UKTram Activity 3: Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mott MacDonald

Appendix As CJriginal Activity 3 Scope

This scope was included in the activity report for the workstream in September 2005.

ACTIVITY REPORT SEPT 2005

Activity Number 3(Phase 1)

Activity Name Highway Interface

Activity team Leader Andy Morris

Other Team Members Colin Robey(CENTRO)

Steve Hunt (Nottingham City Council)

David Skirrow (Sheffield Supertram)

Gerry Higgins(RPA)

Jim Snowdon (TCL)

Ian MacKenzie (Mott MacDonald)

Paul Robbins(Railway Systems Consulting)

Stephen Firth (Independent)

Description of Problem:

Concern exists in the industry as to whether there exists a satisfactory approach to safe and efficient provision of traffic and pedestrian management arrangements on tramways. Inconsistencies on many of the UK's operational tramways, with regard to the `signing and lining' issue, has given rise to an increasing worry that tramway promoters/operators have not yet established a common set of standards. There are worries that client organisations have yet to properly engage with the respective highway authorities when projects are being developed and that legislatory requirements, in certain

2551 S4///003/A 25 ~Aa~ 2010 88 {Activity 3 Phase 1 Rz~ori ls~ued AAAy 2010 UKTram Activity 3: -inn Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mott MacDonald

circumstances, do not provide for the safest and most economics► solutions in terms of overall highway design.

Proposed Elements of Study:

The determined first stage of the work is to undertake a full and proper assessment of the full scope of the problem. This will take the form of a comprehensive study, via a questionnaire, of each of the existing tramway systems in the UK (and the Republic of Ireland). It will look at all elements concerning the tramway/highway interface and will focus particularly on where there have been evident issues regarding safety.

Planned Output of Study:

The initial study will look at both the positive as well as the negative aspects associated with `signing and lining' and highway design of each system. The outcome of this will lead to a more thorough pan-industry understanding about the extent of the problems and how these might be addresses both in existing and future schemes.

Expected Benefits from Study:

(quantified and non-quantified)

A more consistent and standardised approach will help to ensure less ambiguity on the part of tramway operator, road user and pedestrian when on or about a tramway system. This will lead to an improvement in road safety with the attendant improvements in system performance and social acceptance. The study will also look at more innovative alternatives to certain aspects of highway design, signalling and signing.

Likely Timescale to Completion:

Phase 1 of the study can be completed within 12-months.

The second and equally important stage of this project is a little more difficult to predict as this will require detailed analysis of the issues raised in Phase 1 and the development of suitable standards. It may also necessitate changes to legislation (TSRGD, etc.) the result of which makes it difficult to determine timescales for completion.

255164/!/003/A 25 May 201 U :• Activity 3 Phase 1 Report Issued Nlay 2010 UKTram Activity 3: ~ln Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mott MacDonald

Appendix B. Final Agreed Phase 1 Scoff

This is the final scope as agreed between Mott MacDonald and UKTram for the Phase 1 study to identify current practice on current systems, and recommend updates to current guidance.

8.1. Scope

The scope will cover three main areas of highway/tramway interface: Signs, Lines &Signals Pedestrian &Cyclist Safety Special Surfacing

The method to be used for gathering the information is laid out in Section 4 and the output to be produced is fisted in Section 5.

B.1.1. ' Signs, Lines 8 Signals

Signs, lines and signals on the tramway, and highway interface with the tramway, will be reviewed in this subject area, using the method specified in Section 4: Standard signs required in the TSRGD (2002) and signs recommended in ORR guidance. Their impact on tramway safety and efficiency. Non-standard signs on tramways used to convey information either to tram drivers or other highway users. Reasons for their use and how effective they are. Current use of temporary signs and lights during construction and maintenance works. Current use of markings to improve safety and compliance on tramways. Reasons for their use and how effective they are. Innovative practices used at junctions and in pedestrian areas to improve safety and e~ciency.

B.1.2. Pedestrian ~ Cyclist Safety

Pedestrian and cyclist safety where they interact with the tramway will be reviewed in this subject area, using the method specified in Section 4: Existing practice as compared to currently available guidance. Pedestrian and cycle accident `black spots' and possible causes. Innovative methods used to reduce accidents through signage and highway interface.

1 2551641//003/A 25 May 2010 9~ ;Activity 3 Phase 1 Report Issued day 2010 UKTram Activity 3: Signing of Tramways and Highway In#erFace Mott MacDonald

6.1.3. Special Surfaces

The use of special surfaces on tramways will be reviewed in this subject area, using the method specified in Section 4: Current use of special surfacing on tramways and the reason of its use.

B.2. Method

Two main methods of study will be used to produce the results.

B.2.7. Standards 8~ Guidance Review

Standards such as the TSRGD (2002) will be studied and compared to current practice.

Some guidance on the subjects covered by Activity 3 is available. For instance, a Pedestrian Safety Guidance document has been produced by the Office of Rail Regulation. This and other relevant guidance will be reviewed and compared to the feedback from tramway operators.

B.2.2. Second Questionnaire

The initial questionnaire sent to the tramway operators highlighted areas of study which need to be pursued further and in more detail. These areas included problems with illegal turns and tram lane use by motor vehicles, the overshooting of give way lines, loss of control accident on the rails and incidents with pedestrians and cyclists. The use of non-standard signs to combat these problems was also highlighted for further investigation. A summary of the findings of the first questionnaire was issued by Mott MacDonald to UKTram on 19th i January 2009. It is proposed that a second questionnaire should be written to gather this information.

A second questionnaire, written by Dave Skirrow but not issued to the operators, contained more detailed questions which will be incorporated where relevant to the updated version, as per the scope in Section 3. The updated second questionnaire will also contain questions arising from research carried out into the three areas of the scope. It is proposed that the second questionnaire should be sent to the operators of the tramways in the UK and Ireland which were included in the initial questionnaire, that is: Dublin Luas, Midland Metro, Sheffield Supertram, Manchester Metrolink, London Tramlink and Nottingham Express Transit.

255164///003/A 25 Nlay 2410 91 ,Activity 3 Phase 1 t~~port issued May 2010 UKTram Activity 3: Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mo#t MacDonald

Blackpool Trams, from whom no answer was received for the initial questionnaire, should be encouraged to participate, and information should also be sought from TIE with respect to Edinburgh Trams. Any relevant missing information on these two tramways, which would have come from the initial questionnaire and is within the scope of this project, will be gained by expanding their second questionnaires as appropriate.

It is proposed that the second questionnaire should be delivered in the form of an interview with the list of questions being sent to the operator previously to allow them to gather any necessary information. This method is felt to be best, as it will enable responses to be gathered more swiftly then if the operators were left to reply in their own time. It will also enable the interviewer to ensure that questions are answered in the same manner for each tramway. This was a problem encountered in the replies from the first questionnaire, which made direct comparisons difficult.

