22 NEWS FROM llAS

s part of its mammoth Gandhian Perspectives Imperilled Earth. Prem Singh's project on Gandhi, paper showed how Lohia not only A designed to be carried out interprets Gandhi but uses this by a team of specialist Gandhi humanism of a special kind. Prof. Gandhiji rejected a technological understanding to applyGandhism scholars functioning within an T.K.N. Unnithan's paper addres­ society on the ground that it was to promote his own revolutionary integra ted inter-disciplinary sed the thorny issue of defining based on a denial of man's eternal goals. Lohia drew on Gandhian framework, the liAS organized a and identifying different types of spirituality, spirituality here resources to generate an Indian three-day seminar in New Delhi Gandhians, his taxonomy dividing defined in ethical terms as a project of socialism. Vir Bharat from 21-23 March 1996, focusing them into three groups- Gandhian framework for good life on earth. Talwar's Hindi presentation on the interpreters of Gandhi for a fundamentalists, Gandhianhypo­ He concluded that Gandhi, like offered a critique of Gandhian meaningful discussion of Gandhi~s crites and opportunists, and Buddha, Socrates, Christ, theory and praxis from a Dalit rich and complex personality and genuine Gandhians. Mohammed and Mill, showed perspective, by confronting them praxis. The moving spirits behind In a stimulating paper, A. how we can lead a simple, moral with Ambedkar's project, taking its structuring and operational Raguramraju attempted to identify life. Sucheta Mahajan used the as his point of departure D.R. agenda were Prof. T.N. Madan and Gandhi with what he termed the historical event of Gandhiji's Nagaraj's recent text on that theme, Dr. Ramachandra Guha. Instead Mahatma Paradigm, contrasting assassination in 1948 as a fable The Flaming Feet. Shekhar Pathak's of presenting a chronological this with the Swami paradigm, with·complex moral implications. Hindi presentation focused on the account of the seminar, this whose chief exemplar was Swami She saw a basic continuity between life and work of Sarla Behn as the summary report will focus on Vivekananda. In terms of 'the concluding episodes of the representative of a lesser-known themes and issues, using contemporary currents in Indian saga of independence and Gandhian stream. individual papers as a framework life, the Swamy paradigm partition' and our subsequent, In his oral presentation, Rama­ of reference. functioned as a pro-state and pro­ post-independence history. In an chandra Guha explored possibili­ The seminar was inaugurated nation force while the Mahatma interesting interpretative move, ties of understanding and inter­ by Dr. Guha in a brief oral paradigm upheld the non-state she linked the assassination to the preting Gandhi by examining the presentation, and the key-note social realities of Indian society. contemporary struggle between complicated interpersonal and paper was from Prof. Sibparayan Dharm Raj Yadav examined the the advocates of a Hindu polity ideological relationship between Ray, entitled, 'Gandhi, His Critics, role ofJayaprakash Narayan as a and rashtra on the one side, and Gandhiji and the British anthropo­ and Contemporary India: Prelude socio-political expositor of Gandhi. the votaries of a secular polity on logist Verrier Elwin, who had to a Re-appraisal'. The paper raised He gave a systematic account of the other. The former, in her view, chosen to go native. This exercise crucial issues regarding the J.P.'s version of Gandhism, not as continue the ideology that inspired broughtoutsomeofthe lirnitations Gandhian legacy in contemporary an ideology but as a 'way of life' the assassination. Makar and of a Gandhian perspective, India. While being unhesitatingly and as a 'good attitude of mind.' Paranjape's lively paper tried to especially on the question of sex. critical of Gandhiji from a He defined J.P.'s project as a situate the Gandhian project as a Prakash Sarangi and V. Bharathi modernist perspective as a synthesis of socialism and realistic project given his realistic in their joint paper, submitted but religiousrevivalistandfroma Dalit satyagraha. R.K. Gupta's paper appraisal that modernity is not presented, examined addres­ perspective as an uncritical tried to discuss the broad doomed to defeat in the Indian ses to the nation made by Indian adherent of traditional Hinduism, philosophical iss~e of how to context. If this is so, then we need Prime Ministers, from Nehru to Ray also drew attention to the determine the morality of means, people who can implement the Narasimha Rao. They concluded positive aspects of Gandhiji's and identified Gandhian discourse Gandhian project, and he defined that these public texts produced in historical role in the shaping of on ends and means as part of this them as 'neo-Gandhians.' To be a the context of political power­ modern India. After inviting us to effort. He contrasted the utilitarian neo-Gandhian, one need not be holding, make use of Gandhism in face up to the fact that post­ way of dete.rmining the morality bound by literal Gandhism. Rather its role as a symbol while rejecting Gandhian India has moved away of means with the Gandhian way. one should internalize the it as theory and ideology. In his from Gandhian ideas and ideals, Utilitarians make the morality of Gandhian values, make them a concluding remarks, T.N. Madan Ray tried to salvage a limited means depend on their effective­ structural component of oneself. pointed out that Gandhism cannot relevance for Gandhism in modern ness as producers of moral ends Sudhir Kumar's paper tried to be written off, and its continuing India. This relevance was largely whereas, for Gandhiji, means must offer a provisionally constructed relevance to India and the world exp1icated in terms of the be inherently moral. notion ofGandhi an aesthetics, and was abundantly demonstrated in Gandhian demands for moral In his sweeping paper on then tried tortuously to apply it to the course of the seminar. commitment, decentralization of Gandhi's understanding of human a specific modern Indian text in power, ecological harmony, and life, Kalicharan Rauta argued that English - M.G. Gandhi's The K. RAGHA VENDRA RAo

