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Betrayals in the Nation Union War

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Betrayals in the Nation Union War Short contributions – perspectives on communication BETRAYALS IN THE NATION UNION WAR Constantin FĂTU1, Mihaela MOSCU2 1Prof. PhD, „Apollonia” University of Iasi 2Assoc. Prof. PhD, UMPh „Gr.T.Popa” Iasi Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The Romanian nation, over time, was a friend Romania’s history includes some painful episodes in of many of the world’s people. This situation which the leader’s actions directed at upholding the loyalty occurs during the peaceful periods. During vows made to the country’s earth and to their alliances conflagrations, every Romanian citizen has a have been undermined. There was such an event in World War I, in which officers of the Romanian army were moral and Christian duty to the country, to its involved. We refer to the betrayals of colonel Alexandru alliances, and to the ones who have concluded D. Sturdza and that of lieutenant-colonel Crainiceanu, both those alliances. important officers in the Romanian army and coming from The Romanian soldiers have always been well-known families. Their actions were met with suspicion by the German officers and their betrayal was harshly faithful to the country and they obeyed the approbated, both by the Romanian officers and by the loyalty vows made to their leaders. rehabilitated military bodies, which sentenced colonel After the peace from Buftea, in 1916, when the Sturdza to death in contumacious, military degradation and confiscation, whereas lieutenant-colonel Crainiceanu country’s capital was conquered and destroyed was executed by firing squad. Punishing this act of high by the enemy troops, The Royal Court led by treason represents just one of the many expressions of king Ferdinand withdrew together with the honor displayed by the Romanian army and its leaders army on the left bank of Siret. Meanwhile, with throughout the years. Keywords: World War, army, betrayal. the help of the allied countries, especially France, the Romanian army began an intense In the history of the world, there have been reorganization activity, instruction and many betrayals and agreements with the enemy. endowment with modern arms, getting ready for From a mythological point of view, the first the big offensive which would follow and lead betrayal was the one from the Garden of Eden to the liberation of the entire Romanian territory. which led to Adam and Eve’s exile from Heaven. The Royal Court, the army commanders (the Later, the brothers sell David, an Egyptian marshal Averescu, the general Eremia Grigorescu, merchant. In the old history, Judas betrays Christ and others) together with the representatives of for 30 silver coins. Romulus kills his twin Remus, the political parties (Iuliu Maniu and his assistants and betrayals are constant among the human from Transylvania, I. Mihalache, and the Bratianu species, as if they were trying to prove the Latin family in the Kingdom) were convinced and adage: “Homo homini lupus est.” managed to persuade a large number of people In the history of the Romanian Principalities, of the correctness of the alliances made by the from their formation and a long time after this, Royal Court and the governors. This phenomenon there have been many attempts to undermine the was induced both in the civilians and in the actions of the leaders, a significant situation was soldiers, who have played a significant part in that in which the first Romanian unionist, Mihai the final victory. Viteazul, was killed. In such conditions, of complete abnegation on In the nation reunion war,between 1916 and behalf of the Romanian people and its army, 1918, there have been some horrible events which which aimed at recompleting Romania, two involved important officers from the Romanian superior Romanian officers and their aides, on army. February 6, 1917, colonel Alexandru D. Sturdza, International Journal of Communication Research 73 Constantin FĂTU, Mihaela MOSCU the commander of the 7th Mixed Brigade from of the Romanian army, Sturdza continues to Vrancea, and lieutenant-colonel Constantin publish the manifests, which he gave to the 22 Crainiceanu, betray the military vow to the soldiers who seemed to join him, some of them country and king. ending up in the hands of the colonel Colonel Alexandru D Sturdza came from one ConstantinCraininceanu, who was on Sturdza’s of the oldest and most important families in side and some were given to loyal Romanian Romania. His father, Dimitrie Sturdza, a man of officers. culture, academician and an important political In such conditions, on February 26, 1917, The figure, had been a close assistant of Ion C. War Council sentences Sturdza and his deputy Bratianu, following him at the helm of the to death and