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Pubiished by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., I I c. a fraternal non-profit association| rainian у Vol. LV No. 11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCHH 15, 1987 25 cent3 Deschenes report is released Terelia declares hunger strike Government proposes 'Canadian' solution in family's emigration appeal by Michael B. Bociurkiw be unsubstantiated. The commission JERSEY C1TY, N.J. -Yosyp Tere­ recommended that over 600 cases be lia, the newly released dissident and OTTAWA - The report of the closed immediately. leading figure of the underground Deschenes Commission of 1nquiry on There are 238 active files that the Ukrainian Catholic Church in Ukraine, War Criminals was released here on Deschenes Commission did not close. has reportedly been on a hunger strike March 12, along with a response by the Twenty-nine cases, including names of since February 22 apparently protesting Canadian government on the best ways suspects, were included in a confidential the refusal of Soviet authorities to allow to bring war criminals to justice. report to the Cabinet. Nine of these his family to file for emigration from the The Canadian government said it is cases, however, are recommended to be USSR, according to the Moscow sour­ going to implement what it refers to as closed. ces contacted by the Human Rights *'a made-in-Canada solution," in­ The reaction of Ukrainian commu­ Commission of the Wor1d Congress of volving the following: nity representatives to these develop­ Free Ukrainians. ^ amendment of the Canadian cri­ ments was favorable. Representatives Dissident sources in Moscow recently minal code to allow war crimes and of the Simon Wiesenthal Center, how­ told HRC executive director Christina crimes against humanity to be tried in ever, voiced serious reservations. 1sajiw that Mr. Terelia, who returned to Canada; The opposition parties support the his home in Dovhe, in the Transcarpa- ^ allocation of sufficient resources to Mulroney government's response, but thian region of Ukraine, in mid-Fe­ the Royal Canadian Mounted Police are sceptical whether the government bruary, appealed to local authorities to and Justice Department to carry out will move quickly. allow him and his wife, 01ena, and their investigations of suspected war crimi­ The report was prepared by Quebec three children to leave the country. The nals; Superior Court Justice Jules Deschenes, authorities evidently refused to even * tightening of immigration screen­ who was appointed by the governnpient allow him to file emigration papers and ing procedures. in February 1985 to determine how the 43-year-old longtime political pri­ The government response came im­ many war criminals entered Canada, soner declared a hunger strike be­ mediately following the release of the how they got here, and what can be ginning February 22 to protest. He Deschenes report, which gave the done to bring them to justice. Yosyp Terelia vowed to continue the fast until his some political prisoners serving terms following three key recommendations: The release of the report was delayed appeal was granted. * amendment of the Canadian crimi­ several weeks after the government for "anti-Soviet agitation and propa­ nal code; concluded that the public section need­ Mr. Terelia, a leader of the 1nitiative ganda" (Article 70 of the RSFSR * streamlining of denaturalization ed to be edited because it included too Group for the Defense of the Rights of Criminal Code). and deportation procedures; many deta'ils that might make it possible Believers and the Church, a Ukrainian Ms. 1sajiw told The Weekly on * expansion of Canada's traditional to identify suspects. Catholic rights committee that describes March 11 that her Moscow, sources laws and practices to make the extradi­ The judge's report, delivered to the itself as a Helsinki monitoring group, expressed concern over what they tion of individuals accused of war government in late December is divided was serving a 12-year term (labor camp described as the frail health of the crimes easier to accomplish. into a 1,000-page public section, and a and internal exile) for his activities with dissident, who was apparently very ill the group, including publication of the The report said the commission inves­ confidential section naming individuals when he left the labor camp. The samvydav Chronicle of the Under­ tigated approximately 880 v^^ar crimi­ against whom Judge Deschenes recom­ sources said they sent a small packet of ground Church in Ukraine. He was nals cases, most of which were found to mends further judicial action. provisions to Mr. Terelia immediately reportedly released in early February upon hearing of his release and the under the official decrees of the Presi­ newly released dissident apparently Po/ice investigators testify at Demjanjul( trial dium of the Supreme Soviet pardoning (Continued on page 2) Special to Svoboda and The Weekly mander of the National Unit for Crimi­ nal Investigation, Israeli Police. Mr. BaIts, Ukrainians meet with Meese JERUSALEM - Two Israeli police Ish-Shalom had testified on Thursday, investigators and another survivor of March 5. the Treblinka death camp testified here Under the defense's questioning Mr. to discuss concerns about OSI at the trial of former Cleveland auto­ Ish-Shalom admitted that the six-man by Mariannf^ Liss Coming days before the possible worker John Demjanjuk during the team of investigators who had interro­ deportation to the Soviet Union of Karl fourth week of the proceedings, March gated Mr. Demjanjuk in Ayalon Prison, CH1CAGO - After 18 months of Linnas, who was stripped of his U.S. 9-12. attempted to pressure him into making Justice Department silence, Attorney citizenship and is accused of Nazi war The week's session began with the a confession. He admitted that they General Edwin Meese finally agreed to crimes, the meeting covered this case as cross-examination on Monday, March threatened the prisoner with statements meet with leaders of national organi­ well as concerns about reliance on 9, of Alex Ish-Shalom, assistant com- such as, "You're not in Treblinka now, zations that are critical of the de­ Soviet evidence. but in 1srael — in our hands." partment's Office of Special 1nvesti­ The delegation stated that, whether Costa Rica to extradite 1n response to a question from the gations. Mr. Linnas is guilty or innocent, de­ chief defense counsel, Mark O'Connor, Dr. Myron Kuropas, vice-president portation to the USSR is totally un- Koziy to Soviet |]ni0Il about how many hours one interroga­ of the Ukrainian National Association, exceptable. 1t would leave the im­ who was present at the March 5 meeting, pression in the eyes of the wor1d that the NEW YORK - The Supreme Court tion session lasted, the policeman said all this is documented and "you can characterized it as a significant one. U.S. recognizes the Soviet system as a of Costa Rica has decided to extradite fair one, equal in legitimacy to its own. Bohdan Koziy, formerly of the United figure this out yourself." 1n many other Other members of the delegation Delegation members said they hope for States, to the Soviet Union on charges instances, Mr. Ish-Shalom evaded were Tony Mazeika, president of the quick enactment of legislation which of war crimes. questions posed or stated simply that he Coalition for Constitutional Justice and could not recall. Security, Mari-Ann Rikken, vice­ will allow those accused of World War The court's decision was to be re­ 11 crimes to be tried in the U.S. leased Friday, March I3(as The Weekly During cross-examination the pre­ president of Estonian American National was going to press), said New York sence of Aryeh Kaplan, a policeman Council, Rasa Razgaitis, coordinator Attorney General Meese made four attorney Askold Lozynskyj. who posed as a prison guard, was and vice-president of Americans for main points: Mr. Lozynskyj urged that telegrams discussed. Mr. 1sh-Shalom stated that Due Process, Ojars Kalnins, public protesting the planned extradition be Mr. Kaplan was to call a special secret relations director of the American * He had not yet made a decision on sent to the president of Costa Rica, phone number whenever he felt it was Latvian Association, and Stanley Gecys, whether Mr. Linnas would be Oscar Arias, at Casa Presidencial, necessary to report something and that president of the Lithuanian American deported to the USSR if no other Zapote, San Jose, Costa Rica. (Continued on page 10) Community, 1nc. (Continued on page 2) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987 No.11

BaIts, Ukrainians... carefully to their presentations. A GLIMPSE OF SOVIET REALITY Ms. Razgaitis said she was surprised (Continued from page 1) at his attentive questions. She was able country agrees to accept him. (Mr. to speak in depth about the newspaper Linnas had been given 30 days, ending articles, giving the attorney general The Koristivka collision; an analysis March 15, to find another country where more examples of irregularities in place at Znamenky (Kirovohrad 0b­ he could be deported). Soviet depositions and assuring him Part I of two parts that she had concrete prof. "We cannot last). Subsequently, the results of both ^ He has no objection to legislation by David R. Marples convocations were examined by the afford to deal in rhetoric, we must deal that would provide for war crimes trials with facts," she said. Odessa administration itself, which was in the United States. A government-level investigation has jurisdiction over rail transport in this The OSI, on the other hand, had revealed some alarming facts concern­ whole area. * He said he would appoint a special dismissed these examples by saying that ing the administration and operation of Initially, the chief question raised was liaison person from the Justice De­ there were no problems with Soviet­ Soviet railways. Because of the current how such "scandalous indiscipline" and partment, (not from the Office of supplied depositions or evidence. policy of more open reporting in the "criminal irresponsibility" could have Special 1nvestigations) to meet with Ms. Rikken echoed Ms. Razgaitis' press, we now have a fairly detailed been permitted to occur, i.e., how East Europeans about their concerns picture surrounding the rail disaster impressions about the meeting, but was could Mr. Halushchenko and his de­ and then report back directly to the more cautious, especially regarding the that occurred in Ukraine on November puty have fallen asleep with responsibi­ attorney general. 6, 1986. In particular, two major articles Justice Department liaison, saying: "It lity for so many lives in their hands. will depend on who is appointed." The in the government daily. Izvestia (No­ Evidently, however, the public soon * He said he would look into Los vember 13, 1986 and February 5, 1987) Angeles Times and Washington Post situation will be better, she concedes, raised protests over what the initial since the ethnic leaders will not be have focused both on the collision and investigation had called the "firm rules" allegations of impropriety in denatu~ on other problems that currently per­ ralization proceedings and depositions forced to speak to the very office against governing the driving of trains. which they have a grievance. vade rail transport. 1ndeed, these rules have an anti­ in such cases. The collision occurred at Koristivka, quated touch: whoever notes the signals She said she was a little perturbed by the station located at the village of Dr. Kuropas said he that Mr. Meese's of the next lights along the route, it was statements regarding war crimes le­ what she perceived as an attempt by Potopopivka. The latter has a population stated, must shout loudly. "I see red!" someone at the Justice Department to over 4,000 and is situated about six gislation and the special lisison were the or "I see green!" The deputy must then most important ones for the ethnic prevent the media from getting in­ miles northwest of the raion center of confirm this information, in short, there formation about their meeting. Several Oleksandra, in Kirovohrad 0blast. communities. was very little provision in the regula­ "We are not interested in protecting reporters told her they were misin­ Although not a major stopping point, tions for human error (let alone drivers formed about the meeting by the Justice Koristivkii is on the much-frequented war criminals, as Eli Rosenbaum of the sleeping). Wor1d Jewish Congress contends. All Department — they were told that it Kiev-Donetske route. At first, the investigation revealed was not being held, or that it was Train No. 638, the Ugolek, was in fact we are interested in is due process," he that Mr. Halushchenko — who had in explained. scheduled for the next day. travelling along this route, while No. fact handed over control to Mr. Shy­ 635 was on a journey from Krivyi Rih to 1n contrast to previous meetings with Despite the incident, Ms. Rikken has shko before arrival at Koristivka — OS1 officials which Dr. Kuropas and Kiev. Both approached the Koristivka "had been distracted from the fulfill­ noted a watershed in media interest and station from opposite sides just before 3 others termed hostile, the participants coverage of the issue. A month ago, the ment of his duties." But before long, he felt that the attorney general listened a.m. on the morning of November 6. had been elevated to the chief culprit for topic was unmentionable, except as, she The station master, E. Nesterenko, the disaster. Some at the Odessa meet­ said, from a very narrow viewpoint. and the controller, S. Dudnyk, decided ing felt that he was a worthless driver, Terelia... Following the meeting many smaller to allow Ugolek to advance through the newspapers picked up the story from who had not been properly trained. He (Continued from page 1) station without delay. Both trains were had "elbowed his way" into his job and the Associated Press news service, and behind schedule. Train No. 635 was his period of probation as a driver had signed a receipt for the packet. the CNN Network featured Ms. Rikken ordered to ^it for 4he.green signal been reduced. Having arrived at the Mr. Terelia suffers from liver and and Mr. Mazeika, from the Coalition before advancing. The driver of the "Taras Shevchenko" depot (where heart ailments and old spinal injuries, for Constitutional Justice and Security, Ugolek accordingly moved forward, drivers are trained) in 1960, Mr. Ha­ which were seriously aggravated by the on several shows, Mr. Mazeika was reducing his speed to pass through the lushchenko drove diesel trains, became extremely cold temperatures at the featured on the talk show "Larry King station. However, the driver of train head of the depot and an instructor. labor camp, the sources told Ms. 1sajiw. Live." No. 635, A. Halushchenko, a man with 1n May 1986, Mr. Halushchenko had Ms. 1sajiw also said her sources But now her and the others'attention some 27 years of service on the railways, been transferred from dieseIs to the complained of great difficulty in com­ has turned to pressing for war crimes was asleep, and his deputy, A. Shyshko, more lucrative position as a driver of municating with Mr. Terelia, which trials legislation. Ms. Rikken urged the was dozing fitfully. Neither saw the red electric trains, but had to be suspended they blamed on local authorities who public to send mailgrams and letters to signal. Mr. Shyshko, according to his for retraining when it was clear that he they believed were deliberately confis­ congressmen and senators asking that own accout, was "dead to the wor1d" at had a very limited knowledge of electri­ cating all correspondence to and from war crime trials be held in the United the time. cal equipment and could not carry out the Terelia household in order to silence States and not in other countries. "We Neither train was travelling at a great (or supervise) the most elementary his protests. can live with the results of trials in the speed — the Ugolek moved forward at repair work. The retaining occupied "The authorities have placed a virtual U.S.," she said. (To have a message sent about 24 miles per hour. No. 635 at him from the end of August until early wall around Mr. Terelia," said Ms. to your legislators in the Congress, call about 20 miles per hour, but in the October. During the 1981-1986period, Isajiw in a telephone interview with The 1-800-325-6000 and ask for operator darkness there was no time to apply however, he had evidently been re­ Weekly. 9091. Callers will be asked to provide brakes, nor was there any realization on gistered with a narcotics doctor, which Ms. 1sajiw said she believes the their names, phone numbers and zip the part of the drivers Ihat at the suggests he had a serious drug addiction prospects of the Terelia family gaining codes). approach to the station the switching of problem. permission to emigrate were poor Dr. Kuropas agreed that ethnic tracks had put both trains on the same As for his deputy, Mr. Shyshko had because of the new Soviet law regarding communities, and the Ukrainian line. not slept during the daytime hours of emigration from the USSR that went community, has to get this legislation. The resulting collision and wreckage November 5, because he had "insuffi­ into effect January 1. The law limits "We have a way out now," he observed, were described by S. Soloviev, the chief cient time" to do so before taking the departure to only those who have "with the introduction of such legi­ inspector of safety with the Ministry of train along the Krivyi Rih-Kiev route. immediate family abroad. slation. But we have to move quickly." Communications, as the worst and This again was said to be in direct most horrible he had ever witnessed in a contravention of the rules, although one long career. Twenty minutes after it would assume that such a rule is some­ occurred, a mining rescue team arrived what difficult to enforce. As a result of FOUNDED 1933 from Oleksandra, and machines for the collision, Mr. Halushchenko was Ukrainian WeeI:I1 penetrating the wreckage were "or­ sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment dered" from Znamenky and Kirovoh­ and Mr. Shyshko to 12. An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National rad. "Hundreds" of medical personnel The problems, however, lay some­ arrived [the only indication of the Association Inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. what deeper. 1t was said that the Shev­ 07302. magnitude of the casualty list], and chenkivsky section of the railroad has spent three hours providing medical aid not been "occupied seriously" with the Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, N.J. 07302. to the injured. A further three hours selection of engine drivers. Passenger (ISSN-0273-9348) transpired before the line was reopened. trains are being driven by third- and Dawn saw the arrival of the scene of fourth-class drivers, while the "locomo­ Yearly subscription rate: |8; for UNA members - S5. the Ukrainian SSR's First Deputy tive brigades" often remove the "auto­ Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language dally newspaper. Minister of Communications U. Hynko, stops" from the lines, i.e., the devices providing automatic control over the Tfie Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: and members of the hastily appointed (201) 434-0237. -0807, -30З6 (201)451-2200 government commission, led by Deputy actions of the driver. Over 80 cases of Chairman of the Ukrainian Council of such removal were evidently discovered Postmaster, send address Editor: Roma Hadzewycz Ministers, 0. Khmych. An analysis of "over the current period." changes to: Assistant Editors: Natalia A. Feduschak the reasons for the accident was pro­ The safety inspector of the train The Ukrainian Weekly Chrystyna N. Lapychak vided "after a detailed study" of the service, U. Mirgorodsky, the head of P.O. Box 346 events leading to the catastrophe, under that service, U. Kuiieshov, and the Jersey City, N.J. 07303 Canadian Correspondent: Michael B. Bociurkiw the auspices of the Shevchenkivsky inspector of work safety, U. Latsenko section of the Odessa railroad ad­ were said to be complaining that their The Ukrainian Weekly. March 15.1987. No. 11. Vol. LV ministration. Over 700 people were rules were not being followed by subor- Copyright 1987 by The Шгаіпіап Weekly present, while a similar gathering took (Continued on page 1G) No. 11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987