rof. Mohit Bhattacharya, be discussed in terms of depen­ Vice-Chancellor, Univer­ Theorizing the Urban dency /world-system categories. P sity of Burdwan, was a However, Prof. Bhattacharya visiting professor at liAS in April and around cities and towns. (v) world-system theoris.ts who suggested that this would be 1996. During his stay at the Broadly speaking, theorizing draw attention to the dominating simplistic, and argued that Institute, he gave three lectures on the urban has taken a few influence of world capitalism on urbanization in the Third World is the theory of urbanization. Prof. identifiable forms: (i) the ecological the formation and functioning of a far more complex phenomenon Bhattacharya began by explicating (urbanistic) school, (ii) structural cities. on account of its historical roots in the notion of urbanization as it has Marxists with the capitalist-city Prof. Bhattacharya also the pre-colonial period and due to been developed in contemporary thesis, (iii) statist theorists who addressed the difficult task of the complex interactive processes social theory and by drawing stress the autonomous role of state relating these theories to the involved in the determination of attention to the substantial corpus managers, (iv) dependency phenomenon of urbanization in urban forms and processes under of studies on the formation, theorists with their focus on the the third world. It can be argued colonialism. functions, spatial characteristics exploitative relation between the that the Third World, being a and socio-economic processes in metropolis and the periphery, and creation of the First World, should Summerhill NEWS FROM liAS 23

