clay and humus particles. This report does not contain any analysis of water sample from the creek itself. It is here proposed that surface water geochemistry of the study area and the creek is close to the average composition of stream waters in the region. Regional data is taken from the Geochemical Atlas of Finland and presented in Table 2 (Lahermo et al. 1996). Compared with the mean composition of surface waters in Finland, the waters in the Satulinmäki area have anomalous concentrations of As, Cu, Zn and sulphate. Respectively, the geochemistry of the postglacial stream sediments area is here depicted with the regional data of the Satulinmäki area from the Geochemical Atlas (Table 3). The concentrations of base metals and As in the Satulinmäki area are somewhat higher than their mean concentrations in whole Finland (Table 3). Mean and maximum concentrations of essential elements in the till from the Satulinmäki area are presented in Table 4. Till data is based on 470 drill core samples (basal till) taken in the area between kkj x-coordinates 6730.000 and 6750.000 and kkj y-coordinates 2460.00 and 2480.000 (see Fig. 7). The ICP analysis in Table 4 were made from aqua regia leached fine till fractions (grain size <0.06 mm). Abnormal concentrations of Sb, Te, As, Cu and S are characteristics for till fines compared with the mean values in whole region. Bedrock samples from the mineralised zone showed anomalous As and Sb concentrations. In host rocks (felsic volcanics) the concentrations are tenth or even lower.

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Table 2. The composition of the stream water sediments in the adjacent area of Satulinmäki and in general in Finland according to Lahermo et al. (1996)

Element Stream water range Stream water in Satulinmaki area mean in Finland As µg/ l 0.87 - 1.19 0.36 Cd µg/ l <0.02 <0.02 Co µg/ l 0.13 - 0.24 0.17 Cr µg/ l 0.40 - 0.63 0.50 Cu µg/ l 1.71 - 2.28 0.64 Hg µg/ l 0.055-0.06 0.00 N I µg/ l 0.50 - 1.27 0.52 Zn µg/ l 4.6 - 6.1 3.60 2- SO4 µg/ l 7.2-11.0 7.70 PH 6.1-6.3 5.82

Table 3. The composition of the stream sediments in the adjacent area of Satulinmäki and in general in Finland according to Lahermo et al. (1996)

Element Organic stream sediment Organic stream sediment range in Satulinmäki area mean in Finland As mg/ kg 8.25 - >9.26 4.40 Cd mg/ kg 0.24-0.28 0.23 Co mg/ kg 17.1 - 21.4 13.20 Cr mg/kg 43.4 - 52.1 34.60 Cu mg/kg 25.2-27.1 15.10 Hg mg/ kg 0.00 0.05 Ni mg/ kg 22.3-25.6 17.20 S mg/ kg < 765 1726.00 Zn mg/ kg 93.8 – 110 56.10

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Table 4. The composition of till and bedrock samples in the Satulinmäki area. Till samples are taken between coordinates x=6730-6750 and y=2460-2480, n= number of samples Values for regional data (1 per 4 km2) from Timo Tarvainen (personal comm.) Till Till Till Till Mineralised Felsic volcanic regional Regional mean in Satu- maximum bedrock rock (AVP-00- sub- 1 per 4 km2 linmäki regi- in Satulin- (AVP-00-82) 33.3) in Perälä province F Salminen on (Kärkkäi- mäki region in Perälä (2003) in Kojonen (1995) nen et al. (2003) (1992) N=100 2005) n=470

As mg/kg 4.1 18.6 14.9 153 20 700 214 Cd mg/kg n.d. - <1 1.3 99 <1 Co mg/ kg 13 9.0 14 150 16 9 Cr mg/kg 42 21.8 30 162 74 62 Cu mg/kg 18 43.4 56 773 10 70 Ni mg/ kg 15 15.9 18 82 24 12 S mg/ kg 190 - 324 18000 38 38 Zn mg/ kg 55 34.5 52 270 38 38 Sb mg/kgl n.d. - 104 2960 26900 1830 Te mg/ kg n.d. 45 20 350 128 44

