HOUSES 15 ood, aluminum, and (28.6 x 57.2 x 64.8 cm). " W 2 ⁄ 1 25 x 1932. 2 ⁄ 1 l. e d 22 ving and roof room garden. 1995–99. o x Li 4 M Exterior view.Exterior 1930. courtesy Photo ⁄ 1 Architecture and Design Center, Study Architecture 2004 Artist Rights2004 Society (ARS),York/ New ADAGP, Paris Photo: Koslowski. Paul Corbusier. Le Fondation © IMAGE 12: plastic, 11 Modelmaker: Conrad. Theodore of The Museum Art,Modern York. New Purchase. © Artists2004 Rights Society (ARS),ADAGP, Paris York/ New IMAGE 14: the ofThe Museum Art, Modern York New IMAGE 10: er apartmenter bathroom. rance hall.rance 1995–99. Photo: Paul ast Ent M Northwest and southwest facades. and southwest Northwest k/ADAGP, Paris r o Y w e IMAGE 11: Koslowski. Corbusier. Le Fondation © 2004 Artists Rights Society (ARS),ADAGP, York/ New Paris IMAGE 9: 1995–99. Photo: Koslowski. Paul Le Fondation Corbusier.Artists Rights © 2004 Society (ARS), Paris York/ADAGP, New HOUSE THREE: The House on Stilts—Villa Savoye, Poissy-sur-Seine, France. on Stilts—Villa The House HOUSE THREE: Savoye, Poissy-sur-Seine, 1929–31 (French, Jeanneret) (Charles-Édouard Corbusier Le born Switzerland. 1887–1965), with (Swiss, Jeanneret Pierre 1896–1967) IMAGE 13: 1995–99. Photo: Koslowski. Paul Le Fondation Corbusier.Artists Rights © 2004 Society (ARS), N ,or pilotis ounds the r their ur e s (67 x 58.4 x " 8 ⁄ w 3 indo 23 x 62 x 8 ⁄ 3 bon w ib r Le Corbusier,Le with Jeanneret Pierre ds? Have your classmates shar and Charlotte Perriand (French, Perriand and Charlotte 1903–1999). Longue.Chaise 1928. steel, Chrome-plated fab- ric, and leather, 26 IMAGE 15: 158.4 cm). of The Museum Art, Modern New York. Gift of Thonet Industries, Inc. List five words that describe this house.List five words do you see What . ete columns (or stilts), (or columns ete and a flat roof. A Villa Savoye,Villa with along its impending destruction, attracted international es that made you choose these wor ncr f o drooms, guest room, kitchen, bathroom, arranged are in an L- and living room o c e or ofor the house. is a washbasin floor there the ground the entrance on inside Just la Savoye was built between 1929 and 1931 on an open area of area open an 1929 and 1931 on between was built la Savoye farmland in the e d il chair” tiles; and black blue made from floor. the into is built the tub The house’s e “ V c around a terrace.around The bathroom, Mrs. for built Savoye, a bathtub and a features , stat r the b e y , o e r d

e o responses. between Do you notice any differences Did everyone select similar words? responses? people’s Can you think of any similarities or differences between your home (or other houses you Can you think of any similarities or differences Savoye? Villa have seen) and Look closely at these images in the pictur Although Mrs. ownership, retained World during Savoye Savoye Villa vacated the family The Savoye family was the first to own a car in the area, to was the first family The Savoye fea- included Corbusier and Le ound flo inf

