DOCSLIB.ORG

The Stormtrooper Family

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Stormtrooper Family THE STORMTROOPER FAMILY : HOW SEXUALITY , S PIRITUALITY , AND COMMUNITY SHAPED THE HAMBURG SA A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History By Andrew Wackerfuss, M.A. Washington, DC December 15, 2008 Copyright 2008 by Andrew Wackerfuss All Rights Reserved ii THE STORMTROOPER FAMILY : HOW SEXUALITY , SPIRITUALITY , AND COMMUNITY SHAPED THE HAMBURG SA Andrew Wackerfuss, M.A. Thesis Advisor: Roger Chickering, Ph.D. ABSTRACT The dissertation explains the attraction of the stormtroopers ( Sturmabteilung ; SA), the Nazis’ paramilitary band of “political soldiers” in the city of Hamburg. It argues that social networks and personal relationships – including family ties, religious affiliations, and sexual bonds among stormtroopers – represented the primary means of recruiting and integrating new members into the Nazi movement. The SA emphasized the social, emotional, and political benefits that young men could accrue by joining the group, which established an array of social welfare systems during the dismal days of the depression. In return for food and housing, male camaraderie, a sense of ersatz family, and the promise of social and economic integration into the local community, young stormtroopers became the Party’s foot soldiers. SA pubs and barracks were simultaneously places of refuge and sites of violence, where the stormtroopers were taught to strive for a sacrificial death that Party propagandists could use to argue for Nazi heroism, Communist criminality, and republican inability to maintain order in the German state. Hamburg’s stormtroopers claimed to defend their communities and families. The stormtroopers’ justifications for their violence are unintelligible outside this local context, which in Hamburg often featured appeals to Hanseatic independence, economic iii autonomy, and gendered authority for aspiring merchant men over their families and neighborhoods. Stormtroopers claimed altruistic motivations and heroic self-sacrifice, but their main concern was with keeping their own threatened places in the local hierarchy. SA men mobilized political, racial, and gendered arguments for their own authority, worked to align differing organizations behind a common Nazi banner, and built structures that sheltered them from the inherent clash between their ideas and reality. The stormtroopers’ political mobilization was thus a quest for local personal status carried out in the context of a national political struggle. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………… iii TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………………… v DEDICATION …………………………………………………………… viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS …………………………………………………… ix LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS …………………………………………………… xiii INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………… 1 CHAPTER I THE ORIGINS OF THE HAMBURG SA (1922-1929) ……………….. 37 “Hansastadt Hamburg”: Political Culture in a Free City ..………………………… 38 Hamburg After the First World War: Social and Political Change ……………………………… 46 From Vereinsleben to SA Violence: The Transformation of Nazi Politics ……………………… 54 “Boss System” vs. “Front-soldier Spirit”: The Re-Founded NSDAP and Rising SA …………….. 75 CHAPTER II T HE BATTLE OF STERNSCHANZE : V IOLENCE AND SELF -REPRESENTATION IN THE HAMBURG MEDIA (1930) … 95 “Storm Column”: The Nazi New Media in Hamburg ………………………. 97 The “neighborhood offensive”: SA Violence and Public Presence, 1925-1930 …….. 101 “The Battle of Sternschanze”: September 7, 1930 ……………………………………. 104 CHAPTER III RELIGION AND SPIRITUALITY IN THE SA (1930-1932) ……………. 131 v Alfred Conn: Stormtrooper General and Pagan Intellectual …………… 138 Franz Tügel: Pastor to the Stormtroopers …………………………… 157 CHAPTER IV SONS , B ROTHERS , C OMRADES , AND LOVERS : THE MEN OF THE SA (1930-1932) …………………….. 177 “An essentially healthy society”: Masculinity and German Politics to 1918 ………………... 180 “What kind of guy are you?”: Stormtrooper Masculinity in Theory and Practice ……….. 193 The stormtrooper body: Physical Prowess in Political Context ……………………. 195 Convex Mirrors: Constructing Jewish Men as Stormtrooper Countertypes … 200 Comrades or “Criminals”?: Homophobia as Political and Psychological Defense Mechanism ……………………………………. 206 CHAPTER V FAMILY LIFE AND LIVING SPACES : THE POLITICS OF DOMESTICITY IN THE SA (1930-1932) .. 226 “Over Hard Streets”: Economic Depression and Family Instability as Engines of SA Growth .……………………………. 226 SA Homes and Kitchens: Social Assistance and Ideological Conditioning in the SA Subculture …………………………………….. 241 Love and Marriage: The State of the Stormtrooper Family ……………………. 259 Mothers, Wives, and Girlfriends: Women and the SA …………………………………….. 262 vi CHAPTER VI THE MARCH TO POWER (1931-1933) …………………………… 274 From Word to Deed: The SA Subculture as School for Violence ……………. 274 “The Victims are Guilty!”: Conflict and Sympathy Between SA and Police ………. 290 “In Public They Play the Innocents!”: Cycles of Restraint and Overreach in SA Violence …….. 