Upland Woodland

Garden ® Natural Lands Trust

4 Wild columbine 5 Wild ginger 17 Wild blue phlox 19 Mayapple 22 Christmas fern 25 Bellwort

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Design and 17 illustration by 22 Claudia Steckel.

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Shade Moist to Pollinator Dry Soil

Upland Woodland Garden Planting Plan

Native plants—species that existed in our area before human activities dominated the natural landscape—are often in competition with exotic plants for space in natural areas as well as the home garden. As the native species dwindle, animals and insects dependent upon them for food and shelter are threatened. One step you can take toward habitat restoration is to use native plants in your own landscape, creating a haven for birds, beneficial insects, and other animals.

Gardening with natives offers benefits to both the environment and your wallet, as native plants tend to be easy to grow, have relatively few pest and disease problems, and require little supplemental watering and fertilizing. This means your gardening dollars go further when you spend them on plants that are more likely to thrive, and you’ll spend less time coddling your garden plants and more time enjoying their beauty. Upland Woodland Garden Planting Plan

You don’t have to follow the plan exactly to enjoy a beautiful Upland Woodland Garden. Home gardening with native plants allows for great creativity while still supporting the insects and wildlife that call our region home. Substitute one or many of these native plants in your Upland Woodland Garden based on your preferences and the available stock at your local native plant nurseries and sales.

Suggested Plants (upland, moderately moist to dry, well-drained Suggested Woody Companion Elements soils in shade to partial shade) SHRUBS WILDFLOWERS, FERNS Witch-hazel Hamamelis virginiana 1 Black cohosh Actaea racemosa Spicebush Lindera benzoin 2 Hepatica, Liverleaf Anemone acutiloba or A. americana Black chokeberry Photinia melanocarpa 3 Wood anemone Anemone canadensis Red chokeberry Photinia pyrifolia 4 Wild columbine Aquilegia canadensis Rosebay Rhododendron maximum 5 Wild ginger Asarum canadense Maple-leaved viburnum Viburnum acerifolium 6 Lady fern Athyrium fiflix-femina Southern arrowwood Viburnum dentatum 7 Harebell Campanula rotundifolia (strictly dry) 8 Tall larkspur Delphinium exaltatum UNDERSTORY TREES 9 Shooting-star Dodecatheon meadia Hornbeam Carpinus caroliniana 10 Green-and-gold Chrysogonum virginianum (limestone) Redbud Cercis canadensis 11 Goldie’s wood fern Dryopteris goldiana Alternate-leaved dogwood Cornus alternifolia 12 Evergreen wood fern Dryopteris marginalis Flowering dogwood Cornus florida 13 Wood geranium Geranium maculatum Cockspur hawthorn Crataeagus crus-galli 14 Alum-root Heuchera americana Hop-hornbeam Ostrya virginiana 15 Virginia bluebells Mertensia virginica Bladdernut Staphylea trifolia (stoloniferous) 16 Beardtongue Penstemon canescens (strictly dry) CANOPY TREES 17 Wild blue phlox Phlox divaricata Red maple Acer rubrum 18 Creeping phlox Phlox stolonifera Sugar maple Acer saccharum 19 Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum Black birch Betula lenta 20 Solomon’s-seal Polygonatum biflorum Hickory (pignut, shagbark) Carya species (C. cordiformis, C. ovata) 21 Great Solomon’s-seal Polygonatum biflorumvar. commutatum Hackberry Celtis occidentalis 22 Christmas fern Polystichum acrostichoides American beech Fagus grandifolia 23 Zigzag goldenrod Solidago flexicaulis Tuliptree Liriodendron tulipifera 24 Trillium Trillium species White pine Pinus strobus 25 Bellwort, Merry Bells Uvularia grandiflora Oak Quercus species 26 Labrador violet Viola labradorica (white, black, northern red) (Q. alba, Q. velutina, Q. rubra) Sassafras Sassafras albidum Basswood, American linden Tilia americana Canada hemlock Tsuga canadensis American elm Ulmus americana ® Natural Lands Trust Hildacy Farm Preserve | 1031 Palmers Mill Road | Media PA 19063 | 610.353.5587

As the region’s largest land conservation organization, Natural Lands Trust saves the forests, fields, streams, and wetlands that are essential to the sustainability and quality of life in eastern Pennsylvania and southern New Jersey. Since our founding, we have preserved more than 100,000 acres, including 42 nature preserves totaling nearly 22,000 acres. Our preserves are open to the public free of charge thanks to the support of our dedicated members and funding partners.

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