Volvol. AvXVIImI iNoNo.. J3 ^ March/warcn, 196lyoj3 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN S FAIRFAX MANSIONS, FINCHLEY RD. (corner Fairfax Rd), Londan, N.W.S 0//ict and Comubing Hourt: Telephone : MAIda Vale 9096/7 (General Olkce and Welfare for the Aged) Monday to Thursday 10 a.m.—1 p.m. 3—6 p.m. MAIda Vale 4449 (Employment Agency, annually licensed by the L.C.C.. and Sociai Services Dept.) Friday 10 a.m.-1 p.m.

In conclusion, Mr. Dresel reported that there was hope of obtaining new premises for the A YEAR OF PROGRESS AJR Club which, due to its expansion, was in urgent need of more adequate accommodation. The outcome depended on the permission by the Meeting of the AJR Board planning authorities which had been applied for. By the erection of four Old Age Homes, one Home for more infirm elderly people, one Ratlet '«« completion of two new Homes, the purchase expenditure had grown each year. (The details Home and also premises for the AJR Chrt) the °f ,*. ^.''« for a Flatlet Home and the chance of for the year 1962 will be announced after the building programme envisageJews were Dresel. The year under review, he stated, had now had not materiafised. On the other hand, to , 'o this country. It was one of our tasks been marked by the completion of Heinrich the number of unsettled claims might include Op.^'^"'^^ an undistorted record of the history of Stahl House and Osmond House, both at The quite a few which were only submitted as a vTu^'V^", Jewry before and after 1933, a task for Bishop's Avenue. Heinrich Stahl House (archi­ safeguard and might ultimately turn out to be Coun 1 ^^"^ ^"'^ ^^^ °^^" constituents of the tect, Mr. H. J. Reifenberg) provided accommoda­ unfounded. J p- n of Jews from Germany had set up the >-eo Baeck Institute. tion for 54 residents. Osmond House (architect. The victims of Nazi persecution had asked for Th Mr. B. Engle) was built on the site of Leo Baeck the promulgation of two supplementary laws al "* awareness of our position in history was House and provided acoommodalion for 37 which should conclude the programme of In add" •^"''^'"8 principle for AJR Information. persons ; it was meant for more infirm elderly restitution and compensation. With regard to the fi IH'°" *° carrying news on developments in people. Thus, together with the three homes the Federal Restitution Law the main demand other °^ restitution and compensation and on which were already in existence for some years submitted by the Council of Jews from Germany tried ^^^"'s of Jewish interest, the journal always (Otto Schiff House, Leo Baeck House, Otto Hirsch was the abolishment of the stipulation by which histo I '^°^^ ^'''^ ^^^ specific cultural and House), accommodation for altogether 224 persons the total payments to be made under that Law grounl?^ aspects arising from our common back- was provided in five Homes. It should therefore were limited to H milliard DM. The Council versar.' ,^""ng the year under review the Anni- now be possible to admit without undue delay had also submitted a number of reasonable pro­ apDr • *^* published, which was greatly applicants whose case was really urgent. On the posals aiming at the removal of hardships in p eciated by members and bv readers outside other hand, it could not yet be foretold whether the present Federal Indemnification Law. They °"f community. and to what extent the present policy of included the provision of pensions for loss of admission could be relaxed, especially with regard career also for those widows whose husbands Social Work to those applicants who, due to the assets at their had passed away before October 1, 1953. The disposal, were in a comparatively favourable report also stated that, as the result of steps taken financial position. However, the Management by the Council in the interests of the former Committee was aware of this special problem Jewish Communal Workers, the attitude of the and would go into it as soon as circumstances authorities in charge of these claims had become permitted. more favourable in certain respects and that the Turning to the Flatlet Scheme, Mr. Dresel jurisdiction of the Supreme Administrative Court reported that, after many years of searching, a in Berlin had also decisively contributed to a f(j,,_J'^ar celebrated the 25th anniversary of its suitable vacant site in Highgate had been found. relaxation of the position. (ann iV"*^- The AJR Employment Agency The property would be jointly owned by the The reports were followed by a lively dis­ ca"u"^''y licensed by the L.C.C.) had to assist C.B.F. (two thirds) and the AJR (one third). cussion in which the following Board Members fitijj "^^^ *ho, for one reason or another, could not The contribution of the AJR towards the pur­ took part : Mrs. R. Berlin, Mr. F. Godfrey. The d""^ through the local Labour Exchanges, chase and building costs derived from the AJR's Dr. W. Dux. Mr. L. Lowenthal, Mr. H. Hirsch. from ^°^ suitable employees often came share in the assets by the Council of Jews from Mr. H. C. Mayer, Dr. K. Krotos. Dr. J. Bondi. fequir ^^"^^""s who. owing to sickness or age, Germany out of the "heirless, unclaimed and Dr. R. Fuchs. Dr. Erna Goldschmidt and holjVr Permanent or temporary help in their communal property. Mr. W. M. Behr. The discussion ranged from turnpH ^^ before, people with limited means It was hoped that planning permission would questions concerning the homes to suggestions room '° '^^ S°^'al Services Department to find be given for 48 one-room flatlets and five two- regarding AJR Information and matters of Ciuh^ f * pnts within reach for them. The AJR room flats, all with kitchens and baths. The finance and organisation. Inter alia, it was einp • ,1 "^*^ an increasingly important function, accommodation was meant for elderly persons suggested that an appropriate scheme should be •^•ally for elderly and lonely people. launched by which the former refugees should with limited means who could still manage their express their gratitude to the British nation for stock'^'a"^ to questions of finances, Mr. Rosen- households and therefore did not. or not yet, factr, '^^ that the position was not as satis- require the care and attention of an Old Age having admitted them to this country 25 years ago. incTM ^^j^ should be. Whilst there had been an Home. The details of the selection policy had The meeting reflected the successful activities tions income from contributions and dona- not yet been laid down, and whilst everything of the AJR during the past year and the vita! *hich'" '^^ '" fesponse to individual letters would be done to complete the scheme as soon tasks lying ahead. At the same time, it made all n were then sent to all members, it had not as possible, the necessary preparatory steps and those present aware of the need to strengthen an l%7 possible to keep the income in 1961 and the actual building work were bound to take organisation which is faced with so widespread "^ on the same level. On the other hand, the some time. responsibilities. 'ag's^i&'r-ig-a-. ."saav/wr a' -r ff 'ffim^^w

Page 2 AJR INFORMATION March. I96J

WAR CRIMINALS RELEASED FROM THE GERMAN SCENE It has been officially indicated in Bonn thit Ihe DOENITZ ADDRESSES HIGH SCHOOL SOCIAL DEMOCRATS ON GERMAN- West German Government will not take proceed­ ISRAELI RELATIONS ings against two major war criminals handed over by the French authorities in November last year. Former Rear-Admiral Karl Doenitz replied Under the heading " A Missed Opportunity" They are Karl Oberg, a former S.S. and police to questions put to him by pupils of the " Gym­ the Social Democratic Press Service criticised the chief in France, and Helmut Knochen, a former nasium " in Geesthacht near Hamburg. This was fact that so far no diplomatic relations with commander of the Nazi security service in Paris, arranged without the knowledge of the Schleswig- Israel had been established. The anniversary of the last war criminals in French hands. Holstein Ministry of Culture, which otherwise January 30th, 1933, should have reminded the In 1954 a French military court found both men would have raised objections, becaiuse high Government that here an obligation had to be guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity representatives of the Nationalist Socialist regime fulfilled. Israel, the statement says, regarded the and sentenced them to death. In 1958 the sen­ could not be regarded as qualified for informing attitude of the Federal Government as an act of tences were commuted by the then President of young people about historical events in which discrimination which gave room for new doubts. France, M. Coty. they themselves were so closely involved. The The oft-repeated argument that the opening of pupils' questions referred to military strategy, to diplomatic relations would antagonise the Arab In Paris the Movement Against Racialism. Doenitz's position as head of State and to the States did not meet the case. In view of her Antisemitism and for Peace expressed the Nuremberg trials. Although, according to a Press economic strength the Federal Republic had to " sorrowful indignation of all Frenchmen ' at the report, Doenitz did not present National Socialist fear no hostile action. In the past, threats of a release of the two war criminals. The statement ideas, certain formulations and comparisons made boycott had remained ineffective, and they would said that the two men had ordered the execution also remain so in future. and torture of thousands of underground fighters this meeting very questionable. Inter alia, in France, the deportation of tens of thousands he declared that a soldier was not entitled to of innocent people to the gas chambers and decide when a war of aggression was right and TRIALS when it was wrong. With regard to the German crematoria. Reconciliation between France and attack on Norway in April, 1940, he pointed out A court in Kassel sentenced Franz Lechthaler, Germany could not be achieved by forbearance that Britain had similar plans, and that the a former Nazi police colonel, to two years' towards such men.—(J.C.) imprisoment for manslaughter, and acquitted Germans had only been on the spot a few hours "COULD IT HAPPEN AGAIN?" earlier. Doenitz also mentioned that he would another defendant. Willy Papenkort, a former have felt himself an unworthy soldier if he had Nazi police captain. The court said there was Commemorating under this heading Hiller's not obeyed his superiors. Regarding the arrest no evidence of Papenkort's personal responsi­ accession to power on January 30, 1933. Man­ of the last German Government in Flensburg on bility in the murder of several hundred Jews in fred Jenke, in the Welt der Arbeit (25/1/63). May 23rd, 1945, Doenitz inferred that it was October, 1941, by Lithuanian troops serving with believes that Cierman resistance to any threat of Stalin who convinced his Western Allies that he. the Germans at Sluzk and Smolevitshe. resurgent Nazism is growing. "The citizen* of Doenitz, was a war criminal. Asked how Hitler Dr. Fritz Bauer, the Hesse Attorney-General, the Federal Republic (he writes) have accepted judged the political situation in 1939, Doenitz has stated that hardly a week passed in which the silently and with deep shock the terrible evidence replied that had Hitler known that England would German legal authorities did not receive new adduced before the tribunal of world opinion participate in the war he would not have launched information about the whereabouts of Josef at the Jerusalem trial. Germans no longer deny his attack on Poland. Mengelc. the Auschwitz concentration camp the outrage committed in their name." doctor. With the help of false passports and by Discussing the same question in Hamburg's frequently changing his name, Mengele had Die Welt (26/1/63). Hans Zehrer comes to the Criticism in House of Commons succeeded in escaping arrest so far. but Dr. Fritz opposite conclusion. "What happened at the Bauer said he had '" a feeling" that Mengele time, could only take place in a technocratic will be apprehended. The Frankfurt administra­ civihsation and a society already precast in the The matter was also raised in the House of tive court has confirmed the action of Frankfurt totalitarian mould. In such civilisations where Commons by Mrs. Castle, who protested that University depriving Mengele of his doctorate in power is concentrated in the vast govemmental '• this Nazi warmonger " was allowed to " stir up medicine. A complaint against the university's apparatus and huge collective organisations il is pro-Hitler and anti-British feeling among German action had been received from Mengele's hiding- only necessary to usurp the few vital key posi­ Youth." On behalf of the Government, Mr. place in South America. tions in order to establish an all-embracing Heath replied that, when Admiral Doenitz was The trial of twelve former S.S. and police totalitarian system that is proof against internal released from ten years' imprisonment. n(3 restric­ officers, alleged to have been involved in the revolt and can only be destroyed by its own tion on his subsequent activities was imposed. extermination of Jews in Chelmno, continues. malfunctioning. It is a delusion to imagine that " What is important" (he went on) " is that the In the trial of former S.S. and police officers in it could not happen now." immediate reaction of public opinion and the Coblenz, three " Jewish" witnesses spoke up in Press to the speech in the Federal Republic has defence of the principal accused, Georg Heuser. In a front page editorial of Die Welt (12/1/63) be been hostile which is a very good indication of the The three witnesses, now elderly and all living Paul Sethe believes, however, that "civic loyalties strength of demixratic freedom in the Republic ". in Vienna, testified that while servants in Heuser's are now more deeply rooted in Germany than This was contested by Mrs. Castle, who pointed household, he had held " his protective hand" they were in the 'thirties", but then "they have out that the reaction of E>oenitz' young audience over them and saved their lives. But the head never been tested in the crucible of a crisis that was not one of hostility but of vociferous applause. of the Jewish Documentation Centre in Vienna effects every material and spiritual aspect of a " Is this not a cause of great anxiety to all those told the court their testimony was worthless. man's life and happiness."—(W.L.) who fear the recurrence of fasci.sm in Europe Not only had they renounced their Jewishness WARRANT AGAINST SKORZENY today ?" before the Nazi take-over in Austria, but, he alleged, they had also acted as informants for Ex-Colonel Otto Siiorzeny. when informec in RESISTANCE FIGHTERS MEET IN Heuser. -(J.C.) Madrid that the Austrian Justice Ministry had issued an arrest warrant for him on war cnines FRANKFURT EX-NAZI NOT FOR BUNDESTAG charges, said: " If charges are brought agt!in*t Dr. Max Frauendorfer, formerly Himmler's me I shall counter-attack". Representatives of 60 organisations, comprising chief personal aide, has withdrawn his candi­ Police sources in Vienna stated that it wai 500,000 former Resistance fighters from France. dacy for a seat in the Bun

