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Western Civilization in Javanese Vernacular
WESTERN CIVILIZATION IN JAVANESE VERNACULAR Colonial education policy Java 1800-1867 Sebastiaan Coops Sebastiaan Coops Student number: 1472720 Supervisor: Prof. Dr. J.J.L. Gommans Preface The picture on the cover is a Javanese civil servant, employed by the Dutch colonial government as a teacher - mantri goeroe. He is seated together with a pupil on the left and a servant on the right. The servant and the sirih-box for betel nuts imply his high social status. Both the title and this picture refer to Dutch colonial education policy where western and Javanese normative culture created an amalgamation from which the Inlandsche school developed. 2 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 5 CHAPTER I: EDUCATION IN THE ENLIGHTENMENT ERA 15 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 15 THE ENLIGHTENMENT IN THE METROPOLIS 16 THE ENLIGHTENMENT IN THE COLONY 21 JAVANESE EDUCATION TRADITION 26 CHAPTER CONCLUSION 32 CHAPTER II: EDUCATION POLICY IN THE NETHERLANDS-INDIES 33 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 33 BEFORE 1830 34 1830-1852 42 1852-1867 48 CHAPTER CONCLUSION 64 CHAPTER III: BRITISH-INDIA AND COLONIAL EDUCATION POLICY IN THE NETHERLANDS INDIES 67 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 67 BEFORE 1835 67 1835-1854 68 1854-1867 70 CHAPTER CONCLUSION 73 CONCLUSION 75 BIBLIOGRAPHY 78 3 4 Introduction No! It is our sacred duty, our calling, to give that poor brother, who had lived in the wastelands of misery and poverty, the means with which he, the sooner the better, could share in our happier fate completely equal to us!1 The Age of Enlightenment and revolution had shaken the world at the end of the 18th century to its core. -
Scholars, Travellers and Trade
SCHOLARS, TRAVELLERS AND TRADE Today, the National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden is internationally known for its outstanding archaeological collections. Yet its origins lie in an insignificant assortment of artefacts used for study by Leiden University. How did this transformation come about? Ruurd Halbertsma has delved into the archives to show that the appoint- ment of Caspar Reuvens as Professor of Archaeology in 1818 was the crucial turning point. He tells the dramatic story of Reuvens’ struggle to establish the museum, with battles against rival scholars, red tape and the Dutch attitude of neglect towards archaeological monuments. It was Reuvens who trained archaeological agents to investigate and excavate ancient sites, and bring back the antiquities on which the museum’s importance rests. Though he was operating long before the current debate on whether collecting anti- quities is legal trade or cultural looting, Reuvens recognized the potential ethical problems inherent in achieving a world-class collection. In this, he was ahead of his time. Scholars, Travellers and Trade throws new light on the process of creating a national museum and the difficulties of convincing society of the value of the past – issues with which museums are still wrestling. It also highlights the difficulties that an archaeological pioneer had in establishing his discip- line as a fully accepted branch of academia. Ruurd B. Halbertsma is Curator of the Classical Department at the National Museum of Antiquities, Leiden, The Netherlands. i ii SCHOLARS, TRAVELLERS AND TRADE The pioneer years of the National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden, 1818–40 R.B. Halbertsma I~ ~~o~;~;n~~~up LONDON AND NEW YORK iii First published 2003 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2003 R.B. -
Sugar, Steam and Steel: the Industrial Project in Colonial Java, 1830-1850
Welcome to the electronic edition of Sugar, Steam and Steel: The Industrial Project in Colonial Java, 1830-1885. The book opens with the bookmark panel and you will see the contents page. Click on this anytime to return to the contents. You can also add your own bookmarks. Each chapter heading in the contents table is clickable and will take you direct to the chapter. Return using the contents link in the bookmarks. The whole document is fully searchable. Enjoy. G Roger Knight Born in deeply rural Shropshire (UK), G Roger Knight has been living and teaching in Adelaide since the late 1960s. He gained his PhD from London University's School of Oriental and African Studies, where his mentors included John Bastin and CD Cowan. He is an internationally