8.3. ' Output

B.3.1. Signs, Lines and Signals

A report will be produced using the information gathered from the questionnaires and research into standards and guidance. This will contain: A description of current usage of signs, markings and signals from standards or guidance A overview of practice currently used Suggestions for additions or changes to current standards and guidance

B.3.2. , Pedestrian and Cyclist Safety

A report will be produced using the information gathered from the questionnaires and research into standards and guidance. This will contain: A comparison of current practice with available guidance on pedestrian and cyclist safety An overview of any innovative practice currently used Suggestions for additions or changes to guidance

i 25~164///OQ3/A 25 N1~y 2010 92 ? f-lciivit~ 3 ~h~sa 1 Rppo~t issued ~~1ay 20'10 UKTram Activity 3: Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mott MacDonald

B.3.3. Special Surfaces

A report will be produced using the information gathered from the questionnaires and research into standards and guidance. This will contain: ~ An overview of the current usage of special surfaces and their level of success ■Suggestions for additions or changes to guidance

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UKTram UKTram Signing Signing UKTram Activity 3: Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mott MacDanuld

Veolia RPA NCC NTC WCC TMM / SYPTE Stagecoach ._ ___ CENTRO junctions. Some junctions exception of 1_____ give priority to clear that the operators are high during off peak the tram performance and low during peak, specification (of which others may be medium. Wolverhampton was not a part) could not be met and Wolverhampton agreed to introduce hurry calls and green waves as experience was gained in on-street trem running.

Tram has"Greenwave" priority on the on-street section ______Other public transport issues Tramlink operates in Bus deregulation Nottingham is de-regulated Most daytime bus Public trensport in regulated — deregulated accordance with the service continues to cause environment, there is not PTE services along Metro South Yorkshire environment. PTEs requirements set by TfL. as problems with the wrtidor operated deregulated since late the public transport number of bus operators Commercially — 86% by SOs. Some authority for London as a and their buses Nottingham does not have a National Express as "integration"in the whole, and is integrated wmpeting for space on PTE. Is sponsored by Travel West Midlands, form of through with the London fares city centre stops. This Nottingham City Council and Surprisingly there was ticketing arrangements Nottinghamshire County system. Bus competition is frequently results in ^a ~edudion in bus with local bus regulated through a legal tailbacks on some of the Council jointly through a services along the cram operators in particular agreement between TfL and shred areas or across specialist team (The Promoter). ~mdor(79 bus) as the since the recent TCL so as not to prejudice key junctions (even with operator of trams was acquisition by TCL's commercial position. yellow box protection). Public Transport is deregulated National Express as Stagecoach of one by NCC still owns 85% of the Trevel Midland Metro! local bus operation. city's principal bus operetor In a policy of differential (who also own a 50%share of fare levels kept short NTC). journeys on the buses resulting in Midland Metro never Net was designed and is achieving its predicted loadings. opereted and maintained under a PFI arrangement. System Design Are there any specific design No, other than maximising Swept path guidance The Luas system was General design of on street and Wolverhampton CCUTC The signalling The entire system is and operating principles used segregation and traffic (either by lining or designed in accordance off street sections to manage officers took a strong systems operated "line of sight'. T within the system which effect signal priority. material changes / level with Railway Safety and control intertaces. handson approach at here are only 2 significant safety or operation? changes) is important to Principles and Guidance Maximum integration of the the design stage sections of single line. A t provide information to (RSPG) produced by the tram into the highway establishing a good Meadowhall this is pedestrians, particularly HSE. environment working relationship controlled by railway in areas of high footfall in with the contractors standard track circuited Signalling busy city centre operation /priority highway design safety signalling, but is still locations. linked in the design process engineers. This lead to driven light of sight. At Removal of conflicting highway good practical and safe Herding park, the single traffic over the radial route as a junctions and resulted line was protected by track whole into the complete circuits as above, in Strong development of new redesign of the addition to a magnet and existing park and ride and Steelhouse Lane detection system. This was interchange junGion with restricted considered to be more franc movements —see complex than the location later. Trams driven under "line of required and the track sight' principle circuit system was removed some time ago, along with Points and routes re set by the Safety —poor choice of a slight reduction in tram driver — Control Room wheel /rail interface at operating speed to facilitate involvement is minimised points (Vignola Rail) true lire of sight operation. Unlike other systems, points and routes are not set automatically by the use of a predefined code ~~__ Who was responsible for Design was undertaken by DBOM contract, but all The RPA was reaponsible Railway Procurement Arrow are responsible for the Wolverhampton as South Yorkshire HMRI

255164!//003fA 25 May 2010 96 Activity 3 Phase '1 Report issued May 20'10

traffic

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sections

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specification

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Report Report

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TCL. TCL.

25 25

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23 23

on on

28 28

under under

performance performance

as as was was

the the

issued issued

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accordance accordance

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operates:

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no no

Activity Activity

255164/:I0031A 255164/:I0031A

or or

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system system

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Highway Highway

97 97

little little

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conditions

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Veolia RPA NCC NTC WCC TMM / SYPTE Stagecoach _ . - --__~_____.~_.___...... __...__._ CENTRO incidents. by police (new powers - - - ~ - encroachment into defined The primary cause of delay is below - ~ - of fuel, then badly parked will be available to Vam lane. trams being caught in traffic vehicles and loading along Highway Authorities to Blocked box unctions, queues with minor RTAs, usually ~ address this in due Majority crossing the due to cars overshooting sometimes by buses, are purse). ring road __~ _, not infrequent give way lines. How does the actual level of Actual priority level quite Significangy greater Pertormance was as expeared It was felt there was The priority of signalling is priorities provided on street close to assumptions when degree of priority has based on HA involvement in little corcelation. As as we would wish. The compare with those assumed everything running resulted compared to what the traffic signal junction design implementation involve other causes of delay, during the design and smoothly, had been anticipated process a design and build especially traffic, were not modelling process9 during the design process. contract, the design accounted for. evolved and changed Actual level of priorities ~9ht up to construction matches those assumed during one junction for design —much attention was instance was radically paid to this during altered in the commissioning and trail running LOnstruction stage (one of the reasons this period (Steelhouse Lane) should not be shortened). including the loss of cross traffic movement to give greater flexibility for tram stage to be called

Pertortnance that matches the Concession deed regime tends to the view that it is reasonably good. Failures are the real problem. _ -- Whatregarding the typical (Don't understand the Please clarity the question Flows low to moderate, traffic Maximum traffic is Generally good bui traffic volumes and vehicle mix question) mainly private vehicles about boot vehicles per has problems with when running with other daytime hour with about identified congestion traffic??) 12% heavy vehiGes bottlenecks Typical vehicle with which including buses trams mix would be cars and buses See Wolverhampton _. _ _. City Council response How does the assumed tram Not well, as the original Presume this relates to Not known From day one of Comparable It depends which model we run times compare with modelling significantly actual run times rather running it was clear that are considering. As modelled run times? underestimated the than assumed run times. projected tram run times mentioned above, initial tramstop dwell times by not Run times during the peak Actual run time is 30 seconds Were a little optimistic. models assume perfect allowing for door delays in periods are slightly longer over the contracted and at least Street running section conditions and particular. The result is that than modelled due to a minute in excess of that projected at 4.5 minutes unachievable speeds. there is no margin for congestion at intersections model. ac1 ua 1 5 5 menut es. Th'is However, I believe that our maintaining the schedule with road traffic in a was in the main not average speed compares without (a) all-out running congested city centre. through increased very favourably with other and (b) cuAailed layovers at junction delays but (in particular European) termini. through the way the tramways with similar actual track was laid. mixed running. Model alignment and actual construction were different.

