'

I I

MARTHA GELLHORN

1935 - 1944 I QO Lt.Ut .:..011 WAUu Ii.l.OA lr; c~ ~. Dec~ao Xt ao~~ua va wu..u ;u. Bo~ w.a 11or~ tor h(ll', I I ho~e I wiLL D80 ~uu Y&l'y .w~u I>Uii iolfl ....U :/~U llwd u cl!WJCO to ~ea your brotuer.

»iss .ll.artha Gellhorn ~·:t:ltA 17.,4 li ;Y . Avenue ~o ..shi n gton /, . v 1, / FI!DERAL EMERGENCY RELIEF ADM INISTRATION WAl.JtU--JOHHSOH MJil..OIHO ,•' 1734 NEW YORK AII£NUE, NW, ' . ) WASHINGTOH

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111oe lo!o.rtba Gellhorn llater b"ry Connect lent

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IIAlCC} 16 SC GTG ~5 = \': AT ERBU R Y COIHl = !.IRS Fn AIIK L I rJ D ROOSEVE LT= TilE I!H ITE HOUSE I'I ASHDC =

·:: I SH YOU THE HAPPI EST OF Clm i STMfi SES AIJD fl GLAD· liE'.'! YEAn :' I TII ADr.ll n fiT I ON AllD DEVOT I ON = II·· . ' l.lARTHA GE LL HOR~I . I I/""' If ' ~ . < (, {I lJ. • I' • ·'. . . ' . I I ' I' ' ' .. . •• \ ,..\ I I Jl'ebr uary •, 1836

Deer )jer\he : I .,. eo eorry t o bear ot your tather'o aeuth. lt aust hove been u !>rout ollook to both you e nd your JroOI.h~>r uuu will you plouaa tell b&r or my vury raul IIYLl!lll t lJy • .1:11ck tella me thut you wanted e uote or 1ntroduot1oo to ~ ra . ~eed and 1 ue wouoeriog when J'OU U. 801ng book t o !lew York. Ot oouree 1 will be gluo to give 1 t t o ,you lt you • 111 l11t mo 1:no11 your pl.en e.

Wlt~ my doep uymputhy to both ot you, I A~ At teo t1 onetely,

Mise Marthe Gellhorn 4366 McPherson Avenue St. Louls, Missouri !) : DO ~ 388 MC,.HDleott AVtr. ~~ ~ · 8T. Lou1•. MO. ,.'J t,• -·~ /

~ dear Mrs . Roosevelt; I asked MOther if I might not write you, knowing that she want ed to I thank you for your helpfulness and thank Mr. Roosevelt for his splendid ,_ I letter on Trained Government Personnel, but that she co6uldri't herself

get around to writing imnediately, l~ father died sudc'.enly last Saturday,

It has b~en very hard1 and Mothp~•• ~! .~:~ly involved in personal obligations at this moment. The letter, she feels, was exactly what the 1\ League Campaign ColiiJlittee wanted and needed and it has been of the utmost value to their program to have it. She i s tremendously grateful to Mr. Roosevelt and she wanted to thank both of you at once. Of course the Washington League wdll have sent their thanks already, but she wished to add hers, Will you p lease thank him? I got a little note from you here, The incredible wrzy you remember things - - when you must have had a trainload of identical telegrams on New Year's Day - - is one of the wonders of the country, I am sttzying here now, though I don't know for how long. As long as Mother can use me in any way, We don't any of us know how to behave or be yet, but we will somehow, later. Thank you and Mr. Roosevelt again, for Mother. The League is

certainly on the right tr~k , as no people know better than you. Affectionately,

January 30, TELEGRAM

. 10:4!5 a .m. ::IViU. 1RA . 45- D. L ·~ New York, ~r il 2P., 1936

~~e. ~ivina T. Scheider. Bed tlying weather prevented plane rrom making Washineton connection yesterday so came direct ly to New York. l!nve now made publisher appointment here Thursday and planhed to postpone washington trip. Please explain to Ure. Roosevelt and thonlc her. Very disappointed. Hope I w 11 have another ~!!nee. Crote!ully, Martha Cellhorn .~ G11 • Gi Bl. I~Tb

111u llllr tha lellnon~ I 4366 llcPherson AYenue April 211 1936 I St. Louia I 111 SSOU1"1 •111 you luncn Whi te Rouse one ol clock Tnursday Apri l "

Uol v1na T. Sen eider­ Secr et ory to llrs. Roosevelt THC WHITE HOUSC WASHINGTON

.t.pril 20 1 lG36 ·1

I hne to go to New York tho night of April 23 but would like it oo D'I.U~b lt you c ould lunch wi th me tb.a~ noon at one o• clock.

Hick w Ul be 1J1 PUtoburgb orr end on between April 20 end the 2Gth and will be otaying at the P~tel Pittoburgbor. At'1'ect1onately, I bon h co t o ... fort U.. a l pt ot 4pr11 a bill WOW4 llko 1t .., -

B1olr • Ul bo 111 P1Uoburp off &Ad 01 botweon 4prll 10 &Ad tbe 29tb nlld •111 bo atayl .. at t bo fto\el P1thbu-gbor-.

I

lliaa llarthA Oellborn 4366 WePberaon Avenue ( St. Louts, Uiaeouri DD . /,

!lear l:rs. Roo~cv~lt.; I lru!l going to b e in We.ohingt.on from :.pr i l 22 to Ap·H ::e. If you are in 't.ovm t~nd have a rnlnut.c ( or even half a minute) it. would be grapd f or me . L:ay I t elephone tho \',hi te Eouae and s.sk 'llhct'h~ r you have time fon a caller? I hope l!lck ian ' t eallivanting around t he c ountry right no1v ; would ;rou use y our influence to keep her somewhere t hat 1 can :find her, and r lease ~ive her u~ love. Devotedly,

April .l4 !lay 1 1 ~9 36

Dear Uisa Oellhorne Kra, Roosevelt aaked me to a ale you 1t you would like to h&ve supper w1 th her on Sunday ro.ighlt the )4 at her apartllent 1n !lew ork, which i e 20 &kat llth Str eet, e apartllent ia 1n II¥ nue 1n or der to elude the aenera.l pu blic, eo you wU.l find my name in the bell, You can drop Kra. RooseTelt a note at that addreaa it you are tree, Vory sincerely yours,

Sccl' etary to U1·s. Roosevelt so

lliaa Kartha Oellhorn : 726 Park Avenue Hew York N.Y.

' .Uc.r:.r .. ;,~ · ~ . ~oo cevelt;

!;chf'1,..,r' ~ tcleO'Mi renouncf' trmel by plane in fu\lJre. I c ot ys !'rc. slr.1J:]¥ nPe lectec1 to stop at when I had arrive ~ in New York: t.hP. rl'UIP. an"e thf' ceiline was Fittthurgh to mai'e the •:.a£h1netcn cc- nnection bPc do. 1\y th.e ti.me the rlane fallin~ or ~oinr whp.teve r ceilinee reJ!Ularl!' I wae feeline too uncert.a In interr.ally finally rr.anaeed to descend at 1fewark1 I mis&ed seeing you which is my very great to go on to 'l.'ashineton 1 and so rotFiblp Job so I am runnine loss. And n~1 someone has tol~ me of a and am afraid to leave abput likf' a frightened rabbit ~J1nc to cet it, or n~t . 1~ ew York until I know whether I have any chance of Paris Soir1 is A great rriend of mine , t.'te Americo.n corres;>onden~ pr<:ss conforence. lla coming to '••ashineton for ;,tr . Hoosevel ~· s foreign of t.l~e flneut &·L~cles This :nm, Raoul de Boussy, is rcG;>ons ible f or sone ::O ir ic a paper on the ;.;ew Deal whi.:h have arpeure.J in 1":-anco . ft~ris i n La i·""· l"' otations of -:ih ich seecs interested in !laving t!louzhtful accur~te and Raoul as Ibve seen America/has done as wise writing about the goverrM~nl t him bec ause 1l would be grand if ~here , I'm writing ~Irs . ScheiceJ• abou you . I don't !Je could come t o your pre~s conferenc~s "r somehow s e ~ ~ : bu l it s eer.JS t o t:e mean to be o.1>1ays as kine f'lvoNI and t.cin<: a nuisance a :r.uclo ,·l.oru• ar undeJ'tStal'\:1ing that Myono who meets you or i.lr, "OOSevel t ,:els l£ .so :::..~ch of -:1hat i s liOlng on in .r\r.'.cric:t a.nd \J!o,}' , ant'! I ;.hi::~' t:-.e~e

\ ~ in tho co... ntry. Tr.e.·, .1 ill to hav" t..'lo cov£ l'lll·o1 nt be the leadir~ prwuce•· •ll•OilL .:or..; .;Ut.ion iro nrt. , next, no ,Joubt lie vas~ c o:nplo.ints 'IIJout !' e~;ou do J.cpe 1 !:av.,n 't rnis~ ed r r et.Ly s l orrY in the wa.y I manage ::Jy p l ans. I

~· c ~ o.nc e re rrranent.ly. Devoteuly,

7G6 ru:d\. .\v~nue i.pril 26 Hew ¥or:c City

• IIO'I'Jo:J, WAS IIIXH'l'ON

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Dear ~e . Scheider; I am growing to be such a burden to you, that probably one more letter cely will be one too DIBnY • I have a problem on my mind: though it is scar is correspondent of ~ problem and comes to me remotely. A friend of mine is Paris Soir in America. His newspapers owner, ~nsieur Prouvost1 in America for twelve days. This paper is the biggest paper in France ~ - ~....V.. . I th1nk • does a very am has allll'ays been extremely pro..New Deal 11 valuable service in France•American relations; it gets accurate, public sympathetic~uations of the American scene to a tremendous who usually" get whatever inform-*ton is convenient at the time, L!r, is Prouvost of course wishes to see Llr. Roosevelt. The French Embassy the evident way to do it; rut the Ambassador i s absent and between ourselves I don't think th.e underlingo aro very energetic, The . PariG-Soir correspondent, Raoul de Rousey de Sales, told mo about this He is terribly distressed because he feels very responsible for his boss am he feels v ary keenly the adventage it would be to have Mr. ut Prouvoet aet lx. Roosevelt am so strengthen his own convictions abo , I know the New Deal. (~ interest is that having lived years in Paris how re.re i t is to get accurate or friendly news on America; and I think ) the paper which does that cught to go on and be a little encouraeed. Is there anything to do? Or does it come under t he heading of foreign callers and is there great fo~lity attached to the visits of foreign publishers. I am ignorant and no doubt a nuisance , but I thought \ t coulan' t do any harm at least to tell you about this because I if you feel it's as important as I think, you of couree could see that 1 it works out all right, Will yoo forgive me for bothering you again; af"ter so many letters. I dop hope Mrs. koosevel t will have an ins tent in New Yorl:; I feel horribly about having missed her the last time. I f she doesn't will you please tell her for me how immensely devot ed and admiring I am, and how disappointed that I have had no chance in the last months to see her. Gratefully,

Wednesday .--,,.)/lb , j; .. • a:r 0 , l i:.SO uu

I aa ao •on:r \b&\ I 111..-cl •••IDa \ o do ,ou Uoll aleo \ 11&\ I wUl llO\ be able ao •:n ••lr• a-...r, I u &\41'& 1t wUl ba poaa lll• • - '1M leur oa. WUl J'OU la\ .. lrao• ebnber or ao\ :ro• &N worii1Act

IUaa Martha Gellhorn 726 P~ Aveaue DD N .Y .C......

.. _ Rec.ivecl at 1 rDscc 6C 51 NL 6 E X~RA ., I. I \ '''' ·. ( I '. I ( I' . \ ( .' . . NEWYORK NY MAY ) 19)6 I l • , _. \ i" ' ( •' \l,J·' \ \ .. \ MRS FRANKLIN V ROOSEVELT ') t.·"' ,· CA"-E t.IR$ MALVINA T SCHEIDER 20 EA ST 11 ST NYK 1':\ '-·' \ ·•· · 1. ·' \:r. JUST RECEIVED MRS SCHEIDERS LETTER TH IS MINUTE MIDNIGHT UPON RETURNI NG \ I ' '• FRO ~\ WEEKEND IN THE COUNTRY Alol TOO DISTRESSED AT THIS SECOND MISSED ~-

OPPORTUNITY 'IIILL YOU 8£ IN TOWN LONGER OR IS THEilE ANY OTHER Tl~'.: COULD SEE YOU SO GRATE FUL AND SO DISAPPOI NTED DEVOTEDLY \, · . \. MARTHA GELLHORN RH I NELA riD€R 4 8182 • · •

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¥1'£:S'I"DD.H \JSIOI'f Cl.n' ORO&IlS AK£ Al'PJ\0PJUAT& G1f'TS f'OR AU. OGCAII10NI 1'taaDk r oD eo •~ da t u: th.t 'buok. I """' \b>A eojoyed reediiJ#: It nod thlol< ;tou wo,. awe\ \ o eGDd lt t o ,~.. I eball look fOI"'rard t o tbt Dtl t ODt •

AttHt.tonat.ely,

I

111 .. IIIU'tbe Oelll>ora c/o Put,... 6. Co ., Ltd. 42 c ..., Ruaeell 8,,.., London, Kll&lan4 l ,

lloveobor 7, 1?36

Th-•1£ you er ~ r und ever :1<> r~uab for you!' l ottor. It is u lll'tt:• t help uud you :J:l lfG gi VIlli IJII :101119 of the best sull.:o.. tioua I lillY& ht.d,

!i<>, I t)O l\Ot thlok OU C!l i>f :.ysel! :.~ c. ttriter, b •t I allf:>)'S :.o.,a to be bettor .uu! aw morr• t:>'t.!l ~"d to ~k e every et t'ort,

It " "~ .sr :.nd t o UOO )'Oil. nv :.ot .;et di sc ou r~~o ced , becat•na y<>u 11• • t the "bl ltty to wrl.te u» t'•.- t one st~o:~ wl. . t you .. ro writ.lnu about, ul.t:iont bet t er t tum uuyon a I k11ow. Affeot1oo .. tely,

s 0 ~ . c.· 8x . 13tl) I \ - I \ . \ ) J I

Dear IIAn~ 'ltult 1t&S t'utmt .obJUt &ho ly, • ch1tlt~, but '"'' b:od ~\1St Ml:lU~ ao"'al f uot to '*" lt oo tor ~ J'ACb~r r•:..r lfabl• t' ';oUaD "> do the trla. w1d IIIU&e lt •• ...u.ue •• 1-oeal~e. 1 cSo n t thlnk llalt• ltltte ~U. c:.r c aa looc •• :r0u do uot :fr;"4 lt -" t:bllt 1011 hlld hOt aow - ooe. !b• l~re trlp ae.a "> heft eooe prettt well• •u a aatter of f oot, 1 do not t.l\.lM Blek is at e:ll l'»atl Uo o baut tbe book• !l)et pouaea a pea\ delll, but I th1oll _.,, rMUy 11 au:h l nterosted, au4 t u• aun abc •ill ~ a aood ~ob. Georae Bye tol4 hor :lha h 1.. d~e ocut-thll'ti olreaclJ.

Of CO\ol'•eo t 110 IIOt do 1·1' )'~ J dol1l t •nnt to do• _ &44 t Jo "ant to h elp tc)l.b CxSPk eett aU tDe oli'Citll tloo ! t ponllllt can. Uoocl luck to )'QU <>U )'\•ur r.ozt ooe. \_ so

Miss Uartba Gellhorn ~66 McPherson Avenue St. Louis · 4111 MCII'HDIION AVL eT, Loul .. No. ,

Dear Mrs. Roosevelt!

Thank you eo much for your note. You are grand to be willing to introduce me to Ure. Reid, I wrote Hick, very shyly, asking if I dared suggest such a thing to you, when I was in NY before my father died, I It seema ae if that were another life altogether. I have no idea what my plane will bel each day just gets lived through and we don't worry IJIUCh about tomorrow. But this is a kind of collllla which must pass . I'll have to be earning my t1xtK living very soon again, and I suppose I 'll have to do it in N'l as Saint Louis is a town which has not yet realised that women can do more than sell dress es 1n smart shops . I~ goine t o the hospital in a few days to have an ear tinkered with I but as soon as I m neatly remade and hearing things 'clearly -- whether they're worth it or not -- I shall be busy about Jobs. !.:ay I write you then, and ask you - - if it' s not too great an imposition -- to give me a l etter to the omnipotent Mrs . Reid. I6d be vastly grateful. Though ?m pretty ashamed of myself to suggest such a thing. I got fairly

anxious about even having a chance to get 1n to people' s offices in N'l. And one can't very well nnke a fine pompous speech about how competent one is, if no one will be on hand to listen. L'\Y book on the unemployed 18 being brought out in England right off {three months I guess) , with an introduction by Wells. It ought to got t aken here sometime. Oddly, people don't enjoy nearly as much hearing about their own woes and therefore their own responsibilities as they ._ enjoy hearing about s trangers' messes. Very normal. I'm oonetantly grateful to the u.s. Government, collectively and individually, for having had the opportunity to get the material for this book. I r no one else iearns anything, I certainly consider that my post-graduate course ' I is now completed, and I can start all over with the l'~ndergarten work. Thank you for many things. We e.clmire you constantly in this house, and we are continually touched by your kindness, Sincerely,

February 7. !.Irs. Scheider I got this out too late to go over to you - so I signed i t and got 1 t out &.; .C.; ,. 8t.l.3~0

De&r »ra. Roosevelt; ~

Bae Hick tol d you my lateet bit ot muddle- headedness. It's' very tunny1 and~ was

going to e.ppeal to you to e~rioato me, but that eo8nle too muoh of o. good thing m d I am going to be .a big bra~• girl ahd tidy it all up by oyaelt, It ooncorno that lynching article Which you oaid you l iked (your laot letter, and .thank ~u t or it. ) ' Tho Living Ago pirated that -- aimply annexed ~t ~lthcut ao muoh as A by-your-leave; and then ' sold i t to Walter White Who aent i t to you and presuoabl y a l ot or other

people. Be likewise ~oto me a l ong letter and ~sked me to appear beforo a Senate

Co~ttoo on the anti-lynohin5 bill, as a witness. Well. Thu point 1•, that art i cle

waa a story. I e.o gett i n g a l ittle mixod-up around now and apparently I am a very

realietio ~tor (o~ lie.r), boC4uso eVGryono aasuood I'd been an eye-wit ness to a

lynching whereas I juat made it up. 1 sent t hat atory t o my agent in London who ~ont it 'to Vlllnon Harris or tho Spoota.tor who puOlishod it. At which point Gollhorn , with

t&O reward. ceased to remamber the talc and went on to the no x~ thing. It then

appeared in Ger-many; was ctolen by a' thing called tho ~Agazlno Digoat and published

-- very much shortonod and oonf"utlod -- sooewhera in t he U.S.; and like'lrlse wo.a swiped

and reprinted by tho Living Ago. Around now, I feel that I have attended twonty lynchings and I wish I'd never seen fit to while away a morning doing n piooe or accurate guessing. Tho noarost 1 ever OAQ& to a lynchin& was being picked up late at

night, somewhere in North C4rol~ , by a drunk truck driver, on hio way home from a "neolctio-party." He made mo pretty sick and la.t or I mot a negro whoso son he.d been lynched and I got a little siokor. Out o£ that, yonra l ater, appeared this pioca,

I have a tooling that I am on oaoothi ~ or a spot but I can't sao why exactly.