recognised authority on the sugar industry of colonial Indonesia, with many publications to his name. Among the latest is Commodities and Colonialism: The Story of Big Sugar in Indonesia, 1880-1940, published by Brill in Leiden and Boston in 2013. He is currently working on a 'business biography' — based on scores of his newly discovered letters back home — of Gillian Maclaine, a young Scot who was active as a planter and merchant in colonial Java during the 1820s and 1830s. For a change, it has almost nothing to do with sugar. The high-quality paperback edition of this book is available for purchase online: https://shop.adelaide.edu.au/ Sugar, Steam and Steel: The Industrial Project in Colonial Java, 1830-18 by G Roger Knight School of History and Politics The University of Adelaide Published in Adelaide by University of Adelaide Press The University of Adelaide Level 14, 115 Grenfell Street South Australia 5005 [email protected] www.adelaide.edu.au/press The University of Adelaide Press publishes externally refereed scholarly books by staff of the University of Adelaide. -
PDF Van Tekst
Geschiedenis van de techniek in Nederland. De wording van een moderne samenleving 1800-1890. Deel VI Techniek en samenleving hoofdredactie H.W. Lintsen bron H.W. Lintsen (red.), Geschiedenis van de techniek in Nederland. De wording van een moderne samenleving 1800-1890. Deel VI. Techniek en samenleving. Walburg Pers, Zutphen 1995 Zie voor verantwoording: http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/lint011gesc06_01/colofon.htm © 2009 dbnl / H.W. Lintsen / de afzonderlijke auteurs en/of hun rechthebbenden 10 Herinneringsdoek aan de eerste tentoonstelling van de ‘Wonderen der Industrie van alle Landen’ te Londen in 1851. Tot de talloze souvenirs, zoals albums, prenten, catalogi, beschrijvingen en plattegronden van tentoonstelling en omgeving, hoorde ook deze bedrukte textieldoek. De voorstelling van het hoofdgebouw in het midden is omlijst door de vlaggen der deelnemende naties en de portretten van prins Albert, de bedenker van deze tentoonstelling, en koningin Victoria, die de opening verrichtte. Geschiedenis van de techniek in Nederland. De wording van een moderne samenleving 1800-1890. Deel VI 11 Techniek en samenleving Geschiedenis van de techniek in Nederland. De wording van een moderne samenleving 1800-1890. Deel VI 12 Het Paleis voor Volksvlijt te Amsterdam in aanbouw, april 1862, (onder) en het oorspronkelijk outwerp voor een gebouw voor de eerste wereldtentoonstelling in Londen (boven). Al snel bleek dat een revolutionair gebouw als Crystal Palace vrij algemeen als te modern en te functioneel werd beschouwd, zodat volgende tentoonstellingsgebouwen weer meer leken op de ‘klassieke’ vormen die ook het oorspronkelijke gebouw voor Londen-1851 hadden gedomineerd: koepels, venvijzingen naar allerlei vroegere bouwstijlen etc. Het Paleis voor Volksvlijt, dat door Cornelis Outshoorn was ontworpen, kende ook die schijnbare tegenstelling van ‘oude’ vormen en nieuwe materialen en bouworganisatie. -
Kansen in Het Koninkrijk. Studiebeurzen 1815-2015
KANSEN IN HET KONINKRIJK STUDIEBEURZEN 1815.2015 Pieter Slaman, Wouter Marchand en Ruben Schalk Boom – Amsterdam Deze publicatie is tot stand gekomen met steun van het Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, het Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties, de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, de Universiteit Leiden, slotbeschouwing de Universiteit Utrecht en de Dienst Uitvoering Onderwijs Auteurs Pieter Slaman, Wouter Marchand en Ruben Schalk Begeleidingscommissie 1815 -2015 Jan Derksen, Leen Dorsman, Maarten Duijvendak, Oscar Gelderblom, Adriaan in ’t Groen, Willem Otterspeer en Richard Paping 9 10 11 12 Eindredactie Jan Derksen buitenland leerlingstelsel studiefinanciering sociale Vormgeving Gert Jan Slagter voor iedereen gevolgen na 1945 na Beeldredactie en beeldresearch Corrie van Maris Ontwerp en uitvoering Risograph Print Gerard Schoneveld Beeldbewerking Risograph Print Tomas Janicek Druk Wilco, Amersfoort 6 7 8 © 2015 Pieter Slaman, Wouter Marchand en Ruben Schalk koninkrijk sociaal bezetting overzee stelsel Behoudens de in of krachtens de Auteurswet van 1912 gestelde 1945 tot uitzonderingen mag niets uit deze uitgave worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand, of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch door fotokopieën, opnamen of enig andere manier, 1 2 3 4 5 zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. universiteiten arbeidsmarkt onderwijzers- schoolstrijd ambachten opleiding No part of this book may be reproduced in any way whatsoever eeuw 19e without the written permission of the publisher. isbn 9789089535405 inleiding nur 680 www.uitgeverijboom.nl 9 Inleiding Studiefinanciering in de negentiende eeuw 14 1. Universiteiten 26 2. Arbeidsmarkt 38 3. Onderwijzersopleiding 50 4. Schoolstrijd beelden i 68 5. Ambachten Studiefinanciering tot 1945 88 6. -
