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The Hitchhiker’s Guide to UEB Literary

UEB Curricula Support Writing Group First published 2008 Revised 2013 Contents - Literary

Quick Reference...... 1 Definitions used in guide ...... 4 Explanatory Rules ...... 4 ...... 5 Capitalisation ...... 6 Grade 1 Indicators ...... 7 Typeforms ...... 8 Simple Upper Wordsigns and Groupsigns ...... 9 Lower-Cell Wordsigns and Groupsigns ...... 12 Final Letter Group Signs ...... 14 Initial Wordsigns/Groupsigns ...... 15 Shortform Words ...... 16 Māori and Foreign Words ...... 17 Numbers ...... 18 Typical and Problem Words ...... 19

Acknowledgements Thanks go to the Ministry of Education for their support in the development of this resource which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Sharealike licence. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- sa/3.0/nz/

The members of the 2008 UEB Curricula Support Writing Group were Elaine Gilmour, Jenny McFadden, Catherine West, Diane Glynan, Janet Reynolds, Isobel Dinning and Steve Bellamy. 1

UEB Literary Quick Reference

UEB Contractions

A a con 3 him hm ou \ their _! about ab conceive (con)cv himself hmf ought "\ themselves (the)mvs above abv conceiving (con)cvg his 8 ound . there "! according ac could cd I i ount .T these ~! across acr D D immediate imm ourselves (ou)rvs this ? after af day "D in 9 out \ those ^? afternoon afn deceive dcv ing + ow [ through "? afterward afw deceiving dcvg it x P p thyself (th)yf again ag declare dcl its xs paid pd time "T against ag(st) declaring dclg itself xf part "P tion ;N almost alm dis 4 ity ;y people p today td already alr do d j perceive p(er)cv together tgr also al E E just j perceiving p(er)cvg tomorrow tm although al(th) ea 1 K k perhaps p(er)h tonight tn altogether alt ed $ know "k Q q U u always alw either ei knowledge k question "Q under "U ance .e en 5 L l quick qk upon ^U and & ence ;e less .S quite q us u ar > enough 5 letter lr R r V v as z er ] like l rather r very v B b ever "E little ll receive rcv W w bb 2 every e lord "L receiving rcvg was 0 be 2 F F M m rejoice rjc were 7 because (be)c father "F many _M rejoicing rjcg wh : before (be)f ff 6 ment ;T right "R where ": behind (be)h first f(st) more m S s which : below (be)l for = mother "M said sd whose ^: beneath (be)n friend fr much m(ch) sh % will w beside (be)s from f must m(st) shall % with ) between (be)t ful ;L myself myf should (sh)d word ^W beyond (be)y G G N n sion .N work "W blind bl gg 7 Name "N so s world _W braille brl gh < necessary nec some "S would wd but b go g neither nei spirit _S X x C c good gd ness ;S st / Y y can c great grt oot n still / you y cannot _c H H O o such s(ch) young "Y cc 3 had _H Of ( T t your yr ch * have H one "O th ? yourself yrf character "* here "H oneself (one)f that t yourselves yrvs child * herself h(er)f ong ;g the ! Z z children (ch)n

Punctuation and Special Symbols & `& : 3 italic symbol .2 at sign @ `A ; 2 italic word .1 ' , 1 italic passage .7 "9 – ,- italic passage terminator .' \ _* long dash — ",- numeric indicator # forward / _/ degree sign ~J percent % .0 bold symbol ^2 dollar sign `S ? 8 bold word ^1 444 outer quotes 8 0 bold passage ^7 exclamation ! 6 inner quotes (single) ,8 ,0 bold terminator ^' or decimal point 4 inner quotes (double) ^8 ^0 round ( ) "< "> grade 1 symbol indicator ; open transcriber’s @.< square bracket [ ] .< .> grade 1 word indicator ;; close transcriber’s note @.> _4 grade 1 passage indicator ;;; underline symbol _2 capital sign , grade 1 terminator ;' underline word _1 capital word ,, - - underline passage _7 capital passage ,,, underline terminator _' capital terminator ,' _ .-

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Introduction

The Hitchhiker’s Guide to UEB first edition was written in 2008 by a group of dedicated Resource Teachers Vision from the Blind and Low Vision Network New Zealand together with support from staff at the Royal New Zealand Foundation of the Blind, Accessible Format Production.

The team members gifted their time, knowledge and passion for braille, to produce a resource to support staff, learners and producers with Unified English Braille (UEB) production, as New Zealand’s adoption of UEB became a reality in the education and braille worlds.

The Hitchhiker’s Guide to UEB was developed to serve as a quick memory jogger. It is not a comprehensive braille instruction guide. This edition, updated in 2013, reinforces the use of the guide as a reference tool to be used by Resource Teachers Vision (RTVs), teachers, teacher aides, Whānau and parents, who find themselves needing to braille texts quickly for student use.

For more in-depth braille rules please refer to the Braille Authority of New Zealand Aotearoa Trust BANZAT website at www.banzat.org.nz from which the current editions of the manuals listed below can be downloaded.

 Unified English Braille Manual: New Zealand Edition  Unified English Braille Guidelines for Technical Material  The Rules of Unified English Braille

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Definitions used in guide

1. Simple sign – a sign occupying one cell only

2. Composite sign – a sign occupying two or more cells

3. Upper sign – a sign containing dot 1, or dot 4, or both.

4. Lower sign – a sign containing neither dot 1 nor dot 4.

5. Contraction – a sign which represents a word or group of letters.

6. Groupsign – a contraction which represents a group of letters.

7. Wordsign – a contraction which represents a whole word.

8. Shortform – a contraction consisting of a word specially abbreviated in Braille.

Explanatory Rules

General Rules for the use of Contractions

Bridging Rule: In general, use a groupsign which bridges a prefix and the remainder of a word unless its use would hinder the recognition or pronunciation of the word. In particular, use the groupsigns for "ed", "en", "er", "of" and "st".

Similarly, use a groupsign which bridges a word and its suffix unless its use would hinder the recognition or pronunciation of the word.

Do not use a groupsign which would bridge the words which up an unhyphenated compound word. professor pr(essor mistake mi/ake edition $i;n twofold twofold

Law of Preference Rule: In order to save , certain Braille contractions take priority over others. This means that upper group signs usually take preference over lower group signs.

e.g. bear- “ar” takes preference to “ea”

No-Two-Lower-Signs-Touching-Without-a-Chaperone Law: No two lower signs May stand together without an empty space between them unless they touch a symbol that contains an upper dot (their chaperone)

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Punctuation comma , 1 apostrophe ‘ ' semicolon ; 2 hyphen - - colon : 3 dash – ,- fullstop . 4 longdash — ",- ! 6 underscore _ .- question mark ? 8 ellipsis dot … 4 repeated round ( ) "< "> standard quotes “ ” 8 0 square brackets [ ] .< .> inner single quotes ‘ ’ ,8 ,0 curly brackets { } _< _> inner double quotes “ ” ~8 ~0

Most punctuation marks are unspaced from the preceding or following word. The ellipsis is an exception.

Colours: red; green; blue, (etc). ,Col\rs3 r$2 gre52 blue1 "4

Spacing of the hyphen, dash and ellipsis can follow print but can also be standardised for readability. In print the hyphen is a shorter line and joins words together. The dash is a longer line that breaks the text. The long dash can be used to indicate blanks to be filled in.

Take a curtain-call. ,Take a curta9-call4 Drop the curtain – call the police! ,Drop ! curta9,-call ! police6 Another word for curtain is –––– ,Ano!r ^w = curta9 is ",- Help, I'm . . . oh no – ,Help1 ,I'm 444 oh no ,-

Use the standard braille quotation marks for the main quotes used in the print text. If the main quotes are double in print then use single braille quotes for any inner quotes. If the main quotes are single in print then use double braille quotes for any inner quotes.

“Don’t say ‘No Way’ to me,” she said. 8,Don't say ,8,No ,Way,0 to me10 %e sd4

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Capitalisation

Capital letters A to Z ,a to ,z Capitalised Word ,, Capitalised Passage ,,, Capitals Terminator ,'

Use the dot 6 prefix for a single capital letter, either standing alone, at the start of a word or at the start of a contraction.

