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A General History of Birds

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A General History of Birds 1/1 B RAR.Y OF THE UNIVERSITY Of ILLINOIS cl598>.2 L3*ge $:, NATURAL HISTORY Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/generalhistoryof07lath GENERAL HISTORY OF BIRDS. BY JOHN LATHAM, M.D. F.R.S. A.S. and L.S. Acad. C*s. Nat. Curios. Reg. Holm, et Soc. Nat. Scut. Berolin. 4c. 4c. vol. vir. WINCHESTER: PRINTED BY JACOB AND JOHNSON, FOR THE AUTHOR :—SOLD IN LONDON BY G. AND W. B. WHITTAKER, AVE-MARI A-LANE ; JOHN WARREN, BOND-STREET, W. WOOD, 428, STRAND J. ; AND MAWMAN, 39, LUDGATE-STHEET. 1823 - Ll^ ORDER III. PASSERINE. (continued. GENUS XLIX—WARBLER. 1 Nightingale Warbler 21 Blue-necked 45 Wheat-Ear A White Nightingale A Var. A Grey ditto 2 Greater N. 22 Caffrarian B Cinereous ditto 3 Silky A Var. C Dwina 4 Pettichaps 23 Russian 46 Russet Wheat-ear 5 Barred 24 Grasshopper 47 Black-eared ditto 6 Lesser 25 Danubian 48 Rufous ditto 7 Black-cap 26 Sedge 49 Cape ditto A Varied ditto 27 Dartford 50 Pileated B Columbaude A Var. 51 Cream-coloured 8 Dalmatian 28 Carteian 52 Stone-chat 9 Reed Wren 29 Sardinian A Var. 10 Bog-rush W. 30 Marmora B Var. 11 Marsh 31 Rufous 53 Sibyl 12 Cetti's 32 Natterer's A Var. 13 Hedge 33 Redbreast 54 Provence 14 Redstart A Var. 55 Spotted A Var. 34 Rufous-throated 56 Ash-crowned B Var. 35 Whiskered 57 Wren 15 Tithys 36 Double-streaked 58 Gold-crested Wren 16 Grey Redstart 37 White-tailed Redbreast 59 Fire-crested ditto 17 Redtail A Var. 60 Flowery 18 Black Redtail 38 White-throat 61 Leucornele A Var. 39 Stoparola 62 Black and white B Var. 40 Lesser White-throat 63 Wood Wren C Var. 41 Gooda 64 Swamp Wren 19 Chestnut-bellied 42 Virescent 65 Yellow Wren A Var. 43 Green-backed A Scotch Wren 20 Blue-throated 44 Whin-Chat 66 Tailor VOL. VII. B 2 WARBLER. 07 Olive-backed 107 Rufous-crowned 143 White-crowned 68 Tawny-rumped 108 Melodious 144 Pink 69 Aquatic 109 Black-crowned 145 Olive 70 Babbling 110 Black-hooded 146 Green Indian 71 White-breasted 111 Cape A Quadricolor 72 Epicurean A Var. 147 Cingalese 73 Fig-eater 112 Shrubby 148 Black-necked 74 Passerine 113 Buff-rumped 149 Cambrian 75 Subalpine 114 Tractrac 150 Guzurat 76 Gibraltar 115 White-eyed 151 Plumbeous 77 Fantail A Var. 152 Asiatic 78 Mediterranean 116 Spectacle A Var. 79 Siberian 117 Ciliary 153 Etherial 80 Yellow-browed 118 Sooty 154 China 81 Gilt-throat A Var. 155 Bourbon 82 Moor 119 Coromandel 156 Maurice A Var. 120 Philippine A Var. 83 Blue-tailed 121 Wave-tailed 157 Livid 84 Dauurian 122 Rufous-tailed 158 Black-backed 85 Sultry 123 Sharp-tailed 159 Susan 86 Senegal 124 Great-tailed 160 Persian 87 Citron-bellied 125 Citron 161 Dwarf 8S Rufous-sided 126 Red-rumped A Var. 89 Undated 127 Azure B Var. 90 Dusky 128 Superb 162 Black-headed 91 Flaxen A Var. 163 Bonnet A Var. B Var. 164 Buff-headed 92 All-black 129 Slender-tailed 165 Exile 