8 DISCUSSION The Satulinmäki deposit is an orogenic gold deposit because it is controlled by deformation structures, shear zones and multiple phase quartz veins. As related to sulphides, gold occurs both as free grains between sulphides and silicates and as inclusions in sulphides. The former type of occurrence could mean that the gold is crystallised later than major sulphide minerals. However, based on high purity of the free gold grains, more likely they are recrystallized after a minor re- mobilisation in a late evolution stage. Gold has began to crystallise in an early hydrothermal stage, because it in some cases occurs as inclusions in chalcopyrite, which itself is enclosed by pyrrhotite or arsenopyrite (Fig. 30). In addition to gold, tourmaline and pyrrhotite has recrystallized in several stages, the latest one as brecciating quartz veins. Most of pyrrhotite is non- magnetic but part of it is strongly magnetic. Perälä (2003) has discussed on the hydrothermal conditions during mineralisation at Satulin- mäki. During crystallisation of arsenopyrite the temperature has been something between 320 and 540o C according to the composition of pyrrhotite and coexisting arsenopyrite. Temperature has been lower earlier, during crystallisation of aurostibite (AuSb2), because its occurrence is restricted to below 360o C. There also is early stage maldonite (AuBi2), which is stable between 113 – 371o C. This likely represents the temperature range of the gold precipitation. At Satulinmäki, maldonite is partly recrystallized to metallic Bi and Au during regional metamorphism. Based on Au, Bi and Bi mineral parageneses

Satulinmäki gold prospect 41 M19/2024/2006/1/10

and the abundance of pyrrhotite as compared to pyrite, the hydrothermal system during mineralization was reducing and the fugacity of sulphur low.

The deformation style at Satulinmäki refers to a prolonged and complex tectonic period, D2-x - D3-x by Saalman (2007). According to Saalman (2007) mineralisation of gold has likely occurred in several stages, at least by reactivation of early phases. Shearing and widespread alteration of the rocks, abundance of tourmaline, arsenopyrite and sulphidation together with the various quartz vein sets are related to a series of hydrothermal stages. Gold is relatively weakly enriched in the arsenopyrite-rich outcrops in the southern slope of the hill, where the highest gold grades are 0.3 – 2 g/t. The first really significant gold grades at Satulinmäki were detected in drill core, and they showed that the correlation of gold and arsenic is not very good. Gold is found in several sub-zones or zones. The main mineralised ore body is called as zone A (Fig. 25). It is NE-SW oriented, steeply dipping and hosted by sheared intermediate volcanic rocks. The highest gold grade per one metre is 32 g/t, and the most extensive ore-grade section detected is 22 m @ 3.6 g/t Au, in DH391. There have been problems in following the trends of the other gold-rich zones, e.g. zones B, C, D in Fig. 25, at Satulinmäki. The drilling direction has been to the north and in some cases to the south or north-west. It seems, however, that the major trend for most of the gold-enriched zones is NE-SW and, thus, more information could be achieved by changing the drilling direction to NW or SE. At least four gold zones or shoots has been found at Satulinmäki. There is potential to find more gold-rich rock from these zones and of such zones to the NW, N, SE and SW of the area so far drilled and also below the known mineralized sections. Analysing those parts of the core that have not yet been analysed, more drilling by using new 3-D models and structural interpretations likely give easily more resources. Satulinmäki is a target with a high potential to an economic gold deposit. According to GTK’s recent studies, the western part of the Häme Belt is gold-critical area. So far, there has only been local-scale exploration projects in the area. VMS-type deposits and gold have been explored around Tupala zinc deposit at Somero, Kiipu zinc deposit at Jokioinen and Liesjärvi gold occurrence at Forssa (see Fig. 5 and FINZINC and FINGOLD data bases in GTK’s www-pages). Geochemical surveys have recently carried out in a large region in the Häme Belt, north from Satulinmäki. These studies have shown several gold and pathfinder element anomalies from new localities in the Forssa area, 10-20 km N from Satulinmäki. Structural studies (Ojala 2003, Saalman 2006, 2007) indicate several fault and shear zones in the Somero area. This means a high orogenic gold potential for the region. Satulinmäki itself is in the intersection of three major tectonic zones (Fig. 33). There also is another one known gold occurrence, Riukka, and several gold showings in the area. Riukka is 3 km SE from Satulinmäki, and best section there is 1 m @ 35.5 g/t Au (R353). Exploration at Riukka is going on at least for 2007 by GTK.