Mr J Smith ,mr ;,j ,smi? Mrs P. O' Toole ,mrs ;,p4 ,o',toole Anglo-Saxon ,anglo-,saxon Not Again! ,n ,ag6

Use the capitalised word indicator when all the letters of a word are in capitals. It should be repeated after punctuation such as the hyphen or the apostrophe.

PETER JONES ,,PET] ,,J"OS NOT AGAIN! ,,N ,,AG6 ANGLO-SAXON ,,ANGLO-,,SAXON DON'T ,,DON',T

If three or more consecutive words are in capitals, put the capitalised passage indicator before the first word and the capitals terminator after the last word.

SONS AND LOVERS ,,,SONS & LOV]S,' I CAN'T BEAR IT! ,,,I C'T BE> X6,'

The capitals terminator is also used to change back to lowercase within a word.

unSELFish un,,self,'i% MPs ,,mp,'s IIIrd ,,iii,'rd

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Grade 1 Indicators

Grade 1 Symbol ; Grade 1 Word ;; Grade 1 Passage ;;; Grade 1 Terminator ;'

A braille symbol may have several meanings. For example: ;d the letter d (its grade 1 meaning) d the word do (the contraction or grade 2 meaning) #d the number 4 (the numeric meaning)

Use the grade 1 symbol indicator (previously known as the letter sign) whenever a print letter (or letters) could be misread as a contraction or number in braille.

Questions h and i are in Part A not Part B. ,"Qs ;h & i >e 9 ,"P ,A n ,"P ;,B4 (note that the letters a, i and o cannot be misread as contractions)

300cm equals 3m #cjj;cm equals #cm (note that only the letters a to j can be misread as numbers)

Question (d) in part B-1 ,"Q "<;d"> 9 "P ;,b-#a Mr J. Smith ,Mr ;,J4 ,Smi? (note that letters can still be misread as contractions when touching punctuation)

The line AB ,! l9e ;,,ab (note that a group of letters can sometimes be misread as a shortform contraction)

Use the grade 1 word indicator when several letters are in an unspaced sequence c-h-e-e-s-e ;;c-h-e-e-s-e

Email and web addresses are allowed to contain contractions. They can also be written uncontracted. E.g. [email protected] sup]4t1*]@abl5nz4s*ool4nz or super4teacher@ablennz4school4nz

Use the grade 1 passage indicator and terminator when a passage contains letters, print symbols and spaces but no contractions, for example a set of algebra exercises.

UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 8

Typeforms

Italic Bold Underline Symbol .2 ^2 _2 Word .1 ^1 _1 Passage .7 ^7 _7 Terminator .' ^' _'

Only indicate a print typeface when it is being used for emphasis or distinction. When a type face is used for purely visual reasons, for example in headings, it should not be indicated in braille.

If a single word is emphasised, put the corresponding word indicator before the word. That is my chair. ,t is .1my *air4. I am not happy. ,I am ^1n happy4

Do not repeat the word indicator after the hyphen in a compound word. I want lace-ups. ,I want ^1lace-ups4

If two consecutive words are emphasised, put the word indicator before each word. This is the Cost Price. ,? is ! _1,co/ _1,price4

If three or more consecutive words are emphasised, put the passage indicator before the first word and the terminator after the last word. On the Beach is overdue. .7,On ! ,B1*.' is ov]due4

If the last word is followed by punctuation, the terminator should generally be placed after the punctuation. We saw Out of Africa. ,We saw _7,\ ( ,Africa4_'

Use the symbol indicator if a single character is emphasised. The o in hot ,! ^2o 9 h^2ot The l in cold ,! ^2;l 9 co^2ld

If several consecutive letters are emphasised in the middle of a word, use the word indicator before them and the terminator after them. The ie in field ,! .1ie 9 f.1ie.'ld

UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 9

Simple Upper Wordsigns and Groupsigns

Use a Braille letter standing alone to represent a whole word. but b B have h h people p p very v v can c c just j j quite q q will w w do d d knowledge k k rather r r it x x every e e like l l so s s you y y from f f more m m that t t as z z go g g not n n us u u

 May be used as a possessive Example: Will's ,w's

 May be used as proper nouns Example: Mr. More ,mr4 ,m

 May be used as a hyphenated compound word. Example: so-so s-s

 May be used when immediately followed by an apostrophe and the word represented is kept distinct Example: Can’t ,c't

 Cannot be used as a syllable.

Word Signs and & for = of ( the ! with )

These contractions must stand alone to represent the whole word, but they may be used as group signs to express the same letters (without regard to their meaning) when they form part of a longer word.

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Group signs (and, for, of, the, with)

 Must be used in preference to other contractions. Example: o(the)r o!r

Refer to Bridging Rule (Page 4)

Wordsigns child ch * out ou | shall sh % still st / this th ? which wh :

 These contractions must stand alone to represent the whole word. It is correct to use a wordsign after a hyphen. Example: step-child /ep-*

 A wordsign may be used when immediately followed by an apostrophe Example: The child’s doll ,! *'s doll

Upper Groupsigns (ch, sh, st, th, wh)

These contractions may be used in any part of a word for the letters they represent.

 Do not use in abbreviations Example: St ,st

 Do not use in numbers. Example: 4th #dth

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Group Signs Contractions ar > ed $ er ] gh < ow {

 These contractions may represent their own sounds. Examples: ar! (pirate's laugh) >6 er (stuttering sound) } Ed (name) ,$ ow! (sound of pain) [6

 They may bridge prefix and root word or root word and suffix

Group Sign - Middle and End ing +  Used in the middle or end of words only. Examples: s(ing)le s+le or s(ing) s+

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Lower-Cell Wordsigns and Groupsigns

Lower-Cell Word Contractions: be 2 enough 5 his 8 in 9 was 0 were 7

 Must stand alone. Example: Chocolate milk is enough for him. ,*ocolate milk is 5 = hm4

 May not adjoin any marks of punctuation. Example: Is this his? ,is ? his8

 May adjoin a capital sign (which is a composition sign) unless the capital sign is preceded by a mark of punctuation. Example: His face is cute. ,8 face is cute4

 May have any number of lower-cell word contractions together as along they are spaced. Example: She was in enough classes. ,%e 0 9 5 classes4

Lower-cell Group Signs: en 5 in 9

 May be used in any part of a word; in particular they are the only lower groupsigns that may be used at the end of a word. Example: d(en) D5

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Lower-Cell Group Signs - Leader or Beginning-of-Word Contractions: be 2 con 3 dis 4

 Must always be used at the beginning of a word in which they form the first syllable.

 No-Two-Lower-Signs-Touching-Without-a-Chaperone Law. No two lower signs may stand together without an empty space between them unless they touch a symbol that contains an upper dot (their chaperone).

 con, dis - may only be used as parts of words, they have no whole-word meaning.

 May not be used in the middle or the end of a word.

 May not be used before punctuation.

Lower-cell Group Signs - Sandwich Contractions: ea 1 bb 2 cc 3 ff 6 gg 7

 May only appear in the middle of word, must appear between letters or contractions. Example: be(gg)(ed) be7$

 Has the lowest priority - Law of Preference applies.

 May not adjoin punctuation.

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Final Letter Group Signs dots 4,6 . dots 5,6 ; ance .e ence ;E less .S ful ;l ound .D ity ;Y ount .T ment ;T sion .n ness ;S ong ;G tion ;n

 Use as parts of words. Example: d(ance) d.e

 Final letter group signs always take first priority. Example: (th)(ence) ?;e

 May not begin a word Example: fulfill fulfill

UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 15

Initial Wordsigns/Groupsigns

Initial wordsigns are two cells read together as a single unit.

Dot 5 Words: day "D part "P character "* ever "E question "q ought "\ father "F right "R through "? here "H some "S there "! know "k time "t where ": lord "L under "u mother "M work "W name "n young "y one "o

Dots 4,5 Words: Dots 4,5,6 Words: these ~! cannot _C those ~? had _H whose ~: many _M word ~W spirit _S upon ~u world _W their _!