military degradation. At the same National Liberal Party and four times prime time, Sturdza’s wealth had to be confiscated and minister, between 1895 and 1909. He was the there were also damages to the state amounting son-in-law of the well-known conservatory to 10 000 lei. politician P.P. Carp. He completed his military Today, descendants of his family require studies in Germany and became Commander of restitutions and other damages. We wonder how the School of Officers before the beginning of the much is worth 10 000 taking into account the hostilities, and after 1916 he was entrusted to interests of the time, which haven’t been paid up commend the 7th Mixed Brigade that was to the present day? performing in the Vrancea Mountains. Lieutenant-colonel Crainiceanu was Colonel Sturdza’s betrayal was premeditated. prosecuted on the same day for high treason and When marshal Averescu asked for his replacement initially sentenced to 15 years of hard labour, from commending the 7th Mixed Brigade, Sturdza thanks to his ascendancy: he was the son of blamed lieutenant Ciulei, who was wrongly General GrigoreCrainiceanu and nephew of sentenced to death and executed. Moreover, in another well-known person, General Prezan. He, one of his king Ferdinand’s visits on the front, however, ordered quashing the initial sentence Sturdza who had already connected the German and judging the act of treason once again. The troops, accompanied King Ferdinand close to the Military Court sentenced him to death by firing enemy lines, therefore exposing him to enemy squad, and the sentence was implemented on the bullets or handing him over to the enemy (quote Holy Friday of 1917. from I.G. Duca). We represent, in copy, the proof of betrayal German commanders did not welcome him and the front order addressed to the Romanian with open arms, but with reluctance, taking into army by the great general Eremia Grigorescu, account the fact that a nation with integrity born in Tg. Bujor, close to the front. doesn’t easily accept betrayals and betrayers. In his attempt to exculpate himself, butting Colonel Sturdza’s Manifest: the blame on the Russian army which didn’t “I, Colonel D. Sturdza, whom you have fought want to fight on the front anymore, Sturdza is shoulder to shoulder, speak to you the following: met by the commanders of the German troops I want to create a new army, well equipped and allowed to try to fulfil his plan together with with war machines and led by kind-hearted another betrayer, colonel Constantin Crainiceanu, leaders. I want us to get rid of what was lost, to who remained in commend of the regiment in chase away the Russian robber from our country the crippled country (Popescu, 2012). and to come back as soon as possible to our Addressing the Romanian prisoners and homes. We will be helped by the two hundred deserters, colonel Sturdza has only obtained the thousand Romanian prisoners, who I will set membership of 22 deserters. Moreover, from the free…….. You have been deceived by deceptive group of war prisoners, the aviator lieutenant words about a national ideal;You have seen, how Cantacuzino-Puscasu ends up in front of the this ideal collapsed because of their ease and betrayer colonel Sturdza, spits him in his face, abjection. Wake up and stop believing the lies rips the epaulets of the Romanian army and they feed you ………… Disavow yourselves tramples them. Despite this defiance by an officer from those who have bitterly cheated on you. 74 Volume 6 • Issue 1, January / March 2016 • BETRAYALS IN THE NATION UNION WAR You have sworn faith to The Romanian Country, Turkish, our enemies for centuries and our not to some villains who lead you to death. present-day enemies. If you have faith in your arm, head and in my In his aberration, the former Colonel Sturdza advice, come immediately to me. I am waiting tries, on our land and through manifests thrown for you in the Vrancea mountains. You will from aviation, to advise you to follow him; he receive signs from me. I will free our prisoners. wants you to do the same using this base deed, Everything is ready. Together with them we will knowing that the more will join him, the better form a new brave army, with God’s help, and we it will be for him will reconquer everything that we have lost, we He urges you to fight alongside the enemy, will reunite what was broken and we will forever promising you heaven and earth. chase out the villain who took us where we are Brave soldiers! Don’t let yourself fooled by the today. words of a criminal and betrayer. Don’t forget Come immediately with your weapons that you have sworn faith to His Majesty, The towards me. King, to the country and to the flag. Let’s free Romania. God will bless our deed. Be and remain faithful to your oath! (…) “ Colonel Alexandru D. Sturdza” (Manolache, 2012).
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