Ukrainian community leaders discuss Matlock is "old hand" on USSR WASHINGTON - Jack F. tlock was on Africa's east coast — issues witli new ambassador to USSR Matlock, Jr., 57 the next American first as principal officer on the island WASHINGTON - Jack Matlock, remarks in Ukrainian. ambassador in Moscow, has been a of Zanzibar, Tanzania, then as de­ whom President Ronald Reagan Metropolitan Mstyslav, head of the career diplomat for more than 30 puty to the ambassador in Tanzania's nominated as the next American Ukrainian Orthodox Church, who took years — with several assignments in capital, Dar es Salaam. ambassador to the Soviet Union, met part in the luncheon meeting, assured the Soviet Union and Eastern He returned to Washington in with a group of Ukrainian leaders Ambassador Matlock that he and his Europe, but also in Africa. 1970 to attend a yearlong senior March 3 for a round-table discussion of staff could call on the metropolitan for 1n 1950, when he wasn4 quite 21, seminar in foreign policy, then for U.S. foreign policy issues. any advice or clarification of religious Mr. Matlock graduated from Duke the next three years was director of The meeting, arranged by Dr. issues. University in his native North the Office of Soviet Union Affairs at William Courtney, U.S. consul general­ Carolina and headed north to the State Department. Metropolitan Stephen Sulyk, arch­ Columbia University in New York Mr. Matlock's second tour of duty designate to Kiev, was held over lunch bishop of the Ukrainian Catholic in one of the diplomatic reception where he began his studies toward a in Moscow came in 1974: for four Church, congratulated Ambassador master's degree and the Russian years he was deputy chief of the rooms of the State Department. Matlock on his nomination by In his opening remarks, Ambassador Institute (now Harriman Institute) mission - number two after the am­ President Reagan, and expressed Certificate, while working as tran­ bassador. Matlock noted that assuming the particular gratitude for the recent Senate confirms his nomination (the slator-editor on the Current Digest Mr. Matlock spend the 1978-79 publication by the State Department of of the Soviet Press. academic year in Nashville, Tenn.,as meeting was held two days before his a special report on the Ukrainian scheduled Senate Foreign Relations Three years later, with a Columbia diplomat-in-residence at Vanderbilt Catholic Church. The metropolitan master's and a Russian Institute Univertisy, and the following Committee hearing) he is going to the noted that the report was 40 years late, Soviet Union at a very interesting time Certificate in his briefcase, Mr. academic year as deputy director of but reiterated his appreciation of its Matlock moved to New Hampshire the State Department's Foreign when one hears frequent calls for publication at this time. *'glasnost" and declarations about the to be an instructor of Russian Service Institute in Washington. benefits of democracy. Among the luncheon participants language and literature at Dart­ During 198I, the first year of the were heads of three national organi­ He made his observation based on his mount College. Reagan administration, Mr. Ma­ zations: Iwanna Rozankowsky, president In 1956, when he was 27, the future tlock was a temporary charge previous experience in the Soviet of the Ukrainian National Women's Union, where he had served as a ambassador joined the U.S. foreign d'affaires of the American Embassy League of America; John Flis, president sevice. He worked as an analyst in the in Moscow - his third tour there -- diplomat for seven years. This time, he of both the Ukrainian National said, the climate is different in some State Department for two years, was and then President Ronald Reagan Association and Ukrainian American posted to Vienna as consular officer made him ambassador to Prague.. ways and unchanged in others. Coordinating Council; and Ignatius Ambassador Matlock also told the for two more, spent a year perfecting He returned from Prague in 1983 Bilynsky, president of the Ukrainian his Russian at an American Army and became special assistant to the group that the American diplomatic Congress Committee of America. team is ready to leave for Kiev any day Institute in Bavaria, and in 196I president for national security affairs to open the U.S. Consulate there, but Mr. Bilynsky wondered whether the came to Moscow for his first assign­ and senior director for Europe and that the Soviets to date have not U.S. had considered opening an ment there — as political officer in USSR on the National Security approved all the arrangenients for the embassy in Kiev, rather than a the American Embassy. Council staff. move. consulate. Two years later he held the same Ambassador Matlock appeared He stressed the importance he places Ambassador Matlock responded that position in Accra, Ghana, on the before the Senate Foreign Relations on the use of the Ukrainian language by when in I933 the U.S. recognized the west coast of Africa. Ghana then was Committee March 5 (the Senate American diplomats serving in Kiev Soviet Union, Ukraine was accepted as six years old as an independent must confirm his nomination before and said that as ambassador visiting part of the USSR. But what the U.S. country. he can take over the Moscow Em- Ukraine he would prepare and practice does recognize, he pointed out, is the Between 1967 and 1970 Mr. Ma­ (Continiied on page 12) as long as it took to deliver his formal (Continued on page 12) mFU urges 13 witnesses testify in Plioenix before famine commission PHOENIX, Ariz. - Sen. Dennis fact that this tragedy happened with the to eat nettles and tadpoles in order to Chomobyl week DeConcini (D-Ariz.) presided at a truth of what they themselves saw. Sen. survive. hearing of the Commission on the DeConcini noted the necessity of col­ The famine of 1932-33 in Ukraine was commemorations Ukraine Famine on Friday, February lecting as many accounts as possible artificially created by the Soviet regime to suppress Ukrainian nationalism and TORONTO - The Chornobyl Com­ 13, at the Board of Supervisors Audito­ before the testimonies are lost forever. the resistance of Ukrainian villagers to mittee of the Wor!d Congress of Free rium. The 13 witnesses appearing at the Torced collectivization, Between 5and 7 Ukrainians has issued an appeal to all Public members in attendance were Phoenix hearing spoke of the devasta­ million Ukrainians died of starvation in Ukrainian organizations to join in Dr. 01eh Weres of Sonoma, Calif., tion of the agricultural regions of what is history's, first deliberate use of marking the first anniversary of the Ulana Mazurkevich of Philadelphia, Ukraine brought about by forced grain food as a weapon дgainst a; recalci|rant,^ Chornobyl nuclear disaster in Ukraine and Dr. Myron Kuropas of DeKalb, 111. procurements and the mass exodus of population. . ,^. . with an official "Chornobyl Week" of In his opening remarks, Sen. DeCon­ peasants to the cities in search of food. planned commemorations beginning cini reiterated his strong support of the Almost every witness offered poignant The Ukraine Famine Commission, April 26 (the day of the disaster) and Commission on the Ukraine Famine by accounts of close relatives who had lost which began its work in April 1986, has ending May 2. stating that it is only through the study their lives through starvation and of the a two-year mandate to collect informa­ "The first anniversary of the Chor­ of the tragic events that took place in brutality of local authorities who carried tion about the famine, to analyze its nobyl explosion falls on April 26,1987," Ukraine over half a century ago that out orders from the top. causes and effects, to study the response reads the appeal. "This explosion was of mankind can face the challenge posed One witness told of being forbidden to the famine by countries outside the colossal proportions and threatened by use of food as a weapon, by geno­ by a foreman to leave the field to bury Soviet Union and to study the ro1e large areas of Europe. The Chornobyl cide and by disinformation. her infant daughter who had died of played by official Soviet policies in accident frightened the entire wor1d and Sen. DeConcini also commended the starvation. Another witness noted that bringing about this tragedy, until today remains a serious matter for witnesses who testified at the hearing by 1933 a11 of the domestic animals in The research of the commission will the wor1d. Ukrainians in Canada are for the courage to oppose the Soviet his village had either died or had been culminate in a report to be delivered to planning to commemorate this first government's continued denial of the eaten, and that the villagers were forced Congress by April 22, 1988. anniversary of Chornobyl." "The Chornobyl Committee of the WCFU supports this initiative and we appeal to a11 Ukrainians to join in common commemoration on the anni­ versary of the Chornobyl accident." The Chornobyl Committee, which is part of the WCFU's Wor1d Council of Ukrainian Welfare and Social Services, officially dubbed the week of April 26 - May 2 "Chornobyl Week" and request­ ed that national representative groups as well as the leaders of central Ukrai­ nian orgamzations help make these commemorations successful. The subcommittee also made several recommendations for types of events of a religious, polkical, academic and social nature. They suggested the week begin on Sunday, April 26, with mole- bens in all Ukr^nian churches, inviting representatives of other ethnic groups " FaBiine'ComitussJkinfiiembeF.s(fromleft)Dr. Okh We Kuropas, Sen. Dennis Decondni аииігП;Iшій . V. (Сшіішиеіс1 on page 12)^::.: - . - Mazurkevichr during the hearing in Phoenix. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15,1987 No.11 ''Akcja Wisla'' is topic of Kurelek Memorial Lecture by Myroslav Ilyniak Club of Toronto and the Ukrainian conditions to be harsh and their recep­ adds, it was not even necessary since the tion cold. combined Polish-Czech-Soviet forces TORONTO - "Akcja Wisla" (Ope­ Students C1ub at the University of A number of petitions were organized outnumbered the UPA by almost 20 to ration River \Vis1a) was the code-name Toronto. by the Ukrainians and sent to the 1. 1ndeed, the counterinsurgency took for a forced mass dispersion involving The lecture was the first of the 1987 American and British embassies along place independently of the forced hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians William Kurelek Memorial Lecture with letters from sympathetic Poles. resettlement. from the upper reaches of the \Vis1a series, in a program of speakers that will Prof. Potichnyj has been able to un­ (Vistula) river basin, a part of Eastern resume in the fall. The lecture series was cover a large volume of documents in Poland settled by Ukrainians for more established nine years ago in honor of A ''final solution" the U.S. State Department archives than 1,000 years. The resettlement the distinguished Canadian artist, "to which describes in cruel detail the Prof. Potichnyj maintains that Akcja operation began on April 21, 1947, as a promote understanding and apprecia­ atrocities perpetrated against innocent Wisla was really a part of the govern­ combined force of Polish, Soviet and tion of the importance of dignity, Ukrainian civilians by the regular ment's "final solution" to the Ukrainian Czechoslovak armies battled the Ukrai­ freedom and responsibility of the indivi­ dual in society." Past speakers have Polish army in the years 1945-1947. problem. The roots of this program can nian underground while the civilian be found in the depth of anti-Ukrainian population was forced to resettle in the included individuals prominent in the There were approximatly 750,000 to arts, scholarship and politics. 1 million Ukrainians living in Poland feeling prevalent then in Poland, as it is, "recovered'' western and northern apparently still evident today. regions of Poland. Prof. Potichnyj's talk focused on a immediately after the war (down from a tragedy that took place 40 years ago. pre-war population of 10 million, when For centuries the Poles had claimed "Hungry, without proper food, cloth­ historial rights to lands as far east as the ing, and medical attention, in a different But, he emphasized, its poignant impact the Ukrainian province of Galicia was is still felt by the substantially large still a part of Poland). By June 1946, Dnieper River;lands which were almost and hostile environment, the people historically claimed by Ukrainians. The suffered tremendously," said McMaster Ukrainian minority living in Poland according to a report by one high­ today, ranking Polish officer, about 65 percent most chauvinistic strain of Polish University political science Prof. Peter nationalism wanted an ethnically ho­ J. Potichnyj 'in my conversation with of the Ukrainian population had been State-sponsored terror forcibly moved into the Soviet Union, mogeneous Polish state. 1nvariably, the witnesses and survivors of Akcja relations between the two nations were \Vis1a, it wa^ impressed upon me that About 100,000 to 250,000 Ukrainians The people affected by Akcja \Vis1a were moved to other parts of Poland. marred by wars and upheavals. Ten­ brutality and :old-blooded manner were typically given only two hours sions erupted during the 1930s in with which .he people were treated by Care was taken to disperse the popula­ notice to pack their belongings and tion in such a way, that no more than 10 Galicia, then a district of Poland but the Polish authorities and the popula­ move. Said Prof, Potichnyj, it was dominated by Ukrainians. (Today it is a ti0ng' percent were allowed to live in any one usually in this short interval that s,tate­ I0cation if they came from the same part of the Ukrainian SSR). Galicia Щ^Є' internationally respected scfeolar sponsored terror was unleashed: mur­ village. became a hotbed of strife between the on i*dfish-Ukrainian reIatiqnrspoke on ders, beatings, гаред and robberies. Polish regime — intent on "pacifying" the historical legacy of Akcja \Vis1a at a Conditions of travel - usually by Annihilation of culture and assimilating the Galician Ukrai­ February 4 lecture organized by the horse-drawn carts and trains - were nians - and a radical Ukrainian na­ University of Toronto Chair of Ukrai­ extremely primitive. Often the dis­ After the resettlement was comp1ete, tionalist movement. nian Studies Foundation in coopera­ placed had no food for a week. When the Polish government moved to oblite­ With the occupafion of the western­ tion with the University of Toronto, the the Ukrainians arrived at their desig­ rate all traces of Ukrainian culture in most Ukrainian ethnic territories by the Ukrainian Professional and Business nated resettlement areas they found the Wisla River basin area. The Ukrai­ Germans in 1939, the Ukrainians were nian sounding names of villages and allowed an amazing revival in the towns were changed into Polish. Some economic, educational and cultural HarVareI symposium focuses on 350 Ukrainian Orthodox and Catholic spheres. This revival - part of a Nazi churches were destroyed. All Ukrainian plan to divide and conquer as well as an schools were closed, and cultural or- attempt to sway Ukrainians to their side 'Укгаіпіап Classic Literature" ganizaUons were disbanded. Homes, against the Soviets - was interpreted [ CAMBR1DGE, Mass. -A three-day theory — are most appropriate for such farms and businesses formerly owned by the Poles as being directed against symposium was held at Harvard January a meeting because they focus scholarly by Ukrainians, were occupied by Poles. them. The Polish underground began to 14-16 on "Ukrainian Classic Literature,'' attention on the sources of Ukrainian Most Polish historians claim that selectively assassinate prominent U- North American specialists in Ukrai­ culture and oblige us to rethink the Akcja Wisla was part of the new Com­ krainian intelligentsia. nian studies and representatives of the methodology with which we aproach it. munist government's counterinsur- 1nstitutes of Literature and Linguistics Dr. Rusanivsky and Dr. Dzeverin gency program aimed at the under­ Hopes of independence of the Academy of Sciences of the greeted the participants on behalf of the ground Ukrainian nationalist move­ Ukrainian SSR participated in the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences and ment. The operation was decreed one Relations deteriorated when in 1941 event, sponsored by the International their respective institutes, and ex­ month after the assassinafion on March the Ukrainian nationalists sided with Research Exchanges Board (IREX), pressed their satisfaction that this meeting 28, 1947, of Gen. Karol Swierczewski by the Germans in the hopes of establishing which administers Soviet exchanges for was taking place and their conviction the underground Ukrainian Insurgent an independent Ukrainian state. But the American Council of Learned that it would be an auspicious precedent Army (UFA). this state did not materialize, and never Societies. for regular scholarly contacts. But Prof. Potichnyj considers the could have according to Nazi plans. The nationalists then turned against the ; At 1Harvard the symposium was "counterinsurgency" version as a gross Four sessions and discussion oversimplification of Akcja Wisla. He Germans as well as still fighting the organized by the Department of Slavic Soviets. (The anti-Soviet insurgency Languages and Literatures and its contends that the plan for resettlement continued into the 1950s). chairman, Prof. George G. Grabowicz, The symposium consisted of four had been in place long before and the 1n 1943 the London-based Polish who is also Dmytro Cyzeyskyj Pro­ sessions and a concluding round-table assassination of Swierczewski served nationalist underground embarked on a fessor of Ukrainian Literature. discussion. merely as a pretext to have it accele­ rated. p1an to extend Polish control as far east Representing the Ukrainian Aca­ Problems of literary theory were raised in the papers of Prof. John Fizer According to him, it was not possible into Ukrainian territories as possible demy of Sciences in Kiev were Dr. Ihor with the Ьорея of laying claim to the Dzeverin, director of the T. H. Shev- of Rutgers University ("Objectivity, for the new Polish Communist govern­ Subjectivity and Inlersubjectivity in ment to mobilize such a large-scale pre-war boundaries of P9land. This chenko Institute of Literature, Aca­ p1an, code-named "Burza" (The Storm), demician Vitaliy ,Rusanivsky. director Literary Theory") and Prof. Grabowicz program in su^h short notice withput ("Some Theoretical Problems Posed by prior, elaborate preparatipns; Ero|n a de3signated certain щїІїЩу staging of the 0. О Potebnia 1nstitute of (Continued on page 15)., Linguistics, Dr. Rostyslav Radyshev- Ukrainian Literary History"). eounterin&urgency point of view, he sky, senior researcher of the Section of Linguistic problems were the Old Ukraini*jin Literature of t1ie In­ subject of papers read by Dr. Rusa­ stitute of Literatufe, and Dr. Serhiy nivsky ("The Principles of Compiling a Yermolenko, researcher in the Institute Dictionary of Old Slavic of East Slavic PH1LADELPHIA - The Great Ukrainian ІГап[ііпе of 1932-33, and the of Linguistics. Ї Recension of the 11th-13th Centuries")] Famfine of 1932-33 in Ukraine was the Jewish Holqcaust from the stajidpoint Prof. Horace Lunt of Harvard ("The subject of discussion at ah educational of classroom teaching. ']. . Symposiuin 9 first ^ Relationship of Old Church Slavonic to conference in Philadelphia held Friday Dr. Szul opened the Jikrainian Old Rus'ian") and Dr. Y^rmolenkd evening, February 27. The cohfefehce segment of the program with an analysis The symposium began with wel­ ("Baroque Poetics and the Standard took p1ace at the Wyhdham Franklin of the concept of genocide. He was coming remarks from ProL Grabowicz, Ukrainian Literary Language in the Plaza Hotel under the auspices of the followed by Dr. Samilenko Tsvetkov who noted that this was the first tmiQ I7th and 18th Centuries"). Philadelphia Federation of Teachers. who offered a general historical over­ specialists in Ukfainian studies from The main focus, however, was on old Guest speakers at the PFT conference view of the Ukrainian famine to a America and Ukraine have met at af Ukrainian literature through the papers included Dr. Andrij V. R. Szul of predominantly Jewish audience and scholarly f6rum on the basis of a of Dr. Dzeverin (" The Igor Tale' in Philadelpia's Ukrainian community provided suggestions on the metho­ bilateral agreement between the U.S. Ukrainian Scholarship"), Pro1. Pritsak, and Dr. Olga Samilenko Tsvetkov of dology of teaching the famine in se­ and the USSR and that a Ukrainian director of the Harvard Ukrainian the staff of the U.S. Government condary schools. topic is explicitly the subject of Soviet­ Research Institute ("Ist0ria Rusov"), Commission on the Ukraine Famine. A curriculum guide on the Ukrai­ American scbolarly exchanges, and also Prof Edward Keenan of Harvard ("The Other speakers were Dr. Philip Ro­ nian famine, prepared by Dr. Myron the first time that the Ukrainian Aca­ Reception of Ukrainian Poetry in I7th sen, director of the Riz Holocaust Kuropas, public member of the Ukrai­ demy of Sciences in Kiev is an active Centurv Russian Literature"), Dr. Awareness Museum of Delaware Valley, nian Famine Commission, and funded partner in negotiations to set up such Radyshevsky ("I7th and I8th Century and Ur. CharI:;s Mahjoubian, who by the Ukrainian National Associ lion. an exchange. Ukrainian Poetry Written in Polish"), spoke about the Armenian massacre, was distribute I, and a 10-minute seg­ Prof. Grabowicz emphasized that the and Natalia Pylypiuk of Harvard and The two-hour-long PFT-sponsored ment from the award-winnimg docu­ topics of the symposium --old Ukrai­ University of Alberta ("The Function of forum featured discussiohs on the mentary, "'Harvest of Despair," was nian literature and problems of literary ^ (Continued on page 13) Armenian i:nassacre of 1915, the sh0wn-^ - - No.11 THE UKRAIN1AN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987