Initial Wordsigns:  Are used as whole words and as parts of words. Examples: (here) "H (part)n(er) "pn]

 Are used as parts of words when it retains its original meaning. Examples: bir(th)(day) bir?"d gr(and)(father) gr&"f

 Are used as parts of words when it retains its original sound or pronunciation. Examples: ad(here) ad"h s(mother) s"m

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Shortform Words ab about (be)n beneath h(er)f herself qk quick abv above (be)s beside hm him rcv receive ac according (be)t between hmf himself rcvg receiving acr across (be)y beyond imm immediate rjc rejoice af after bl blind xs its rjcg rejoicing afn afternoon brl braille xf itself sd said afw afterward (ch)n children lr letter (sh)d should ag again (con)cv conceive ll little s(ch) such ag(st) against (con)cvg conceiving m(ch) much (the)mvs themselves alm almost cd could m(st) must (th)yf thyself alr already dcv deceive myf myself td today al also dcvg deceiving nec necessary tgr together al(th) although dcl declare nei neither tm tomorrow alt altogether dclg declaring (one)f oneself tn tonight alw always ei either (ou)rvs ourselves wd would (be)c because f(st) first pd paid yr your (be)f before fr friend p(er)cv perceive yrf yourself (be)h behind gd good p(er)cvg perceiving yrvs yourselves (be)l below grt great p(er)h perhaps

Shortforms may be used whenever they are standing alone, regardless of meaning and regardless of whether the word is used as an ordinary word or as a proper name.

Shortforms may generally be used within a longer word (including proper names) provided that there is no interference in spelling and an original meaning of the basic shortform word is retained.

 However a shortform may not be used within a longer word if this turns it into a different word. (eg about cannot be used in abouts).  In particular the shortforms after, blind and friend cannot be used before a vowel or a y. (eg friend cannot be used in befriended)  A shortform beginning with be or con can only be part of a longer word if it occurs at the start of that word (eg between cannot be used in inbetween)  A grade one indicator should be used if an unusual word could be read as a shortform (eg hm could be read as him)

Mr Much ,mr ,m* walkabout walkab Firstbank ,f/bank unfriendly unfrly Hm … ;,hm 444 not ,hm 444

If in doubt refer to the “UEB Shortforms List” which is in Appendix 1 of The Rules of Unified English Braille.

UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 17

Māori and Foreign Words

_ ¯ macron above following letter ~/ ´ acute accent above following letter ,~ acute accent above following capital letter / ´ ~* ` grave accent above following letter ~% ˆ circumflex above following letter ~3 ¨ umlaut above following letter ~& ¸ cedilla below following letter ~$ ° circle above following letter ~] ~ above following letter

 All Māori words should be written uncontracted except for the wh contraction.  Single letters do not need the grade 1 symbol indicator.  Macrons are represented by preceding the vowel with dots 456.

Tirohia te āhua o tēnei whare! ,Tirohia te _ahua o t_enei :are6

Aroha lives in Whenuapai. ,Aroha lives 9 ,:enuapai4

Occasional foreign words within English text should have their accents represented according to the table above. Unaccented letters can be contracted.

We’ll have pâté and vin rosé. ,we'll h p~%at~/e & v9 ros~/e4

Longer foreign phrases that are set apart within English text are better uncontracted but should still use the accents in the table above.

“Où est le Café?” he asked. 8,o~*u est le ,caf~/e80 he ask$4

Texts for the study of a foreign language should use the one cell braille accents defined in the braille code for that language, and not the two cell accents above.

UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 18

Numbers

The digits 1 – 9 and 0 are shown by the letters a – j preceded by the numeric indicator.

1 #a 6 #f 2 #b 7 #g 3 #c 8 #h 4 #d 9 #i 5 #e 0 #j comma 1 decimal point or full stop 4 simple fraction line /

123 3,408 4.3 .5 ½ #abc #c1djh #d4c #4e #a/b

Repeat the numeric indicator after a hyphen 1914 - 18 #aiad-#ah

Repeat the numeric indicator after all punctuation except the decimal point or full stop, the comma, and the fraction line.

3:45 #c3#DE 3.45 #c4DE 7(2) #g"<#b"> 7(b) #g" 1/2/07 #a_/#b_/#jg 1½ #a#a/b

The numeric indicator initiates Grade 1 mode so ordinal endings are uncontracted.

1st and 5th #ast & #eth

Roman numbers follow the same rules as other letter sequences

i II v (iv) (V) vth i ,,ii ;v " "<;,V"> v?

UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 19

Typical and Problem Words

This list is a New Zealand draft. The braille form of each word is in accordance with the Duxbury translation table for UEB as at December 2012.

