DOCSLIB.ORG

Indias-Democracies.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Indias-Democracies.Pdf India’s democracies ARILD ENGELSEN RUUD AND GEIR HEIERSTAD (EDS.) India’s democracies Diversity, Co-optation, Resistance Universitetsforlaget This book was first published in 2016 by Universitetsforlaget. The material in this publication is published as Open Access and is covered by copyright regu- lations and Creative Commons License CC-BY 4.0. The license Creative Commons License CC-BY 4.0 gives permission to copy, distribute and dis- seminate the work in any medium or format, and to freely adapt the material for any purpose, including commercial ones. The licensor cannot withdraw these freedoms as long as you respect the following license conditions. For such dissemination and adaptation, the following condi- tions apply: You must provide correct citations and a reference to the license, together with an indication of whether changes have been made. You can do this in any reasonable way as long as it cannot be construed that the licensor endorses you or your use of the work. You may not in any way prevent others from actions allowed by the license. This book is support by Universitetet i Oslos publiseringsfond. ISBN published edition: 978-82-15-02689-3 ISBN electronic PDF edition: 978-82-15-02688-6 Enquiries about this publication may be directed to [email protected] www.universitetsforlaget.no Typeset: Laboremus Sandefjord AS Contents PREFACE . 9 Arild Engelsen Ruud and Geir Heierstad 1 ON THE DIVERSITY OF INDIA’S DEMOCRACIES . 13 Arild Engelsen Ruud and Geir Heierstad A Heterogeneous Democracy … . 15 … Or Local Democracies . 18 Vernacularizations, the Making of Democracies . 20 This Book . 25 References . 28 2 DEMOCRATIC STRUGGLES IN THE ADIVASI HEARTLAND . 30 Towards a Relational Conception of Subaltern Political Cultures and State-Society Relations in India Alf Gunvald Nilsen Towards a Relational Conception of Subalternity . 30 Democratic Struggles in the Adivasi Heartland . 36 Challenging Everyday Tyranny . 39 Quelling Subaltern Resistance . 43 Opportunities and Constraints in Encounters with the Local State . 49 Conclusion . 50 References . 52 3 CANAL IRRIGATION AND THE LIMITS TO STATE AUTHORITY . 56 The Sardar Sarovar Project in Gujarat Guro Aandahl Collapsing Canals and Angry Farmers . 57 The Corruption Discourse and Its Effects . 62 ‘We are Not Social Workers’ . 65 The Challenge of Social Engineering . 70 Sanctions, Power, and the Role of Politics . 72 Construction Challenges due to Scale . 74 Bureaucratic Balancing . 75 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 6 ENGELSEN RUUD AND HEIERSTAD (EDS.) | INDIA’S DEMOCRACIES References . 77 4 PATRIMONIAL AND PROGRAMMATIC TALKING ABOUT DEMOCRACY IN A SOUTH INDIAN VILLAGE . 79 Pamela Price and Dusi Srinivas Patrimonial Wieldings of Power . 81 General Motivations for Voting . 82 Perceptions of Leadership Failure . 84 Patrimonial-democratic Conceptions . 85 Programmatic-democratic Conceptions . 89 Some Sources of Programmatic Thinking . 92 Patrimonial Conceptions and Political Economy . 93 Intensities of Patrimonial Emphasis in Political Conceptions . 95 Conclusion . 97 References . 99 5 MAMATA BANERJEE . 101 Redefining Female Leadership Kenneth Bo Nielsen Situating Female Political Leadership: Power, Kinship, Dynasties . 105 Female Leaders beyond Dynasties . 110 Mamata Banerjee’s Political Style and Career . 112 The Grassroots Activist . 117 Mamata as Durga and Didi . 123 Conclusion . 128 References . 130 6 FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND FEDERAL ACTORS IN THE INDIAN DEMOCRACY . 135 Geir Heierstad The Centre–State Relationship and Foreign Policy . 136 Security Politics After Colonialism . 137 Deepening of Democracy and a New Federalism . 140 A Nuclear Democracy . 142 Jammu & Kashmir: Unconstitutional and Democratic . 145 West Bengal: Villains, Voters and Water . 148 The Water Disagreement . 150 CONTENTS | 7 Democratization of Security Policy . 153 References . 155 7 SYMBOLIC ENGINEERING . 158 Advani’s Swarna Jayanti Rath Yatra Lars Tore Flåten Ram Rath Yatra . 160 Transitions . 163 The National Framework . 165 Dealing with Communism:West Bengal and Kerala . 168 Reaching Out to the South . 172 The Significance of Advani’s Yatra . 177 References . 180 8 A FINE BALANCE . 183 Censoring for Respect and Social Harmony Kathinka Frøystad The Public Sphere and the Search for an Unbiased Starting Point . 185 Caste Abuse and Respect . 190 Ethno-Religious Boundaries and Social Harmony . 197 Debating the Balance . 208 Conclusion . 214 References . 216 9 INDIA AND THE TWO FACES OF POLITICAL MOBILIZATION . 