N the Changing Shape of Pro-Slavery Arguments in the Netherlands (1789- 1814)
3 n the changing shape of pro-slavery arguments in the Netherlands (1789- 1814) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-463320161402 Pepjin Brandon Department of History, VU Amsterdam International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam, Netherlands [email protected] Abstract: One of the puzzling questions about the formal Dutch abolition of the slave- trade in 1814 is why a state that was so committed to maintaining slavery in its Empire did not put up any open resistance to the enforced closing of the trade that fed it. The explanations that historians have given so far for this paradox focus mainly on circumstances within the Netherlands, highlighting the pre-1800 decline of the role of Dutch traders in the African slave-trade, the absence of a popular abolitionist movement, and the all-overriding focus within elite-debates on the question of economic decline. This article argues that the (often partial) advanced made by abolitionism internationally did have a pronounced influence on the course of Dutch debates. This can be seen not only from the pronouncements by a small minority that advocated abolition, but also in the arguments produced by the proponents of a continuation of slavery. Careful examination of the three key debates about the question that took place in 1789-1791, 1797 and around 1818 can show how among dominant circles within the Dutch state a new ideology gradually took hold that combined verbal concessions to abolitionist arguments and a grinding acknowledgement of the inevitability of slave-trade abolition with a long-term perspective for prolonging slave-based colonial production in the West-Indies. -
Cultivated Tastes Colonial Art, Nature and Landscape in The
F Cultivated Tastes G Colonial Art, Nature and Landscape in the Netherlands Indies A Doctoral Dissertation by Susie Protschky PhD Candidate School of History University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia Contents Acknowledgments …………………………………………………………….. iii List of Abbreviations ………………………………………………………….. v List of Plates …………………………………………………………………… vi F G Introduction ……………………………………………………………………. 1 Part I — Two Journeys Chapter 1: Landscape in Indonesian Art ……………………………………….. 36 Chapter 2: Dutch Views of Indies Landscapes …………………………………. 77 Part II — Ideals Chapter 3: Order ………………………………………………………………. 119 Chapter 4: Peace ………………………………………………………………. 162 Chapter 5: Sacred Landscapes ………………………………………………… 201 Part III — Anxieties Chapter 6: Seductions …………………………………………………………. 228 Chapter 7: Identity – Being Dutch in the Tropics …………………………….. 252 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………….. 293 F G Glossary ……………………………………………………………………….. 319 Bibliography …………………………………………………………………... 322 ii Acknowledgments First, I would like to express my gratitude to the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at the University of New South Wales for granting me an Australian Postgraduate Award between 2001 and 2005. The same Faculty funded two research trips abroad, one to the Netherlands in 2004 and another to Indonesia in 2005. Without these sources of funding this thesis would not have possible. In the Netherlands, I must thank Pim Westerkamp at the Museum Nusantara, Delft, for taking me on a tour through the collection and making archival materials available to me. Thanks also to Marie-Odette Scalliet at the University of Leiden, for directing me toward more of her research and for showing me some of the university library’s Southeast Asia collection. I also appreciate the generosity of Peter Boomgaard, of the KITLV in Leiden, for discussing aspects of my research with me. Thanks to the staff at the KIT Fotobureau in Amsterdam, who responded admirably to my vague request for ‘landscape’ photographs from the Netherlands Indies. -
Nederlandsche Handel- Maatschappij, 1824-1964