A adenoid ad5oid à la carte ^*a la c>te adhere ad"h ab initio ;ab 9itio adhered adh]$ abalone abalone adherence adh];e abandoned ab&on$ adherent adh]5t abbé a2^/e adjust adju/ abbreviation a2revia;n ado ado able able advanced adv.ed aborigine aborig9e advancing advanc+ about ab aedile a$ile aboutface abface aeration a]a;n about-face ab-face aerial a]ial above abv aerobics a]obics aboveboard abvbo>d aerodynamics a]odynamics abovementioned abvm5;n$ aerofoil a]ofoil above-mentioned abv-m5;n$ aeroplane a]oplane absinthe abs9! aesthetically aes!tically accede a3$e affable a6able acclamation a3lama;n affianced a6i.ed accompaniment a3ompani;t affiliation a6ilia;n accordance a3ord.e affinity a69;y according ac affirm a6irm accordingly acly afforded af=d$ account a3.t affrighted a6"r$ acerose ac]ose afghan afy agreeable agre1ble appearance appe>.e agreeably agre1bly apperceive app]cv ain't a9't aqueduct aqu$uct air-conditioned air-3di;n$ arboreal >bor1l al ;al arccosine >ccos9e albeit albeit archaic >*aic albino alb9o area >ea alienation ali5a;n areas >1s alike alike areaway >1way ally ally areligious areligi\s almoner almon] arena >5a almost alm aren't >5't almshouse almsh\se aright a"r along al;g arisen >is5 already alr aristocrat >i/ocrat also al arithmetic >i?metic also-rans al-rans aroma >oma althorn althorn around >.d although al? arouse >\se altimeter altimet] arpeggio >pe7io altogether alt arrivé >riv^/e always alw arrivederci >riv$]ci amenable am5able arrowhead >r[h1d amethyst ame?y/ assembled assembl$ among am;g asseverate ass"eate anaerobic ana]obic asthma as?ma anaesthesia anaes!sia astonishing a/oni%+ anathema ana!ma astound a/.d ancestral ance/ral astringent a/r+5t andante &ante asunder as"u anemone anemone atheneum a!neum anesthesia anes!sia atmosphere atmosp"h anteater ant1t] atone at"o antecedent antec$5t atoned aton$ antedate ant$ate atonement at"o;t antediluvian ant$iluvian au gratin au grat9 antenatal ant5atal auctioneer auc;ne] antennae ant5nae aunthood aunthood anterior ant]ior aureate aur1te anteroom ant]oom aurora borealis aurora bor1lis antheap anth1p authentic au!ntic anthill anthill avenue av5ue antinode ant9ode azaleas azal1s antitheses anti!ses B antithesis anti!sis babbled ba2l$ antitype antitype baccalaureate ba3alaur1te apartheid a"pheid bacchanal bac*anal apartment a"p;t bagging ba7+ UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 21 bain-marie ba9-m>ie behind 2h bakery bak]y behindhand 2hh& balanced bal.ed bein' 2in' ballerina ball]9a be'ind be'9d ballyhoo ballyhoo being 2+ baloney bal"oy believer 2liev] bandanna b&anna belittle 2ll banderole b&]ole belittled 2lld barbarity b>b>;y belittling 2littl+ barometer b>omet] belligerence bellig];e baroness b>o;s belligerent bellig]5t baronet b>onet belonging 2l;g+ bastion bas;n below 2l bathed ba!d belowground 2lgr.d battleaxe battleaxe beneath 2n battledore battledore benediction b5$ic;n bayonet bayonet beneficent 2nefic5t be’ave be'ave beneficial b5eficial beach b1* beneficiary b5efici>y beacon b1con benefit b5efit beadwork b1d"w benevolence 2nevol;e bearable be>able benighted 2niy bilingual bil+ual boundless b.d.s binary b9>y bountiful b.ti;l binaural b9aural boutonniere b\tonni]e bingo b+o boutonnière b\tonni^*ere binocular b9ocul> braille brl binodal b9odal brailler brlr binomial b9omial braillewriter brlwrit] binormal b9ormal brailling braill+ biofeedback biofe$back braillist brailli/ bipartisan bi"pisan bravery brav]y birthright bir?"r breathed br1!d biscuity biscuity bribery brib]y bistro bi/ro bride-to-be bride-to-be blanche blan*e brightened b"r5$ blandishment bl&i%;t brimful brim;l bleeding ble$+ brimfull brim;ll blemish blemi% brother-in-law bro!r-9-law blend bl5d brougham br\et blood-letter blood-lr cabled cabl$ blossomed blossom$ caesarean caes>1n blunder bl"u cajolery cajol]y boloney bol"oy calisthenics calis!nics Bonaparte ,bona"pe camaraderie cam>ad]ie bone b"o can-can c-c boned bon$ cancel c.el boner bon] cancellation c.ella;n bongo b;go cancer c.er boreal bor1l candidate c&idate boredom bor$om cannot _c bosomed bosom$ canoed cano$ bothered bo!r$ cans cans bottleneck bottleneck can's c's UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 23 can't c't cheroot *]oot cantilever cantil"e chieftainess *iefta9ess canzone canzone chiffchaff *i6*aff cap'en cap'5 chiffonier *i6oni] captainess capta9ess child-care *-c>e career c>e] childhood *ildhood carnation c>na;n childishness *ildi%;s carte c>te childless *ild.s carthorse c>thorse childlike *ildlike caseate cas1te child-like *-l casino cas9o children *n cassowary cass[>y child's *'s castlery ca/l]y chimaera *ima]a cathead cath1d china *9a cathedral ca!dral chinamen *9am5 caustically cau/ically chockful *ock;l caveat cav1t chockfull *ock;ll CD-ROM ;,,cd-,,rom chow mein *[ me9 cedar c$> christened *ri/5$ cedilla c$illa christmastide *ri/ma/ide cement ce;t chromosome *romo"s centime c5time chubbiness *u2i;s centimeter c5timet] chuckfull *uck;ll centrosome c5tro"s cicerone cic]one ceramics c]amics cigarette cig>ette cereal c]1l cinerama c9]ama cerise c]ise cingulum c+ulum cerulean c]ul1n citizeness citiz5ess chaffinch *a69* city c;y chaise longue *aise l;gue clandestine cl&e/9e chanced *.ed clarinet cl>9et chancel *.el clarionet cl>ionet chancellor *.ellor clearness cle>;s chancery *.ery clement cle;t chandelier *&eli] cleverest cl"ee/ changeable *ang1ble cliffs cli6s chapeau *ap1u cliff's cliff's chaperone *ap]"o clotheshorse clo!shorse characteristically "*i/ically cobbler co2l] charade *>ade cochineal co*91l chargé d'affaires *>g^/e cock-a-doodle-do cock-a-doodle-d d'a6aires coed co$ chargeable *>g1ble co-ed co-$ chastise *a/ise coenzyme co5zyme château *^%at1u coerce co]ce cheddar *$d> coffee c(fee cheerlessness *e].s;s cofounder cof.d] chemotherapy *emo!rapy cohere co"h chenille *5ille coherence coh];e UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 24 coherent coh]5t conceived 3cvd coiffure coi6ure conceiver 3cvr colonel colonel conceiving 3cvg colorblind colorbl concept 3cept coma coma concertina 3c]t9a comates comates concertinaed 3c]t9a$ comatose comatose conch con* comb comb concha 3*a combe combe conchology 3*ology combination comb9a;n concierge 3ci]ge combing comb+ condiment 3di;t comedian com$ian condone 3d"o comédienne com^/edi5ne condoned 3don$ comedown comed[n cone c"o comedy com$y coned con$ com'ere com']e coneflower c"ofl[] comin' com9' coney c"oy coming com+ confederation 3f$]a;n comingle com+le conga 3ga comity com;y congé 3g^/e commaed comma$ congealed 3g1l$ commandeer comm&e] congenial 3g5ial commander-in- comm&]-9-*ief conger 3g] chief congress 3gress commence comm;e congressional 3gres.nal commenced comm;ed congruity 3gru;y comment com;t congruous 3gru\s commentary com;t>y conic 3ic commingle comm+le conidium conidium 'commodate 'commodate conies conies commoner common] conifer 3if] commonest commone/ coniferous 3if]\s comparable comp>able conj. 3j4 compartment com"p;t conk conk compensation comp5sa;n conked 3k$ complimentary compli;t>y conker 3k] component compon5t conman 3man compound comp.d conned conn$ comptroller comptroll] conning 3n+ comradery comrad]y cons 3s comte comte conscience 3sci;e con con consternation 3/]na;n conamed co"nd cont. 3t4 conation cona;n conte conte conative conative continent 3t95t conatus conatus contingent 3t+5t conceded 3c$$ continuity 3t9u;y conceivable 3ceivable contradistinction 3tradi/9c;n conceive 3cv contrick 3trick UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 25 conundrum 3undrum crop-eared crop-e>$ convenience 3v5i;e cross-questioned cross-"q$ conventionality 3v5;nal;y crosstrees crosstrees conversazione 3v]sazione crumbled crumbl$ cooperation coop]a;n crustacean cru/ac1n coordination coord9a;n crystal cry/al copyright copy"r culinary cul9>y coroner coron] cushioned cu%ion$ coronet coronet customer cu/om] corporeal corpor1l cyclone cycl"o corporeally corpor1lly czarina cz>9a cortisone cortis"o D costumer co/um] dabbing da2+ coterie cot]ie dabbled da2l$ cotoneaster cotonea/] dachshund da*shund could cd dafter daft] coulda cda dallying dally+ couldn't cdn't danced d.ed couldst cd/ dancer d.er countenance c.t5.e dandelion d&elion counterpart c.t]"p daredevil d>edevil countess c.tess daughter-in-law daud dearest de>e/ cowherd c[h]d deathlike d1?like cowhide c[hide decedent dec$5t coworker co"w] deceivable deceivable crabbed cra2$ deceive dcv create cr1te deceived dcvd created