Anyhow I ohall ~ito Walter White ond toll him I'm only A haok writer, but not a

suit~ lo witnoas . Though God save and protect his cause, on account ot it's a good one. Bow wa• the L,ct ure trlp •M how are yout Aro you· ro ated e. l1 ttlet l don 1 t aoo how you oould be, but you must have magnU'ioant powere of reoupora.tion ae well ae endurt.nce. I wnt to Mar abou.t ita po.rhapa Hick will write me.

~how 11 the book getting on. Poor Hiok i e quito frantic over the book ehe'e t o write• not realising that her material 1e so perfect and so oomplote that it' abe cap make herself sit still with it, it Will get hold of her and run her and write

itself, as a tremendous travel story -· the best kind there is. I tried to tell her so. Though I also told hor .that if abo really didn't want to write it (and wasn't I just being unduly humble about writing, lin itself), aha oughtn't to ilo it, People only do 1thinge we11 which they do with love; or don't you agree I . 1 . Love or hate or something pretty intoneo. Not just doing. I got a little oft' my ohoet about d81D0oraoy, at the Book Fair. Together with

every other writer in tho Greater N0w York area, I spoke at that shebang. I was soared and it was a funny night; jammed, with a thousand folk waiting, a bad room, a curious eager audience, and a pulpit affair that wobbled under one's banda •••• Margaret Ayer Barnes made me mad by being complacent• sloppy babble about aaki.ng her husband wha.t a bank t'ailur'e was like so she could write one ••• awful , when women go fem1n1ne publicly, especially about a good trade like writing, a trade that' s as sound and practical aa plumbing. A wench named Sophie Kerr got to her feet and ro~d authentic letters from her readers; read them as jokes. Eaoh one made me feel more miserable. They were tho naive embarrassing letters of very little people, who want something far out of reaoh, It wasn't funny at all, I felt. A young actor mumbled about blank -e rae. Am I sat and trembled all ovor with fear and nerves and wishing I wore somewhere oleo. But the chance was seized to talk about dictatorships and democracies; and how we wore responsible for demooraoy, 11 wo wanted it we had to keep making it, and in this job write~a had a part and readers an even bigger pe,rt, as they are the mass and therefore they are action•• •• It seemed to make some sense to some pooplo(though i t oortainly didn't to me at the .time; I only hoard my voioo from a distanoe "'rt•h •wa above the chattering of mY teeth, ) lieantimo, I have not oven started tho article· you gave me; New York was too heotio. I oo~ldn't think straight at all, and didn't want to blubber in print, Saint LOuie 1a vary quiet and something in the wa.y of deoent work 1QAY oome out of this. a terrible (and wry cr.at, ..,.ry wondort\11) t~ tor ono oran to tool ao -..y lllilliona of poople waitlnc tor h101 to ahow thelD a -r to oafoty and eanity. I can I that they prayed for him. understand all tho little people I 0vo known who hove told zo Ch&rlea has tol d mo that a~ln ho has aakod ravora ot you and a~a1n you've granted them. I wouldn' t know how to thank you at all. ll'ou muat juat ra&lieo by now that thoro are no adjootivea lott. 1 only hopo you'll novor do anything you don't want to do, out of tho groat kindness you havo for ovoryone an4 me included.

lt always makoe a. DOTTOUI 1 thia business ot &lking you to do thlngeJ because you're

too cood. And you do know, don't you, that thour;h l'a moro ~ratotul than I oan over tell you tor all you' vo dono on r:ry book, that dooan' t r ...lly oount. V.hat cour.te la that you' ro tho kind or person you a.ro., ud that 1 lovo you tor it.

llow- ~ always.

.W:onde.y, November 2~ 4366 ~oPho reon Avenue St. Louie, .atO. 0

J une :3 , 19:36 Kiss Martha Gellhorn Ho tel Bedford 1 118 l!.. t 40th Street !lew York li.Y. Krs. Roos Avelt will see you June 4 nt five p.m. ut 20 East 11th ~ t reet MalVina T. Scheider Sccretnry to Krs. Roosevelt :1t. J, 'v. ... I / . . I f ; \ '· ./

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June 26, 1936

Dear 114rthar Row very .-e6t ot you to wri te mel I was nry 111uch (llellsed by your letter vnd yo11r intero"~t i n cont1nu1nt.: to no !IODilltl\ L'lg uloug the 11nes wh ich we diseua:Jed. ~ en you t;et back we can t . lk o,gu i n over what can be done.

I WI vet-y touch UJore i nter ,.sted in poo~:~ ible t ;..r '"""'Y \l evel oohleut~ J>:ta steady i ner &!I:S8 or WOllen ' s influence 'ft;1ch, I feel, tends to 11111eliorute ba d social coud1t1oue, thWl I aa in any i uediate pol1tic11l devcl­ opaonte. I loved your descripti on ot the l anding at Clterbour&. I thin~~; you will probllbly hhVO so111e interesting e:ocperieuces .Juring your t rip uhich sl11lUl d "'"ke y ur book well wor th while. Hick it now 1n 111chi11on and, ...: cor d Lns t o t he mo at recsot udYice, intends t o r o~bin i n tlle middle west until. SeptefJlber, bn t,o! c'>urse, her pl ans OJHY change. Every good wiah t o you. Affection•. tely, so

lliss linrthn Gellhorn Care Pu tnnm and Co . 42 Great Ru ssell Street London (

. I neoember 28 , 1936

Denr ~ar ty: Thanks vary much ror your Christsns rreottna. As you probablj saw by tho papers, I S!)OI\t my Christa:a :s with Frank11n, Jr. :!hRt nro you doing in Florida? ''1th every sood "lsh tor t he !lew YR&r, A!'fectiouately,

so

U1ss uartha Gellhorn Key West i''lorida HOLIDAY GREETING Western Union ,.,

fLD Q9T OX }SC CTC KEYWEST FLO MRS FRANKLIN D ROOSEVELT J THE WHITE HOUSE WA SHI NGTON DC MERRY XM AS LOVE LIAR TV

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Dear lira. Rooaenltj !·t > I I The cc~re &tion baa been 1Dterrupteds I W&itod to an~r your lovoly let ter until I ' I had a"""'thi~ to n;t" but I atill ha""n't OJlythin;: to o&y. E:ccept t~t you ~N::'& a lamb 1 I to send me a Jmas tolog~ and a n~te and I hopo th• s on• F.-..nlclin 1e -..eli, or at I I . lout no"; :nieorab te ~ ~y 1101ro I I . . . I I . · I8m in Key Wests to d&toit' s the but thing lB;& J."olmd 1D .!marie&. It' a hot and f alling to p1eo~ 8; and people 'seem happy;·· Nothi;,g ..loh gooa on, b.nguidly ~ apong8 . .!.,. ' . '. . .. " . ' . :. :- ...... or. a. turtle gets·· fished~ people ·tive on relle.t cos113, stee.l ooooa::1ute ott the l!!=iclpal· atr'eeto/ ~le out .;.i~t'Ck & foul loo..i -tillll called tho' g;.mt, soos!p, ! . 1 maunder-;; ·sunbuni··and' ftit· for t h8. luy·· euy year.. to pM•• lo!o, I thil:>k"all the.t is ' ' I , • • . very fine Wood' and'·u · o.ll tho ;.Orld ..,..ro• sunny I c!Aro>ay there'd be :!Uloh loss •.. I'· • • ' ' tr~uble-as Tr$11 as ~oh loso ot" that deplorable t h~ called officially progre ...... I came do'll'!1 with !.!ether and Ali't-od to escape a Saint Louis :<.'liAS and thoy w>nt ' ' back and I stayed ~~ . praying to my onn Gods (they both look l ik~ typewriters) : or

:J.li:O wisdom not to '1a.y 3ense. I }'1-.ave tht"'7n1 evor-.{thin,:: I b'"ttt ~itto n cut aga.J.n. It is

g&ttin& ~ blue as aaioies b~ there aeeDs nothin~ olae t~ dO . ~~ Ei ther this book mu3t ba j ust right ·lind aa o.live o.s f i '7e mnute!l ngo, or it' won't be a boo!c and I 'll I :lit and nurse a lo~ year as be !J't I can; Anyhow, o. weak of 3toa dy :1ulli:1g h.."\3

p~oducod & no~ and pretty good detailed plBn for the book. Tho story i tself i •

l'>voly and torriblo and I know it' 0 right; but I laek th<> tooiulical ability to ni&Jce

i t co:oo right. ~ So I ju3t fiddle along, r.-1ti~ and hopiJ>& a:td to e.ri~ thi:lg• •lp and

~i.e~ myself o.. nulSa.uee to 'm.J peers s.nd bo~Jtte:e . Lito will be n fir.e thing ~en all

t:ti3 is finiahed.

I ooo Hcmingoey, ...Uo knows f,lnoro abcu'o 'ltrlti ng dial o;:;ue (I t h14( thAn !Ul:fO:>o

7·7l':i a;; 1n English ~>,t t his time. !!o 1 s an odd bird, vory l ovabh M:i full of tiro e..nd

A rna ~elous ctorJ teller, (In a ~tsr this is imagiDAtio~ . in ~yone ols& i t 's l yin;. I Tha.t' D where g~ nlus ·oomea i n . ) So I sit e.':)out and have just rsad t he ro..t or his ne"1f' book

nnd bd::tn 'rt!!ry' s:::.a.rt about it; it' 3 • • e e.ay t.:t k:no:i'i' abot.rt other boolia bo..1.t suoh r.d:ltu-y to

A=nil -.v about one' 3 own. So ll6lUil:lg"J&:,r tolla :ae tine atori es ~\bou.t tiu Cu!>an revol ution and th:> hurt'io&Jl& tu1d then I oone home and sombrely J.r&arily t :-1 ··to t:'.sJce a solid pl.an tor a book -..hiob seems to be a thlnk-boo:C in whloh everyone aLto dollll all tho t~u and I to.llca a.nd broodo and nat:hlll& happens. It 1o enough to drLn tbe

Going home at tho ~nd ot tho ,...:.:, prepared to ait there and first tree.. and thenx.iou: broil untU this thill& get~ dono. Bow 1o your book; tr01:1 ·.. ha t I read ot your aotivitieo 1D the TU..a (.miob a.rrivas hero so late that the no"s aoe~~~a paaoetul and I t t"rgotton) , I do not see how you havo ti» tor it. But I D ouro you .do. On , . .. . - . ~ . a ccount ot you can do !""ro than the . root ot ua with tw.tnty; tour hour a. _ · -- - ...... c; ...... _...... -- It the -d.u.n lll.tla.r really sands _t-oo di vieiona to S~n "¥ bot 1a that tho ,...... - .·.. ~ .; .- - ·- "' ·' ' ""' -"' . . . , io neo.ror than evan tho pooal..ml.ata thought. It ia horrible to thl.nk or Gerr.any .. • • .. • ' r t . .. ~ •• _. • •• • • just thia aida or !'ood.-riota and that maniao. -- no longer app&rently e ...n cari"'6 about • • : t -~ .. . • . • \ hiotory or taota, stopped by nothint:, and protected by terror - being able to. t , lead a portootly g~od nation into something whiob will finiah then . . "- . up nicely,

It thoro 1s a war, th.i. all the things 100st of u1 do won't =tter any t>Ore . I havo & \ ' fooling that one h&a tr> ·""ric. o.ll do.y az>d all night and l i ve too, and swi.'l1 aud got the sun in one• e hAir and laugh and love as =y poopl~ u o.:e ?"''' l1.nd around o.nd do all

tb.h terribly taat, bece.uoo the time is g~tting ehortor and shorter every day.

I lo..,.. you v e ry II:Uoh indeed, A.:ld I ""' e.lm.ys glad -to. kn

Ja=a.ry 5 t: \'\~1] Xey West, Florida ,_.,., 11, llllf I (

Ia. Rft MM ...... \llllali: ,... I dO ..._,, to .. rat~at u•d tllo ••II oltloout ud lll"lto ll'llllaUSIII .U tllo 11aa. .. •• ,.....U T• lllto a ••to of Jl"-· lo 'otter t o orlto U aU It •-· ud thee .. looolt. llr. Mn1nl"r lo ~·· floe~ I tblnll J'Oil lo.. tllo,...t ~too- roorlt&lll• tllo oot •• • 1Uolou 1\ olll otorr 1t J'OU feel U, U 1111J aoed pollobl... oltllo....

M1oll h • a .._lor Jail aoo ODd l b lak pte .....t7 Urod. I Al•, abo llu bod a ••' •••eUr. 8ba p....t- llooll ao 10 oo ol\b bar ••laaiol - ...... , ...... Loatw erSt..,., I .._,._, , 1•••· .....- 1o • loa\ ora tor \llo ollb liar. .\

lllr booll 1o lalRI oloRI "'" - ••rr ·~ u lito 1o •Uro~ •-• •aloe - UlaiOoldcll I ao -lol Ua ,.. .. eMil\ oo ..11 •• """ 1111o Bt. Ltllalo. or ...... ,. .. ..,. ''- ,.,. ho1 ua n. · - ~~- •t ..,

llioo Yortba Gellho1'11 436 6 llcl'lleraCil b.,_uo St. Louie, Mo . S: DD Dekr Kra. Roosevel t; Nothing ao ple&oant ao stopping ott 1n Wnshington to ooo you, io ocbodulod to happen right nbw. I have ju,t rbturn.ed from Key float. S~nt Louis la torn b&tween o. nice flat rain, sleet st~a, coal b l ~ok ~ow and its ulu&l carbon monoxide ~taoaphere.

It is therotoro even prettier and more livabl e thAD uaual. I ~~~e homo boG~uoo th~t was whAt 1 iuoonded to do with ~Y winter originally, and hare I shall continuo t o oit. t7util sprln~. Alit then, en route fllr so:neple.oe else. ma.y I oooo and use ths lovoly invitation you aent me .

1'bo bool: ia ao horribly bad tha.t I have adopted a new :system i n dtlSft&.ir. I JlOW' wrlto ton pages a day, whether I have a~hing to so.y, any ide&a or enthusi~~, or not.

I shall bo r;ni•hod in about a ~nth and a hal£ nt thio rato. Which """""'' t hat I will r.avo turned Out e. pertoetly lttolesa story tn which alt tho dott~tla aro a.ocurn.ta and who oa,-os. JJ.y idea is then to do eomething elao hArd ror a bit, leaving tho book v.'hlch haa becom6 an obsession and the~eforo no good tor me or anyone el ao. Then I' l l roturn to

1t, or rather throw thAt version away and t r y a~ain. I have to procood at any cvtt.

Rowrl.tln0 tho ~• ohaptor day .iter day tiMlly IO&.kos you e. littlo or&•Y•

I' ve had a won:ierL'ul ti1:10 with Hemingway at Key West. He docu k:dOYI t he crfi.rt beau tiful~

.nd has a swel l teeling for wordo and is very vory careful about th~m, working elowl y and never uelng anything he doesn' t think i:s o.ccurate. Re t olls me ·.~i1a.t ia wrvng wl th me now lG th~t 18ve worried too muoh a.nd gotten tho whole thing db.rk in my mind, and ,aye the thing to do is sim!)ly 'Yl"ite it o.nd be brave on<.ough t o ..:a.ncel it out if it'• no good . We agreed that an~no writing ought to ha~o t~o to fail and waoto effort and not howl &bout it; but we al.so agreed that -.a the E·uropoan war CllXlO nearer .and noaror there so~ed t erribly llttla tiroo to do anything. 1 maunCor on ter ribly dontt t . It seems ell ly to be ao frantic over one little idoa. one l ittle book, one litt l e lite, when things o.re blowing up so badly everywhere. Aa a. matter of re.c~ , I auttor horribly trOJn l1v1.ng hero O'lt or evoryth!ng. I want to bo in Spa.ln dooporatoly, bOOAUBO that'• tho llakKa Balkan• or 1912. And it you•ro p~rt or~ big thing ynu feel oaro1 it'o only wniting and looking on froM tho outoido that makos one nervous and loot, Spain or Flint lliohigan. For tho first tl.l:lo 1n a lollll wh1lo I hate ,.

tho -y 1 live. But one hao to at1olc by thins• untll the end.

Thank you tor your wire. You aro pretty sro.n

be working well.

January 13 St. Louis, tJO.