ABN AMRO Historisch Archief NederlANdscHe HANdel- MAAtscHAppij, 1824-1964 Trading roots, 1824-1882 Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij (Netherlands Tra- was compelled to pay taxation in kind (chiefly coffee, ding Society) or NHM was founded in The Hague on sugar and tea). NHM acted as state banker, merchant March 29, 1824 on the initiative of King William I, who and shipping agent. It sold and shipped the products was nicknamed the Merchant Monarch because of his the Dutch Government obtained through the Cultivation active support trade and industry. The king’s object was System. NHM did this so successfully and attracted so to resuscitate the national economy in the wake of the much business that it acquired the nickname Kompenie period of French rule (1795-1813). NHM was an import/ Ketjil, or ‘Little Company’, after the older and famous export company set up to expand existing trade relations Dutch East India Company. and open up new channels. After 1830 when the Netherlands and Belgium became separate states, NHM also provided risk and loan capital to industrial enterprises, especially in the textile industry in the Twente region of the Netherlands. In 1850 NHM began to finance companies operating plantations in the Dutch East Indies. NHM even owned a number of plantations itself. As part of this policy a branch was opened in Singapore in 1858. Its successor is now the oldest bank in Singapore. In the Dutch colony of Surinam NHM had from 1866 on an interest in cultivation companies, most famous of which was Mariënburg (1882). Through its close ties with the Dutch government, NHM played a major role in developing trade between the Netherlands and the Dutch East Indies. -
Napoleon's Hundred Days and the Shaping of a Dutch Identity
Napoleon's Hundred Days and the Shaping of a Dutch Identity Lottejensen Dutch people! - brave! - good hearted! Brothers, Belgians! Noble family Too long were we separated, Now our destiny is one Let us sing united together Humanity's triumphant song.1 With these words, a poet from the Dutch city of AUanaar celebrated the taking of Paris and the defeat of Napoleon by the allied forces in July 1815. It is clear that to his mind the victory should be celebrated together by the Dutch and Belgian people. Having been separated for so long, destiny had now reunited them. The author emphasised the familiar relationship between both nations by using by using words like "brothers" (broeders) and "family" (kroost). The political union between the Dutch and Belgian people was of a very recent date: only a year before, on 21 June 1814, had it been decided, in a confidential treaty-the EightArticles of London-thatthe L. Jensen Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands e-mail: l.jensen@let. ru. nl ©The Author(s) 2018 125 K. Astbury and M. Philp (cds. ), 'Napoleon'sHundred Days and the Politics of Legitimacy, War, Culture and Society, 1750-1850, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70208-7_7 126 L. JENSEN NAPOLEON'S HUNDRED DAYS AND THE SHAPING OF A DUTCH IDENTITY 127 Belgian Provinces would be added to the territory of the Netherlands. However, reactions were dominated by the Northern Dutch perspec- This treaty may be regarded as a diplomatic victory for the Dutch tive, which was strongly coloured by the years of Napoleonic annexa- sovereign William I and his negotiators, who began their move for terri- tion. -
Unfree Labour and Extractive Regimes in Colonial Java and Beyond
TSpace Research Repository tspace.library.utoronto.ca Unfree Labour and Extractive Regimes in Colonial Java and Beyond Tania Murray Li, Alexandre Pelletier and Arianto Sangadji Version Post-print/accepted manuscript Citation Li, T. M., Pelletier, A., & Sangadji, A. (2016). Unfree Labour and (published version) Extractive Regimes in Colonial Java and Beyond. Development and Change, 47(3), 598-611. Publisher’s statement This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Li, T. M., Pelletier, A., & Sangadji, A. (2016). Unfree Labour and Extractive Regimes in Colonial Java and Beyond. Development and Change, 47(3), 598-611, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dech.12229 . This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. How to cite TSpace items Always cite the published version, so the author(s) will receive recognition through services that track citation counts, e.g. Scopus. If you need to cite the page number of the author manuscript from TSpace because you cannot access the published version, then cite the TSpace version in addition to the published version using the permanent URI (handle) found on the record page. This article was made openly accessible by U of T Faculty. Please tell us how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Review essay _________________________________________________________________________ Unfree Labour and Extractive Regimes in Colonial Java and Beyond Tania Murray Li, Alexandre Pelletier and Arianto Sangaji __________________________________________________________________________ Jan Breman, Mobilizing Labour for the Global Coffee Market: Profits From an Unfree Work Regime in Colonial Java. -