cr1t$ deceiver dcvr creation cr1;n deceiving dcvg creator cr1tor declaration decl>a;n creature cr1ture declare dcl credence cr$;e declared dcld credentials cr$5tials declarer dclr credenza cr$5za declaring dclg credo cr$o declination decl9a;n credulity cr$ul;y decongested dec;ge/$ crème de menthe cr^*eme de m5! dedication d$ica;n criminologist crim9ologi/ deduced d$uc$ cringed cr+$ deduct d$uct cringing cr++ deduction d$uc;n crone cr"o definition def9i;n crooner croon] deity de;y UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 26 delineate del91te diffusion di6u.n delineation del91;n dillydally dillydally dementia de;tia diminuendo dim9u5do demoness demo;s diminution dim9u;n demonetisation dem"otisa;n dinar d9> demonetise dem"otise dinghy d+hy denarius d5>ius dingy d+y denationalise d5a;nalise dinosaur d9osaur denatured d5atur$ diphtheria diph!ria denial d5ial dis‘armony dis,8>mony denim d5im disabled 4abl$ denizen d5iz5 disaster 4a/] denomination d5om9a;n disbelief 4belief denominator d5om9ator disc disc denote d5ote disciplinarian 4cipl9>ian denouement d5\e;t disco 4co denounce d5\nce discography 4cography denudation d5uda;n discomforting 4com=t+ denude d5ude disconcerting 4conc]t+ denumerable d5um]able disconnected 4connect$ denunciation d5uncia;n discontent 4cont5t deny d5y discontinued 4cont9u$ department de"p;t discount 4c.t deponent depon5t discus 4cus depredation depr$a;n discuss 4cuss derailleur d]ailleur discussion 4cus.n derailment d]ail;t disease 41se derange d]ange disengage 45gage deregulate d]egulate dishabille 4habille dereliction d]elic;n dishcloth di%clo? deride d]ide disheveled di%evel$ derision d]i.n dishonesty 4h"o/y derisive d]isive disingenuous 49g5u\s derivation d]iva;n disinterested 49t]e/$ derivative d]ivative disk disk derive d]ive dislike 4like derogate d]ogate dismally 4mally derogatory d]ogatory disobedient 4ob$i5t derouting d]\t+ dispensation 4p5sa;n derring-do d]r+-d disperse 4p]se derringer d]r+] dispirited di_s$ deshabille deshabille dissection 4sec;n desiccation desi3a;n dissertation 4s]ta;n destination de/9a;n dissyllabic 4syllabic destitution de/itu;n dist. 4t4 detrimental detri;tal distaff 4taff diaeresis dia]esis distaffs 4ta6s dieresis di]esis distain 4ta9 difference di6];e distance 4t.e UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 27 distanced 4t.ed dukedom duk$om distend 4t5d dumbbell dumbbell distil 4til dunderhead d"uh1d distillery 4till]y dunghill dunghill distingué 4t+u^/e dynaribbon dynari2on distinguish 4t+ui% d'you d'y\ distraught 4trauly ditherer di!r] earthen e>!n divination div9a;n earthwork e>?"w division divi.n east ea/ do [musical note] d . ebbed e2$ dobbin do29 ebb-tide ebb-tide documented docu;t$ eccentricity e35tric;y doddering dodd]+ echoed e*o$ dodo dodo economy economy doer do] ed. $4 doffed d(f$ edacious $aci\s dog-eared dog-e>$ eddy $dy doggerel do7]el edelweiss $elweiss doggone do7"o edema $ema doghouse dogh\se edict $ict domineer dom9e] edile $ile done d"o edited $it$ donee donee edition $i;n double-entendre d\ble-5t5dre editor $itor double-quick d\ble-qk education $uca;n doublet d\blet educed $uc$ doughtiness d"\i;s e'er e'] doughty d"\y eeriness e]i;s doughy d\y egg-cup egg-cup dribbled dri2l$ egghead e7h1d dromedary drom$>y egg-head egg-h1d drone dr"o eggnog e7nog droned dron$ eggs e7s drought dr"\ eggtimer e7"tr drudgery drudg]y eisteddfod ei/eddfod druggist dru7i/ either ei dugout dug\t elasticity ela/ic;y UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 28 electioneer elec;ne] equidistant equidi/ant elementary ele;t>y equinox equ9ox elongation el;ga;n er ] elsewhere else": era ]a emblem emblem eradication ]adica;n embraceable embrac1ble erase ]ase emergence em]g;e eraseable ]as1ble eminence em9;e eraser ]as] empyrean empyr1n erection ]ec;n en famille en famille ereIong ]e,i;g en masse en masse ergo ]go en route en r\te eroding ]od+ enabled 5abl$ erosion ]o.n enabling 5abl+ erotic ]otic enamel 5amel erroneous ]rone\s enceinte 5ce9te erudition ]udi;n encephalitis 5cephalitis eruption ]up;n encompassed 5compass$ establishment e/abli%;t encore 5core estate e/ate encounter 5c.t] esthetically es!tically encyclopaedia 5cyclopa$ia estrangement e/range;t encyclopædia 5cyclopa^6edia estuary e/u>y encyclopedia 5cyclop$ia ethereal e!r1l endearment 5de>;t ethereally e!r1lly enervation 5]va;n evening ev5+ enfin 5f9 eveready "e1dy engineer 5g9e] evermore "emore enhanced 5h.ed eversion ev].n enigma 5igma evert ev]t enigmatically 5igmatically everybody "eybody enmity 5m;y everyday "ey"d enormous 5orm\s every-day e-"d enough 5 everyone "ey"o enough's 5's everything "ey?+ enounce 5\nce everywhere "ey": ensemble 5semble ex parte ex "pe enthrone 5?r"o exaggerated exa7]at$ enthroned 5?ron$ excommunicated excommunicat$ entity 5t;y exeat exeat entranced 5tr.ed exoneration exon]a;n entrepreneur 5trepr5eur expedience exp$i;e enumeration 5um]a;n expedition exp$i;n enunciation 5uncia;n experience exp]i;e envisioned 5vi.n$ experienced exp]i;ed enwreathed 5wr1!d experimentation exp]i;ta;n epicurean epicur1n exponent expon5t epineural ep9eural extinguished ext+ui%$ equally equally extraordinary extraord9>y equidistance equidi/.e F UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 29 faery fa]y first-begotten f/-2gott5 faëry fa^3ery firsthand f/h& fainthearted fa9the>t$ firstly f/ly falconet falconet fishmonger fi%m;g] fandango f&ango flabbiness fla2i;s farthermost f>!rmo/ flaccidity fla3id;y farthingale f>?+ale flamingo flam+o fashioned fa%ion$ flea flea fastidious fa/idi\s flearidden fl1ridd5 fathead fath1d fleas fl1s father-in-law "f-9-law floreate flor1te fatherless "f.s floundered fl.d]$ fealty f1lty fodder fodd] fearfulness fe>;l;s foghorn foghorn fearsome fe>"s folderol fold]ol feathered f1!r$ foothill foothill federally f$]ally forasmuch =asm* fedora f$ora forbidding =bidd+ feint fe9t forceable =c1ble feminine fem99e forearm =e>m femininity fem99;y foredoomed =edoom$ fenced f;ed forefather =e"f fencer f;er foreknow =e"k fermentation f];ta;n forenamed =e"nd ferocity f]oc;y forenoon =enoon festivity fe/iv;y forensically =5sically festooned fe/oon$ forerunner =erunn] feverish f"ei% foreseeable =ese1ble fiance fiance forethought =e?"\ fiancé fianc^/e forevermore ="emore fiddler fiddl] forgery =g]y fiendishness fi5di%;s forthwith =?) filename file"n forum =um filofax filofax fought f"\ finality f9al;y foundation f.da;n finally f9ally fountain f.ta9 financed f9.ed freedom fre$om financially f9ancially freeness free;s fineness f9e;s frenetically fr5etically finery f9]y friday fri"d finesse fi;se friend fr finger f+] friendless fr.s finis f9is friendliness frli;s finite f9ite friends frs finnan haddie f9nan _hdie friendship fr%ip firearms fire>ms frightened f"r5$ firedrake firedrake fringed fr+$ fireworks fire"ws fro-ing fro-9g first f/ fruity fruity UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 30 fulfillment fulfill;t gobbler go2l] fully fully go-between g-2t fulsomeness ful"s;s goblet goblet fundamentally funda;tally go-by g-by funder f"u goddam goddam funeral fun]al goddamn goddamn funereal fun]1l goddaughter goddauage goodies gdies garbled g>bl$ goodness gd;s garçon g>^&con goods gds garderobe g>derobe goodwill gdwill gasometer gasomet] good-will gd-w gastroenteritis ga/ro5t]itis goody gdy gathered ga!r$ goody-goody gdy-gdy gatherer ga!r] gooseneck gooseneck gaucherie gau*]ie goshawk goshawk geanticline geanticl9e governess gov];s genealogy g51logy go'way go'way generally g5]ally grafter graft] genetics g5etics grandad gr&ad genially g5ially grandame gr&ame genius g5ius grandchild gr&*ild gesticulation ge/icula;n grandchildren gr&*n ghastliness misnamed mis"nd mournfully m\rn;lly missionary mis.n>y mouthed m\!d misstep mis/ep moveable mov1ble mistake mi/ake much m* mistakeable mi/ak1ble muddled muddl$ mistell mi/ell muffin mu69 mistempered mi/emp]$ multimedia multim$ia mister mi/] multinational mult9a;nal mistermed mi/]m$ mumbled mumbl$ mistimed mis"td must m/ mistiness mi/i;s mustache mu/a*e mistitled mi/itl$ mustang mu/ang mistletoe mi/letoe mustard m/>d mistook mi/ook mustering mu/]+ mistral mi/ral mustiness m/i;s mistranslation mi/ransla;n mustn't m/n't mistress mi/ress musts m/s mistrial mi/rial must've m/'ve mistrustful mi/ru/;l musty m/y misunderstanding mis"u/&+ mutineer mut9e] misworded mis^w$ myself myf m'lord m'"l mysterious my/]i\s UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 36