Achieves them How does the system cope with Badly —town centre prone Where there are Please clarify the question. Not an issue to date, further Traffic growth on Gets caught up in increasing traffic flows: to "gridlocking" increasing traffic flows, traffic gating could be corridor estimated at congestion traffic can still have priority employed 2.5%from 1999 to by the local council 2004. However, tram Croydon has a particular service can be severely (but not unique) problem System will struggle to cope disrupted and can be __

2551fiA/;;D037A 25 May 2010 ~ ~ 2 Activity 3 Hhase 1 Report issi.ied May 2010

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UKTram UKTram Signing Signing UKTram Activity 3: ~~1 Signing of Tramways and Highway interface Mo[t MacDonald

Veoiia R PA NCC NTC WCC TMM / SYPTE Stagecoach CENTRO for a specific road junction and trams and buses — on the whole o~ that route perhaps improved something lacking in for a mile either side of the empowerment oFtramway this country. Such a gate is a massive problem operators would be a sensible move could also and virtually not enforced. way forvvard, obviously caveats simplify traffic conUol, would have to be put in place to signing, lining and Decriminalisation of the prevent misuse. protective measures for offence is supposed to help trams. Also legislation enforcement by agencies for motorists to give way other than the Police, but to buses or trams constantly delayed while pulling away from stops waiting for type approval of would help ensure cameras etc. greater public Vansport effectiveness, efficiencies and safety. LeYS have a UK Tram campaign on such issues!

Nothing required Practicalities of implementing systems This would be better Another one for GMUTC addressed to TfL (Streets) as the designers. -- — ____ What have been the difficulties An inability of the Design of three levels of No significant issues, common The main issue for No great technical of integrating the tram systems Microsense TSC to reliably priority understanding of objectives development, difficulties, other than the with existing traffic control handle trams at close and implications between configuretion and now lack of full priority at a few systems? headways different design and approval maintenance is complexjunctions. All discipline is essential understanding the tram done by hard wire and detection Vecom relays to RTC therefore equipment. Midland nothing complex. Any difficulties we have had Metro contrect out of have been mainly as a result of the maintenance of the differing perceptions and signalling detection to priorities of stakeholders and WCC traffic signal competing pressures on the maintenance teams. Highway Authority. City Council ~ilst this provides full policy can occasionally conflict integration for problem with the best interests of the solving WCC has had to tramway, particularly when train staff in the working trying to please all parties. and fault finding of the Vcom equipment—as it is a small part of the signalling operation retaining expertise is difficult and can prolong some repairs

See Wolverhampton City Council response How much effort /time was Modifications and Modelling prior to on site A lot — Wolverhampton Avery large amount iniiialiy required to design, configure enhancements took place installation using the Siemens was and still is at construction. All RTGs and carry out modifications to over a period of two years. system allowed productive enthusiastic over the had to be replaced with the existing systems in order to identification of issues prior to provision of the tram more intelligent ones. integrate the tram system? site testing. Few further service and this has amendments were required on enabled resources to be site. Most signal junctions provided for full commissioned prior to tram trial involvement in tl~e running design and approval of the system. Without this we would not have safe reliable system we have today

25516d/l/003/A 25 May 2010 116 Activity 3 Phase 1 Report IssueA May 20'IO

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UKTram

Signing UKTram Activity 3: '1'Y> Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Moti MacDonald

,,:. .:..:s ~~::.:.. Veolia RPA NCC NTC WCC TMM/ SYPTE Stagecoach CENTRO _ ___ the public are happy to Display (PID) is very well implementation, followed early Travel Midland Metro to transport and memory and good use received. On board CCN workshops to explore ensure that the service patronage is growing. definition has been of major has proven very effective requirements and critical issues keeps running The public cleaAy benefit. This includes front in the prosecution of proactive communications considers the tram to and rear cameras for crimes wmmitted on be a vastly superior accident investigation and involving all parties had a huge Nothing that seems board. impact in promoting community mode of transport 6 internal cameras for particularly worth when compared to security. The external acceptance and ownership of raising, other than the the tram other modes, in cameras provide examples shared contract for particular bus. Modal for driver training and Close relationship with maintenance with switch is much more evidence and data for Operator and Highway Wolverhampton UTC likely from car to ram formulating improvements. Authority who undertake cross than it is from car to Promoter! Public Transport district and cross bus. Authority /Highway Authority functional maintenance. and Planning Authority had common objectives for on street sections and were all part of the same organisation (City Council)

Tramway priority and phasing works well, and changes / faults are obvious if and when they occur. What doesn't work well and requires change or improvement? __ __ -- -- _--_ _ _ Is there any aspect of the In this context, the The high floor chosen for Ticket Vending Machines Conhactual issues effectively Yes we are particularly Definitely "On road The air wn units, system that has failed to generation of traffic signal Metrolink Phase 1 (for will have to be improved fixed the level of priority to the disappointed with the Running". The ventilation and demisting of pertorm to expectations and demands via an indirect 5nancial reasons) has for visibility in sunlight. capabilities of the equipment service life of the tram bogies! We are the tram cabs is woefully that will need to be improved or route through both the made it less flexible for Emergency Help Points provided, higher levels could traffic signal heads on having problems with inadequate and difficult to re-designed? Vecom waystation and the later phases involving have been the subject of have been achieved. At street. There is a high Siemens regarding the improve. local PLC in turn wntinues streetrunning —the serious quality problems. present this is not a significant rate of bulb failures and drive couplings. The high level of issue need frequent bulb to cause reliability platforms needed are a Some slight Greater opportunity existed problems. A direct link significant intrusion into pertormance monitoring replacements to ensure modifications to called for in the ops and at least 3 bulbs are lit at at design and construction between the waystation and the highway. This is Overheads Anti- to avoid bottlenecks, pass changed maintenance contracts is Priority at all junctions. any one time. We are to the traffic signal controller unlikely to be Chatter Clips traffic queues using a short would have been more because of the cost very time consuming to try LEDs now white Extended the skids on implement and has limited ones have DfT section of segregated or reliable, as might more implications. Improved gating arrangements the section insulators available road width to effect. approval. use basis methods such as the to reflect actual new traffic flow (makes smoother segregate tramway. The use of OHLE contacts Por trams, rather than Some of the materials as a result of running on chosen routes will always tram detection. It is also relying on estimates of design. Any queries about this pantograph) be a matter ofi contention considered that some of the used in the street 5+ of Phase (Design is always years out report or for fudher Technology has and opinion varies. The traffic signalled junctions running section current 1 are beginning to fail of data under information, contact: advanced and most effective corcidors and would benefit from being procurement timescales). improved routes might not have been that more and are not too easy to redesigned so chosen. than one tram can be maintain under a live Greater Automation system. The hanges on Richard Robson passed on the same phase Use of Cat's Eyes in addition to to several sections of reil The decision put Qust as with standard bus white lining would, we believe, conductors onto the priority). Road vehicle on the tight bends have be beneficial as lining can be Service Development wom away already. tram has greatly transgression contlnues to hard to make out during wet Manager improved the human be a problem which has led dark conditions. Swept path Regeneretion and interface and reduced to the installation of The OHLE in the city markers, in particular are very Environment the revenue collection standard No Entry signage centre is very intrusive useful when determining problems. whether a tram may safely Wolverhampton City at two locations in addition (probably over Council to the standard tram only designed). Most pass a car, which has pulled over the Give way lines. Heantun House sign (which e believe most tramways around the motorists are ignorant off. of far (Trams constantly having to Salop Street world make use effectively more building fixings stop and Give Way Wolverhampton encourages this): (even to listed buildings) W V3 OSQ or joint use poles.