THE UKRAINIAN NA TIONAL ASSOCIA TI0N FORUM Chicago's new organizer introduced UNA recognizes organizing cI1ampions

Pictured above are the 1986 UNA organizing champions among men. From left are: Supreme Auditor Nestor Olesnycky, who enroIled members for the highest amount of insurance -- ф286,000; Supreme Advisor William Pastuszek, who enroIled the most new members - 54; and Supreme Advisor Walter Hawrylak, who enroIled the second highest number of members - 34 (Mr. Hawrylak is also secretary of Branch 316).

At the Chicago UNA District Committee meeting (from left) are: John 0. Flis, Steven Bohacz, Gloria Paschen, John Gawaluch and Dr. Myron B. Kuropas,and (partially hidden) Anatole Doroshenko. by Marianna Liss experience. Mr. Flis stated that the new arrange­ CHICAGO - In a move to upgrade ment was necessary to put the UN A on a and modernize the sales approach to the stronger footing. Membership has been Ukrainian National Association's fra­ declining in recent years and needs to be ternal insurance programs, UNA Su­ built up, Mr. Flis said, in order for this preme President John 0. Flis intro­ 93-year-old organization to flourish. duced the Chicago area's first chief After the meeting, everyone gathered organizer, Steven Bohacz, at a Feb­ to congratulate Mr. Bohacz on his new The top women organizers of 1986 are seen in the photo above. From left ruary 28 District Committee meeting responsibilities, and to talk over mutual here. are: Supreme Advisor Helen Olek Scott, who enroIled members for the concerns. highest amount of insurance coverage -- ф122,000 (Mrs. Scott is also Mr. Bohacz will work closely with Also present at the special meeting secretary of UNA Branch 22); Margaret Hentosh, secretary of Branch 305, local UNA members to enlist Ukrai­ were Supreme Vice-Presidents Myron enroIled the most new members - 20; and Oleksandra Dolnytsky, secretary nians as members of the organization. Kuropas and Gloria Paschen, and of Branch 434, who enroIled the second highest number of members -19. Mr. Bohacz, a native Chicagoan, is Supreme Auditor Anatole Doro­ an attorney and insurance representa­ shenko. District Chairman John Gawa­ tive with 15 years of insurance sales luch presided over the meeting. Fraternal activities coordinator named JERSEY CITY, N.J. - Andre J. salesperson,and has been a free-lance District committee meeting Worobec of Toronto has been ap­ translator. pointed, effective March 1, as fra­ Mr. Worobec was born in Ro- She indicated that at the forth­ ternal activities coordinator for the hatyn, Ukraine. He earned a B.S. in Detroit coming June session of the Supreme Ukrainian National Association. economics from St. Peter's College in by Stephen M. Wichar Assembly a great deal of emphasis will Mr. Worobec, who is originally Jersey City, N.J., and an M.A. in be placed on better organizational from the Newark-Irvington, N.J., German from Middlebury College WARREN, Mich. - Twenty-four structure for enlistment of new mem­ area, has now relocated there. (His in Vermont. delegates, representing nine Ukrainian bers, on scholarship programs and the family will join him shortly.) In 1975 he moved to Toronto with expansion of fraternal activities. National Association branches attend­ He was a full-time teacher in his wife, Christina. The coup1e has ed the annual meeting of the Detroit During a discussion on reports, secondary schools in Toronto and two daughters, Natalie, 12, and UNA District Committee. Eleven other several issues were examined by both New Jersey for 16 years. In addition, Marie, 8. branches did not send representatives. the delegates and Mrs. Paschen. There he taught at the post-secondary level, When he lived in New Jersey, Mr. The meeting was held Frbruary 22 here was a concern for the methodology used and was a substitute teacher on both Worobec was a member of P1ast, St. at St. Josaphat's Parish hall. in the selection of students for scholar­ the elementary and secondary levels. John's Ukrainian Catholic Church ship stipends with suggestions for a re­ and its choir. 1n Toronto he was Dr. Atanas Slusarchuk, vice-chair­ Hr. Worobec specialized in teach­ evaluation of criteria. A great deal of involved in Plast-Pryiat (the parents' man, formally called the meeting to ing German, English as a second discussion time was allocated to der- and friends' support group of the order and announced the absence of language,English literature and mant branches that have not enro1led youth organization), and the parents Roman Tatarsky, district chairman, grammar, history and Russian. due to illness, and the inability of the new members for years. A few delegates committee at St. Demetrius Ukrai­ UNA supreme president to attend discussed the inability of local chapters He has also held positions as mort­ nian Catholic School. He has now because of pressing commitments. to sponsor activities due to inadequate gage administrator and real estate rejoined St. John's Choir in Newark. Supreme Vice-President Gloria Pas­ funding. Criticism was directed at chen of Chicago was introduced. Soyuzivka management when dealing Dr. Slusarchuk, chairman, Hryhoryj with organized bus tours by out-of-state Korbiak, vice-chairman, and Stepan membership. Zubal, secretary, were elected to serve After a vote of confidence was given on the presidium. At this time, a period to the retiring board, a slate of officers of silence was observed in memory of for 1987-88 was presented by 01ha departed members. Marusczak, Nominations Committee The reports which followed were chairperson. The following were elect­ lengthy and detailed because data ed: Mr. Tatarsky, chairman; Dr. Alex­ covered a two-year tenure of office. The ander Serafyn, executive vice-chair­ highlights covered included the prepa­ man; Dr. Slusarchuk, vice-chairman; ration and implementation of the UNA Roman Lazarchuk, general secretary; convention, the promotion of Chaika Stephen M. Wichar, external affairs Dance Ensemble from Australia and and English secretary; Yaroslaw Baziuk, the Zhuravli Male Chorus from Poland. treasurer; Petro Zaluha, organizational Mrs. Paschen was called to the director; Roma Dyhdalo and Zenon podium, where she addressed the dele­ Wasylkevych, co-directors of special gation on issues concerning the state of events; Wasyl Papiz, public relations !he UNA. She elaborated on assets and and press; Hryhoryj Korbiak and disbursements of the organization and Dmytro Koshilowsky, men.hers; Jo­ how ihey applied to the general growth seph Postaiowsky, Stella Fedyk and 0Ї the UNA. She also pointed out the 01ha Marusczak, Audiimg Commitlee. weaknesses and strengths of fraternal The entire s1ate was elected by a un- UNA Fraternal Activities Coordinator Andre J. Worobec in his ofHce. efforts on both national and local levels. (Continued on page 12) : THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987 No.11

NEWS AND VIEWS THE| An appraisal: Ukrainian responses Ul[raJnian WeeI;Iweei;i'y to the JoI1n Demjanjuk case by Andrii Krawchuk ricans for Human Rights in Ukraine Defamation by the press saw the trial as part of a larger process Now that the Demjanjuk trial is well because "since the days of Bogdan Though the Ukrainian nation is not on trial in Israel along with under way, it may be worthwhile to Chelmenitzky [sic], the Jewish people John Demjanjuk, as some observers contend, the Ukrainian natibn is, reflect for a moment on some percep­ has a long score to settle with the in fact, being defamed through the testimony of witnesses who tions that have emerged about its Ukrainian people." Such remarks by repeatedly refer to "Ukrainian guards" at Treblinka, as though these broader implications. Ukrainian com­ prominent politicians not only ascribe auxiliaries were exclusively Ukrainian - and through the s1oppy munities in North America have spared collectiye guilt, they also prejudice the reporting of the news media that have forgotten journalistic principles. no effort to ensure that John Demjan­ legal process and, therefore, deserve to juk receives an adequate defense and be challenged on legal grounds. That is wliy we Ile:ad news Stories that"make ridiculous assertions Ukrainian journalists and observers are At the opposite end of the spectrum, such as the following. now in Israel to monitor the court the Cahadian Charitable Committee in The New York Daily News writes of "Germans and Ukrainians who proceedings and to ensure that nothing Aid of John Demjanjuk's Family has occurs which might prejudice the trial. issued public exhortations saying that ran the camp." The concern of Ukrainians for fair­ "it is the Ukrainian family at large that The New York Times refers to the notorious guard known as "Ivan ness is well-founded, for in the past year is on trial" and has equated the defense Grozny" as "the Ukrainian guard called Ivan the Terrible who they have seen Mr. Demjanjuk re­ of Mr. Demjanjuk with the defense of operated the gas chambei: at Treblinka and abused prisoners." peatedly labelled a war criminal (and the "good name" of the same "Ukrai­ identified as a Ukrainian) long before nian family." On the contrary, such The Atlanta Journal and Constitution refers to "the Nazis and their the trial in Israel. contrived formulas leave many young Ukrainian henchmen" and then goes on to state authoritatively that But it is also possible to prejudice Ukrainians indignant. And there simply there were "30 German and about 100 Ukrainian auxiliaries." popular perceptions in a way that limits is no hard evidence to support the claim the view 0fIairness in this case. Have that the Ukrainian community ''at And the Associated Press makes perhaps the most ludicrous the Ukrainian communities in North large" feels threatened or that it is on statement of a11 in describing Trawniki as "a training camp for America fallen victim to such a process? trial along with John Demjanjuk. Ukrainians who later became guards at Nazi extermination centers." In some cases, apparently they have. The Demjanjuk trial has indeed taken 1t seems as if there were two nations of "bad guys" during the Nazi For just as it was unfair for others to on symbolic, collective meaning, re­ period: the Germans and the Ukrainians; it seems as if there were no refer to Mr. Demjanjuk as a war cri­ gardless to which of these interpreta­ tions one may choose to adhere. It is, in other collaborators. To be sure, we do not deny there were some minal before the trial, some Ukrainians have excluded even the hypothetical a very real sense, larger than life and has Ukrainians among those who collaborated with the Nazis. possibility that Mr. Demjanjuk may be even been compared to the Dreyfus case (Ukrainians were also victims of the Nazis — the subhuman guilty as charged. of 19th century France, The reasons for "untermenschen.") And this was the case in all countries under Nazi Thus, long before the beginning of this large scale no doubt have to do with occupation — not just in Eastern Europe. the trial, the lines were sharply drawn the social history which saw Ukrainians But to ascribe to the Ukrainians the running of a death camp, and to between two mutually hostile camps: an and Jews come into contact with one another, often in very unfortunate imply that only Ukrainians were selected for training at Trawniki is acquittal would inevitably be criticized as unfair by the one, while a verdict of ways. Another factor has been the ^hotesale defamation. guilty would meet with an equal mea­ attitudes that were shaped over the The foregoing, coupled with the fact that the man actually on trial, sure of hostility from the other side. course of centuries, attitudes which John Demjanjuk, is always, in every news story, described as a Although these two "camps" may be persist to this day and which cannot be Ukrainian or Ukrainian-born, has defamed every Ukrainian. popularly perceived as Jews and Ukrai­ erased overnight, And yet, every journalism student knows there are books called nians, the matter is actually more But the point needs to be made very strongly that in the Demjanjuk case "style manuals" that advise reporters and editors about usage of terms. complicated than that. In the first place, non-Jewish and non-Ukrainian journa­ such reasoning may perpetuate atti­ Thus, in The New York Times' own manual of style and usage we lists have also taken sides in the issue. tudes of collective guilt or of collective find this note: "Race should be specified only if it is truly pertinent. The Secondly, there is no evidence that innocence. 1n defending themselves same stricture applies to ethnic and religious identifications." Ukrainians in North America are un­ against attributions of collective guilt, The Associated Press and others have similar guidelines. animously in favor of staking their Ukrainians might pause to reflect on how such attributions may in fact be That is why in a story about the Mafia there is never a reference to collective reputation on the outcome of the Demjanjuk trial. Thirdly, individual fueled by their own collectivizing re­ 1talians. That is why the race of a person is given only if that person is sponses. For the idea of adopting the being sought in a manhunt, or if that person has accomplished Jews in the U.S. and 1srael have taken very strong stands in favor of an Demjanjuk case as an all-Ukrainian something significant for someone of his race: adequate defense for Mr. Demjanjuk. issue defeats the purpose of our legiti­ 1t's time the nevi^s media remembered such guidelines. 1t's time we The polarization of opinions that mate and necessary defense against reminded them about journalistic principles and ethics. Otherwise, does exist around the Demjanjuk case ethnic slurs and unfair generalizations. history will be rewritten via the press and Ukrainians injustly will be has raised a number of serious issues * 2. Religious amplification of the recalled years from now as the Nazis' "henchmen." which merit thoughtful consideration. issue: Few of the activities undertaken on The collective fallacy has been further behalf of Mr. Demjanjuk "in the name aggravated by appeals to religion. Such of all Ukrainians" have received critical appeals have been either offensive or From fhe Vienna Conference attention in our press. Yet it is quite defensive in nature. possible that some behavior patterns of Deputy Speaker Ben-Meir's letter U.S. delegation on Helsinki monitors the well-intentioned activities of Ukrai­ took the offensive with the spiritually nian communities in the Demjanjuk patronizing suggestion that Ukrainians F0lowing are excerpts from a free to exercise the rights they have case are self-defeating and not in the should make atonement for their collec- plenary speech delivered at the been promised. best interest of organized Ukrainian tive guilt. Despite clearly being an Vienna Conference on Security and * * * life. These patterns may be summarized isolated case of gross insensitivity to Cooperation in Europe on February And then there is the political as follows: which few Jewish people would wish to 13 by Rep, Steny Hoyer, chairman of abuse of psychiatry. Psychiatric * 1. The coUectivist fallacy, or seeing stoop, Ukrainians have justifiably felt the U.S, Helsinki Commission. The hospitals are used to incarcerate the fate of John Demjanjuk as the fate insulted by the statement. Vienna Conference is reviewing dissenters for indefinite terms. Mind­ of a11 Ukrainians: But, in a defensive posture, they, too, implementation of the 197S Helsinki altering drugs, electro-shock and This point of view sees the Demjan­ Accords, other treatments are deliberately have applied religion to the case at juk trial as, in a sense, a trial 0faII hand. Bishops and archbishops have misused against prisoners of con- Ukrainians. In very different ways, both sicence. declared their belief in the innocence of Jews and Ukrainians have subscribed to Mr. Demjanjuk and the Canadian It is not enough for the Soviet Hanna Mykhailenko, a defender this view. Charitable Committee has organized government to form commissions of Ukrainian cultural freedom, has From an Israeli perspective, the evenings of prayer not only for a just (i.e., the special commission on been confined since February I980. Demjanjuk trial has been interpreted in trial, but also for Mr. Demjanjuk's humanitarian issues) that remain In November of that year — on the collective terms. President Shimon Peres "speedy release." This seems to put the same day that the Madrid Con­ silent in the face of continuing was quoted last year as saying that the cart before the horse ~ prayers for a ference began - her trial began in human-rights violations. Soviet trial "would serve as an example" to the speedy release may be regarded as cit,izens who believe in the Helsinki Odessa. Hanna was then sent to a young generation in Israel, which did psychiatric prison-hospital. Since premature until one's earlier prayers for process, such as Lithuanian monitor not know the horrors of the Holocaust. a fair trial and good legal representation Ba1ys Gajauskas, must be released her obscure trial seven years ago, More recently, Deputy Speaker of the have been answered. As matters now from confinement. Citizens must no there has been no information about Knesset Dov Ben-Meir's letter to Ame- stand in some Ukrainian circles, the longer be subject to arrest for her. In effect, she has been sentenced monitoring activities. They must be to oblivion. Andrii Krawchuk is a free-lance pretrial presumption of innocence is no writer living in Ottawa. (Continued on page 14) No.11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15,1987