N nonparticipating non"picipat+ nameable "nable noontime noon"t named "nd northabout nor?ab namesake "nsake northeast nor?1/ naming nam+ northern nor!rn nascence nasc;e nosebleed noseble$ nastiness na/i;s nostalgic no/algic nation na;n nota bene nota 2ne nationality na;nal;y noticeable notic1ble naturally naturally notwithstanding not)/&+ nauseating naus1t+ nought n"\ nearby ne>by nouveau riche n\v1u ri*e nearest ne>e/ nowadays n[a"ds necessarily necess>ily noway noway necessary nec nowhere no": needling ne$l+ nowise nowise ne'er-do-well ne']-d-well nth n? neither nei nuclear nucle> nethermost ne!rmo/ nucleate nucl1te neurasthenia neuras!nia nursery nurs]y nevertheless n"e!.s nuthatch nuthat* never-to-be- n"e-to-be- O forgotten =gott5 oasthouse oa/h\se newcomer newcom] obedience ob$i;e newsletter newslr occasionally o3a.nally nibbled ni2l$ oceanic oc1nic nickname nick"n o'clock o'clock niggardliness ni7>dli;s O'Connor ,o',connor nighthawk niily pantheon pan!on organdy org&y parading p>ad+ originally orig9ally paraffin p>a69 ornamentation orna;ta;n pararhyme p>arhyme osteopath o/eopa? pardoned p>don$ other o!r parental p>5tal ought "\ parentheses p>5!ses ourself \rself parenthood p>5thood ourselves \rvs parishioner p>i%ion] ouster \/] parliamentary p>lia;t>y out-and-out \-&-\ parochial p>o*ial outbound \tb.d paroled p>ol$ outcome \tcome partake "pake outdistance \tdi/.e partaken "pak5 outdo \tdo partaker "pak] outhouse \th\se parterre "p]re out-of-the-way \-(-!-way partial "pial outpatient \tpati5t partiality "pial;y out-patient \-pati5t partially "pially outright \t"r participation "picipa;n outstanding \t/&+ participle "piciple overcome ov]come particularity "picul>;y overeat ov]1t partisan "pisan overfull ov]full partition "pi;n overlord ov]"l partook "pook overmuch ov]m* partridge "pridge ow! [6 part-time "p-"t ozone oz"o parvenu p>v5u P passe-partout passe-"p\t padding padd+ passer-by pass]-by padrone padrone passionless pas.n.s paean pa1n password pass^w paediatrician pa$iatrician pastel pa/el pageant pag1nt pastime pas"t paid pd patchwork pat*"w paid-in-full pd-9-full pathetically pa!tically painfulness pa9;l;s patience pati;e painstaking pa9stak+ patroness patro;s pally pally peaceable p1c1ble panaceas panac1s peacock p1cock pancreas pancr1s pean p1n pancreatic pancr1tic peanut p1nut pandemic p&emic pearl pe>l pandemonism p&emonism pebble pe2le UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 38 pedantic p$antic phoned phon$ peddler p$dl] phoneme phoneme pedestal p$e/al phonetic phonetic pedestrian p$e/rian phonetically phonetically pediatrician p$iatrician phoney ph"oy pediment p$i;t photoflash photofla% penal p5al phrenetic phr5etic pence p;e pianoforte piano=te peninsula p59sula picarooned pic>oon$ penitentiary p5it5ti>y picofarad picof>ad penologist p5ologi/ pigheaded pigh1d$ pension p5.n pigmentation pig;ta;n penthouse p5th\se pileated pil1t$ penurious p5uri\s pilothouse piloth\se peoples peoples pimento pi;to people's p's pineal p91l perceivable p]ceivable pineapple p9eapple perceive p]cv pinedrops p9edrops perceived p]cvd ping-pong p+-p;g perceiving p]cvg pinochle p9o*le perchance p]*.e piñon pi^]non perforation p]=a;n pioneering pione]+ perhaps p]h pistachio pi/a*io perhapses p]hes pitchblende pit*bl5de perinatal p]9atal pithead pith1d perineal p]91l pityard pity>d perineum p]9eum pitying p;y+ periodic p]iodic pizzeria pizz]ia peritoneal p]iton1l plainness pla9;s peritoneum p]itoneum plateau plat1u permeable p]m1ble platinum plat9um permeating p]m1t+ playtime play"t peroneal p]on1l playwright playw"r perseverance p]sev].e pledger pl$g] persevere p]sev]e plentifully pl5ti;lly persevered p]sev]$ plowshare pl[%>e pertinacity p]t9ac;y plundered pl"u$ pertinent p]t95t poenology po5ology pertoneum p]toneum poisoned poison$ peruse p]use poisoner poison] pesthouse pe/h\se poleax poleax petitioner peti;n] pongee p;gee petronel petronel popedom pop$om phagedena phag$5a popery pop]y pharyngeal ph>yng1l porringer porr+] phenol ph5ol porthole porthole phenomenon ph5om5on posterior po/]ior philanderer phil&]] posterity po/];y phone ph"o posthaste po/ha/e UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 39 posthumous po/hum\s priesthood prie/hood postpaid po/pd priggishness pri7i%;s postponed po/pon$ princedom pr9c$om postponement po/p"o;t principally pr9cipally potherb poth]b prisoner prison] pothole pothole prithee pri!e potsherd pot%]d pro and con pro & con pounding p.d+ probationer proba;n] practitioner practi;n] problematically problematically praedial pra$ial procedure proc$ure praenomen pra5om5 prof. pr(4 pranced pr.ed profanation pr(ana;n prancer pr.er profanely pr(anely prandial pr&ial profanity pr(an;y preaction preac;n profert pr(]t preadult preadult professionally pr(es.nally preamble preamble professor pr(essor prearranged pre>rang$ professorial pr(essorial precedence prec$;e proffered pr(f]$ precedent prec$5t proficiency pr(ici5cy preceiver prcvr profile pr(ile preconceived preconceiv$ profit pr(it preconception preconcep;n profiterole pr(it]ole predacious pr$aci\s profligate pr(ligate predated pr$at$ profoundness pr(.d;s predatory pr$atory profundity pr(und;y predeceased pr$ec1s$ profusion pr(u.n predecessor pr$ecessor prolongation prol;ga;n predestination pr$e/9a;n promenading prom5ad+ predestined pr$e/9$ prominent prom95t predetermined pr$et]m9$ proneness pr"o;s predicament pr$ica;t pronghorn pr;ghorn predicated pr$icat$ pronounceable pron\nc1ble prediction pr$ic;n proof pro( predigested pr$ige/$ propaganda propag&a predilection pr$ilec;n propinquity prop9qu;y predisposed pr$ispos$ proponent propon5t predominance pr$om9.e pros and cons pros & 3s predominate pr$om9ate prostration pro/ra;n prenatal pr5atal protestation prote/a;n prenuptial pr5uptial prounion prounion preoccupied preo3upi$ provenance prov5.e prepaid prepd prudery prud]y preparation prep>a;n pshaw p%aw prerelease pr]el1se psychedelic psy*$elic prerequisite pr]equisite psychoneurotic psy*oneurotic prerogative pr]ogative puddle puddle prestige pre/ige puerility pu]il;y priedieu priedieu puerperal pu]p]al UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 40 puffball pu6ball readopted readopt$ purblind purbl ready-to-wear r1dy-to-we> pythoness py?o;s reaffirmation rea6irma;n Q reagent reag5t quadrinomial quadr9omial real r1l quaffed qua6$ reality r1l;y quandary qu&>y realise r1lise quarrelsome qu>rel"s realliance realli.e queasiness qu1si;s really r1lly questionable "qable re-ally re-ally questionary "q>y realtor r1ltor questioned "q$ realty r1lty questionee "qee reappearance reappe>.e questionnaire "qnaire