Tel: 01902 555731 Free trips on the city centre section could help Fax: 01902 555467 to reduce the number of buses also running_. on.

255164/;/003lA 25 May 2010 119 Actlmty 3 Phase 1 Report Issue6 hAay 2d 10 UKTram Activity 3: ~1 Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mott MacDonald

QUESTION CROYDON 7RAMLINK MANCHESTER LUAS NOTT3NGHAM NET MIDLAND MEFRQ SY SUPERTRAM METROLINK PkASE i

'~ the same streets. E-mail: Integrated ticketing on Richard.robson~ the various travel modes has to ba implemented wolverham pton.g ov. uk one day — it works in cities all over the world, There is a need for why not here? significant improvements in quality control on installation. Poor build quality has lead to most of our

255164/;/003/A ?5 May 2070 X20 Activity 3 Phase 1 Report Issued May 'LQ'IC

lay-

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as

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where

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markings.

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sections:

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or or

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of of

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mark mark

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is is

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at at

sections sections

1 1

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2S 2S

on on

to to

type type

between between

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bus bus

(usually (usually

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path.

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a a

or or

another another

having having

provided provided

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in in

used used

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the the

tramway tramway

disabled disabled

kerb kerb

intertace intertace

as as

tramway tramway

special special

signs signs

3 3

'tram 'tram

are are

especially especially

and and

on on

higher).

a a

kerb kerb

are are

most most

swept swept

the the

for for

instances instances

lane- lane-

the the

the the

segregated segregated

buses).

colour colour

Operational Operational

blue blue

of of

no no

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the the

difference difference

with with

dots dots

Acllvity Acllvity

255164/Il003;A 255164/Il003;A

trams trams

manner manner

paths, paths,

splay splay

thick thick

on on

where where

of of

written written

Supplementary Supplementary

(e.g. (e.g.

usually usually

street street

clearway clearway

a a

are are

where where

for for

level level

different different

Highway Highway

on-

tramway, tramway,

D.1. D.1.

holders. places places

with with Blocking Blocking

specifically specifically

and and with with

loading loading

edge edge

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mite mite

swept swept

A A

A A

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tram' tram'

lane lane

similar similar

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vehicle vehicle

= =

apart apart

system system

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A A

a a

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the the

and and

d. d.

do

3: 3:

other

on-

lines lines

tram

for for

and and

tramways

and and

standard

for for

users)?

Tramways Tramways

use use

-•

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of of

w w

you you

road road

drivers drivers

street street

UVhat UVhat

signs signs

(both (both

a a

7 7

UKTram UKTram

Signing Signing Appendix Appendix UKTram Activity 3: ~''~''~''~ Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mott MacDonald

,, . ~° ,,. ;: ar, . ; ~ .:, b What standard Some kind of marker post in ~ -Give way or stop signs with the tram ~- Warning —trams crossing ahead in 'Give way' signs with fhe tram plate - 'Warning Trams crossing' signs on ~ Blue'tram only' sign &plate signs and lines do between the two tracks— either verge plate. advance of the junction beneath. some approaches with a'Look right Yellow painted tramway surtace you use in places markers, sentinel plastic bollards or ~yaming —trams crossing ahead on o 'Stop' or'Give Way' signs with a •Yellow boxes with swept path plate on the centre loop. Also, 'Look where a Reflective verge-marker style posts concrete bollards with reflective side roads tram plate and sometimes arrows markers Right Trams' written on the road. segregated includin one each side in the swe t rings. indicating which way the tramway 'Tram Only written on the tramway (~ 9 P tramwa y crosses u Wamin g overhead lines, with a a glue'tram onl y' si g ns on the s path, as theyre passive) with'ahead • Red surfacing on the tramway, runs. the highway at clearance plate tramway branches e Red paving on fhe tramway. only' written on We road. accompanied by, or neM ta, special Yellow box markings grade (both Tor Caving in the forth of cobbles, sharks .Yellow box 1unctions with cameras — ~ m 'Tram onlY' written on the tramwaY~ •Arrows on the carria9 ewa Y directin9 tram drivers and teeth or ribbed concrete. not very well enforce, only = 'Warnin tram crossin ahead' si ns. motorists along road. other road users ? occasional prosecutions g 9 9 •Sections of'plinth track' before UVhere a se9 re 9 ated track begins, ballasted sections. - Yellow'beware trams' plates added no-entry signs are sometimes placed to other signs. either side of the righbhand track (as 'Warning, trams ahead' sign Tor in the manner of a dual motorists. carriageway). Thus the sign is legally • In some places the cyclist warning placed (the trams aren't ignoring it) sign'slippery rails', but the sign in the centre looks like it • Yellow boxjunction markings — could be applied to the left hand these are not very well enforced for track and deters motorists from the majority of the year, but from the turning into it. beginning of December to the end of ti 'Sound warning' signs are not placed the January sales the Gardai police at everyjundio~, only where junctions for operation free-flout. pedestrians approaching are walking Road-works are also prohibited with their back to the tramway or during this time. there is very poor visibility. Drivers are taught to use their discretion when sounding warnings generally. The bell is usually used for most warnings both for motorists and pedestrians, as the horn is a full- blown train hom. c How do you mark As in (a) or (b). Blue'tram only' signs (coupled with Blue tram only' signs (or'Tram and y Blue'tram only' signs with Various Ways: Specially laid block paving the boundary a'bus/taxis/cyGes only' sign where Bus Only') accompanying'no pedestrian W Blue Tram Only signs at the gateway Ideas for where a segregated tramway between street- relevant) ~ 'Tram Only written on the tram lane. access' signs, be ins: running and .'No motor vehicles' signs 9 m Sometimes'no entry' signs with > 'Tram only' wNtlen on the tramway. segregated .Traffic lights permanently on red. 'excepttrams' plate (but not in areas ` No Entry ExceP t Trams si9 ns in sections of the •Different coloured/textured surfacing Active sign saying trams only owned by the LA), unenforceabdetenent as tramway? hley are • 'Tram only' written on the road. Ateunctions where the tramway continues streit ahead, traffic signals which only have a filter. 2 a How many on- About 33 28 17 7, with 1 pelican cros8ing 11 About 70. street signalled junctions are there on the tramway? What standard As compliant with the Tragic Signs • Mostly no signs, Just treat it as a 'Warning Trams Crossing Ahead' on For motorists: y Yellow box markings for junction signs and lines do Manual Ireland Chapter 8 and an normal road junction. some signal poles, but mostly just treat Blue tram only signs with enforcement. These have been well you use typically at accompanying Light Rail Guidance • 'Tramway, look both ways' attached it as a road junction. accompanying'no pedestrian enforced lately, which has lead to a these junctions Document written specially for LUAS. to signal poles to aid pedestrians at access' signs. drop in incidents. (both for tram some junctions. a 'Tram only' wriNen on the tramway. The 'electrified cable overhead' drivers and other warning sign is used as appropriate road users)? • Some traffic signals have an ahead u 'Warning tram crossing ahead' signs. arrow as the green aspect, with an even in segregated sections, as ahead only sign beside them to For tram drivers: these may be accessed by the reduce confusion to road users. • Diamond'Information'signwith'TC' emergency services. plate to warn drivers of crossing (with TC.end the other side of the crossing).