seminar on the life and The intention of the seminar, works of Saadat Hasan The Life and Works . therefore, was to invite A Manto was held at the Indian Institute of Advanced Study of Saadat Hasan Manto scholars to write serious on 21-23 May 1996. While it has comparative studies that generally been acknowledged that of lived actuality as a swindle, presented the first detailed paper on would place Manto within Manto was one of the finest writers persu ade himself to migrate to a single story by Manto. Making a the literary and political Lahore after 1947? complex analysis of '1919 Ki Ek of the Indian subcontinent, surpri­ currents of his time, paying singly, neither his life nor the vast Responding to the main outlines Baat', he contended that the main range of his writings h ave received of the seminar proposal, Gopi concern of the story was not with close attention to the the scrupulous critical attention they Chand Narang (Delhi University), the massacre at Jallianwalla Bagh, complex ethical impulses deserve. No one has, thus far, written in the opening paper,suggested that but with the holocaust after the that governed his works as a comprehensive biography of it was possible to discover, beneath partition. Bhisham Sahni, in his brief well as to the unique texture Manto which carefully and Manto's sardonic view oflife, a sense paper, argued that Manto's ofhis tales, essays and plays. discriminatingly locates him in a of profound compassion which at characterscouldn'tnegotiate the gulf historical period when one's times seemed almost Buddhist in its separating the world of reality and confidence in a trustworthy society nuances. During the discussion on theworldofmake-believe. Thatwas Tejwant S. Gill (Guru Nanak Dev of common decencies was shaken, the paper, O.P. Grewal, (Kuruk­ the special quality of his stories-but University) offered J. comparative and at the same time, attentively sh etra University), wondered if that was also, a t times, their analysis of the partition stories in there weren't some fundamental limitation. Devinder Issar (the Urdu Punjabi and Manto's stories. He also considers his readings and sources, II differences between Buddhist ethics w riter and critic) said that Manto's thought that Manto'swork could be his friendships and betrayals, his 1 religious and political presupposi­ and the social rage that characterized characters lived precarious lives, placed in the traditi~n of the great tions or his restless shifts from Delhi Manto's works. Defending G.C. which made them seem hard, callous prophet-poets ofPunjab. Asaduddin to Bombay and finally to Lahore. Narang's thesis, Varis Alvi and insensitive, although the stories Gamia-Millia Islamia) read a paper Further, his writings have still not . (University of Allahabad) and dealt with them sympathetically and which critically examined the been edited with the kind of Joginder Paul (a well-known Urdu presented them as people who existing translations of Manto's scrupulousness they deserve. writer), said that Manto's attempts deserved our continuous pity. Keki stories into English. Shamim Hanfi The intention of the seminar, -to be a witness to his times may Daruwalla (English poet) presented Gamia-Millialslamia)suggested that therefore, was to invite scholars to seem cynical to some, but were in a paper which was critical of Manto's Manto could well be read as a write serious comparative studies fact full of pity and kindness. The craft. Relying, as he admitted, visionary, whose insights into the that would place Manto within the second paper, by Harish Narang, entirely on the English translations social evils of his time were literary and political currents of his was on Manto's ideology, aesthetics of Manto's stories, he tried to show profound. In his paper, Ateequlla time, paying close attention to the and craft. Analysing stories like that they were often shoddy in their (Delhi University) suggested that complex ethical impulses that 'Boo', 'Khol do,' 'Toba Tek Singh' construction and sentimental in their more attention should be paid to the governed his works as well as to the and 'Kali Sh alwar,' he said that tone. variety of characters, locations and · unique texture of his tales, essays Manto's works should be read as Later in the day, VarisAlviread a circumstances of his stories. Ravi and plays. The seminar was critiques of a particular period in long and detailed paper analysing Kant (Delhi University) compared memorable in that it attracted critics our history. Mohammad Umar 'Babu Gopinath.' Refusing to make Manto's work on the partition to from Urdu, Hindi, Punjabi and Memon (Wisconsin University) read a distinction between Manto's 'Aadha Gaon', 'Aag ka Dariya', English literatures along with a wellargued and analytic paper on biographical and fictional worlds, 'Jhoota Such', etc., while Prem Singh scholars of history, social science Manto's play 'Is Manjdhar Mein' he insistently suggested that Manto (Delhi University) analysed Manto's and philosophy. During the six ('In this Maelstrom'). himself was a part of the story and stories about prostitutes. Prem Singh sessions h eld over three days, In the afternoon session, Abul that Babu Gopinath was in some said that what made Manto difficult twenty-two papers were presented Kalam Qasmi (Aligarh University) ways his alter ego. Mrs. Taranum to accept was that, unlike those who -twelve in English, six in Urdu and read a-paper on the art of Manto's Riaz (an Urdu short-story writer) sought to blame colonialism for all four in Hindi. Useful discussions on short stories, enumerating their read a paper on the social and our evils, Manto insisted on showing the papers were conducted, without special qualities by analysing a series psychological works of Manto and that the responsibility for the brutal 'any apology or anxiety, in each of of his texts. Later, Sukrita Paul drew attention to h is concern with treatment of women was entirely the three languages. Kumar (Delhi University), in her the politicsofKaslunir. Manto's craft ours. Prof. Mrinal Miri, Director of the paper, said that Manto's women was also the subject of Prof. N.S. In his concluding remarks, Gopi liAS, welcomed ·the participants to characters were not merely the Tasneem's(Ludhiana) paper, which Chand Narang said that, given the this first serious seminar on Manto's wretched and outcast creatures of a argued that Manto was a writer of a present politics of the subcontinent, workheldineitherlndiaorPakistan. patriarchal society. Manto's new kind of story in India. a seminar on Manto seem ed In his introductory address, Alok greatness lay in his ability to On the third day, Bhupinder inconceivable. Praising the Bhalla, the organizer of the seminar empathize with them and to present Parihar'spaperpointedoutManto's Institute's efforts, he hoped that and currently a Fellow at the them as living beings who had the limitations as a writer and critic. future scholars would build upon Institute, invited the participants to capacity to respond in a variety of Later, Abdul Bismillah Gamia-Millia the diverse range of insights consider, in detail and without complex ways to the demands of the Islamia) read a witty paper on a regarding Manto which had been prejudice, a series of intriguing world around them. Narendra letter by 'Pandit' Manto to Pandit offered during the seminar. During problems about Manto's life and Mohan (Delhi University) read an Nehru. Ironic in tone, this letter is a the seminar, there were late evening works-was Manto, for instance, not analysis of Manto 's partition stories, dialogue between 'two Kashmiris' sessions with the different novelists a moralist at heart? Was he not arguing that the partition continued about the fate of Kashmir after the and poets who were present. Keki painful, precisely because he did to torment Manto till the last days of partition. It is also a plea for Daruwalla and Som P. Ranch an read not suggest a religious, political or his life. Chaman Lal (Patiala sympathy. Later, Shashi Joshi their poems in English on the first ethical solution to misery? Why did University) also read a paper on (Nehru Memorial Museum and evening of the seminar. The a man like .him, who had spent all Manto and the partition. Library, New Delhi) compared following evening, Bhisham Sahni, his life condemning ideas that did During the opening session of Manto's literary vision with that of Joginder Paul, Taranum Riaz and not emerge from the sensuousness the second day, Alok Bhalla other writers on the partition. M.G. Vassanji read their stories.