• fl.. . C- j &. . H:>.'"/ I'(\ 1 r 1 j, I ;J;J ~ i \ i 1 February 12, 1937 I \) .. \ J Dear l!a.rtya I \ · .. · I ""s glud to get your letter "ud to know ti ~:J t the bol)k was done. Revision /" \\ \ •1Ul be easy utter you have t :

1 De4r »ra. Roosevelt, I fool li!·o:u a. ~r•at d1sLo.nco via tho do.i. ly pro1a, o.nd havo not written booaueo .... 11 ~• other upir its -- I 1\Clovu no l1fo 110rth montlonlnt• Jut it' a n1co to write o.nyho!t, juJt to JO.:f tre•tin&a ii.nd :-on•w expressions ot devotion. A. Llr1. Ca.spar tlhltney who sOo.!ll to bo e. 1"r1.ond of lo.otho r' a a.nd ia tho ti'-Oet fl. r dont b~ R.:.>osovolt-ito, <:M!;l to too. yooterdk.y. I t'alled to tluah with onthudoSJJ unttl aho spoke of you ohd then wo got tocothor and 1t '''" allrl,ht. 16m eon:dn$ oaat ln throe nolca and ono would thl:tk: I T't'C.a ta1"Dlnatlng tlvonty years in 51bor 1a or just o.bout to ho tod into tho Prou.\l.sod Land. l'fl~ tlu.d. c:.eited. God , how 1 hute Sa.lnt Loula. l4y r.tothor is JStill tho moat hoa.vbnly ·cronturo I lo1.1J,..,, o.t~d ..t . boln11 co:..t'ort~

But tho town. T!-u~ u:;llnoss of lt, tho bl eak. dark- r;ro.y, s;,aoko oodJ~a n.;Unesc. Ancl tho fooling: that you hnvo heard evvrythins evoryoflf! &fl.ya boror e , hoT: mo. ny tLMoo boforo , c.nd t~at it "ea novet· wioo nor \Ti.t ty nnU uouc.r.lly not QV.... n l~iud . r.e ot soolnc r:ry budJ~oa in t:~t" Yor!t o.ncl finding out about the ::roo.t. t:\Jrld outsido hc.:a pantlnr. with joy. The boo<: ·· ill bo dono , whioh la to oo.y thtlt I hovq wr itten lt o.tm.:>st and IIOtl,1n~; >.oro. Thero wilt be twelvo ohavter s , nbout 300 f'O.GOII t~f type!;cript, a ctory which hiU 11 far nl)rso be~1nn1n~: , a m1ddlo e1nd tln end. hnd tho.t ls all. It c.>uld :wt bo ...:o rse, it ia tl\e.n tho first nocrel I wrote ~on I wtls sixteen. Far w rao. I ""' pu.st c.arln.g, boint: too t1rod. It will bo done and that hos come to be tho w~:n thin~ in lifo, A aor t of of!'ort of "1.11 , tho wo.y S'\vedieh sytn.no.stics a.ro thn JIW)S-t borln& ofrort of muscle . I shall consult with a fow he.rd-hltt1nt f -lon.lo ..nd literar1 &dvla•r•, und lf

Oa· also burn i t. l hnvo no conv1et1ono about lt onyrJore. :J.0 atotl., c l have to rlnd wor k Md I Y.'tlnt Uko JM4 to get &broad once noro. \":o r!:i n~ oo ho.rd on u l::nropou.ti book h&a oonfuaod tho tow t hings I onoe knew. I. can't write you tl docent letter because I ho.ven'4; d.~.te •nft:. l.n.~ ror wo ka, perl.Al s torovor, oxoopt olt on the third floor o.nd Ttrlto. T"k• n "'nll: Ulco o.n ol d ron 1tlth zaka& r8.eU!llatiam. Oet injections or t•ltuito.ry e..nd thj ro,iJ (uor :C doe~m ' t agree wi th me ,

I W8S llllJfint to be ~ sntin lady, too bad)., .,. ROQ.d the rn•. &rti with u dlm SOHSS ot ':'/onder ,

not kJll)wint what it' s n.t l a.bout, the thl~c s tho.t are ht,~l !lnlug i u that dlst!l.n.t

'I'IOr ld a~ outside. AJ\d rea~ books b:t th~ dozen o.~d o.d.tlllro th6 people Ylho prtlct lso my trade we l l , There aro· plenty or thom ur\ll they are WO(Jdero. It is good to kno\"t I 1 somoone oan do it. Thta is -not t he u14tlir1o.l i'or a. l etter, it 13 All a c rashing

bor e • . 9ut the r e i s o. l ovely lett.-Jr from y>Ju :51ttlnc in f~' df'tG~ ;Jra.\'lfir, ~·:!1ich I have 1 read several tirues ~ and at l onst t ·:ranted to thank you f'or it tU\d tell you o.go.in

thnt 1 ~c yours, o.s fondly as posclUlo ,

FobrUD.r y 9

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I I I 4o .... ~~~ )'Oil ...... , "'• ~ )'011 he1 ... )'0111' boolr ud I oalJ IIOpe - aA)' ,,. oUl ..U • plq ot 1\ ,...... u. I tlllDl< it -u lie •erl· fiOU4 aad I woul4J ~~ • plq out ot -~~ OWI'J ud 1 e 110\ \Milk p.1.0,70 oliCIQld be ...... u l , ... ,.., t o<~>'" all ot \llo cllarao\uo la 'lie ll..,k 111\o ... plq, lt 11011ld llo ollftwnol Jll"' u .. tba ..Uoaka t u llJ plaJ "'l a !hn•-.4 w.re c.._•. lUck oUl tell )'Oil OUJ' ~io• ot , ..,.

I all turllll;f eOft'J roo\ to •e you be­ to... )'Oil eaU. I u eo ghd JOU ellowe4 )'OIU' bock \o Plual atld be waa eo ell\ lwalaatto, ..Ul ot JCIIl ~ vthr• lloed eppreoi •Uoll - tall 7011 llo onUoU. t o r )'011 ..... Ollab - oJ'iUoa OA )'0111'­ •alw.. 'llbere 1Qil1' o.., 110rl< Se c aoceaed. I .. 110$ .tnl4 1~ wlll do t oo l UUe work on the # beok, but t bat JOU wlll do too aaah.

llhOD JOII g ot beak Mrl l' lA ..,, I -r oUl l be ou\ lA -nla tor I u hop.lJI& w 110 oil& tar -..• • btftJidaJ', (thle 1e -ru.ual u I 4o ao\ aDt to Uuppoillt her U 1 01111't so,) ..._r, I 011111 en \o llo ll&'ok lA .llew Yol'k aiiOII& t he u•ll ,.. ~. _. llaok 111 -.btaP• ... tbe 1"11. or liiUl. lllok • .., &1..,. tall )'011 'llbore I ... aa4 I wtU \ell bar t o ln .. lalow 'llbeo JOII •U•

. Gclo4 lack to ~· .... t or bee••' • aalrie, U ,.... 10 \o llpaa, doll t 11111 )'OUMl t, either P,.etaall)' or -1.-11)'.

Ufao\ lonahlJ, 111oe llar\be. Gellhom 4~66 McPbereon A•enue St . Louie, 111eoour1 S : ID I ( ~

DeHr 114Jot,y I

• wiU IIDt be b•clt ln lf•,ablll(ton 1111t1l t be ""nine ot ~• .r- 211. Do you tbs.A: it weald be :»aribla tor lr. llee1ocw.J «lid ~. Inn• to COM tbeoY rt tble le net noaatbl8 p~~rbapeo tbey oo·ll4 brtnc • t h•..r• la:>ec!b tel;y after lul;y 5, lmlAas .tba;y wll! attli be out !G lloll;ywoo4. After tbat' I wUl be 110118 to ~de l'v!< and I ee.RGot ~· er11ctl;y whaG tbe Pr.sldent wtU ~. t here.

Ot course I w.ot 'nil")' .,,ch to

I aa Yel')" haplff it I &II MJ" 1!81~. l!e would all ot ua li.U to b8lp the peoople ·~ " know h<\Ye tbe rltt "1111 the saQat tifton• to 4o reaU;y good • orlr. lll tba worl4, and you !>'ve 'hotb. I 4& ao &lad Collier's U ·:ad the artlol8o lW <> I aare they woald, l:O!> are r1£bt to "- tl')"IIIC to aab ~*>Ill• realhe that what ta happeo!t14 tn ~!A atgbt luo.-11 a~ · e. At the ..,_t, I aa ..ally 110re tl'OI>bled by tbe Ge~ situation tha~~ I aa by what ta ball!*lloe la Sr>oill, becauae lt M,y he tbe DP81lbll IUD ot a s-re.l inYol-t.

'!'be dr rdd Cll Va1encla 1a terrtba. hilt lt ts ' aetl,y 'lib• t . ... r uus to .., to ~· tit · J!I4l

I lo\'ed ••t..& yCN alld waa only 81>'n7 tb.l t tba President bad to eet auch or 'llhllt ;~ ou to14 • IIO!lOnd lwld. "erbapa b8 wiU 11:\va a cbaaoee to IN yovliir'ore JOU rut haelt to Spoto. : so

U!sa Martqa Gelltlorn 726 Park henue !lew York ()U

tt .... . cran4 to le\ ;your let.t.er nnd ot COilJ'M \ba 1lnb of M7 wlll be perfectly pee­ .t'ble !1114 w loolt forw.l'd to hll•111C :rou and t.ba two pnu-e t or dinner •oad the ntlht.

to., u to wbat ;you hAve to ~ abo1tt \be Spaaieb ab~, I tbt.nlr. tbe IJ'OIIP that has b ­ ~ to ba.,.. tbft e- o..,r he!'& llu not '­ eatlftl,y wiN • nd tbe7 b~Ye o!arepruented the ut\1\ade or t be La~ ~n..nt &ad ot \ be State DeputMa\. ONce Abbott, .ben she 1\Mre~~M •• w po.. t~ GUI0 bat tt la acatan Ul 110d1r11 ldMI of wbat 11 lood tor cbtlAtrw t o uproot thea aad brtD& ttl-. te tllla couaV70 wher e thq nre detinital:r GUt ett tJoa Ul tbat th., a. and that would ~ "'­ fMl .._.. 'becauM or ft~il>l'it,J.

'!be • h abo qat ta till elmmt 1a- powp that has 'beeo acttaU., w bra~ the. OY&r wldcb deelfta to ha .. ~ bas•\ 1111 u Protaatuta; ao, .,.tt.e oatrarelq, U hat atli'Nd the Oatbolla II'C'ql taw ...,_tU.. ~ llt.Jit.e Depart..t hu obth1ud r:roa Pr,_. o IJI'C)!IIIU t hnt lley cbU4rw 1.. 1111: taaa tel 5&tet¥ -• uy co 111\Ml'MCI,•tt.h t !ooae llhol cr. • loold~~~t &l'Wr th•, throuch tM u ..., but, becauu w bad no o..,an!,llad JrOIIII to wol'lr tbroup, tt baa bND 4ttrt0111t to ba,. UU'\111111 4o•• h are bop!c wtth111 tbo8 Dftt r .. dllJ• tMt • nattoui ors.. u.ttoa be...S by U l aa Werdwll will tatMr t.optMr &ll tlae .. dttre... t pooupe ..S coordluto tbetr et!orta. lcnwa DIIY\a t.elepboaad W be would Gee lr. lrardwll Ia • dey or ao. I

~ti-.lly tt 1& very eoay to aay t h·•t •• 1hould r.cehe the chtldrea ill thta eouat.17,but it lNQUtrea u ltttle 110r e tbM eaoUon IOMt1ws to do the •1M thtac.

t •ill be I.e ~ .. Tor'~ ncaS... aJ"'WWd tile 24th !or a few ~· &:ld will try to - yooz. Arrecttout.el;r, so

lliss llartba Gellhorn 726 Perle henue j !lTC

•· .. Dearest Wre. HooaeveltJ I• d h&ft anawerud your .tine letter ao'onetr but we• vo becm waiting to soe -how th., tllm 1 ehapea up. We are· now •we th&t it will be ready to 1how on .July ttxtha would it be

good ror y~u.)>nd llr, H0084YOlt if they brought it down and elx>wed it to yoJ thAt

EtVeningt 'lb,ey h4V6 to ny ·to J:lollywood. tho ninth, And bo hOI:O Uuri 11g tl'lb i.lrtJ c>l.' I t ho so•rontl>, Tho alxtll.la ~ino Cor them it it' o ,allrigllt wltll you. I o.m ao excited

a.bou~ that .pioture. 11' • nigh't• ago we Worlcod Vlith throe ao\Dld en&inoor• in tho

lob .at the Polumblta Broe.doasting, and WG made the aound of inOOJ>lng shalla withl a 1 tootb'al l~laddor Wld t.11 air hose and t1n~rua1la snappins against a 1oroen, all

tremendously mag11..1ttad and i t eounda to lilco a ehell ttt.t we woro scarted out ot our v(ite. fh&t wae lovol y too, workillg thoro moet ot the night on sounds, with those

mon• &'Vor-ybody doln$ it for nothing, only be<::auao they lovo t~ wor k and. e&ra o.bout

tho f1.l.m and .what it sa.y1, and everybody tlred but not Wnding. Thi3 goes on rNery day and people aprtng trom.thef ground who a re eager -to glve their timo and their

talent to • guod O&Ute . ·e ·It m.kea IDD ao proud of .peoplo thAt I now teol I am aon\ehow

.tho mother of • million, an4 all of ~om doing well.

· ~an.hilo~ ~ ~ a little dead • lth oxhauetidn bocau~& of the Bilbao refugees.

Do you know about th1o1 It aoeQo, that 500 kida (thoao tragio ·~ lit~le dark

onea I know eo Mtll) are-.'f8.1t1ng in Salut Jel.ll d• Lu& to 001~ to Amec:1oa• • ·Thot'O ia p&4eage 110ney tor 100 of! t):lem, . and OOUII.tl eaa .oti'ora of adopt ton. As you know, they

are welcomed to ~ngl.nd and ?ranee, tho govo~nta thoro actually do t~ reception work:. Here; it appears, Mho Labor DopartJDent l:uu decr ood a. •soo bond por child b6foru

t hoy om .r;.t in, and alao dem~.ndod tho approvnl or the Catholic Cnarl tlea. I find lt

1noompreh~atble , a Ca.tholio lobby no doubt, .but 1noo'mpr ehens1ble anyhow. Thoao children are &.11 C&thol ioa,..Baaquo children, but it ia tmbarraecing to .f'ind that they • were -do lloMlou and llqllllll ,orphaned by tho poople >~t.o wish to dostroy tho Godless

Redo. • Tbat ·uuat .be tha root ot lt SOIIIOwhoro . but 1t is pr•tty terribla. 1 happon to

, know (oo it hurto ...,n, and lli&keo.JII8 guiltier) ·.wl'at those ell ildron 00110 fro,., and it

&eeml to ru llll&&ing 1that only America ehould otter no aanctu..ry tor tb.am. I tw.Vo been e.t this llnoo dawn, trying to think of -ys to ..... tl\ia clear to the Labor Dopart.lnont.

It 1eema to me that it ia two things, an 1njuetioo ud a sort oi' b&olc1ttg down on -vthat ...... Anlerioa lilcoa to thinlc it at&nda fort k lndneao to tlw wealc. ilhat do you think about itT ,. ' 1 aaw·.A.ml& Lou.i1e Strons at t he lWrltet'•' Cong:l"'ea11 (-,..hioh wa o. wondor!"ul ahcn•,

Carnegi& hall j&m~ila~ -- 3500 and 1110ro tumad o.way at the door-· only.to hoo.r ..,.1tor1o.

Srnoot •• a otoundil>gly good and ao aimplo and honeot, and Jorio' auo.. tr0111 the fil.ln had o. groat ~troot , and Browdor -• r.baolutol y awful; llyo toll t hroughr. at tho l aat

m.inut o whioh -· .. gr6t.t - . on

WODfll\ alive and ao OTenrorkod that ahe . doean•t mko any .enao atta r four ,o 1 olook in the

a.f"ternoon. It eeema I ga.ve .you 111 erroneous impreaaiona ahe oh.. a.llengod mo OA rrry f o.ots. Appo.ro.ntly you thought I oo.id thoro were 1 2-14,000 RUSSLUI troops in Spain, but I eaid there werv 12-14. 000 Intorua.ti o.n&l troops in all. The .re o.re no Ruaeian troqpa tho.t any ot ua -- the .journa.llata -- evdr •• or heard aboqt. I doubt it thoro o.N 500 Ruaeiana in SpAin, not, aa many Ruaalane •a Ambric&D..a/ Tho Ru!:eiana. like the Arno:ri.cana,

come on private inlt1a.t1Ye aa volU11tee:re, t.nd it' 1 4 lk. .hard journey. Tho .oue a whom 1

aaw (I aaw ten in all) are all teohnloian•, enginoora ~ aviators and aunit iona

exports aDd writer.. I didn't want you to th:llk .I h6d been givlng you 'Ol'o~ dope,

I t 4 d OO:.'DIIOb.that L probably didn't mlco myaelt oomo out straight. But tn.: h

tho tfigur•; t.Dd •baa been ohooked by the Engl ish Corb.l.'s slon trom the House ot qonYnon3.

<~&.nd -by th.e LondQil Times e.Dd N0;w· York Time a roon, e.nd b"/ Braileford $11d othbra., &nd th&ro ia no rea:·.an to believe · it inexa.oti

I'm t;oing..away in .about·ton dayo to Connootiout tq write. !Ieee thoy .are elt ing

"" all.,... : I ouppooo. it 11 very tlattering and all. the Nat but it 1a kl ll l~ mo and I

do not .know how to work . dift'Uaoly, ,I get addol braiMd and upsqt o.nd I. ~t to do one t>ing untll it gets finilhed and t l\on another thing.. and I hate to opoalc a t meotinga

. laoro tban I oan oay, It I don't havo to work hero, oould I OOlDG with lleilli,..;-y and hena on July oixtn, it that' • r. good date• I• d lo..., to have a.notbor visit o.nd 1 ' d low

to ••• tho . firat .finished •hawing of tb6 fil.DI. Wo' To all oarod oo muoh about it, and

tried oo ' bard·to 'JIIllat it· right and beautiful t hat it 1o kind of torrityill; to think h<>w it will "'"'to· other •po'oplo, Golly, I hopo you'll like lt.

I ·did haw the lonlioat t i me with 'you o.nd haven•t workod ainco the way 1 want to. dolnr;o every day and I Wht.t that day ot ...,rk meant I o&n' t toll yo\1. I read ot yo\lr on how to Hvo and lh in.. what yo" o\lr;ht finally to write la how you do ita a troatiau and oar;or pubUo. aooomplilh tho work ot t,...nty .,.n per day. Thare'd be a blr; beauty Oh, and I must toll you a heavenly story. I wont to a vary exponolvo I poolinc ott like old oatabllahDont tho other day 1~ doapalr Lcckuao all my akin was tho l)lUy Worker to r;ot wallpaper. I had otopped on tho way and a...ght po.poro. IUid luld .ttnlohod with tho p&!X>ro, tho lar&"ot Spain nowo , Tho clrl oame in and a.okod mo it lad lady N>d diuondo troa booa.uu tho lady in tho next booth had nctltin~; to road. Said prutty alarmed by It all. her wriet to hor ulbow. I sent her thu DailY Worker . Sho was " very l nteroatln~ P•l••r, 11\0 11irl aakod..., what kind ot paper that .as and I oaid LV 1 ia very well which prlnto some sort• ot news you don' t r;et olaollhere and so..,tlM~t 11 that paper every morning written. I went bo>ok today tor my nallo and sho oo.ida 1 got lt. So I took ~ boy friend down to 14th now, Kioo G0llhorn. lt•s tun to read ion't a lot ot thlngs to do Stroot the other night t o hear a moot \~ from t>. soap box1 thoro' 0 from wlthtn. with a ve.nee•neo. in New York 1 novor know &bout." \'~toh 1e known aa borlnt , aren't you, avon if it !low I r amble on. l'u so glad 1 live in this day and a5• yo" lot ma know if nlrs•n goto vou ln tho end, thoro 1a nevor a dull moment. ¥/ill adi:Urlngly 1 love you. J\lly oixth 1o okay. And ploaso know how very 10\loh and how very

726 Yark Avonuu Wedneaday

110 w York City

• ..