Low Countries Historical Review | Volume 136 (2021) | Review 8
bmgn — Low Countries Historical Review | Volume 136 (2021) | review 8 Angelie Sens, De kolonieman. Johannes van den Bosch (1780-1844), volksverheffer in naam van de koning (Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Balans, 2019, 440 pp., isbn 9789460038914). De carrière van Johannes van den Bosch was nauw verbonden met het koningschap van Willem i van Nederland. Allereerst verwierf Van den Bosch koninklijke belangstelling dankzij zijn inspanningen op sociaal gebied met de oprichting van de Maatschappij van Weldadigheid in 1818, en na 1826 op koloniaal vlak met zijn hervormingsplannen voor Suriname en de invoering en uitvoering van het Cultuurstelsel op Java. Meestal wordt Van den Boschs naam verbonden aan een van deze twee grootschalige projecten en is er weinig oog voor de doorgaande lijn in zijn activiteiten. Dat is opmerkelijk, omdat het maar de vraag is of de koning met zo een gewillig oor naar de koloniale hervormingsplannen van Van den Bosch had geluisterd als hij niet eerst gezien had met hoeveel daadkracht de Maatschappij van Weldadigheid werd gerealiseerd. In de biografie De kolonieman. Johannes van den Bosch (1780- 1844), volksverheffer in naam van de koning, geschreven door de cultuur- en pershistoricus Angelie Sens, komt de rode draad in Van den Boschs carrière gelukkig wel tot zijn recht. Tussen 1927 en 1970 vestigde Jacobus Johannes Westendorp Boerma de aandacht op deze flamboyante persoonlijkheid met een proefschrift, een pakkende biografie uit 1950, een bronnenpublicatie en een lange reeks artikelen. Nu heeft Sens dit alles, verrijkt met aanvullend eigen onderzoek, nog eens samengevat in een overzichtelijke en vlot geschreven biografie. Zij biedt enkele nieuwe inzichten over de eerste levensfase van Van den Bosch, dat wil zeggen, zijn jeugdjaren in Herwijnen in het rivierengebied tussen Waal en Linge, zijn diensttijd als genieofficier op Java en zijn bemoeienissen als landeigenaar in de Ommelanden van Batavia. -
Prince Dipanagara's Pilgrim's Staff
Archipel Études interdisciplinaires sur le monde insulindien 97 | 2019 Varia Prince Dipanagara’s Pilgrim’s Staff Le Bâton de pèlerinage du Prince Dipanagara Pauline Lunsingh Scheurleer Electronic version URL: https://journals.openedition.org/archipel/1034 DOI: 10.4000/archipel.1034 ISSN: 2104-3655 Publisher Association Archipel Printed version Date of publication: 11 June 2019 Number of pages: 87-112 ISBN: 978-2-910513-81-8 ISSN: 0044-8613 Electronic reference Pauline Lunsingh Scheurleer , “Prince Dipanagara’s Pilgrim’s Staff”, Archipel [Online], 97 | 2019, Online since 16 June 2016, connection on 16 September 2021. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/archipel/ 1034 ; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/archipel.1034 Association Archipel PAULINE LUNSINGH SCHEURLEER 1 Prince Dipanagara’s Pilgrim’s Staff 1Prince Dipanagara (1785-1855), a national hero of the Republic Indonesia, was the leader of the Java War (1825-1830). As a Javanese prince who took the title of Ratu Adil (Just King), he owned many weapons and other objects considered pusaka (sacred heirloom). Both during the War itself, when some were captured by Dutch commanders, and afterwards, when the prince’s personal collection of pusaka weapons were distributed among his children, a number of the pusaka in his possession still remained and many would subsequently be dispersed in collections all over the world. One of these pusaka has only recently surfaced. For a long time it had remained with the descendants of Jean Chrétien Baud (1789-1859), a post-Java War Governor-General (in office 1834-1836), after an interim period (1833-1834). In 1834 Baud went on an inspection tour, with the purpose of affirming Dutch power on the island and to check that the recently imposed Cultivation System (cultuurstelsel) was working properly.