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three-day National challenge of Shakespeare's idiom Seminar on 'Shakespeare Shakespeare in India and thought, while Jaysree A in India', sponsored by the Ramakrishnan focused on the Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Malayalam adaptations of was held at Dhvanyaloka in Mysore was primarily an attempt on the Particularly interesting were Shakespeare, and Chellappan's from29 to 31 March 1996. Organized part of one culture to come to terms papers by Harish Trivedi and paper shed light on the Tamil by Prof. D.A. Shankar, the seminar with another, and that it defined the Bhaben Barua. Trivedi chose a single Shakespeare. M.S. Pati's compara­ focused its attention on the form in which an alien culture could text, Romeo and Juliet, and a single tive inquiry contrasted attitudes and Shakespeare of Indian languages, enter the indigenous. Through an word from the play - 'love' - to values in Shakespeare and Kalidasa. on the 'home' these languages had original and insightful analysis of present the socio-cultural impli­ Sudhakar Marathe and A.G. Khan given him. The serni.nar attempted Srikantesha Gowda's adaptation of cations of translation. Referring to a approached Shakespeare through to explore the subtle ways in which Macbeth, Prataparudra Deva, he wide variety of texts ranging from theatre. Krishna Rayan and K. Shakespeare, the most prized showed how the changes - textural Shakespeare and the renaissance to Krishna Murthy discussed the ways possession of the Empire, had been as well as structural - had Kalidasa and Tagore, Bhaben Barua in which the rasa-dhvani theory could appropriated/ expropriated by strengthened the indigenous argued that Shakespeare had be used in an essentially Indian inter­ various writers and cultures in India, tradition by putting it in live touch entered Indian consciousness pretation of Shcikespeare. Ragini and how he - Shakespeare - in tum with new modes of feeling and through the narrative and not the Ramachandra analysed Macbeth had influenced and shaped their thought. Participants in the seminar dramatic mode. And, with from an Indian point of v1~w. creative impulses. included critics of international Shakespeare, he said, came a The pioneering value of the Inaugurating the seminar, Prof. repute such as S. Viswanathan, S. different ideal of the heroic and of Seminar resided in the ~act that it C.D. Narasimhaiah, the doyen of Nagarajan, Krishna Rayan, K. the Romance. projected an indubitably Indian English studies in India, described Krishna Murthy, Bhaben Barua, S. Ramaswamy's paper on the image of Shakespeare - a Shakes­ Shakespeare as the hiranyagarbha, Harish Trivedi, S. Ramaswamy, Sanskrit adaptation of Hamlet peare who had become a creative that primordial creative energy Annaiah Gowda, Chellapan and demonstrated how the translator part of India's age-old literary which precedes even creation and others. As many as eight languages reshaped the original material-here history. He had been transformed, subsequently becomes the caus~ of - Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, Oriya, Hamlet was not merely a person true; but he too had transformed all creation. Prof. Narasimhaiah Hindi, Malayalam, Sanskrit and with a philosophic bent of mind, but Indian writing. drew attention to the live presence Gujarati - were represented by bi­ a tattvanveshi, a prince among The Indian Institute of Advanced of Shakespeare in works like Raja lingual writers and scholars who philosophers. Sachidananda Study, as part of the seminar, Rao's Cat and Shakespeare. Delivering analysed the ways in which Mohanty described the ways in sponsored the production of Vigada the key-note address, Prof. D.A. Shakespeare had been received into which Oriya writers and translators Vikramaraya directed by Sinduvally Shankar suggested that translation their languages. had creatively responded to the new Ananthamurthy.

nder the auspices of the saw papers by Mr. Swaminathan Inter-University Centre Understanding China Today S.A. Aiyar, Dr. Srikant Kondapalli U for Humanities and Social · and Mr. Ravindra Sharma. While Sciences, a study week on Contem­ Mr. Aiyar analysed China's porary China was organized at the Maoism, nationalism, power theory, political ideology in the policies of economic scenario, Dr. Kondapalli' s Institute from 16 to 19 April 1996. and the status of China as a the communist party, especially in paper dealt with modernization in Attended by several major scholars developing country. 'The age of the post-Mao period. the People's Liberation Army. in Chinese studies, the study week grand models and theories is over', The problems raised by ethnic Providing a brief survey of Chinese addressed a number of significant he concluded, 'there has not been nationalism in China were the theme modernization in the last 150 years, issues that mark the changing profile and there cannot be "the" model, or of a paper by Dr. O.N. Mehrotra. Mr. Sharma argued that the of China, ranging from economic even "a" model; at best one can have After recalling details of ethnic country's backwardness was a reforms and political ideology to medium-range arguments.' Prof. composition in Chinese society and constant source of concern for ethnic nationalism and· defence P.L. Mehra's paper addressed the provisions in the Chinese Chinese leadership since the opium doctrine.- Prof. K.R Sharma, from controversy surrounding the constitution regarding minority war. Discussing the political history the Department of Chinese and selection of the new Panchan Lama, nationalities, the paper discussed of modernization, the paper sought Japanese Studies, Delhi University, and drew its implications for an ethnic problems in Xinjiang, Tibet to show how Marxism replaced the was the convenor of the study week. understanding of current Chinese and Inner Mongolia. Maj. Gen. idea of western democracy in the The study week began with Prof. policies. Prof. J.K. Ray, in his Dipankar Banerjee provided an May Fourth Era, and how Mrinal Miri, Director, Indian reassessment of China, focused on analysis of China's defence policies modernization supplanted radical . Institute of Advanced Study wel­ the tensions between theoretical in the Deng era, and argued that the Maoism in the post-Mao era. coming the participants, followed ideals and practical policy-making Taiwan Straits crisis in March 1996 The study week concluded on 19 by the key-note address by Prof. in contemporary China, and drew revealed the contradictions between April, with concluding comments KR. Sharma. In his address, Prof. attention to the implications of recent the doctrine of People's War under from Dr. K.P.S. Namboodiri from Sharma suggested that the central economic reforms for the power of Modem Conditions and the reality the Cabinet Secretariat, Dr. T.C.A. problem faced by Chinese stu<#es the bureaucracy and the party, for of China's current security concerns. Rangachari from the Ministry of was that of working out a labour law, and for potential social Dr. KN. Ramachandran presented External Affairs, Dr. K.R. Sharma meaningful and academically and political unrest. Mr. Janardhan a paper on 'China Towards The and Prof. Mrinal Miri. Suggesting convincing frame of reference to Sahu and Prof. V.C. Bhutani dealt Twenty-First Century'. Mr. L.L. that the papers and the discussion understand the changing realities of with issues of political ideology, the Mehrotra, former Indian diplomat in the study week provided a China. Prof. Sharma described the former exploring the notion . of to China, presented a review of profileof scholarship in the area, the limits of analyses of China based on 'socialism with Chinese characteris­ issues that merit active consideration speakers drew attention to the need models that take as their point of tics' and the latter the increasing in a study of contemporary China. for an enhanced understanding of departure Marxism-Leninism- dominance of national interests over The third day of the study week contemporary China for a variety of aims including policy-making. Summerhill NEWS FROM IIAS 25