• I

Ho. about I • JOil tbNa caiJ1C to ~ l' llolldq t1w1 a.rlt 5'b or 3lll7 ·:nd eho.UC tile til• t.barat Yt -u be celt _.. Mtht•eWf7 tban ban.. l t dOtlll beN, bee< .nae J CAnnOt be bna Oft ~ D{Cbt of the 6tll 01' \ha nlJIIt ot ~ 8tla, ... both the l'relldent aDd t rill be ··t llyd oa e l'al'll the Stll. llowftr, lt 70U ..-t.....,. U, cc• d

r did not •an th"t oM ahoulcl oo\ tool -'i~ about th~l ~ t .... happeailll S-..1.8. 1.8 ! aboal.d thtu, wl tb )'0111" trlead• ea4 yov ~ladp or wbat 1e IOU& oa, you teel would -tto....U I alwip41 -\ tb&t 1D ,_ tMl... o t.ard U>o abUdr• w -t DOt let ov ben J~t be wupec1 bJ 0111" Wee• -uou. !be wbloll b.acls--4 ln lilelud a t ow dqt aco .show that lt h better, tr " poeotbl.y U.p tbHe caA0 to cblldNrs ln tboll" boee cm'fil"oa..ot OP •• .-r a a l t 1a pou1lll•. ·

t t.h111k All aa 't!ard.ellw lll bo aucceaa!\tl 1.D rdat., the IIOM7 .uxl '"!'Plio • t or ua to eead both to Sf-a Uld to the nelebboriac culllltrlOI.

tou will be iatlree'-4 to mow that. .... •lobor tolA • that ~ bttd ..a a pertec~ -"tallll :.dd:ro11 to tbe ltbnrloa a..:l 11114 •tf.rro4 bt.- "11 ~· He tbl ua was • ywr booll ..-rttallla :>{eoo or niU.,, 3o 1t )'011 cot. dheovo 0 ... wl tb )'OV o.D !IIIU..tclllal acbUYJ II t.a, - t.ba\ .. llq ..... -.-d tM ....S. ot--a. ,..,. .,.. eD\butaa... ,.. .. ao ot -- "-led... llo tlldtndllal - tMlll rea\1.7 htportat., T don't SUi'PO' •• but I aa 1164 tM\ )'011 wtU "''" t.o "' oo heqau•e ot tbe t- ot beredt\7, tor I 1'M11¥ t•l tbot. :rau ar. dotlll • ..,oct ,lob. Attaot.toooat.e17,

• • . .... -...4

llioa llarth& Gellhorn 726 Park ATonue Hie s 0

.. ''

I .

I /

I !learnt Mro. l!ooHnlt 1

On Jul;y ..-nth, Jorlo I....,.o bao to &bow the tila in »ew York to the ocluoetio~at.l clhioi® ot the l!ooil:eteller tollllcl&ti®o (Be woril:o with th• o~a ftriouo th111r;o ..,cl the)' ,.... ftr)' btoronecl b hio t11ao eel 111 the • ..,d angle of thio ,Sp....tah o~ae,) 1 • s.,... ot their people are oolli~aa; trom out or to.>1eel it baa been ar,...,r.ecl for - ti,.., oo he oan•t ~· it. If the 1izth 1o no a;oocl, how about the o1tbth, I•a awtul oorry to bother you with thh all the ta.. They are both ..,..ry happ;y to be ahoWiDg it to you and Mr, J!ooa....,lt and I t.m happ;y to bo ooml.nr; baok to "" you.

I aooept )'OUl' o_,t on be111g aliiOtional, ..,cl your explanation ot the Bilbao obilclron bu11iaeao holclo. I otill tb1nk it io not unoouncl to taka obildr..,, hriatly, aa tar a•y hall tho oouroa ot terror a a poaciblo • and tro• the bogbnint: i ~ •• pl..,...cl that ti.,.. Catholio Baoquo prieota ware to travel with t he children, 10 that rel1g1ouo objeCt ion would not be "ftlicl. But getting mo~o ths 1o paa perhape tho 010ot etteothe thing to do. It 1o a little harder to du~ot 110nay than to obtain hoap1tal1t;y, -wr obrlouol;y it oan "and ehould be done. The next ti1110 I get

10ro about 1011111tb1nr; I• 11 -.it a weak and ••• it I'a 1t1ll oore . li:Diotional ..,,.... are bee! non. Retora will now Ht 1.1¥ And thank you tor taking. the time to tell ,.. the other oide. It io !.rei ,..,_de:ya IQOt to r.et IIIIOtiono.ll;y terribly involved in thio whole bulilllll• Tha attaok on Bilbao 1a one ot the naotieot th1Dga I o.., ~r barlllg mown about. And a ~:roat triencl ot ~~line -• killed two cl&ye ago, a lo..,..ly htaorouo -.n, and a writer whoa I adlll.re 1o dying ot a lholl wound, and wh111 1 think ot tho,. people 111 B1lbao etratecl by low-nyinr; aroplanaa with .,.obino gun1, and think or thirty lhello a lll.IQ\Ite landinr; 111 the otr.. to ot ll&drid, it mail:eo .,. oiak with anger. An&er a£&1Dat two man whOII I t1ral.y bellen to be clanr;orouo orial.nalo, Bitler and lluoool1n1, t.lld againot tho 111tornational clipl-.oy llbioh wbito-.ohoo .U..ria, ODd h\llbly be£1 tor the oontbwed "oo-oporation• ot tho

Faoo1oto, wbo at onoe dootro;r Spain eel aro appointed to keep t!.t cleotruotion troa ' opre&cl1nc• f bio 1•. oaotional, probabl7. But I don't know how el11 one oan tool. Tou will a~:ree with .. that the role ot the raooiota 111 BaJ.!n 1o oo..thiD& 0111 oumot oontellplate .,..ry oala17: ·.

It 1o crand that .Ulan llo.rchlloll it coing to take on tho oo-ord1Dat10l1 job whioh 1 1o eo badly neodod and I oa upoo1&lly ~;lad that a -... ot t hat oort will bo doing it. I I oan•t b...- ha-rlnc tho Spanioh -.r tllr"Md into a IAtt and Right ar~t, baot.UM

!t 1o oo &~oh -r• than that, and inoroao1nglq it ...... to ., tho tuturo o!' Europol la bo\llld up in tha outooM ot that war. It aleo ••eu to •• that th4t tutui-e ot

Suropo it our tutiU'o, DO •ttor how &loh ,. _,t to be aport, JaD 1o ono ...u-.1 ond I • I I our oi-rllhation it not di-rloablo into water-tight OOOijl&rt.. nto. Richt now, I tool ~oroo~lly torril.ly ho lpluo about ov. fythin~;. I do not ro&lly lt:Dow how one oan oor-rO. I mow -t I believe, and I ""uld do ""ything tor a oortain nuaher ot 1doalo and hopoo about tho world, and how ..., """ lin in it, but I tool nry uoolooo i.nd unablo in any •:r to be ot holp to tho people I know nood holp. I talked on !'hurltonod) I kept -dari.ng wb&t .,,. it ,., at all, I dOll' t th1nlc ono really touobu pooplo, they han to tool it th.-oelno before thoy oa.n undorotand. In tba ...., way, you bogin to doubt whether booko or artioloo, or anything one dooo in any way oxplaino and by exploining obangoo the way pooplo look at to.oto. bd it it io unlooo to work oo bard at tho dit't'oront thingo whioh troublo ... thon it 1o a poorioh lito. a...... thoro ion' t 1 IIUoh ti• lett tor tun, tor triondo, tor leiouro, tor onjoYine what 1o loftly and I ' n gone through thio oot ot idoao until they o10ken .... and

..,.,. baok to tho ooncluoion tbo;t thoro 1o DO - ohoioo, it 1o "•illy to talk ot troo will. llo& aro what wo are, by heredity and upbringing and baoauoo ot the -:r lito hal hit uo, and I ouppoM I will go on doing hUtObly and rotbor badly tho kind ot thine I do, whether it it purpoaotul or not, booauoo I don't know what eloo to do, o.nd booauoo I oan no-..r forgot about tho oth• pooplo, tho pooplo in llo.drid or tho ·

-loyod or tho ,...., dead otrikoro in Chi~o or tho _., who oollo ponoilo in tho IU-Y· I wioh I oould forgot, but I don't mow tho toohniquo tor that. Ao u.u&l o. lo"C aialeoo lottor, you auot bo pretty tired ot gottinc tho.. ..,1.-o troa -· J0w, I'll otop tor awhile and not ta1oo up your tS.. -ria tho .Ulo or ony other •1• Will you juot o.ok lira. Scheider to lot - know about tho tin&l elate. llo' 11 - do'IIJI in tho lato afternoon, juot botoro dlnnor ot ~t day you oot1 u that' 1 oonnniont. I think tho tila l o.tto o. little onr o.n hour. I'• oo exo tod 1 n you're c<>1Dt: to •• it. .bAll do bope it' • aa cood ae I tMl* it h. rhey tiM. wor!Atd 10 wll &Dd ao hard that I don't thillolc it oe.n ,~ anythills but but I aa. fhare 1 1 DO .,.,d to tall you how n1'7 dawted I aa to ~.

\ I

Satu.rd&y hw York City ' I , • • I~\ I ,.,., ( ~ \ I , I l .. / 1 .( j \ 1

Dear.. t lire. Jlooenelt1 / I Ypu did really like tho ru.a didn' t yout Joril aad i:rDOet ....e Tory happy about it. Thoy _ ..., o.leo i q>reo01d that you o.nd w,.. Roooovelt oaid to no.ko it otronr;er -- that ' e what it IIJI!)untod to -- by IIDdorlininr;' tho oauooe ot tho oontl1ot, I think llr, Hoplcino

wae nry moftd by it. You wre hoannly to uo o.nd I hope you like my two t ronoh

buddiu, both ot whoa I o.doro, And I .,. oo r;lad you lot uo oo""' booauoo I did - you to ooo that tUm. I oo.n' t look at it oalmly, it ,.koe it hard tor me to broo.tho &tterwordo. 'l'hooe oholling oooneo 1n lladl'id ~t 1110 and tho women oholc1ng o.nd wipanr; their oyeo and with that droadf'lll look or holpleuno11, in the bocl>inr; or tho villa~ ot lolorat&, and tho gra.To waiting taoee ot the m.en "Llldnr; olowly into tho attack at Ja....,...., it1 al I 0 l vory olooo. I think J 0 rio did a magnitioont job and it io a rooord or poroonal bravery that you'd ~t doooro.tod tor in o.ny war bllt thh one, whioh 1o a r;ood one whore they do not r;i'YO deooratione, and mon do whatowr they do tor nothing. And I hope you likod tho proeo, the oommont, deepito that awful voioo whioh manr;leo it, It 1o very bealltitul a a good do&l or it ro&do lilc:e poetry, Erneet hao borrowd ooew> o:onoy (he 1a now quito broke with po.ying tor t1U. o.nd buying ambulo.noeo) and ie going to pey to han that Toioo part dono o...,r, with eo1:10ono who knowo how to to.lk and hao enough lmt.glno.tion to fool. I think tho film will gain onormou.sly. Tha·, aro out in Hollywood with 1t now o.nd I _. bopinr; it ....,,.lee well thoro.

I .., tho ao: ibo tor that group o.nd ao am delegated aloo to thank you tor th•, wormJ.y, Thoy wore gla d to bo thoro, and both oo happy to know you and Ur, RooooTOlt, and wo haft aeon ao IIIODY people who had neitbor uaderoto.nding nor o~athy tor Spo.in that it made them happy to ooe you . It I hadn't felt eo liko a. mother with hell two intant p "slu prodir;ieo o.nd boon oo norvou o loot anything go wrong with tho tibo, I'd haw tolt brighter. It woo Ter

ljM lj; 11 juet awful hot and ldnd of oontuain~; here o.nd I auddenly roaliee that I am not going to finial\ '"II book, that I oan' t enn d.o it properly booauoo it 11 really too olooo to.,. &ad I toel it a ll too ho.rd o.nd oo.n't set a-y tr010 it and look at it olearly. I th1nk that I auet wa1 t wbioh dietru11e me aad 1 haft really wetted me two montlu ' I - al.noe I lett SpoLin. But I OIJ1° t eeoa to ~:ot quiet oiiOU&h to work properly, eo lo&ro oomtort myaolf eayinp; tb&t lator I 1 ll d.o tho book and. not be too o.eh.,...

••• you &t."111 batora I aail. T~ you agaill, onc!.loaoly.

L0\"8• I f· ; r; . '\ I, I ll I {

Su >da,y 726 Po.rlc J•ronuo

> •to• l&rtba O.Uhorn Cue r. V. Field June )0, 19)7 New Harttor(! Con1111ot1out !iibth O,IC, 111U try to be here nnd perhnpa tl\ko stclntsht to Mew YOO"k . !,.,.cti!\1 nU three t or dinner nn4 the nisht !loanor Rooeevelt

..

f .. I ({ I I •I D...,.oot lira. liooN.,.lta l You will be ao 1111&1'1ad of • aooD • I .. oo.,.nd w1 th oollfllal.oa but pl•N do DOt I t b.illl< I • boll.nc lllldllly l.naftiolat. tho pol.nt DOw 1a that tne lloDday attar Jw.y

4th 1a a bollday, aDd apparelltl y 110Y1o teohlll.oiODa han extr& tl..ne ott aDd ooat a o I t ortll!lO to hire o.,.rtlao, Joria n.. da tho day of July 6th to tl.nleh tho laat prl.nt1Q£

of tho f il.llo Tharotpre, • r - dofl.nltoly Mice tho date of abowlD£ tho film to you,

July 8th. I booitate to do thla, but it will ooat about tSOO to r;ot .... to work OD

July 6th. Wbioh tliOO 11 hard to 001110 by owldonly.

I "" that you''"' b"n l.n lfew York eo maybe )"Oil haftD' t had my other lettn. 1t tho lith 11 okay_oo!!l'!_lll' .. Sohaider wire-· oaro '·!•oriold, llew Baorttord, - 0 /_..- Co1111ootiout, juat to •r yea. .&.J>d 1111/ oh my, I aa aorry to be ouoh a nuiaODoo to you. Tho film 11 ftl')" boautitul thouch, very 'ftl')" boautitlll, and EM>Oat haa writt6D

tine worda tor it .,.d I know when you ••• it, you will oxouao me tor Wl'itl.nr; you at ) intervale of two ainutea to obaur;o dat••• I aa at l&at dur; l.nto the ooulltry aDd hopl.ng to got Nrioue work dono aDd produce a

I book I needn' t bluoh tor. 1 lo'ftd wh&t you wrote ill )'our ool\aD a tow daya ar;o about

1 &lao wioh 110ro aDd 110re that I oollld r;ot aa IOUOb done 1D a day u you O&Do

0 0

/ "' lfow llarttord

r (. 0 I • ' j)o 0 lo ~

0 o' ' o • •T .il' '

00 . ' . . . ;oa

Mise l'llrt~lJ.b<>:rn l'ebrue:y 1, 1938 43e6 I.!OPhe A.Yenue st. Lolli a !tleaou_ri

c.i..n 7ou come here tor 12th a:nd 13th AlQ anxious to see you~

.· Elelulor Rooee.,lt

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I f

THI WHITE HOU S ~ WASHINOTOH 1 anuary 31., li38

Dear Martha:

:t untU wt~lln New Y. rll: hu' 110t later. C J'OU cU at my apart- mon t IUid go to a lay, or ooul.d you oa.. down hero t or a eoll: en betoro tho 9th? • I em Tory eJUt1oua t o e you. ) Attoot1onately,

·.

. h4v-)~ ~ ' } ~J ~ .• ... ·..

WlJ-c. INr(- 'h~A I I I~ z ~P~ ~ s4-tJ~ ' I (}_ _J..,w-~-~~ ' ~ ::- . ~-~ ~~· +- '1- ~~ ~ ~J- -""- ' ' u ~ ~ w-Jt:_ If;_ ~ l ~ ' . r~ 1r- k 1' ~ k . ~~. . ~ ~1 ~ \ f .d- Is; ~ _5I A.1!_.__ . ~? (}J~ (o : ~ o-lA.{ ak~ ~~ ( 1/-o-A ~ ~t- ~~~~Y-~ ~ ?f~ ~ ) q

---~~-- · ,~ -~ .\ Deo r :&1\..'"tJI

Ya11J t.lloulko !:or ~JUr let·•r ,.Jio! I clo

- you " t 11D;f tiM,

0 Uh• tl&rUl• IC•p!torn ')6f. tlcPIIer.)l;n Avonue Saint Lou!a U!oaour1

---- -~·• - I .•1.G ,..J : ~.,1, I A I , \ f • [J-/,#-~--

\ '1.• .'J • • 1) .. t / . ·.· :. .