223 Sten Widmalm Understanding Democratic Development in India . 225 Mobilization for Indian Democracy . 231 Democratic and Anti-democratic Mobilization in India . 237 Conclusions . 245 References . 249 EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS . 252 8 ENGELSEN RUUD AND HEIERSTAD (EDS.) | INDIA’S DEMOCRACIES Preface ARILD ENGELSEN RUUD AND GEIR HEIERSTAD India is everywhere, not least in the Nordic region. She is in the news, at the table in many boardrooms, a regular guest in ministry discussions. India’s history, soci- ety and political culture are taught at universities. In a progressively multipolar world, no one can miss that India is a force not to forget. A force that we need to know. This international volume is an indirect result of the urge for knowledge about India in Scandinavia. But it’s a delayed result, as this volume should already have been published in India. As such, the book tells an increasingly familiar story of India. And the story goes like this: We had a signed contract, typeset files and an attractive jacket cover. We hoped the volume would engage debates about Indian experiences with democracy because these are both enchanting and captivating, and India is important to a more general debate about what democracy is and how it works. With this volume we looked forward to continue our numerous and rewarding dialogues with Indian colleagues and students, intellectuals and activists, South Asian scholars and the engaged public, friends and foes. But the prevailing political climate in India made our publisher jumpy. There were formulations in the text that could be construed as critical of the current gov- ernment. To quote from what he wrote us: There is no academic freedom in India today. And that’s why Amartya Sen has decided to pack his bag and quit the VCship of Nalanda University. If a Nobel Laureate cannot withstand the pressures being brought on him by the BJP-RSS combine, do you think I have chance? Look what they have done to the judici- ary in Gujarat. Practically every Police Officer who was implicated in 2002 riot cases or in cases involving Amit Shah and Modi has been granted bail by the Gujarat High Court and is strutting on the streets of Gujarat as though he was a free man. […] Look what they did to Wendy Doniger and her Indian pub- lishers. And what they have done only recently with the author Murugan. I am not one bit in favour of censorship, nor do I want to impose it. But prudence advises us to be cautious and keep a low profile so long as Modi is in power. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. 10 ENGELSEN RUUD AND HEIERSTAD (EDS.) | INDIA’S DEMOCRACIES In the end, our publisher would not risk publishing the book. The completion of our story, to publish it as an Open Access book, is our way of showing respect to academic publishers in today’s India. India is the foremost expression of democracy in the post-colonial world and an academic encounter with it carries the possibility of deepening our general under- standing of what democracy is and can and should be. At a basic level, democracy is, of course, a form of government based on elections. At a more advanced level it is about respect for variety, certain kinds of freedom, the rule of law, freedom of speech and other such ideals. In practice, democracy finds its form in constant negotiations and innovative adaptations to a range of political forces in more or less conservative or more or less radical societies, more or less divided or conflict- ridden or united societies. And in practice, democratic practice is also influenced by sets of vague and undefined ideals about what democracy should be – about just society, for instance, or equality. It is entangled in all these ideals and practices and tensions that democracy evolves. India is one of the great laboratories of this creative process – a laboratory that we, the contributors of this volume, involun- tarily became part.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Complete List of Books in Library Acc No Author Title of Book Subject Publisher Year R.No
