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Surveillance of Priority Terrestrial Invertebrates in Scotland

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Surveillance of Priority Terrestrial Invertebrates in Scotland Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report No. 609 Surveillance of priority terrestrial invertebrates in Scotland COMMISSIONED REPORT Commissioned Report No. 609 Surveillance of priority terrestrial invertebrates in Scotland For further information on this report please contact: Athayde Tonhasca Scottish Natural Heritage Battleby Redgorton PERTH PH1 3EW Telephone: 01738 458671 E-mail: [email protected] This report should be quoted as: Littlewood, N.A. & Stockan, J.A. 2013. Surveillance of priority terrestrial invertebrates in Scotland. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report No. 609. This report, or any part of it, should not be reproduced without the permission of Scottish Natural Heritage. This permission will not be withheld unreasonably. The views expressed by the author(s) of this report should not be taken as the views and policies of Scottish Natural Heritage. © Scottish Natural Heritage 2013. COMMISSIONED REPORT Summary Surveillance of priority terrestrial invertebrates in Scotland Commissioned Report No. 609 Contractor: N.A. Littlewood & J.A. Stockan Year of publication: 2013 Background Scottish Natural Heritage has been asked by Scottish ministers to implement a strategy for the surveillance of priority habitats and species in Scotland. This report covers the development of such strategies for 55 species of non-marine invertebrates and draws extensively on expert comment from consultees with specialised knowledge of individual species covered. For each species, a report was written to present background information about the status of the species in Scotland together with issues relevant to surveillance, such as ecology, habitat and threats. This is followed by a Surveillance Methodology, outlining measures that can be taken to monitor the species in such a way as to determine trends in population size, range or status. Further information is given on five species listed on Annexes II and V of the EC Habitats Directive. For further information on this project contact: Athayde Tonhasca, Scottish Natural Heritage, Battleby, Redgorton, Perth, PH1 3EW. Tel: 01496 810711 or [email protected] For further information on the SNH Research & Technical Support Programme contact: Knowledge & Information Unit, Scottish Natural Heritage, Great Glen House, Inverness, IV3 8NW. Tel: 01463 725000 or [email protected] i Table of Contents Page 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Aim ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Species covered .................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Approach ............................................................................................................... 1 2. BACKGROUND TO SPECIES REPORTS ..................................................................... 2 2.1 Aims ...................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Distribution maps ................................................................................................... 2 2.3 References ............................................................................................................ 2 3. BACKGROUND TO SURVEILLANCE METHODOLOGIES .......................................... 4 3.1 Aims of surveillance methodologies ...................................................................... 4 3.2 Development of surveillance methodologies ......................................................... 4 4. CONSULTATION ............................................................................................................ 5 5. HABITAT & SPECIES DIRECTIVE ANNEX II AND V SPECIES ................................... 7 5.1 Hirudo medicinalis ................................................................................................. 8 5.2 Vertigo genesii ..................................................................................................... 10 5.3 Vertigo geyeri ...................................................................................................... 12 5.4 Vertigo angustior ................................................................................................. 14 5.5 Euphydryas aurinia .............................................................................................. 16 6. SPECIES OCCURRENCE BY PROTECTED AREA ................................................... 17 7. KEY AREAS FOR PRIORITY TERRESTRIAL INVERTEBRATES IN SCOTLAND .... 19 8. SPECIES REPORTS AND SURVEILLANCE METHODOLOGIES ............................. 20 Hirudo medicinalis ............................................................................................... 21 Bidessus minutissimus ........................................................................................ 25 Calosoma inquisitor ............................................................................................. 28 Cryptocephalus decemmaculatus ....................................................................... 32 Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus ............................................................................. 36 Donacia aquatica ................................................................................................. 40 Hydroporus rufifrons ............................................................................................ 44 Meloe violaceus ................................................................................................... 48 Bembidion testaceum .......................................................................................... 52 Meotica anglica ................................................................................................... 56 Philorhizus quadrisignatus .................................................................................. 60 Euphydryas aurinia .............................................................................................. 64 Hagenella clathrata ............................................................................................. 68 Andrena tarsata ................................................................................................... 72 Bombus distinguendus ........................................................................................ 76 Bombus muscorum ............................................................................................. 80 Bombus ruderarius .............................................................................................. 84 Chrysura hirsuta .................................................................................................. 88 Colletes floralis .................................................................................................... 91 Formica exsecta .................................................................................................. 95 Formicoxenus nitidulus ........................................................................................ 99 Osmia inermis ................................................................................................... 103 Osmia parientina ............................................................................................... 107 Osmia uncinata ................................................................................................. 111 ii Megalomus hirtus .............................................................................................. 115 Baetis niger ....................................................................................................... 119 Brachyptera putata ............................................................................................ 123 Blera fallax ......................................................................................................... 127 Botanophila fonsecai ......................................................................................... 131 Cliorismia rustica ............................................................................................... 135 Clusiodes geomyzinus ...................................................................................... 139 Doros profuges .................................................................................................. 143 Hammerschmidtia ferriginea ............................................................................. 147 Lipsothrix ecucullata .......................................................................................... 151 Lipsothrix errans ................................................................................................ 155 Lipsothrix nervosa ............................................................................................. 159 Lonchaea ragnari .............................................................................................. 163 Rhabdomastix japonica ..................................................................................... 167 Rhamphomyia hirtula ........................................................................................ 170 Vertigo genesii ................................................................................................... 175 Vertigo geyeri .................................................................................................... 179 Vertigo angustior ..............................................................................................
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