Satulinmäki gold prospect 42 M19/2024/2006/1/10

Figure 33. Shaded relief digital elevation model of the Satulinmäki environs. The main topographic trends marked as yellow dotted lines (Ojala 2003).

9 REFERENCES

Alviola, Reijo 1993. Tutkimustyöselostus Tammelan kunnassa, valtausalueella Kietyönmäki 1, kaiv.rek. N:o 3991/1, suoritetuista teollisuusmineraalitutkimuksista. 7 s., 6 l. Geologian tutkimuskeskus, arkistoraportti, M06/2024/-93/1/85.

Eilu, P., 1999. FINGOLD - a public database on gold deposits in Finland. Tiivistelmä: FINGOLD - julkinen tietokanta Suomen kultaesiintymistä. Geological Survey of Finland, research Report 146, 224 p (in Finnish).

Haga, I., 1984. Kaivoslain 19 pyk. Mukainen tutkimustyöselostus: Somero Satulinmäki. Outokumpu Oy, report 08D/202406/IEH/1984.

Hakkarainen, Gerhard 1994. Geology and geochemistry of the Hämeenlinna-Somero Volcanic Belt, southwestern Finland : a Paleoproterozoic island arc. In: Nironen, M. & Kähkönen, Y. (eds.) Geochemistry of Proterozoic supracrustal rocks in Finland. IGCP Project 179 Stratigraphic methods as applied to the Proterozoic record and IGCP Project 217 Proterozoic geochemistry. Geological Survey of Finland. Special Paper 19, 85-100.

Satulinmäki gold prospect 43 M19/2024/2006/1/10

Jokinen, T., 2006. Somero Satulinmäen geofysikaaliset mittaukset. GTK report Q19/202406/2006/1.

Koistinen, E. & Kärkkäinen, N., 2006. 3D Modelling and mineral resource assessment of the Satulinmäki gold deposit. GTK report CM19/2024/2006/2/10.

Koljonen, Tapio (ed.) 1992. Suomen geokemian atlas. Osa 2 : Moreeni = The Geochemical Atlas of Finland. Part 2 : Till. Geologcal Survey of Finalnd 218 p. + 9 app. maps.

Kähkönen, Y., 2005. Svecofennian suprakrustal rocks. In M Lehtinen, PA Nurmi and OT Rämö (eds) Precambrian Geology of Finland. Developments in Precambrian Geology 14. Elsevier, 343-405. Kärkkäinen, N. & Koistinen, E., 2006. Someron Satulinmäen kultaesiintymän kairausprofiilit. GTK report CM18/2024/2006/2/10.

Kärkkäinen, N. & Hakala, P. 2006. Satulinmäen malmimineralogia. GTK unpublish report CM19/2024/2006/3/10.

Kärkkäinen, N., Huhta, P., Tiainen, M. & Vuori, S., 2005. Geokemian käyttö kullan etsinnässä Etelä-Suomessa. Vuorimiesyhdistys-Bergmannaföreningen r.y., vol 83, Ser B, p. 59-64.