255164/J/003/A 25 May 2010 22 AciNity 3 Phase 1 RepaA issued May 2Q10 UKTram Activity 3 Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mott MacDonald

3 a Do you use any Refer to driver manual and Light Rait - Considered introducing adiamond -Signs telling the drivers to switch No No No non-standard signs guidance Document.(needed because sign for the approach to a set of between'Street Running Mode' to convey of the lack of specified signs in the points, but decided against it as no (line-of-sight using tramway signals) information to tram 'Traffic Signs Manual'). clear sign could be found. and'Segregated Running Mode' (using railway signals) drivers? Some peculiarities of the system: d yellow poles to indicate fouling y The operator sometimes puts up points. •Point Position Indicators which are temporary signs which are black on not dog-legs. a yellow background, which is not + 'Possible leaf fall' signs where there acceptable to RPA –too similar to may be railhead slippery conditions Irish warning signs. which will not affect road vehicles. • As well as the usual speed limit LRV signs to indicate where one or signs, the design speed of some two car trams need to stop to sections (e.g. carves) is highlighted change direction to go over a set of by the observe instruction' sign with crossover points. a plate giving the design speed limit. The'sound warning' for the trams has a specific pattern which has been reinforced through a public information campaign: m Bell –tram coming up behind you (e.g. a warning for pedestrians approaching crossing points) . Horn –get out of the way (e.g. a cyclist riding dangerously in the tram lane) Then the emergency brake is applied

4 a Do you use any "Traffic Signs Manual in Rol. No WolverhampWn city council wanted the .The slippery cyGist sign was No 'skiddy cyclisP sign after a claim was invented here. signs not shown in The cyclist warning sign'slippery rails'. more TSRGD'to convey lodged. There haven't been any 'Caution Tram Track' plates on'right since, so this may have been information to claims turn only' signs. These are actually other road users? successful. left over from when the tramway was Please provide first wnstructed! diagrams or White'Keep Clear' markings on the photos. road instead of yellow boxes.

5 a Do you use any 'No Entry' with an'except trams' plate • 'No entry except trams' which Is • 'No pedestrians' sign but with a red No No Entry Except Trams signs in . q'warning slippery road ahead' sign signs from TSRGD has been authorised under the revised unenforceable. line through it places, but only as a deterrent as they with non-standard plate'Rails are unenforceable. In some places slippery when weP. This is in anon-prescribed Road Traffic Parking and Signing • Various signs to indicate exclude they don't even have the'Except sometimes also accompanied by an manner(e.g. 'No Regulations 2004 –used to all combinations of vehicles using a cyclists Trams' plate. advisory speed limit plate. Entry' with an other traffic including lane, e.g. tram/bus/taxi/cycle lane. p 9 'ExceP t Trams' The'no edestrians' si non its own – In Middlesbrough, a special sign was plate)T strictly speaking, in order to use it the initially used to indicate traffic by-law has to be written out in full allowed down a particular lane. This underneath – a problem as iPs quite showed that the lane was for trams, long and should be written in Gaelic cycles, motorbikes, taxis & too. IYs often used without. authorised vehicles using a mixture of white pictures and text on a blue background. After a motorist was prosecuted, he successfully appealed on the grounds that it should have been written on the road as well. This forced a re-think on the sign, and trams and taxis were incorporated into'authorised traffic. _-_----. _._--'__.__._._._._..___~__Y..~ .__... .____.. _.. _ _. __._.—.__..... _ __ ...... _ _ ~.____. ~---- 6 a Do you use any There are no on-street pedestrianised Not innovative –just use a sliyht level 'Look' written on the crossing points Not applicable No non-standard or sections of the tramway. difference and surtacing contrast to innovative ~n the depot white chevrons are highlight the swept path of the tram. markings for on- painted on the pavement at crossovers street, to indicate the area that must be kept pedestrianised clear whilst another tram is in it. sections of the tramway?

25S16411/003/A 25 May 2010 123 Aciiviry 3 Phase t Report Issued May 2010 UKTram Activity 3: '~~'7 Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mott MacDanald