296 “A Whole City in Unrest”: Altona Bloody Sunday and the Fall of the Republic …… 310 CHAPTER VII THE REWARDS OF VICTORY (1933-1934) …………………… 322 From Hansastadt to Führerstadt : The Nazi Takeover of Hamburg ………………….. 323 “Nothing for Ourselves”?: The Stormtroopers Seek Reward …………………… 329 “Old fighters” and Opportunists: The Triumphant SA’s Identity Crisis …………………… 357 “Nicht vergemeinschaftend ”: Frustration and Backlash Against the Unrestrained SA …. 367 CHAPTER VIII DEFEAT AND DOWNFALL (1934-1935) …………………….. 376 June 30, 1934: The Night of the Long Knives ……………………. 378 Justifying the Purge: The Mobilization of Homophobic Panic ……………. 380 “Cleansing the SA”: Expulsion from Public Life on Private Grounds …… 390 Epilogue: The Tamed SA in the Nazi State …………………… 401 CONCLUSION : T HE STORMTROOPERS ’ L EGACY ..…………………………. 416 BIBLIOGRAPHY ……………………………………………………………. 423 vii TO MY FAMILY viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This analysis of the stormtroopers’ social networks and personal relationships would not have been possible had I not myself enjoyed such strong systems of support from the many family members, friends, mentors, and institutions who have helped me along the way. At Georgetown, both the history department and the BMW Center for German and European Studies provided me with the formal training, informal support, and financial backing needed to pursue the long quest now completed. Much of the credit for this dissertation must therefore accrue to the faculty and staff in these two departments. First among equals stands Roger Chickering, whose broad mentorship and fine editorial hand subtlely and ably guided this project from its opening stages to its final phases. Richard Stites’ constant vitality, exuberance, and encyclopedic knowledge of history’s amusing corners encouraged me to plumb the depths of Nazi culture in ways I had not previously considered. Katrin Sieg provided a rigorous theoretical background and a much-needed historiographical perspective on fascism’s struggles with gender, masculinity, and sexuality. Geoffrey Giles, of the University of Florida, has long been a fierce supporter, a trenchant critic, and source of personal inspiration. His specific expertise in the history of Nazi sexuality, as well as Hamburg history, was invaluable. I must also thank Peter Hayes, of Northwestern University, who long ago gave me a model of professional poise and intellectual accomplishment that lit the way for all I have done ix since. This work could not have reached its completion without the support, encouragement, and perspective of these and many other scholars. Of the institutions that gave financial and intellectual support, I must first thank the Fulbright Commission, whose generous grant made possible my primary research in Hamburg, from 2003 to 2004. During this time and in the years afterward, the Brunst family of Hoheluft, Katrin Johnson, Dennis Beier, Heiko Rabenalt, and Marcel Werth welcomed me with a warmth and generosity that should put forever to rest the fallacy of North Germans as cold and distant. In the archives, my efforts would have been in vain without the knowledge and assistance of professionals in the Staatsarchiv Hamburg, Forschungsstelle für Zeitgeschichte, and Geschichtswerkstatt Eimsbüttel. Heino Rose of the Staatsarchiv proved a tireless investigator of police and judicial records, successfully finding many of the names on the seemingly endless lists I regularly sent him. The Staatsarchiv’s Reiner Hering and Helga Wunderlich also provided significant reference assistance, as did the Forschungsstelle’s Axel Schildt, who hosted my research abroad. I have also been fortunate to enjoy the local presence of Washington DC’s German Historical Institute. Its staff members, library, and frequent hosting of the best international scholars of German history have offered an invaluable resource just minutes from home. Within the GHI, Richard Wetzell’s tireless organization of the Transatlantic Doctoral Seminar and Young Scholars’ Forum introduced me to peers on both sides of the Atlantic. Special thanks must go to the participants in the 2006 TDS in Freiburg, who pushed me to explain and contextualize my work in new and challenging ways. Similarly, the GHI and Forschungsstelle’s jointly sponsored 2007 conference “Reading Hamburg” x was an invaluable setting in which to meet many Anglo-American scholars of the Hansastadt whose work I had long admired. Their warm engagement and trenchant commentary greatly improved my work.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Reactionary Postmodernism? Neoliberalism, Multiculturalism, the Internet, and the Ideology of the New Far Right in Germany