For the record: State Department report on Ukrainian Catholic Church Following is the U.S. State Department*s report and external enemies. All religious groups suffered Catholic priests who were either murdered or deported titled "Soviet Repression of the Ukrainian Catholic from discriminatory Soviet legislation, beginning with to the east. Church"which was prepared by the Bureau of Human the Soviet Decree of February 5, 1918, on the Following the Nazi attack on the USSR Stalin Rights and Humanitarian Affairs and released in Separation of Church from State and School from altered substantially his tactics toward religious January. Church. The new laws transferred all Church pro­ communities. Fearing for the very survival of the -^ perty, including all houses of worship, to the state. Soviet regime, he reduced anti-religious propaganda Clergy and their families were stripped of their civil and offered significant concessions to the Russian Part I of two parts rights. Organized religious instruction of minors was Orthodox Church, as well as other denominations, in During the nearly seven decades that have elapsed made a criminal offense, and all theological schools the hope of harnessing all the potential of the Soviet since the Bolsheviks seized power, the Communist were closed, as eventually were all monasteries and Union in its struggle against Nazi Germany. But with Party of the Soviet Union has sought to eliminate convents. The regime sponsored abusive anti-religious the Soviet reoccupation of Ukraine in 1944, repression religion or, failing that, utilize it for the purposes of the campaigns which were accompanied by the harass­ of Ukrainian Catholics, already suffering under Nazi state. In this deliberate attack on religion, no ment of believers and their exclusion from all positions occupation, was resumed once again, culminating in institution has suffered more than the Ukrainian of importance. the official "liquidation'* of the Church in 1946. Catholic Church. Claiming the devotion of millions in During the 1920s, however, the regime shifted its western Ukraine, the church — leaders and laity alike tactics in the direction of **Sovietization** of individual Liquidation of the Ukrainian Catbolic Church, 1946 - has been systematically repressed by Soviet rule. Churches and sects. *'Disloyar' religious leaders were Official Soviet historiography even goes as far as to replaced by others who were willing to accept a From the very beginning of the Soviet reoccupation claim that the church "liquidated itseir in 1946, that platform of loyalty to the Soviet state and were of western Ukraine, measures aimed at liquidating the its followers **voluntarily joined" the Russian prepared to submit to far-reaching controls over the Ukrainian Catholic Church were undertaken. In the Orthodox Church.' external and internal activities of their groups. By 1927 winter of 1944-45, Soviet authorities summoned But the Ukrainian Catholic Church lives on, in the these conditions were accepted by the Moscow Catholic clergy to "re-education'* sessions conducted catacombs, as witness numerous samizdat documents Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church in by the secret police, the NKVD. On April 5,1945, the and repeated discussions in Soviet publications of the return for a limited and uncertain tolerance; but the ^^ (Continued on page 11) need to repress it. This paper sets forth an account of price was the alienation of many Orthodox bishops, that repression. clergy and believers who considered such a compro­ 1. See note 4. mise with the atheist state to be incompatible with the 2. Voprosy Nauchnogo Ateizma, publication No. 24, Church and state in the Soviet Union: 1917-46 integrity and spiritual mission of their church. Moscow, 1979, p. 46. "StanoVleniya і Rozvytok Masovoho These early won concessions did not last long, Ateizmu v Zakhidnykh Oblastiakh Ukrainskoi RSR," Situated primarily in western Ukraine, which the (Kiev, 1981),p. 51. however. By 1929 Sta1in's regime had embarked on a 3. Soviet repression and liquidation of the Ukrainian Soviets forcibly annexed from Poland in 1939, the violent, widespread anti-religious campaign. More Autocephalous Church in eastern Ukraine in the 1920sand Ukrainian Catholic Church traces its modern lineage and more Churches and prayer houses of all faiths 1930s was a portent of its later repression and liquidation of to the 1596 Union of Brest, through which it affiliated were closed down by the authorities, often on the basis the Ukrainian Catholic Church in western Ukraine. Shortly with the Roman Catholic Church while preserving its of fabricated "demands of workers." Growing after the revolution, a number of Ukrainian Orthodox Byzantine form of worship and spirituality. Thus, numbers of bishops and clergy were banished, bishops separated themselves from the Russian Patriarchal unlike the Russian Orthodox Church or the Ukrainian imprisoned or executed. This situation, worsened Church, creating in I920 an independent Ukrainian Ortho­ Autocephalous Orthodox Church that arose after the during the 1ate 1930s, culminating by the end of the dox Autocephalous Church. By 1924, the Church embraced revolution in eastern Ukraine, the Ukrainian Catholic decade in the near total suppression of institutional 30 bishops, 1,500 priests and deacons, and 1,100 parishes in Church has looked to the West, recognizing the religion throughout the Soviet Union. Soviet authori­ the Ukrainian SSR. From 1922, however, Soviet authorities authority of the pope from its inception. began imposing restrictions on the Autocephalous Church, ties destroyed what remained of the Ukrainian attempting to split it from within by supporting a splinter Western Ukraine poses a particular problem for the Autocephalous Orthodox Church during this period, faction. 1n 1926 they arrested its metropolitan, Basil Soviet regime, since, according to Soviet sources, killing most of its bishops and many thousands of its Lypkivsky, along with a-numb^riiOf xrther (ijB^dfrs ^nd nearly half of the officially permitted religious followers.^ They also drew up plans for the liquidation ordered the dissolutions of Msnc^tl^aif,bpd|y^dt\)ike ^11­ congregations in the Soviet Union are located there?in of the Ukrainian Catholic Church; these became Ukrainian Church Council. Then in 1929, massive repressive addition, there are many unofficial groups which reality with the Soviet acquisition in 1939 of western measures were taken against the bishops, clergy and faithful, include Ukrainian Catholics. Furthermore, the Ukraine and western Byelorussia, which had large culminating in the dissolution of the Church in I930. The Ukrainian Catholic Church has served as a focus for congregations of Catholics. With Soviet occupation, remnant of the Church was allowed to reconstitute itself at the development of a distinct Ukrainian national and there immediately followed the abolition or state the end of 1930 but was progressively decimated until the last cultural identity in western Ukraine. Not surprisingly, takeover of longstanding Church institutions - parish was suppressed in 1936. According to Ukrainian Orthodox sources, two metropolitans of the Church, 26 these characteristics have marked the Church in Soviet including schools, seminaries, monasteries and archbishops and bishops, some 1,150 priests, 54 deacons, eyes. publishing houses — and the confiscation of all and approximately 20,000 lay members of the Church In its first years the Soviet regime attacked all Church properties and lands. Finally, as the Nazis councils as well as an undetermined number of the faithful religious institutions, accusing them of political invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, Soviet secret were all killed. See Ukraine: A Concise Encyclope.dia, Vol. opposition to the regime and collusion with its internal police rounded up a large number of Ukrainian II, University of Toronto Press, pp. 170-71.

Republicans (minority): Jesse A. Helms (N.C.), Richard G. Lugar (Jnd.),l ACTION ITEMS Nancy Landon Kassebaum (Kan.), Rudy Boschwitz (Minn.), Larry Pressler (S.D.), Frank H. Mukowski (Alaska), Paul S. Trib1e Jr. (Va.), Daniel J. On April 26, 1986, the most serious nuclear disaster in the history of Evans (Wash.), and Mitch Mconnell (Ky.). mankind occurred in Chornobyl, Ukraine. The initial ham radio report Write to them at U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C. 20510. placed the victims in the 2,000 range. Later, the official number was reported as 31. Various Western governments, including our own American - submitted by Ad Hoc Committee for the Commemoration government, and the Ukrainian diaspora were unable to send any aid. The of the First Anniversary of the Chornobyl Disaster. situation is still the same today. Eventually, through the intermediary efforts Washington of Armand Hammer, Dr. Robert Gale was able to offer some medical aid. However, up to the present time, the Western wor1d, as well as our own American government, continues to base all policy decisions on the William F. Buckley has done it again. The well-known columnist, editor information supplied by the Soviet Union. This information seems treated and talk show host is one of the foremost and most frequent interchangers of as credible and trustworthy. the terms "Soviet" and "Russian." Mr. Buckley's recidivist tendency surfaced again in his syndicated column As of this writing, there were three hearings held in the Congress dealing of February 22 titled "Amerika, Amerika, God Shed a Tear for Thee" about with the Chornobyl fallout. Sen. Jesse Helms (R-N.C.) dealt with the the TV movie "Amerika," which depicted the United States 10 years after a agricultural after-effects; Sen. Larry Pressler (R-S.D.), dealt with the Soviet takeover. economical and political fallout; Sen. Edward Kennedy (D-Mass.) called Dr. 1n his column, Mr. Buckley states, "The population of the Gulag Gale and Dr. Evgenyj Velikhov, vice-president of the Soviet Academy of Archipelago, which reached about 12 million... was overwhelmingly Sciences, to testify before the Human Resources Committee. Russian." Mr. Buckley then parenthetically defines "Russians" as "people However, no hearings have been held dealing with the enormous price who reside within the borders of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics." which will eventually be paid by the populations of Ukraine and the Baltic states. The appearance of radioactive foodstuffs on the wor1d market gives MT; Buckley should know better. In fact, he probably does know better. 1t evidence that the after-effects of Chornobyl will have global repercussions. was on his show "Firing Line" that the documentary "Harvest of Despair" Because of all this and the upcoming first anniversary of the Chornobyl was aired, with a thorough subsequent discussion focusing on, among other disaster, a11 attempts will be made to hold hearings in April in the Senate related points, the clear distinction between Ukrainian and Russians. Could, Foreign Relations to deal with the far-reaching question of human cost and to Mr. Buckley's memory be short? Probably ,not, as a person with limited obtain a balanced picture of this issue. memory could not have achieved the stature that he has. Is it a case of For this to be successful, it is most urgent for a;ll Ukrainian Americans and stubbornness? Americans of East European descent to immediately write to members of the Write to Mr. Buckley to refresh his memory. If you are tired of his callous Senate Foreign Relations Committee and especially to their own senators labeling of everything pertaining to the Soviet Union as "Russian," write to who serve on this committee. Below is the list of senators on the committee. him to express your dismay. 1n any event, let him know that Ukrainians and Democrats (majority): Claiborne Pell (R.I.) — chairman, Joseph R. Biden others resent being called Russians. His address is: William F. Buckley, c/o Jr. (Del.), Paul S. Sarbanes (Md.), Edward Zorinsky (Neb.), Alan Cranston The National Review, 150 E. 35th St., New York, N.Y. 10016. (Calif.), Christopher J. Dodd (Conn.), John F. Kerry (Mass.), Paul Simon (111)v Terry ^unford-(N.C.),Btock А4ащ^ (Wash.)v апД D^,niel Patrick - submitted by Victor A. Lapyciiak мрупшдіі(N.y.k ^... '. '^'"^'~ "'" " ''..l^.:C':v:'.-,:.'":.\, - ' - Union, N.J: THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987 No.11

New Yorker Kathy Smindak: ahead of the class — at 23 by Natalia A. Feduschak

\E\\ YC^Rk \S )ОV re\d 1H1 , Kjtn\ Smindak TIL4 he Cv^ )tS(>І ab^ V th И u.'u rv Li.u '.L U)T 'Г r, lb it -- Пч"іГі L ri 1^ К,оП|^ JvT\ Па1 *1 i^ s ( ^'J Л L 'ГПС luM 4l\0iId honic vJnce tPJlc\ ^he \\ill lUr *H.s!V \\Oik With he1 boss, BeDo kobo, to design the !ah hne oi clothing for JEANJER, a subsidiary of Jordache. Kathy Smindak'8 story would not be so unusual if it weren't for two things: her age, and how she became a designer. Her age — 23. How she became a designer — well, that's a Cinderella story if there ever was one. It's something that Miss Smindak still has a hard time believing. One day a little over a year ago, Miss Smindak boarded the subway bound for Manhattan, a trip that had become a ritual. She had spent the previous few months, after her return from a post-graduation trip to Europe, looking for work in the textile industry, but found nothing. Somewhat dismayed, she had begun to sell her own jewelry to several stores in Manhattan. On this particular day, she had taken her portfolio with her. She happened to sit next to a man who commented on the pants she was wearing - corduroys with a baroque print. As their conversation progress­ ed, he asked to take a look at her portfolio, which contained sketches of clothes she had designed. He told her he worked for Jordache. As it turned out, the man Miss Smindak sat next to on the train was Bebo K0b0, principal owner and designer of JEANJER, a Jordache subsidiary. He said he liked Miss Smindak's Miss Smindak in JEANJER's New York office with a wall-sized photo of a sampling of clothes she designed work and, the next day, after speaking with his for spring. associates, offered her a job as a designer. Since then, clothes for the next season's line of clothing. Of the The actual designing, Miss Smindak states, initially things for Miss Smindak have not been the same. many drawings, Mr. K0b0 picks out the few that will does not always come easily, "1'm still not satisfied, 1 "I thought it was a joke," she said of the job offer become part of JEANJER's line. As she draws, Miss still have so much more to learn. 1t's like painting. You during a recent interview in the company's offices in Smindak says she keeps in mind the age group she is have to learn realism before the abstract. 1 always New York. "You always dream in the back of your designing for, 13-26, the fabrics and textures she worry that 1 won't be creative. You get so scared when head that something like that will happen. Nobody wants, and various colors and stripes. JEANJER you make the first mark. But once you start rolling, the believed me at first." works only with denim, she says, and this is also very designs come," she states. Today, nobody doubts her. 1n her first year on the important as she makes her drawings. Those sketches On the one hand, it may seem odd that Miss job, she has spent "five to six" months on the road, that are approved arethen made into clothes and fitted Smindak has such lack of acknowledgement of her either attending fashion and fabric shows in Europe, on mode1s. This gives Miss Smindak the opportunity own achievements. After all, it isn't often that one ("Europe is a little ahead of the American market, it's to make any changes before the clothes are mass­ finds a person Miss Smindak's age having the not as conservative,") or designing clothes in the manufactured. (Continued on page 11) JEANJER offices in Hong Kong. "1 always liked fashion, but 1 never thought it was a way to make a living," Miss Smindak laughs. But it has proven a great way to make a living — in a way that can be overwhelming at time, she admits. When she first started with the company, she watched Mr. K0b0 a lot, learned a lot. In the past months, however, she has designed two lines of clothing, and for the spring line put together the catalogue that advertises JEANJER's product. The work entailed, outside of the actual designing, interviewing and picking mode1s, working with the photographer on a daylong shoot, picking photos that would be in the catalogue, and finally doing the layout and design. 1n other words, the catalogue was her baby.