,, wt's ~ ~~_ ... .. _ „_„~-.,, .. ,. ,;, , .,z r ~ ... " _.. s s. ;, r ~, b Do you use any IVot markings, but flashing road studs No Traffic signals with a green arrow only No - Red cats-eyes across tram gates. .Red surfacing ai the carriageway non-standard or have been installed in some places. to remind traffic not to turn into the edges to discourage cars from taking - White'Keep Clear markings on the innovative These are to try to reinforce the red tramway. road instead of yellow boxes. the racing line across the rails markings at light at signalised junctions, b Yeligw painted tramway surface to junctions involving indicate swept path. the tramway and highway? ~ At pedestrian crossings, 'look both ways' is written on the road as this has been found to be more effective than the blue signs saying the same thing, BUT all tram stops have blue 'look both ways' signs. 7 a Approximately how » On average about 28 RTAs annually 1 serious RTA in 8 or 8 years On average 30 near misses a year(but About 5 reportable incidents per year 2'1 accidents, none fatal. Collisions: on average 25-35 per are (3 misses 2 actuals). many incidents do (taken from last 3 years). a About 30 instances a year of tram only 8 in 2008 — numbers falling near and year, inGuding minor (e.g. door you have involving ., About 232 emergency brake damage (both major and minor) Year on year) knocked off car). motor vehicles, on Average RTCs: 14. This has stayed applications up to September 2008, o Tramway blocked about 8 limes a - Out of that, there are about 24 average, per year pretly steady over the years. year serious RTCs a year (e.g, red light (e.g. illegal turns jump) into tram only sections, give-way ~ About 6 illegal turns which block the line overshoot, loss track per year, but this is reducing of control)? (although there was one during the interview!) b Are there any • Queen Street > Sandilands * Nicholas StreeUMosely street • On the gyratory The Asda rar park exit onto Radford Road. areas of the • Blackhall Place • Reeves Corner Exchange Quay/Ordsall Lane New Swan Lane crossing, near the system where Black Lake tram stop. there are, or have s Busaras previously been, . Wolfetone St particular problems? Please James St identify the areas. Abbey St Lower. c If yes, can you -~ Red light running Driving on to the ballasted track. These Nicholas Street: The lane markings on the gyratory People are still acting with the'shopper Were contusing, so motorists were too mentality' when they exit, not expecting identiTy what the • Failure to obey stop signs are the boundaries between the on- Issues are that traffic approaches a problems are and and off-street sections. In both cases, give way line to cross atram/bus only busy watching them to watch the tram trams to be sharing the road. ~~ Veering into tram lanes what maybe the tramway is strait ahead and the lane. The art gallery wall on one too. causing them? road diverges to the lek. corner, plus pedestrian activity causes At New Swan Lane, there were several cars to ease forn~ard into the outbound instances of care fuming onto the track tram/bus lane whist looking left for by mistake. traffic on the inbound tram/bus lane. Some traffic ignores the give way line as they think Mosley Street has very IitUe traffic, only to pass into the path of a tram. Exchange Quay: A tourist sign is located beyond the signalised junction with the tramway, so motorists are too busy trying to read the sign to notice the signals. d Have any A combination of measures, including: Arrows and writlng on the road The problem at Exchange quay has Wolverhampton CC re-did the lane 'Warning Trams' signs with high identified, sign markings on the gyratory to improve measures involving • Road studs flashing red when the d 'No entry' signs where the road only recently been so visibility backing boards. signs, might take place. their sense. This has reduced markings traffic light is red — to reinforce diverges from the tramway at re-location 'Look Right Trams' written on the incidents. and signals been signals. Sandilands. road. tried to reduce the The New Swan Lane crossing is now High friction surfacing at the 'Trams' written between the rails number of 'No entry except trams' at Reeves signalised, double high level junctions to reduce skidding onto the with opposite the entrance. incidents, and how Corner. repeaters. The speed limit of the road tracks. successful have Still have some incidents at these has also been reduced. Since the they been? ~~ Raised studs in the tram lane edge areas. introduction of these measures, there line, to reinforce when it has been have been no more instances of cars crossed. turning onW the track. .. Additional LED traffic lights or signal hoods and louvers to ensure they can be clearly seen. Many of these are only recently installed so IPs is hard tojudge their success.

255164//l003/A 25 May ?010 124 AcUVity 3 phase 1 Report issued May 20'10 UKTram Activity 3: '~(1 Signing of Tramways and Highway interface MoEt MacDonald

8 a Are there arses of Problem Areas: No particular areas. There is a general •Piccadilly Undercroft Problem areas: ~ Radford Road the system where ~ Marys Abbey at Cepel Street problem, mostly with buses) .Aytoun StraeUAubum Street ~ Ettinshaw Road =The Lace Market trams are delayed by motor vehicles Busaras • Aytoun StreeU o The Royal •Where Gregory Boulevard crosses the on Noel Street (e.g. junction Jamea Street tramway blocking, illegal m Harcourt Street use of tram lanes)? Please ideMiy the areas. ~_ _ _. b If yes, can you • Rat running - man cases [na prooiem is iramc Heavy franc prevents trams leaving • Radford Road: Traffic backing up, This is a problem as a large blocking yellow boxes, as junctions are the segregated section onto the holding up the trams in the shared proportion of the tramway is shared identify what the • Illegal queuing on tracks problems are and in close proximky to one another. highway on Bilston Road at the running section and blocking the running with traffic, but it has what may be Exit from major bus station junction with Ettinshaw Road. fuming into Wilkinson Street improved recently due to relief and causing them9 Delays caused by shared running d There have been taro incidents • Lace Market: vehicles blocking ring roads diverting traffic elsewhere. Taxis parking in the tram lanes where cars have driven into the short junctions. a There is a massive problem with outside nightclubs segregated section containing The • Gregory Boulevard: there is no right taxis making U-turns and other Royal tram stop and caused delays. sudden manoeuvres across the • Dublin buses blocking yellow boxes. turn lane far vehicles wanting to turn When the M6 is closed, increase in into Noel Street, so the tramway track. Supertram is trying to build up traffic causes severe delays. across the junction becomes a rapport with the taxi companies to blocked. reduce this. • Yellow box abuse by buses is also common.

c Have any At Busaras, current measures (studs in Yellow boxes are used at some The traffic light phases have been Not really. Radford road:At busier times, ask No measures involving the tram lane line, yellow swept path junctions, but are rarely enforced. adjusted (in consultation with the the UTC to e#end the green phase. signs, markings markings) have been unsuccessful. UTC). > Lace Market: ask the police to clear and signals been Buses still overhang tram lanes and yellow box junction. tried to reduce the side-swipe trams on turning. Gregory Boulevard: No measures problem, and how a successful have taken. they been? 9 a Approximately how Not that much of a problem on the About l5 About 1 a year. About 3 There were 15 in 2008. Very rare, as there are few signalled many incidents of main system —more incidents in the sections. SPAS do you depot. have, on average, Point indicators are always'dog-leg' per yeaR b Are there any No partiwlar areas, apart from the No real problem areas, though termini No. Two identifiable problem areas are the Most have been caused by driver ~= Depot exiUentrance a problem, as problem areas, depot. seem to be the most regular spots for signal by Wednesbury depot, and the behaviour, but one problem area is the mainline signal is always set to go, and can you SPAS incidents. approach to the Swan Lane Crossing. Bulwell Forest Crossing, where there is except when a tram is trying to exit identify what may To prevent SPAS: Both are caused by the anticipation of a level crossing for both Network Rail from the depot. As the signal rarely be causing them? a proceed aspect. and the tramway. Because fhe signal is has to be noted, drivers forc~et it is • Signs saying check signal' at tram controlled by Network Rail, it there. Ablack-back- board has been stops. sometimes changes from proceed to put on the signal to improve the High contrast backing boards for stop at the last minute if a train has contrast. but iYs too early to tell if this point-dependent signals. only just passed over the crossing. has improved matters as, even in this'hot-spoP, incidents are relatively rare. r Also, some tram signals being used as points indicators. This means that when the points are set'streit ahead' the points indicator looks identical to the'procaed' aspect of tram signals, causing confusion.