    University of Vermont ScholarWorks @ UVM UVM Honors College Senior Theses Undergraduate Theses 2018 Reactionary Postmodernism? Neoliberalism, Multiculturalism, the Internet, and the Ideology of the New Far Right in Germany William Peter Fitz University of Vermont Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses Recommended Citation Fitz, William Peter, "Reactionary Postmodernism? Neoliberalism, Multiculturalism, the Internet, and the Ideology of the New Far Right in Germany" (2018). UVM Honors College Senior Theses. 275. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/275 This Honors College Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Undergraduate Theses at ScholarWorks @ UVM. It has been accepted for inclusion in UVM Honors College Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UVM. For more information, please contact [email protected]. REACTIONARY POSTMODERNISM? NEOLIBERALISM, MULTICULTURALISM, THE INTERNET, AND THE IDEOLOGY OF THE NEW FAR RIGHT IN GERMANY A Thesis Presented by William Peter Fitz to The Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of The University of Vermont In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements For the Degree of Bachelor of Arts In European Studies with Honors December 2018 Defense Date: December 4th, 2018 Thesis Committee: Alan E. Steinweis, Ph.D., Advisor Susanna Schrafstetter, Ph.D., Chairperson Adriana Borra, M.A. Table of Contents Introduction 1 Chapter One: Neoliberalism and Xenophobia 17 Chapter Two: Multiculturalism and Cultural Identity 52 Chapter Three: The Philosophy of the New Right 84 Chapter Four: The Internet and Meme Warfare 116 Conclusion 149 Bibliography 166 1 “Perhaps one will view the rise of the Alternative for Germany in the foreseeable future as inevitable, as a portent for major changes, one that is as necessary as it was predictable.
    [Show full text]
  • History and Culture
    HISTORY AND CULTURE A HAMBURG PORTUGUESE IN THE SERVICE OF THE HAGANAH: THE TRIAL AGAINST DAVID SEALTIEL IN HAMBURG (1937) Ina Lorenz (Hamburg. Germany) Spotlighted in the story here to be told is David de Benjamin Sealtiel (Shaltiel, 1903–1969), a Sephardi Jew from Hamburg, who from 1934 worked for the Haganah in Palestine as a weapons buyer. He paid for that activity with 862 days in incarceration under extremely difficult conditions of detention in the concentration camps of the SS.1 Jewish Immigration into Palestine and the Founding of the Haganah2 In order to be able to effectively protect the new Jewish settlements in Palestine from Arab attacks, and since possession of weapons was prohibited under the British Mandatory administration, arms and munitions initially were generally being smuggled into Palestine via French- controlled Syria. The leaders of the Haganah and Histadrut transformed the Haganah with the help of the Jewish Agency from a more or less untrained militia into a paramilitary group. The organization, led by Yisrael Galili (1911–1986), which in the rapidly growing Jewish towns had approximately 10,000 members, continued to be subordinate to the civilian leadership of the Histadrut. The Histadrut also was responsible for the ———— 1 Michael Studemund-Halévy has dealt with the fascinating, complex personality of David Sealtiel/Shaltiel in a number of publications in German, Hebrew, French and English: “From Hamburg to Paris”; “Vom Shaliach in den Yishuv”; “Sioniste au par- fum romanesque”; “David Shaltiel.” See also [Shaltiel, David]. “In meines Vaters Haus”; Scholem. “Erinnerungen an David Shaltiel (1903–1968).” The short bio- graphical sketches on David Sealtiel are often based on inadequate, incorrect, wrong or fictitious informations: Avidar-Tschernovitz.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliographical Essay
    Bibliographical Essay Below is a working bibliography of the most important books and artides that have been particularly useful to the editors and that complement the essays contained in the volume. Since we focused on the structural, i. e., economic, dass, and power dimensions that largely led to the collapse of the Weimar Republic and the successful ascension to power of the Nazi party, most of the items listed reßect that ap- proach. Although not exhaustive, this list indudes some of the most significant works in the field and those which have shaped our thinking. For a discussion of the emergence of fascism and its relation to dass, economics, and political development, see: Nicos Poulantzas, Fascism and Dictatorship (London: NLB, 1974); Renzo De Felice, Fascism: An Informal Introduction to lts Theory and Practice (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, 1976); Stanley Payne, Fascism: Comparison and Definition (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1980); Stein Ugelvik Larsen, Bernt Hagtvet, Jan Petter Myklebust, eds., Who Were the Fascists: Social Roots of European Fascism (Bergen: Universitetsforlaget, 1980); Peter Stachura, ed., The Shaping of the Nazi State (London: Croom Helm, 1978); Walter Laqueur, Fascism: A Readers Guide (London: Wildwood House, 1976); Ernst Nolte, Three Faces of Fascism (London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1965); Barrington Moore, Jr., Social Ori- gins of Dictatorship and Democracy (Boston: Beacon Press, 1966); Eugen Weber, Varieties of Fascism (New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1964); Francis L. Carsten, The Rise of Fascism (London: Batsford, 1967); John Weiss, The Fascist Tradition (New York: Harper & Row, 1967); Hans Rogger and Eugen Weber, eds., The European Right (London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1965); George L.