    Complete List of Books in Library Acc No Author Title of book Subject Publisher Year R.No. 1 Satkari Mookerjee The Jaina Philosophy of PHIL Bharat Jaina Parisat 8/A1 Non-Absolutism 3 Swami Nikilananda Ramakrishna PER/BIO Rider & Co. 17/B2 4 Selwyn Gurney Champion Readings From World ECO `Watts & Co., London 14/B2 & Dorothy Short Religion 6 Bhupendra Datta Swami Vivekananda PER/BIO Nababharat Pub., 17/A3 Calcutta 7 H.D. Lewis The Principal Upanisads PHIL George Allen & Unwin 8/A1 14 Jawaherlal Nehru Buddhist Texts PHIL Bruno Cassirer 8/A1 15 Bhagwat Saran Women In Rgveda PHIL Nada Kishore & Bros., 8/A1 Benares. 15 Bhagwat Saran Upadhya Women in Rgveda LIT 9/B1 16 A.P. Karmarkar The Religions of India PHIL Mira Publishing Lonavla 8/A1 House 17 Shri Krishna Menon Atma-Darshan PHIL Sri Vidya Samiti 8/A1 Atmananda 20 Henri de Lubac S.J. Aspects of Budhism PHIL sheed & ward 8/A1 21 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad Bhagabatam PHIL Dhirendra Nath Bose 8/A2 22 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 Bhagabatam VolI 23 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 Bhagabatam Vo.l III 24 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad Bhagabatam PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 25 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 Bhagabatam Vol.V 26 Mahadev Desai The Gospel of Selfless G/REL Navijvan Press 14/B2 Action 28 Shankar Shankar's Children Art FIC/NOV Yamuna Shankar 2/A2 Number Volume 28 29 Nil The Adyar Library Bulletin LIT The Adyar Library and 9/B2 Research Centre 30 Fraser & Edwards Life And Teaching of PER/BIO Christian Literature 17/A3 Tukaram Society for India 40 Monier Williams Hinduism PHIL Susil Gupta (India) Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • Studying Emotions in South Asia
    South Asian History and Culture ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rsac20 Studying emotions in South Asia Margrit Pernau To cite this article: Margrit Pernau (2021) Studying emotions in South Asia, South Asian History and Culture, 12:2-3, 111-128, DOI: 10.1080/19472498.2021.1878788 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2021.1878788 © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Published online: 14 Feb 2021. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 1053 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rsac20 SOUTH ASIAN HISTORY AND CULTURE 2021, VOL. 12, NOS. 2–3, 111–128 https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2021.1878788 Studying emotions in South Asia Margrit Pernau Center for the History of Emotions, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany ABSTRACT Keywords Emotions are not a new comer in South Asian studies. Putting them centre Emotions; affects; theories of stage, however, allow for an increasing complexity and reflexivity in the emotions; methodology; categories we are researching: Instead of assuming that we already know South Asia what love, anger, or fear is and hence can use them to explain interactions and developments, the categories themselves have become open to inquiry. Emotions matter at three levels. They impact the way humans experience the world; they play an important role in the process through which individuals and social groups endow their experiences with mean­ ing; and they are important in providing the motivation to act in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Seeking Offense: Censorship and the Constitution of Democratic Politics in India
    SEEKING OFFENSE: CENSORSHIP AND THE CONSTITUTION OF DEMOCRATIC POLITICS IN INDIA A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Ameya Shivdas Balsekar August 2009 © 2009 Ameya Shivdas Balsekar SEEKING OFFENSE: CENSORSHIP AND THE CONSTITUTION OF DEMOCRATIC POLITICS IN INDIA Ameya Shivdas Balsekar, Ph. D. Cornell University 2009 Commentators have frequently suggested that India is going through an “age of intolerance” as writers, artists, filmmakers, scholars and journalists among others have been targeted by institutions of the state as well as political parties and interest groups for hurting the sentiments of some section of Indian society. However, this age of intolerance has coincided with a period that has also been characterized by the “deepening” of Indian democracy, as previously subordinated groups have begun to participate more actively and substantively in democratic politics. This project is an attempt to understand the reasons for the persistence of illiberalism in Indian politics, particularly as manifest in censorship practices. It argues that one of the reasons why censorship has persisted in India is that having the “right to censor” has come be established in the Indian constitutional order’s negotiation of multiculturalism as a symbol of a cultural group’s substantive political empowerment. This feature of the Indian constitutional order has made the strategy of “seeking offense” readily available to India’s politicians, who understand it to be an efficacious way to discredit their competitors’ claims of group representativeness within the context of democratic identity politics.
