Constitution Revision Date: 9/11/2015

UALR WILLIAM H. BOWEN SCHOOL OF LAW STUDENT BAR ASSOCIATION CONSTITUTION

PREAMBLE

We, the students of the University of Arkansas at Little Rock William H. Bowen School of Law, in order to foster the ethical ideals of the legal profession, to promote fellowship among the faculty, alumni, the Arkansas Bar Association, the American Bar Association, and students of this school, to promote the welfare of our school, and to increase our knowledge and understanding of the substance and processes of the law, do hereby establish this Constitution for the Student Bar Association of this school.

ARTICLE I – NAME

The name of this organization shall be the Student Bar Association of the University of Arkansas at Little Rock William H. Bowen School of Law hereinafter referred to as the SBA.

ARTICLE II – OBJECT OF THE ASSOCIATION

The object of the Student Bar Association (SBA) shall be to consider all matters that may concern the general interest of the student body, as set forth in the Preamble above.

ARTICLE III – MEMBERSHIP

The membership in this organization shall include all students currently enrolled at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock William H. Bowen School of Law. The SBA Senate members are all persons defined in Article VII and the Executive Board are all persons defined in Article VI.

ARTICLE IV – CLASS STANDING DESIGNATION

For the purpose of this Constitution, the classification system established to designate the class standing of all members of the SBA shall parallel the system utilized by the William H. Bowen School of Law Administration.

For the purpose of this Constitution, the division system established to designate the division (full-time or part-time) of all members of the SBA shall parallel the system utilized by the William H. Bowen School of Law Division.

ARTICLE V – TERM OF OFFICE

The term of office, except for vacancies filled by appointments and first year positions, shall begin at midnight following the last exam of the Spring semester. Vacancies filled by appointments shall take office immediately upon approval of the SBA Senate. First-year

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Constitution Revision Date: 9/11/2015 positions shall take office after they are elected in the Fall semester. All positions shall end at 11:59 p.m. following the last exam of the Spring semester.

ARTICLE VI – EXECUTIVE BOARD

Section 1. The Executive Officers of the SBA shall be the President, Full-Time Division Vice President, Part-Time Division Vice President, Secretary, and Treasurer. These officers shall comprise the SBA Executive Board.

Section 2. The President shall be vested with:

a. The supreme executive power and responsibility for the faithful execution of the resolutions of the SBA Senate and the directives of this Constitution and the SBA Bylaws. b. The power to call special meetings of the SBA Senate. c. The responsibility to chair the Executive Board. d. The responsibility to preside over meetings of the SBA Senate. e. The responsibility for preparing a proposed budget for the fiscal year of his or her term of office to the SBA Senate for its approval prior to the first of June immediately after he or she takes office. f. The power to veto any item of legislation originating in the SBA Senate. g. The power to determine staff positions and appoint persons to fill these positions subject to the approval of the SBA Executive Board and the SBA Senate by a simple majority. h. The power to appoint a Student Chief Justice among the Student Honor Justices, subject to the approval of the SBA Senate by a simple majority. i. The power to appoint six Student Honor Counselors (as listed in the Student Code of Conduct), subject to the approval of the SBA Senate by a simple majority. j. The power to create committees, other than those listed in this Constitution or the SBA Bylaws, subject to the approval of the SBA Senate by a simple majority. k. The power to grant excused absences. l. The power to appoint all committee chairpersons and persons to serve on any committee, other than those listed in this Constitution or the SBA Bylaws, subject to the approval of the SBA Senate by a simple majority. m. The honor to speak at graduation if a member of the graduating class. If not a member of the graduating class, the graduating class shall vote on an alternate student speaker if it so chooses. n. The power to fill any vacancies in any SBA position including Honor Council positions. o. The responsibility to work with outside entities on SBA-partnered events. p. Any other power or powers express or implied in this Constitution, the SBA Bylaws, or any other governing documents.

