Hydrographic Surveying
• Introduction of Speaker • Definition • Applications • Echo sounding • Sounding equipment • Survey vessels • Dredging equipment • Software – Data Processing • Tidal Datums • Projects • Education • ACSM/ THSOA Hydrographer Certification • Links
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Introduction of Speaker
Juergen Brunkhorst
Hometown: Rotenburg (W.) College: Hamburg Employment: Wilhelmshaven and Rostock
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Definition
Hydrography is the branch of applied sciences which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, coastal areas, lakes and rivers, as well as with the prediction of their change over time, for the primary purpose of safety of navigation and in support of all other marine activities, including economic development, security and defence, scientific research, and environmental protection. (International Hydrographic Organization )
The scientific description and analysis of the physical conditions, boundaries, flow, and related characteristics of the earth's surface waters.
The mapping of bodies of water.
Bathymetry The measurement of the depth of bodies of water • Underwater topo • Features and breaklines not visible
Widseth Smith Nolting & Assoc., Inc. Applications
• Safe and efficient operation of maritime traffic control • Charting • Port management • Dredging and coastal engineering (Navigation, Cleanup – Fox River, WI) • Beach Replenishment • Exploration and Exploitation of Marine Resources • Utility lines – offshore wind farm • Marine archaeology • Other marine scientific purposes • Coastal Zone Management • Environmental Protection • Maritime Defense
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Conventional
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Echo sounding
Principle
• Sonar • Transducer • Depth = Speed of Sound x Travel time x 0.5 • Speed of Sound in Water is approx. 1,500 m/s (salinity, temperature) • Compare to Air: 340 m/s • Probe or Bar check
Equipment
• Single-beam • Multibeam • Sub-bottom profiler • Side scan sonar
Widseth Smith Nolting & Assoc., Inc. Survey Methods
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Single-beam
Single-beam echo sounders collect discrete data points along survey track lines.
• Commonly available • Low cost • Portable • Easy deployment • Dual frequency (200 kHz/33kHz) • Highly accurate • 200 kHz – 1cm (0.1% of depth value) • 33 kHz – 10cm (0.1% of depth value)
HydroLite-TM (Professional Surveyor Magazine Sep 2010)
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Multibeam
Widseth Smith Nolting & Assoc., Inc. Sub-bottom profiler
Identify and measure various marine sediment layers that exist below the sediment/water interface.
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Side scan sonar
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Survey Boats/Vessels
POB - March 28, 2011
Widseth Smith Nolting & Assoc., Inc. Backhoe Dredger
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Backhoe Dredger
• Up to 65 meters long • Bucket capacity of up to 40 m 3 • Maximum digging depth of 32 m
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Mechanical Dredge
Widseth Smith Nolting & Assoc., Inc. Bucket Dredger
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Cutter Dredger
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Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger
Widseth Smith Nolting & Assoc., Inc. Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger
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Software - Survey
Data Input
• Position • Depth • Heading • Tide • Heave
Background
• DXF • Chart • Planned lines
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Software - Processing
• Filter Outliers • Apply Sound Velocity, Tide, Draft, Heave
Widseth Smith Nolting & Assoc., Inc. Data Processing
Vertical Datum – Tide Readings
Motion Sensors Gyros and accelerometers for real time motion measurements.
LAT = Lowest Astronomical Tide
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Tidal Datums
(vs. NAVD 88/NGVD 29)
LAT = Lowest Astronomical Tide
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Software – Backhoe Dredger
Widseth Smith Nolting & Assoc., Inc. Software – Cutter Dredger
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Software – Hopper Dredger
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Project – Cape Town
Widseth Smith Nolting & Assoc., Inc. Project – Terschelling
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Project – Terschelling
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Project – Rostock
Widseth Smith Nolting & Assoc., Inc. Project – Minden
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Education
Durham, NH
Ocean Mapping options on the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy degrees in Ocean Engineering and Earth Sciences
The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS One-year program - Master's degree in hydrographic science
University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
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Hydrographer Certification
American Congress on Surveying & Mapping (ACSM) • NSPS Certified Survey Technician (CST) • BLM Certified Federal Surveyor (CFeds) • Certified Floodplain Surveyor (CFS)
ACSM/THSOA Hydrographer Certification is well-recognized and considered by many Federal, State and local agencies as well as private firms, seeking subcontractors when evaluating technical proposals for marine engineering, surveying, and construction. These include port authorities, NOAA and the Corps of Engineers. The certification program is also endorsed by The Hydrographic Society of America which provides financial support through annual contributions.
Designed for hydrographers with five years of experience, ACSM/THSOA Certification authenticates your work experience and gives credence to your resume. Earn certification through examinations offered throughout the year.
Widseth Smith Nolting & Assoc., Inc. Links
International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) http://www.iho.int Category A – Most advanced standard of training Category B – Aimed at technician level
The Hydrographic Society of America (THSOA) http://www.thsoa.org
Western Dredging Association (WEDA) http://www.westerndredging.org
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Contact
Juergen Brunkhorst, LS, CH [email protected]
Widseth Smith Nolting 610 Fillmore St Alexandria, MN 56308
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Webography
http://2.bp.blogspot.com http://www.nan.usace.army.mil http://celebrating200years.noaa.gov http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov http://geosci.sfsu.edu http://www.nspsmo.org/ http://gralston1.home.mindspring.com http://www.oicinc.com http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov http://www.omg.unb.ca/omg/ http://ports.co.za http://www.ozcoasts.org.au http://ramsdells.net http://www.professionalmariner.com http://wiki.reikapaat.fi http://www.reson.com http://www.acsm.net/ http://www.schlei-ostsee-urlaub.de http://www.aquasurvey.com http://www.seafloorsystems.com http://www.ardglobal.com http://www.shipmotion.se http://www.argos-luftbild.de http://www.teara.govt.nz http://www.blythworkcats.co.uk http://www.theartofdredging.com http://www.boskalis.com http://www.thsoa.org/ http://www.ccom.unh.edu/ http://www.usm.edu/marine/ http://www.dcsc.tudelft.nl http://www.welt-atlas.de http://www.dredge.com/ http://www.westerndredging.org/ http://www.dredgingtoday.com http://www.windpowerninja.com http://www.foxriverwatch.com http://wsa-bremen.de http://www.garmin.com http://www.wsd-nordwest.de http://www.gehe-trading.de http://www.glerl.noaa.gov http://www.hypack.com/new/ http://www.ihcmerwede.com http://www.iho-ohi.net/english/home/ http://www.latitude38.com http://www.marinearchaeologists.com http://www.maritimejournal.com http://www.meridata.fi http://www.musing.nl
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