r a museum. as the public it to the house and open restore to radual steps oats. of The levels upper ramp spiral or by stairway. accessible are the house first On the at amp for the car leading into the garage the the car leading into and the driveway,amp for the curve of the equals which e • DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 14 of 9 through Images students your Show Savoye. Villa • for guests to clean their hands in and an area along a wall where they a wall along can hang up their where their hands in and an area clean guests to for c flo shap r g loung flat roof a garden. contains damage. extensive II and it suffered War the war, After of the town to attempted Poissy in its place. a school build to it in order the house and demolish expropriate The deterio- r concern. Ministry with of the French worked and intervened Corbusier Le to Culture preservation. Savoye’s Villa death, ensure Corbusier’s Le After in 1965, the Ministry took g turning radius of car. a large of The interior the house, ramps (as well also contains which as a spiral the ramps echoes stairway) and curve of has other the driveway. Savoye Villa The at the time the house was built, unusual considered that were features as such town oftown Poissy, of miles outside twenty-five approximately Paris. in the design oftures the automobile. accommodate the house to instance, For is a there r ABOUT THE VILLA SAVOYE his cousin, and Jeanneret) (Charles-Édouard Corbusier Designed Le by Jeanneret, Pierre Perriand,with and furnishings Charlotte spaces interior by was named Savoye Villa the its originalafter owners, Savoye. and Eugénie Pierre as a country the for home Intended famil

HOUSES 16 HOUSES 17 5 7 Some ofSome the 4 (New York: (New Press, The Monacelli Inc., 1989), 173. He described Le Corbusier’s work as a “childish as a work described Corbusier’s Le He 6 , Riley, and Terence Reed eds. Peter York: Art, (New Modern The Museum , trans.York: (New Etchells Frederick Holt,Winston, Rinehart and 1986), 89. ral heritage. of Most trace their could in his town the residents est Rietveld’s Red Blue Chair (Image 8). (Image Chair Blue Red Rietveld’s kinds of What can comparisons f o Frank Lloyd Wright: Architect Wright: Lloyd Frank e ing his anc eenager, the natural landscape in his area. sketching he enjoyed Corbusier Le t ban housing, factories, buildings. and government ofwas one Corbusier Le a Le Corbusier and the Continual Revolution in Architecture Revolution and the Continual in Corbusier Le dg uguenots who fled France during the sixteenth century to avoid persecution. during century avoid who the sixteenth uguenots fled to France a Towards a New Architecture a New Towards hitects that designed the United Nations headquarters in New York City,York headquarters in New com- Nations that designedhitects the United eler, old. eighteen when years he was just he completed which he was When c le s H w A w with his cousin, (born 1896, Jeanneret Pierre in Geneva). Both gained men fame ar o t f e e ic kno t cal je ime. c e-scale ur c ir home. with carried often him, small sketchpads He his throughout that lasted a habit t a ok at the imag ended art school from the age of the age artended from school twenty. to seventeen earliest designhouse for His was a Along with the Villa Savoye,Villa withAlong the in projects completed Jeanneret and Pierre Corbusier Le While he was growing up,growing he was While spent a lot of Corbusier Le time with hiking near his father How do you suppose most people reacted when they saw Villa Savoye for the first time in Savoye for the first Villa when they saw most people reacted How do you suppose today? similar reactions the 1930s? Do you think people would have The architect Frank Lloyd Wright also had a negative reaction to the Villa Savoye.Villa the to reaction also had a negative Wright Lloyd Frank The architect He comments.Consider all of the above was design you think the criticism of Le Corbusier’s Do fair or not? a e lo Gwendolyn Wright,Gwendolyn in Le Corbusier, Le Jencks, Charles Ibid.,173. o romising architects because of architects romising of the innovation designs, their particularly houses, which r f eam o pleted in 1953.pleted died in France, Corbusier Le in 1965; later, years died two Jeanneret Pierre in Geneva. for their role in developing the International Style the International of in developing role their for architecture. 1940 and 1922 to From various 1955 they on collaborated 1951 to projects.from young, Their firm attracted many p and steel. concrete using modern like materials to commitment their reflected Another of was their obtainment achievement notable sliding windows. horizontal for a patent Europe,America, and South North Asia,Africa, and homes, including furniture, churches, larg t 7. att a old, years twenty-three Behrens, Peter for working months he spent five a Berlin-based his designs at the time for of who was recognized architect factories and houses. One of Le architect, young another included colleagues Corbusier’s (see Rohe van der Mies Ludwig Five).House 1917, In Paris, to moved Corbusier Le he established an architectural where p 4. 5. 6. the lif lineag ABOUT LE CORBUSIER (CHARLES-ÉDOUARD JEANNERET) AND PIERRE JEANNERET ABOUT LE CORBUSIER (CHARLES-ÉDOUARD The architect, painter, was born in 1887, and lithographer Jeanneret Charles-Édouard in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland. Corbusier”“Le name the Huguenot adopted later as a way He o attempt to make buildings resemble steamships, buildings resemble make to attempt flying machines, locomotives.” or EXPLORATION FOR FURTHER L the 15)? Consider (Image Longue Chaise Corbusier’s and Le the chair between make you used,materials the shapes, and what of the sensation might chair sitting in each be. • critics’ enthusiastic. not so were responses One particularlyVilla scathing review called the landscape.” Virgilian a on down touched that has just capsule space “alien an Savoye stilts.” on “box it as a to referred once the following: write that addresses to students an essay your Ask • FOLLOW-UP ACTIVITY FOLLOW-UP machine: a a house to likened living once in. for Corbusier house is a machine Le “A Baths, sun, hot water, water, cold warmth at will, conservation of ofsense good proportion. food,sitting in,for is a machine armchair An on.” and so hygiene, beauty in the 1994), 86. - Towards a Towards Modern Architecture: How would you com et. of architecture. was This term eanner J e ontal bands ofontal windows. sliding the As iz , vertically. but columns, Since walls, not r ng ho five points in his other designs? lo free plan free s International Style e , English, translated into (later 1923 titled ar s w or the enjoyment of the enjoyment or right of the outdoors top on the home. indo is f works like a like works . Jeanneret, and Pierre Corbusier Le included The exhibition Mies bon w , the separation through of achieved the load-bearing from columns ib R rank Lloyd Wright. rank Lloyd of Some of the distinguishing features International International Style architecture is generally characterized by its use of is generally characterized by StyleInternational architecture . oof garden ), design. successful indispensable to were he believed which and r Vers une architecture Vers illa Savoye? For example,illa Savoye? For the types do you notice similarities between free facade free are reinforced concrete columns, concrete reinforced are stilts, or raise that a structure off the V A and F A free plan free A indows other building designs by Le Corbusier and Pierr other building designs by Le Corbusier and ohe, den. national Style e Pilotis R them to r e e Inter le architecture in buildings today? Write an essay presenting your ideas. your presenting an essay Write in buildings today? le architecture