10 a Approximately how There was one, in 2007 when a Since fhe tramway opened: .gbout 12 near misses a year. None so far-1 minor injury caused by 2 major injuries (one trapped leg and About 1 or 2 a year one pedestrian struck at 18kph) and many serious pedestrian trespassed a section of off- a 6 pedestrian fatalities .About 6 minor incidents a year. someone running for a tram. injury or fatal street segregated ireck. one fatal accident (pedestrian under collisions with w 4 of which were suicides. 1 or 2 death or serious injury the influence was clipped by the tram pedestrians occur, incidents a year. and fell hard, hitting head on the on average, per tarmac) in the life of the tramway. year?

255164ll0031A 25 May 2010 ~ 2~J Activity 3 Phase 1 Report issued May 2010 UKTram Activity 3: Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mo~i ma~o

b Are there any =Anti-social behaviour in Ballymoun[ -The top of George Street where it A narrow pavement adjacent to the N/A ~ Not really. •Problems are experienced where a areas otthe „Naas Road crosses Wellesley Road, possibly outbound track opposite the segregated tremway runs alongside system where because pedestrians have to cross a Bridgewater Hall at G-Mex. A fatality a two-way road. The crossing there are, or have ~~ Pedestrian trespass between two-way road then a tramway and was caused by roaches picking staggers on the centre) reservations previously been, Cherlemant and Miltown get confused about which way to up/dropping off at this point. A girl was aren't standardised, causing some particular look. killed when she stepped backward into confusion. problems? the path of a tram whilst waving to a The biggest danger is actually to friend on a coach ~ Another fatality at ibis spot was caused of ncdents whereepassengers have by a pedestrian walking into the path of been injured to sudden a tram whilst talking on a mobile braking/acceleration. phone. c Have any No pedestrian' signs e Reducing the speed from 50 to 20 Coaches have now been banned from Near misses were mostly at stops. »Enhancing the white line on the At a pedestrian crossing of a road measures have Deterrent paving kph. This has been fairly successful. dropping off at this point. Platform widening has been carried out platform edge. alongside the tramway in the centre of been tried to at West Bromwich Central to allow - Installing foam paving around the city a recorded voice repeats'two- reduce the number These have had a medium level of passengers to pass more easily. obstructions. way treffic, look both ways'. This was of incidents, and success an accident black spot possibly due to how successTul the pedestrians having just crossed the have they been? tramway and reached a refuge, inclining them to look only one way. 11 a What signs, .Red blister tactile paving at •Blister tactile paving at all crossings, •Lozenge tactiles on all platform Tactile paving: Lozenges on all Tactile Paving: ~ Lozenge tactile paving used to mark markings and signalised crossing points — though .Lozenge tactile paving at the edges edges. platforms and blister paving of some Lozenges on all platforms the platform edge and corduroy special pavements problems with wntinui~g tactiles of on-street tram stop platforms. Blister tactiles at most on-and off- crossings, paving the Position oT the doors. do you use to •Blisters at crossings. onto service covers. street crossings of the tramway. ~ guide the - In-line blister tactile paving at the Blister tactiles used to mark tramway g Lozenge tactiles for the edge of on- ~ Corduroy at the bottom of ramps, disabled? edges of off-street tram stop crossin oints in all cases. street platforms. both Tor on-and off-street platForms 9 P platforms In pedestrianised areas, the swept Corduroy hazard tactiles at the path of the tram is marked with a bottom of all ramps to on-street Disabled pictogram on paving to very small dropped kerb, block platforms. indicate where the wheelchair area is paving of a different colour /texture • Some buff blister tactiles at on the tram. /shape to the surrounding area and a unmarked crossings, but this is a line of red blocks highlighting the rerity. kerb line. 12 a Approximately how •About6 minor cycle injuries, ~ About 1 accident a year < 2 near misses in 2008 and 4 in 2007, None so far No serious accidents. There has only been one in the history many serious generally wheels caught in rails. This ,Only 1 fatal accident in the life of the but none in 2006 and 2005. 1 in of the tramway. injury or fatal isn't very accurate however, as tramway. 2004. collisions with accidents are generally only known o No minor injuries to cyclist until cyclists occur, on about if a tram driver is present. 2007, when there were 3, then 2 in average, per yeaR RPA liaise with the Dublin City 2008. Cycling Campaign. No death or fatal injuries so far. b Are there any r James HospiPal Everywhere. No N/A Several people have fallen off their The incident occurred where a areas of the Steevens lane bikes, but always in'no cycling' areas. segregated tramway runs alongside system where the road. there are, or have previously been, particular ... _...... problems? c If yes, can you Cyclists failing to use facilities ~ ~~! Some junctions with cycle lanes have N/A Non compliance. In this case there was no particular identity what the provided and so crossing at an acute signals specifcally for cyclists. design flaw. The cyclist was caught on problems are and angle CCN cycling along the road before what may be • Cyclists using tram-only sections of suddenly swerving to cross the tracks. causing them? the track. __ _.._ d Have any • Improvement in signage •Cyclist education leaflet No N/A • Public awareness campaigns There is no way of recording minor measures have • Public awareness campaigns a Occasionally stationing people at injuries to cyclists (although drivers are been tried to Problem crossings, asking them to encouraged to make a report if they reduce the number Supplying high-vis jackets to cyclists. dismount. witness an incident) therefore it is of incidents, and These have had a medium level of difficult to know where hot-spots are in how successful success. b 'Cyclist dismounP signs order to reduce incidents. have they been? Footpath re-alignment and staggered barriers.

2551fi4/1fOQ37A 25 May 201U ~ 2~ ,4ctimty 3 Phase t Report Issued AAay 20'10

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Signing UKTram Activity 3: Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mott MacDonald

D.2. ~ Non-operational Tramway Responses

1 a When is the tramline due to be 2011/2012 opened? _. c What is the tram service level / ~ 6 trams per hour initial timetable headway planned to be? a 8 trams per hour during morning and evening peak 16 trams per hour on the shared section 2 a Who owns, maintains and is +Owned by Transport Edinburgh Ltd.(TEL), a council company responsible for the tram system ~ To be built and maintained by Infraco generally? b Who owns, operates and maintains a Highway Equipment owned by City of Edinburgh Council (CEC) the signal junction equipment? ~ Tramway Equipment owned by TEL and maintained by Infraco c Who will be responsible for highway CEC —but not completely settled. operation generally? d Who will be responsible for tramway TEL— but not completely settled. operation? 3 a Are any complimentary traffic E.g. Ocean Terminal: management measures to be ~ Designing a new parallel road for general traffic. introduced (e.g. re-routing of traffic, and taxi plaza for interchange with the park &ride)? e Creating a public transport trams. Leith Walk/Great Junction Street: Short sections of Bus lane on the approaches to the junctions to allow them to jump the queue and to allow buses to stop (interchanging with Foot of the Walk tram stop) without blocking traffic. One way for traffic with atwo-way tramway. Side roads changed to left-in left-out. A Worked with the cycle group to identify a parallel cycle route.