    [Show full text]
  • Growing Cleavages in India? Evidence from the Changing Structure of Electorates, 1962-2014
    WID.world WORKING PAPER N° 2019/05 Growing Cleavages in India? Evidence from the Changing Structure of Electorates, 1962-2014 Abhijit Banerjee Amory Gethin Thomas Piketty March 2019 Growing Cleavages in India? Evidence from the Changing Structure of Electorates, 1962-2014 Abhijit Banerjee, Amory Gethin, Thomas Piketty* January 16, 2019 Abstract This paper combines surveys, election results and social spending data to document the long-run evolution of political cleavages in India. From a dominant- party system featuring the Indian National Congress as the main actor of the mediation of political conflicts, Indian politics have gradually come to include a number of smaller regionalist parties and, more recently, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). These changes coincide with the rise of religious divisions and the persistence of strong caste-based cleavages, while education, income and occupation play little role (controlling for caste) in determining voters’ choices. We find no evidence that India’s new party system has been associated with changes in social policy. While BJP-led states are generally characterized by a smaller social sector, switching to a party representing upper castes or upper classes has no significant effect on social spending. We interpret this as evidence that voters seem to be less driven by straightforward economic interests than by sectarian interests and cultural priorities. In India, as in many Western democracies, political conflicts have become increasingly focused on identity and religious-ethnic conflicts
    [Show full text]
  • Bangladesh and Bangladesh-U.S. Relations
    Bangladesh and Bangladesh-U.S. Relations Updated October 17, 2017 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44094 Bangladesh and Bangladesh-U.S. Relations Summary Bangladesh (the former East Pakistan) is a Muslim-majority nation in South Asia, bordering India, Burma, and the Bay of Bengal. It is the world’s eighth most populous country with nearly 160 million people living in a land area about the size of Iowa. It is an economically poor nation, and it suffers from high levels of corruption. In recent years, its democratic system has faced an array of challenges, including political violence, weak governance, poverty, demographic and environmental strains, and Islamist militancy. The United States has a long-standing and supportive relationship with Bangladesh, and it views Bangladesh as a moderate voice in the Islamic world. In relations with Dhaka, Bangladesh’s capital, the U.S. government, along with Members of Congress, has focused on a range of issues, especially those relating to economic development, humanitarian concerns, labor rights, human rights, good governance, and counterterrorism. The Awami League (AL) and the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) dominate Bangladeshi politics. When in opposition, both parties have at times sought to regain control of the government through demonstrations, labor strikes, and transport blockades, as well as at the ballot box. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has been in office since 2009, and her AL party was reelected in January 2014 with an overwhelming majority in parliament—in part because the BNP, led by Khaleda Zia, boycotted the vote. The BNP has called for new elections, and in recent years, it has organized a series of blockades and strikes.