YELLOW STAR "CURIOSITIES" BASILDON HOUSE, 741, MOORGATE, E.C.2 Telephone: METropolitan 8151 On sale for 5s. 3d. a piece in West Berlin curio shops are yellow " Shields of David" which Representing: German Jews were forced to wear as a badge of identification by the Nazis. The salesmen point I. L. FEUCHTWANGER BANK LTD. | FEUCHTWANGER CORPORATION out that some still show the loose threads of TEL AVIV : JERUSALEM : HAIFA '• 60 EAST 42nd ST., NEW YORK, 17, N.Y. cotton with which they were attached to the former wearer's garments. AJR INFORMATION March, 1963 Page 3 HOME NEWS ANGLO-JUDAICA Degree for Sir Isaac Wolfson RESEARCH INTO ANTISEMITISM SCHOOL QUOTA SYSTEM INCREASING Sir Isaac Wolfson, one of Oxford University's At a conference of the Manchester branch of Mrs. Laura Grimohd, the wife of the Liberal major benefactors, has had the honorary degree the World Jewish Congress, Mr. Fred Markson, Party leader, spoke at a forum organised by the of Doctor of Civil Law conferred on him by the vice-president of the Council of Manchester and British Section of the World Jewish Congress University. The Public Orator presented Sir aalford Jews, said that a chair should be set up on antisemitism in this country. She said that Isaac to the Vice-Chancellor as a man of out­ to carry out research into antisemitism. There the practice of restricting the number of Jewish standing energy, acumen and a great benefactor *as i case for the Jewish community to set up a pupils at independent schools to ten per cent was of the University. research unit into the whole fundamental of anti­ increasing. Gentile parents should make it clear Birmingham Lord Mayor semitism. The problem should be approached to school governors and teachers that they do properly and scientifically, he stated. not wish to see the entry of Jewish children Alderman Dr. Louis Glass, a medical practi­ Referring to unemployment, Mr. Markson said restricted in those schools to which they send tioner in Birmingham for 37 years, is to be the that there was a certain disquiet in some areas their children. city's next Lord Mayor. This will be the second against the Government. " We have, as defence time a Jew has been elected to that office. Dr. In a good many cases the practice was placed Glass will be formally elected Lord Mayor at workers, a set of circumstances once again which on a religious basis where it was a disguised the annual meeting of the Birmingham City under normal conditions would provide the perfect form of antisemitism. Because in a majority of Council on May 21. preeding ground for opponents of democracy to cases it was a perfectly genuine intention to pre­ intensify their destructive work." Today it was serve the religious character of the school, she The first Jewish Lord Mayor of Birmingham "Ot so much crude antisemitism as social anti- did not think that any form of legislation could some 40 years ago was Alderman David Davis. Semitism — a type of social ostracism which only be introduced to deal with it. No Golf Club Discrimination eame to the surface now and again and could "Ot be legislated against. "This needs a clever The Rev. Bill Sargent, Vicar of Holy Trinity. The Finchley Borough Council, lessee of the approach, guided bv the best brains we can find Dalston, and co-founder of the Yellow Star Finchley Golf Club, has decided that if the club to teach us." Movement, spoke of the responsibility which the wants the lease on its course extended for a Christian Church had for antisemitism. Early in further five years after its expiry in 1964, it will Mr. Maurich Orbach. vice-president of the the history of Christianity certain notable theolo­ have to insert in its rules a clause stating that it Hntish section of the World Jewish Congress, gians had been guilty of the most flagrant does not discriminate against applicants for told the conference that since 1945. 160 different obscenities by referring to synagogues and to Jews membership on grounds of race, religion or organisations had been founded in Britain with the in terms which hardly bore repetition. But today, colour. purpose of racial and religious hatred. However, he said, the Church was neither officially nor In 1957 it was alleged that the club discrimi­ "ardly a dozen operated effectively now. Every unofficially antisemitic. nated against Jews, but this was strongly denied. Ofganisation he had examined in Britain had a Mr. F. Ashe Lincoln, Q.C., said that the Since then, there has never been any case of t'e-up with their counterparts in Germany, France, Association of Jewish Ex-Service Men and discrimination and, in fact, it is understood that 'taiy and Scandinavia. He did not believe that Women had always maintained as strong a fight there are several Jewish members. ic actions of Jews would make any serious contri- against Mosley's attacks on the coloured people oution either to increasing or decreasing anti­ as those on the Jews. The need for education Miners' Leader Honoured semitism. Those who were concerned with the as well as legislation was stressed by Mr. Martin The Newcastle Committee of the British Tech­ preservation of our society and of our democratic Savitt, Vice-Chairman of Ajex.—(J.C.) nion Society arranged a dinner to inaugurate a "te had to bo impressed with the fact that those campaign by the committee to perpetuate the *"o nurture antisemitism must perish in the end. CHILDREN CALL FOR TOLERANCE name of Mr. Sam Watson in Israel by providing the " Sam Watson Conference Room" in the NO MOSLEY MEETING A conference of East London secondary modern Technion's new Senate House. Mr. Watson is the The schools was recently held at the Poplar Town Durham miners' leader and President of the Q - proposed address of Jeffrey Hamm. Hall, organised by the Council of Citizens of Anglo-Israel Association. He is retiring very (^"^tal Secretary of Mosley's Union Movement. East London, in which some 200 children took shortly. Pa ^^a^^'^y Island Christian Men's Fellowship in part. Nearly all the children agreed that race, p*i, 'tt has been cancelled. The Secretary of the creed or colour should not matter in everyday Yellow Star Concert r^"°*ship, Mr. T. Jarman. said that he had life and that there should be much more tolerance from ^ protests from Moslems and Jews and in the world. A large audience attended the concert of folk Dol ^f^^ral organisations in the district, and the music and jazz organised by the Yellow Star ^"ce had informed him that they would have to Questions to a brains trust panel were put by Movement at St. Pancras Town Hall. The pur­ J, P''^sent because of threats of violence. Mr. the children. On the question of legislation pose of the concert was to emphasise the common ChK ?" ^*ated he could not hold a meeting of a against antisemitism and race hatred, Mr. Alan cultural heritage of all races and to support the •s.ian Fellowship with police protection. Greenblat, Warden of Victoria Boys' and Girls' movement's finances. Well-known folk-music Club, said that one had to be careful not to and jazz artists gave their services free, and it is understood that this is the first of a series ANTI-HATE LAWS impinge on the right of free speech. The real answer was not new legislation but education. of such concerts. *ate" '^' ^' AUen. Conservative M.P. for Bays- The Rev. Eric Buchanan, Students' Chaplain at The Rev. Bill Sargent, co-founder of the move­ rocj. '^^1 addressing a pubKc meeting in the area London University, said ithere must be some ment, referring to the next general election, said fr^"".y. said that he had visited the Home Office limited form of legislation to deal with those who it was the duty of everyone to inform local candi­ . out its attitude to the question of special carried freedom of speech to the point of idiocy. dates that their full support for legislation against 'On against racialism. The view of the Mr. John Eraser, Chief Welfare Officer for the racial discrimination was expected. Ofiice was still the same as it was last West Indies, said that it must be clearly defined " Generous Community " heli, he stated. The Home OflSce still that it was an offence to incite racial disharmony ifor^ ^^^^ '^* °P'y change required was to and inflict harm on an individual or on a Baroness Elliot of Harwood was guest of PubKPj.kL^^^th, e penalties' under Section 5 of the minority group.—(J.C.) honour at a dinner to mark the 40th anniversary '<= Order Act. of the First Women's Lodge of England of the jj^jt^ House of Commons recently gave unop- "LEARNING TO LIVE WITH OUR B'nai B'rith. Without the help of the Jewish g||j^ tirst readings to the two Private Memibers" NEIGHBOURS " community, she said. World Refugee Year would T rr**" P"'''^c incitment to racial hatred—^Mr. never have been able to raise the millions of In a 36-page pamphlet Myer Domnitz, Educa­ pounds it did. She paid tribute to the communal ^[[^onger's amendment of the Public Order tion Officer, Central Lecture Committee of the work of Jews, and in particular to the First naitj, Mr. Fenner Brockway's Racial Discrimi- Board of Deputies, neatly sets out the various Women's Lodge, and said that she had never been attj^^txl Incitement Bill—but the Home Office educational methods to improve human relations let down by the Jewish community whenever she ~-

Page 4 AJR INFORMATION March. 1963 NEWS FROM ABROAD RUSSIA i Blood Libels? ' VATICAN PRONOUNCEMENT AGAINST U.S.A. CHURCHES FIGHT DISCRIMINATION ANTiSEMITISM AWAITED Official Russian sources have confirmed that The National Conference on Religion and Race, there were incidents in the Soviet Uzbek Republic The progress of the Second Vatican Council at its conference recently held in Chicago, adopted in 1961 and 1962 involving Jews. being held in Rome is awaited with interest and a recommendation that organised religion in the Recently Mr. Label A. Katz, President oi Che expectation. It is hoped that the bishops of the United States should utilise its economic strength B'nai B'rith, told a news conference in Washing­ Roman Catholic Church will take some definite to fight racial discrimination. ton that anti-Jewish violence incited by outlandish and positive action to strike at the roots of anti­ More than one thousand Catholic, Protestant tales of " bllood rituals" had caused Moslem semitism. Unofficial representations have been and Jewisih delegates took pan in the conference mobs to terrorise the Jewish communities of made to the Secretariat for Christian Unity, the The resolution urged the use of pension funds, Tashkent and Mairgelan in 1961 and 1962. special commission set up by Pope John to guide investment funds and endowments for promotion The Soviet News Agency Novosty circulated the Council in its deliberations on relations with of inter-racial housing projects and the provision a statement to newspapers in Britain and America. other Christian and non-Christian bodies, with of equality of opportunity for all minorities. This statement said that it would be " absurd the purpose of stressing the importance Jewish Participants were urged to exact pledges against to take quarrels of a domestic nature between communities throughout the world attach to such racial discrimination from building contractors neighbours living in one flat for a national con­ a step. and to remove racial barriers in their own employ­ flict and raise them to a level of politics." Accord­ The World Council of Churches, at its assembly ment practices. ing to the statement a little Uzbek girl in in New Delhi, passed a resolution denouncing Other recommendations included the removal of Margelan was found to be missing. After a antisemitism as " absolutely irreconcilable with racial barriers from all religious institutions and search of four days it tumed out that the girJ profession and practice of the Christian faith," the settling of Negro families in suburbs inhabited was kidnapped by an Uzbek woman menlSly urging the churches to do all in their power to predominantly by a white population.—(J.C.) unbalanced on account of sterility. The state­ resist every form of it, and laying down that " in ment went on to give an account of another Christian teaching the historic events which led incident between an Uzbek and his neighbours, to the Crucifixion should not be so presented as "CANADIAN HITLER" three Bokhara Jews. to fasten upon the Jewish people of today respon­ Canadian television was Jo have presented a The descriptions of the incidents and the dale* sibilities which belong to our corporate humanity taped interview between Mr. Percy Saltzman, a are closely akin to the details supplied by Mr. and not to one race or community." The Vatican Canadian Jewish television personality, and Adrien Katz. They differ in that Novosty makes no Council may well wish to show its solidarity with Arcand, a former Fascist leader, to mark the mention of " blood libels" or of the terrorising the other Christian churches on this issue. 30th anniversary of Hitler's rise to power. The of the Jewish communities mentioned bv Mr. An article appeared recently in a German Canadian Broadcasting Corporation has now Katz. Catholic magazine " Stimmen der Zeit." Ludwig decided that the programme is not suitable for Mr. Katz has commented that the sources of von Hertling the author, a Jesuit, denies that the presentation. Arcand, the self-styled " Canadian his original statement, which he reaffirmed in Jewish people can bear the responsibility for the Hitler," led the Blue Shirt (Nazi) Party in Canada every detail, were unimpeachable.—(J.C.) death of Christ and holds that Israel remains still before and during the war until he was interned a precious instrument through which God pursues for his support of Hitler. Further Sentences His intentions for the salvation of mankind. It is not unlikely that this article was inspired by UNUSUAL OUTCOME OF A MIXED Two Jewish officials in the occupational therapy the Secretariat for Christian Unity, and it is signi­ department of a Lvov psychiatric hospital have ficant that it was written by a Jesuit who has MARRIAGE DISPUTE been sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment for based his argument upon scriptural texts. A non-Jewish Australian and a non-religious fraud. They were members of a group charged An over-simplification of the Bible story is not Israeli woman decided to get married. The girl with selling materials supplied for the occupa­ likely to infuse children's minds with antisemitism, was prepared to marry in Australia before the tional therapy department. The chief superin­ but it can prepare the ground for accepting pre­ civil courts. However, the parents of the girl tendent of the department, who has not been judices and attitudes towards the Jews later in life. objected and demanded that the bridegroom identified as a Jew, was sentenced to death by Jewish communities throughout the world are should become a Jew, in order to marry in the shooting. intensely disturbed by the recent savage outbreaks traditional manner. The bridegroom assented Three Jews were sentenced to death and. of antisemitism in Argentina, and by the and started to prepare himself for his conversion. according to reports, sentence has been carried reappearance of Nazi-type movements there and As he penetrated deeper into the essence of out on two. The third was one of 38 men in Europe, and a pronouncement from the Vatican Judaism during his studies, he started to question charged in Kiev with defrauding the Slate. (Council would be of great comfort. his bride-to-be, how as a good Jewess she could Thirty-two others identified as Jews were consent to a marriage with a non-Jew. This sentenced to prison terms of up to 15 years. INTER-FAITH MEETING IN ROME ended finally in a quarrel, and the engagement Five non-Jews were also gaoled. They were sai^ A gathering of Christians, Moslems and Jews, was dissolved. The young Australian, however, to have dealt illegally in surplus goods.—(J.C.) organised by the Roman Catholic "Pro Deo" recently returned to Israel, in order to find an movement's University for Social Studies, met in Orthodox Jewish girl, because he had converted KIEV CEMETERY CLEARED Rome recently. Representatives of 21 religious to Judaism in the meantime. faiths discussed the theme : " The love of truth Kiev Municipality has ordered the clearing ol^ practised with charity is the road to harmony AFTER-EFFECTS OF HOLOCAUST the old Jewish cemetery and the removal of between individuals and groups." remains to a new burial place in another pa; I ol Cardinal Bea. head of the Vatican Secretariat, A Jewish specialist. Dr. Copelman. has reported the city. The number of graves affected by this announced that a proposal would be put before to the Paris Academy of Medicine evidence of decision stated to be necessary for the replatinini the Ecumenical Council that it should adopt a delayed illness in people who were deported by of the Ukrainian capital, is not yet known. statement proclaiming to believers and non- the Germans during the war. A team of leading The old Jewish cemetery of Kiev bordered of believers the principle of man's freedom of medical spiecialists are now engaged in further the Babi Yar ravine where about 100,000 Jews conscience. research on these illnesses. were massacred by the Nazis during the war. It One of the Jewish speakers was Mr. Zachariah Among females, reported Dr. Copelman, there is because of this reported building plan that tb* Shuster, European Director of the American were numerous cases of amenorrhoea. The Kiev authorities have stated that they have delay**) lewish Committee. He said that humanity hoped younger the woman, the sooner the illness putting up a monument on the Babi Yar graves. that the new spirit of brotherhood emanating from appeared. In men, there were instances of the Vatican Ecumenical Council and from the impotency and of " spongy " obesities. Children POLISH SUBSIDY CUT gathering at which he was speaking would help born in deportation were unbalanced in their to " dispel historical mistakes and conceptions, physical development. The Polish Government has decided to cut bJ' such as the imputation of false guilt to specific Dr. Copelman also noted the frequency of heart two-thirds the subsidy paid to the Social an^ groups and thus help bring peace on earth." trouble and the still more common cases of Cultural Union of Polish Jews, which runs intc —(J.C.) psychosis among deportation victims. Patients hundreds of thousands of pounds. Institutions had nightmares in which murdered relatives threatened by the withdrawal of funds includ* VICTIMS REMEMBERED IN ITALY appeared as if they were still living. Numerous schools, social clubs, evening classes, museums- At a ceremony to mark Tebet 10. the day of deportees suffered convulsions when their reflexes the Jewish Historical Institute and the world' mourning for the victims of Nazi persecution. were tested.—(J.C.) famed Warsaw Yiddish Theatre.—(J.C.) j Rabbi Elio Toaff, Chief Rabbi of Rome, declared : " We should not seek revenge but we LUXEMBURG JEWRY WAR CRIMINALS IN HOLLAND cannot forget." The Association of Former Political Deportees The £1.750.000 indemnification agreement The suggestion made by two Dutch professors in Italy addressed a message to the Israeli recently concluded between West Germany and that the remaining four German war criminals Govemment and the Union of Italian Jewish Luxemburg will Ijenefit many Jews. Not only still imprisoned in Holland should be released- Communities, expressing its solidarity with those Jews of Luxemburg will be eligible for payment, has been attacked by the Dutch Press. Jews who died as a result of Nazi persecution. but also those living abroad who retained their An unusual coincidence is noted by some com' On the same day an appeal was made by the nationality. The Jewish community today totals mentators between the release of the last tw" Italian Committee for the Treblinka Memorial, 1.200 as against 4.000 before the war. war criminals held in France and the agitatiof asking all Italians to contribute to the building of Applications should be addressed to the Jewish for tho release of the four war criminals held i"* a memorial on the site of the former Nazi con­ Consistoire of Luxemburg. 45 Avenue Montheray, Holland. It is beina suggested that West GermaC centration camp. Luxemburg. pressure is responsible in both instances. KSH tjjgjjT^ia