Hong Kong, located near Kwantung province in Southeast China, is a bustling trade center and a shipping and banking emporium. 1t is one of the greatest trading and transshipment centers in the Far East, it has become a leading light manufacturing center, and its textile and garment industry are the British colony's largest, it is a city in which Miss Smindak spends a great deal of time. JEANJER, which shares a building with three other design houses, has its manufacturing facilities there. "It gets a little lonely over there," Miss Smindak -'^Нл says of her life in Hong Kong. "There is a lot of English spoken but the signs are in Cantonese. You don't feel that foreign over there, but you do get a sense of Hong Kong and Asia. "After a while, you're always living out of a suitcase. But it's also a good experience. While you're over there, it's a lot more intense. It's a different work ethic, which tends to push you even more. 1'm never out of the office before 8 p.m. You gotta finish things. You work hard, rest a little. It does burn you out when you're over there. But the weeks are so efficient. No matter what level your job is, there's a certain level of pride," she says, On the average, Miss Smindak works six days a week, the normal work week in Hong Kong. She spends most of the time making various sketches of A detail from JEANJER's spring catalogue. No.11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987 Peter Shostak: depicting the Ukrairiian pioneer experience by Michael B. Bociurkiw books of his works smce I982' "\Vhen Nights Were long'hand ''Sat j^dav

r^ r,II!ig іП \)\ifI(: Oi '\. ^' ^ IMV S.I..) І ^f^a^мal pnjncti One .r^ ti*e diS^mgi^ishmp nhi . irk.s setiiemcr^t ? ( :uid^a. 0І Mr. Shostak's Vt0iks are 1bt rit.1I'.Ve But P^iti S^Tstak. whose oil captions displayed under his paintings. painiings and watercoiois are quickly One recent work, for example, which becoming prized posessions among perhaps can be described as vintage Canada's private and corporate art Shostak, depicts two farm boys sadly collectors, says he has no problems watching the family farm being auc­ generating the adrenaline to create the tioned off, apparently the result of hard works that have made him so popular. times. The caption quotes one son A visit to his Victoria home and saying to the other: "Fm glad dad isn't studio, which sits on a promontory on here to see this." Vancouver Island with a breathtaking Explains the artist: "The captions add view of the bay, provides visitors with another dimension (to the painting). A clues as to why the expatriate Albertan lot of my titles are questions which that packed up his bags several years ago could be asked by someone looking at and moved to the west coast. To be sure, the painting; or it could be a question there was the opportunity to forego the being asked by one of the people in the frigid blasts of the prairie winter for painting; or it's really part of the Victoria's balmy year-round climate. conversation that is going on with the But the 43-year-old Alberta native people in the painting itself." He adds says the environment in which he was ''The titles sometimes are as much of a raised has influenced his work more statement as the painting itself." than anything else. The 18 years he spent on a farm in the northeast part of Mr. Shostak says he spends a lot of the province is etched in his memory time thinking up captions for his works and has become a common theme of because of the importance he attaches many of his oil paintings and to them. watercolors. The demand for Mr. Shostak's works Said Mr. Shostak: "Just the fact that outstrips supply most of the timj , and you had no neighbors...you basically the artist says he has a difficult time had to rely on your family members and keeping the galleries and buyers satis­ upon the environment." fied. "I can4 keep up with the demand," His work, which is now available he said, adding that the Hollander York through prestigious galleries in Gallery in Toronto, which represents Vancouver and Toronto, draws upon Mr. Shostak in that city, is sold out of other influences as well. "What also has his works. been important for me have been the Some of the time he spends away stories told of the early Ukrainian from the canvas is spent on Ukrainian pioneer settlers in Canada: the Artist Peter Shostak in front of his painting captioned "Was that your Baba's community projects in Victoria and hardships that they went through; the coat?" other parts of Canada. Mr. Shostak is a personality traits...they had to William Kurelek, whose popular position at the University of Victoria. past-president of the Ukrainian Cul­ overcome extreme hardships." depictions life on the Canadian prairies Ten years later, he left the classroom for tural Society of Vancouver 1s1ard and Mr. Shostak, who is married with one have become part of major Canadian the last time to become a full-time artist. the current vice-president of the Cana­ son, says he often leaves the serenity of collections. Said the late Mr. Kurelek, He works at home, in a roof-top dian Foundation of Ukrainian S udies. Vancouver Island for the prairies to while reviewing an exhibit of Mr. studio which he himself recently built. look for landscapes and subjects. He Next year, when Ukrainians around Shostak's work: "Peter understands the His wife, Geraldine, helps with the task takes his camera along on trips to the the wor1d will be celebrating the Mil­ things he paints by first-hand expe­ of shipping the completed works of art prairies and captures on film potential lennium of Christianity in Ukraine, Mr. rience, and that gives his works a down­ to buyers around the world. Their subjects and landscapes. Shostak plans to do some paintings to-earth honesty." business is called Yalenka Enterprises which depict the religious component of Perhaps his favorite subjects are 1nc. Ukrainian pioneers - whom he Mr. Shostak moved to Victoria from the Ukrainian pioneer experie ice in describes as unsung heros whose Alberta in 1969 to accept a teaching Mr. Shostak has published two Canada. contributions have largely remained шшшшштлVі^і^тщтшшш^ unrecognized by the Ukrainian community. "І feel that we really haven4 done very m.uch yet to recognize Ukrainian tour group granted papal audienc the contribution made by these individuals in terms of coming to Canada and developing the West. "Today when ! look at people and I see individuai?^ Iпаї complain and seem to have t:h kind:, of problems, a1I 1 can do is compare ;Ліегп to our early pioneer::] апс Hnd ї;іаї the problems of today paie ІГА r;vp\car ison l0 ibe courage and the аіГПсиIие8 experienced by our people back m ti e old coumfy...they had to make a decision whether the3^ were go1ng 10 kave forever,, ana go to 1and which they h:i6 no idea wnere ii

iVlr. Shostak has had a fascination with art since early childhood. His official biography states that he financed the purchase of his first set of oil paints from under-the-table sales of bubbiegum to his classmates when his A group of 27 Ukrainian Canadians and Americans, represented during the trip by Bishop Michael ryn- teachers were not looking. including members of the Ukrainian clergy and media, chyshyn of Paris, and was organized by the LM , ravel He majored in art education at tne during an audience with Pope John Paul II on February Agency of Montreal, whose Millennium pilgrimage University of Alberta and spent some 16 in the Vatican, a surprise stop on a pre-Millennium packages for 1988 have been officially endorsed by the time as a junior high school teacher. promotional tour on February 10-17 of the Holy Land Ukrainian Catholic Church. The pontiff delivered a brief Whether he likes it or not, and Rome. The tour was hosted by the Ukrainian message in Ukrainian in which he said he would connoiseurs of Ukrainian Canadian art Catholic Church's Jubilee Committee, which was participate in the Millennium celebrations planned for often compare Mr. Shostak to the late July 1988 in Rome. 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987 No.11

worked as a barber and dentist and Cooperative spirit: an overview Po/ice investigators... sorted clothes taken from inmates at (Continued from page 1) Treblinka. He worked in both the upper of the credit union movement the policeman had succeeded in con­ and lower camps. Mr. Sheftel immediately questioned by Tamara Denysenko vincing Mr. Demjanjuk that he had his was passed liquidating credit unions own mail box to which no one had the validity of Mr. Reichman's testi­ mony since the witness, when called to Part III of a four-part series, and forbidding individuals to deal in access. In fact, however, all of Mr. credit. In the 1930s all other forms of Demjanjuk's mail was opened and testify by the U.S. on March 12, 1980, stated in writing that he recalls nothing After Wor1d War I, when eastern consumer and agricuhural cooperatives photographed by the police. were disbanded and replaced with strict Mr. O'Connor asked the assistant and no one. In keeping with Israeli law, Ukraine fell under Soviet occupation continued Mr. Sheftel, Mr. Reichman and western Ukraine was partitioned collectivization. During the man-made commander if he was aware that Mr. famine in Ukraine and the period of the Demjanjuk had his own lawyer. Mr. should not be permitted to testify even if between Poland, Czechoslovakia and he suddenly regained his memory on Rumania, the Ukrainian cooperative *'Great Terror," members'assets were Ish-Shalom replied that in Israel inter­ confiscated and hundred of thousands rogations can be conducted without February 13, 1986, and identified Mr. movement experienced dramatic Demjanjuk's photo. changes. leaders and members killed or banished counsel being present. Was Mr. Dem­ to Siberia. Judge Levin ruled that Mr. Reich­ In 1920 a formal decree issued by the janjuk informed of his rights? asked the attorney. No, he was not informed man could testify, but that his testimony Soviets during the Ninth Communist would be less credible. Party Congress subordinated all con­ because he has already been in various prisons and undergone various interro­ Mr. Reichman spoke about his re­ sumer cooperatives to the newly esta­ In the post Wor1d War I period collections of Treblinka and said that blished People's Commissary of Food. gations for 10 years now, replied Mr. Ukrainians under Czechoslovakian Ish-Shalom, adding that he should Mr. Demjanjuk is *'Ivan the Terrible." It proclaimed that consumer coopera­ rule formed a Regional Cooperative During Monday*s session, Mr. tives would become consumer com­ know his rights by now. Federation (Druzhestvennyj Soyuz) When asked how the investigators O'Connor's wife and children were munes and that all citizens had to join. which united over 400 cooperatives in present at the trial. Also present that Those refusing would not receive their had gathered the documentation need­ the I930s, mostly credit unions. Ukrai­ ed for the indictment, Mr. 1sh-Shalom day was John Gi1l of Cleveland, another daily allotments of food arid living nians under Rumanian rule could not attorney for the defense. necessities. The same year aI1 other said they had gotten information from renew cooperative organizations be­ the prosecution, and that among these The next day, Tuesday, March 10, cooperatives, credit, trade, agriculture cause of a reactionary political regime. Mr. Reichman continued his testimony. and dairy, were liquidated, their assets materials was the Trawniki ID card The Ukrainian populace of Galicia, supplied by the USSR through the Under questioning by Yona Blattman, confiscated, their structure changed and Kholmshchyna, Pidliashshia, western the witness described the work of the merged with the newly created con­ intervention of Armand Hammer. The Volhynia, Polissia and Bilshchyn which investigators themselves were never in "dentists" who removed gold fillings sumer communes. came under Polish domain had the from the teeth of corpses. Sometimes, The post-revolutionary economic touch with Mr. Hammer. After re­ opportunity to develop multi-lateral, ceiving the Trawniki card, the investi­ he said, the work Jews who were chaos, the destruction of the transpor­ self-help cooperative organizations. dentists stole some of this gold in the tation system, manufacturing, mining gators reproduced it and gave it to With the passage of liberal Polish experts for analysis. hope that if they escaped from the and, most importantly, agriculture, cooperative legislation in 1920, Ukrai­ death camp they would be able to forced Lenin to declare the New Eco­ In response to a question about nians organized the National Coopera­ why the investigators had used only one purchase documents and necessities for nomic Policy (NEP) at the l0th Com­ tive Committee Organization whose survival. munist Party Congress in 1921. NEP photo (from 1951) of Mr. Demjanjuk goal was to support and realize the for witness identifications, Mr. Ish­ Mr. Reichman told how he escaped guaranteed the right of private owner­ rebuilding of destroyed Ukrainian from Treblinka in 1943 during the ship of equipment and materials for the Shalom said merely, "that's what we lands, the creation of new employment decided." prisoners' revolt, was hidden by a Polish production of personal goods, encou­ and the agricultural progress of the gentile woman and participated in an raged private initiative in minor busi­ Did the investigators attempt to learn peasants. the identities of two men pictured in a unsuccessful Polish uprising. He said he ness and trade, and supported small From 1921 to I930, approximately hid in a bunker until January 17, 1945, ^.entrepi:eneuj:&, -.Еxсер1, for land,^Jinan- 1941 photo with Mr. Demjanjuk, a11 of 500 new cooperatives were organized them in Red Army uniforms? asked Mr. until freed by the "Russki." Mr. Reich­ -ml institutions^; hsavyr industry and each year. By 1930, 3,146 cooperatives man wrote down his recollections while transportation, everything was to be O'Connor. (The two men were priso­ with 400,000 members existed in wes­ ners of war along with Mr. Demjanjuk.) hiding out, and these were later pub­ returned to the private ownership of the tern Ukraine. Of those, 2,798 were in lished as a book. people. Mr. Ish-Shalom said the investigators Galicia serving 369,000 members. saw no need to do this. The prosecution attempted to intro­ The decrees of the Ninth Congress The central federation and organiza­ duce into evidence Mr. Reichman's were rescinded in the new climate of the Mr. O'Connor also asked why the tion providing ideological leadership investigators had not taken witnesses to 1981 testimony in Cleveland, but the NEP period, and cooperatives were was the Central Inspection Union of defense objected. Judge Levin over­ permitted to renew their philosophy of the prison to identify Mr. Demjanjuk in Ukrainian Cooperatives. Its two promi­ person. Mr. Ish-Shalom responded that ruled the protest, saying that he could community self-help. They were regard­ nent leaders were Julian Pawlikowsky, make such decisions as he considers ed as potential tools in rebuilding the the witnesses were afraid of such a president and chief organizer for more confrontation. At this point Judge Dov appropriate. destroyed agricultural sector and co- than two decades, and Ostap Luckyj, Asked to describe "Ivan," Mr. Reich­ operatism was considered a method of Levin interrupted, saying he did not the executive director who was arrested believe this. man said he was "as large as a horse," teaching "cGmmunists to trade" and in 1939 and died in Siberia in 1941. with short hair and protruding ears, helping ffarmers to 1earn about socia­ Defense attorney Yoram Sheftel re­ The strongest cooperatives were rural ferred to testimony by Shmuel Cohen about 25 years of age. He wore a gray lism." and the most dynamic of these - the uniform. In the wake of these "reforms"an All­ (June 7, 1976) who could not pick "Ivan dairy co-ops. They were united in 136 of Treblinka"from I7photographs. He During the cross-examination by Mr. Ukrainian Cooperative "Union" was regional associations with 250,000 formed, and by 1927 it encompassed 41 then stated that, in accordance with Gill, Mr. Reichman could not show on peasant homesteads headed by a central Israeli law, a witness who has failed to two maps of Treblinka where he lived district leagues, 8,839 various coopera­ organization, the Maslosoyuz. By 1930, tives and over 3.5 million members. By identify a suspect cannot be questioned and worked. He finally indicated the 322 credit unions functioned under the about this a second time, and that this is places, but his answers were incorrect. 1928 approximately 35 percent of all leadership of Centrobank with assets of village activities were united in the what the investigators were now trying After this, Judge Levin called a recess of 17,051,54О Polish zloty, (5 zloty equalled to do. Mr. Ish-Shalom responded that 15 minutes because the witness was Ukrainian cooperative movement. S1). This represented 33.2 percent of all The period of partial autonomy and he had not questioned Mr. Cohen but tired. Afterwards, the witness returned cooperative assets in western Ukraine. had simply inquired about his health, and said he had make a mistake in tolerance ended in 1929 when Stalin By 1938 western Ukraine had 3,455 began a period of intense collectiviza­ place of residence, etc. answering the previous question, yet he cooperatives. These included consumer Mr. O'Connor, returning to the did not offer the correct response. tion, centralization and attacks on cooperatives, the largest being Narodna Ukrainian farmers. The same year a law matter of photo spreads, cited a state­ Mr. Gill then asked the witness to Torhovla with headquarters in Lviv, ment by police investigator Martin describe the differences between the Tamara Denysenko is editor of Co­ production enterprises, manufacturing Kolar at proceedings against Feodor upper and lower camps at Treblinka. operative Tribune, a quarterly publica­ associations, such as Suspilny Promysl, Fedorenko, that a witness must identify Mr. Reichman replied that he does not tion of the Ukrainian National Credit Buduchnist, labor, women's and tailor­ at least three photographs of the ac­ remember. He said he spent only three Union Association based in Chicago, ing Trud cooperatives, as well as Ukrai­ cused, although Israeli law speaks of 10 days in the lower camp and was so nians folk art cooperatives whose aim photos if that many are available. Judge frightened that he saw nothing and The KoristJvka... was to bring Ukrainian folk art into Levin rejected this statement without could not remember. (Continued from page 2) popular use. The trading cooperatives' giving his reasons. Also in responding to Mr. Gi1l's dinates, comments that were evidently turnover was approximately 160 million When Mr. Sheftel asked why the questions, the witness said he was told regarded with contempt at the hearing. Polish zlotys, and the 688 credit unions photos shown the witnesses were not by the older Jews that the guards were The inspection service was attacked had about 40 million. randomly scattered, but were neatly Ukrainians. Asked if he knew the heavily during the investigation. Some­ The movement published five pe­ arranged in a photo album - with some Ukrainian language or the Russian times, it revealed, drivers were removed riodicals, organized numerous coopera­ of the photos being larger and clearer language, Mr. Reichman said he did from their posts for a shoddy 4)erfor- tive courses, established a one-year than others - Mr. Ish-Shalom said this not. Therefore, how could you know the mance, and then reinstated shortly school in Yavoriv, a three-year college­ is the way it's been done in Israel for guards were Ukrainians? asked Mr. afterward. Inspectors were said to be style Cooperative Lyceum in Lviv and a many years. Mr. Sheftel then said that GilL carrying in a special book various dairy school in Stryi. identification made under such circum­ Mr. Reichman repeated a vulgar details about "defects" in the driving of Ties with the wor1d cooperative stances carries less weight. phrase he heard the guards use, but trains, but these books did not receive movement were maintained as well. On Monday afternoon the prosecu­ when asked if he knew this phrase could so much as a glance "for months and Ukrainian representatives were present tion called its next witness, a Treblinka also be in Russian, he said he did not at all the international cooperative even for years." "How can there be congresses of the 1nternational Coope­ survivor who now lives in Uruguay: know. order?" inquired Izvestia, "with such rative.^ AJliancefrom-bef^rf-.W.orld War Yehiel Reichman, a 12-усаг-о]4 million- . Mr. Reichman gay9 conXlicUng ac- ; *co^ tr ol ^V w і 11r s u G h devi Um a y-ear e . .^^^ j^^^j. "ЛЧЯ^.Ьй:1^^Ій.ЛІ^^І5Й.^-^ bi^sine^ss. Mr. , count5 of h0w.'hp^cac9^e to;be a barber. 1n attitudes in the inspection service?" Reicbman, a native of Lodz, Poland, (Continued on page 16) No. 11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987