r of. Suresh Chandra, for a free India were quite Former Senior Fellow of different from his strategies for P the Ind ian Council of Historiography of Civilizations an enslaved India. Although he Philosophical Research (ICPR), advocated peaceful co-existence delivered the ICPR National regardi!lg India's cultural reason to believe that the between peasants and landlords Lectures at the liAS in April1996. heritage and struggle for Harappans, Aryans and in pre-independent India, he did The lectures had as their theme, freedom. Dravidians belonged to three not hesitate in recommending 'the historiography of civiliza­ Prof. Chandra tried to establish different races, and that racial 'peasant violence' in free India. tions'. The lectures sought to the anteriority of the Indus wars took place in ancient India. Regarding the importance of the draw attention to a number of civilization to the Sumerian and Prof. Chandra further main­ American war of independence misconceptions prevalent in Egyptian civilizations on the tained that India was the first for India's freedom movement historical scholarship on ancient grounds that thelndusscripthas country of the world to give up highlighted by Toynbee, Prof. and modern India, especially in not yet been successfully nomadism and to evolve settled Chandra argued that although the work of western scholars. deciphered and that, geographi­ civilizations. The Indus civiliza­ the American freedom struggle Their claims regarding the birth cally, the Indus civilization was tion provided the necessary was temporally prior to all other of the first 'historical man' in vaster than the Sumerian and the stimulus for the establishment of modern struggles for liberty, it Europe, the earliest civilization Egyptian civilizations. The the Aryan a nd Dravidian was not at all causally responsible on the globe being the Sumerian Harappans were driven away civilizations in its neighbour­ for India's struggle for freedom. civilization, the origin of Indo­ from the Indus valley by the hood. The Indus Aryans of The peaceful, unarrh.ed and non­ European languages in eastern Aryans whose original home­ Punjab were responsible for the violent civil resistance did not Europe, and the original home­ land was, according to Prof. birth of Sanskrit and its spread to look to tha t experience for land of the Aryans being located Chandra, nowhere other than other countries. Hittite docu­ inspiration. Prof. Chandra also somewhere in Europe- all these Punjab. Prof. Chandra argued ments were the documents of criticized the characterization of can be seen, according to Prof. that the exodus of the Hara ppans Sanskrit-speaking Aryans and Gandhi by subaltern historians Chandra, as insta nces· of a to Mesopotamia or even their the language of these documents, as an elite leader who suppressed Eurocentric historiography. Prof. movement for business purposes Prof. Chandra suggested, was the wave of popular resistance Chandra's lectures made an to the new world exploded the Sanskrit expressed in cuneiform from peasants, industrial attempt to rectify some of these !UYth that the original homeland scrip t. workers and tribals against the misconceptions, especially in the of the Aryans and of the Sanskrit Coming to Gandhi and India's British. 'scissors-and -paste his torio­ lang uage was in Europe. freedom struggle, Prof. Chandra graphy' of Arnold Toynbee, According to him, there is no argued that Gandhi's strategies SUBRATA KUMAR A CHARYA