Kärkkäinen, N. & Lehto, T. & Tiainen, M. & Jokinen, T. & Nironen, M. & Peltonen, P. & Valli, T. 2003. Etelä- ja Länsi-Suomen kaarikompleksi, kullan ja nikkelin etsintä vuosina 1998-2002. Hanke 2108000-Vaihe I loppuraportti. GTK report M 19/21, 12/2003/1/10, 118 p.

Lahermo,P., Väänänen, P., Tarvainen, T. & Salminen, R., 1996. Geochemical Atlas Of Finland, Part 3: Environmental geochemistry – stream waters and sediments. Geological Survey of Finland, 149 p.

Mertanen, S., 2006. Paleomagneettisten testinäytteiden mittaukset 2006. GTK report Q29.1/2006/1, 12 p.

Mäkelä, Kaarlo 1980. Geochemistry and origin of Haveri and Kiipu, Proterozoic strata-bound volcanogenic gold-copper and zinc mineralizations from southwestern Finland. Geological Survey of Finland. Bulletin 310. 79 p.

Mäkelä, Ulla 1989. Geological and geochemical environments of Precambrian sulphide deposits in southwestern Finland. Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae. Series A. III. Geologica - Geographica 151. 102 p.

Nironen, Mikko 2006. Kallioperäkartoituksen jatkokurssi Forssassa 11.-22.5.2003. GTK report K 21.42/2006/5.

Ojala, J., 2004. Satulinmäki Au prospect structural mapping.. GTK unpublished report CM19/2024/2004/1/10, 12 p.

Satulinmäki gold prospect 44 M19/2024/2006/1/10

Perälä, A., 2003. Someron Satulinmäen Au-esiintymän geologia, geokemia ja mineralogia. Master Thesis, Oulu University, 81 p.

Saalman, K., 2007. (in press) Structural control on gold mineralisation in the Satulinmäki and Riukka prospects, Häme Belt, southern Finland.

Saalman, K. & Elminen, T. , 2006. 40Ar/39Ar dating of Svecofennian minralization episodes and late- to post-Svecofennian shearing in southern Finland. GTK report K/21.42/2006.1.

Salminen, Reijo (ed.) 1995. Alueellinen geokemiallinen kartoitus Suomessa 1982-1994. Summary: Regional geochemical mapping in Finland in 1982-1994. Geologcal Survey of Finland, Research Report 130, 47 p. + 24 app. maps.

Vanhala, H., 2006. IP-luotaus Someron Satulinmäen kulta-aiheella. GTK report Q18.4/2006/1. 14 p.

10 APPENDICES

1) Chemical analyses from the GTK chemical laboratory 2) Drilling 3) Detailed map of the trench M1, Satulinmäki 4) Detailed map of the trench M2, Satulinmäki 5) Detailed map of the trench M3, Satulinmäki

IN PAPER COPY ONLY Please find attached CD-ROM that contains following folders and subfolders that contain all the available data. 1) Drilling data 2) Analytical data 3) Geophysical ground survey data 4) Reports 5) Other data

Appendix 1

Chemical analyses from the GTK chemical laboratory

LAB CODE Drill holes number method drilling 75439 326,327,328,329 522U 74187 330,331,332,333,334 522U 75459 334,335,336,339 705P,511P 75460 338,340 705P,511P 75458 341,342,343 705P,511P 75451 344,345,346,347 705P,511P 75455 lisa-anal. 328,330 705P,511P 75450 330jatko, 336,lisa-anal. 326,327, KRK-01 82 ICP-AES,Au 25 g 86879 included 75746 DH367-381, Riukka2, Satulinmäki 321 705P,511P 87021 DH382-386 267 86809 DH387-398 279 + 80698 87117 DH413-415 180 705P 87037 DH416-424 377 705P 87038 DH425-431 251 705P

other material 70735 AVP-001-1-29; Rehula, Murronkulma, hand specimens 25 70822 AVP-00-30-70; KRK-00-16-19,hand specimens 50 ICP-AES,GFAAS (20g) 75583 AVP-00-33-84, KRK-00-14-58,hand specimens 57 ICP-AES,GFAAS (20g) 75610 hand specimens 49 XRF, ICP-MS 75452 AVP/JA-2002 -hand specimens (mineralized) 142 XRF,512p,704P 86801 hand specimens /students 2003 (mineralised) 43 705P,511P 86802 hand specimens /students 2004 (rock types) 265 520U,510P