AJR INFORMATION March. 1963 Page 5

Side by side with her social work Lily Montaigiu's IN MEMORIAM stature grew in the field of religious life. Alr^dy in her youth she found an inspiring spiritual influence in Dr. Claude C. Montefiore, by whose DEATH OF VISCOUNT SAMUEL During that emergency period Lord Samuel dynamic personality and teachings she was pro­ also agreed to become the President of the foundly moved in her religious way. By virtue newly established " Movement for the Care of of her sincerely religious nature she found this The impact which Viscount Samuel, who way in Liberal Judaism. In the inner circle of passed away on February Sth, made on the Refugee Children" through which 10,000 the Litoenal Jewish Synagogue, tauight and guided public life of this country is reflected in the children from Central Europe were rescued. by Dr. Israel Mattuck, she was able to use her tmbutes paid to him in the national press and Lord Samuel held these two Presidential offices extraordinary organisational ability. Liiberal con­ over the radio. His stature as an Elder States­ until a few months before the outbreak of gregations were established in London, in the man was symbolised a few years ago when, war. provinces and in Dublin ; and the former refugees on the occasion of Sir Winston Churchill's from Germany were assisted in the development As a great British statesman, as a loyal son of the New Liberal Jewish Congregation. resignation as Prime Minister, he was given the of Jewry and as a man who lent his name, his privilege to act as the spokesman of the British energy, his experience and his influence to But as in her sociil work, so also in her reli­ nation, and to pay tribute to the achievements efforts which saved our lives, he will be gious activities, Lily Monitagu even grew in 01 this great contemporary of his. prominence as a leading personality of Lilberal remembered by us with gratitude and respect. Judaism with the formation of the World Union Lord Samuel has added lustre to the Jewish for Progressive Judaism in 1926. She was the community of this country by his distinguished Hon. S«;retary of this movement until 1954, and widely respected life-long services to the when sJie succeeded the late Raibtoi Dr. Leo Baeck THE HON. LILY H. MONTAGU as President. In 1961 Rabbi Dr. SoJomon well-being of his fellow-citizens. The fact Freehoff, U.SA,, succeeded her as President and , ,/' ^^ th^ same time, he also identified him­ On January 22 the Hon. Lily H. Montagu Lily Montagu became the Hon. Life President self with his community of origin added to the passed aiway in her 90rh year and world Jewry of the World Union for Progressive Judaism. esteem in which he was held by them. He has lost one of the most outstanding personaMti^ Her achievements in the various fields of social ^s the first professing Jew who occupied a of ocur aige. She was bom in London as ome of and religious activities will undoubtedly be a seat m a British Cabinet. the ten children of Samuel Montaigu, the first lasting monument to the revered memory of Lily Lord Swaythling, into a rich, cultural and intd- Montagu. But far above her attainments is the The estabhshment of a Jewish National leotual family atmosphere. Hej- father was a fjome in Palestine was an object for which he memory of her humane personality, the quality deeply reJignous man, a stricdly Orthodox Jew and of her faith, the sincerity by which she lived already worked at a time when many other a leading member of the Anglo-Jewish community. and worked, her self-imposed will to duty. She ^'ons of old-established Anglo-Jewish families a founder of the OrHhodox Federation of Syna­ had a remarkable perseverance, a haibit-forming It t^ ?ntagonistic to the Zionist aspirations. gogues ; and in political life he was a distinguished performance of her tasks. Her daily custom of L^.stifjes to the position he had acquired in member oi the GladMonian Liberals. Her mother. hoildiog home prayers or attending synagogue ^"°''P life that, not withstanding the potential Lady Swaythling, Ellen, n^e Cohen, came from services, hex visits to the bereaved and sick, or ^ontlicts between the Arab and the Jewish a highly gifted and influential family which her presence at meetings, even such a daily enjoyed a fine reputation in the Anglo-Jewish routine as writing letters, in all of her work there S°P"|ation in Palestine, he was appointed the community. From this home life she was imbued was a system of regularity as part of her life. hpiH i!^*^ Commissioner of that country. He with a deep sense of religious faith and a sincere She lived by it and with it, even to the laM Dia A °^^^ ^•"""^ ^^2^ ^° '^2^' ^^'^ ^"^"^ desire to seek her own field of endeavour in the aftemoon of her active life. And despite this Jew-k ^ tlecisive role in the history of the task of social service. regular routine of life she was not pedantic with dev 1 P^°Ple. He retained his links with the others. On the contrary, she was broadminded, „!;^'opment of Palestine and, later on Israel. Outstanding Social Worker lovaiWfc and loving. She had a wonderful way of finding excuses for other people's failings. She ^P j'o the end of his life, especially by his radiated an atmosphere of kindness and peace. Cn ^^^ Hebrew University as one of its Assisted by her wonderful sister. Marian, who Those who had the privilege of working with her P„ "nors and as Honorary President of the has remained her life's companion in all her work, have felt this unique human quality of humility, •English Friends of the University. and encowaged by her mother and helped by her respect for others and unbounded love to the eldest of her sisters. Henrietta, the Hon. Mrs. serve man in her service of God. Lily Montagu LQJJ*''"8 to his manifold public commitments Franklin, she embarked on a project which was J- ., Samuel's active participation in Anglo- was truly liiberal. She was strict with hersellf, but to become an outstanding achievement in her life. liiberal-minded toward others; a truly noble mind ther f ^^ot^Tiunal work was limited. It is, She established in 1893 the West Central Jewish exalting a noble personality. ^jj^ ore, a particular honour for us that, Girls' Club and Institute in Dean Street, Soho. to h rescue work for German Jewry had with the object of providing Jewisih working girls RABBI JAKOB J. KOKOTEK. thecT "'^"'•S^nised in 1935, he put himself at wiith a centre for evening classes, social and the pP°?^l of this cause. He agreed to become cultural activities. The cluib now has its exten­ jg^ '^'"esi(Jent of the Council for German sive home at Hand Court. Holboirn, rightly named the r ^^'''^ *^* to co-ordinate the efforts of " Montagu House." Three generations of Jewish ff- ~fntral British Fund for German Jewry men and women have grown up in this club, under the guidance and loving care of the Montagu JeVK '" '^33), the American "Joint", the sisters, and it was a moving experience for a Cr,] • Agency for Palestine and the Jewish visitor to the club to see grandchildren of the with 'Ration Organisation (I.C.A.). Together original "ciub girls'" welcomed by Miss Montagu late \r"^ Simon (now Lor(i) Marks and the when they came for any of the various club in iiil'^*^"'^^ Bearsted, he went to America activities. For " Miss Lily and Miss Marian" othp 1 ^° confer with Felix Warburg and were always there, in all weather or under any ocrJ- '^^<^ers of German Jewry. On the circumstances. Indeed, even to the last days of J-casion of that visit he raised £2.000,000 life Lily Montagu was active for the memibers of the "8st ^^^^ '" ^^^ LI.S.A. He also headed the ck'b. ove ^^P^*' in this country, and during Pass- The same fervour motivated her atti'tude as a Svna *^"' '"^o the pulpit of the New West End Justice of the Peace, after her appointment in ^fo. The °^"^ to appeal for support of the fund. 1920. when she served for many years at the £j QArfiPP^al amongst British Jews yielded Juvenile Courts of Westminster and Chelsea. Many a time her affectionate manner helped a ;ssTi misguided juvenile offender to regain a proper Nov u' "tider the impact of the pogroms in course in life. In 1937 she was made an O.B.E. of ^^''er 1938, the terms for the admission and later, in 1955, promoted to a C.B.E. "for Whether you travel for busi­ services to Jewish organisations." ness or to get away from it, Wjjg^'^'^gees were substantially relaxed and PELTOURS will be glad to am,," further substantial funds were raised arrange any trip you have in Sam ^?' British Jews, the fact that Lord Assistance to Refugees mind. Our individual service Germ^ was at the helm of the Council for takes care of everything con­ "nan Jewry was of decisive importance. When the gieat tragedy came upon European nected with travelling, Jewry Lily Montagu, with the help of " Dr. from passports to travel Mattuck's Refugee Fund ", took the initiative to reservations and hotel save many lives. Rabbis and students, their bookings and, of course families and relatives, were brought over to Eng­ there Is no charge MACHINE SHORTHAND land, helped to re-emigrate or settle in this ^0 1| *19-2tl u ^ •'MS PALANTYPE COLLEGE ~- "' "'9fi Holborn. London. V».C.1 (Tel. HOL. 9162/S) those who have experienced her lovingkindness will think of hef with lasting affection. ;«»!'^y!SMlia:^WBeatsaa«ig;»ir;W:S -i^ v ^^s -gj-.-^

Page 6 AJR INFORMATION March, 1963

SERVICE TO HUMANIST IDEALS NORMAN BENTWICH'S SOth BIRTHDAY Already before the First World War the Bentwich family, presided over by the " My 77 Years " is tihe title of a book puibKstoed the rescue of refuges from Germany with these patriarchal figure of Herbert Bentwich, the in 1%1 with the sub-title " An account of my life words: " Some years after I had written this Pilgrim father, was, for Continental Zionists, and times." The life it portrays is that of Norman chapter, when I ky in a sick bed, I reflected on a kind of mythological image. These were Beatwich, lawyer, once an academic teacher in the fate of the persons to whom this bald narra­ people for whom Zionism was not, as for so Egypt, Attorney-General in Palestine, Professor of tive refers. Each was an individual, with hopes, many others, a purely political or organisa­ Intemational Relations at the University of Jem­ loves, emotions. A few were saved and living tional affair; it was true " Chibbath Zion ", salem, a prolific writer with 26 books on legal happily; thousands, tens of thousands, had imbued with religiosity and human love, to be and Jewisli subjects and innumerable articles to perished. That was a sober thought to check transformed into personal life. One of the his credit, a man of affairs, whose name as a any complacency about what we have done". many Bentwich sisters was a pioneer who, Zionist and humanitarian is known in the Jewisfh A man such as Norman Betrtwich, acutely together with her husband, made her home at world and beyond it in any (juiarter where people conscious of the value of human life, must the famous Carmel Court at Zihron Ya'acov, have been working for the rescue and rehabili­ of needs be filled with a sublime restlessness. when Palestine was still Ottoman territory. tation of victims of National Socialism. The With very little consideration for his health and title is somewhat unattractive; it will not convey Norman at that time sought an appointment a well-deserved leisure, his conscience drives him in Egypt in order to be near to Palestine, and to the uninitiated any promise of the fascinating relentlessly to fulfil successfully the tasks he has Kfe story of a quite unusual personality, told in taken upon himself. Whether he has to rise at after the British conquest he became Attorney a style both gripping and succinct. One has only an unearthly hour on the Continent in order to General of the Mandatory Government. That to glance at the index with the numiber and variety attend a mid-day meeting in London, because on is now more than forty years ago, and in the of individuals, whom the author has met, to be his vote might depend a grant to : a refugee meantime Norman Bentwich has fulfilled enticed to follow this " wanderer between two scholar; or squeeze into an already over-loaded many jobs and missions, travelled extensively worlds ": Professor Niels Bohr and Lawrence of programme abroad a visit to a bedridden col­ and remained a citizen of two worlds, the Arabia; President Heuss and Haile Selassie; league ; or snatches an hour or so on his tour British and the Jewish, and a devoted servant Einstein and Menuhin ; the Rothschilds and Lord of humanity. Up to his old age, he appears Samuel; Herzl and Weizmann; Koestler and Mikhailov, Soviet Mimster of Culture. The num­ hardened, indeed immune, against physical ber of German Jews figuring in the book is hardship and the strain of constant wandering, strikingly high; among them are Leo Baeck and unperturbed even by illness which he seems to Otto Hirsch, Wilfrid Israel and Martin Buber; regard as an intruder for whom there is no he has not only met these men and many other time to spare. German Jews in his self-effacing work of rescue, hut has fek himself akin to some of them. In the period of greatest Jewish distress he These 77 years—and on 28th February they was an ubiquitous person, appearing wherever have increased to 80—have been devoted to " the there was danger, bringing comfort and re-estahlisihment of a National Home for Jews, encouragement and looking after the refugees. which has become the State of Israel; and the Significantly, he was called a Jewish Pimpernel- rescue and rehabilitation of a remnant of the He has told the story of his life and his Jewry of Central and Westerii Eiurope whicih experiences in several books, lately in his auto­ escaped destruction by the Nazis". Thus Pro­ biography " My Seventy-seven Years " (Rout­ fessor Bentwich describes tHe two poles of his ledge & Kegan Paul). It makes stimulating life, but he considers these two contrasting move­ reading, as it covers the period of mandatory ments not oniy in reference to the Jews, and he knows of their " larger significance, b«ause Palestine, the start of the Nazi era, the errands Jeiwry is a microcosm and what affects it is a of the war years, post-war welfare work fof .'•eflection of world affairs". refugees and the founding of the State of A congratulatory note from German Jews Israel. After what he calls " retirement", should, in the first place, dwell on Professor Bent­ Bentwich has devoted most of his inexhaust- wich's achievements for German Jewry. Wtot he able energy to the Hebrew University whose has done for Zionism from his earliest days up representative he is in Britain. to his present indefatigable work for the Hebrew University will go down in history. One ohser- To appraise fully Bentwich's activities would vation may be permitted here: whereas German require the unfolding of the large canvas oi and Austrian Zionists mostly arrived at their views Jewish history in the twentieth century. He because of their disappointment and disillusion­ went through it with open eyes, always eagef ment about emancipation and assimilation, the to learn and to help, trying to combine Zionist fervour of Norman Bentwich and his nationalist aims with basic principles oi father, Herbert, was not motivated by anti­ humanity, but conscious of inevitable humaH semitism, but only by a glowing love of Zdon. shortcomings and of the uncontrollable whim* With the same fervour Professor Bentwich took of history. A man of exemplary integrity and up his rescue work for Nazi victims in the first Quaker-like humility, he was bound to appeaf weeks after the fateful 30th January, 1933: "That sometimes as naive to robust activists. H* has occupied me ever since io one form or another and given me a dual interest. It was a field of was also one of those who suffered mucb intemational relations, general and Jewish, in roughness from extreme nationalists becaus* which action was urgent; and I could do some­ of inspection in Germany to acquaint himself with he supported the idea of solving the probleiH thing, and not merely talk about it". Anyone the progress otf a written record of a dispersed of Jewish-Arab relations in Palestine by who has had the good fortune to watch Professor Jewish commimity ; or stands for a few moments reconciliation and of envisaging a bi-nationa' Bentwich at work knows that the verb "to do" i'n silent contemplation in the re-erected syna­ state with room for both peoples. Havin? is the mainspring of his life. For 2i years Deputy gogue at Worms ; one feels that he is hearkening been treated ungraciously by the Britisl) to the League of Nations' High Commissioner for constantly to the voice of his conscience prompt­ Labour Government in 1931, he had to face « Refugees from Germany, Honorary Director of ing him to do " zedakah ". No wonder that he new disappointment, when, in 1932, his firs' the (Jewish) Council for German Jewry in the never shrinks from embracing an unpopular cause, be it a campaign for relief to the Arabs, or open­ lecture at the Hebrew University on the prol'' United Kingdom, co-fcunder of the Kitchener lems of international peace was disturbed by Camip, whi" ment ; no other ambition than to be convinced there is no doubt for which aims Professor such an ardent and selfless manner. He h^j he has done his utmost to help. His has never Bentwich has fought. He can be proud of his earned the love and gratitude of a grea' been that air of condescension which often mars achievements and that his example inspires all number of people who came into contact w^ the good works of members of an established those who gratefully admire a life that has ful­ him and enjoyed his counsel or help. It '* community assisting newcomers to their country. filled w^hat according to the prophet is required In his autobiography Professor Bentwich has of map: " To do justly, and to love mercy, and only natural to greet him on his eightief allowed us a glimpse into the emotion behind to walk humbly with thy God ". birthday with warm wishes for his future lif'' his driving force. He concludes the chapter on HANS REICHMANN. ROBERT WELTSCH. I AJR INFORMATION March. 1963 Page 7 NORMAN BENTWICH AND THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY ^^^,-«JLIE BRAUN-VOGELSTEIN 80 The well-known art historian and writer, Julie .1° ""ost readers of this paper Norman Bentwich of Israel would reach its haven " ; not only the Braun-Vogelstein, Ph.D., recently celebrated her WUl be known first and foremost by what he has greatest institute of Jewish learning, but in a SOth birthday. Bom in Stettin, the daughter of sv ^ ^°'' refugees. For many years, with true very particular way a matter of intimate personal Rabbi Heinemann Vogelstein, acknowledged ympathy, unending patience and perseverance, concern : the University represents the continuity leader of the liberal religious movement of Ger­ ne aevoted himself to the rescue of the persecuted, of Jewish history; it links the traditions and many, Julie Vogelstein grew up in an atmosphere ne used his influence to secure their admission to experiences of the national past with modern of modern intellectual and philanthropical ideas. anH .'^"""'ry, to help in the diflScult years of war scholarship and science; it exerts the deepest and Her brother Hermann was later, as Rabbi in «ia internment, to facilitate their integration into most fruitful influence on the future of Israel; Koenigsberg and Breslau, to play the same leading fin 1?°*^'*' and economic life of the country and, it is the bridge to the world beyond Israel, to role within German Jewry as his father had done frT V- *° achieve restitution and compensation the universal community of learning and truth. before. Her brother Ludwig, who started his Ji^°'" Germany for the losses suffered. The heal- And in all these fields it not only serves the career with the metal firm of Aaron Hirsch & Son, onV. "'f^ounds, however important, has been only Jewish people but fulfils. I believe, Norman Bent­ emigrated to America, where he later founded the h^ u ^^ manifold activities. His main effort wich's own most personal ideals. firm of Ludwig Vogelstein & Co., which subse­ anH \.l^° directed, for decades, to the building up quently merged with the American Metal "TV, t f^^velopment of the Hebrew University. WALTER ZANDER. Company. He was renowned for his manifold YP „"«''rew University ", he writes in " My 77 TRIBUTE philanthropical activities. ev^J^ • " represented to me the highest and visible Julie Vogelstein studied history of art and h=? J"°" °^ ths spiritual Zionism in which I Standards of conduct and moral values are archaeology. Her publications in this field <:ii« 1, ? brought up". To the Hebrew Univer- fm t °^voted the main part of his life, and preserved not by precept, but by example. So include: " Von Franzoesischer Buchmalerei" irom his work he derived, I believe, the deepest long as Norman Bentwich lives among us the (1914), "Interieur und Stilleben" and "Die personal satisfaction. meaning of justice, modesty, unselfishness and lonische Saule " (1921). human sympathy will not disappear in the Her Uterary career began with the publication fn,!!,!.*?^ present in Jerusalem in 1918, when the community. Three-quarters of his 80 years of the diaries of Otto Braun, who was killed in in l