r. Makarand Paranjape beginnings in mid-nineteenth from the Department of century through the 'nationalist D Humanities and Social Towards a Poetics era' and the'modernistinterlude' Sciences, Indian Institute of of Indian English Novel to contemporary, post-modern Technology, New Delhi delive­ novels. After recalling the major red a series of three lectures at types of Indian English novel, liAS in July, outlining a n that moksha occupied a special 'imperial', he argued that Indian Dr. Paranjape presented a series approach towards formulating a position among the pu.rusharthas, English literature was best of brief assessments of the poetics of the Indian English and that a consideration of the understood as a site of sub­ contributions of major Indian novel. The lectures put forward other three pttrusharthasrevealed imperial cultural production. English novelists from Mulk Raj a series of conceptual tercets the cen trality of dharma. The Having provided a general Anand, Raja Rao and R.K. which, together, Dr. Paranjape 'dharmic approach' was seen as critique of the cultural politics of Narayan to Salman Rushdie, argued, would prov ide a having continuing relevance in the Indian English novel, Dr. Amitav Ghosh and Vikram Seth, · framework for understanding the modern age as well, Paranjape moved on to consider and suggested that Raja Rao and evaluating works of Indian providing a ground for under­ a set of three aesthetic catego­ could be considered the greatest English fiction. standing the relations between ries. Adapting Bhalchandra novelist in Indian English fiction. In his firs t lecture, Dr. works of art to morality. Nemade: s categories - kriti, The lectures genera ted Paranja pe tried to locate the novel Dr. Paranjape'ssecond lecture pratikriti and riti- Dr. Paranjape considerable discussion, with in the contextofindian 'narrative elaborated further tercets in suggested that a distinction responses focusing on the nature and civilizational traditions'. outlining a cultural critique of between realistic, fantastic and of tradition, the relations between Stressing the relations between the Indian English novel. Relying formalistic notions of the novel the sets of categories outlined in narratives and conceptions of on an und erstanding of the would be important for assessing the lectures, the notion of realism, moral life in the Indian tradition, politics of culture in the Indian Indian English fiction. the purpose of a poetics, and the he argued for the centrality of context in terms of deshi, marga, The third lecture shifted relations between aesthetic forms the pumsharthas in formulating and videshi, as well as through ground once again, to provide a and categories of moral life. a poetics for Indian narratives. their analogues such as historical survey of Indian Here, Dr. Paranjape suggested 'subaltern', 'sub-imperial' and English fiction from its colonial

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Forthcoming Events at the Indian Institute of Advanced Study

NATIONAL SEMINAR ON FIFTY YEARS OF RADHAKRISHNAN MEMORIAL INDEPENDENCE LECTURE, 1996 To mark the fiftieth year of India's independence from British colonial rule, the Institute is organizing a national seminar that The Radhakrishnan Memorial Lecture is an annual will focus on three aspects of freedom: freedom as concept, event organized by the Institute during the birth reality and value. What did freedom mean to those who were in week of Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. Prof. Simon the forefront of India's struggle for freedom? How has free India translated their ideas into practice? And what ought freedom to Blackburn, eminent philosopher from Oxford mean to us as a nation, as individuals, as communities, as we University, delivered the lecture in 1995. rapidly approach the next century? These are some of the This year's Radhakrishnan Memorial lecture will questions that the seminar will be centrally concerned with. be delivered by PRoF. RicHARD SoRABJI. The theme of The seminar will be held in the Indian Institute of Advanced the lecture will be: CAN RIGoRous PHILOSOP,..'-IY GIVE Study, Shimla from 24 to 26 September 1996. TRANQUILLITY? THE STOIC VIEW. Prof. Sorabji, currently a Fellow at WolfsorrCollege, Oxford, has previously taught at Cornell University and King's College, London. His publications include RESEARCH SEMINAR AND STUDY WEEK Animal Minds and Human Morals (1993), Matter, Space ON SOCIO-LINGUISTICS IN INDIA: andMotion(1988), Time,CreationandContinuum(1983) RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT and Aristotle on Memon; (1972). r Although the last two decades have seen considerable scholarly activity in the field of socio-linguistics in India, several crucial issues have not received adequate attention, and an ' unquestioning use of western concepts, models and frameworks has obstructed the emergence of a clear and complete picture of VISITING PROFESSORS the Indian socio-linguistic scenario. The seminar would seek to AUGUST-NOVEMBER 1996 contribute to a more meaningful understanding of socio-linguistic patterns in India by focusing on a set of specific themes, including language, education and literacy, language and intergroup • DR. EDWARD CRAIG will visit the Institute in August relations, language of politics and the politics of language, and 1996. He will deliver a series of three lectures on language and the crisis of translation and literary development. This study week, organized under the auspices of the Inter­ 'Hume's Religious Philosophy'. Dr. Craig, a University Centre by the Institute in collaboration with distinguished philosopher and a Fellow of Kurukshetra University, will be held in Kurukshetra University Churchill College, Cambridge, is currently the from 7 to 12 October 1996. chief editor of the Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. His publications include The Mind of God and the Works ofMan (1989) and Knowledge and the State of Nature (1991). NATIONAL SEMINAR ON DYNAMICS OF IDENTITY AND INTER-GROUP RELATIONS • PROF. MEENA ALEXANDER, Professor of English and IN NORTH-EAST INDIA Women's Studies at the Graduate Center ofHunter The ethnic groups and communities in the North-East, with the College, City University of New York, will be a assertion of ethnic, religious and linguistic identities and the visiting professor at the Institute in August­ conflicts centred around this assertion, present a challenge to September 1996. A creative writer of considerable social scientists as well as policy-makers and planners. The seminar aims to develop theoretical and methodological repute, Prof. Alexander is the author of River and frameworks to study the dynamics of identity and inter-group Bridge (poems, 1995), Nampally Road (novel, 1991) relations in the region. Questions of identity will be discussed in and Fault Lines (memoir, 1993). Her critical work the context of issues related to ethnicity, language and religion on romanticism includes Women in Romanticism: as well as of land and forest issues. ManJ Wollstonecraft, Dorothy Wordsworth and Mary The seminar will be held in the Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla from 12 to 14 November 1996. Shelly (1989).