reapportionment reappor;n;t quibbled qui2l$ rearmament re>ma;t quick qk reassurance reassur.e quicken qk5 reawake reawake quickly qkly rebounding reb.d+ quickness qk;s receded rec$$ quicksand qks& receivable receivable quick-witted qk-witt$ receive rcv quiddity quidd;y received rcvd quinine qu99e receivership rcvr%ip R receiving rcvg rabbi ra2i recessional reces.nal rabbity ra2ity réchauffé r^/e*au6^/e rabble ra2le reckoned reckon$ rafter raft] recommence recomm;e ragout rag\t re-commission re-commis.n ragtime rag"t re-connect re-3nect raiment rai;t reconstructed recon/ruct$ rally rally recreant recr1nt rambler rambl] recreated recr1t$ rampart ram"p recreation recr1;n ranchero ran*]o reddened r$d5$ random r&om rededication r$$ica;n ransomed ransom$ redeemed r$eem$ rapprochement rappro*e;t redemption r$emp;n rareness r>e;s redingote r$+ote rascally rascally redirected r$irect$ rateable rat1ble redisposition r$isposi;n rationally ra;nally redistribution r$i/ribu;n rawhide rawhide redivided r$ivid$ reabsorb reabsorb redolence r$ol;e react react redoubled r$\bl$ reactionary reac;n>y redoubtable r$\btable reactor reactor redounded r$.d$ readjust readju/ redrafter r$raft] readmit readmit redress r$ress UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 41 reduce r$uce restoration re/ora;n reduction r$uc;n retina ret9a redundance r$und.e retinue ret9ue redundant r$undant retriever retriev] reduplicate r$uplicate retroflex retroflex reenforce re5=ce revenue rev5ue reformation re=ma;n reverberation rev]b]a;n regimentation regi;ta;n revere rev]e reincarnation re9c>na;n reverence r"e;e reindeer re9de] reverenced r"e;ed rejoice rjc reverend r"e5d rejoiced rjcd reverie r"eie rejoiceful rjc;l reverify rev]ify rejoicing rjcg revers rev]s rejuvenation rejuv5a;n reversed rev]s$ relationship rela;n%ip reverted rev]t$ reliever reliev] revery r"ey remedial rem$ial revolutionary revolu;n>y remedy rem$y rhinestone rh9e/"o reminiscence rem9isc;e rhinoceros rh9oc]os renal r5al ribband ri2& renamed re"nd ribboned ri2on$ renascent r5asc5t riboflavin riboflav9 renavigate r5avigate riddance ridd.e rencontre r5contre riffraff ri6raff rendezvous r5dezv\s riflery rifl]y renegade r5egade rigamarole rigam>ole renege r5ege rigger ri7] renewal r5ewal rightabout "rab renomination r5om9a;n righteousness "re\s;s renouncement r5\nce;t rightfully "r;lly renovate r5ovate right-handed "r-h&$ renowned r5[n$ rigmarole rigm>ole renumber r5umb] roaring ro>+ renumerate r5um]ate robbed ro2$ renunciation r5uncia;n robbery ro2]y repaid repd romancer rom.er reparation rep>a;n roofer ro(] repartee re"pee roseate ros1te repartition re"pi;n rotenone rot5"o requestioned re"q$ rouble r\ble requite requite roughened r\<5$ reread r]1d roundabout r.dab reredos r]$os roundelay r.delay rerouted r]\t$ roustabout r\/ab rerun r]un rout r\t resounding res.d+ roux r\x restaurant re/aurant rubbed ru2$ restiveness re/ive;s rudder rudd] UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 42 rudimentary rudi;t>y seaboard s1bo>d ruffian ru6ian seafaring s1f>+ ruminant rum9ant sea-green sea-gre5 runabout runab sea-island sea-isl& ruthlessness ru?.s;s seaman s1man S séance s^/e.e sabbatical sa2atical seaquarium s1qu>ium saccharine sac*>9e searched se>*$ saddlery saddl]y seas s1s safflower sa6l[] seashore s1%ore said sd seasoned s1son$ sainthood sa9thood seceded sec$$ salamander salam&] sedan s$an saleable sal1ble sedate s$ate salmonella salmonella sedation s$a;n saltworks salt"ws sedative s$ative sandal s&al sedentary s$5t>y sanguinary sangu9>y sediment s$i;t sarcoma s>coma sedition s$i;n sarong s>;g seduced s$uc$ sarsaparilla s>sap>illa seduction s$uc;n saturday satur"d sedulous s$ul\s savagery savag]y seethed see!d sawhorse sawhorse seined se9$ say-so say-s self-belief self-2lief scabbard sca2>d self-command self-comm& scabbiness sca2i;s self-confident self-3fid5t scaffolding sca6old+ self-control self-3trol scandalous sc&al\s self-distrust self-4tru/ scaredy cat sc>$y cat self-induced self-9duc$ scatheless sca!.s sellout sell\t scenario sc5>io semi-invalid semi-9valid scenery sc5]y seminiferous sem9if]\s schism s*ism senescence s5esc;e scholastic s*ola/ic senile s5ile schooner s*oon] senility s5il;y schottische s*ottis*e señor se^]nor science sci;e sentenced s5t;ed sclerosis scl]osis sentimentality s5ti;tal;y scoff sc(f separation sep>a;n scone sc"o serene s]5e scoundrel sc.drel serenity s]5;y scribbled scri2l$ sergeant s]g1nt scrofulous scr(ul\s seronegative s]onegative scrubbed scru2$ serviceable s]vic1ble scuff scuff sever s"e scuffed scu6$ several s"eal scythe scy! severance s"e.e sea sea severe sev]e UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 43 severity sev];y singing s++ sh! sh6 singular s+ul> shabbiness %a2i;s sinus s9us shad %ad sister-in-law si/]-9-law shaddock %addock Sistine ,si/9e shadoof %ado( sizeable siz1ble shadowed %ad[$ skedaddle sk$addle shadowy %ad[y skulduggery skuldu7]y shagginess %a7i;s slagheap slagh1p shakedown %aked[n slanderous sl&]\s shall % slavery slav]y shallop %allop sledding sl$d+ shallowness %all[;s slither sli!r shanghaied %anghai$ smithereens smi!re5s shears %e>s smoother smoo!r sheathed %1!d smother s"m shedding %$d+ snobbishness sno2i%;s sheepshead %eepsh1d snow-blind sn[-bl shenanigan %5anigan snuff snuff sheriff %]iff snuffbox snu6box sheriffs %]i6s snuggled snu7l$ sheriff's %]iff's so [musical note] s . shibboleth %i2ole? so’ve s've shilly-shally %illy-%ally so-and-so s-&-s shingled %+l$ sobeit sobeit shipwright %ipw"r so-called s-call$ shoddy %oddy sofa s(a shofar %(> soffit s(fit shorthand %orth& Sofia ,s(ia should %d softhearted s(the>t$ shoulder %\ld] solenoid sol5oid shouldn't %dn't sombrero sombr]o shouldst %d/ somebody "sbody shredded %r$d$ someone "s"o shroff %r(f somersault som]sault shrubbery %ru2]y somesuch "ss* shrugged %ru7$ sometimes "s"ts shuddering %udd]+ somewhere "s": shuffled %u6l$ songster s;g/] shut-in %ut-9 sooner soon] shut-ins %ut-9s soonest soone/ sidereal sid]1l soothed soo!d silenceable sil;eable sorghum sorerib sthenic s!nic sparrowhawk sp>r[hawk stiffness /i6;s spartan s"pan still life / life speakeasy sp1k1sy stillborn /illborn speared spe>$ still-life /-life sphere sp"h stillness /ill;s spinose sp9ose stills /ills spirited _s$ still's /'s spiritless _s.s stingaree /+>ee spirits _ss stingy /+y spiritually _sually stirabout /irab spirituel _suel stone /"o sponge sp;ge stoned /on$ spongy sp;gy stonework /"o"w spoof spo( stoney /"oy spooned spoon$ storeroom /oreroom spreadeagled spr1d1gl$ stratosphere /ratosp"h sprightly sp"rly strengthened /r5g!n$ springtime spr+"t stringent /r+5t