Page 8 AJR INFORMATION March, 1963

so sagte sie, " dass ich Schausipielerin werdea Friedrich Walter wollte". Und Jahre danach haibe sie bei Bewerbungen immer wieder den Monolog aus diesem Drama vorgesprochen, auch bei Rein­ EHRFURCHT VOR DER VERGANGENHEIT hardt. " Was ioh spater spielte, war Shaws ' Heilige Johanna' ". Elisabeth Bengner dankte der Stadt Mannheim als der Stifterin des Preises— Erinneningeii einer deutschen Juedin im Namen all der Schauspieler, die deutsches Theater "in seiner strablendsten Eipoche" mitgestailten haiiifen, auch im Namen derer, " die In den ersten Jahren des Exils in Frankreich Als Siebzigjahrige meinte sie kurz vor der nicht mehr da sind ". sah ich in den Pariser Buchladen ein Buch Machtergreifung Hitlers einmal, dass "so ein ausgestellt, das sich mir durch seinen Titel ungebildeter Mensch in Deutschland nicht auf- Zu Beginn der kammermusikalisoh wiirdig einpragte. Er lautete: " Un homme se penche kommen konne ". umrahmten Feierstunde hatte Oberbiirgermeister Or. Hans Reschke, der die grosse Kiinstlerin und sur son passd "—Ein Mann beugt sich iiber seine Eine noble Meinung, wie man sie so oder so Vergangenheit. Den Namen des Autors habe ich ihren Mann, den Regisseur Dr. Piaul Czinner Shnlich damals noch von vielen anderen hoch- sowie die sonstigen Ehrengaste begriiSBite, den vergessen, auch weiss ich nicht, was in dem Buch gesinnten Menschen, judischen wie nichtjudischen, stand, da ich es mir nicht kaufen konnte. Aber Werdegang der Bergner nachgezeichnet: die horen konnte; dass sie von der Zeitgeschichte Wiener Sphare. von so manni^achen Kompo- an seinen Titel musste ich jetzt wieder denken, erbarmungslos widerlegt wurde, andert nichts an als ich das Buch " Sehnsucht—mein geliebtes nenten befruchtet,den Weg iiber Inn&brack und der tieferen Stimmigkeit des Ausspruchs. Er mag Miinchen nach Berhn zu Barnowsky und Max Kind" von Eva Ehrenberg (Ner-Tamid-Verlag aus jenem seltsamen und geschichtlich einmaligen 1963, DM 9.80) las. Reinhardt, wo es bald " um diese Elisabeth von Phanomen hervorgegangen sein, das man die Zukuntt wetterleuchtete", bis zu den Scheiter- Es sind die " Bekenntisse und Erinnerungen" deutsch-jiidische Symbiose genannt hat. Aber haiufen vor nahezu 30 Jahren, als sie nach Wien einer Frau, die sich liebevoll, ehrfurchtsvoll und Eva Ehrenberg zeigt in ihrem Erinnerungsbuch zuriickging und von da in die Emigration, nacb kritisch nicht sowohl iiber ihre wie vor ihrer— auch die inneren Widerspriiche und Spannungen und unserer — deutch-jiidischen Vergangenheit auf, die dieser Symbiose schon immer innewohnten England, Kanada und die Staaten ziehen m.iisste. beugt. Ihre Aufzeichnungen stammen aus und ihr schliesslich ein Ende—und welch ein Reschke, der ihre Naohkriegsgastspiele in mehreren Jahrzehnten. In einer ersten, am Ende—bereiteten. Auf die hbhere Madchen- Deutschland einer Riickkehr gleichsetzte, Anfang des Bandes stehenden Niederschrift aus schule, die sie besuchte, schickte auch der begriindete den Auftrag der eine Kulturtraditioin dem Jahre 1934 schreibt sie, " dass wir am Ende Miliar—und Beamtenadel der Residenzstadt, der hoohhaitenden. seit 1954 den Schillenpreis sind. Wir, die Generation der neunziger Jahre Landadel der Umgebung seine Tochter. Mit verteilenden Stadt und vedas sodann die des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts. . . . Wir haben vielen von ihnen schloss Eva Ehrenberg Freund­ Urkunde (in der Roinhardts Name deutlich- gelernt. nichts unnotig aufzuheben. Wir haben schaft, mit einer von ihnen steht sie noch heute prominent herauszuhoren war)—ein Bekenntnis aO Uebung im Losen, wir losen uns los, wir losen in enger, inniger Verbindung. Aber bevor man sie eine grosse Vergangenheii, aber auch eines aD auf, wir losen ab, Menschen und Dinge. ubernom- zum erstenmal aufs elterliche Gut dieser Freundin eine Gegenwart und an eine Zukunft. mene Begriffe, ubemommene Illusionen, geliebte einlud. bedeutete man ihr, dass man dort " bisher Die " Laudatio" sprach ein Theatermann, Landschaft, geliebte Kunst". nur Viehjuden" gekannt habe. Auf andere einst selibst Schausipieler und Regisseur, der del Schulfreundinnen, schreibt Eva Ehrenberg. hatte Die Welt, die sie aus dem nunmehr gelassenen jungen Bergner in jenen " goldenen" Berliner dieser " selbstverstandliche Antisemitismus " wie­ Tagen, von denen so oft die Rede war, zuerst Bewusstsein und gelauterten Erlebnis ihrer der eine andere, " ganz merkwiirdige Wirkung : Endzeit sich und uns noch einmal vergegenwartigt, begegnete mid—sogleich von ihrer Kuns' er machte mich ihnen interessant, ich war etwas fasziniert war: Heinz Hiipert, der Intendant de« ist die bUrgerlich-judische, noch von deutscher Neues fiir sie, etwas das sie anzog ". Da waren Klassik, Musik und Landschaft getonte, von ihnen " die offenen und heimlichen Briefe ", die sie ihr Deutschen Theaters in Gotlingen. Er war aio durchdrungene Bildungs-und GefUhlswelt, von der "aus den Ferien schrieben oder in der Klasse besten in der Lage, uber ihr Kiinstlertum zU Eva Ehrenberg gepragt wurde. Wer dieser Welt zusteckten, mit Fragen uber Fragen, mit backfisch- urteilen, ihre Eigenart zu analysieren: wie sif entstammte und wem es vergonnt war, sie zu haft schwarmerischen Erklarungen". Aber auf nicht allein "die Werkstatt souveran beherrscht"> iiberleben, dem verhalf sie durch ihre menschlich- der Strasse durften diese Ermgard v.E., Marie sondern auch wie sie ihr blosses Dasein, zuweMeD sittliche Gediegenheit wie durch ihre freie und zur L., Marie v.D., sie nicht griissen. iiber den Dichter hinaus, in die GestaJ* heitere Weltoffenheit auch zur Bewaltigung der rinstromem liisst und, ohne virtues zu sein, mi* Emigration. Geist imd Grazie, mit Geibarde und Wort, mi' Der Band wird von einer Anzahl Gedichte der Nuancierung von Ober—und Unterstimmei Diese Eigenschaften waren es auch, die sich in abgerundet und abgeschlossen, deren eines ihm Eva Ehrenbergs Eltem verkorperten, es war die auch den Titel gegeben hat. Sie stehen zu den von Vorder—^und Hintergrund eine GestaU Lebensluft. in der die Kinder aufwuchsen. Der Prosaaufzeichnungen insofern in schonster ausstrahlen lasst, klar, oft hart, immer verstand- Vater, Siegfried Sommer, ein Mann von ebenso Uebereinstimmung. als sie beide aus der gleichen, nisvoll fiir alle Feinsinnigkeiten des LebenS' festen Grundsatzen wie zartem und feinem zugleich hochgestimmten und vernunftvoU— " Diese unaufdeckbare Kunst der Umformuni? Empfinden, war Oberlandesgerichtsrat in Kassel. einsichtigen Gefuhls—und Gedankenwelt her­ ihrer Personlichkeit in ihre Gestalten " haibe, so Wie kam er als Jude im kaiserlichen Deutschland vorgegangen sind. der die Dichterin in ihrem Buch fiihrte Hilpert in schon formulierten Satzen au*. zu dieser Stellung ? Die Tochter erzahlt uns huldigt. Die Besorgnis um Reinheit, Sinn und " das Publikum zu ©iner einmaligen Binhei' dass er auf dem Kasseler Gymnasium ein Wurde der Sprache—darf man sie eine spezifisch zusammengebannt". E.G.L. Mitschiiler des Prinzen Friedrich Wilhelm von jiidische Besorgnis nennen ?—von der Eva Ehren­ Preussen war, des spateren Kaiser Wilhelm 11. bergs Prosa gepragt ist, sie hat in den Gedichten Die beiden Knaben schlossen Freundschaft den ihr poetisch entsprechenden. lyrisch stromen- miteinander. Bei einem Jahre spater stattfindenden den. aber niemals iiberstromenden, sondern immer Wiedersehen, einem von vielen, fragte der Kaiser verhaltenen Ausdruck gefunden. seinen einstigen Schulkameraden, warum man ihn. der damals Richter in Frankfurt war. noch nicht Ackermans befordert habe. " Man hat mir die Griinde nicht gesagt." antwortete dieser, " aber es besteht SCHILLERPREIS 1962 FUER ELISABETH fiir mich kein Zweifel. dass sie in meinem Glaubensbekenntnis liegen, und Ew. Majestat BERGNER werden verzeihen, wenn es schmerzt. dass es Chocolates schadet, wenn man die Treue halt." Daraufhin Da stand sic vor uns, die kleine, zierliche wurde er, " auf persbnliches Eingreifen des Gestalt mit dem jung gebliobenen. feinen, fast De Luxe Kaisers", ans Oberlandesgericht Kassel versetzt. schiichtemen Lacheln—nicht auf der Biihne diesmail. Von einem improvisierten Podium im IN BEAUTIFULLY Eva Ehrenbergs Mutter Helene, geb. Edinger sdhmuckfreudigen. festlich beleuchteten Ritter- DESIGNED war Malerin; sie stammte aus Worms, wo ihr saal des wiederhergestellten Mannheimer Roko- Vater " mit seinem Freund Schultze-Delitzsch den kosohlosses, in dem einst glanzende Empfange des PRESENTATION ersten Vorschuss-und Kreditverein" ins Leben kurfiirstliichen Hofea stattfanden dankte sie. Kein BOXES rief; auch die Griindung von " Krankenkassen, geeigneteres Geprage konnte fiir die offizielle Wohnungsvereinen, Genossenschaften mancherlei Ehrung gefuiiden werden, wie sie an diesem Art" ging auf seine Anregung zuruck. Helene schneereichen 27. Januar in Anwesenheit mehrerer MARZIPAN Sommer las mit ihren Tochtern deutsche Philo­ hundert Vertreter des geistigen und sonstigen sophie und Dichtung und musizierte mit ihnen. offentlichen Lebens der Stadt und des Landes SPEaAUTIES einer grossen KiJinstlerin unseres Jahrhunderts zuteil wurde. In diesem prachtigen Rahmen BAUMKUCHEN erhiellt die in Wien geborene Elisabeth Bergner. die iiber eiii Jahrzehnt das Theaterpubliikum der ehemaligen Reichshauptstadt bezauberte, den 43, KENSINGTON CHURCH VTH SchMlerpreis der Stadt Mannheim. In ihrem sfKjntanen Dank fiir die Auszeichnung erzahlte LONDON, W.8 Wir kauiwi Einzalv/ark*. Bibliolhakan, sie, die auf der Biihne Sohiller-Rollen nur seiten WES. 4359 and verkorpert hat, welche entscheidende RoUe Autographon und modarna Graphik Schiller dennoch in ihrem Leben und fUr ihre 9, GOLDHURST TKRRACS, Lauifbahn gespielt habe: zu ihrem 10. Geburtstag Diraktor! Dr. Josaph Sutchitzky FINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.6 erbielt sie ihre erste SohiHer-Ausgabe, und am MAI 2742 SSa BOUNDARY RD.. LONDON. N.W.I pleiohen Tag durfte sie die " Jungfrau von HAI. Orleans " sehen. " An jenem Abend wusste ich ", i flI HSttiliii^Ki