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Seminars at the liAS by Fellows and Visiti_ng Scholars Summerhill 1 April- 20 July 1996 SPECIAL ISSUE ON 1. 14 April1996 Prof. N.S.S. Raman Interpretation and Translation FREEDOM 2. 9May 1996 Dr. Papiya Ghosh Mutahhidah Qaumiyat in Aqliat Bihar: The Summerhill is planning a special Imarat-i-Shariah in the 1940s issue for August 1997 on the 3. 6 June 1996 Prof. B. Lakshmi Bai Speaking with two Tongues occasion of the Fiftieth 4. 14 June 1996 Prof. K. Raghavendra Rao Imagining Unimaginable Communities: The Anniversary of India's Case of Modern Karnataka Independence. 5. 20 June 1996· Dr. Lawrence Cohen On Political Pornography The issue will contain 6. 25 June 1996 Dr. Ananta Kumar Giii Well-being of Institutions: Problematic Justice roundtables. interviews and and the Challenge of Transformation book reviews that focus on historical. cultUial and 7. 27 June 1996 Dr. Som P. Ranchan Aurotherapy for Depression philosophical dimensions of 8. 10 July 1996 Shri K.S. Dhillon Servility and Oppression: Twin Legacies of the freedom. Police in India All correspondence regarding 9. 11 July 1996 Dr. Udaya Kumar The Autobiographical Act: A PreliminanJ Note this issue should be addressed to on Texts and Practices the Editor. Summerhill. Indian 10. 18 July 1996 Prof. Akeel Bilgrami Liberation and Moral Psychology of Identity Institute of Advanced Study. 11. 19 July 1996 Prof. Carol Rovane From a Rational Point of View: The Bounds of Rashtrapati Nivas. Shimla - Agency 171005.

INDIAN INSTTIUTE OF ADVANCED STUDY Journal of the Inter-University Centre RASHTRAPATI NIVAS, SHIMLA -171005 for Humanities and Social Sciences ADVERTISEMENT NO. 4/96 STUDIES IN HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 1. Applications on prescribed form are invited for award of Fellowships for the General Editor : Mrinal Miri academic session commencing from April1, 1997 from scholars holding a Ph.D. Editor : Chetan Singh degree who have experience of independent research at advanced level, in the Vol. ill, No.1 following areas: K. RAGHA VENDRA RAo HUMANITIES: (i) Art and Aesthetics; (ii) Comparative Study of Literature; (iii) Religious Studies with emphasis on Comparative Studies; and (iv) Philosophy. Indian Patriotism: A Discourse on Nationalism from the Periphery SOCIAL SCIENCES: (i) Development Studies; (ii) Comparative Study of Political P.T. SAROJA SUNDARARAJAN Institutions; and (iii) Socio-Economic and Socio-Cultural Formation in Historical In the Shadows of Hegel: A Feminist Critique of Epistemology Perspective. G.C. NARANG NATURAL AND LIFE SClENCES: (i) State Politics on Science and Technology; Manto Reconsidered (ii)Science, Technology and Development; and (iii) Methodologies and Techniques. Published twice a year by the Inter-University Centre for Humanities and Social 2. A few Fellowships may be awarded for projects of exceptional interest even outside these areas and also to eminent scholars not necessarily possessing Sciences, Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla. research degrees. FOR SUBSCRIPTION, WRITE TO 3. About two-thirds of the Fellowships will be earmarked for those who are Central News Agency Pvt. Ltd. already working in Universities, Research Institutions or other responsible 23/90 Connaught Circus, New Delhi- 110 001 positions. Preference is given to those who have already done considerable work Phones: 344448, 344478, 344508 on their projects and wish to avail of the fa cilities at the liAS to complete their work. The Institute does not encourage studies which involve field work. DECLARATION 4. 6ne Fellowship will be earmarked for scholars belonging to Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes. The Institute encourages pursuit of research projects Title of the Newspaper Summerhill-liAS Review relating to the problems of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. Periodicity Bi-annual 5. The selection of Fellows will not be restricted to those who respond to this Name of the Publisher : N.K. Maini advertisement. The Institute has the discretion to select Fellows in other ways as Nationality : Indian well. Address Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 6. The details of the amount of Fellowship grant payable to Fellows will be Rashtrapati Nivas, Shimla supplied along with the application form. Name of the Printing Press Rajkamal Electric Press, B-35/9 where printing is conducted G. T. Karnal Road, !nell. Area, Delhi 7. The term of Fellowship ranges from three months to two years, depending Editor's Name : UdayaKumar upon the nature of the project. In exceptional cases, a Fellowship may be extended into the third year. Nationality Indian Address Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 8. Residence at the Institute is compulsory from April to November, and Rashtrapati Nivas, Shimla optional from December to March. All Fellows are provided free hard-furnished accommodation on the campus as well as secretarial assistance. I, N.K. Maini, son of Hem Raj Maini, declare that I am the printer and 9. The prescribed application form may be obtained from the Deputy Secretary publisher of newspaper entitled Summerhill-liAS Review and that the (Administration) of the Institute by sending a self addressed envelop (25 em x 10 particulars given above are true to the best of my knowled ge and belief. em) or personally from the Institute by August 31, 1996. The application form duly completed, should reach the Institute latest by September 15, 1996.ln the case of candidates living abroad, applications will be accepted upto September 30, Sd/­ 1996. Those in service should apply through proper channel. N.K. Maini