    [Show full text]
  • Martin Heidegger on Humanism 8
    Alon Segev Thinking and Killing Alon Segev Thinking and Killing Philosophical Discourse in the Shadow of the Third Reich ISBN 978-1-61451-128-1 e-ISBN 978-1-61451-101-4 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the internet http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2013 Walter de Gruyter, Inc., Boston/Berlin Typesetting: Frank Benno Junghanns, Berlin Printing: Hubert & Co. GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Foreword The motivation for writing this book began with my, one might say, naïve belief that critical thinking could have avoided the rise of the Third Reich and the Shoah in World War II. The main culprits were put on trial in Nuremberg, and then came the Eichmann trial in Jerusalem and the Auschwitz trials in Germany. Later on, the compliancy of Heidegger, Gadamer, and others with the Nazi regime was exposed by prominent scholars.1 Thus, the personal and public reputations of Heidegger, Jünger, Schmitt, Gadamer and others were destroyed and then partly rehabilitated. Their teaching, which was essential in consolidating and promulgating the Nazi world-view and in creating and designing the atmosphere of support for the Nazi movement, has, however, mostly remained untouched and continues to be uncritically studied and referred to. As Alain Finkielkraut writes: As Jankélévitch has rightly noted, the extermination of the Jews “was doctrinally founded, philosophically explained, methodically prepared by the most pedantic doctri- narians ever to have existed.” The Nazis were not, in effect, brutes, but theorists.
    [Show full text]
  • NORTH RHINE WESTPHALIA 10 REASONS YOU SHOULD VISIT in 2019 the Mini Guide
    NORTH RHINE WESTPHALIA 10 REASONS YOU SHOULD VISIT IN 2019 The mini guide In association with Commercial Editor Olivia Lee Editor-in-Chief Lyn Hughes Art Director Graham Berridge Writer Marcel Krueger Managing Editor Tom Hawker Managing Director Tilly McAuliffe Publishing Director John Innes ([email protected]) Publisher Catriona Bolger ([email protected]) Commercial Manager Adam Lloyds ([email protected]) Copyright Wanderlust Publications Ltd 2019 Cover KölnKongress GmbH 2 www.nrw-tourism.com/highlights2019 NORTH RHINE-WESTPHALIA Welcome On hearing the name North Rhine- Westphalia, your first thought might be North Rhine Where and What? This colourful region of western Germany, bordering the Netherlands and Belgium, is perhaps better known by its iconic cities; Cologne, Düsseldorf, Bonn. But North Rhine-Westphalia has far more to offer than a smattering of famous names, including over 900 museums, thousands of kilometres of cycleways and a calendar of exciting events lined up for the coming year. ONLINE Over the next few pages INFO we offer just a handful of the Head to many reasons you should visit nrw-tourism.com in 2019. And with direct flights for more information across the UK taking less than 90 minutes, it’s the perfect destination to slip away to on a Friday and still be back in time for your Monday commute. Published by Olivia Lee Editor www.nrw-tourism.com/highlights2019 3 NORTH RHINE-WESTPHALIA DID YOU KNOW? Despite being landlocked, North Rhine-Westphalia has over 1,500km of rivers, 360km of canals and more than 200 lakes. ‘Father Rhine’ weaves 226km through the state, from Bad Honnef in the south to Kleve in the north.