    [Show full text]
  • Participation of Women in the Freedom Struggle During the Gandhian Era: a Comparative Study Between Odisha and Andhra Pradesh
    Odisha Review August - 2013 Participation of Women in the Freedom Struggle during the Gandhian Era: A Comparative Study between Odisha and Andhra Pradesh A. Sobha Rani S.C. Padhy Participation of women in the freedom struggle Role of Odia women in the Freedom forms an important and interesting aspect of the Movement: The Non-Cooperation History of Modern India. It is of great significance Movement: because it brought mass participation for the Women were more enthusiastic and political independence of the country. On Gandhi’s active in the Non-Cooperation movement in call large number of women joined the National Odisha. During his visit to Odisha, Gandhiji Congress and acted upon the advice by attended a meeting at Binod Behari. It was participating in the Movement. Gandhi opined that attended by forty women. Gandhi made a direct women were most suited to fight with the new 1 appeal to Odia women to join in the Non- weapons of non-violence and truth. When we 2 go through the history of freedom movement we Cooperation Movement. His speech had so see that his faith in women was true. They lived much inspired the Odia women present there that up to his expectation by actively participating in in response to his appeal many of them had the Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil donated their golden ornaments to the Swaraj Disobedience Movement and the Quit India Fund for freedom struggle. It may be worthwhile Movement. to note that after the speech many Oriya women had decided to join the national movement. One In the present study the two states of of them was Ramadevi, the wife of Gopabandhu Odisha and Andhra Pradesh are taken into Choudhury.
    [Show full text]
  • A Case Study on Mobilizing Demand for HIV Prevention for Women PATH Is an International Nonprofit Organization That Transforms Global Health Through Innovation
    IN OUR OWN HANDS: A case study on mobilizing demand for HIV prevention for women PATH is an international nonprofit organization that transforms global health through innovation. We take an entrepreneurial approach to developing and delivering high-impact, low-cost solutions, from lifesaving vaccines, drugs, diagnostics, and devices to collaborative programs with communities. Through our work in more than 70 countries, PATH and our partners empower people to achieve their full potential. For more information, please visit www.path.org. 455 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20001 [email protected] www.path.org Copyright © 2013, Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH). All rights reserved. Cover photo: Frank Herholdt/Microbicides Development Programme IN OUR OWN HANDS: A case study on mobilizing demand for HIV prevention for women By Anna Forbes, Samukeliso Dube, Megan Gottemoeller, Pauline Irungu, Bindiya Patel, Ananthy Thambinayagam, Rebekah Webb, and Katie West Slevin The authors would like to thank the staff of the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College for their invaluable assistance. As the oldest US collection of women’s history manuscripts and archives, the Collection now houses the Global Campaign for Microbicides (GCM) files. The authors would also like to acknowledge all the funders whose support made GCM’s work possible. Most of all, we would like to thank the thousands of women and men who endorsed, supported, and partnered with GCM in doing this work and who are carrying it forward in other ways
    [Show full text]
  • Syllabus HISTORY (UG Course) Admitted Batch 2008 - 2009
    Syllabus HISTORY (UG Course) Admitted Batch 2008 - 2009 May 2008 A.P. State Council of Higher Education SUBJECT COMMITTEE 1. Prof. A Bobbili Coordinator Kakatiya University 2. Prof A. Satyanarayana Osmania University 3. Prof M. Krishna Kumari Andhra University 4. Prof K. Reddappa Sri Venkateswara University 5. Prof (Mrs) P Hymavathi Acharya Nagarjuna University 6. Prof P Ramalakshmi Acharya Nagarjuna University 7. Prof K. Krishna Naik Sri Krishnadevaraya University 8. Dr R. Prasada Reddy Silver Jubilee Govt. College Kurnool 9. Dr G Sambasiva Reddy Govt. Degree College, Badvel, Kadapa Dist. B.A. Course (Structure) First year: S.No. Subject Hrs per Week 1. English language including communication 6 skills 2. Second language 4 3. Core l-1 6 4. Core 2-1 6 5. Core 3-1 6 6. Foundation course 3 7. Computer Skills 2 Total 33 Second year: S.No. Subject Hrs per week 1. English language including communication 6 skills 2. Second language 4 3. Core 1-II 6 4. Core 2-II 6 5. Core 3-II 6 6. Environmental studies 4 7. Computer skills 2 Total 34 Third year: S.No. Subject Hrs per week 1. Core 1-III 5 2. Core 1 – IV 5 3. Core 2 – III 5 4. Core 2 – IV 5 5. Core 3-III 5 6. Core 3 – IV 5 7. Foundation course 3 Total 33 ANDHRA UNIVERSITY HISTORY SYLLABUS ADMITTED BATCH 2008-09 B.A. History New Curriculum Paper – I History and culture of Indian up to AD 1526 Paper Unit I: Influence of Geography on History – Survey of the Sources – pre-historic period Paleolithic.