I don'" know 'llb&t '!.i bal>P•::..lnf;• (Thank you for yotir wire, you're a dlorU.na;,) h h ~ike th.l.h I han -..s. aollot 22 leoturea 1m leao thaD a molith on sP.u. 1 ·- nat a 1 ''•~urer II.Dd da1 t la1clor boor to do it,'· ru.eom~!y, "'·' ~DC ~elr II.Dd not cettina;

uoitod, l He tb.. e row. on ron 1ot to.ou1 ofton -n and oometl.Joo • ..,n, ll.lld tbS.alD l han oDe hour to toll thom onrything I han pt.1Dhlly loarud and to ohout at

them that it t~ co on olooplng they are loat. So it turno out not to be leoturlnc but Billy Sun.a,., and it turna out oqually that I haTe loot 14 pow>do ln throo •oleo

&Dd om ahakint; with exbau.tion t.Dd' portootly ready to depart tor a bo t tlr II.Dd 110ro r11t tul ""rld, (Ct.Dnot tell you bow I loo.tho lecturing, tho lhtobl..ng ft.ooo ,..,.•• I wo.nt pooplo to talk book -· tho awful •oolobrlty"o.nglo )'hloh I ht.n nenr 118tt

botoro t.Dd uakeo ,.. olok •• tho flattery "llloa Oellhorn you aro an inspiration" 1 C!ood Clod, 1 havo boon t. not al•y• o.dmirablo oho.raotor but noth1na; to juotity being

oo.Uod an lntpirt.t102l - &lid the horror of thoao tr1&)1toned, lo.t, uni.nt'o.-d,

gratotul, faintly al~ring pooplo,) •' So now -.y dootor oo.y1 ·~thor .top it or you will oro.ok up. So my o.~nt 10y1

ho will aue tor dll-.u.g.o, Blo.ot him, I t.ID really 1110ro bu.tod than Ian oTOr boon, I•n boon tirod botoro, but I wt.o never a oolobrlty t.Dd oolobrity I Ot.DDOt and will nat tt.ko, So now I aa h... , &Dd out of' bod long onouch to writo you, llotbor it borrifiod bJ tho turn of onnta, Wo do not broalc oontraota iD our fo.m1 l y but '"' aro aho DOt ool obr1t1oa, Sbo lmlorato.Dda that and then I look oo awful, ao aha think• I awot not go on, But thoro 11 1'1at, lil

t or mr own ptoplt. It one \• A writer, oa. ahoul4 be a writer, and not a ltoturer. That' • about all I do lrn"" now. My re•p.ote.to your hu1b&nd . and ~ryour A t tlt&raa,

Feb 1 I Saint Louh G- Ga "· -B~ • I~ ;<'f I I I ! I I v' , ()

Febru&r,v 80 1938

Dear 114~·

I OJI glad you are go!D& e:ft¥ aDd whenner you ....,.t tD coae let me lalow. I will be gone rro. hare on a lecture trip troa )torch 5 to AprU .) .

I o.::s glAd you are go1Dg tD nite SpaiD out. of ;y= systoa. \trlttng ill your beet vohicle and you ought to do a good piece ot wore. Vorotey Ps.rlr.er, ill the !few Iorl

llo one Clll1 l

AttectioM~o

so l.liss llurtha Cellhorn 4366 ~cPherson Ave. St. Louis, !Ao. . I G-G-o 8~ (;0 . 1 ~59

I waa ftr)' oo;ny to !war :VOQ ha4 80illt baolc to SpaiD ud yet I unde:rat1111d yf:Alr holing in a oaae wbllr. tbe Noutral1'7 AC11 baa not •da uo neutral. We ar. 41accm!ll1ng, I think, t.bat the lllllltr.Uty Aet 1a r.eU, DOl a lielrtrallt)' A4t, but V8r)' raw ,.ople real.1%e it. ot OCIQZ'.. tba tm.ble 1a that moat people tn tb1a countr)' tb1Dk that • can atq out or wuw 1n otber porta or t he worl4. :han 1t we at• oot or it and aan our oom ak1na, we canDOt eacepe the cand1t10DD wh1Cb will umoubtodly ex1at 1n otber porta or the aorl4 8lld "bleb ·'I will reeot Of!l'tnn ua. That r 1a acaethine which I have preached rrca coaat to coaat oo do&r aare I roar. \fa are a1l or ua ael­ tlab - nota Mr. Ilocmtr'a atetcent on hie nturn rraa Kurope - ODd 1t we can eaw wr Cllll elc1na, the rest or the world can go. Tbll beat we c en do 1a to ~he w body c an aave hie own ald.n a1011e. \fa must all bong togetbor.

.·

IJ1so !Jartha Cellhorn c/o N.Y. Tl.rlos 37 Rue Cnuoartin P:>r111, Pr ance D!l

I ' l

llq Zl. 19)11 0 - ·· JlNr lilalV I

t ... 91:1"7 IIDCh 1n~~ 1n JOur letter. . I You c:ertailll;r can write0 trq c:IUld. and ghe one a ~r.ltable picture or wllat 1a 101nc Oil =nd :you. They 1nah~ 1n t.b.!a eouotz-7 tbat 0 throuib hanc.0 - auch aater1Gl is aoin& to ,. &oba the Lo7aliata as 1a to honea through !ier.IIUIJ' &nd Ikl;r. Ot eour .. 1 t1Jla '1'81")' bard to r;aup &D4 ot.ber people taU ua that t.b1. 1.a not eo. Paul 11U.,-t. lWiebed w1 tb '"" th• other ~ &D4 told M be apeet.ecl to see 70u 1n Parh you 6Dd that were on JOur ""i'' to Prague. It aeecs to 11e th4t Y;OU '" ~~a.... quite a large IIIOOOl\t. or "OOrk c:ut. out tw yourself. P"leaue do not set ldlledl I should like ..,..,. aueb to a...... you co;ee back. Rod aa yau tOWid the 'llh1 te Bouae rather a 1ooc1 ;>lac• to work. perhaps you will plan to lll)elld a l1ttle tU. wi til ue and reall;y do IOU of your worlt bere.

'!be ,... f'rooa !urope looltu e~el¥ I ~ .. wia.b we did not llve Wld8r the tllreat .,....'Y ainute or auch a.aaelaN ...,.. 11!11c:.h ••- to ban ·. h no purpose the world pcept. to leave Oa1'11&1V stronger than eb wu before. AU on• can do b to bo;~e luaaD bef.nca w1ll - to their -•· In t.be 8Mllt1M0 SCM ot ua COilcentrate 110re Nld 80H on the thins• •. · t!\at are around us. I rather th1Dio: that b "Oba~ !)eOple do 1n atonL- 'toNecl U..ea etWl)Wbere. \. 11,y ·'" lon to r-ll and do iWca care ot 7our•~lt • .&rreot.1onatel.)-. so

: • I ~ t.~ • :,.,, e~ . I<;~··

I I I I f I \ ; I Juna 29 , 1930 ' '

Dear ll a r ~ r: You have no 1c!eo how h RflPJ 1 w•• t o t you ore ~at your lettar 11nc! t o know t lu •ate. Th1a t ra1pe alng ~roun~ Europa At th•· pr"~Mt tt '!Ill n11nmq t o to• " ~lfthh' p··otr.lng "ut '' v 11ry .. ll h •lt:~e a nc! home soon . CorA10a r ounda pnrteotly "Om~ n t he l ovely 11M I hop~ you il.o •• Ira, 1 1·' 1 •un and t\nd t 11D& t or w" rk which you r ~& lly r., ..l pr oud or . Att l'o tnnd:elr, ER: mde

111 ae llartha Gellhorn 1 · Squ n 1' 8 d •J :> r, ~ I· d'." !- .. ~- , Fr F.nC<· \

I

l!o.l v1na: . / ,. ot:. l~ro 1A the lottcr rron IJ1es ~Uhorn w1 th her nddr"es w~11oh Y''U aolted to1• t h13 r.1Jl '11 1nr;. tlinH Lehund D.Ol':ed tuo t o n o.y thnt the '!'resident hwl eeeu 1t,

,r), ·tr,

~ -- .... I ,. I t I • .I • ~ o...,...... llootnelt, I got your loftl)' l itter, u d -..t to u-r 1t at oa.,., but t>.t ..... aow toad thea I •.a,.. tlowa 1Jl ud ou< ot Caechollowld& u d had. u "•zhault1Jl& it Ter')' l.Jaterutl.Jlc; tS..., I aated. to write you, .trai~~:ht ott, about that Fruoe-1e-help1q-th...X.oyalleto otory. It r;oea oa here, 1Jl Fruoe, -rery ori oltatl)'• Doriot, the aot nry p roal.t1Jl& l'aeolet l tad.er, t old. .. 1101t otr i oualy tlw.t theN _,.. $5,000 l'r.. oh troopt,

o.noy equipped. 8.114 ottioered., fllbt1Jas with the' llpu.ith govenaa.. t . I told b.1Jl t~t

eourl7 that it tlw.t -rt tru., the r;on....tat would !won ...,. 1a Bpaia l o-c t.f;6o

It ,.leu .. partioularly ~ 1a rln ot what it colag oa aowo a ••••~'~• 1 beli t-re that ocllle a:p alrplaatt w tt have r;ot 1a• 'but obrloutly a ot t oo IIIAll)'• oil oltt t hh hta'Y)' ADd paeral bambiar; by Fru.oo would. be otopptd.o 1 laaow the t rout1tr well, haviag 'lltootod two weolca of "'Y time banr;las about thvro at t he elld ot tho •OAth ot llay, &ad lw.viar; • tohod it, aDd aaked quoetioao aloag lt at e very eatr')' ADd edt • t . .i.Jtt o Spau. .bd I ." a okod joun>allota otalo,.. lltd ill Perp1p>all ud all t.lo11g, u d aoked holl!.l.llt; ooldiero, aad overypae I Odn 1'illd, ae well u author1t1.. hero• Pranoo 11

oertaialy 110t. bo1Jlr; the oupport lt 1o ouppoaod to bo, and. what dooo -Rag• to got ia 1a 011 lar,;el)' private 11l1a tin. I ollly with tho etorle• ...., .. , t ruo, ,.114 ....,uld b• t he tlrot to be 110ioily 4tl1r;htad. But there i t 11. .t.ayhow, t hey are ROW oerlouoly ooae1<1or1-c oeall.Jlr; the tro•titr to what a11 P,t trati'io otouu it, alld. 1a d.u. tl~~~e a blookJLd.t oaa w1a ...y -r. But how thl r;o ...n~~~<~..t 1o hol

u d 110 aaeothetloo I do JIOt ••• bow tnh areocl poao• o&D ooatinue, Partly beoauao ot

the di•atrouo e ooaOIUo burdoa lloDd partl7 booa u •• ot the ...a.riJir; and amaoreal po)'oholor;iee.l otraiao .bel yet th• Caeoha -~ to haw oall•cl Bitler'• blutt with ae

pretty a 110b111aat1oa ao -• ever otar;•cl, 1\Jld quilt .., re1p1o lt• 1 Darld ud Gollath all onr apia &ad the Cuoho are aot ly to thin t hat t hio ODI -cl all OU plunr.e Ul all lato it ap.lao rot , llarx lo otlll tho ooU>Ld ou, t,._ola& it &ll r i&ht book Where lt boloagoo )'Oil oan •a011ro tho r loo ot

•aal .. in C s.o ohoolo~ a oxeotly by tho tall 1a export rigurllo Aa4 I "" pret ty ouro tbooo c,..,.,. m aoritiu, Who '"" 8()jC Sooi&l llo:>ocrat botor o 1 935, Mluld otlll bo hard.worldug q\det reaoonablo people, \t it ...,.. , DOt tor \lM•ployDOat and huager llll4 tho ora&iueo that oomoo with a dolo,

W}-At 1• eo d1atreee1n& 1• th&t no on• &Dywhero tMI:IU) to ••• uy .....e r t o f1llyth1Dgt thor& 1a oa ly epeolllO.tion ao to Who will tight with WhoOI, how l ons it ..tll laot, aNI whoo 11: ..tU otarto and thon tho hopotul oaeo, tho optlmota with • faith,

IYho juot pray that it won' t happen,..,

~ woll, I thiak tho ,...,.... , o a&to a»yhow. S..n to &O to Sn&la»d aext welc I &ad &lk a lot ot qutotlODh I 1111 80 dopNUOd llll4 cU ar;uoto4 with s"'u ob toroi p ! policy that I ..., bo&ill&Ua& (otupi4ly) to tool tbo 1111olo Mt lon h a-~~ ot oottoa ~ ""ol. It 1o YOl'JJ 1rr1tat1ac to tw..... them build -b &a.d ,a. proot oholtaro tor I dor;o fot t . r l oh), &&4 to lw..o tho DOro uotlo youar; thi.Jll:• lw.,.. p1oturoo to.koa with tha1r aon.ato, all 111 ..,. , ""'*'• on t ho otapo ot tho1r hOiill t' &Dd thaa to han th1o ..uddllllf: aad hypo orloy to ooo owry mori!J.»& U. tho po.poro. It• • aot a cood wo rld r!•l-t >'Ow ! o itT l:'" ~~111~ to Cordoa to ...-, a!'ter all thlo 1o oTOr, &Dd forgot 1t. I oaB't do &aythiar;, &»4 I am tired ot lookl"& at d1 oaotor.

I ohoul4 han ocagr&tul&to4 )'Oil at t ho ""'i' pg11\1Woc OD tho •rria go ot your

ooa, .tlloh I roo.4 about ln tho Parh po.poro. Your 'llholo talll.lly 1o groatly aclalred•

Ul

Tilla ge ot froppau oa tho • • 1 '"• Sllu1u troatior , opealtlD& ot a ll ot you with u auoh atteotioa o.ad ada1rat1oa ao it he lcne• you p

YoW' illvit.. t1on to tho White House 1o 1l only a:nd I am moat r;ratef'ul for it.

·'.D <'. llhenner I r;et b>.Clc~ 1' ll oome at onoo, 'it I ao.y. I hope Coraioa will prOYe aa &QOd a plt.oo to "'>rk, tor tho' time boing1 either I have to do ..,,.. dooeat 'ln'itb~ or r;iw up tho id&& that Ism a writer. fbi< );uoluu or beill,o; a haole io fino tor fiaanoos t.lld revoltillg from tho point of vi.,; ot ooriou'e o.ooor.>pli~nt. I ae beginnlag to thillk in paragraphs and protty aoon it will bt hoadlineo, t.lld whoa that day OOIDU 1 shall biro out u a oorubwomaa, whioh ''11111· be 1110re •u1 tAble "-'! hollorablo.

lly love t.; you al•y•; and pleuo give rq rotpeote to tile Prwoidont.

Devotedly,

June 17 lB Square du Bois do Boulogao

Parie

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I

~·t ~1. 1938 .. .: ...

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Xt waa Ter:r n1oe to set your note an4 I aa glad that }'Oil ~ ~ok 1n PBle and hope that means ~ou are on ~ur •aJ' t>.ok here. I e011ebow would 111te to get you oat ot the atmosphere ot waJO tor a 11t~l• t111e. I kDow just how maoh or a war I"UUIIJ" there 11 at the present u­ ar.d, whtle I hope 1t yoa do eta~ noth1ng hlppene, I th1nlt 1 t h Juet aa •ell to get you away troll each thlng& tor a wh1le. You are t1re4 and dul led by too !Noh eootlon.

I b ::Jpe 'llh~n you 4o ooJDe home I ebal: be so111nhere 1n these parts, for I u doll'lf oonalderable trav.,l1ng al"'Wld this autumn • ::~ ome leotl.tJ"1Dg and a week or so rta1 t1ng the outlying children ln ~exas and Seattle • end., or course, to 'ltarm 8-orlngs 3t 'l'hanlte­ glvtng, and I think a week afterwards with Mrs. Gray in Florida. In between, however, I •tll be b11ek ln W~8h1ngton and rellftmber thtl t I ~~ on you lett1ng 11e know when you lll'1J to:- arr1Te And o0111ng to ue tor a whlle .at least. Y0u round 1t a soo4 plaoe to write before - pet"bape you w1ll aga1n. AffeotlonaulJ' yours, ER;O

: .. I " . • ;;_'; ...., "' •

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' ik._ ~ I f I 1(.... ::: ~\ 7 " I' ••; ·--;, ~~c , 0~~ A . ·' a.-... ~ to\'4. ~ . N"W ~ : UJ~ _ .J. • . L ,/.f':. : . -~ ' IS" - ~ s. .. ·· ~ ., ~ A ...... ;1. o\. ; 0 ~ • ...... -·l tr<_~ r:T • f ~ ,. - ~ -:r:---o\':"t•' ., ~~ o , .. .' ,~ . ,.::;, \ ,.:; •• ·~ ·, , L I ._ '.L. '·~· I ,_ ...::..!_. ~~ · ·;j, .' ;J, :·~ .....,. . . - . ~ ~ ~ J..._, ' " •.. e '_ e __ I """"'-+1 - - ·t.; l !{.._.~.,. 0_ J 1\. Gl•~ .• __ ·t' · ', .. ' I y. J : / • " " : ·: ~:·::· ' t ~·' .. ~.; ~ • • J.. .· ~· 'i J.J .. :..1 .• ' ~ . . •'_i• l . - :.... .:... _\ fj ~ ~ • .,.. ,..,4'1 . ~ , .-:-' ·~?*· ·~ .. ' .. ". ' ' ... ' .., • /J ~· .. ~'!•), ~ ~ - ~ t : J./..: "tlti.... , 0 ·, I l ~~...... ~ ~:'{.;.. o . /' IJ. • . ' . .... < ~ ·· ~. '• '· ~ · .~ .· . :. .:.'. ~ . ~ ~ :~ ~ ;!,_•,; ~ •' ... · ' ·:~ ~ ··:;:,~f.l · 'L . •• { '· ~· •t,,_ ,.~,· .. . I . , . )~ ~~ ' . . . '"'· " ""'""" ~ I . ' >!< i~ . ~ . ~ .., .. ... ;. cL. J. _ r-. ~ C:U • ;.:·· ·~ ~: I . - ~ · .: j O ""'-" ,_ . ..,...... At·c.· • ·· '"' . --. o.- ~ ;,_,.. l...... 6 ~,. ~ a. . /

· ~ t' ct.· H a...... 4 \ ... ~~ . . . ' ·\,:;·r- ~- { -~ ~ :·~'!.•... .•. . . ••• \1 , ~ 1'1 ,· ;••- 'n:.V'··. .~.: ·' .. v, i ' ~ ~~ -.Q....J... ; 1 ~.··· .; '·' .,. .. _,~··-· .}.. . ' ·' . . -"'tr~- . ·. 1· :.·: .~·-.· . .• .... ~ l ·• . I .. I, ' '•I :: . .,~ ;' i . .. ' -~-. -~. -~ ( .~ ... :: ' ~ ,.";" ·, ,. . . ~ ')' ' ' .· 1. 1t.t'. • ~ • . ; . I} ~ ' ~.... ' r .... , .. :· r /<( , :~ ... '•" ·.· ,. t .....-. ': ~ .; ·. ·I ,. , .. ,. t' ..