    [Show full text]
  • Printed Covers Sailing Through the Air As Their Tables Are REVIEWS and REFUTATIONS  Ipped
    42 RECOMMENDED READING Articles Apoliteic music: Neo-Folk, Martial Industrial and metapolitical fascism by An- ton Shekhovtsov Former ELF/Green Scare Prisoner Exile Now a Fascist by NYC Antifa Books n ٻThe Nature of Fascism by Roger Gri Modernism and Fascism: The Sense of a Beginning under Mussolini and Hitler by Roger n ٻGri n ٻFascism edited by Roger Gri Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity by Nicholas Go- A FIELD GUIDE TO STRAW MEN odrick-Clarke Gods of the Blood: The Pagan Revival and White Separatism by Mattias Gardell Modernity and the Holocaust by Zygmunt Bauman Sadie and Exile, Esoteric Fascism, and Exterminate All the Brutes by Sven Lindqvist Confronting Fascism: Discussion Documents for a Militant Movement by Don Hamerquist, Olympias Little White Lies J. Sakai, Anti-Racist Action Chicago, and Mark Salotte Baedan: A Journal of Queer Nihilism Baedan 2: A Queer Journal of Heresy Baedan 3: A Journal of Queer Time Travel Against His-story, Against Leviathan! by Fredy Perlman Caliban and the Witch: Women, the Body, and Primitive Accumulation by Silvia Federici Witchcraft and the Gay Counterculture by Arthur Evans The Many-Headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves, Commoners, and the Hidden History of the Revo- lutionary Atlantic by Peter Linebaugh and Marcus Rediker Gone to Croatan: Origins of North American Dropout Culture edited by Ron Sakolsky and James Koehnline The Subversion of Politics: European Autonomous Social Movements and the Decolonization of Everyday Life by Georgy Katsia cas 1312 committee // February 2016 How the Irish Became White by Noel Ignatiev How Deep is Deep Ecology? by George Bradford Against the Megamachine: Essays on Empire and Its Enemies by David Watson Elements of Refusal by John Zerzan Against Civilization edited by John Zerzan This World We Must Leave and Other Essays by Jacques Camatte 41 total resistance mounted to the advent of industrial society.
    [Show full text]
  • Bus Linie 150 Fahrpläne & Karten
    Bus Linie 150 Fahrpläne & Netzkarten 150 Cranz > Finkenwerder > Waltershof > Im Website-Modus Anzeigen Othmarschen > Bf. Altona Die Bus Linie 150 (Cranz > Finkenwerder > Waltershof > Othmarschen > Bf. Altona) hat 3 Routen (1) Airbus (kehre): 00:41 - 22:27 (2) Bf. altona: 00:38 - 23:58 (3) Estebogen: 04:26 - 23:55 Verwende Moovit, um die nächste Station der Bus Linie 150 zu ƒnden und, um zu erfahren wann die nächste Bus Linie 150 kommt. Richtung: Airbus (Kehre) Bus Linie 150 Fahrpläne 23 Haltestellen Abfahrzeiten in Richtung Airbus (kehre) LINIENPLAN ANZEIGEN Montag 00:41 - 22:27 Dienstag 00:41 - 22:27 Bf. Altona Paul-Nevermann-Platz 5, Hamburg Mittwoch 00:41 - 22:27 Große Rainstraße Donnerstag 00:21 - 23:15 Hohenesch 85, Hamburg Freitag 00:41 - 22:27 Friedensallee Samstag 00:41 - 22:53 Bahrenfelder Straße 182, Hamburg Sonntag 00:21 - 23:15 Am Born Behringstraße 11, Hamburg Kreuzkirche Ottensen Behringstraße 55, Hamburg Bus Linie 150 Info Richtung: Airbus (Kehre) Griegstraße Stationen: 23 Griegstraße 52, Hamburg Fahrtdauer: 35 Min Linien Informationen: Bf. Altona, Große Rainstraße, Behringstraße (Ak Altona) Friedensallee, Am Born, Kreuzkirche Ottensen, Jürgen-Töpfer-Straße 18 f, Hamburg Griegstraße, Behringstraße (Ak Altona), Bab- Auffahrt Waltershof, Am Genter Ufer, Bab-Auffahrt Waltershof Aluminiumwerk, Osterfelddeich, Auedeich, Dradenaustraße, Hamburg Jeverländer Weg, Emder Straße, Steendiek, Finkenwerder (Fähre), Norderschulweg, Am Genter Ufer Brunnenstieg, Kneienblick, Nordmeerstraße, Rudolf- Dradenauer Deichweg, Hamburg Kinau-Allee,
    [Show full text]
  • A Long History of ___.«. Literatur Als Fragebogenlektüre Bei Ernst