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Section 3. The Full-Time Division Vice President and Part-Time Division Vice President shall share the responsibilities of the office and shall:

a. Attend the meetings of the SBA Executive Board and SBA Senate. b. Attend the faculty meetings and give a general summary of the topics discussed to the SBA Senate. c. Perform the duties of the President during his or her absence or inability to act. The Full-Time Division Vice President shall perform such duties during the first half of the term of office, and the Part-Time Division Vice President shall perform such duties during the second half of the term of office. d. Perform such other duties as the President or SBA Senate shall direct. e. Perform any duties as described in this Constitution, SBA Bylaws or other governing documents. f. If a vacancy occurs in the office of President, the SBA Senate shall decide if the Vice-President of the Full-Time Division or the Vice-President of the Part-Time Division shall serve as President for the remainder of term of office.

Section 4. The Secretary shall:

a. Attend and take minutes of all meetings of the SBA Executive Board and SBA Senate. b. Perform such other duties as the President or SBA Senate shall direct. c. Perform any duties as described in this Constitution, SBA Bylaws or other governing documents. d. Manage and schedule the use of the Table Under The Stairs (TUTS).

Section 5. The Treasurer shall:

a. Attend the meetings of the SBA Executive Board and SBA Senate. b. Collect, take charge of, and under the direction of the SBA Executive Board, disburse all funds of the SBA as approved in the budget or otherwise. c. Keep a complete and accurate record of all receipts and disbursements of any and all SBA funds. d. Perform such other duties as the President or SBA Senate shall direct. e. Perform any duties as described in this Constitution, SBA Bylaws or other governing documents. f. Provide the SBA-approved proposed SBA budget for the following school year to the Office of Student Affairs no later than of each year.

Section 6. Qualifications for Executive Office:

a. The qualifications of a candidate for the office of the President shall: 1. be able to serve as president for a full term of office; and

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2. be able to attend and represent the school at the ABA Law Student Division Annual Conference every year in the summer if school funds are available for travel; and 3. be able to attend the ABA Regional Law Student Division Circuit meeting if school funds are available; and 4. be able to attend faculty meetings if either vice-president is unable to do so; and 5. have served as a SBA Senator or any other elected or appointed SBA position for at least one full semester, or attended at least 3 SBA Senate meetings during the school year in which he or she are seeking office; and 6. shall not be a member of the first-year class for the fall semester of his or her elected term of office.

b. The qualifications of a candidate for the office of the Vice-President shall:

1. be able to serve as vice-president for a full term of office; and 2. be able to attend faculty meetings during the day; and 3. be a member of the proper division for the position for the entire term of office, not including the summer semester, of his or her elected term of office. The Full-Time Division Vice President shall be a member of the Full-Time Division and the Part-Time Division Vice President shall be a member of the Part-Time Division; and 4. shall not be a member of the first-year class for the fall semester of his or her elected term of office.

c. The qualifications of a candidate for the office of the Secretary shall:

1. be able to serve as Secretary for the full elected term of office; and 2. shall not be a member of the first-year class for the fall semester of his or her elected term of office.

d. The qualifications of a candidate for the office of the Treasurer shall:

1. be able to serve as Treasurer for the full elected term of office; and 2. shall not be a member of the first-year class for the fall semester of his or her elected term of office.

ARTICLE VII – LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Section 1. The SBA Senate shall be vested with:

a. All legislative powers, but the powers of initiative and referendum. b. The power to override a presidential veto by two-thirds majority. c. The power to expel any member of the SBA Senate that it deems necessary by a two-thirds vote.

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d. The power to recommend changes to the Student Code of Conduct. e. The power to recommend changes to the Academic Calendar.

Section 2. The Class Senators and Members-at-Large shall:

a. Attend the meetings of the SBA Senate. b. Perform any duties assigned them by the President, SBA Executive Board or SBA Senate. c. Present student ideas, concerns, and issues to the SBA Senate. d. Inform their respective class divisions of actions taken by the SBA Executive Board and SBA Senate. e. Serve and participate on at least one SBA committee. f. Perform any duties as described in this Constitution, SBA Bylaws or other governing documents.