. I :oo~rest ll:'s. Roooovol~l .. I . I o.a ••;>•!J..ng you thia report thAt I , just \'IX'o·ta. It isn' t omotl y :>. Jlt>ro.ry

.ma.::torp!.eee but 1t ha.3 all the taota. I se-ttt ono r'Spo~ thr..>ugb· th.a U.s .. L llgt~.tion 1 in l':<:.i;U~ ...nd e.ak.ed .~h~" it be Gi~n to you. But tho pro.. ' oanoo!'ahip (unc!.>r

Oumon direction) 1o ao otrlet in Pl'lL~ thAt you oan~ t &"t tho otory out n..~ol I

eould not <>&l:/lo you , dire~ey.

I ' vo uen a cortai.n Dlltll:>er of· cataotropboo in·J:\y lit<>, ~ :b:o not:llng tl>.at ' . ' ~ \

baman surtor1Dg, it boato all. A.>d tho record ot tho dip~olt&tio domaroheo ot thAt . ' :. period (which I got ttom Prague) read• liko third dogroo, like. pad gt.!1gs"..ar b lo.olmii.Uing. CEooboalon.!d.a. will or .o~:mree go FaGcist. it h!A.o to ;md it is only a q':leetirm. or ll'eeko • • ~~ . I am not ouro tho.t a.:,,....,.i;n: Oh.:..&,t'\borlatn · ~)a:~ not cso weakened

democraC"J i..o Europo .. ;tlw.t. domoeraoy titsolf ,l'lill p~~iGh horo. And no-.., hu io

starting on Spain, It ha.o cvido,tly bcon do o i~.olo~ivo m>n' t

doatroy tho P-opublio,. thon h~g'lr ·.-1111. Chamborl.ain hac: oloo.rly put ol L\G3 intero~_

above tho lntorosto ot: dGmora<>y 1n P"rttoul.tu" N>d lwll>anity in gonernl: ho hAo

own forGotten nbout tho Britl:ah 2Llpiro in his de-to1"'Ci.J:l...ltion to rentler t.e.der to tho

tlio+.o.torc w":&.t io not theirs. I hotiO that H" his z;ovurn~t~nt continua.: in po\ror,

if F rOJ'lC~ oontlnuea to be ruled by 00',\tl.rd.:. or ONO'!<:s, .A.-aerica. Will build n.

Maginot L!no a.rotmd all i t!) coacts and zo in~o total ~. SOl!l+.ioni!!m . iS 'Thor" !':'3-y

be no h.o?• o~ oo.'V"int; Europe, bl..-t damoora.cy must b

13 ovidol:t th&t 'ltar i taelt io bettor t ha.n Fasoi.,., ond this <>von for the u!t>p1a

pooplo w!to do n<>t ca.ro a.bout politioa or 1dool <>~oa. Uen juot etu>'t li-...

Ulldor Pa,_3e.:i 3!11 it they boliove any or tho docoot \l'Orda. '.l'hu rc.rugo6s O.rt) pte.!.n

p~oplo -- f'a:nnar3, reachanio:., shopkeop&r:s, h-'tH;o:wivou -- b'Jt th~y l..-now f or

.. i.n:st&l'lco that thel"'' ia ·a.. ~oat dit"for()nc& bGt't:oen be~.n3 t\ r.en and be i n~ Cl.!l

o.n.l"J&.l -r:~1o my noither thi.nk n or tal!: no!" £j)el ::13 ho do ;;i!.'OO:e

I am eo a.nc:7 and go ti1.::~urtod t'ht.t I tool a. l ittto dtl:od. I hn.to qo~·~nrtl ioo- a::d

I hAto br"tality e.nd I hAto li••• /UJd thio h llhat wo """• a.ll tho tl ~.&, nll ovor

tho plt\COe -\nd of' tho$d th-1r'J)O , rno.:,'be th~ 11ea tlr& vorot. Ucr.r !!1tlor huto !l.)t I the otand&r.! tor tho wo~ld , a.nd truth h rarer than rt.diiDo

PU&.. r;ift "'7 rospoota to Ur, !l.oooonlt. I':Ul you toll !\1m tlo.at ho 1a ~ · a.boct tho only r:an \'lbo conti:>u.o to ~ respected b7 hoiWct po?pbA Ris ,..,. ahilloo I out ot this corruption e.nd dle&oto~ , o.nd tho holplooo pooplo ot C coohooloftlcia.

loo'lc to :U.-n to e&VO tho thingo· thoy "Oerli!> ' pi"'ud to b e ..,.rie&l>•.

I send you oy love e.nd wi&h :ol!lOcl&y I eould =ito you a lottor not like thih llut; -t 1e thore' to do , it you aron't blind, "xoopt burn with ango~ I mot & lot ot po?plo ay-cr.rn o.~o • 1n Pro.g1:o , peoplo ll.ko .,.,; wrihro and an:hitocta, ""dle&l atudonts, youns lo."'YY=-• • I ao'cod tho::1 w~t t ho7 ,..,.. goinr; to do . 'lho7 looked at a:o and """""'""' wao quiot o..'ld than 0108 ot tho:n pid1 " ~ ha"" no !l>oney &.'>d it ..., had monoy, whore oo•Jld ,,., r;• • ·:/o ,.,11 m>.it hero," lind

• o.nothoi' oaid, "i''o Trill \fait for tho concentration <""'!'••" And ot eou:ooa , thoy 1.aro 'only eaying l'llat 1D tn:o. Well, I oM' t bear it. I ctUl boliovo in tho t'inO wrd.o, too.

eo.ro Q:fl""""""~''l'l Guue.nt;y Trust Co . 4 P1aeo do la Coa.oordo Psrio •

THE WHITE HO'USE WASHINGTON

November 2, 1938

ll8mo tor E. R.

'l'he ?resident bao retod. A.!ITI-IUZI RBPUGEES IN CZEOHOSIOV.U:IJ..

. Thua ~ar, there . is no central Czech government a~tho r~ty haadl1ng the Anti - Nazi re~ugee problea. RefQgee ho~es are run by the Sokol and the Red Crose, land by privata charities. The I ref~aes are registered by the Czeoh poli ce, and ordered ta return or allo wed t a remain in Czeohaalovakia on police authority. The ~und a o~ the ra~ugee organizations are running low, already in v~rioue parte o~ the country the refUgees are inadequatel y ~ad . They live in aWl.ool.e, factories, old age boasas, private apartments , under conditione of groat overcrowding, sleeping on ' straw , so111etimss with blanksts, sometioas without, eating when and us possib le. They have l eft their hollies in great haste, with empty hs.nde. It ia c ertai.n that individual charities cannot continue to ~aed , clothe and house the rafugeea. To tba re~ugees , however, ph,ysioal condi tiona are of mi nor importance . The vital matter is safoty; they know that they canna~ safely return to the German occupied areas. There have been varioue o rders concerning t heir deportation. At one point the Czech gov ern111ent all owed Anti-Nazi re~ugaes who were in danoar of their lives in Germany to re~in for 14 dlys in Czechoslovakia : a a these refugees have neither money nor pass­ porto, there was no way for them to find another home. A further Czech Government bla.nket orde• gave all refugees from Ger:nan occupied territory 48 hours to ret urn t o their homes. The results in peresc~tion of returned retu3eee were eo disaatroua that local agencies are not eager to continue carrying this order out . The refugees theasaelves st ate simply that they would prefer to 2 . be shot in Czechoslovakia. This blanket order has been te:llp-

orsri1y and uno!!ioia11y suspended. But ths Czaoh gover~ent its31t ia obviousl y not a !rea agent in handling the refugee question. There is first of all, Nazi political pressure, demand­ in~ the return of anti-Nazie to iGarmany. (Czaohs, living in Garman occupied territories, are denied by the Garman authorities the right to migrate into Czachoalovald.a. A good case in point ' is the Czeoh Skoda workers who no" live in Garmany and must obtain passes to cross the road to work in Pilsan. ~ass man naturally not speaking or reading Garman and baing moreover De:noorats wish to live in Pilssn. But when they try to gat across the new frontier, even without any possession whatsoever, only tald.ng with tha:n their families, they are refused permission A curious individual system of hostages has developed. A man .,...... -.:r may uross to Pils en to work but his wife... remain in the German territory. His wife may cross to shop in Pilsan but the man must remain in the German territory.)

Besides the Nazi political pressure, tbe Czech government] i s t~ced ~ith a serious economic problem in connection with r~f~des . Already it has been decided to form labor camps for une~loyed . The refugees would s well the alarmingly increased roll of unemployed. With 4~ of the metallurgical industry gone , 6~ ?~~ ot the brown coal lost, 63% of textiles end paper, 35~ or chemical manutaotura etc. lost, tha Czech govarnoent is naturally hard put to it to know what to do with the workers !ro:n these industrios. Originally, 1t was decided to send Czaohs back to the oooupied territories, in case ot a tutura plebisci te; and notably there was an attort to rst~rn Czacha • • to those sr~as which Germany had seized, over and above the Barahtesgardan proposals. Now however as it is obvioua there I I 98 also Ozeoh workers are being dismissed will ~a no plebiscite, I :t'rom their jobs in German occupied territory, as also Czeoba 9n the grounds that they are Czechs, are subject t o persecution I the government is not returning its own national.S wholesale to Genlall1"• The care o:t' the government natllrally tends to be directed primarily to its own re:t'ugees and those citizens who o:t' the liv~ in Ozeah territory and are unemployed as a result ann&xation. The problea of thousand~ of Anti-Nazi Sadetens, Jews, German and Austrian exiles is a too severe a etrain economicall;y to be borne in permanence. Thirdly, there is a growing tendency towards Pasoi~ are anti­ in C~achoslovakia • as was only to be expected. There Jaw demonstrations in Prague, people who speak German are insulted on the streets, and a general feeling o:t' hostility to all Garlll8ns grows. This reaction is of ooi.U"se artificially fostered by the press and by German agents, but it is obvious that Czechoslovakia oan only continue to exist with the compliance o:t' Germany. Therefore refugees are regarded publicly as something of a menace to the welfare o:t' the state. '- Czecboslovald.a very definitely does not want any more minorities I at all• and refugees are regarded as a minority. The fact that th& great percentage of thalli are Cz&ch citizens cannot now help them, and they realise this is not the fault of the Czech gollarnment. It is impossible, since there is no central governmental ] authority oaring for refugees and since the refugees ere in a ...

"· state of flux back and forth across the frontiers , to get any definite figures on the number of bums~ lives involved. Tbere are at present ten thousand • Austrian and Reich Ger.un exil.ea in Ozechoal.ovakia, These peopl.e may be said to b~ 1n i.mm.ediate and grievous danger, Sllch refU8eee who had bee~ l.iving in Sl.ovakia are al.ready in fl.ight from the l.ocal. authorities, trying individual.ly to ,find food and means of eaoape, In Bohemia, they are still aDowed shelter but the funds to care for them are almost worn out and they face hunger as well sa the imminent danger of deportation. Many of them have been in concentration cllmpa in Germany, li!any are under sentence of death, None of them left Geroany except as a last resort, in order to save their livos. There are entire families; thor~ are individuals who have l oet t heir :tacilies, being unable to rusintain any contact with Germany, They are constantly shut­ tled from pl.ace to place and from home to home and live with the steady terror of being sent back to persecution. Individual oases may clarify this aitllation, In Praglle there is a four r ooz apartment where eighty young Geroana eat and ~~ sleep. They have sollp twice a day and dry bread, They are all in their twenties and early thi rties, tully half of them are women , Not one of them wollld go free on return to Germany, A girl of eighteen, a Sudeten from near Marienbad, esoa:;>ed with the last train into Czechoslovakia. She was a ehopgirl and i n her spare time an organizer of the Anti- Nazi Youth movement . In these oocupied regions the Honleinists had ever.rwhere prepared black lists, of those people who wollld be oxeolltad im=ediately the Nazis cam e into power, Her nam9 is 5. second on the list. Another girl, ~ stenographer from Berlin,

had been in Prag~e almost a year . Previo~s to that sh~ had passed three years in a women ' s prison in Germany. As she stated I I in her offica, ~ in ~ some arg~ent , t hat she believed in freedom, it was decided that ahe was a commUnist agitator. 1Having had

three years (wit~o~t tria~ in this prison, which is famo~s because non• of the women is allowed to talk at any time and the puni•hment is solitary confinement in cellar cells, she is now faced with the danger of deportation. Her family was denounced also, for no evident reason, and are also refugees in Czechoa­ slov!Ud.a but she has not been able to find them. A young man

ot t ~enty-eight who worked on s social democrat newspaper was , also there; he had spent two years in prison and said that two yeors was enough:hs had taUght himself Bnglish in prison and

that was fine, he said, but as he had escaped, ~e would be

killed on returning to Germany, and then it wo~dn ' t help much that he had learned English • ••• The stories can be multiplied

without n~ber . These people are without money or passports, and helpless. There is not one of them who has not some trade 'and dOOd work habits, they !13-ve none of them in any wsy violated , th• ir posit ion as guests of the Czechoslovak Republic, while in exile, Their demand is very simple : they would like to live . The new refugees are of all kinds ; there are Czechs, Anti-Nazi Sudetens, Liberals, Social Democrats, Jews, Catholics, Communists ~, and people who have privately incurred the wrath oz the local Henleinists. Czech state employees are prominent amongst the r e!ugees 1 anyone who worked on the railroad3, in post o!!ices, in the gendarmeries, or !orssters, etc. is trying 6. to get out o:t the German occupied area. These r etagees wars being returned to Germany, erratica11y but steadily. How there has been time for many who were once deported to escape again into Czechal ovalcia and tell their stories : moreover the second wave ot Czech refugees is coming in, with their stories. There I are four ne~ oonoe~tr~tion camps in Sudetenlaad; two near

Carlsbad, one near Elbogen and another near Eich. Sb.ops are o:t cours e alread;r 1118rked : H~re is a ~usinese. Likewise houaee are marked : Attention, hare lives a Ozach ene=:r. Czech women, for no other reason than that they are Czech, are :forced to clean the garrisons, city halls eto., under the inordinately brut~l supervision of Henlein women. Non Nazis are afraid to go out in the daytime. Pood is already rationed. The persecutions, j I great and small, are c~rried out by the Henleiniats and. the Gestapo agents, and though the Re ichswehr does not participate, it does not halt these actions. Anyone who went to the refugee homes along the Czech­ Geroaa frontier could collect, :trom individual stories , the entire picture ot the persecution. Since in every small village, , the Kenleinists know exactly who was non-Nazi, the persecution is very thorough. At the least, it is a question of caterial ha:dship (confiscation ot live stock, property eto. ), at the wo~t it is physical brutality or death. These people, the new refugeea, also make a simple demand : safety and a chance t o work. They have lost evarything 1 the: had, but they are willing and able to start over again, but what they cannot accept is to be returned to territory where they have no possible security.

J 7. The Czech government has no desire to make these inoocent people suffer but they are evidently unable to handle the problea alone. Unless the treatment of Ozecha in the Ge f oan oooupied are~s changes, there will certainly be a continuing large number of Czechs who wil1 escape back into

Czechoslovakia. But aside from these (there are 8501 000 Czeohe now absor bed into Germany), the Anti-Nazi Sudeten Germans and the Jews from the occupied territories present a grave problem. I At a roU8h guess, there will probably be between 150,000 and 250,000 of these. It is not possible to swear to any figure~ , however, at the present time . The injustice of this situation and the mass human suf!~riog involved cannot be overempha~zed. ~oreover, it- is I not a problem that can be dealt with at l eisure. These re,fagees I aro ror the most part temporarily sheltered in Czechoslovakia, I but tomorrow or next week, the expulsion order may be reinstated Either because Hitler demands it, or because the Czechs cannot materially maintain refugees, or because public opinion will have been directed !rom despai r to hatred of all foreigners. This is also not a quastion which can be handled by privnte charity 1n foreign countries. These refugees will have to be moved from Czechoslovakia and private charities are incapable or obt aining visas, even if they can guar antee some material. support for the refU8ees once they are moved. Finally, the German inspired press censorship in Prague is such that it is impossible to send the straight story about the r efugees out of the country. The censorship grows more rigorous every day, impos~ silence on criticism of Germany I s. and Nazism. This, also is not done t hrough the desire of tile

Czech a~tlloritiee.

This story bas no place probably i .n a report, but I 1

shall add 1 t nevertheless. I went to a re:tugss home in Prague;

it 'NBS poor and crowded,· ~ith mattresses piled \against the wall, I and people sitting about as they do, tragically -.iting :tor 1 nothing. At a table were about :fourteen yo~g men and women, tllay were looking at a map of the world which they bad taken

:fro~ a geography book. Th~y were looking to see where they could go, what oo=try remained where a man coul.d keep his :freedom o:t conscience and l.ive. They were silent . They knew that the great democracies were not opening their :frontiers to them, they knew they were welcome no place, t hough they had committed no crime against society. So they sat and stood arowtd the table looking at the map. Then one of them put a finger on a t iny colored patch :

Nicarag~.

"Have yo~ ever heard anything about Nioarag~ ?" he said, No one answered b~t t here was a vague murmur of "No . • I He sai.d, "Maybe we could go to Nicaragua; maybe we I co~d work there and live and be sate, maybe Nicarag~ is a I democracy. • I G-- G-o ax . 1"151 ...... ·· uJ

Dear Kartr:

I AOt olllJ' rea4 JO&U' report but I gaw it to tha Preal4.,.t. I hope tha dill wUl. ccm.e ...tleo you can write sa110th1ng that will not The make one roall~ real ...~ to re.4 tt. pity IIDd horror or all tho!le poor pooplo - 1 t Ja really appall.tng.