AJR INFORMATION March, 1963 Page 9 LITERATURE OF EXILE Old Acquaintances Bookt and Author$: Kurt R. Grossmann, New An Incomplete Compendium York, received the Kindler Verlag's Albert Schweitzer Prize, worth D.M.10,000, for his book about Carl von Ossietzky.—Die Arche in A comprehensive bibliography of literature are many gaps to be filled. With regard to the Zurich has published Karl Otten's " Expres­ emanating from the exiled and emigrants of the set period, the Bibliographie sometimes registers sionismus grotesk", with contributions by Ball, period 1933-45 has been awaited for years, certain writings produced before emigration or after return Benn, Schwitters, Mynona and Lichtenstein.— small attempts only having existed up to the from exile. This goes beyond the bounds of the Wieland Herzfelde has written a book about his present. " Bio-Bibliographie", the sub-title of work. The same applies equally to authors who brother John Heartfield; it is published in East the big, new " Deutsche Exil-Literatur 1933-1945 ", transferred their domicile abroad long before Germany, where they have both lived since their arranged by Wilhelm Sternfeld (London) and Eva 1933, and it is questionable if writings produced return from exile.—Paul Tabori, of London, has liedemann (Frankfurt a.M.), is in so far a pre­ after 1945 belong at all to a book that deals had his " Natural Science of Stupidity " pubUshed tentious description as it promises to contain specifically with the 12 years in question. by Prentice Hall here.—EUsabeth von Castonier, information about literary works as well as data In a displeasing (and for the reader often dis­ who lives on a farm near London, is writing her on the life during emigration of the writers autobiography. concerned. It contains an introduction by Pro- turbing) manner liberties are taken with the f*°u ^^""5 W- Eppelsheimer and has the support postulated uniformity of layout and treatment of Berlin : The site where once the Romanische «t the Deutsche Akademie fuer Sprache und the bio-bibliographical " numbers ", notably in the Cafe stood was BerUn's most highly-priced comer ; uichtung, Darmstadt (published by Verlag " bio " section, where personal details are given. it belonged to the Dresdner Bank and was valued Lambert Schneider, Heidelberg-Darmstadt, It would have been easy to give irrefutable at ten million marks. For seventeen years the •'o D.M.). information in a very large number of " cases " place opposite the Gedaechtniskirche was vacant (the year when Golo Mann emigrated, the date and no substitute for that Bohemian caf^ could Works of this kind are important reference of Professor Karl Mannheim's death, personal be found anywhere. Now at last it is intended pooks. wanted above all in public and learned data about Hugo Marx, the birthplace of Rabbi to erect a 22-storey building with a theatre, a libraries and should be of ready access in those Dr. Ignaz Maybaum, the faculty of professors cinema and an ice rink. The building will cost libraries. What does one require of such books ? such as Hans Mayer and Ludwig von Mises, the D.M.50 million.—To mark the 65th birthday of As far as possible containing full information, fact that Richard von Mises died 10 years ago the late Bertolt Brecht, the East BerUn Munici­ concentrating on the period to be dealt within the in the U.S.A., Peter de Mendelssohn's address, a pality has named the square in front of Schiff­ oook, uniform in approach, and therefore as few details about " Morus". i.e., Richard bauerdamm Theater after the playwright. correct and exact as they can be with regard to Lewinsohn, more about Siegfried Moses, who only content and method. It is not easy to satisfy such figures as the author of "Juedische Nachkriegs- Milestonet : Ernst Marischka, brother of oemands. the fulfilment of which can be attained forderungen"—and that only under the letter Hubert and author of numerous Ubretti and film Jjniy to a certain degree. But they should not fall " M "!). Much of the work is the very opposite scripts, became 70 years of age in Vienna.—Heinz po far short of the attainable standard, nor of uniform, and is often inconsistent; even the Ullstein. the only member of that famous pub­ ao they need to fall short of it, if the full use English addresses are sometimes wrong, quite lishing family who survived the Nazi regime inside J scholarly aids and biographical dictionaries is apart from different methods of writing English Germany, has celebrated his 70th birthday. He property understood. book titles (small letters, or—also—capitals ?). It started as a " black sheep", as an actor and is hoped these attributes, which are to be taken author of comedies for Ralph Arthur Roberts objectively, will indicate the desirability of a cor­ under the pen-name " Heinz Hull ". For a time, Far-reaching Enterprise rected second edition to follow sooa after this as a partner of Richard Oswald, he also was a work, which has been compiled by the arduous film producer. After the last war he edited the (400 "'^ present voluminous Bio-Bibliographie efforts of many years. Its character as a reference weekly Sie in BerUn.—Herbert Zernik. once well that ^^'^' *'''^ ''^ beautiful type, we have a book book and its informative purpose demand this. A known in variety and cabaret, who lived in ciKi '^ ^°' restricted in scope to a rather narrow beginning at least has been made. Shanghai during the war and retumed to Berlin a I -u "^^f^S^es and emigrants, for instance to a few years ago. recently turned 60.—Nell Walden, cited^' 8''oup (although the number of Jews E. G. LOWBNTHAL. Herwarth's widow now in Switzerland, is 75. Dart '^ '^^'"•'^"y ^ery considerable), but a work of ISetes from Everywhere : Julius Gellner started iicular and extremely far-reaching enterprise. his first Habimah season in Tel Aviv with Rem if ^.""'Pi'^rs have concluded the " Necessary Piscator's adaptation of " War and Peace ". He to th "^ a" P''cceding the work with a sentence also invited Kurt Hirschfeld, of Zurich, to direct plete ^ ^^^^ '''^y "^''^ aware of the incom- SONGS FROM THE TWENTIES Duerrenmatt's " Die Physiker ".—Elisabeth Berg­ hone"fh^ and imperfection" of their work and ner and O. E. Hasse will visit New York next coiT^ti emendations and additions will be forth- London seems to be catching up rapidly with April to appear in the German version of " Dear cism f' 'u'^^ *'" certainly regard objective criti- the Berlin of thirty or forty years ago, Brecht Liar".—Margarete Wallmann's next production a cnnt i! ^°^ i' '^ hoped to indicate here as is the latest fashion in the theatre, and the will be Rossini's " Semiramis " in Milan.—Robert becMunich. mpetitive law, to name but a few. —Gustav Regler. ex-Communist and author, who Kthe is still drawing the crowds in London as well as ship term "literature " means works of scholar- in New York. survived the Nazi regime in Mexico, died in Delhi the'"^^ *ell as "belles lettres "—and many of at the age of 64 : his autobiography was pub­ numbers " lead one to think so—^then there Agnes Bernelle is the daughter of Rudolf lished under the title " Das Ohr des Malchus ".— Bernauer, the famous Berlin theatrical manager, Erich Cassirer, expert on ancient Chinese art and producer, and playwright who died a few years a member of the famous Cassirer family, has died in London. He was 82 years old.—Carl Your Houu for:— ago in London. She has been on the stage in a great variety of parts, but I feel that during her Ritter. author of a Joseph Schmidt biography, died CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO three weeks at the Establishment, in a programme in Zurich at the age of 70.—^Franz Planer, the which she called " a cabaret of savagery and 68-year-old cameraman who started with Eric UPHOLSTERY delight", she has shown her very special talent Pommer and was Audrey Hepburn's favourite, has at what we used to call a disease. She started died in Hollywood.—Franz Jung, one of the early SPECIALITY with Wedekind and proceeded via Klabund. German expressionists, has died in Stuttgart Miihsam. Lersch, and Ringelnatz to Brecht. She aged 75. CONTINENTAL DOWN has attained complete command of a pliable voice that ranges from steely hardness to hushed VS.4.: Otto Preminger has engaged Romy QUILTS! sadness, and she never puts a foot wrong in Schneider and Curt Juergens for his next film, presenting songs whose sentimentality or humour "The Cardinal ".—Erich Juhn produced a German ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS are difficult to convey to an audience of 1963. version of " Critic's Choice". with Max Slater She sang a few items in the original German and Christine Felsmann, at New York's Com­ tiTIMATtS FUtt versions : for the rest she had the help of some munity Center.—Carl Ebert directed " Ariadne " excellent and sensitive translators, such as at the " Met".—Susan Kohner. daughter of the DAWSON-LANE LIMITED Dorothea Gotfurt. Martin Esslin and Beverley agent, Paul Kohner. scored a success in Huston's " Freud ".—Ludwig Stoessel received an invita­ '7 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK Cross. Michael Dress, a young German com­ poser, supplied much of the very impressive and tion to perform in Vienna's Josefstadt on the 20th Telephone: ARN. 6671 effective music—and so did, of course, our late anniversary of Max Reinhardt's death.—^Pcter Lorre appears in the film " The Raven". "••rionw ,tt«ntlon of Mr. W. Schlchmann. Kurt Weill. EGON LARSEN. PEM ^^mms^mBmmie%i^mima^''Mmr-^:»mu'y mmHk :^^.^^^:^e..,r^^^:^,:,- •itt