New Yorker Kathy Smindak... (tradition and rebellion) together."(Just for the record, who, in Miss Smindak's words, are in the midst of their her parents are Helen and Joseph Smindak.) "careers but are looking for a young, active look." (Continued from page 8) And, indeed, this is what she goes for in the clothes She says she is grateful for this opportunity because responsibility she has. But the more you talk with her, she designs. In one sense, the clothes have to be it offers her a new challenge and enables her to work "average," the type many people would like to wear, you see that there is something every determined in with the age group she is very interested in. Miss "but I also want something with a different twist, but Kathy Smindak, and part of this determination may Smindak is already busy with sketches of this new line that's not too extreme," Miss Smindak emphasizes. have come from the desire to make sense of her of clothing. By the end of summer, she says she'll know "traditionaF' background and her desire to "rebel." And it is the unexpected that is most interesting if her efforts have been fruitful. Based on how things "I was always the kid who wanted to rebel, but I had about her clothes. The most recent line of clothing she have been going so far, they probably will be. such a traditional background. 1 want so much to be designed, which is for the summer, reflected the different, yet traditional. It's keeping the balance," "Monaco" look. She has designed what at first glance she states, her voice trailing off. looks like your average jean skirt or a pair of jeans, but Miss Smindak grew up in an atmosphere where there is a catch — a pocket where you 1east expect it, or there was a great emphasis on her Ukrainian heritage, a frilly, feminine bottom on a narrow, nianly skirt. but one which encouraged creativity in many different What is very important in the clothes she designed areas, she says, She attended Ukrainian cultural for the summer season is lines, Miss Smindak states. courses at Soyuzivka; the Ukrainian National They go in every direction, up and down, from left to Association's resort in the Catskill Mountains, (where right, and encompass a wor1d of colors — red, yellow, she also worked as a waitress for two summers) and green, blue, turquoise. Some are thick, others are thin, Ukrainian language courses at the Ukrainian Institute but always there is a symmetry. It is perhaps her youth of America in New York City, took bandura lessons, that enables Miss Smindak to design the clothes she danced with Roma Pryma~Bohachevsky's "Syzokryli" does, because it is similar to what she herself might like and took embroidery and beadwork classes at The to wear, although she cautions she is bent more toward Ukrainian Museum, also in New York, She has high fashion. (In fact, high fashion influences the type traveled to Ukraine, and several other Eastern of clothing young women will wear, but a year later.) European countries. And then there is the other side. All this, she states, has encouraged her love of the arts (the modern period of art is perhaps her favorite "I never imagined this could happen," Miss and she has a great care for Cubism, she says). While at Smindak says about her work with JEANJER. "A lot the State University of New York at Purchase, where of people are waiting to get these types of jobs. It's a she received her bachelor of fine arts in 1985, she funny business. People go for 10 years from company designed clothes for the theatre and found the to company and never do anything on their own. A lot Ukrainian folk costume had a "big influence" on the of it had to do with luck. The wonderful thing is that he clothes she designed. (Mr. Kobo) took me on and nurtured a raw talent." Part of her rebellion encompassed wearing what she Miss Smindak says she hopes to continue working in the describes as "rags" and shaving part of her head. fashion industry, and one day come out with a line of "My mother would say, 'You're never going to get a clothing with her name on it. "Everybody dreams of job looking like that.' And my father would answer, having their own label company. I don't know if that 'Leave her alone, she's not hurting anybody.' I always can happen." said I was the best-dressed shopping bag lady. The In the meantime, her responsibilities keep increas­ clothes were rags, but always nice rags. I had to ing. Just recently she was put in charge of designing experiment. I like being different. I don't like looking JEANJER's new showroom, where the clothes will be like everybody else. I'm trying to bring the two/ much more contemporary, suited for women age 23-30 Jeans and skirt designed by Miss Smindak. illegal: according to Catholic and traditional Russian 4. Analect OSBM., "First Victims of Communism White For the record... Orthodox canon law, to be valid, a synod must be Book on the Religious Persecution in Ukraine (Rome, (Continued from page 7) called by the pope or by a patriarch and must be 1953), pp. 42-44. This book was composed by Ukrainian NKVD began arresting the entire Ukrainian Catholic attended by bishops. Yet Soviet authorities consider Catholic priests resident in Rome; it was translated from hierarchy of western Ukraine, including the secular this "Sobor" and its decisions binding on all Ukrainian 1talian with Ecclesiastical Approbation. 5. See, for example, K. Kharchev, chairman of the and monastic clergy ~ a program that would last for Catholics in the USSR to this day.5 jhe protests of Council of Religious Affairs attached to the USSR Council the next five years. Along with Metropolitan Josyf almost З00 Ukrainian clerics and the 1946 and 1952 of Ministers, in an interview for the Warsaw weekly, Prawo і Slipyj, the NKVD arrested Bishop Nykyta Budka, the encyclicals of Pope Pius XIІ in defense of the Zycie, February 8, 1986, p. 13. The current stand of the vicar general of the metropolitan; Gregory Khomy- Ukrainian Catholic Church have gone unheeded. Russian Orthodox Church regarding the Lviv "Sobor" is shyn, the bishop of Stanislav, and his auxiliary bishop, Moreover, the same fate met the Catholic Church in presented in detail in "The Moscow Patriarchate and the John Liatyshevsky; Paul Goydych, the bishop of Transcarpathia, a part of Czechoslovakia incorpo­ Liquidation of the Eastern Rite Catholic Church in Priashiv, and his auxiliary bishop, Basil Норко; rated into the Ukrainian SSR at the end of Wor1d War Ukraine," Religion in Communist Lands, Vol. 13, No. 2, bishop Nicholas Charnetsky, apostolic visitator of II, where the Mukachiv eparchy was liquidated and Summer 1985, pp. 182-188. Compare the article of Volyn; Msgr. Peter Verhun, apostolic visitator for subordinated to the Russian Orthodox Church in Metropolitan Nikodimus of Lviv and Tem0piI published in Visti z Ukrainy, No. 5, January 1986, with the article in Ukrainian emigrants in Germany: and Josaphat 1947. 1ts bishop, Theodor Romzha, was killed.^ Moskovskyye Novosti, No. 22, June 1986, and the article of Kotsylovsky, the bishop of Peremyshl, and his The following table, comparing the situation of the K. Dmytruk in Radianska Ukraina, May 31, 1986. auxiliary bishop, Gregory Lakota. (All but one of Ukrainian Catholic Church prior to Wor1d War II 6. Analecta, "First Victims,'* pp. 30-59. these either died in prison or died shortly thereafter, with the situation in 1950, offers a graphic picture of 7. Soviet Persecution of Religion in Ukraine," Human their health ruined by the abuse they had suffered; only the losses suffered by the Church from its forced Rights Commission, Wor1d Congress of Free Ukrainians, Metropolitan Slipyj, through the efforts of Pope John reunion.^ Toronto, 1976, p. 28. XXIII, was finally released from prison in 1963 and allowed to leave for Rome.) According to eyewit­ nesses, in Lviv alone there were about 800 priests II SITUATION OF THE UKRAINIAN CATHOLIC CHURCH || imprisoned at that time; and in Chortkiv about 150 priests from the district of Tem0piI were deported to Number in 1939 Losses Suffered by 1950 Siberia.4 Meanwhile, in late May 1945, as these mass arrests All dioceses liquidated. of Catholic clergy were being carried out, Soviet Territory of Apostolic Visitator ....1 Liquidated. authorities sponsored the so-called Initiating Com­ All imprisoned, condemned, died in mittee for the Reunification of the Greek Catholic prison, killed, or exiled. Church With the Russian Orthodox Church. This was Taken over by the Russian Orthodox a preparatory committee, which subsequently con­ Church; some liquidated. vened a pseudosynod - the authorities proclaimed it a Churches and chapels 4,119 Taken over by the Russian Orthodox "Sobor" - in Lviv on March 8-10, 1946. In that Church or closed. "Sobor" an end was proclaimed to the 1596 Union of Monasteries and convents 142 Confiscated and closed by the autho­ Brest, and the Ukrainian Catholic Church was rities; a few transferred to the Rus­ declared "reunified" with the Russian Orthodox sian Orthodox Church. Church. Other church institutions All liquidated. This entire exercise was planned and guided by Fewer than half forced into Russian Soviet authorities. Knowledge of the "Sobor" was Orthodox Church; others imprisoned withheld from the public; no advance election of or in hiding. delegates was held, and only 216 clerics and 19 laymen Dispersed, imprisoned together with — allegedly representing the Ukrainian Catholic three Provincial Superiors. Church — brought about *'reunification." Not Dispersed or imprisoned. surprisingly, the NKVD was entrusted with the task of Dispersed or refugees. coercing the remaining Catholic clergy to join the Nuns 580 Dispersed. 1 Russian Orthodox Church. Faithful 4,048,515 Many imprisoned or deported for But the Vatican and the Ukrainian Catholic Church their faith; majority resisting passive- in the West have refused to recognize this forced 'y- reunification, considering it to be uncanonical and 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987 No.11

Ukrainian community...archive s to the commission and thus WCFU... help speed up its work. Matlock... (Continued from page 3) (Continued from page 3) Tania Vytvytsky of Boston told the (Continued from page 3) to attend. The week could continue with national character and sensibilities of ambassador her community is in­ organized press conferences by local Ukrainians. terested in the Ukrainian input into the bassy) and said h,e saw the reforms groups for local news media utilizing Several participants expressed Soviet-American cultural exchanges. that Mikhail Gorbachev is trying to information packages provided by the concerns about the celebration in the She specifically mentioned such things implement as propaganda, in part, Chornobyl Committee, as well as dele­ USSR ofthe millennium of Christianity as book exchanges and effective Ukrai­ "but not superficial... not just for gations' visits to government officials to and cautioned the ambassador about nian-language courses in Ukraine for show." lobby for aid for the Chornobyl victims. 'he Soviet use of this event to spread Americans. He said he thought General Finally the group suggests organized disinformation and sow discord. Eugene Iwanciw, president of the Secretary Gorbachev realized that academic conferences and seminars, as Bohdan Futey, chairman of the Ukrainian Association of Washington Soviet technological improvement well as attempts to get school children Foreign Claims Settlement Com­ and a UNA supreme advisor, opened depends on letting people think more and youths involved. mission and a nominee for a federal the discussion after the ambassador's freely and exchange ideas with out­ "We believe that m this way we will be iudgeship (Messrs. Futey and Matlock initial remarks. After congratulating siders. But he would not predict how able to attract wor1d attention to the were nominated to their respectice him on the nomination, he brought up the successful Mr. Gorbachev would be forgetten victims of the Chornobyl offices on the same day), brought up the matter of Ukrainian seaman Myroslav with his reforms or how long they catastrophe who are scattered all over fact that the congressionally mandated Medvid. who had unsuccessfully sought would last. the Soviet empire. Perhaps in this way Ukrainian Famine Commission cu- asylum in the U.S. Mr. 1wanciv told Mr. Matlock identified for the we will be able to help them receive the rently is gathering information on this Ambassador Matlock that this incident senators four main areas of U.S. medical care and attention they need." genocide and suggested that Ambas­ still weights heavily within the Ukrai­ diplomatic concern in the Soviet sador Motlock should request from the nian American community, and urged Union: the use of Soviet military WHY TAX YOURSELR Soviet authorities now proclaiming him to do whatever he can to help Mr. force abroad; the level of Soviet Let experience work for you. "glasnost" that they open Soviet Medvid. nuclear armaments; the Soviet human­ Michael Zaplitny, EA, CFP The were about 20 community rights situation; and the desirability FIRESIDE TAX CONSULTING BOOK leaders at the luncheon-meeting with of real exchanges between people in 909 Union Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. 11215 THE OTHER HOLOCAUST: Ambassador Matlock and Dr. Court­ the USSR and the U.S. (718)6221560 ney. Many Circles of HeI1 Ambassador Matlock speaks by Bohdan Wytwycky Й^#5?о5о5о5*г5*#5*'^о5^*5о5о5о5т. *І Russian, German, French, Swahili and Czech. He understands Ukrai­ HURYN MEMORIALS Preface by Michael Novak І HUCULKA І nian and can read a prepared text in Icon & Souvenir's Distribution This work brings together for the first time FOR THE FINEST 1N CUSTOM MADE 2860 Buhre Ave. #2R Ukrainian, but does not speak the in English the sources which document the MEMORIALS INSTALLED 1N ALL CEME­ m:Kr. Bronx, N.Y. 10461 ш:Щ language freely. TERIES IN THE METROPOL1TAN AREA systematic kilting of millions of Polish, Ukrainian, Belorussian and Gypsy (Rom) Щ ТеI.: (212) 931-1579 after 6 p.m. ?Hj of New York including Holy Spirit in civilians at the hands of the Nazis. Although the ?-.*.й Representative and wholesaler of embroidered? ? Г^^\Фш^.^^ ш^i^ Hamptonburgh, N.Y., St. Andrew's in South l*^i bIouses for adults and children. І*К: L/ GІГОIЇ suffering of the Jews under Hitler is well-known, Bound Brook, Pine Bush Cemetery in Ж*" Embroidered bIouse - an excellent gift f0r4j(I; the destruction of nine to ten million - or more ЛЛ celebrating the 1000 year Christianity in Ukraine, t І (Continued from page 5) Kerhonkson and Glen Spey Cemetery - Gypsy and Slavic civilians who were also in GIen Spey, New York. singled out for annihilation for racial reasons is ?ІЗІ"ІІ**І2^*'^*'І2І**^**^"^**І2:**:2:**Й;**Й;**;^Г1 anim0us vote. *К!*.!5!*г!5!о!5:,*!5То!г!о!5:.г!5!о!5!о!5!оГ5!о!5!*гГгТ*?; We offer personal service & guidance in your virtually unknown in the United States. Formal proposals and recommenda­ home. For a bilingual representatives call: The Other Holocaust: - S8.95 each tions were submitted for adoption: a A NEW BOOK Available only through The Novak Report: continuity of fraternal activities such as rWAN HURYN 1400 Eye Street, N.W., Suite 1150 HAWAIIAN ORDEAL P.O.Box121 Washington, D.C. 20005 social gatherings, picnics, Christmas UKRAINIAN CONTRACT WORKERS Hamptonburgh, N.Y. 10916 Ask about bookstore and large quantity programs for children, etc. must con­ Tel.: (914) 427-2684 orders. 1897 ~ 1910 sistently prevail in this area; to avoid ByM. EWANCHUK M BO**DAW l?EICSHYNSKYJ "It is the first study ever to deal in an in­ further erroneous conception of actual 45 East 7th Street formed and leved-headed manner with an issue PricesX3.95 membership growth among active of such great importance not only to Ukrainians, New York, N.Y. 10003 Order Autographed copies from Poles and other Slavs, but also to Jews..." groupings, a proposal was made to drop Tel.: (212) 477-6523 828 Borebank, Winnipeg, Man. The Ukrainian Weekly passive branches such as 341, 463, 504, R3N 1G4, Canada and 506 from the district roster.