    Repositorium für die Medienwissenschaft Friedrich Balke »A Long History of ______.«. Literatur als Fragebogenlektüre bei Ernst von Salomon 2016 https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/1932 Veröffentlichungsversion / published version Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Balke, Friedrich: »A Long History of ______.«. Literatur als Fragebogenlektüre bei Ernst von Salomon. In: Zeitschrift für Medienwissenschaft. Heft 15: Technik | Intimität, Jg. 8 (2016), Nr. 2, S. 106– 123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/1932. Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Deposit-Lizenz (Keine This document is made available under a Deposit License (No Weiterverbreitung - keine Bearbeitung) zur Verfügung gestellt. Redistribution - no modifications). We grant a non-exclusive, Gewährt wird ein nicht exklusives, nicht übertragbares, non-transferable, individual, and limited right for using this persönliches und beschränktes Recht auf Nutzung dieses document. This document is solely intended for your personal, Dokuments. Dieses Dokument ist ausschließlich für non-commercial use. All copies of this documents must retain den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen Gebrauch bestimmt. all copyright information and other information regarding legal Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments müssen alle protection. You are not allowed to alter this document in any Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise auf gesetzlichen way, to copy it for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses Dokument document in public, to perform, distribute, or otherwise use the nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen Sie document in public. dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke By using this particular document, you accept the conditions of vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder use stated above.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Investing in Germany Introduction | 3
    BERLIN COLOGNE DUSSELDORF FRANKFURT HAMBURG MUNICH A guide to investing STUTTGART in Germany ísafördur Saudharkrokur Akureyri Borgarnes Keflavik Reykjavik Selfoss ICELAND Egilsstadir A guide to investing in Germany Introduction | 3 BERLIN FINLAND ME TI HT NORWAY IG HELSINKI FL COLOGNE R 2H SWEDEN TALLINN OSLO INTRODUCTION ESTONIA STOCKHOLM IME T T GH LI DUSSELDORF F IN 0M 3 RIGA INVESTING IN GERMANY R 1H LATVIA E FRANKFURT EDINBURGH IM T T LITHUANIA GH DENMARK LI F R COPENHAGEN VILNIUS BELFAST 1H MINSK IRELAND HAMBURG DUBLIN BELARUS IME HT T LIG F IN HAMBURG M 0 UNITED KINGDOM 3 WARSAW Germany is one of the largest Investment Markets in Europe, with an average commercial AMSTERDAM BERLIN KIEV MUNICH NETHERLANDS POLAND transaction volume of more than €25 bn (2007-2012). It is a safe haven for global capital and LONDON BRUSSELS DÜSSELDORF COLOGNE UKRAINE offers investors a stable financial, political and legal environment that is highly attractive to both BELGIUM PRAGUE STUTTGART FRANKFURT CZECH REPUBLIC domestic and international groups. LUXEMBOURG PARIS SLOVAKIA STUTTGART BRATISLAVA VIENNA MUNICH BUDAPEST This brochure provides an introduction to investing in German real estate. Jones Lang LaSalle FRANCE AUSTRIA HUNGARY BERN ROMANIA has 40 years experience in Germany and today has ten offices covering all of the major German SWITZERLAND SLOVENIA markets. Our full-service real estate offering is unrivalled in Germany and we look forward to LJUBLJANA CROATIA BUCHAREST ZAGREB BELGRADE sharing our in-depth market knowledge with you. BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA SERBIA SARAJEVO BULGARIA ITALY SOFIA PRESTINA KOSOVO Timo Tschammler MSc FRICS SKOPJE HAMBURG MACEDONIA International Director ROME TIRANA MADRID ALBANIA Management Board Germany PORTUGAL Lisboa (Lisbon) SPAIN GREECE Office and Industrial, Jones Lang LaSalle Setúbal ATHENS BERLIN Germany enjoys a thriving, robust and mature real estate market which is one of the DÜSSELDORF cornerstones of the German economy.