93 Commander 130 Manilla 166 Yellow-vented 94 Madagascar 131 Harrison's 167 Streaked 95 Choirister 132 Long-tailed 168 Terrene 96 Piping A Var. 169 Gold-bellied 97 Strutting B Var. 170 Ruddy 98 Prattling 133 Rusty-shouldered 171 New-Holland 99 Isabella 134 Gauze-tailed 172 Chaste 100 Familiar 135 African 173 White-tailed 101 Luzonian 136 Soft-tailed 174 Crimson-breasted A Var. 137 Orange-rumped A Var. 102 Dark 138 Mountaineer 175 Rusty-side 103 Namaqua 139 Batavian 176 Wreathed 104 Flame-coloured 140 Fenny 177 Botany-Bay 105 Thoracic 141 Foodkey 178 Rufous-vented 106 Rufous-bellied 142 Red-vented 179 Citrine WARBLER. 3 ISO Long-legged 215 Quebec 252 Grey-throated 181 Long-shanked 216 Jamaica 253 Murine 182 Equinoctial 217 Worm-eater 254 Blue 1S3 Indigo 218 Tennese 255 Blue Indian 184 Rusty-headed 219 Mourning 256 Guira 185 Buff-faced 220 Hooded 257 Ferruginous 186 Black-jawed A Louisiane 258 Pensile 187 White-collared 221 Cowled 259 Spectacle A Var. 222 Blackburnian 260 Guiana Red-tail 188 Long-billed 223 White-poll 261 Rufous-tail 189 Awatcha 224 Caerulean 262 Ruddy-tail 190 Patagonian 225 Spotted-tailed 263 Rush A Var. 226 Gold-winged 264 Simple 191 Thorn-tailed 227 Yellow-vented 265 Equatorial 192 Magellanic 228 Streaked-crowned A Var. 193 Shore 229 Grisly 266 Greenish 194 Caspian 230 St. Domingo 267 Louisiane Wren 195 Red-headed 231 Pine A Var. 196 Yellow-poll 232 Green 268 Plata 197 Carolina 233 Hang-nest A Var. 198 Prairie 234 White-chinned 269 Barred-tail 199 New-York 235 Palm 270 Great Wren 200 Spotted yellow 236 Banana 271 Brown A Var. 237 Cayenne 272 Savannah 201 Umbrose A Blue Manakin 273 Gold-naped 202 Golden-crowned B Var. 274 Ruby-crowned A Var. C Var. 275 Regai 203 Yellow-rumped 238 Blue-headed 276 Grey A Var. 239 Paraguan 277 Yellow-fronted 204 Belted 240 Blue-striped 278 Rufous and white 205 Grasset 241 Green and white 279 Rufous-necked 206 Yellow-throated 242 Brown-throated 280 Yellow-shouldered 207 Orange-throated 243 Yellow-backed 281 Nashville 208 Cape May 244 Grey-poll 282 Kentucky 209 Yellow-breasted 245 Black-poll 283 Connecticut A Var. 246 Orange-headed 284 Autumnal 210 Yellow-bellied 247 Orange-bellied 285 Bay-breasted 211 Black-throated 248 Prothonotary 286 Black and yellow 212 Blue-grey 249 Crested 287 Blue-green 213 Bloody-side 250 Half-collared 288 Pine-Swamp 214 Red-throated 251 Olive-brown 289 Mountain B 2 WARBLER. 290 Hemlock 293 Javan 296 Gular 291 Bearded 294 Chret 297 Olivaceous 292 Tawny-bellied 295 Grey-headed 298 Bush -OIRDS of this Genus have a slender and weak bill.