YOVNGSTOWN AND VICINITY Ukrainian National A ssociation DISTRICT COMMITTEE of WILKES BARRE, Pa. THE YOUNGSTOWN DISTRICT COMMITTEE OF UNA BRANCHES announces that announces that its ANNUAL MEETING ANNUAL MEETING will be held will be held Sunday, April 5, 1987 at 2:00 p.m. Saturday, April 4, 1987, at 3 p.m. at the St. Peter & Paul Ukrainian Orthodox Center 1025 North Bella Vista, YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio Hall of Si. Volodymyr Ukrainian Catholic Church All members of the District Committee, Convention Delegates, Branch EXelegates and Officers of the following Branches are requested Zerbey A venue, ED WARDS VILIE, Pa. to attend without fail: The Branch officers, Convention delegates and representatives of the following UNA Branches are Invited to attend the meeting: Titusville, Pa. -- 11, Campbell ~ 119 & 218, Youngstown - 140, 230, 274 & 348 29,30,99,169,223,236,282

PROGRAM: PROGRAM:

1. Opening 1. Opening 2. Minutes of preceding meeting 2. Election of presidium for annual meeting 3. Election of presidium for annual meeting 3. Minutes of preceding meeting ? 4. Reports of District Committee 6fficers 4. Reports of District Committee Orficers 5. Discussion on reports 5. Discussion on reports and acceptance 6. Vote of confidence 6. Election of District Committee Officers 7. Election of District Committee Officers 7. Address of UNA Supreme Advisor WILLIAM PASTUSZEK 8. Adoption of District Program for 1987 8. Question and answer 9. Address of UNA Supreme President, Dr. JOHN 0. FLIS 9. Adoption of District Program for I987 10. Discussion and Resolutions 10. Discussion and Resolutions . 11. Adjournment 11. Adjournment

Meeting will be attended by: Meeting will be attended by: William PastUSZek, UNA Supreme Advisor Andrew Jula, UNA Supreme Advisor AI1 UNA members are invited to attend this meeting. Dr. John 0. Flis. UNA Supreme President [)ISTRICT COM M1T7 EF DISTR1CT COMM1TTEE: Roman Diakiw, Honorar\ President Was\I Stefuryn, Chairman Estelle Wploshyn,^President ^ „ Мзгу Makar, Secretary Helen H@lak, Stcretai\ No.11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15,1987 13

institutes. Prof. Grabowicz concluded Harvard... the symposium by summarizing its FEBRUARY-IIIIARCH - FUND-RAISING (Continued from page 4) accomplishments and announcing that, Praise in the Humanistic ЯсЬооГ"). according to the agreement between the MONTHS FOR UKRAINIAN COMMUNITY FUN0 The main questions raised related to American Council of Learned Sorjeties Dear community members, Ukrainians in the U.S.: the notion of system and the systemic and the Soviet Academy of Sciences,the The brutal repression and great suffering endured by our nation in nature of Ukrainian literature in its next scheduled meeting for discussing Ukraine, including the horrible aftereffects of radiation following the nuclear historical development and the need to "Ukrainian Classic Literature" is to be disaster in Chornobyl, as well as the mighty campaign of enemy forces; ДКе examine systematically the entire held in the academic year 1987-88 in defamation of our name and accusations of alleged war crimes, demand ftom literary-historical context; the question Kiev. us a consolidation of all our national forces to counteract this slander. of bi- and multilingualism in various During their stay at Harvard the 1n the face of such a hopeless situation, the Ukrainian American historical stages of Ukrainian literature; Ukrainian guests had a chance to meet Coordinating Council has always stressed the need for one strong central the question of Ukrainian-Polish and with Harvard University administrators organization of Ukrainians in the United States and has worked toward the Ukrainian-Russian literary relations; - particularly the dean of the Faculty realization of this goal. Unfortunately, through no fault of the UACC, these the interrelation of literature and of Arts and Sciences and the vice­ attempts have thus far been fruitless. folklore; the specific problems asso­ president of the university — and with The UACC has studied the possibilities of establishing, on the basis of the ciated with the period of Humanism in various professors in areas of Slavic Canadian experience, a special committee which would take charge of Ukrainian history and the broad issue studies and literary criticism, They also gathering materials and mustering the appropriate manpower to prepare an j of literature and national identity. visited the Harvard Ukrainian Research analysis of the Ukrainian immigration to the United States and publish its | Institute, where they met the associates findings. ; Miilennium plans and graduate students working there, The UACC cooperated in the efforts to gain New \оП State Education and became acquainted with its re­ Department approval of a volume on genocide that comams )піи mation At the end of the round-table dis­ search and publications. about the Great Famine in Ukraine, and which will be incorporate0 nto 'he cussion Prof. Pritsak informed those While in New York the Ukrainian curriculum of schools in the state 01 New York. present of the work done to date and of delegation visited the Modern Language The UACC executive committee actively participates ni ^ne wo^ к of ^he future p1ans of the Harvard Millennium Association and the Slavic Division of National Committee to Commemorate the Millennium oi Chrb'\4nity m Project. In turn, the directors of the the New York Public Library, and in Ukraine, Institute of Literature and the Institute Washington, met with William H. In external political matters, the execut!Ve continued 'b соп:а^..s u ^^h of Linguistics described the research Courtney the U.S. consul general­ government officials as well as ethnic organizations, and мірроги-J tb e and publishing p1ans of their respective designate for КіеV„ policies which benefitted the Captive Nations and especia!K Ukrame. The executive committee made interventions in regard to ^he L 3. ' Consulate in Kiev and supported actions of the Ukrainian Hefsmk u 0up \ ) THE PERFECT GIFT representative of the UACC participated, within the delegation leo by '^^e Wor1d Congress of Free Ukrainians, 'm the Conference ^)п Security ^ d Cooperation Ш Europe that opened lO November 1986 m vienna. GOLD TRIDENT 1n order to enable the UACC to continue fulfilling its goals, as weI) as' s financial obligation toward the WCFU, which атоипь to S3'\500, 'le JEWELRY executive committee thanks all its past supporters and appeals to the public I0 , continue supporting the Ukrainian Community Fund established three ye^rs : from ago to help cover the costs of UACC activity. | The Ukramian Community Fund dues are as follows: S25O from natioral [ organizations; S5O from their branches; S25 from employed persons: S і 5 frr n - EMBLEMS OF THE WORLD retired persons; S5 from students. p.0. Box 2224 Ventnor. N.J. 08406 \ We ask that, if feasible, you contribute more than these minima1 sums. | Toll free 1-800-872-3600 | Checks should be made payable to^. Ukrainian4,\v^|tjeripMb?CQ,Q^feating | Send for free brochure Council, and mailed to: ' ^ ^ '--'- ^; UKRAINIAN AMERICAN COORDINATING COUNCIL | UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION 142 Second Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003 j Branch 161 UACC Executive Committee I On July 11, 1987 will host its There's no place like SECOND ANNUAL UNA GOLF TOURNAMENT SOYUZIVKA Details as to location, prizes and entertainment are already set and will be provided later. For Further information contact: Mr. Andrew Jula 1987 SUMMER/FALL 600 Glenwood Ave. Ambridge, PA. 15003 (412) 266-3130 CAMPS & WORKSHOPS at SOYUZIVKA

THE PRICE QF FREEDOM TENNIS CAMP - June 21 - July 2 (Boys and Girls ages 12-18). Food and lodging S180.0O (UNA members) - "WITHIN WEEKS OUR BROTHER IN CHRIST, OUR S210.0O (rion-members). Tehnis fee: S60:00, George Sawchak, Zenon Snylyk -- instuctors FELLOW UKRAINIAN, JOHN DEMJANJUK WILL BEGIN THE BATTLE FOR HIS LIFE. BOYS' CAMP --.July 5 --ІШ 25 LIKE MANY OF YOU HE HAS SUFFERED THROUGH Recreation camp for boys ages 7-12, featuring hiking, swimming, games. RELATED FORMS OF PERSECUTION. Ukrainian songs and folklore. ,^, / UNA members: S100.0O per week; non-members:4120.00 per week. HE LIVED THROUGH FORCED FAMINE IN UKRAINE . . . Maria Olynec - Camp Leader HE LIVED THROUGH WORLD WAR II .. . HE LIVED THROUGH FORCED REPATRIATION . . . GIRLS'CAMP ~ July 5 - July 25 WE BELIEVE HIS ONLY CRIME IS .. . Similar program to boys' camp; same prices. . THAT HE LIVED. Maria Olynec--Camp Leader

PLEASE HELP PRESERVE THE LIFE OF UKRAINIAN FOLK DANCE WORKSHOP - July 26 - August 8 AN INNOCENT MAN Traditional Ukrainian folk dancing for beginners, intermediate and advanced Prayers and Financial Support Desperately Needed dancers. Please send donations to: Instructor: Roma Prima-Bohachewsky Umit 60 students THE JOHN DEMJANJUK Food and lodging S195.0O (UNA memDers), S225.0O (non-members; DEFENSE FUND Instructor's fee: S100.0O P.O. BOX 92819 CLEVELAND, OHIO 44192 For more information, please contact the management of Soyuzivka: The only fami!y authorized fund in the UNITED STA TES SOYUZIVKA UNA ESTATE except for Churches Foordemoore Rd , Kerhonkson. N.Y. 12446 " (^M) 626-5f ^ 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987 No.11

vious to the basis ^acts of the situation Ukrainian National Association An appraisal... currently at hand.| SEEKS TO HIRE PART TIME AND FULL TIME (Continued from page 6) Pronouncement| to the effect that longer just a legal premise but now has "the government of Israel does not Experienced the sanction of Church authority. possess the right to prosecute Mr. John Demjanjuk,'' which were still being INSURANCE AGENTS or GENERAL AGENTS The upshot of bringing religion into circulated in Canada mere days before the picture is that the two opposing the trial, are a case in point. They are - fluent in Ukrainian and English: camps are even more entrenched now vacuous and come too late to offer Toronto, Winnipeg, Montreal, and other areas on the basis of creed. It is a kind of anything in the way of a constructive, religious war scenario in miniature — credible alternative. Worse, such pro­ Leads supplied ~salary not draw ~ plus override - all benefits. each side has enlisted its own support Write or telephone: nouncements are disturbing in that they from above with the result that, for appear to ignore or to contradict the Ukrainian National Association, Inc. those so inclined, Mr. Demjanjuk's sincere efforts undertaken by Ukrai­ 30 !MIontgomery Street, Jersey City, N. J. 07302 innocence or guilt has become a matter nians to ensure a fmr defense and a fair Tel.:(201)451-2200 of religious convictions. This does not trial. They seem to indicate a kind of bode well for Jewish-Ukrainian rela­ disorientation in which crucial distinc­ tions in the aftermath of the trial, tions between legitimate defense and regardless of its outcome. excess begin to fade. What: PUBLIC MEETINGS Why: Presentation/lecture on: The point is not that religion should All three of these patterns have DEFENSE OF HUMAN RIGHTS be removed from the issue, for that unnecessarily heightened Ukrainian­ Trial of John Demjanjuk in Israel would indeed be difficult if not im­ Jewish tensions an|d may continue to do Activities against defamation of Ukrainians possible to achieve at this late stage. so in the months ahead. Ukrainians may Moreover, few would dispute the legiti­ soon come to realize that such tensions Who: Americans for Human Rights in Ukraine - AHRU mate and laudable humanitarian assis­ are detrimental to both sides and only Ukrainian National Center: History and Information Network - UNCHAIN tance of religious bodies in lending serve the interests of a third party, a Where: moral support to the family of the hidden player. Tl^ey may also see that Newark/lrvington, Sunday, March 15, 1987, 4:00 P.M. accused and in working to ensure an each of the three patterns, brought into School Auditorium of St. John Ukrainian School adequate case for the defense and a just awareness, may be confronted and dis­ Sanford Ave., and Ivy St., Newark, N.J. trial. But the ro1e of religion should be mantled. For the ^ake of future Jewish­ . l4ew York, Sunday, March 22,1987, 2:00 P.M. strictly limited to only those tasks and, Ukrainian understending and coopera­ Ukrainian Sports CIub Hail, 122 2nd Avenue, New York, N.Y. above all, the Churches must avoid the tion, let us hope that this occurs. Detroit, Saturday, March 28,1987, 7:00 P.M. pitfall of second-guessing the legal process. Claims of Mr. Demjanjuk's As for the trial itself, it cannot be Immaculate Conception Grade School Auditorium, Westbrook St., Warren, Ml. denied that Ukr|ainians have done Buffalo, Sunday, April 5, 1987, 4:00 P.M. innocence or guilt on the basis of religion fly in the face of respect for the everything in their power to ensure Ukrainian-America Civic Center, 205 Military Rd., Buffalo, N.Y. law. They also run the risk of ,being adequate representation, fairness and Speakers: deceptive and inflammatory. humanitarian support for the family of Bozhena Olshaniwsky, President AHRU the aGcused. Many hope that Mr. Ог; Bohdan Vitvitsky, author, attorney, community actmst * 3. The loss of a unified perspective: Demjanjuk is innocent and that he will . Anisa Sawycka, Director UNCHAIN Information Service The third pattern that has emerged is be found innocent. That hope should be a kind of tunnel vision that is imper­ for his sake, not theirs.

THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION ANNOUNCES SCHOLARSHiP AWARDS FOR THE ACADEMrC VEAR i987/8S The scholarships are available to ^dents at an accredited coi!ege or university, WHO HAVE BEEN MEMBERS OF THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR AT LEAST TWO YEARS. Appiicants are judged on the basis of scholastic record, fi­ nancial need and involvement in Ukrainian community and student life. Applica­ tions are to be submitted no later than APRIL 1, 1987. For application form write to: UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION Jnc. 30 Montgomery Street в Jersey City, N. J. 07302 AnENTI0N! APPLICATIONS SUBMinED WITHOUT ALL RE0U1RED DOCUMENTS ATTACHED WiLl NOT BE REVIEWED BY THE COMMITTEE.

Ukrainian Institute of America presents an afternoon 5with dissident poet IRYNA RATUSHYNSKA on Sunday, March 15, 1987 at 4 p.m. Miss Ratushynska will read her poetry; a translator will provide English translations. Ukrainian Institute of America 2 East 79th Street, New York, N,Y. 10021 let.: (212) 288-86BO Suggested donation: 17.00; Limited seating; doors open at 3 p.m.