spumone spumone stronghold /r;ghold squabbled squa2l$ 'struth '/ru? squally squally stumbled /umbl$ squandered squ&]$ styrofoam /yrofoam squirearchy squire>*y subbasement subbase;t st st subcommittee subcommittee st. st4 subconscious subconsci\s stabbed /a2$ sublet sublet stabled /abl$ subpoena subpo5a staff /aff subpoenaed subpo5a$ staffed /a6$ subterranean subt]ran1n staffroom /a6room succinct su39ct stance /.e such s* stanchioned /an*ion$ suchlike s*like standard /&>d suddenness sudd5;s stand-by /&-by suède su^*ede stand-in /&-9 sultaness sulta;s stand-ins /&-9s summoned summon$ standout /&\t sunbleach sunbl1* standstill /&/ill sunday sun"d starlike />like sunder s"u stateroom /ateroom superiority sup]ior;y stationary /a;n>y supination sup9a;n UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 45 supineness sup9e;s themselves !mvs surname sur"n then !n surrealist surr1li/ thence ?;e sustained su/a9$ thenceforth ?;e=? sustenance su/5.e theology !ology swastika swa/ika theoretical !oretical swastikaed swa/ika$ therapy !rapy swathed swa!d thereabouts "!abs sweetheart sweethe>t thereafter "!af swither s)] thereagainst "!ag/ swooned swoon$ thereby "!by sword s^w therefore "!=e synaeresis syna]esis therefrom "!from syntheses syn!ses thereinafter "!9af syringe syr+e theretofore "!to=e T thereupon "!^u tabaret tab>et thermoform !rmo=m tableau tabl1u thermometer !rmomet] tabled tabl$ thermotherapy !rmo!rapy tablet tablet these ^! tally tally theses !ses tallyho tallyho thievery ?iev]y tamandua tam&ua thimblerig ?imbl]ig tamarack tam>ack thing-in-itself ?+-9-xf tandem t&em this'll ?'ll tarantula t>antula this'n ?is'n t-bone ;t-b"o thistledown ?i/led[n tea tea this-worldliness ?-_wli;s teacher t1*] thither ?i!r teacup t1cup thoroughgoing ?or\ those ^? tearoom t1room thoughtfulness ?"\;l;s teas t1s threshold ?re%old teaspoonfuls t1spoon;ls throne ?r"o teatime t1"t throned ?ron$ tediousness t$i\s;s thronged ?r;g$ teethed tee!d throughout "?\t telephone teleph"o thundering ?"u+ telephoned telephon$ thunderstruck ?"u/ruck temperamental temp]a;tal thursday ?urs"d tempestuous tempe/u\s thyself ?yf tenacity t5ac;y tiddledywinks tiddl$yw9ks tethered te!r$ timed "td that'd t'd timer "tr that'll t'll times "ts that's t's timetable "ttable theatre !atre timing tim+ thee !e tinged t+$ theirs _!s tingled t+l$ UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 46 tiny t9y trinomial tr9omial 'tion 'tion tripartite tri"pite tiresome tire"s trombone tromb"o titaness tita;s troposphere troposp"h tithes ti!s troublesome tr\ble"s to and fro to & fro trousseau tr\ss1u tobacco toba3o truncheoned trun*eon$ today td trustee tru/ee to-do to-d trustworthiness tru/wor?i;s toed to$ tryout try\t toenail toenail tsarina ts>9a toffee t(fee tuberose tub]ose tofu t(u tuesday tues"d together tgr tumbled tumbl$ to-ing to-9g tumbler tumbl] tomentose to;tose tumbleweed tumblewe$ tomorrow tm turnabout turnab tone t"o turnout turn\t toned ton$ turtledove turtledove tonga t;ga tweedledee twe$ledee tongs t;gs tweedledum twe$ledum tongue-tied t;gue-ti$ twinged tw+$ tonight tn twofold twofold toothed too!d twosome two"s toothsome too?"s twould twd topfull top;ll 'twouldn't 'twdn't toreador tor1dor U torpedoed torp$o$ udder udd] totally totally ulterior ult]ior toucan t\can ultrared ultrar$ towards t[>ds unaccording unac towhead t[h1d unamenable unam5able towhee t[hee unamended unam5d$ townspeople t[nspeople unamerican unam]ican traceable trac1ble unbecoming unbecom+ tracery trac]y unbeknownst unbe"kn/ tracheae tra*1e unbereaved unb]1v$ tracheal tra*1l unbleached unbl1*$ tragedy trag$y unblemished unblemi%$ trance tr.e unblessed unb.s$ transceiver transceiv] unblest unble/ tranship tran%ip unblindfold unblfold transhumance transhum.e unconceived unconceiv$ transmental transm5tal uncongealable unc;g1lable trebled trebl$ uncongenial unc;g5ial treenail treenail undeceivable undeceivable trenail tr5ail undeceived undcvd trinary tr9>y undeclared undcld trinity tr9;y undergo "ugo UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 47 undergraduate "ugraduate us'n us'n underived und]iv$ usually usually underlessee "ulessee V underogatory und]ogatory vacationist vaca;ni/ underpaid "upd vaccination va39a;n underworld "u_w vainglorious va9glori\s undisheartened undishe>t5$ valediction val$ic;n undistinguished undi/+ui%$ valedictory val$ictory undisturbed undi/urb$ vandal v&al undo undo vaquero vaqu]o undone und"o venality v5al;y unearth une>? veneer v5e] unearthed une>!d venereal v5]1l uneasy un1sy vengeance v5ge.e uneatable un1table venous v5\s uneaten un1t5 venus v5us unessayed unessay$ veranda v]&a unfriendly unfrly verbena v]b5a unfulfilled un;lfill$ verityper v]ityp] uninuclear uninucle> vestibular ve/ibul> unknown un"kn vice-consular vice-3sul> unless un.s viceregal viceregal unlessoned un.son$ viceroy viceroy unlettered unlr$ villainess villa9ess unlike unlike vinery v9]y unmanageable unmanag1ble vingt-et-un v+t-et-un unmentioned unm5;n$ violone viol"o unmistakable unmi/akable visionary vi.n>y unnecessary unnec W unpaid unpd wabbled wa2l$ unperceivable unp]ceivable wadded wadd$ unperceived unp]cvd waffle wa6le unperceiving unp]cvg wafter waft] unquestionable un"qable wagged wa7$ unreceivable unreceivable waggonette wa7onette unreceived unrcvd wagoner wagon] unrejoiced unrjcd wagonette wagonette unrejoicing unrjcg wainwright wa9w"r unsaid unsd walkabout walkab untimely un"tly wanderer w&]] untoward unt[>d warbled w>bl$ unwilling unwill+ warthog w>thog upon ^u washout wa%\t upright up"r wasn't wasn't usable usable wear we> useable us1ble wearisome we>i"s usefulness use;l;s weathered w1!r$ ushered u%]$ webbing we2+ us'll u'll wedded w$d$ UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 48 wedding w$d+ woebegone woebeg"o Wednesday ,w$nes"d woful wo;l weever weev] wording ^w+ welcome welcome workaday "wa"d well-being well-2+ workpeople "wpeople well-known well-"kn worldliness _wli;s well-to-do well-to-d world-wide _w-wide werena w]5a would wd weren't w]5't woulda wda whaddaya :addaya would-be wd-be wharfinger :>f+] wouldn't wdn't whatsoever :atso"e wouldst wd/ wheedling :e$l+ wounded w.d$ wheelwright :eelw"r wreathed wr1!d whence :;e wright w"r whenever :5"e writhed wri!d whereabouts ":abs wrongheaded wr;gh1d$ whereas ":as wrought wr"\ whereby ":by X where'er :]e'] x-ray ;x-ray wherefore ":=e xylophone xyloph"o whereinto ":9to Y whereof ":( yeah y1h whereupon ":^u yearned ye>n$ wherever :]"e yesterday ye/]"d wherewithal ":)al yoghurt yo

UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013 49

UEB Curricula Support Writing Group 2013