I ratl:or thJok you eboul4 co::>e j&aoa bororv l0l:l8• Yon con't go on rora•er In tho at:ao9]lhere you he.va booll 11 v1Dg to. I enw your 1110tbor 1D :uuour1 not l o::g GzP e.D4 slll) oo.td you ..,ra 110\ plalllltllB to come hot1e e.D1 IIlia waa pl.allD.i.Dg to go to you. f!owe'far, tbat YJill not give you the tbJnlc 1B t.ltlloot cb~o or ntllloapbere tbllt I choull1 a nocaaa1ty .

ntck l a ""rld.llg vo:-; ~4 but I obaU g1"" her your report to read ns I Inlow aha wUl ba lllterea~ . I os atra14 - are a lODt! 'ti8J' rrca 'eZ!7 real security in tbe world but it ta cur1ou. that, in apt te or that, we all go on no. year to 7aar w1 tb the hope tbut &0188 dill things w1ll improve. Mreot1onatal7,

Wiu Kartba Cellhorn c/o Guaranty Trust Co. 4 Place de la Concord• DD Paria, France

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M r fnr ~ w hi.lt :tnd t,-i(d 10 look u Luggage II f wert w~iting for :~ hu•. T hen \\ :t.lkr~l p."l>t che J,,.,, IWict, " mll:ind for Gifts •lf ptdtt\1. I kepi wKhiug ( h;~d n' l lnttl 11\)' 01llcor glo ...e :md ch;u I didn'l h.l\'c four U\'W) j)!'lpti"S., sqwbl•cd n(l :1ncl naf­ Ocd unJ cr In}' ou•m, :~,n ,l th., t "'>' t1.:~ir wasn't h.1 nging cl(jwn iu suins~. :~ ml that it w~n 't s-• w ill :~ nd 1':\W 11111• •1\Ct.: t• all, r S.1id tn lnJ'klf' m illinn ~ ()( fll htt pt.oplt do thit t\'o:tt d:&y. ' ll..d, 16M, J~nt r.fiU •f ~/(,_, '"" (ttfl, l·r.lt Sn lh.: n 1 w t tH in. It jo:ti•l ''Nurc h· t'rn Uni,•er-.:tl ll:luk" i" ,Ji;o.et't'tl hr\•tlU un che o)oor. 'l'l.e fnyer b:td ~ t;rt':\1 ship's l:Jntn n h:mt:ing (rnm tht c-e il ­ ins. Then dwrc wn•c: lots n( ,·:trpc"t!l :uul lots of wi•k, can·,·d tl \:sk, , p;~nr ll t•tl w:all.s, :tnJ bnwls of llowt't'S.. I n t ho: nrxt rnnm Wn'c VllliC C:li!I'S 11\!ll'kt'J uc:~sh• iCr " :md this !llld th!lt, hul this uslr C(•mmcrci;JI aSiltt't W:t!i ign nrC"ol :. .. much 11111s.:t•r,.,JW,u 1, ''*t·~rt.o •i"t ., a~ 1)(1sMMc. Sc.·vcl':tl 1)C~1plc, hnth uui· {1r tl Jl

~ l:tlmtt'pt tIr)'i Wni\:;tH c\k-..J ttoohi nkvpc hnnw"" muc :\C'Cuh umuut. uerI'!::======~ L I h:~d , ~rhl ( wuuol t'I'C'd if they wuuld lih 1nc Or' w.,nt m e in th~: i r b:tnk. Oh, A BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY tht·)' s.,i.l, ..ut ?1. 1r. IJevnkr . .. ,\nd th;u ( w:.s britt t; intrOllucerO\'em ent.ll. J os ,.,. r:.tdj·, ~lr". Jnhn:son. who w:l' lhr<·e--acrc lAwn, ~Au tUull y land· 1 11 IICAJX!d, w ith Or'('hftrd., l<'nnltl COUJ'l :\ (ri..·nJ ro f snine, lu d ol~ f\'c:J th:u ;md p:irktng I~C('. ~n by ap· tht'ir' lr.tnk W;.'IS ri:.!hl Mnuncl tltc cnrm·r t'IOinunent or d,•~~erlflli"e fol\k>t' ' •. •· c •<"nl on requea-l. frot tn where ( lived . •rvtrs. Jo~h n~m" ... w:as t hn t wrimn on ;1 r.,•l. I "''i"'d t , w~.~~ ,~' ~~~~l H&W ~?.,R ~!t Chr ,.. I'U 1 w:a.sn 'c ~:;c)i n& tft set P.'lrs. J uhus.m inu• ~ ~======. I ··~f t • :mr lmuhlC'. \ Vh:H kitld uf .m "ccouut wtlldt.l 1 • • SOMEWHERE thtrt It a bllyu for your lik<". s.,i,l ~ f r, Ut'\'t'fl(')'o lt·:mi n~ loow:ll'\1 me with cunlltl\ n.:c :uul w:1rm th, I Pf'Opcr1yl find him thn1u~h diun' t k n!IW, f h..11J pt'c~iuu ..ly :li.'l!l11f',l PREVIEW$ INCORPOIIA TED I~ P'V.JIOIt~le llwut "unc: tlll>llt.' f• :.uul tlwn with ~rt· :n '{IC'tJ you wrt•tc C'hecU '""l thr munt')' lA J iS.1j\J"IC:i l'td. T h:n \\':l~ my itlc:~ !l.lof.-ll Rnlln ceo. r h:tJ llt'Yt:r, (I( (l'llll'&l', ,Jc:tlt with b.'""' whic:b b~d Aowcrt a ll f'l vtr ... the plxt' • \Vo1ultl my :accuunt be con·uncr'cbll ICO ThtJc•s jun me, I Vt' tHllrt'.l 'l I'm twt \C'f)' cotntlkhOl. I nK.ln, I'm u~>t. :aw. (ully , ....,:It rflflllfhf(r'. J ....·:a·~ walm~, hnwn,·r, ,,, '"' .w,th~n~ ~ Jr . U.:htky '".,"' li1. ~•·· H,,.,.d,r .., ,t, m~ c.o1ftly tl'l ,1 1 1111 ,l.mht I Wtt~tt.l "'-'Ill n J'l'' l'l'll11 , I J.1lol )'('~. witll ;:r.tt itudc. \\ c 1hn1 ht utdh•ol int" :a o b~1Htt !t •I t"" u.,.~ ,n .. r tlor ol uupl t't•l ol winh't"S in '\r,l.t•uic, ~t. l ... u~"w hcrc I w:KI'II•r u • .tn~ol thr. I''' h,,,l I''"' j,.,,J,. cn·1u inu1 •• n t.1llr, I \\ollltM n't l.nom• win·. I ~·I U•ot )•I , ..1.1 \lr. l"'t H ...\ ' .;a~•ut tnt J"'int:w;J,•n,.: m tr\_... , ••t In) lw~,:ht nhl wr,..:ht, '"'' I "J,.,h,l th.n ;lJl) m in• utt·, \\', ,...,.,'-•· wry b~n,.fr ;'"""-'' th(' we':UIM·r 111 St. l... u rc .-.n.l lh,·n \t :m­ ,,,.,.,.,J •II•, h) • ·"'\ ''·'t!'~ · t•• 1hc "' "" th:u I haol :HI uloli~h ,h'("ol'lllll iu :t t\1 ul: in St. l ~• m i ~o :nul ( h.ul ~ ·rt .,f (, ,,. i(Hth'n nl~m t il lu11 [ thuug!u th\·rc \\ .t~ ,..,. .. ,. lli!HH)' tlh rc :.nJ how di•l p•u to:"' uuuwy 1\Ut "' .1 h:111k if )1111 dicl n't liv(' m thC' tu\1.111 I h..,:hn C" l':.tht·r brtath· llaJII lV ltnlinctJI--• .,, 1.-~s tn.n;.: 1u h.m.lk this rnunnnus t•tQpt' ,,...... , .... "" tt~n'-k h•~on, h••t \Jr. Jk,nlr,· \I. :U l,rd· drt• - ,., .,.•• , ... ,,..., lr ~n·l ,,,.,iJ 1t " ;~' ~ tooll«ti.~ ittm, ;,n.d r.aC'Qti•w •••I•IIM•IC', .,.... .,. )HIU, Jl•b .,. "r houh h -..u·d. iwdwd<- llu r ...,. .. , , I L MW 11 '';a, ,,,.niut: b ... :~ u.~ I C4ml.l brat'A, it• tnllitltolltffl .,.,.. it, ~~~~ ''"lonll) II w;., .1.. tlf...t:"l t'• ,.,.,;,,. ,..,,,.,.,,,.,.~•. Hrt 11'rit r- /fU d t'lHil'l'fl (ul t•• \lr. II\"V• rl•'\' :t'l I•• mil", F irt:~ll) h.: \\'.t~ (olt\'t tl ltJ :. ... k ltn\\' 11Hh:h 111111\\'\ I w,ttlh'•l 1•1 dt'l'lo"'it, l ltq;:.n I•• ti)lt ?fe ~-. PJlN{ m rn r bur, wllidt t":IYC (o •nh '"'" IOf' ll· A ltll\1 1 P'•IW'Ouo ,·d ~, J)i,·rr~ ••f P·'l~"' wtth h·l··rh•m.: nmn· , ....J .. / N "'ooun '•11(-'IUI l~ r... a •flllltU•t, •'II•' h:•lf t• f a tmnh, N•ut" :.ml =- l."if:·'" th· , .t..e•, ,\ liniun' ;tpfM'arc.l a;-,in ;nul t- ::.m (f,.tniu& Ui' a ht•r nlf'. J tliw'u\' ,, ltht1.t' du t\'' uvrlt,lH whith h.e,J d~ k,, :m ol ""''"r) in t.lkm.. I h;tthl• • J tfk-w- hi ,\Jr. nn~rlcy .:tnd f;:ll lurk, tr\ '"~ nnt ,,. '-" t hr.. to n.c-:.t. l " ·ou t( r­ ,. ntlcJ I•• thu• \: h••w l•~hdy Mr. Jlnt':-' .. r A SIZZLING GIFT Ill\, fin:1n ti:ally. •; u··•••l•l ,,,,uJ,•I' c ... d .. ~-~- , , ..,...... ' ;\lr. 11\:Y.- rh) , ho•WrYt"t , wa.< whil\•, L•~.,. ~ £'"H''""• • ~.. , ! , ~l. II\· c••ut\htl mr nh1m·y n•:-1xonlully, ..,,.,.,.,,,._,;, Wioo .., • •~'"' .•J: ·' '"'"'t;l• hr "''w I kn"w it w:.J: s..·:un·­ lr llli•IIC.')' Itt :.11. ruul h..: ,,,!J m.: with ·'! 11\.11 ki11tl t\t~ )UII II C.C IIU n fin c; 1 hiMtl'll ' .. th:.t thrf't.: \~ .IJ. · • !oli' t'\·i..c c h.l'lr&C {ur :IC'­ ,·nunhl wt.~·h tdl hdo•w 6n hmHi rc-d ,f,•llar~. •n~o; n, Itt ('tt\Tt up my .,Jumt, ht- l!d:t'tl me il I 1.\uutd lil.C' lu u"'· thcir ..h~f Jhlnl.t, 1 th•toUt;ht w ith t'(iiC•

lfk' rlt th;ai~Wttutl!t .,...,,,k m•w kcrt theW . '~' IUIOIH'f Nt ~ \t't f\.u~ tlWi:ng tol wh.:111h•·.r ~ c't 1 wlu n• tl!l' c;oMia· fnunt:tin huy ln.l ttM.: '*''"'' •pi•·i1\ ~1 l"''litil.•:t l ;,1, M :uhl ' '"' 111:tn wh••to4 •1d p1:rlunw:o: \\':t';1 p h~ I'~!>• ' 1'thr u( the uld ~;Ch•• •l. J w:ain•d aht• t:.hfC' JiiY(t', f W31 told tu Writ(' my n:IIIIC nn IWtl u ..l c., ,., dwy'd h.uv :~~•t'~tl l I.-It - --·--- lib: a crttnin.al w h&• pl"d.'o('f ®"' n h;, ) thurn~nn tM•nkr-:uJ for t ~fifl.f 11m•• I dNJ nuc n ~wti 1U1~· nl) hand \lo 1111nC · tllftan Fadiman it h;11! t;r••wn "-' uhl, PrC"k tld) Ill)' pc·o - (~o'"»lo •n c.unc up tur jl.h.,iut' mc 11li• • RECOMMENDS- ( :.UuwC"d , \to ith ~~~t•ttlt' tl ..u hc. tll.11 l " "oi:O· :a wr;crr. S.• nl cuun.t- ( w ""'t' t rc;~l,, WOlf AMONG WOlVlS wh:u )nu'd ult ttnpl.))t' 10' U •• • F• Uuh. . ...,.,., •I d or :u,)duns: 11111 JJ ... N' A•f Ji•vfl I julot w r ..t t'. Jl ~oll'' imtn'$1in; , M ,_' "'1''' •• f'tlll lh ·· bt.a hM'· Hc ~n rl •·r ,_,_., :IJ if I h;~o lt uld t.im 11"'I ••'"'" ''" " u,11, M•• ... ~~~ ill h n u ndrl\rnnl."-t"tOtll TAt 111)' !tif~l h.' ti111 1: ( w.1.. :a trl\inHI tt. ol. Ntwl'~rlrr. NO\', 1l, H O,OOO Y14, ( -..,i.l,tldinlct'lr IJ) Mtrir:•l h)' U O\V word•. 2J.OO u\ :. t.:rco~t lutlf tr•• Jt·. Frucn rh1t m• •' THE m' n l i • nc.. rr•l iur•••il• ncc.a.nJ chr ~n l SAGA Of "'"' un hn·ak.n.; n'~' Inc' in w.ah~ fUNK DOvtR I w;~., tivc-n ~ llnt 'm:all (ht'C'kbr-. ol (8( l•".. " " b v('l!"olu,) •• 11 • 11d co ddinc .mol lothl lo olluop in thr P«'V• :mr 1inw, ~•• lh hu llu chu-m I hit flfl lll I .1 ~ 1 um k t' nl) ,.clf w.1ndrring In nu"'ol novrl. lh hum•o•1 I• u •i•nrlr •lut fo( lh:lt b.111k f11t 11n (';I! V UUl(l\ill; _..,,..,. "'~o lf•omf .. ...l01.,n.d,.',' Tir Nov t;~' · t • ,,,- ju.. tu ulk: ol\1 r ttw- 11t'l\ 0<1. 2Z. ZOO,OO'gJ;('d nl)' h'-':td 1il: J).OO stOtcll a liol onu·wh:~ t im.m ..: Cll\lf, :uuf fhiJW'I i'I wtml,l be"''"' .,.~n. 1 1:n..,..,. 1 w,IJ nc• I - fit to li~Y in 2 wurM w-1t h rno·n . I L. n, w ((1) UU MAYO• u•u Ill • fiiiJii'ICC :£ U aJ (,., ••thu t•. 1\., ~ ):, Th• N •w """'by ).1r. lJt","rttq• c-ttm·t,d tnt 111 th • )~.~ Munro Leaf olunr, T ill• .IIM•f llll'lft tMl \H ol . Tl11.' , lliJI'• c ln fl h cu ~n c nttl '" ' w ;l) .- l.nl o.t 111 1h, "" inJ. SAFETY CAN BE FUN "\\'h:.tt1r;&w,t.y." ~11'. u.\C'r nl). l') "llOtJkh IK~Jnclot • -. nrd_ he chtiJcC"n. Thc.y WC"tc a.ln1ply ddichted •• y,.,,.. I ...t,l, ·•,,., , , .. w." :.n.I with lt.'' - fkr-• lfo " ..., .... ftt•d , ('u!ll pJ \.·td)'Siunk~ IIHW ,JH\Io l\ l hf' ""' ,...... "-h tllt• • ••» '• ~t fo·tC . -.\ I \.-11 1.\ G ti,I, II• IM.H ,, p, A, lfOI(U (10,. HIW '0&1( .. lOOKS FROM ALL LANDS AN'TI(;LI)IA)r. tn: I'AKTMt t;.'T :.~;,-r :=:t.tt:.'i': "!.t It·,.• ., .. ,..lww., Ptttl,"' ,., .. ::.. -:-:-J ...... ··-_ ...... """ .. Yo"l -~.:-··...... · lloo .... •"""·- £. l'lt•lf,,, o,,,.,f';,..l ,.. . _,_ ..,, ..... , ,._, ,.. "'\Vc " 'ill livt for nn e: !HWihu . ,.,I I I . "' tt~TtiH!U .\~S f 'U ., I SC".. Vn nt'c,.. t11c w•·· "''"• •• , ... ..s ..~ .t "''"1•Ao t:to, dtdarcd fnvrutly, "11nd f .,...... ~~ ...... ~o.... ~ .... , , ...., :1 ncccuary l wUI do 1hc 4:ootinc." "-"· ·""~· ,.,. ' r am ao gl.a r e co.itl& ~. I •U.l be iD lie• tor' City on the 20th and u ••ry W1Ti cu1 to eee you.

Cun you co• to tea at 2J !ut UtA Strut on t!lat clq •·t 5iJO? It not, I cu -t you .JOae­ ehere co the ~at ror a t••l•• o'clock luoeh.