Page 10 AJR INFORMATION March, 1963 NEW LITERATURE ON GERMANY THE SINS OF THE FATHERS Gudrun Tempel was only thirteen when millions of Germans, among them her own REASSESSMENT OF THE TRUTH and religious/cultural continuity in spite of the many persecutions. E. Meyer explains this parents, hailed Hitler as their saviour. In 1924 Franz Rosenzweig wrote to Martin phenomenon by the Jews' belief in God's Tortured by her memories, she decided to write Buber that the Jews were entering into a phase covenant with Abraham, their concentration upon a book about her experiences. She gave it the of renewed persecution. He blamed the the Law, the messianic hope and the continuous title, " Deutschland ? Aber wo liegt es ? " emancipation era of the nineteenth century for study of Torah and Talmud. The sense of (Rowohlt, Hamburg). As a motto she chose belonging to one family and their exclusion from having kept silent on the Jewish problem and these words from H61derlin : " Barbarians of expressed the hope that his time would become the community with the people around them one of open discussions. The events after his increased their adherence to their own traditions. olden days, still more barbarised by industry and death proved the trath of his apprehensions, but As we read in the " Selbstzeugnisse", whose science, even by religion, incapable of any godly the most convincing arguments in favour of the authors did much to spread the ideas mentioned feeling." After the war she spent seven years minority were in vain against Nazi hatred and just now, a minority is always compelled to think in this country. She then returned to Germany bratality. The numerous books published in more profoundly, not only about its own existence to find out whether "the others still remem­ Germany now seem to fulfil Rosenzweig's hope, but also about that of its neighbours. They but the people with whose history, religion and are the chosen people, not for their own sake but bered ". But she discovered that nobody wanted thinking they deal have become almost legendary for that of the other nations for whose souls they to be reminded of the past. through their extinction. feel responsible, as Dr. Leo Baeck put it. The resilience with which the Jews met the A Young Girl Reflects onslaughts of their enemies is bound to astonish Four Books by German Authors the Christians who mean well. R. R. Geis, in She still recalls the jubilation, the flags and " Manner des Glaubens", describes Dr. Baeck's torchlight parades. How did all that madness The four books under review have been written serene invulnerability under Nazi rule and in become possible ? Because most Germans or edited by Christian-German authors, and the Theresienstadt, which equalled the fortitude and regarded politics as "a filthy business". The fact that some of them had to be reprinted several equanimity manifested by the Protestant D. majority of educated Germans did not want to times reassures us about their being really read Bonhoeffer and the Jesuit Alfred Delp in face see anything, "for if they had opened their eyes or used by teachers. Two of them offer the basic of their execution. they could have clearly seen the catastrophe into facts about Judaism and the questions connected We read in the " Selbstzeugnisse" how Jakob with it*t. They contain more or less the same which Hitler was leading them". Politically Wassermann became resigned to the futility of all immature as they were, they did not realise that material and use the same sources, but Gamm efforts to come to terms with his German com­ stresses more the objective facts whereas E. Meyer they had sotne other choice. So they hailed patriots. This attitude stands in striking contrast Hitler, even " the professors" hailed him, is more concemed with the causes of antisemitism to Wolfskehl's words " Und dennoch sind wir and its refutation through reality. The contents "because our professors are civil servants and da I " or Ernst Bloch's statement: " Denn immer depend on the Minister of Culture for their of these publications should be familiar to most noch sind die Juden nicht miide." The courage of their Jewish readers, but the comprehensive career and advancement". The majority of the of self-assertion seems to be stronger than nation welcomed the Fiihrer : "You are nothing, selection and grouping of the material make them pessimistic defeatism. valuable reading for everybody. The " Selbst- your nation is everything." Miss Tempel retorts: zeugnisse"{ confirms what the two handbooks ERNST KAHN. "So my nation is the sum total of nothing." have taught and forms a most excellent choice of Only the Germans could be persuaded "that the passages from the works of Jewish authors of the PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE IN Jews are guilty. You could persuade no EngUsh­ last 100 years. A small book on three heroes of man in Sheffield or Manchester of the Jewish the German resistance, beginning with an essay RETROSPECT guilt". about Dr. Leo Baeck's part in this movement, shows that religious faith has been tested through The path of a journalist writing books on Miss Tempel still remembers the German news- personal sacrifice also in our epochs§. history is not an easy one. Evidence for this is reels. German bombers "diving down wittingly the- treatment that William L. Shirer's world- on refugees", " villages razed to the ground", famous " Rise and Fall of the Third Reich " has " Poles fleeing from nowhere to nowhere between Jewish Contribution to CiviMsation suffered. Though every fact reported by Shirer the fronts ", concentration camps, female guards is well documented and every judgment carefully "in black boots and pistols, with whips in their considered, it has been attacked by professional hands, dragging groups of women of all nations Going into the details given in these books would (not only Jews) through the streets". She was mean repeating facts and ideas which have been historians, especially of the neo-nationalist kind in Germany, as just a journalist's work. in Dresden when that town was bombed by the mentioned frequently enough in these columns allies, but "amidst the hell" that reigned she and other writings. It is, however, perhaps worth thought of "the pictures of a newsreel : Stukas while to focus some problems which seem to have Sefton Delmer's Memoirs captured the attention of the Christian writers diving down on Warsaw like birds of prey". with whom we are concemed. The German "The German mother who lost her children on philosopher Karl Jaspers, in his book "Vom The second volume of Sefton Delmer's auto­ the frozen Oder was but a sister of the other Ursprung und Ziel der Geschichte" (1949), has biography* is much more susceptible to such an mother who told her child a fairy tale in the gas attack. Delmer is a journalist first and fore­ chamber before both of them were suffocated." initiated a revaluation of Jewish (and Greek) most. And when he interrupted his professional contribution to our present civilisation by stressing The German. East is lost—a terrible loss, but the element of individual consciousness and con­ activities in 1941 in order to become head of a Gudran Tempel remembers : " The Fiihrer gave science which was introduced into the thinking newly created special section of the Political orders last night that German soldiers should of the Western world by the prophets and Greek Warfare Executive of the British Government, march against Russia." When, in 1945, enraged philosophers alike. H.-J. Gamm states that the his task was not to write history but to make it, Poles beat her up terribly, " I only paid for some greatness of Israel lies in the change from sacra­ and this in the most tendentious manner required S.S. man who had demonstrated the superiority mental sacrifice towards spirituality and liturgy in by war-time circumstances. Small wonder that his of the German race in Lemberg". the religious service. The prophetic Messianism report is not prominent for objectivity and that contains the hope for a realm of etemal peace some of its factual details have been disputed and a deep concem with the future of mankind by reviewers. Even so, all who lived through Past Crimes Forgotten which was alien to the Greeks. E. Meyer shows those times and remember the activities of the how the Jewish monotheism, which believed in the " Soldatensender Calais," will feel that the essen­ The old generation only remembers " the good creation of man in God's image, lead to ethical tials of Delmer's story are truthfully rendered. deeds" of Hitler : " The less we remember the demands, a great sense of responsibility and Also, the report is often fascinating and may read better." Many professors have forgotten that justice, the respect for the sanctity of life in all Ike a thriller to those not informed. thev based their careers on the death of Jewish its forms and care for the weak, virtues which are The second part of the book, in which Delmer colleagues. "Why are the members of the still an essential part of the Jewish heritage. The explains why his methods of psychological war­ Waffen-S.S. still alive ? Did they not say ' my faith straggle between good and evil goes on in the fare unfortunately had the effect of a boomerang is my honour' ? How do they dare still to be human heart, and the individual has complete in the altered political circumstances of the alive ? But it is all in vain. If you say ' Nazi' freedom of action without being hampered by the present day, in its presentation rather brings out he retorts ' Communist'." The god of the idea of original sin. the failings of journalistic writings. The political Germans is called Efliciency. "Take away effici­ Another fact which should impress the readers conclusions the author draws will certainly be ency and what remains of the post-war German ? of these books is the mystery of Jewish revival hotly contested, though they are fully convincing If we look back on the last three decades we see to this reviewer. a big herd of ostriches : ourselves. The past of • Hatu-Iochen Oamm ; JadcatamshiiHic ; etaie Elnfllluiiiis. With all its shortcomings this book should be many violent deaths was not caused by God, by VIene erweitene Auflaze. Ner-Tamid-Verlag. Frankfun am compulsory reading for our friends, for the older fate, by chance, nor by Hitler alone, but by us. Main. 1962. DM 8.80. generation in memory of the times when war had We are Christ and his murderers. We ourselves t Jadea and Jadcnfcindc la dcr cbrbtliclicii Wdt. Abriss der judischen Gescbichte von Anbeginn bis auf unsere Zeit to be waged on Nazism, for the younger genera­ have crucified ourselves." von Enno Meyer. Joseph Melzer Verlag in Kdln, 1962, tion (for whom it may be too difficult to read a When part of Gudmn Tempel's book was pub­ DM 9.80. book like Shirer), as an easy introduction to the lished by the Sunday Times, Admiral Ruge pro­ t Sentsizeatnlaw des dcatiekcii Jadcntmiu 1870-1945. struggles which were of such vital importance tested in a letter to the Editor. Gudrun Tempel's Mit einem Geleitwort von Helmut Gonwit2cr herausz. von to refugees from Germany. reply was : " Admiral Ruge was one of Hitler's Achim v. Boiries-Fischer Bacherei. 1962. DM. 2.40. A.B. t Robert Raphael Oeis. Oskar Hammelsbeck. Oskar Slm- foremost naval officers to the last day of the mel S.J. : Manacr des daabcns In deatscbca WMcrstand. * Sefton Dclmer: Black BoomciaBt. An AutotHography. war." Ner-Tamid-Verlag. MOnchen und Frankfun. 1961. DM 6.80. Volume Two. London Seeker A Warburg. 1962. 25s. J. LESSER. AJR INFORMATION March, 1963 Page 11 JEWISH CONTRIBUTIONS TO GERMAN LYRIC POETRY AJR MEETING ON INDEMNIFICATION Address by Martin Hirscfa Leo Baeck Institute Lecture On February 18th the AJR, jointly with thc On January 17th Dr. S. S. Prawer, Senior Lec­ Of Heinrich Heine ft can certainly be said that Council of Jews from Germany and the Anglo- turer in Gemian at the University of Birmingham, many of his outstanding achievements are con­ German Lawyers' Association, held a well- save a lecture on " Jewish Contributions to ditioned or coloured by his Jewishness ; and beside attended meeting, at which the Chairman of the ^erman Lyric Poetry " under the auspices of the him the poetry of other mid-nineteenth-century Indemnification Committee of the Bundestag, Leo Baeck Institute in the Reading Room of the Jewish poets like Moritz Hartmann or Karl Beck Rechtsanwalt Martin Hirsch, M.d.B., spoke ^ner Library. In a beautifully deUvered pales into insignificance. Of some poets of Jewish about " Der gegenwaertige Stand der Wiedergut­ Address, which deeply impressed his audience, the origin like Hugo von Hofmannsthal it must be machung ". The speaker's detailed survey of speaker gave a comprehensive survey of the said that only with great reservations and many current problems and legislative plans was pre­ notable achievements of the German-Jewish jwets qualifications can their work be claimed as a ceded by an address given by the German ^"rt ^^ emancipation. specifically Jewish contribution to German poetry. Ambassador, Herr Dr. H. von Etzdorf. A full .The first German-Jewish poets emerging from Dr. Praiwer's survey included the poetry of the report of the meeting will be publisbed in the ™e ghetto whose mother-tongue was stiU Yiddish Jewish members of the Stefan George Circle and next issue. Were not able to handle the German language as an assessment of the substantial share of the Jews creatively and naturally as lyric poetry demands. in German expressionism. Of the modem poets, Jt was left to Heinrich Heine to transcend such he spoke about the work of, among others, Karl STUDY GRANTS uirutations as his early linguistic background Wolfskehl, Richard Beer-Hofmann, Alfred imposed on him. From then onwards, and par- Morobert, Jakob van Hoddis. Alfred Lichten­ The Conference on Jewish Material Claims is jiculariy in the twentieth century, the Jews had an stein, Franz Weifel, Else Lasker-Schiiler, BerthoJd to offer grants for the tenth annual programme ™weasing share in the poetry of Germany. Viertel, Emst Blass, Ludwig Meidner, Karl Kraus, of international scholarship and fellowship grants Yet in assessing the specific Jewish contribution Hermann Broch, Gertrad Kolmar, Max Herr- for the academic year 1963-1964. Grants will be we must beware that our stereotype of the Jew marm-Neisse, Yvan GoH and Franz Baermann awarded to Jewish victims of Nazi persecution "oes not distort and colour our view of his Stedner. who qualify in Jewish teacher training and Jewish poetry. We may easily be inclined to ascribe to a In his concluding remarks the sipeaker touched studies. Fellowships will also be awarded for poets Jewishness features which he shares with on the work of German-Jewish poets in exile, independent research projects. non-Jews; and the speaker excellently conveyed suoh as NeUy Sachs and Paul Celan, and of poets Applications must be submitted on special forms ™s in the case of the often-cited Jewish of German-Jewish origin, such as Michael Ham­ obtainable from the Central British Fund, Wobum '^'nnesiinger Siisskind von Trimberg—by no burger, who was in the chair that evening. What House, Upper Wobura Place, London, W.C.1, "Jeans the least of the German troubadours, is generally regarded as the finest German poem not later than March 31. ^tain traits of his poetry have been charac- written since the war is the " Todesfuge " of Paul ^rised as " Jewish" which an unbiased observer Celan, a former German Jew, now living jn would at once recognise as the common property France. The Jewish genius had stiU a great deal FELIX MENDELSSOHN-BARTHOLDY to contribute to a nation which has so irrevo­ BURSARY When can we then speak of a traly Jewish cably terminated the history of German Jewry. ^ntribution to German poetry ? In the opinion A.P. In accordance with the request of the Inter­ • ^e speaker only when the poet in questiion national Felix Mendelssohn Society in Basle the th * ^'*<^ hy the Hebrew religious genius or by ERNST DEUTSCH AS KING PHILIPP IN " Stiftung Preussischer Kulturbesitz" will ne. special experience of Jews in a Gentile » DON CARLOS " reactivate the " Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy Jjyironment and when his voice is that of a man Emst Deutsch, whom we still remember Stipendium." The bursary was founded by the w fh u ** ^ kinship with the Jewish as weld as as Don Carlos, will himself have to answer the Prassian State in 1878 in recognition of the itti the German peoj^e. And his work will only challenge, " Sire, geben Sie Gedankenfreiheit". handing over of the musical manuscripts by Jyf^ as a significant contribution to German At his own request he will play King Phihpp in the heirs of the composer. The amounts of the ?Z^Fy if the German language has been used Schiller's tragedy, beginning August 31 at the bursaries for students at Colleges of Music have originally and creatively. Dtlsseldorf Schauspielhaus. been adjusted to the changed monetary value.

May we suggest a RESOLUTION well worth makir)g—

INTERNATIONAL REFINING CO., LTD. re disposal of your Non-Ferrous Scrap and Residues NON-FERROUS STOCKHOLDERS LTD. for your requirements in Light Alloy Sheets, Strips, Rods and Bars. MARYLAND ALLOYS LTD. for your requirements of Non-Ferrous Metal ingots. ALLOY & METAL STOCKHOLDERS LTD. for your requirements in Stainless Steel Sheets, Rods, Tubes, Plates, etc. and ensure complete satisfoction and immediate service

HEAD OFFICE and WORKS SUGAR HOUSE LANE, LONDON, E.15 Tel.: MARyland 7771 (10 lines) LONDON TELEX No. 2-3314 MANCHESTER 26 LYNTHORPE ROAD, NEW MOSTON. MANCHESTER, 10. Tel.: Foilsworth Manchester 3175 Page 12 AJR INFORMATION March, 1963 yRabbi Dr. Georg Salsberger The youth of Israel today is not as idealistic as was the youth who came as pioneers ; they are nationaUsts, interested in poUtics. Nobody SKETCHES OF THE NEW RELIGIOUS LIFE will deny that their technical accomplishments are enormous. But basically they do not differ from the youth of Westem countries. And yet not a IN ISRAEL few of them have an ever-growing feeUng of emptiness and confess to the necessity for a form The author of this book*, Herbert Weiner, a dominate, and that " in a land which the reUgious of religious expression. So far they have only rabbi of Temple Israel, South Orange, New Jer­ heart has always associated with the power of the choice between a rigid Orthodoxy or nothing sey, has made fourteen trips to Israel as a delegate rebirth ". The Greek Orthodox Archbishop can at all. Even a politician like Ben-Gurion declares, of the Israel Committee of the Central Conference say: " Living here can be a needle to the faith. " we need to have liberal Judaism ". But Reform, of Reform Rabbis of the U.S.A., to investigate Maybe its better for the faith to visit the Holy as Weiner rightly remarks, is in Israel still associ­ reUgious life there, both Christian and Jewish. Land than to live here." ated with assimilation and anti-Zionism. Never­ The results of his encounters with leading reUgious In a sense this applies to Judaism as well as to theless, there are attempts to organise liberal or personalities has been set down in a book, the the other religions. Officially the constitution of at least non-Orthodox services in Haifa (D. Elk) strange title of which was taken from its last Israel is a theocracy. The Chief Rabbinate, and in Jerusalem (Ben Chorin), Recently the first chapter. " Nowhere," says Weiner. " do such an imported from England, decides all religious ques­ Reform Synagogue was dedicated in Jerusalem: abundance and variety of reUgious institutions and tions according to strictly Orthodox law. As long its rabbi is Jerome linger, a graduate of the faiths confront each other in such close proximity " as Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook occupied the post Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati, as in Israel. He mentions the religions of the there was an understanding between him and those Druse, the Almoades. the Bahai ; speaks in more who were even agnostics. The Orthodoxy of One should not make judgments on the Israel detail of the Moslems, of whom there are 200.000 today, e.g., in the Yeshiva B'ne B'rak, or in Meah of today in terms of Westem culture, wams the in tho Holy Land, and gives copious treatment Shearim and especially of the Neturai Karta, author, " The mystery of Israel", the survival to the various Christian denominations and sects is intolerant. But so are the free-thinkers, and and the rebirth of the Jewish people should be comprising 50.000 followers. He deals, of course, they constitute the majority of the population. contemplated with awe. It is not so astonishing with the diverse Jewish religious groups—the " There is something about this land." explains that religious problems are there in the back­ Jewish population has increased to two millions. Rabbi Weiner, always trying to give an impartial ground. After fifty years too much should not be The representatives of Christianity, not a few judgment. " which does not prompt half-hearted expected from people continuously confronted with movements of the mind and soul to take root." grave miUtary and financial dangers. The attitude of them converted Jews, speak of their religion in of the present Israeli youth is understandable as a way that makes it seem Uke a Judaisation of It is true the Bible is the book which all school­ a reaction against the " over spirituaUsation" in Christianity, although they themselves call it a children read in its original language and of which the Diaspora, says the sage Rabbi Kook. Martin Christianisation, " a strengthening of the historic they learn many passages by heart. However, both Buber is inclined to think that " something like a Christian archetype as it roots itself in the to them and to their teachers it is not the Book of liberal Jewish movement will occur only after the language, climate and dust of its cradle soil". religion but of the history of their people, a next generation, after the state of excessive politi- There is no separation between Church and State history which can be fully understood only in cisation has been overcome ". We have no right in Israel, but freedom of reUgion is assured, even this land and the heroes of which are not so much to give up the hope that one day the old prophetic to missionary work (the success of which is, at the prophets and psalmists as the military leaders vision will come true: " For out of Zion shall least according to Weiner's findings, much exagger­ such as Joshua and David. The past becomes the go forth the law, and the word of the Lord from ated). Christianity and Judaism come nearer to present ; that which lies between them, the history Jerusalem ". one another, but a dialogue between their present of the Diaspora, is irrelevant. Archaeology takes leaders is not posssible because of the attitude of the place of religion. What Israelis call reUgion " The Wild Goats of Ein Gedi'", written in a Jewish Orthodoxy. is " the religion of manual labour ". It is signifi­ journalistic style, is a book which gives a vivid, Generally speaking, in Israel as elsewhere, cant that in the " Declaration of Independence " colourful and fascinating picture of the reUgious secularisation and, therefore, spiritual lifelessness God is not expressly mentioned. In the words of situation in Eretz Yisrael, rich in factual informa­ tion and intelligent observations. Anyone wanting • The WiW Coat! of Ein Gedi. by Herben Weiner. Printed Jacob Klatzkin, the new settlers " do not desire in the U.S.A. Garden City, New York, 1961. 312 pages. to create there a base for the spiritual values of to get an idea of this important as well as difficult Price J4.50. Judaism." subiect should read this book.

With the Compliments of AMC ALRECO METAL CORPORATION Ltd.

THE ATLANTIC METAL Metals, Chemicals, Ores and CO. LTD. THE LUTON Re.sidues KNITTING For Ferrous and Non-Ferrous COMPANY Metals LTD.