Ukrainian Institute of America presents - "LISTEN TO THEIVI SING: THE UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE OF FOLK MUSIC THROUGH THE AGES" Featuring Bohdan TymyC, Montreal "TARAS BULBA' Based Yevshan Records producer BRONZE EDITION OF 10 - S3,200 Saturday, March 21,1987 at 7:30 p.m. SILVER-GOLD EDITION OF 1 - S21,50O Mr. Tymyc will give an audio-visual presentation about the historv of Ukrainian folk motifs. HT. 34", W. 17", WT. 45 lbs. Suggested donation: S5.0O * UKRAINIAN ARTS OF SEDONA * Ukrainian Institute of America 2 East 79th Street, New York, N.Y VWI P:0. Box 825 * Sedona, AZ 86336 * 602-282-75З7 ' '"'' ^ ' -'''(212)288-'8660 No. 11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987 15

lations on a "voluntary" basis. The loom very large in Polish conscious­ civilians by the Ukrainian nationalist ^^Akcja Wisla"... transfer was to be concluded before ness. movement, as well as advocating the (Continued from page 4) April 1945. However, it was not until rights of a comparably large Polish areas near predominantly Polish towns the Yalta Conference in February 1945, Remarked Prof. Potichnyj during his minority still living in Ukraine. in Eastern Galicia. According to Polish that a final decision on the border lecture, "It is still dangerous to identify Communist historian Antoni Szczes- between Poland and the USSR was yourself as a Ukrainian in Poland." Ukrainians repressed niak, the Polish resistance had adopted made. a policy of assimilation or, if need be, of This initial resettlement action un­ Jaruzelski inv6lved Although the Polish government total deportation of Ukrainians. leashed a wave of anti-Ukrainian ac­ does not keep tabs on its ethnic mino­ tions. One of the victims was Prof. He related how a professor, Jerzy rities, the most reliable estimates place Wiatr, of the Polish Academy of "Unofficiar' war Potichnyj's 73 year-old grandmother. the number of Ukrainians still living in Akcja Wisla became part of a two­ Sciences told McMaster students quite Poland at between 180,000and З00,000. Consequently, an "unofficial" war pronged effort to comp1ete the initial recently that, "As far as the Polish Their future is bleak, said Prof. Poti- broke between the Polish and Ukrai­ 1944-45 resettlement program, and to people are concerned, the Ukrainians chnij. Ukrainians and their status as nian nationalist undergrounds that wipe out the Ukrainian nationalist got what they deserved." One of the citizens are hidden from view in con­ lasted well into 1948 with thousands of insurgents fighting a losing battle people who frequently boasts about temporary Poland. Officially sponsored casualties. Horrible atrocities against against the Soviet occupation of U- wiping out the Ukrainian "bandits" and assimilation is the general rule. civilian populations were committed by kraine. 1t had the full backing of the taking part in Akcja Wisla is none other In all of Poland today, there are only both sides. Soviet Union, which sent top-ranking than Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski. officers to oversee the operation. two secondary schools where Ukrainian "The Germans and the Soviets made The Solidarity movement has made is taught. One central Ukrainian cul­ In Poland today, where historical no effort to stop this mutual slaughter. coming to terms with the Ukrainians as tural organization is allowed to exist, symbolism enflames and extends na­ Quite often they did everything they one of the cardinal points of its pro­ and a heavily censored Ukrainian tional passions, there are many monu­ could to deepen the conflict. It was not gram for change towards democracy weekly is published. A Ukrainian choir ments to the heroic resistance against to their benefit to face a united Polish­ and openness in Polish society. Ironi­ called "Zhuravli" is still very popular in the Nazi invaders and the centuries-old Ukrainian opposition," notes Prof. cally, one of the greatest stumbling Poland, Recently, it even comp1eted a struggle for independence from Russia. Potichnyj. blocks is the nationalistic fervor. Many highly successful tour of North Ame­ But there is no official recognition of With the liberation of Poland, the nationalistic Poles still aspire towards a rica. However, Ukrainians are not Akcja Wisla as a rather ignominious new Communist government continued unilingual and ethnically pure country, allowed to have their own Church page of recent Polish history. Because the plan to deport its ethnic minorities. ideally in borders that extend east into hierarchy, and even recently, Ukrainian of the initial relationship between the In September 1944, it made separate Ukraine. students were denied permission to Ukrainian nationalist underground and agreements with the Lithuanian, Bye­ form their own organization. Many of the Germans during the war, the notion However, as a sign of good will, lorussian and Ukrainian Soviet govern­ the recent refugees from Poland are in of the "bad Ukrainians" continues to stressed Prof. Potichnyj, Ukrainians ments for the mutual transfer of popu­ should also recognize the unjust atroci­ fact Ukrainians fleeing nati6nal oppres­ ties commited against innocent Polish sion. 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DISTRICT COMMITTEE: ANDREW JULA. President City State Zip Code DMYTRO HOLOWATY, Secretary EUSTACHY PROKOPOWYCZ, Treasurer 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 15, 1987 No. 11

Kaganovich, whom Mr. Demjanjuk Police mvestigators... blamed for the famine. Mr. Kaplan said (Continued from page 10) Mr. Demjanjuk had called Kaganovich PREVIEW OF EVENTS " 'zhyd,' a derogatory expression for March19 March 21-22 Monday's testimony he had said he was chosen by the Germans on the first day Jew." During his testimony, Mr. Kaplan WARREN, Mich.: The Ukrainian NEW HAVEN, Conn.: St. Michael's after his arrival at Treblinka; now he said that this happened two days later. read his notes from six conversations he American Bar Association of Michi­ Ukrainian Heritage Center will hold had with the suspect. He also stated that a pysanka (Ukrainian Easter egg) Mr. Reichman testified in Yiddish. gan will feature guest speaker, he felt he had learned little from Mr. George T. Roumell Jr., an attorney demonstration and display by Helen The defense's cross-examination of Demjanjuk that had not already been and immediate past president of the Baduliak of Quakertown, Pa., in St, Mr. Reichman continued on Wednes­ known. Michigan State Bar Association^ Mr. Michael's Church hall at 563 George day, March 11. He answered questions Roumell will speak on dialogue with Ave. There will be two sessions per about the prisoners' revolt at Treblinka The police investigator also said Mr. Soviet lawyers. The opposing view day with a S2 donation. For Satur­ at which time he escaped. Demjanjuk had spoken about the will be presented by Pheonix attor­ day's first session, 1-2:30 p.m., call Asked whether he and other inmates V1as0V Army, the Judenrat (Jewish ney Patience T. Hunt work of the (203) 288-8208, and for the second had thought about kilHng "Ivan," he councils), which he said collaborated Task Force on ABA-Soviet Rela­ session, 3-4:30 p.m., call (203) 288­ responded, there were many "Ivans." with the Nazis; and about some workers tions. Cocktails will begin at 6:30 76З7. For Sunday's 1-2:30 p.m. The prosecution objected to this ques­ at the Ford company plant, who he said p.m. and dinner at 7 p.m. at the session, call (203) 245-7416, and for tion, but Judge Levin overruled and were former German SS men. Mr. Ukrainian Cultural Center, 26601 the 3-4:30 p.m. session, call (203) himself repeated: Would you have Demjanjuk reportedly told Mr. Kaplan, Ryan Road. Cost will be S15. For 28I-7837. Seating is Umited to 50 per killed them? Mr. Reichman responded: ''no one touched them, they only information call Jaroslaw Dobro- session. Yes, we would have killed them, if there wanted Ukrainians." wolskyj, (313)962-6046. had been an opportunity. Mr. Kaplan said the prisoner also gave his opinion that anyone ap­ March 22 Cross-examination on Wednesday March 20 was conducted alrriost entirely by Mr. proached by the Nazis had no choice NEW YORK: The Nova Chamber Gill, who grilled the witness about his but to cooperate, but he stressed that he was speaking in generalities, not about CHICAGO: The Center of Ukrai­ Ensemble will present an evening of recollections. Why, in your book, is nian and Religious Studies will music featuring works for piano and there no mention of'*4van Grozny"? he himself. sponsor an evening program on the cello by Frank Martin, Beethoven, asked. The witness explained that in In addition, Mr. Kaplan said Mr. subject of the Priashiv region titled, Chopin, Cassado and Viktor Ko- Yiddish there is no word for "grozny," Demjanjuk said there was no evidence "Ukrainians in present-day eastern senko, beginning at 5:30 p.m. at the that is why he u.sed the word "satan." against him and observed that his Slovakia: their status, culture and Ukrainian Institute of America, 2 E. Why, in your memoirs is there a descrip­ troubles had begun after his wife visited folklore," with featured speakers, the 79th St. Suggested donations are S1O tion of "1van" only as "large as a horse," the USSR and Soviet authorities learn­ Rev. Stephen Zencuch and Dr. Vasyl for adults and S5 for senior citizens while yesterday you gave a more detail­ ed he was alive. Markus. An exhibit of Ukrainian and students. For more information ed description (which matches the At one point, the police investigator publications from the region will be call Laryssa Krupa, (212) 260-3891 photo on the Trawniki ID card)? asked wanted to offer his impression of what held. The presentation will take place or(201)539-4937. Mr. Gill. At this point, Mr. Reichman Mr. Demjanjuk felt about Jews, but in Ss. Volodymyr and 01ha audito­ broke down, saying, he never thought Judge Levin did not permit this. rium at 7:30 p.m. For more informa­ he would have to give such a detailed During the cross-examination, Mr. tion call (312) 829-5209. NEW YORK: Yugoslavian artist description. O'Connor attempted to establish that Dragan Martinovic will exhibit his Mr. Sheftel asked the witness about the term "zhyd" is not used in a dero­ March 21 "new realism" works at the Ukrai­ his 1980 testimony in Cleveland, esta­ gatory sense in western Ukraine or nian Institute of America, 2 E. 79th blishing that he was unable to identify Poland, though Mr. Kaplan said he was NEW YORK: Montreal-based re­ St. Born near Belgrade and educated Mr. Demjanjuk from the first series of not aware of this, only that Soviet Jews cord producer Bohdan Tymyc will at the Belgrade Academy of Art, Mr. photos he was shown, but did so when know it as a derogatory term. present an audio-visual program, Martinovic developed a style that shown the second series. The defense attorney also questioned titled, **Listen to Them Sing: The emphasizes the dignified beauty of In his replies to the defense, Mr. the police investigator on his knowledge Ukrainian Experience of Folk Music simple interiors and uses traditional Reichman also contradicted the testi­ of facts about the Vlasov Army. He Through the Ages," at 7:30 p.m. at objects as his subjects. The artist's oil mony of witnesses who had stated that asked a series of questions: Do you the Ukrainian Institute of America,2 works can be found in private collec­ prisoner Jankel Wiernik was able to know the term Vlasovite? Do you know E. 79th St. A reception will follow. A tions in Geneva, Brussels, Vienna, travel between the upper and lower that in the eyes of the USSR they are donation of S5 is suggested. For Nape1s and New York. The opening camps. Mr. Reichman said this would traitors? Do you know that captured more information call the institute, reception will run from6:30to 10p.m. have been impossible, according to traitors were subject to death? Mr. (212)288-8660. and the exhibit will close April 3. what he observed while at Treblinka. Kaplan answered no to all of these Donations suggested. After Mr. Gill asked the witness to questions. indicate where prisoners hung the The witness was also asked if he had PHILADELPHIA: The Young U~ March 27-29 ever before engaged in similar subter­ krainian Professionals will host a laundry and where the women's quar­ ters were, Judge Levin angrily said: "In fuge (posing as something he was not); Cancun Blast at the Columbia Yacht CH1CAGO: The Pershi Stezhi P1ast the answer was, yes. He was also asked Club at 9202 N. Delaware Ave. from a p1ace like Treblinka, where 850,000 sorority will sponsor an exhibit of were killed and thrown into the pits, is who determined his assignment and 9 p.m. - 4 a.m. Please mention paintings by Yaroslava Surmach- answered that it was Assistant Com­ Lydia's name at the door to get in it really important for us to know where Mills in the P1ast home, 2124 W. they hung the laundry?" After the mander Ish-Shalom and he himself. with a S2 cover charge and free buffet Chicago Ave. The exhibit will open Mr. O'Connor also asked about dinner. No jeans or sneakers, for defense lawyers approached the bench on Friday evening at 8 p.m. and will for a conference, the judge permitted conditions in the prison, the with­ more information call Lydia, (215) be on view Saturday, 10 a.m. - 6 p.m. holding of mail (Mr. Kaplan said it was 276-3545 (evenings). this line of questioning. Mr. Reichman and Sunday, 10 a.m. - 2 p.m. answered that he knew nothing about held only as long as required to review such matters. it) and Mr. Demjanjuk's conversations The witness was also quizzed on about the Ukrainian community, U- UNCHAIN forums scheduled whether he knew Shlamek, Schmidt krainian Orthodox Church support and and "Grishka" (a nickname for the conflicts within the Ukrainian commu­ NEWARK, N.J. - A series of public p.m., in the UKrainiiiii opuils Club nity. meetings has been announced for Ha1I, 122Second Ave. guard named Nikolai); but he said he did not. He did say he remembered Kurt The defense also showed Mr. Kaplan March and April to introduce Ukrai­ * Warren, Mich.: Saturday, March the Trawniki 1D card reproduced in the nian Americans to UNCHAIN, (Ukrai­ 28, 7 p.m., in the Ukrainian-American Franz, Matias, Gustav and Lalka. 1n response to a question ab6ut whether he Soviet Ukrainian newspaper Mo1od nian National Center: History and Civic Center at 205 Military Road. Ukrainy. Mr. O'Connor asked if the 1nformation Network), a recently Speaking at the public meetings will remembers the names of the guards, Mr. Reichman replied, no. Mo1od Ukrainy reproduction was the formed Ukrainian anti-defamation be UNCHAIN enthusiasts Dr. Bohdan same as Mr. Kaplan had seen, as he had organization. Vitvitsky, attorney, author and former Late Wednesday, and on Thursday, testified, in a Russian-language news­ president of the Ukrainian Pl-ofessional March 12, Aryeh Kaplan, the police paper published in Israel. 1t was similar, Topics to be raised at the meetings and Businesspersons Association of will include the need for positive investigator who had posed as a guard was the response. And the photo? Mr. New York/New Jersey; Anisa Sawy- at Ayalon Prison, took the stand. Mr. Kaplan said he could not tell, though he reporting by the news media about ckyj, writer, editor and former director Ukraine and Ukrainians; the negative Kaplan studied in Vilnius, Lithuania, thought it was different. of communications for a New York­ served in the Red Army in Latvia and impact on the Ukrainian community During the re-direct, Michael Shaked based trade association; and Bozhena emigrated from the USSR in 1973. He resulting from some media reports on asked Mr. Kaplan's opinion about Mr. 01shaniwsky, president of Americans was a plant at the prison where Mr. the Demjanjuk trial in Israel; and the for Human Rights in Ukraine(AHRU). Demjanjuk's attitude toward Jews. steps the Ukrainian American commu­ Demjanjuk was being held while under Judge Levin disallowed this question. Mrs. 01shaniwsky will review ihe investigation from April 17 to May 19, nity should now take to prevent in­ The final question was asked by accurate or defamatory information recent activities and achievements of 1986. He made notes of every conversa­ AHRU in the area of human rights; Judge Dalia Dorner who noted that Mr. about Ukrainians from appearing in the tion with the suspect immediately discuss plans for AHRU's future acti­ Kaplan had stated that the prisoner did news media. afterwards (sometimes, while he was not trust him. Do you have any proof of vities; and seek continued community writing down his notes, Mr. 1sh-Shalom The meetings are scheduled as support for AHRU. At some of the this? she asked. Mr. Kaplan said he did was present). not. follows: meetings, she may be joined by other Mr. Kaplan said he spoke Russian * Newark, N.J.: Sunday, March 15,4 speakers who will address human-rights with Mr. Demjanjuk (not Ukrainian as Information in this news story about p.m., in St. John's School Auditorium, topics. previously reported) and that the topics the court proceedings was phoned in corner of Sanford Avenue and Ivy For further information about the ranged from the cases of Kurt Wald- from Jerusalem by an observer for Street. meetings, contact Mrs, 01shaniwskv at heim and Andrija Artukovic, the Ukrai­ UNCHAIN (Ukrainian National Cen­ * New York:* Sunday, March 22, 2 (20I)373-9729. nian famine of 1932-33, and Lazar ter: History and Information Network).