    [Show full text]
  • August 19, 2021 Dear President and Esteemed University Administrators
    August 19, 2021 Dear President and esteemed university administrators, We write to you to express our serious concern regarding an event to be held September 10-12, 2021, entitled “Dismantling Global Hindutva” (DGH). This event is being promoted as co-sponsored by your institution with your institution’s name and logo appearing on the DGH website, promotional materials, and social media posts. If this event is not endorsed by your institution, or if the logo is being utilized in contravention to university policy, we respectfully request that you: 1. ask the event organizers to remove your university’s name and logo from its website, promotional materials, and social media posts, 2. ensure the safety and wellbeing of Hindu students, faculty, and staff on your campus who may feel targeted, threatened, or face hostility or harassment as a result of this partisan, anti-Hindu event. The Hindu American Foundation (HAF) which we represent, wholeheartedly supports free speech and academic freedom as we are guided by the Hindu precepts of satya (truthfulness), vāda and saṃvāda (debate and discussion), and viveka (discernment). We ask that institutions of higher learning support the same and also privilege academic integrity by promoting open inquiry, encouraging a diversity of viewpoints, and modeling constructive disagreement. This event, however, is the antithesis of all of these values. The DGH organizers trade on the prestige of your institution’s name to host, not an academic conference, but a partisan event related to politics in India. The event platforms activists with extensive histories of amplifying Hinduphobic discourse even while denying the existence of Hinduphobia.
    [Show full text]
  • Standing Committee on Railways (2016-17) Sixteenth
    STANDING COMMITTEE ON RAILWAYS (2016-17) 16 SIXTEENTH LOK SABHA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS (RAILWAY BOARD) OUTSTANDING DUES FOR INDIAN RAILWAYS SIXTEENTH REPORT LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI August, 2017/ Shravana, 1939 (Saka) S.C.R. No.211 SIXTEENTH REPORT STANDING COMMITTEE ON RAILWAYS (2016-17) (SIXTEENTH LOK SABHA) MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS (RAILWAY BOARD) OUTSTANDING DUES FOR INDIAN RAILWAYS Presented to Lok Sabha on 10.08.2017 Laid in Rajya Sabha on 09.08.2017 LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI August, 2017/ Shravana, 1939 (Saka) CONTENTS PAGE Composition of the Committee (ii) Introduction (v) REPORT PART-I Introductory I Station Outstanding 1 II Outstanding Dues 4 III Empanelled Lawyers with Railways 10 IV Computer and Information Technology (CIT) 10 V Cash Office Disallowance 15 VI Alleged Irregularities in Transportation of Iron Ore 16 VII Audit Report on Dual Freight Policy for Transportation of Iron Ore 19 PART-II Recommendations/ Observations of the Committee 23 APPENDICES I Minutes of the sitting of the Standing Committee on Railways held on 34 16.12.2015 II Minutes of the sitting of the Standing Committee on Railways held on 37 29.11.2016 III Minutes of the sitting of the Standing Committee on Railways held on 40 04.08.2017 (i) Constituted on 01.09.2015 COMPOSITION OF STANDING COMMITTEE ON RAILWAYS (2015-16) Shri Dinesh Trivedi - Chairperson MEMBERS LOK SABHA 2. Shri E. Ahamed 3. Shri Kunwar Pushpendra Singh Chandel 4. Shri Ram Tahal Choudhary 5. Shri Sanjay Dhotre 6. Shri Gourav Gogoi 7. Vacant* 8. Shri Chandra Prakash Joshi 9. Shri Ramesh Kaushik 10.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introspection of Film Censorship in India