Monufacfurers of Jersey Cloth and Knitted Headwear Adelphi Terrace House, Wholesale only London, W.C.2

Fulton Road, Wembley Park, 15-23 St, Pancras Way, 664-668 DUNSTABLE ROAD, Middlesex. London, N,W,1 LUTON, BEDFORDSHIRE New York Brussels EUSton 9001/7 Tel.: Luton 52516/7 AJR INFORMATION March, 1963 Page 13 THE MIRACLE OF KEREM-MAHARAL OBITUARY Eliezer Jurmann—In Memoriam JAKOB ALTMAIER Out of the desolation of the ancient village opposition, the new Director introduced a number Member of German Federal Parliament ot Igsim, on the woody slopes of Westem Galilee, of sweeping changes. The senseless tradition of not far away from the crowded highway to Haifa, the dull " Orphanage-Uniform" was abolished. Mr. Jakob Altmaier, who was one of the three some ten or twelve years ago grew the little com­ Children were dressed individually—^just as other Jewish members of the German Federal Parlia­ munity of Kerem-Mabaral. It was not just normal children. The boring and distressing drill ment, passed away on February Sth at the age another new settlement. It was a fascinating and —usually accepted as the only reasonable time­ of 73. He was an active Social Democrat from interesting educational experiment: a homely, table in the regulated life of an Orphanage—dis­ his early youth onwards and, until 1933, worked inendly community, specially planned and created appeared. For the first time in their living as a journalist for several leading German papers. 'Or youngsters in need of guidance and particular memory, the children received pocket-money, a When he was forced to emigrate, he became a "^h^M ^"'^ ^°^ ^^^^ ^^^ generally called problem rather " revolutionary" step in those years. correspondent to several papers in Britain and However, the real importance of Jurmann's France. After the war, he returned to Germany. This work of the building up of Kerem-Maharal skill as an educationist became evident when he He was a member of the Bonn Parliament since was solely the result of the idealism and, in fact, and his wife arrived in Israel, just shortly after its inception in 1949. Jakob Altmaier also took |ue stubborn efforts of an outstanding educationist, the establishment of the State. It was the time an active part in the preparation of The Hague wiezer Jurmann. He died a little while ago, at the of the beginning of the mass aliyot from all four Agreement, concluded in 1952 between the age of 69. corners of the world. There was enough work for Federal Republic and the State of Israel, and was Jurmann was born in the town of Luebeck him to do. But he was not out after a " job." His a member of the Indemnification Committee of ly*™any) and educated there under the Jewish- idea was to carry on with his specific task, i.e., to the Bundestag. urthodox influence of Rav Dr. Salomon Carle- educate where educational work is needed most oach. His earlv ambition was to become a school- urgently. — DR. GEORG WEISSMANN jeacher. In 1910 he entered the Jewish Teachers' And so he got the abandoned old village of ^"ege (Juedisches Lehrer-Seminar) at Cologne, Igsim in the north of the country, a heap of Dr. Georg Weissmann, formerly lawyer in « that time headed by Dr Emanuel Carlebach, ruins. At this spot he (and he alone) created Beuthen, passed away in Tel Aviv. His name was fo t\L °^^^^^^^ of the First War, he volunteered Kerem-Maharal, a pleasant little settlement, for closely associated with the so-called Bernheim or the army, rose to the rank of an officer, was youngsters, children in need of care, of love, of Petition which, together with several other legal (iT*^''**^. and severely wounded in France, After specific education and training, and of even more experts, he submitted to the League of Nations in ,• ^-J"'' of hostilities, he became a religion teacher specific social guidance. Jurmann's friends were 1933. As the result of the petition (called after a '"Copenhagen, doubtful, and his colleagues warned him. And Jewish employee who had been dismissed by his off ^ ^^* -'*^''* '^'^'' (1929) the attractive yet—he fulfilled his task. And succeeded. firm for " racial " reasons) the Jews in Upper Silesia er reached him to become Headmaster and Kerem-Maharal is the memorial that Jurmann were recognised as a minority in the meaning of himself has set up. He was one of the silent the German-Polish Agreement and not affected /. ^^'^'Pr of the well-known Jewish Orphanage by the Nazi legislation until this Agreement he t "**^^ Waisenhaus) in Basle (Switzerland), people in Israel. It is the duty of those responsible for Israel's educational efforts to honour Jurmann's expired in 1937, In Israel. Dr. Weissmann was Knew at once that this was not only the offer a legal adviser with the United Restitution WaV ^°^' ^^^ °^ ^^^ ^^^^^ chance he had been achievements and not to forget Kerem-Maharal in a'tmg for. Disregarding a certain amount of Galilee. A. RAPHAEL (Ramat-Gan, Israel). Organisation. LOOK SPECIALLY SLIM AJR CHARITABLE TRUST These are the ways in which you can help: CONTRIBUTIONS UNDER COVENANT (in lieu of your membership subscription to the AJR). A Covenant commits the covenanter for a period of seven years or during his life, whichever period is .shorter. GIFTS IN YOUR LIFETIME A BEQUEST IN YOUR WILL Ask for particulars from: The Secretary, AJR Charitable Trust, 8 Fairfax Mansions, London, N.W.3. Space donated by an Anonymous Donor •N THE NEMEWW g • m^

special A WORLD-WIDE TRAVEL • • ^^^^ PAT. UNO. Througli mmettt BARON TRAVa COMPANY 15. EDGWAREBURY GARDENS. Unique Silhouette 'X' panels behind you as well ai EOGWARE, MIDDLESEX in front give you all-round control wilh freedom. Tei. : STOnegrove 5019 - 8626 Elastic side panels smooth your hips and thighs. In Cables ; TRANSBARON, EDGWARE clastic net with 100 denier Bri-Nylon. Silver Lurex PROPRIETOR: I. G. I. BARON, M.T.A.l. trimming. White or Black. Small, medium, m ty I large and extra large. 5 X '' ALWAYS AT YOUR PERSONAL SERVICE MIMHR OF TRAVtL TRADE ASSOCIATION 4 IRITISH TRAVEL & HOLIDAVf Corsets Silhouette Ltd.. 84 Baker St., London, W.l. AttOCIATIOM jf»Sg^-5F-sgr:«i8arariWIR

Page 14 AJR INFORMATION March, 1^3

E-Jton Larsen currency reserves, which reached about $114 million, as against $95 million last year. Despite the increased local demand, there was a large rise in exports of goods and services, from WHAT ARE WE WORTH? $411 milUon in 1961 to $581 million in 1962. There was a rise of some 8% in the prices of An Interesting Publication private consumption, and a greater rise in the costs of investments, imported equipment and One of the things in British life that surprised economists as well as sociologists. And who will building. The over-all price level of consumption many of us when we first heard about it is the deny that some new thinking is vitally important, and investment goods thus rose by about 12% fact that a professional soldier can, as a rule, buy considering that we are faced with an imminent in 1962, as against 8% in 1961. himself out of the Forces, and that the price he "population explosion," and that—as Dr, ZeitUn At the time of the devalution there was has to pay depends on the length of time he reminds us—at least half the world's population $120 million worth of foreign currency reserves has been serving, i.e., on the amount which the exist on a starvation diet ? " The future and fate in the possession of recipients of restitution oi State has invested in training him. Dr. Leon of Mr, and Mrs, Average in under-developed compensation from Germany, and since then Zeitlin must have been one of the few Continen­ countries," he says, " as well as in industrialised $140 million more has been received from various tals who regarded this not only as logical but societies, must be brought into the picture, not sources. Only about one-third of the restitution as a vindication of the basic idea that the weaUh as abstracts, but in terms of living human-beings ". payments, the additional reserves and the accumu­ of society depends essentially more on human Oscar Wilde spoke with the same fundamental lated reserve, was converted into Israeli pounds. potentialities and qualifications than on a country's economic wisdom when he coined his bon mot: The Government has made a strenuous effort to natural resources, production of goods, or even "People know the price of everything, but the moderate the pressure to increase prices, thus its gold reserves. value of nothing." helping to prevent cost inflation. Of the total budget of I£2,790 million, the Dr. ZeitUn has been concerned with these following are interesting features of the Develop­ economic and sociological ideas throughout his ment Budget: The first stage of the Jordan-Negev life. Fifty-five years ago he published his first ISRAEL'S NEW BUDGET Project will be completed this year, and I£82.5 essay in Germany, assessing the economic value million is included in the Budget for this purpose. of the life of a grown-up Prussian at something Israel's economy has continued to expand in The Budget earmarks a sum of I£17 million for like £8(X). Now, in his eighty-eighth year, he 1962, and on the whole has succeeded in adjusting regional and local water projects. The Govern­ returns to his favourite subject, summing-up his to the effects of the currency devaluation. This ment will also aid in the construction of water findings and experiences in a 100-page booklet was what Mr. Levi Eshkol, Minister of Finance, desaUnation plants. called "Life's Value in Cash".* told the Knesset when he presented the Budget In the coming year sufficient houses will be Here Is a smack in the eye of orthodox econ­ for 1963/64. The elimination of multiple exchange built to meet immigration needs. A total of omic thinking. Marxist and Keynesian alike rates ended most of the distortions that had an 20,000 apartments will go up in public housing dealt with the vitality of a young rebel. No more undesirable effect on the development of the estates. The establishment of the new town of than half-a-dozen British. American or German economy. It brought about a considerable change Carmiel in Galilee will be begun with some 350 scholars have ever studied the question of man's in relative prices, which encourages the replace­ to 400 housing units, the construction of an access value seriously. Dr. Zeitlin does not, of course, ment of imports by local products, and has made road, water supply, an electricity network, etc. tell us what we are exactly worth in £,s,d, (he exports considerably more profitable. The Budget will also make possible the addition admits that it was a mistake to assign a standard The national product increased by 12%—a of 20,000 new telephones, making a total of value to his specimen Prussian), but the booklet slightly faster growth than in previous years. The 105,000 in the country. contains food for thought for a generation of additional manpower provided by immigration In the coming year the implementation of the and the local population was absorbed without development plan for Arab and Druse villages, • Leon ZeiUin: Ufe't V»1M ia Cash. With a Preface by E>onaId Tycrman, Editor of the " Economist." Oswald difficulty. which is aimed at providing the basic economic Wolff. lOs. «d. An outstanding increase was recorded in foreign and social services, will continue. H.F.

FAMILY EVENTS Schlachter.—The Rev, Sally Schlach- HUNGARIAN REFUGEE, formerly MISSING PERSONS ter (formerly Stavenhagen/Mecklen­ a bookkeeper in Budapest, six years burg), of 5 Clifton Street, Aberdare, in this country, seeks post as cashier, Personal Enquiries Entries in the column Family Events Glamorgan, passed peacefully away, wages clerk or similar position, pre­ Stein.—Dr. med. Stein, lady doctor, are free of charge. Texts should be aged 84, on February 6th, Deeply ferably in the catering industry. Box last known address Danzig-Oliva. sent in by the 18th of the month. mourned by his wife. Alma (nde 207, Adolf Hitlerstrasse No. 115, until Salomon), and relatives. HOMEWORK WANTED, typing or about 1938 or 1939, wanted by Mrs. Birth Stem.—Dr. Ernest H. Stern, 32 sewing. Box 208, G. Haas, 12 Rue de Longchamp. NeuiUy-sur-Seine, France. Ossulton Way, N.2, passed away on MisceUaneous Baddiel.—To Sarah (nte Fabian) and February 19th, at the age of 71. SUPERFLUOUS HAIR safely and Juedische Haushaltsschule Beriin.— Colin Baddiel on January 31st, 1963, Deeply mourned by his wife, Mar­ permanently removed by qualified Can any reader give information at Troy, N.V., U.S.A., a son, Ivor garet, his son and daughter. Physiotherapist and Electrolysist, about the address of Mrs. Hammer­ Benjamin. Both well. First grand­ Facials, Body massage. Visits schlag, formerly Head of the child for Mr. and Mrs. E. Fabian, 42 CLASSIFIED arranged, Mrs, Dutch, D,R,E„ 239 Juedische Haushaltsschule, Berlin. Hertford Street, Cambridge. Situations Vacant Auguststr.. or about the following Willesden Lane, N,W,2, Tel, : WIL­ particulars : How long did a course MANCHESTER (Didsbury). Lady, lesden 1849, take for pupils with and without Deaths about 60 years, middle-class back­ TRAINED NURSE willing to accom­ " Abitur" ? Was there a special ground, wanted as attendant for pany invalid on visit to Israel in course for dietary cooking or was Goidmann.—Mrs. Eva Goldmann (nee elderly lady suffering from loss of April in return for part payment of that incorporated in the general Landau), widow of the late Rabbi Dr. memory; about three hours per fare. Box 200, syllabus ? Felix Goldmann (Leipzig), died sud­ morning, six times per week. Replies COUPLE from Waldenburg would denly on January 26th, 1963. to Mr. and Mrs. I., 120 Palatine like to meet others from that town Mourned by her sons, Joel, Michael Road, Manchester, 20. with a view to making social contacts, and Hans, relatives and friends. Situations Wanted 'Phone Liesel Guttman, EDGware AJR CLUB Men 6467, Zion House, 57 Eton Avenue, Hobbins.—Henry Hobbins, of 51 STOCKKEEPER / DESPATCH / N.W.3 Trevelyan Crescent, Kenton, Middle­ EXTEND the life of your favourite sex, passed away suddenly after a FILING CLERK, 57, seeks full- or books by repair (not complete reno­ SUNDAY, MARCH 17 short illness on January 28th. 1963. part-time work. Box 202. vation). Box 209, Deeply mourned by his wife, Margot SENIOR SHIPPING CLERK, know­ Personal at 4.30 p.m. (nee Bruehl), his children, Peter and ledge of languages, also sales repre­ HANDSOME YOUNG MAN, very LUCIE SCHACHNE : Ellen, his son-in-law, Jan Mitchell, sentation, seeks responsible position. good position, from well-off family, his sister, Jenny Nathanson, relatives Box 203. wishes to marry attractive young gurl and friends. VERSATILE, elderiy gentleman (pen­ from similar milieu. Box 201. CHAIM sioner), efficient correspondent/secre­ GENTLEMAN, 39. born in Germany, Hulse.—Mrs. Lucie Hulse (n6e Weiss), tary/clerk, fluent linguist, seeks domiciled in Belgium. Good posi­ formerly Bunzlau, passed away peace- full- or part-time post. Box 205. tion, tall, good-looking, secondary WEIZMANN futty on February 14th, 1963, at the Women school education, looking for attrac­ age of 76. Deeply mourned by her Sein Leben und Werk BOOKKEEPER / SHORTHAND - tive girl with good figure and of good children, grandchildren, relatives and family, age up to 29. Object matri­ This talk on the occasion of the friends. TYPIST / CORRESPONDENT, ex­ perienced, versatile, seeks full- or mony. Replies with photograph, recent tenth anniversary of Dr. part-time work. Box 204. which will be retumed immediately. Weizmann's death was originally Lehmann.—Mr. Guenther Lehmann Box 199. scheduled for January, but hod (formerly Berlin and Johannesburg) SENIOR GERMAN / ENGLISH to be postponed. passed away on February 9th, 1963. SHORTHAND - TYPIST / SECRE­ AJR Needlewoman Service Space donated by TARY requires position in small WOMEN available for alterations, TRAOE CUTTERS LIMITED at his home, 7 Eldon Court. N.W.6, Britannia Works. 25 St. Pancras War. aged 58 years. Deeply mourned by firm ; experienced in bookkeeping and mending, handicrafts. 'Phone MAI. N,W,1 his wife and son, family and friends. stock control. Box 206. 4449. AJR INFORMATION March, 1963 Page 15