    [Show full text]
  • Holocaust-Voices-Of-Scholars-2009
    is book was published thanks to generous support from the Faculty of International Table of Contents and Political Studies and the Institute of European Studies of the Jagiellonian University, and the Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum. e opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the policies or views of the Jagiellonian University or the Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum. Foreword by Piotr M. A. Cywiński 9 Introduction by Jolanta Ambrosewicz-Jacobs All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, 13 or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. I Yehuda Bauer: Holocaust Research – A Personal Statement 19 © e Jagiellonian University and the Individual Authors John K. Roth: Gray Zones: e Holocaust and the Failure(s) of Ethics 31 Ian Kershaw: Working on the Holocaust 41 John T. Pawlikowski: e Challenge of the Holocaust for 51 a Christian eologian Zdzisław Mach: Poland’s National Memory of the Holocaust 61 and Its Identity in an Expanded Europe Assistant Editor Translator Michael Jacobs II Michael R. Marrus: Holocaust Research and Scholarship Today 73 Managing Editor Charles S. Maier: Holocaust Fatigue 83 Anna Motyczka Omer Bartov: My Twisted Way to Buczacz 95 Editorial Assistants Shimon Redlich: Some Remarks on the Holocaust by a Marginal Historian 105 Katarzyna Nowak Dan Michman: e Challenge of Studying the Shoah as Jewish History: 101
    [Show full text]
  • Transnational Neo-Nazism in the Usa, United Kingdom and Australia
    TRANSNATIONAL NEO-NAZISM IN THE USA, UNITED KINGDOM AND AUSTRALIA PAUL JACKSON February 2020 JACKSON | PROGRAM ON EXTREMISM About the Program on About the Author Extremism Dr Paul Jackson is a historian of twentieth century and contemporary history, and his main teaching The Program on Extremism at George and research interests focus on understanding the Washington University provides impact of radical and extreme ideologies on wider analysis on issues related to violent and societies. Dr. Jackson’s research currently focuses non-violent extremism. The Program on the dynamics of neo-Nazi, and other, extreme spearheads innovative and thoughtful right ideologies, in Britain and Europe in the post- academic inquiry, producing empirical war period. He is also interested in researching the work that strengthens extremism longer history of radical ideologies and cultures in research as a distinct field of study. The Britain too, especially those linked in some way to Program aims to develop pragmatic the extreme right. policy solutions that resonate with Dr. Jackson’s teaching engages with wider themes policymakers, civic leaders, and the related to the history of fascism, genocide, general public. totalitarian politics and revolutionary ideologies. Dr. Jackson teaches modules on the Holocaust, as well as the history of Communism and fascism. Dr. Jackson regularly writes for the magazine Searchlight on issues related to contemporary extreme right politics. He is a co-editor of the Wiley- Blackwell journal Religion Compass: Modern Ideologies and Faith. Dr. Jackson is also the Editor of the Bloomsbury book series A Modern History of Politics and Violence. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author, and not necessarily those of the Program on Extremism or the George Washington University.
    [Show full text]
  • Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte, Teil 5
    Hamburgische Kirchengeschichte in Aufsätzen Teil 5 Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte (20. Jahrhundert) Hamburg University Press Arbeiten zur Kirchengeschichte Hamburgs, Band 26 Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte (20. Jahrhundert) Hamburgische Kirchengeschichte in Aufsätzen, Teil 5 Arbeiten zur Kirchengeschichte Hamburgs Herausgegeben von Rainer Hering · Maria Jepsen · Inge Mager · Johann Anselm Steiger · Joachim Stüben Band 26 Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte (20. Jahrhundert) Hamburgische Kirchengeschichte in Aufsätzen, Teil 5 Herausgegeben von Rainer Hering und Inge Mager Hamburg University Press Verlag der Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky Impressum Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek: Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Die Online-Version dieser Publikation ist auf den Verlagswebseiten frei verfügbar (open access). Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek hat die Netzpublikation archiviert. Diese ist dauerhaft auf dem Archivserver der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek verfügbar. Open access über die folgenden Webseiten: Hamburg University Press – http://hup.sub.uni-hamburg.de Archivserver der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek – http://deposit.d-nb.de Abbildung auf Schutzumschlag und Buchdecke: Ruine der Hauptkirche St. Nikolai nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg (Staatsarchiv Hamburg) ISBN 978-3-937816-46-3 ISSN 0518-2107 © 2008 Hamburg University Press, Verlag der Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek
    [Show full text]