Section 3. The American Bar Association Law Student Division (ABA/LSD) Representative shall:

a. Attend the meetings of the SBA Senate. b. Attend the ABA Annual Law Student Division Meeting in the summer following installment if SBA funding allows it. c. Attend the ABA Regional Law Student Division Circuit Meeting in the winter following installment if SBA funding allows it. d. Inform the members of SBA of the activities and programs offered by the ABA/LSD. e. Perform any duties assigned to them by the President, Executive Board or SBA Senate. f. Perform any duties assigned to them by the ABA/LSD. g. Perform any duties as described in this Constitution, SBA Bylaws or other governing documents.

Section 4. The Arkansas Bar Association Representative shall:

a. Attend the meetings of the SBA Senate. b. Inform the members of the SBA of the activities and programs offered by the Arkansas Bar Association. c. Attend required meetings of the Arkansas Bar Association. d. Perform any duties assigned to them by the President, SBA Executive Board or SBA Senate. e. Perform any duties assigned to them by the Arkansas Bar Association. f. Perform any duties as described in this Constitution, SBA Bylaws or other governing documents.

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Section 5. The SBA Senate shall consist of the following members who shall have a vote:

a. The President shall preside over SBA members. However, he or she may cast a vote only in the case of a tie. b. Both the Vice-President of the Full-Time Division and the Vice-President of the Part-Time Division. c. The SBA Secretary. d. The SBA Treasurer. e. Two Class Senator's from each division for each year's class. For each class division; one Class Senator position shall be designated as Position One and the second shall be designated as Position Two. However, if any year class division is divided into two sections, one (1) Class Senator shall come from each section. f. Two Members-at-Large elected by the entire student body. g. One representative of the American Bar Association (ABA) Law Student Division to the SBA. h. One representative of the Arkansas Bar Association.

Section 6. The qualifications of a candidate for the office SBA Senate, other than members of the SBA Executive Board:

a. Class Senators shall be members of the class division and standing (1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year) for the fall semester of their elected term. b. Members-at-Large, the ABA Representative, and the Arkansas Bar Association Representative can be any member of the SBA.

Section 7. No member of the SBA may hold more than one office of the SBA concurrently or simultaneously with any other office of the SBA. This limitation does not include and does not apply to any committee positions.

Section 8. The Senate shall make all its meetings public.

ARTICLE VIII – STUDENT HONOR COUNCIL

Section 1. The Student Honor Council members shall be vested with all powers expressed or implied in this Constitution, the SBA Bylaws, the Student Code of Conduct, or any other governing documents and shall be composed of:

a. Six Associate Student Honor Council Justices, one for each class and division, of which one will be appointed Chief Justice by the SBA President with SBA Senate approval. b. Two Student Honor Council Investigators, one for each division. c. Six Student Honor Counselors, appointed by the President.

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Section 2. The duties of the Student Associate Honor Council Justices are:

a. The option of attending meetings of the SBA Senate as non-voting members. b. To participate in hearing boards as assigned. c. To serve on SBA Committees as assigned. d. To interpret and rule on appeals in the SBA Constitution, Bylaws, or passed motions of the SBA as set forth in the Bylaws. e. The Chief Honor Justice shall have the power to establish meetings of the council, conduct judicial business, or other appropriate activities to encourage and support the purpose of the Student Honor Council.

Section 3. The duties of the Student Honor Investigators are:

a. The option of attending meetings of the SBA Senate as non-voting members. b. To investigate alleged Honor Code violations in accordance with the Code of Student Academic Conduct for their respective divisions. c. To serve on SBA Committees as assigned.

Section 4. The duties of the Student Honor Counselors are:

a. The option of attending meetings of the SBA Senate as non-voting members. b. To represent students before proceedings as set forth in the Code of Student Academic Conduct. c. If appointed by the SBA Executive Board, to defend the SBA as before any appeals concerning the SBA Constitution, Bylaws, or passed motions as set forth in the Bylaws.