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Interrogating Post-Colonialism Theory, Text and Context Edited by Harish Trivedi and Meenakshi Mukherjee In recent years, perhaps no term of academic discourse has risen to ascendancy so quickly and comprehensively as 'post-colonialism'. It has become established as an area of literary study and as a set of reading practices both in the First World and in the Third World, supplanting and problematically extending the range of such older terms as 'commonwealth literature' and 'new literatures in English'. In this book, the nomenclature, nature, ideology, scope and applicability of 'post(-)colonialism' are interrogated in their many aspects and from a wide variety of approaches by twenty scholars from India, Australia, Canada and England. The first ten essays address several theoretical and general issues relating to post-colonialism. Ten other essays examine post-colonialism with specific reference to Indian texts 1 and contexts. Among the issues discussed are dominance, resistance, 'writing back', nation, history, migrancy, diaspora,languag!=:,location, gender and nativism. · These essays were first presented at an international conference organized in 1994 by the Indian Association for Commonwealth Literature and Language Studies with, and at, the Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla. Among others, the contributors include Harish Trivedi, Meenakshi Mukherjee, Richard Allen, KC. Bellippa, Bruce Bennett, Jasbir Jain, Arun P. Mukherjee and Makarand Paranjape. ISBN: 81-85952-33-7 viii + 252 pp. Rs. 300

Gandhi and the Present Global Crisis Edited by Ramashray Roy This collection of articles reflects on the relevance and contemporaneity of the life and thought of Mahatma Gandhi. His philosophy and praxis continue to inspire critics of the modern, technological civilization that we live in at present, while pointing a way out of the manifold crises, both national and international, of our times. Gandhi's importance to the debates in post-colonial societies is indubitable, but the force of his insights transcends national particularities and cultural specificities today. The volume brings together papers presented in a seminar on 'Gandhi and the Present Global Crisis' organized by the Institute in 1994. ISBN: 81-85952-34-5 xii + 161 pp. Rs. 200

Paradigms of Economic Development by Arun Ghosh The monograph traces the history of economic development theory from Adam Smith to the present day. Even though there is no dearth of compendia on development literature, the monograph presents a fresh view, explaining the context and the socio-economic background of different ideological positions, with a very careful selection of the main strands of thought on the subject. Written in a simple language, the monograph should be of interest not only to professional economists but also to all graduate students, as well as to the lay reader for whom divergent concepts have been demystified. It is likely to be of special interest to all those interested in issues pertaining to economi~ development and, therefore, to all policy-makers. Chapters on Wicksellian/Schumpeterian theories of development and of the rate of interest, on recent developments in international economic relations, on post-world war economic development experience of South Korea, Taiwan, China and India, and on the strategy likely to work in India sho~d be of special interest to policy-makers. ISBN: 81-85952-36-1 xii + 128 pp. Rs. 180

The Contention and The True Tragedy by Yashdip S. Bains In this analysis of a complex controversy in Shakespeare bibliography, Y.S. Bains argues that Shakespeare wrote The Contention and The Tnt.e Tragedy first, and later revised and changed them into the second and third parts of a trilogy about King Henry VI. He opposes the speculations put forward by Peter Alexander and other scholars who have adopted versions of the theory of memorial reconstruction without providing any evidence in support of their position. Instead of charges of nonsense and other flaws levelled against these two scripts, Bains suggests that The CotJtention and The True Tragedy are authentic texts from Shakespeare's early career in the theatre, and that multiple scripts give unusual insights into his evolution as a playwright. ISBN: 81-85952-32-9 x + 195 pp. Rs. 250

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