0 "! ~= Uo rtha G•llhorn , :0 lt!v~rs1llu Drive ~ I :C (: ~1.)-l t>>f tt=- ~ ,, . I J ~ /.1')' if (lA '/,.U ·~,! -Jt)J. , ,), 'r{J,i"' "I ~ J.AJ . / II .,.~' . • j p/1{T -. ·· ~t< , .•• ,.>1 } D....,.l\ Mr.. ~~eo.. ,..u, ..J ~.,.~ ( -:v_.... tf' II \' l 1tll" ~1 .- I pe -.: ~ .laroel- thia •nW>c .....S to~mtl JIIW' l~ter. rt. .-bo"' li'- ' 0 rat"'.. " 1A Oaetaboal~ waa tllll ot terrible thlAc•• .....S I e ~~~ I' b{ a l""C letter a~ tbe tood a1t....tt.n in 8pal.a, with apeoial retiNDOI to olUl.,...lll, tb&t h 'l"ih u trapoo But I WOD1to lot JIOW• lou and tbe l'rweltlent are -.11 lo-..4 ill .th&t oo'111l111')', A'bo...t eo,ooo obl.l.,...ll ar• •t1Ac a balt' a polatl ot -.'bole wh•t broad., •oh tla7, .tor th1a aoatlll eo wlw2 I 'Riltler abo...t ao'boola ...~.a, +.­ tb..,. •7 to .. {-...;y ....,.ri,..,. 1a a rop,.....tat1'" ot )'oiU'I in their .,...) "'i&Dy tb&Dit:a, IUld ..,,. cre•t1J~~I t or the Pro.. it!Aint and. tb.e s• .., ...... ,..lt.• fb.e,. &lao

""'- draw p1oturea, beo&uiiO with ,,_ toocl I.a. th• (that' 1 all t.be tood they ban toe tbe7 t ..l Wt"f 11... 17 and hApp)'l ao they -.lt:o wondort'Ul piotu... a ot U.o lfuakoro

- who d.ietr11Nte thia toocl - I.a. tb..1,. hool.a, wlliob 11 oalled tho Wbl.to Bou•, and tha p1oturea ..,.. aicnotla Para al l'reeid.lnte Boo ..,.u, JU&Dito ~...ndea, 10 an.,., fhoro 1a •- oontudon• aa to wtlo h God, wbotthar 1t 1a tb.e "'UtJtwra, or tha S.d c,.. .., or tb.e lfbl.te llouae, or' the RootteTdho B...t all they kn~Y 1a thAt God ..udo tb- br'lado fb.e ohildrell ...ti"' tbeae hUCI bUDit:a ot dry b,..ad •• about tba only happy tb.1Ac I aaw, 1 -• 1n ..;.rioua aohooh dur1Dc airraida and tiM ohildren -1to4 p&tiently an4 eadl7 tor it to tl.aiah, booaue wtil tho raid.f t1n1abed they would not pt t!Mir 11...-d. So it coelo I -ot yet W>tiAir'atand wtly there auat be ao auolo

•urt•riJII· . I aball Genl' be .. cood ~te .., tb.o hu.n ~1 OID&PU -· Booauao nit!Ail>tlf, tho Mn I.a. tiM plano• ban .taa.ilpe too, aDd tho ...., who oink the tood abl.r • h•n ~liu, and tho MD. who J'U1l a ._.. han aone who can o.lao ,.t ldlle4, b1.lt none ot tb.h .._. to ba-.o &n7 Mrloua ethot upon behartoro

I 1.'lall be ~ lie.-bar 20 and "r"f r;lad ot 111, 1 u tired in the head. there 11 110 ....,. t .... tba 'IIOI'ld and bow it ...... at loalt 1 d0111 t kn• tb.e Atl.allt1o •me •• a butter' and ona will not - 10 ...oh or t11l 10 pilty abo...t it, i!Ot tlanp.roue thi"& 11 to Ilion •Y"•• J.-tta,.., Yith a p&ir' ot 0711

,..... -... ba pntt;y 1111'1 ,011 rill ao11 ban auoh ret\ ot poaoe. War it•lt, war ill tbe t..-boa ~ .. &JW~tl ..,, 11 ot oourll batl o.DOap, b...t it 11 a olro111 ~1'14 to •

t M Mlpltu J pe l11'1JIC 1JI dl toMo 'betw.. Cstobo &Ad O.JWAA;y, and the belpltu

oollt&ry .,. oaucbt up 1A the s)wt. etl;y ••biury or the o011oe11\ratloa oup, &ad. UMo I .....,.. eooatho old bablu '111 th rlobh or t . b. 1a Baroeloll&, 1 do not t blnk cl&nctr h

terrible &ad I - DOt ourt I tl\11111: IU4dtn d•th 1t terrible - it at l •et 7011 &n

t 1cht1JIC &t;!liDit •-tJUDc that alee• lldnc •1•1•11 •• but lonoly port~outlon and

ot&nat101D and t ho to&r ot tho _ ., &lont 1D their tll.ao;y houaoo with ~bt ob1lclnl>, 'll'htn the llicbt b.. btre oo• onrt - n, thoot th1Jlco .,.. too bt.

I t JOU lw.n tU. to ott -. I would lo'ft it, Ul4 porhept 70u oould otnd u a note to Ill)' brother' 0 houoo at •ta lli'ftreido Drin, lt you clid he-.. tU., lly tho • ;y, I •• tho oo,.. etohil:l&• louie lluintdilla h br1nc1Jlr; ..,.r to you and what wortdere they are, It h a r;enulno 11110tloD ....~ not a t o..-1 rtatt suture to r;i'- thotl plotW'to to you. Juct.. a.ow 1D &uropo, all t he t llu, ooe 1e w r1 proud to bt

I do hope I o&a tot 70u. My pla111 &reo •r;uo• l'hat I bopt tor eoor. thea &nythlnc

11 to £0 b&alc: to Couu.otlout .t ur oh: 100ntho and do a book:. It 110uld bt wOlld.rtul to write a r;alll and to lit ot1l1, WODdertul and talrly ne oeo•ry• What do> you

1\lppo tl blttorl&aa '11111 .alubt U they ...Ul be able to rtooaetruot lt or btlltn 1n U, it h t oo tallt&otio, Ul4 lt £On too taet, but I ohoul4 tiWik: tho Dart: .tr• 11111 .-oa -l1t;btt4 1n ....,_,.ito...

1 do> look: to~4 to 01e1Dc yov1 i t JOU &l't aot too buey. Alw,;ye dewtecUy•

IL\1 l• 0 .-\

Pario Doo.-btr I I

\

!lios 'l&rtha Oollhorn 440 ~ver a l d e DriTo New York ~J . y .

C..n :.a c;t yo·t twel ve o ' clock fl'ca:.4!Bdl\f "l Hot t-l !'U L10n ror lunch I r yo I c •• r .. ~0 :unch Qa rly

£l~ an or Roosevelt ~ . ~~

II. ~0 ~... ,.t-"- ~

· ~ ~ /)~ ,.... ,..... t:,~,.,_ ~.,.-r. /<-/ /1,;:7- ~ Ad-1> ..;:, f'- ~- ~ · ~ -fP ~ o-- G- ,,.&, ,. .#.£._ _...tt...~ .v~ ~~~LL TELEGRAM Wq£ ~lfih JilnuS£ ~~ 10 IVU JU llOpm 34 DL 3 ex New York, Dec. 22, 1938. Mrs . Franklin D. Roosevelt: Terribly disappointed t o have oi saed seeing you Boat was day late. Will you have t1me l at er and w111 you let me know Have saved up n1ne months conversation. l!erry Christmas. Devo­ tedly. Marty, 440 R1vers1de Drive. , ·-- • J •• , l ~

~ r\ •• Oeare.lt. J.~ro . Roosevelt: 1,\ ' .

Y9ur lettdr made me very ~PPY· lt was a kind of de coeur avec voue , um1 \Thj,l. you say aQout. tha Neu t.rallty Act 1a whAt. , ror a year ueelng ~ . 1-4"'-· . lt; work one- s1<1edly in Sp!lln, we h&ve"' thoughtA Xast·ord.ay , the po.pere a say, tho ~ ct was coml~ up for ~v181on and we do not yet know wha\ tJ,ppened. 'ife are asked by everyor.e and we aak eactl other. and we walt tor the news. Rlght no·..,, the Neut.rn11ty Act 1B of ihe groat.oet. 1 :~portance . Becauoe the t1ght 1e far from loat here ; but mate'rJ.,a.l ie 'eadly needed. The much brass.ed of ltal1o.n adv8..nce to the sea wao . I done with plat'IOB an.d artillery, against brave rr.en wbO were lnadequat~ely ' ' . \ l· armed. Whole Ut& dlvlelona ( amongst tbeaJ the AmeriCan Brlga.do) I we re ourrounded and cut orr. and rousht the1r way throush t~~ Fascists, back to ~overnment tcrrltoryt rotor~ed th~1r lines and !ought again,

again to be eurroundud, aga1n to tight their way through and reform.

The rn111Lary h1otory or the period of thO war otnco GL~dessa, on Apr1 l 2, ie a .story ot a:en oviU.,.,httla:.ned bY plAnes e.nd gun~. who never ea.w ene111y infantry, but who have somehow managed now (,;,p;1l 24)

to. r e for m o.nd reoraan1ze their llnoa and calmly t oerenely and

~ "·term 1r.edly carry on. thoro haG b6en neither po.n1c:: nor d1aorder,

na lt ~~r ln tho reaC -- Barcelona -- nor at the front. A roLreat ~ b~tore 1 mposa1013~ar~amenta ~as carrlod out wi th order, and th& line oaw holdo. Even the re tugees -- and thoy loavo hoJle often 'lf1.th. a soall bundle wrappod 1n a handk3rchelf, a~ndonn1ns everything' to

aet out.-are qulot ~nd patlont on the ~am roada, neither hyster1o~l nor dramatic, but o nly d., t.cr;uined not to l ive where t'he Faec::1ata rula ..

'Juat bef o~e the Fa.aciats reached the eo·a, I waa out on tho road ·.,~~ natct.ed •. ror r~y :11 l nutoa twol v& !>lack Ger mo.n plfioes, f lylnf) in a ·perroet circle, not. varyln,a th81r poel.t.1.on, f l ying end b ombing; end

~1v!ng to machine gun: and thoy were wor~lng on one company or Govornc.ont aoldlero, who had no planes or o.ntl.. e.lrcraft to protect them. 1

but ~ho were ote.nd1ng tbcnt, h.ol dlng up the Bdvance ao aa to per~l~ an

orderly retreat. That o~e day we watched thlrt~ three e1lver Italian

bombers t'ly 1n wedgeo over tb.e mounta.ln:i aorooo the h~t cloar ek,y t.o

bomb 1ortoeal and.an)~hdra and everywhere 1e proof ot tho huge ,

aGount or new ~at&r1al aent in for th11 drive. and everywhere 11 .I:. •: ' • 1 t pioof ot tbe unbending ree1ato.nce ot Loy•llat Spaln. But to penalize : •·· ~~·~ ,:. f.•' ·'l !'.. ~ J ,I',j, -ti': • • +. ,, , I' ~· J,.., . .df· ~ · ~ ! l~· ~ "r ••-:;;::;• II!::0:1:::111'ZIIiiii1JI!::i!i:• w ,. , . ~.,. 't' . ,. ~ t&"'« r •·t:"*"...:/. .-...-.il~. ~::;.. t»n,.,.:.,. h•, L ,;~~ .. . .;r · .,q,.,a , .. ' .. '. ,......

belhve what. •.:~e W l le ve these people , who are our kind ot people and " to~ grsnte4, •••~ unhe~r4 ot. ~no ~~nt a kl nd or aootety ww tak. craot.1c Qu~ '-1 1.1 or I lUI aoatn 1caPreeeed 'by the unoh. .. koably d u1o • r.&411.CS, t.htlr n•••;M& s-r=, l..OY!illlt ~po. ln , t.alklno ttltn 4el Vayo 11te aa 11.. ~ooa on see1ns tho troop• an\S tho ottlc:era , "at.chlno here . h&VIJ t ·O do &W1.)' wlt.h proud.a or the n.uq.n -.nl mal. Fr anco "'111 ~· cculd ev. r rule thla country. &~out twenty •1111on SpAnia~a before rbn 1 p ho~oe Gnd Now , tor lnot.aneo, new plnns aro ~foot. tor oh1ld "!J!'>... ~ · one th1nka in terca or t1:e1 but 1n ter~a or the boap1t~la, and no .. . tho por~so on, an4 future or Spain. The a1r ra14t , l atoly only on houao S1.1nd&7 ~:aorn11' tbe a1ron wblnea over tbe olt.y • . We were 1n a oovle I t had been running t lve m.lnutoo seeing tho Span1ah Earth (remember{) announc.ed aplogotlcally t \(ben lt n lckered to e. atop. A oan' 1 voice people thero, A.nd "There 1 8 M a.ir ra. ld . " Thoro wer e a.'oout a thousand l"..ave to soe wbllt Wy boab6 have t'allAn all over thla city e.nd JOU'd know what deetruotlon l a eon 4o xkt Within a rAd1uo or t l vo 'olocka t.o . Pres!!lln:ly llke . aut no one in th:lt. t.heat.re •oved, or pat~loked llr\th em ~\1. ~ft.~r t.h.at tho orchoatr a app<~ ar ed and pla)'ed tho natlon(ll very runny l ndotd and a aeleetlon ot tlne~:o~~tlc puo1c that sounded tho eloet.rlclt.y we nt. on over}·ono cha.t.t.e4 Md "4.lted and :t!tttr •n hour t. f l vo thore ••• mother apln and ao dld the tile:. Tbla morn1r.g 2 /'\ city, and then o1ren rlo b ng 3.nC ralllns and. wo.111na over the 1ng up $nd O.ndlng ~~ck against. the night sky the eearcbl1Qhta cl1 m~ bullet• tro: the ontl ~ircratt ~inet. the clouds, and the tracer eoorehl1sht.o cra.wlo4 tlowly &olns up like hot red ~ara. ~d tho o..J..- ded over tbo clty and. aaal nst tbe clouds e.n4 the ...... _ alrcre.rt. pOUn ' tln •alkl nB down tho Btroet., olnglng when 1~ "as All over, I heard a village before dawn. to h1meelt, end the clty wae ao qu1ot as o demooracl 9• allow how thoy Clln 1010 , unl·tlfl t ho I Co not Dee I 11c1ted auppl1ea. Nelt.hor H1tler and Uueeollnl to co~tlnue eenJ1n5 un l acJ.1f18, 1 but lt 11 not. •an pol•or nor 8'o111ty no~ c1otorm1naU.on aro one de.ocracy and a tlght between Spaniards, it la a flaht ~tw een t o h ea.ve n th3t. a throe Faeclsml. And so ~ e alt. hero ond hope " • 111 gulde t~ Houao aenee ot Ju3t1Ct a~ a OODit ot aelt protcctlon be allowed t o buy wlth and Senat o an4 t~t. t ht g ove rn~en t o C Spaln ~ 111 l ta ~ople, i t t lAnd good aold t ho.. tbln&a lts ar.le a ne1d. to 14Ve . treedom • • ot1ll call abd that droll th1na, tnt Ca ~t h ln a k1n4. . or . .''~ ..o • I ' ~· ~... t~ ..;,....- .. :~. . ~ ~ +• ...... _.... -·· ...... ,,. ; - ·-·

deoocr&ey.

I aQ wr1t1no thls by tho ligh t or t\'fO candles, uncerto.lrlty, artor a day out at a quiet part ot the rront . It haa been one or the thtnge to 4o latel y, to go about and tlnd one' s old tr1enia.

To find the ~c so sure, eo unchanging, so excel~ent nnd humoro~s and

elmplo and bravo, l a a good thing t o have kno~n 1n one' a lito. 1 tind myaelt tool1ohly pntr1ot1o about t he ~mer loana -- about halC of the L1no o i n-*aehi~ton Brlg~de is lost since this last puen-- •

I tlnd that I love the~~:~ l au:::eaaura'oly, 4lto tmoesaurably proud or thG .11 1 '. 1nd1v1dually and eolloctlvely, and prou;or 'their record and proud of the r.eo.apns that 'brought., them .here and keep them hero . I never B4W bettor. roen· ln my ll!e 1n any ~ountry; ~nd what the y ara wll llns, to die tor i t need be 1& what you -- in your way and pl&Cd - - are willing to l1ve tpr.

You must read a book by a. m.o. n n~med steer: it 1a balled "·rho Tree

ot Oern1k.a." It 18 about' tbe t i ght of the Baoquea he ':l t he London 'rices man -- &'"'ld no be tter book haa come out or the war and ho oaya

we l l ~ll tho thlngu I ha.v~ t riod t o aay to you the t.imop I qaw you,

after Spain. It is b~autltully wrlt tbn and true, and Cow booka are like that, and rowce otill that deal wl th war. Ploaso get l t .

My plans 8-re uncertain. I ao s taying to see what b8.ppens ne._t..

fhl nga look tloex.. now. ~ the Fascists 8-rG directing ~bol r attack on the other half of Spain s o it is very qui et here , tor tho moment. I ha'J·e . a huge job to do in Cheko-Slovak1a, t:nsland and Franco for Col l1er1 d, and uy dally broad may drive me out for a while

but then I'll come · back. Nhat goos on hero aeem~ to QO very much the

affair of oll of us . who do not ~ant a world whoao bible 1o Moln Ka~pt. I bollovo no~ as much as ever thnt Spa1n 1o f 1ght1ng ou[.b&;t~ 1~/ and w1ll,• not forgot that. nlght w'Mn we brought tho t1ltll"and the President aald; Spa1n 1& a v1ear1oue aacri t 1ce for all of ua ••• But

I think Spain ls maybe not a aacr lflce , but a champion: and hopO to I God that A~e r lc4 at l baat w111 not go on l otti ng ~hla country down.

And you know someth1na alee, t h1a country 1e far too ~autlful for the Faec1ate to have 1t. They h4vo already mad.e Germany attd

Itlay ~ Auetr1a eo loatheeome that even the ecenery l e inadequate, A,v..4_ and avery t1:ne I dr1va on the roach" and aee the rock ~~:ou nta1ne and the t ousb terraced tl~e, and the' umbrella plnea above the beachee, -.. ""::·......

and t •p.. duH colored v1llageo and tbo gravel rlvor ~ads a nd tlut 1 peagant•a tacea, I think: Savv 3?a1n tor decent peop~e, i t's too beaatlful to waste ••• 1 Th1a io very hard work, writing i n tblo llght, and love lwritton enough. I only tall you detal lo, nnd what you think 1a what I thlnk abou~ th1a thing, and all along it hat a>ade ~· prou+o know that you

were alwaya undorotand1ng thia and ~lWays hating (ae we all hate I more and more) thle ruthleaa lnvadlna war. But words are going to do nothing: Fascism has t he beat technique of words• the daring sustained lie , andft works • •• Around now , the peopl e or Spa1n need al~planes .

What a world we live l n artor all: it ~earns auch a ghastly me so that I ~laoo bla~e very heavil y rlsht now on two men, and w' •h~kno w one cannot begi n to pls.co blama. It 1o as horrible enaelaas as;> 11 h.lat r • earthquake a rx1 flood, an~ tbo !aceo or e cnug t in ;jhe 1 l aaater -- the old women wal king o n the roads, wlth heavy bubdloe, walking,. away trom their home a, and ntretchi ng out their opened hinds, wear1ly and desperately, to all cars , wanting only a ride to go, &oQe ,._ place else, away, though t Qey do not know where and they do not care - ­ we l l , one won't forget these faces, over. Don • t know ..-rhen I ,'11 ·be ba:"ck 1n America, have th r';;~- ;~~ ~~~ ·;~r~

over here at the mi ni mum , and alwayo wanti ng to sea how th1nao s o ,' and why . r wlah I coul d have seen you but I lett so rast, after reading

the papers, and anyho~ you were on t he weot coast I think. But someday

!811 r~pe to oee you and t ell you about all thio and oomeday write 1~.

There•a a curioua simil arity bet•een t h~ endurance I saw 1n the I unempl oyed_: a klnd par heroism in peacetime dis~ster -·and thla :

and I want to write lt .Z«~l¥ And thls letter is now like a book and enough or i t . I aend you as always my l ove and admiration, and pleaae

g 1ve my respect s t o L1r . Roosevolt. Always , r '·

Barcelona April 24 or 25

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I I I

A I •

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(Junard kJhi/e S!i7r JU··{~:·~ueenXar.!l" ~;~~- • ·-- -~~~- ' }-~ CJ ~ M.A._ - 1r- ' &.-t '1/"- ~~ ~ ~ ~ . . )~\/'"{ F ~ tv tt:.. ~~ ~ ~ ~

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