Section 5. Qualifications for Honor Council Positions.

a. The qualifications of a candidate for the office of the Student Honor Justice are as follows: 1. be a member of the appropriate class and division for his or her position; and 2. be a law student in good standing with no school disciplinary procedures pending or active against them, including any punishments. To comply with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Rights Act, at no time shall anyone in the SBA receive any information that would otherwise violate this law. Instead, a certification form signed by the Associate Dean of Academic Affairs or his or her designated representative shall certify this. b. The qualifications of a candidate for the office of the Student Honor Investigator are as follows: 1. be a member of the appropriate division for his or her position; and

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2. be a law student in good standing with no school disciplinary procedures pending or active against them, including any punishments. To comply with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Rights Act, at no time shall anyone in the SBA receive any information that would otherwise violate this law. Instead, a certification form signed by the Associate Dean of Academic Affairs or his or her designated representative shall certify this. c. Qualifications of a candidate for the office of the Student Honor Counselor shall be a member of the student body not fulfilling any other Honor Council position.

Section 6. If needed, the President may appoint a Special Honor Code Investigator for a specific purpose, subject to the approval of the SBA Senate by a simple majority. The Special Honor Code Investigator's term is over once the purpose for he or she was appointed is complete and final.

Section 7. This council may form its own bylaws or request amending the SBA Bylaws to incorporate its own governance.

ARTICLE IX – ELECTIONS

Section 1. The SBA Election Committee shall supervise all SBA elections. This committee shall supervise and execute all election procedures in accordance with Arkansas State Law, this Constitution, and the SBA Election Code. The SBA Election Code shall be determined by the Election Committee, subject to the approval of the SBA Senate by a simple majority. Any changes to the Election Code must be made at least two weeks before any election.

Section 2. The SBA Election Committee shall consist of:

a. A chairperson, appointed by the SBA President, subject to the approval of the SBA Senate by a simple majority. b. Two (2) voting members, appointed by the SBA President, subject to the approval of the SBA Senate by a simple majority.

Section 3. Election guidelines shall be that:

a. The President and Vice-Presidents shall run separately in the general election. b. A simple majority of votes cast is necessary for declaring a winner in the election of the Executive Committee positions defined in Article VI. If no candidate for these positions receives a simple majority, there shall be a run-off between the candidates who received the two highest vote totals. A simple majority of votes here means over 50% of the total votes cast. c. For all other elected SBA positions, the person with the highest vote total wins even if it is under 50% of the vote. In the event the two highest vote

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totals are within 10% of each other, there shall be a run-off between the candidates who received the two highest vote totals.

Section 4. Date of Elections

a. The General Election shall be held on the Thursday preceding Spring Break, except those for First Year Class Senators and First Year Student Honor Justices. b. The General Election for First Year Class Senators and First Year Student Honor Justices shall be held on the fourth Thursday of full week of classes in the Fall semester. c. The SBA Senate must approve any changes to this schedule with a justification for the change.

Section 5. Only members of the SBA Election Committee and other persons specially designated by the SBA Election Committee chairperson shall supervise the voting and conduct the counting of ballots. No person who is a candidate for any SBA elected office may help supervise the voting or counting of ballots unless that candidate is running unopposed.

Section 6. All voting must be done by secret ballot. Each student may cast one vote for a candidate for each office of:

a. President. b. Vice President. However, only Full-Time Division students shall vote for the Full-Time Vice President. Part-Time Division students shall vote for Part-Time Vice President. Full-Time Division students and Part-Time Division students are determined by the division in which the voter is currently enrolled at the time of the election. c. Member-at-Large Senate Position. d. Each Class Senate Position and Student Honor Council Justice of the class division in which the voter is currently enrolled at the time of the election. e. Honor Code Investigator. However, only Full-Time Division students shall vote for the Full-Time Honor Code Investigator. Part-Time Division students shall vote for Part-Time Honor Code Investigator. Full-Time Division students and Part-Time Division students are determined by the division in which the voter is currently enrolled at the time of the election. f. ABA/LSD Representative. g. Arkansas Bar Association Representative. h. Secretary. i. Treasurer.