Appendix 2 Drilling

map year DH X_koord y_koord z_koord azimuth dip length place contractor lab.code number grinding Au_method else 2024 2001 326 6737448.500 2470847.800 110.4 360 44 100.70 Satulinmaki GTK 75439 40 40 522U 511P 2024 2001 327 6737507.018 2470864.728 114.1 5 46 45.70 Satulinmaki GTK 75439,75450 59 40 522U,705P 511P 2024 2001 328 6737480.381 2470700.637 106.5 360 47 67.30 Satulinmaki GTK 75439,75455 59 40 522U,705P 511P 2024 2001 329 6737548.728 2470826.624 117.5 180 45 42.30 Satulinmaki GTK 75439,75455 35 40 522U,705P 511P 2024 2001 330 6737543.889 2470896.614 120.3 360 45 81.50 Satulinmaki GTK 75439,75455,7417 77 40 522U,705P 511P 2024 2001 331 6737580.136 2470997.128 122.5 360 40 72.70 Satulinmaki GTK 74187 22 40 522U 511P 2024 2002 334 6737577.366 2470895.975 125.7 360 45 85.10 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75459 86 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 335 6737567.677 2470937.999 122.0 360 45 97.50 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75459 54 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 336 6737541.485 2470866.596 118.6 360 45 89.75 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75459,75450 61 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 337 6737560.857 2470867.020 124.4 360 90 40.15 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75459 17 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 338 6737589.333 2470866.392 126.2 180 45 90.00 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75460 61 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 339 6737582.479 2470866.330 126.3 360 45 68.30 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75459 36 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 340 6737564.553 2470826.492 120.3 180 45 81.20 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75460 47 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 341 6737588.873 2470772.887 122.4 180 45 125.00 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75458 63 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 342 6737404.052 2471012.005 118.0 360 45 57.20 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75458 23 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 343 6737567.586 2470575.191 102.3 360 45 80.20 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75458 31 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 344 6737596.336 2470577.390 105.4 360 45 80.90 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75451 45 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 345 6737551.802 2470702.240 115.3 180 45 92.90 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75451 69 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 346 6737550.237 2470702.501 115.3 360 45 34.40 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75451 15 40 705P 511P 2024 2002 347 6737639.143 2471918.929 107.3 360 45 104.50 Satulinmaki geokeskus 75451 35 40 705P 511P 2024 2003 379 6737406.740 2470970.672 0.0 360 45 84.70 Satulinmaki GTK 75476,86946,8697 50 705P 512Ma 2024 2003 380 6737402.391 2471035.478 0.0 360 45 108.50 Satulinmaki GTK 75476,86946,8698 50 705P 512Ma 2024 2003 381 6737446.984 2470972.637 0.0 360 45 100.70 Satulinmaki GTK 75476,86946,8697 50 705P 512Ma 2024 2003 382 6737585.456 2470913.719 124.2 360 45 98.10 Satulinmaki GTK 87021 267 50 705P 512Ma 2024 2003 383 6737607.125 2470914.832 123.9 360 45 77.60 Satulinmaki GTK 87021 50 705P 512Ma 2024 2003 384 6737607.466 2470867.863 124.9 360 45 79.50 Satulinmaki GTK 87021 50 705P 512Ma 2024 2003 385 6737560.894 2470826.471 119.1 360 45 82.50 Satulinmaki GTK 87021 50 705P 512Ma 2024 2003 386 6737596.087 2470827.244 124.0 360 45 81.00 Satulinmaki GTK 87021 50 705P 512Ma 2024 2004 387 6737508.997 2470825.007 112.6 360 45 81.70 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 279 40 705P