    Corpus Juris ISSN: 2582-2918 The Law Journal website: www.corpusjuris.co.in AN INTROSPECTION OF FILM CENSORSHIP IN INDIA -SUBARNO BANERJEE1 AND RITOJIT DASGUPTA2 ABSTRACT Cinema has been considered to be one of the most potent instrument of expression over a considerable amount of period. It is often considered to be a magnificent medium to communicate with people and impart knowledge and awareness. A traditional theatre system existed much before screen cinema could assert its authority in India and is said to have played a major role in nurturing emotions of freedom struggle through its plays in the pre-independence era. It was in 1913 India produced its first full-length feature film Raja Harishchandra. Cinema gradually became a powerful medium and went on to impact the lives of people, thoughts and even their political views. The medium has been witnessed to gain huge popularity and at present has become an integral part of common man’s leisure. Various statistics claim that India constitutes one of the largest film industries in the world in terms of number of films produced every year. Freedom of speech and expression is one of the most sacrosanct rights and is regarded as an integral concept in modern liberal democracies3. Society can develop only by free exchange of ideas4. However, since the drafting of the Constitution in 1947, freedom of speech and expression was considered controversial and received periodical dissent. According to Article 19(1) (a) of Part III of the Constitution of India, citizens shall have a right to freedom and expression. Films enjoy the same status and right so far as constitutional freedom relating to expression of ideas and spreading of ideas and messages are concerned but at the same time it places certain necessary restrictions on the content, with a view towards maintaining integrity of the state, public order, decency and morality and also communal and religious harmony, given the history of communal tension in the nation.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Successful Candidates
    11 - LIST OF SUCCESSFUL CANDIDATES CONSTITUENCY WINNER PARTY Andhra Pradesh 1 Nagarkurnool Dr. Manda Jagannath INC 2 Nalgonda Gutha Sukender Reddy INC 3 Bhongir Komatireddy Raj Gopal Reddy INC 4 Warangal Rajaiah Siricilla INC 5 Mahabubabad P. Balram INC 6 Khammam Nama Nageswara Rao TDP 7 Aruku Kishore Chandra Suryanarayana INC Deo Vyricherla 8 Srikakulam Killi Krupa Rani INC 9 Vizianagaram Jhansi Lakshmi Botcha INC 10 Visakhapatnam Daggubati Purandeswari INC 11 Anakapalli Sabbam Hari INC 12 Kakinada M.M.Pallamraju INC 13 Amalapuram G.V.Harsha Kumar INC 14 Rajahmundry Aruna Kumar Vundavalli INC 15 Narsapuram Bapiraju Kanumuru INC 16 Eluru Kavuri Sambasiva Rao INC 17 Machilipatnam Konakalla Narayana Rao TDP 18 Vijayawada Lagadapati Raja Gopal INC 19 Guntur Rayapati Sambasiva Rao INC 20 Narasaraopet Modugula Venugopala Reddy TDP 21 Bapatla Panabaka Lakshmi INC 22 Ongole Magunta Srinivasulu Reddy INC 23 Nandyal S.P.Y.Reddy INC 24 Kurnool Kotla Jaya Surya Prakash Reddy INC 25 Anantapur Anantha Venkata Rami Reddy INC 26 Hindupur Kristappa Nimmala TDP 27 Kadapa Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy INC 28 Nellore Mekapati Rajamohan Reddy INC 29 Tirupati Chinta Mohan INC 30 Rajampet Annayyagari Sai Prathap INC 31 Chittoor Naramalli Sivaprasad TDP 32 Adilabad Rathod Ramesh TDP 33 Peddapalle Dr.G.Vivekanand INC 34 Karimnagar Ponnam Prabhakar INC 35 Nizamabad Madhu Yaskhi Goud INC 36 Zahirabad Suresh Kumar Shetkar INC 37 Medak Vijaya Shanthi .M TRS 38 Malkajgiri Sarvey Sathyanarayana INC 39 Secundrabad Anjan Kumar Yadav M INC 40 Hyderabad Asaduddin Owaisi AIMIM 41 Chelvella Jaipal Reddy Sudini INC 1 GENERAL ELECTIONS,INDIA 2009 LIST OF SUCCESSFUL CANDIDATE CONSTITUENCY WINNER PARTY Andhra Pradesh 42 Mahbubnagar K.
    [Show full text]