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Section 7. Protest of election shall be done in the following manner:

a. Notice of protest of all SBA elections must be made in writing and given to any member of the SBA Executive Board within twenty-four (24) hours of the announcement (or posting) of the final results. b. Any member of the student body may protest an election. c. Any protest must be made before the SBA Senate and all evidence must be presented to the SBA Senate. If no SBA Senate meeting is scheduled within seven (7) calendar days following the election in question, the SBA President shall hold a special Senate Meeting within seven (7) calendar days of the election to address the protest. d. Any person protesting an election must prove that a violation of an election rule contained in this Constitution, SBA Bylaws, the Student Code of Conduct, or any other governing document occurred. The burden of proof shall be on the person protesting the election and that person must prove a violation occurred using the standard defined in the SBA Bylaws. e. The Senate shall render a decision it deems proper on the dispute. However, a recall of an election shall only result from a two-thirds vote of the total SBA Senate members present.

Section 8. All other procedures, regulations, requirements, and aspects of any election not specified in this Constitution (including the procedure for nominations of candidates, polling places and times) shall be set forth in the SBA Bylaws or other governing documents.

ARTICLE X –CONSTITUTIONAL SBA COMMITTEES

Section 1. SBA Co-Sponsorship Budget Committee

a. The SBA Co-Sponsorship Budget Committee shall meet at least twice an academic year to distribute marked funds to eligible student organizations. b. The Treasurer shall be the chairperson of this committee with the power to vote in the event of a tie and to administer the funds as the committee approves to distribute. c. Every student organization registered with the Office of Student Affairs shall be an eligible student organization. d. Every eligible student organization can appoint one member to this committee at their discretion. e. This committee shall establish procedures for requests and disbursing of funds within the confines of established governing documents established in Article X, Section 1(f). f. This committee shall operate under this Constitution, SBA Bylaws, committee bylaws, and other governing documents. Once a year, this committee shall create, review, and amend its own bylaws and procedures as appropriate for approval by the full SBA Senate.

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g. The President cannot serve in any capacity on this committee, nor be involved in any discussions in this committee except when presented to the SBA Senate.

Section 2. SBA Budget Proposal Committee

a. The SBA Budget Proposal Committee shall be comprised of the President and Treasurer as permanent members without any required SBA Senate approval, and other SBA members as appropriate for temporary members with SBA Senate approval. b. This committee shall work with the Office of Student Affairs to prepare a budget for SBA approval in accordance with this Constitution. c. Amendments to the current SBA Budget shall be ran through this committee prior to SBA Senate vote or require a two-thirds vote of the full SBA Senate.

Section 3. Community Outreach and Opportunity Committee (COOC)

a. The SBA Community Outreach and Opportunity Committee (COOC) shall be comprised of a member of the Executive Board as chairperson appointed by the President with Executive Board and SBA Senate approval, and at least two other student body members as appointed by the chairperson with SBA Senate approval. b. This committee shall work to provide information community related opportunities for the student body to perform community service and earn hours towards to the Dean’s Certificate of Public Service. c. This committee shall coordinate a community service day once every academic year for the entire student body and encourage maximum participation in this event.

Section 4. Social Committee

a. The Social Committee shall be comprised of a chairperson appointed by the President and approved by the SBA Senate, and at least two (2) members appointed by the President and approved by the SBA Senate. b. This committee shall be formed prior to the end of the Spring semester for the following year, and shall be required to establish the date and forum for the Halloween Party by June, and Barristers Ball by October. The SBA Senate must approve all dates and forums for these events. c. This committee shall work on other events throughout the year as directed or on its own initiative and provide them to the SBA Senate for approval. d. This committee shall have the power to request sub-delegation authority from the SBA Senate for its budget, marked events in the actual budget, for any unnamed events as a “miscellaneous events budget” as long as it

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sets aside enough funds for critical named events including Barrister Ball into named sub-accounts. e. This committee must report at every SBA Senate meeting the status of their budget and the planning status of every event.

Section 5. Faculty Committees: These committees are outside the purview of the SBA’s power directly. However, these committees may allow student representatives. The SBA President will appoint student representatives to these committees in a similar fashion as Committee Chairpersons in the SBA Bylaws if the appointment process does not conflict with any other provision of this Constitution.

ARTICLE XI – FACULTY COMMITTEE APPOINTMENTS

Section 1. Either Vice President or the President shall attend the faculty meetings. The power to vote on matters here is set forth in this committee’s bylaw. No SBA Senate approval is required for this section or appointment.