* Nostrils small, a little depressed. Tongue, in general, cloven. The exterior toe joined, at the under part, to the base of the middle one. This Genus, and that of the Wagtail, are blended by Linnasus; but are here separated, from their differing in manners. Warblers perch on trees for the most part, and proceed by leaps, rarely running,! and seldom emit any noise in flight : they are most numerous of any, and the greater part inhabit the warmer regions, where insects of all kinds abound, on which they principally feed. Some birds, included under the head of Warblers, seem allied to the Flycatchers, and perhaps, when more fully known, may prove to be such. We have made every effort, in respect to the above numerous list, to discriminate the several Species as such ; but it must not be won- dered at, if many, supposed to be distinct, may hereafter prove to be merely Varieties, or incomplete in plumage; or that several, from our present incomplete knowledge of them, may have been described twice, under different appellations. 1—NIGHTINGALE WARBLER. Sylvia Luscinia, Ind. Orn. ii. 506. Scop.'i. No. 227. Motacilla Luscinia, Lin. i. p. 328. Faun. suec. No. 244. Gm. Lin i. 950. Brun. No. 270. Mu/ler, No. 265. Kramer, 376. 10. Frisch, t. 21. Faun. arag. p. 87* Sepp. Vog. t. p. 123. Rati, 78. A. 2. Will. 161. t. 41. Btis. iii. 397. Id. 8vo. i. 420. Borowsk. iii. 185. Klein, 73. 1. Id. Stem. 13. 1. 16. 1. a. b. Id. Ov. 24. t. 10. 5. Geriti. iv. t. 400. 2. Tern. Man. d'Om. p. 105. Id. Ed. ii. p. 195. * In many, there is a slight notch near the tip of the under mandible. j- The Wheatear, and some few others, are an exception to this. WARBLER. O Le Rossignol, Buf. v. 81. pi. 6. 1. PI. enl. 615. 2. Hist. Prov. i. 498. Voy. en Barb. i. 273. Rusignuolo, Z'mnan. Uov. 54. t. 8. f. 42. 0/i«. (7c. t. p. 1. L'Usignuolo, Cet. uc. Sard. 214. Nachtigall, Gunth. Nest. 65. Wirs. Vog. t. 55. Naturf. xvii. 98. Sckmid, Vog. p. 87. t. 72. Nightingale, Gen. Si/n. iv. 408. It/. Su/>. 180. Id. Sup. ii. 233. Br. Zool. No. 154. /rf./o/. 100. t. S. 1. f. 2. Id. Ed. 1812. p. 494. Arct. Zool. ii. 416. A. Collins, Birds, pi. 10. f. 5. 6. Albin, iii. pi. 53. Jd. Son"- Birds, pi. p. 67. i?;<M. -4/e/>. p. 7. Kcempf. Jap. 130. JFitf. £?«§/. 220 pi. 41. Gent. Mag. 22. pi. p. 265. Bewick, i. pi. p. 199. Shatv's Zool. x. 576. pi. 51. Lewin, iii. t. 99. Walcot,'\\. pi. 229. Pult. Dors. p. 8. Donov. v. pi. 108. Wood's Zoogr. i. p. 4S6. Oro. Z)ici. # Supp. THE Nightingale is rather superior in size to most of the British ; Warblers the length nearly seven inches, extent of wing nine ; weight three quarters of an ounce. Bill brown ; irides hazel ; head and upper parts pale tawny, with an olive hue, beneath pale ash- colour; towards the vent nearly white; quills brown, margined with reddish brown ; tail deep tawny; legs cinereous brown. The female rather smaller, otherwise like the male. This bird is very common in England, but does not extend to the more northern counties, and rarely far to the western. It generally arrives in the middle of April, or at farthest the beginning of May.* Yorkshire is the most northern part it is seen in ; and to the west very rarely in Devonshire and Cornwall. | The males come first, and in a week or ten days after the females.
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