par of materials used? Do you think Le Corbusier pursued similar ideas in many of his designs? pursued of materials used? Do you think Le Corbusier Can you find examples of Le Corbusier’ Explor y

ilotis. an d GLOSSARY International Style: materials such as steel, such materials concrete, and glass, structures of and lack its boxy and decoration. Using the resources in the back of in the back the resources Using this guide, presenta- a class prepare students your have the following: writetion or to a paper in response 2. designsThe building of Corbusier, Le Jeanneret, Pierre are Rohe van der Mies and Ludwig as belonging the to to referred often of at The Museum a 1932 exhibition from coined Art called Modern Exhibition Inter-national v its sleek, are Style architecture simple designs; use of and metal; as concrete such materials flat surfaces; shapes. and rectangular of in the back the resources Using this guide, Style. about International more find out about critics’Learn more Style. International to responses people’s and other agree Do you own neighborhood, Think about your Why? read? disagree withor have what you the area school, your around visited. have that you places or of see examples Do you International St • carry the weight of the building, the walls anywhere. can pierce windows Ribbon W of facade is free Savoye’s Villa support not and does anything, columns can run windows width. its entire along Roof Gar Free Plan. Free Facade. Free New Architecture New P walls, the space. subdivides The columns, not the walls, carry the weight of so the building that the walls anywhere. can be placed RESEARCH PROJECTS RESEARCH 1. of Architecture Five Points Le Corbusier’s points of five Corbusier’s Le incorporates Savoye Villa The architecture,spelled he which in his bookout ground. The of use pilotis ofthat the inhabitants ensured Savoye Villa in the be elevated aboveground,would the home lifestyle. a hygienic promoting was very impor- (Hygiene the entrance of inside a washbasin 12 shows Corbusier—Image Le tant to Savoye, Villa the wash off people could where the home.) dirt entering outside before any

HOUSES 18