Section 2. The Curriculum Committee shall have two students from the student body appointed to the committee. The President shall appoint and the SBA Senate shall approve the appointments. These members shall attend and report monthly all curriculum related matters.

Section 3. The President shall appoint members to other faculty committees as required with approval of the SBA Senate.

ARTICLE XII – REMOVAL FROM OFFICE

Section 1. Any person appointed by the President may be removed from office at any time by the President except for the Chief Honor Justice, Honor Code Counselors, Special Honor Code Investigators, and Faculty Committee Appointments.

a. In the case of the Chief Honor Justice, removal is similar to the removal of the President set forth in Section 2. b. In the case of removing Honor Code Counselors and Special Honor Code Investigators, removal is similar to the removal of Honor Justices set forth in Section 4. c. In the case of removing Faculty Committee members, removal is similar to the SBA Senators in Section 3.

Section 2. Impeachment procedures for the President, Vice President, Secretary, and Treasurer are that:

a. If any of the person or persons listed in this Section is or are not fulfilling his or her duties as prescribed by this Constitution, Student Code of Conduct, or any other governing documents, any member of the SBA

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Senate may initiate an impeachment proceeding to impeach and remove that person or person from office. b. The SBA Senate may initiate impeachment proceedings. c. There must be a specific charge or charges against the person the SBA Senate is seeking to impeach. d. A formal hearing will be held in a special session of the SBA Senate. If the charge or charges are brought against the President, the Vice President not of the same division of the President shall chair the special meeting. e. If the SBA Senate finds that the charge or charges are true, it may impeach any of the officers listed in this section by a two-thirds vote of the total SBA Senate members present. However, for an impeachment proceeding, at least twelve (12) voting members (not including the person or persons charged) must be present. f. The person or persons being impeached shall not cast a vote on this decision. g. If the Senate votes to impeach any member listed in this section, the Honor Council shall hold a removal hearing. The removal hearing shall be open to all students, faculty, and staff of the William H. Bowen School of Law. In the event the Chief Honor Justice is the one impeached, then that person shall be excluded from voting or making findings for removal. h. If the Student Honor Council Justices find that the person or persons impeached by the SBA Senate committed the charge or charges for which they were impeached, the person or persons impeached shall automatically be removed from office upon a two-thirds vote of the total number of Student Honor Council Justices. i. Any President, Vice President, Secretary, or Treasurer who is absent for more than three meetings during his or her term of office without an excused absence shall automatically forfeit his or her office effective immediately.

Section 3. Impeachment and Removal procedures for any SBA Senate member, other than a member of the SBA Executive Board are that:

a. If any of the person or persons listed in this Section is not fulfilling his or her duties as prescribed by this Constitution, Student Code of Conduct, or any other governing documents, any member of the SBA Senate may initiate an impeachment proceeding to impeach and remove that person or person from office. b. The SBA Senate shall have the power to impeach and remove any member of the SBA Senate, other than a member of the SBA Executive Board by a two-thirds vote of the total SBA Senate members present. However, at least twelve (12) voting members (not including the person or persons seeking to be removed) must be present. c. The person or persons being impeached shall not cast a vote on this decision.

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d. If the SBA Senate votes to impeach any member listed in this section, the Honor Council shall hold a removal hearing. The removal hearing shall be open to all students, faculty, and staff of the William H. Bowen School of Law. e. If the Student Honor Council Justices find that the person or persons impeached by the SBA Senate committed the charge or charges for which they were impeached, the person or persons impeached shall automatically be removed from office upon a two-thirds vote of the total number of Student Honor Council Justices. f. Any SBA Senate member who is absent for more than three meetings during his or her term of office without an excused absence shall automatically forfeit his or her office effective immediately.

Section 4. Impeachment and removal procedures for Student Honor Justices, Student Honor Code Counselors, and any Student Honor Code Investigators are that:

a. If any of the person or persons listed in this Section is not fulfilling his or her duties as prescribed by this Constitution, Student Code of Conduct, or any other governing documents, any member of the SBA Senate may initiate an impeachment proceeding to impeach and remove that person or person from office. b. At least twelve (12) of the members of the SBA Senate must be present in order to proceed under this Section. c. If the SBA Senate finds by two-thirds (2/3) vote that the person or persons is clearly and inexcusably not performing his or her duties as prescribed by this Constitution or the Code of Student Conduct, that person shall automatically be removed from office. d. Voting under this section shall be done by secret ballot.