2024 2004 388 6737499.144 2470784.753 112.4 360 45 81.50 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 40 705P 2024 2004 389 6737540.915 2470785.441 115.7 360 45 83.70 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 40 705P 2024 2004 390 6737545.821 2470740.113 116.2 360 45 80.10 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 40 705P 2024 2004 391 6737514.977 2470739.967 113.3 360 45 81.70 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 40 705P 2024 2004 392 6737460.054 2470670.112 106.1 360 45 80.30 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 40 705P 2024 2004 393 6737494.944 2470668.737 107.0 360 45 79.60 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 40 705P 2024 2004 394 6737540.957 2470669.382 120.0 360 45 79.90 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 40 705P 2024 2004 395 6737531.430 2470592.273 103.9 360 45 73.40 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 40 705P 2024 2004 396 6737592.644 2470797.738 124.9 360 60 79.40 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 40 705P 2024 2004 397 6737630.259 2470997.584 124.8 360 45 81.30 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 40 705P 2024 2004 398 6737500.750 2471099.165 120.0 360 45 69.30 Satulinmaki GTK 86809,80698 40 705P 2024 2005 413 6737555.607 2470763.852 118.238 360 45 85.20 Satulinmaki GTK 87117 180 50 705P 2024 2005 414 6737526.987 2470762.870 113.339 360 45 93.00 Satulinmaki GTK 87117 50 705P 2024 2005 415 6737566.361 2470785.417 120.201 360 45 85.90 Satulinmaki GTK 87117 50 705P 2024 2005 416 6737535.535 2470720.196 117.746 360 45 80.00 Satulinmaki GTK 87037 377 50 705P 2024 2005 417 6737504.726 2470719.031 114.068 360 45 94.40 Satulinmaki GTK 87037 50 705P 2024 2005 418 6737496.957 2470701.499 116.220 360 45 101.75 Satulinmaki GTK 87117 50 705P 2024 2005 419 6737515.779 2470739.500 116.588 360 60 139.25 Satulinmaki GTK 87037 50 705P 2024 2005 420 6737544.759 2470897.181 120.429 360 60 129.60 Satulinmaki GTK 87037 50 705P 2024 2005 421 6737559.427 2470912.181 123.728 360 45 82.20 Satulinmaki GTK 87037 50 705P 2024 2005 422 6737581.114 2470866.253 127.282 360 60 100.30 Satulinmaki GTK 87037 50 705P 2024 2005 423 6737492.340 2470841.981 115.177 360 45 66.60 Satulinmaki GTK 87037 50 705P 2024 2005 424 6737468.000 2470784.000 110.0 360 45 37.15 Satulinmaki GTK 87037 50 705P 2024 2005 425 6737470.515 2470779.554 104.943 360 45 35.80 Satulinmaki GTK 87038 251 50 705P 2024 2005 426 6737489.374 2470687.839 117.387 360 45 34.75 Satulinmaki GTK 87038 50 705P 2024 2005 427 6737622.750 2470690.321 114.089 300 45 59.20 Satulinmaki GTK 87038 50 705P 2024 2005 428 6737605.529 2470692.924 115.908 300 45 79.30 Satulinmaki GTK 87038 50 705P 2024 2005 429 6737592.340 2470697.121 115.943 300 45 79.80 Satulinmaki GTK 87038 50 705P 2024 2005 430 6737467.000 2470841.981 110.0 360 45 59.00 Satulinmaki GTK 87038 50 705P 2024 2005 431 6737715.669 2471917.279 106.392 360 45 82.05 Satulinmaki GTK 87038 50 705P

Appendix 3 Detailed map of the trench M1, Satulinmäki

Appendix 4 Detailed map of the trench M2, Satulinmäki

Appendix 5 Detailed map of the trench M3, Satulinmäki