ionel Kochan GERMAN GOVERNMENT SUPPORTS A LEO BAECK INSTITUTE CANADIAN JEWRY SCRUTINISED The German Federal Government has decided to lend its support to the Leo Baeck Institute This book,* which commemorates the era of Displaced Persons and refugees. All these and, this year, made a first allocation towards bicentenary of Jewish immigration into Canada, movements of migration were, of course, con­ the work of the Institute's American and British suffers from a number of defects. It is not too nected with specific political and economic sections. well written, its material is not very well presented upheavals in the originating areas. To mark the presentation to the British section, and it sometimes over-emphasises the obvious, The overall result has been to produce a com­ a luncheon was given by the German Ambassador, But It is well to disregard these defects and to munity that shares many salient characteristics with Herr Dr. H. von Etzdorf, to which members of express one's gratitude to the author for what is, those of Great Britain or the United States. Thus the London Committee of the Leo Baeck Institute It appears, the first serious and well-documented it is predominantly urban, with three-quarters of were invited. In handing over the grant. Herr work devoted to the history of Canadian Jewry. the Canadian Jewish population residing in Mon­ von Etzdorf stressed that the German Federal Government welcomed the work of the Institute Ihat history has taken place against a threefold treal, Toronto and Winnipeg. On the other hand, Background, each component of which has it is also interesting to note that " Jews are the and intended to further it to the best of ils lavoured Canadian Jewry—Canadian society has only ethnic group which, in coming to Canada, abilities. He went on to say: " Die Bundes­ feen characterised by cultural pluralism, economic increased the percentage of farmers amongst them­ regierung hofft, dass die wissenschaftliche expansion and a continuously changing pattern of selves instead of decreasing it ". As far as occupa­ Erforschung der Geschichte des deutschen social transformation. The 'first of these is well tional distribution is concerned, the majority of Judentums durch das Institut dazu beitragen wird, summed up in the assertion that Canada, as dis­ Jewish family heads in the larger urban centres dem deutschen Volk das lange fruchtbare Zusam­ junct from the United States, is not a melting-pot. are wage or salary earners. In the smaller centres menleben mit der deutsch-juedischen Gemeinde Leadership in the direction of ethnic pluraUsm the Jews are engaged in trades or the professions. bewusst zu machen, die Versoehnung zu foerdern, "^s, of course, been taken bv the French In such professions as medicine, law, dentistry, und das gemeinsame kulturelle Erbe emeut wirken *-anadians. pharmacy and social work Jews are represented zu lassen." in greater proportion than their ratio amongst the The thanks of the Leo Baeck Institute for the Small Beginnings general population would suggest. Even the type decision of the Federal Govemment and the of antisemitism encountered does not seem to be personal interest of the Ambassador were .^''f,first Jewish settlers in Canada came from so very different from that prevalent in the United expressed by Dr. E. Rosenbaum. th fi '''^^" colonies of North America, but for States. On this point Mr. Kage quotes an article f^ century of Canadian Jewish history, say from Macleans Magazine: '". . . a citizen of the GERMAN JEWISH COMMUNAL WORKERS y^ 1760-1850, their numbers were very small. Jewish faith can't live where he wants. He can't TO BE COMMEMORATED 'MS, in 1831 when the first official census of join a long list of exclusive clubs ... no Jew , Jews in Canada was taken, it showed only 107 is a director of a Canadian insurance company As already announced in this paper, the Council tR^f ''«'dent in Upper and Lower Canada. In and only one sits on the Board of a chartered of Jews from Germany is preparing the publication •n, ' u ''* *^''s ^''" °"'y 15'* J^wist* residents, bank. ... In some suburbs and country resorts, of a book in which those leaders of German •^ney belonged to the Sephardi bourgeoisie, some home owners band together in their refusal to Jewry who perished under the Nazi regime are were wealthy and engaged in trade, commerce and sell to Jews. In others Jews can buy only on to be commemorated. To secure the utmost pos­ noustry. The first conareaation was founded in certain streets. . . ." sible completeness, names and particulars of any n^ontreal in 1768 unde'r The name of Shearith national or local communal workers coming under ^^^^' and it preserved unaltered every tenet of On the other hand, this aspect of Canadian the category described should be sent to the: unnodoxy and conservatism. But this did not Jewish life should clearly not be over-estimated, Council of Jews from Germany. 183/189 Finchley fff^^"' 'he communitv from enjoying an existence if the statistics of inter-marriage are any guide. Road, London, N.W.3, ree of all discrimination, In the last three decades, for example, the rate has on *^ir the middle of the nineteenth century tripled, so that the ratio of mixed to total Jewish AUSTRIAN AWARD FOR DR. GEORG WEIS ynwards this tiny and exclusive community was marriages has now reached about 14 per cent. It is figures such as these which suggest that later The President of Austria has conferred a '""'•amentaUy Uansformed, Between about 1850 decoration for service to the Austrian RepubUc """ the present, the author distinguishes four anniversaries of Canadian Jewish settlement may not be as happy an occasion as the bicentenary. on Dr. Georg Weis. Dr. Weis, who is a British waves of immigration all of which combined citizen, has been active in Austria since 1956, when j° produce the Canadian-Jewish community of he was appointed Secretary of the Assistance Fund oaay. pirst ^^^^^ ^^^ German period extending VIENNA COMMUNITY LEADER RETIRES for Emigrants (Hilfsfonds). In 1959 he was put irom 1850 to the 1870s; the East European Dr. Emil Maurer. aged 79, has resigned as in charge of the Collecting Agency for Heirless ?Q"™' 1870-1920; the Central European period, Property (Sammelstelle), and since 1960 he has '^^-;o-1939. After 1939 the author writes of the President of the Vienna Jewish community because of ill-health. Dr. Maurer has always been Secretary of the Property Restoration Fund 'of 'T''"*' ^'^'^ • ^** "'•'»'' ""^ TliankstiTtat. The Story been closely associated with the Social Demo­ (Abgeltungsfonds). During the first post-war lramii^° Hundred Years of Jewish Immieration and \cars Dr. Weis worked in Germany as legal •"wgrant Aid Effort in Canada (1760-1960). Eagle Publishing cratic Movement. During the war he lived in • Canada. 288pp. England as a refugee. adviser to the Jewish Relief Unit.

BRIGHTON The Exclusive Salon de Corseterie "HOUSE ARLET" Board residence. Single and 'THE HOUSE ON THE HILL' Mme H. LIEBERG 77 St. Gabriel'i Rood, N.W.2 oouble rooms. Hot and cold. 'Phone : GLA. 4029 •excellent cuisine. Homely Nursery and Kindergarten 871 FINCHLEY ROAD Visitors to London are welcomed in mv (Ne)!t to the Po5t Office. Golders Green) exquisitely furnished and cultured Private Qtrriosphere. From 5 gns. Hotel. 'Phone : SPEedwell 8673 Central Heating, Garden, TV. IR r- ^"- «"'«»• 5 NETHERHALL GARDENS, N.W.3 Readv-made and to measure. Good residential district- 'o Cissbury Road. Brighton Prospectus frotn the Principal, HAM. 1662 EXPERT AND QUALIFIED FITTERS MRS. LOTTE SCHWARZ Telephone: Brighton 71453

SIMAR HOUSE THE DORICE THE CONTINENTAL" 9 ChHrch Rood, Southbourne The private Continental Hotel Picardy Hotel Continental Cuisine—Licensed LICENSED (Bournemouth 48804) „'0-12 Herbert Road 169a Finchley Rood, N.W.S Meyrick Road, East Cliff, BOURNEMOUTH WEST (MAI. 6301) Facing sea ; an intimate Hotel, BOURNEMOUTH s always, the House with the PARTIES CATERED FOR with great charm and every com­ home-like atmosphere 'Phone 20751/3 fort, accommodates 30. Car park. °nd its beautiful gardens. 2 minutes beach, town and amusements. Book now for your holidays. CENTRALLY HEATED 54 bedrooms, central heating, lift. 2 TV COMFORTABLE HOME •akes bookings now for the lounges, card and reading lounge. Weekly entertainment in seoson. Holidays. DINING/BALLROOM seating 150 FOR OLD LADIES Open all the year. With DIETS on request INFORMAL DANCES '" *asy reach of Sea and Town Centre ENGLISH & CONTINENTAL CUISINE Moderate Terms NEW: FULLY CENTRAL HEATED Mrs. MARGOT SMITH OWN LOCK-UP GARAGES Personal attention : 68 Shoof-up Hill, N.W.Z Khone : Westbourne 64176 BOOK EARLY FOR YOUR EASTER MR. & MRS. H. SCHREIBER AND SUMMER HOLIDAYS Phone: GLA. S838 =¥^ Do you want comfort and _. every convenience. SWI 2202 GUEST HOUSE '•"^^'Closs Accommodation NORWEST CAR HIRE Newly redecorated. Double and ',„ °*A,'''"'' excellent Continental FOR single divan rooms. Partial boord. 'ood. TV. lounge, gardens ? LTD. Mrs. A. WOLFF, Continental cuisine. i Hemstal Road, N.W.6 69 GREENCROFT GARDENS. N.W.6 (MAI. 8521) MINIGAR HIRE HAM. 4150 & 4154 (near Finchley Road Tube Station) 'Phone: MAIda Vale 1673 mmm sm i^^^i^^ggg^^^g ^fc:7^^::;;^;g-tjv•-^

Page 16 AJR INFORMATION March, 1963

POTENTIAL IMMIGRANTS NEWS FROM ISRAEL The twelfth annual conference of the Associa­ tion of British Immigrants was held in Jerusalem. SOBLEN'S DEPORTATION WHO IS A JEW? Mr. Moshe Yakir, an oflicial of the Jewish Agency's Immigration Department, told the con­ According to a Ministerial Committee specially A draft Bill has been presented to the Knesset ference that, during a recent four-week visit to sstaWished to investigate tlie circumstances sur- by the Minister of the Interior to clarify the Britain, he had met many hundreds of would-be 'ounding Dr. Robert Soblen's deportation last f)erson!al status of Israeli citizens and determine immigrants. July, his expulsion was legally ordered but who is Jewish and who is not in law. The new The reasons given for wanting to settle in Israel, certain " irregularities" occurred in its innple- draft confirms existing rulings by statiiig that any­ he declared, included antisemitism, concem to mentation. In future cases a " real possibility " one who declares himself in good faith to be a secure a Jewish education for their children and, must be given to anyone under an expulsion order Jew must be so registered unless he has become on the part of many youngsters, the feeling of to contact his lawyer before being physically a member of another religion. frustration and the lack of social and cultural life. expelled, the committee stated. Two unnamed A section has been incorporated stating: " No senior officials are stated to have exceeded their one shall be registered as being of Jewish JEWISH AGENCY PROBLEMS authority in this case. nationality if he is registered as belonging to The publication of the report, rather than another religion." This may give rise to a dispute At -» meeting of the Executive of the Jewish closing the matter, hais renewed criticism of the since a mmrber of Israelis refused to reply to Agency held in Jerusalem, the Agency's grave Government's handling of Soblen's expulsion. a question about their reldgilon in the last census, lack of income was discussed and it was decided The independent daily newsipaper Ha-aretz claiming that this was a private matter.—

PHOTOCOPIES Catering with a Jifferenee BRASSIERES, CORSETS M. FISCHLER QUICK and RELIABLE INTERIORS Foods of all nations for formal or infor­ AND CORSELETS (Previously M. Fischler), mal occasions—in your ov^n home or any Continental Upholstery) venue. Free consultations—please 'phone ANNOUNCING THE OPENING OF A GOLDERSTAT All mode to measure COMPLETE HOUSE FURNISHING SERVICE MRS. A. MAYER Come to us for your Carpets. Curtains 25, Downham Rood, N.l and Upholstered Furniture. 'Phone : CLIssold 5464 (5 lines) Mrs. ILLY LIEBERMANN 17 Walm Lane, N.W.Z western 3872 'Phone No.: SPE. 1451 Phone : WIL. 0762 ; evenings EDG. 5411 54, Golders Gardens, N.W.II 'Phone : SPEedwell 5643 JEWISH BOOKS HIGHEST PRICES of all kinds, new and tecond-hand. STANDARD SEWING MACHINE SERVICE Ltd. paid for Whole Libraries and Single Volumes ELITE TYPEWRITER Co. Ltd Ladles' and Gentlemen's cast-off bought. Taleisim. Bookbinding WEL. 2S28 Clothing, Suitcases, Trunks, etc. M. SULZBACHER Al) Makes Bought. Sold & Exchanged. (Ladies' large sizes preferred) Repairs, Maintenance. JEWISH A HEBREW BOOKS (also purchase) WE GO ANYWHERE, ANY TIME 18 CRAWFORD STREET, BAKER STREET, W.l 4 Sneath Avenue, Golders Green Rd., London, N.W.ll. Tel.: SPE. 1694 S. DIENSTAG RABEXSTEIX Ltd. A. OTTEIV F.B.O.A (Hor,s) (HAMpstead 0748) DEUTSCHE BUECHER Kosher Butchers, Poulterers OPHTHALMIC OPTICIAN SHOE REPAIRS GESUCHT• and RICH'S SHOE REPAIR SERVICE R. & E. STEINER (BOOKS) (formerly REICH) now at Tel.: 118 FINCHLEY ROAD 5 GARSON HOUSE. Sausage Manufacturers GLOUCESTER TERRACE. LONDON, W.3 133, HAMILTON RD., N.W.I 1 'Ptionc : AMBassador 1S64 HAMpstead OPPOSITE JOHN BARNES & Ausaewaehites Lager seltener und Under the supervision of the Beth Din (2 minutes Brent Station) vergriffener Buecher. 8336 FINCHLEY RD. MET. STN. Wholesalers and Retailers We collect and deliver 'Phone: SPE. 7463; HAM. 1037 of first-class LUGGAGE REPAIRS COMFORTAIR H. KAUFMANN Large selection of all types of travel goods. Continental Sausages especiallv Air Travel Cases. All Heating and Plumbing Painting & Decorating All travel goods repaired. Daily Deliveries Old trunks and cases bought. Specialising in FAIRFIELD & FUCHS 11 Fairhazel Gardens, N.W.6 SPE. 0615 High-class Interior Decorating 210 West End Lane, N.W.G •Phone: MAI. 3224 and MAI. 9236 201 Wembley Hill Road, 'Phone HAMpstead 2602 Wembley, Middx. (ARNold 5525)

The WIGMORE LAUNDRY Ltil. R gL f» (ELECTRICAL | TO CHANGE OF ADDRESS • >• INSTALLATIONS) LII/' CONTINENTAL LAUNDRY SPECIALISTS (Incorporating Reissner & Goldberg) In order to ensure that you get ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS your copy of AJR Information Most London Districts Served 199b Belsize Rood, N.W.6 regularly, please be sure to inform SHE. 4575 brings us by radio MAI. 2646 us immediately of any change of Write or 'phone the Manager, 24-hour telephone service Agents for Hoover, Frigidaire, address. Kenwood MR. E. HEARN, 1 STRONSA ROAD, LONDON, W.12 Thermodare Warm Home Specialists

Printad al tha Sharon Press, 31 Furnival Street, London, E.C.4.