4 a What powers of enforcement are Edinburgh Tram (Line One) Act 2006 available to be used on the highway Edinburgh Tram (Line Two)Act 2006 and tramway? Road traffic Act 1988 Roads (Scotland) Act 1984 New Roads and Streetworks 1991 Bylaws yet to be developed (under power of the Tram Acts above) 5 a What length of the system consists of 7.2km on-street running? b What level of segregation exists for A range of segregation, from completely shared running, through to fully on-street running (e.g. tram only segregated. This includes some areas of bus, tram and taxi lanes. lanes, tram and bus lanes) and how long is each section? c What length of the system consists of 11.6km fully segregated running?

2551 S4/!1003/A 25 ivlay 2010 129 k Aciivity 3 Phase 1 ft~port Issued May 2010 UKTram Activity 3: Signing of Tramways and Highway interface Mott MaeDonald

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6 a What standard signs and lines are to ~ 1001 Stop Line be used for on- street tramways (both „ 1001.1 Tram Stop Line for tram drivers and other road users)? * 1001.2 Cycle Advanced Stop Line * 1004 Urban Lane Line • 1010 Edge of Carriageway used by Trams • Text'Tram Only' etc. * Yellow Box Markings with swept path gaps. This will not be camera enforced. 976 Tram Speed Limit 1066 Yellow Swept Path dots Buff surfacing Loading bays provided with the relevant signs, as the shared section is `No Waiting or Loading at Any Time'

b What standard signs and lines are to ~ 1001 Stop Line be used in places where a segregated ,,, 1001.2 Cycle Advance Stop Line tramway crosses the highway at grade (both for tram drivers and other road 4 1004 Urban Lane Line users)? 1010 Edge of Carriageway used by Trams •Text `Tram Only' etc. • Yeliow Box Markings (with swept path gaps) • 976 Tram Speed Limit • 1066 Yellow Swept Path dots c How is the boundary between street- `No Entry' with `Except Trams' Plates running and segregated sections of 1049 Tram Lane Boundary Line across the entrance the tramway to be marked? Also, 1018.1 double yellow lines across the entrance. 7 a How many on-street signalled About 46 (not including pedestrian crossings) junctions are there on the tramway? b What standard signs and lines are to ~~~ 1001 Stop Line be typically used at these junctions 1001.2 Cycle Advance Stop Line (both for tram drivers and other road users)? ~ 1004 Urban Lane Line 1010 Edge of Carriageway used by Trams 9 Text `Tram Only etc. Yellow Box Markings (with swept path gaps) ~• 976 Tram Speed Limit fi 1066 Yellow Swept Path dots 612!613 Banned Turn A 616 No Entry 614 No U-turns 8 a Are any non-standard signs to be This is yet to be confirmed, but so far: used to convey information to tram a, Speed limits will be in km drivers? Please provide diagrams or photos. 3 Point indicators will be dog-leg, with a horizontal bar to indicate no detection _= On-street tram signal aspects will incorporate a cluster which represents the amber phase.

9 2~5164///003/A 25 Ulay 2010 130 ;Activity 3 Phase 1 Re~o~# issued flay 2010 UKTram Activity 3: Signing of Tramways and Highway Interface Mott MacDonald

b If yes, why was it necessary to use N/A non-standard signs? 9 a Are any signs not shown in TSRGD to Yes, however, these are usually a combination of elements which by be used to convey information to other themselves are in the TSRGD. See 10a for examples. road users? Please provide diagrams or photos. b If yes, what was the reason for using Existing signs do not exactly provide the correct message. However, by these signs? utilising existing plates, etc. the symbols are familiar and easily recognised. ______10 a Are any signs from TSRGD to be used 3 Sign 557 'Slippery Road Ahead' with a plate saying 'Tram Tracks'. in anon-prescribed manner (e.g.'No a Sign 616 `No Entry' with various non-standard plates ('Except Trams', Entry' with an 'Except Trams' plate)? Except Taxis &Cycles', `Except Trams, Buses, Taxis &Cycles Loading permitted 8 pm – 7 am') Replacing the 'Turn Left' text under arrow markings on roads with the text `And Buses' • Varying 1048.4 road marking to `Tram Bus Taxi (Cycle Symbol) Only' • Varying sign 958 to include pictograms for bikes and taxis __- ---- _._.—.—___~_~._T~--.. ____. __ __.._ ___. ______.__. b If yes, what is the reason for their As 9b use? 11 a Are any non-standard or innovative There are no pedestrianised sections. markings to be used for on-street, pedestrianised sections of the tramway? b Are any non-standard or innovative Non-standard Yellow boxes markings to be used at junctions involving the tramway and highway? c If yes, what is the reason for their To ensure clearway for tram trying to avoid traffic queuing back across use? its path. _ __ 12 a What particular signs and markings Yellow sign with black writing `Pedestrians Cross on Green Man Only' are to be used to aid the safety of The council are pushing for signalised pedestrian crossings across a pedestrians on and around the tram only section at Newhaven, as it is near a signalised pedestrian system? crossing of the road. This is being resisted. In fact, the design at present has many more signalised crossings of the tramway than other UK ______Tramways. 13 a What signs, markings and special ~ Lozenge tactiles on all platform edges pavements are to be used to guide the ;: glisters for all pedestrian crossings disabled (e.g. in pedestrianised areas, symbol to indicate where at segregated crossing points)? ~ Corduroy tiles on platforms with a disabled the doors are Due to the World Heritage Status of the area, contrasting grey units will be utilised, rather than the buff/red normally specified. Contrast platform edging 14 a What particular signs and markings Generally, cyclists will be encouraged to utilise alternative routes (with are to be used to aid the safety of additional signage and publication of relevant information). However, cyclists on and around the system? there will also be hazard signs such as the `Slippery Road Ahead' sign with a 'Tram Tracks' plate. Markings to guide cyclists to cross at preferred angles are being considered at signalised junctions. ______

255164///003/A 25 iliiay 2010 ~ 3~ 1 Activity 3 Phase 1 Report Issued flay 2010 UKTram Activity 3: ~1n Signing of Tramways and Highway interface Mott MacDonald

15 a What methods are to be used to There will be no marked cycle lanes passing on-street tram stops prevent conflict between cyclists and trams when a cycle lane passes an on-street Uam stop? 16 a Are any public information campaigns Yes, via Spokes (the Lothian Cycle Campaign)and local schools planned to try to improve the safety of pedestrians or cyclists prior to the opening of the system? 17 a Is pedestrian and cyclist safety Yes(Transdev to confirm) intended to form part of driver training?

18 a Is special paving to be used on the s Imprinted asphalt system (e.g. coloured surfacing, ,Anti-ski paving at junctions (including some upgrading of areas deterrent paving, anti-skid)? Please covered) specify types. Buff coloured surfacing for tram only lanes. b Pyramid deterrent paving b Why was special paving chosen for Achieving Safety requirements, both to comply with the Road Safety these areas? Audit findings and also to comply with ORR guidelines Achieving planning approvals. To stop pedestrians using pinch points

i 255154///003/A 25 tNay 2D10 132 j activity s Prase 1 Report issued May 2010