Section 5. Any SBA Executive Board member, SBA Senate member, Honor Council Justice, Honor Code Counselor, or Honor Code Investigator shall receive five (5) school days’ notice prior to any proceeding to remove that person from office. That person or their representative is entitled to appear at the proceeding and defend against allegations offered in support of the impeachment and/or removal action.

ARTICLE XIII – QUORUM

Section 1. Quorum is defined for the fall and spring terms as one-half of the SBA Senate and SBA Executive Board members for normal business, and two-thirds of the SBA Senate and SBA Executive Board for emergency business. Quorum is defined for the summer term as two-fifths of the SBA Senate and Executive Committee members for any business. The Honor Council is free to define their own terms for quorum in its bylaws.

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Section 2. No quorum is needed for the installation of new officers of the SBA Senate and Executive Board, or for handling routine matters such as just handling committee reports or accepting minutes from previous meetings.

Section 3. Quorum is needed for any business that affects the budget or deals with new or tabled business.

ARTICLE XIV – BYLAWS

Section 1. The SBA Senate, Honor Council, and designated SBA committees may establish bylaws that do not conflict with this Constitution and support the mission of the SBA. Section 2. SBA Bylaws, except for the Honor Council Bylaws, may be amended at any SBA meeting by a two-thirds (2/3) vote, provided that quorum is present.

Section 3. Honor Council Bylaws may be amended by procedures set forth in its own Bylaws.

ARTICLE XV – INTERPRETATION OF CONSTITUTION

Section 1. All questions of interpretation of this Constitution shall be decided by the Honor Council in written opinions.

ARTICLE XVI – INITIATIVE & REFERENDUM

Section 1. Students have the power to petition the Senate for action on matters of general interest to the law school community. Ten (10) percent of the entire student body, in the current semester's enrollment may present their signatures to the SBA Senate, who then must act upon the item in question at the next meeting.

Section 2. Students have the power to present a referendum to the student body for their approval. This shall occur in either the general election or a special election. This petition must contain signatures of at least twenty (20) percent of the entire student body, in the current semester's enrollment. A simple majority of votes cast is required to approve the petition.

ARTICLE XVII – AMENDMENTS

Section 1. An amendment to this Constitution may be proposed by any member of the SBA Senate by submitting a copy of the proposed amendment to the President. Notice of any proposed amendment shall be given one (1) regular meeting prior to its consideration. A three-fourths majority vote of the SBA Senate is required for the SBA Senate to ratify a proposed amendment. If the SBA senate ratifies the proposed amendment, the amendment shall be presented to a vote of the entire student body.

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Section 2. A proposed amendment this Constitution may be presented to a vote of the entire student body by referendum.

Section 3. A proposed amendment presented for a student body vote must receive a simple majority of the votes cast to be adopted.

Section 4. The amendment shall take effect at the time of its adoption unless otherwise specified.

Section 5. Any provision in this Constitution can be amended by two-thirds vote of the SBA Senate without a student body vote in matters pertaining to compliance with a new Code of Student Conduct.

ARTICLE XVIII – PARLIAMENTARY ORDER

Section 1. All SBA Executive Board, SBA Senate and committee meetings shall be governed by Robert's Rules of Order.

ARTICLE XIX – RATIFICATION

Section 1. This Constitution and revisions thereof shall take effect immediately upon ratification by a majority of the students voting. However, all elected officials (the SBA Executive Board, SBA Senate Members, Honor Code Investigator’s, Honor Code Justices) and appointees shall serve for the rest of this term of office. This Constitution supersedes all prior Constitutions.

ARTICLE XX – CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS

Section 1. A Constitutional convention may be called by resolution of the SBA Senate or by petition of the student electorate as one proposed, or it may submit proposed parts or alternative parts of an amendment, for separate votes. This shall be done in either the general election or a special election.

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