Naval War College Review Volume 70 Article 23 Number 4 Autumn 2017 Autumn 2017 Full Issue The .SU . Naval War College Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Naval War College, The .SU . (2017) "Autumn 2017 Full Issue," Naval War College Review: Vol. 70 : No. 4 , Article 23. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol70/iss4/23 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Naval War College: Autumn 2017 Full Issue Autumn 2017 Volume 70, Number 4 Autumn 2017 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2017 1 7043_Autumn2017Review_Cover.indd 1 8/10/17 9:31 AM Naval War College Review, Vol. 70 [2017], No. 4, Art. 23 Cover Original caption: “Vice Admiral Friedrick Ruge, Inspector of the Federal German Navy (left) receives the Legion of Merit (Degree of Commander) from Chief of U.S. Naval Operations, Admiral Arleigh A. Burke, USN (right). The award was presented to Admiral Ruge on February 21, 1961.” Burke and Ruge established a relationship of friendship and trust as they worked together to integrate the German navy rebuilt after World War II into the Western alliance system. In “German Navies from 1848 to 2016: Their Development and Courses from Confrontation to Cooperation,” author Werner Rahn recounts the arc of the history of German navies. Credit: Official U.S. Navy photo. The Cit- adel Archives and Museum, Charleston, South Carolina, Ruge Collection https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol70/iss4/23 2 7043_Autumn2017Review_Cover.indd 2 8/10/17 9:31 AM Naval War College: Autumn 2017 Full Issue NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW Autumn 2017 Volume 70, Number 4 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS 686 Cushing Road Newport, RI 02841-1207 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2017 3 7042_FrontMatter.indd 1 8/10/17 8:41 AM Naval War College Review, Vol. 70 [2017], No. 4, Art. 23 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS ADVISORY BOARD PRESIDENT, NAVAL WAR COLLEGE Adam Bellow Rear Adm. Jeffrey A. Harley, USN Seth Cropsey PROVOST Jeffrey Kline Dr. Lewis M. Duncan Gale A. Mattox Capt. Robert C. Rubel, USN (Ret.) DEAN OF NAVAL WARFARE STUDIES Robert A. Silano Thomas J. Culora Marin Strmecki NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS Dov S. Zakheim Carnes Lord, Editor Robert Ayer, Managing Editor NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW EDITORIAL BOARD Kate Acosta, Associate Editor Donald Chisholm Timothy J. Demy and Brad Carter, Book Review Stephen Downes-Martin Editors Andrew S. Erickson Lori A. Almeida, Administrative Assistant and Col. Theodore L. Gatchel, USMC (Ret.) Circulation Manager Cdr. Sean Henseler, USN (Ret.) Frank Uhlig Jr., Editor Emeritus Cdr. James Kraska, USN (Ret.) Capt. Thomas Mangold, USN (Ret.) Naval War College Review John Maurer Code 32, Naval War College Col. Mackubin Owens, USMC (Ret.) 686 Cushing Rd., Newport, RI 02841-1207 Capt. Derek S. Reveron, USNR Fax: 401.841.1071 Capt. Peter M. Swartz, USN (Ret.) DSN exchange, all lines: 841 Capt. Sam Tangredi, USN (Ret.) Website: www.usnwc.edu/press Scott C. Truver http://twitter.com/NavalWarCollege James J. Wirtz Editor, Circulation, or Business 401.841.2236 [email protected] Managing Editor 401.841.4552 [email protected] Book Reviews [email protected] Other Naval War College Offices 401.841.3089 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol70/iss4/23 4 NWC_Autumn2017Review.indb 2 8/7/17 11:58 AM Naval War College: Autumn 2017 Full Issue The Naval War College Review was established in 1948 as a forum for discussion of public policy matters of interest to the maritime services. The thoughts and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the U.S. government, the U.S. Navy Department, or the Naval War College. The journal is published quarterly. 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ISSN 0028-1484 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2017 5 NWC_Autumn2017Review.indb 3 8/7/17 11:58 AM Naval War College Review, Vol. 70 [2017], No. 4, Art. 23 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol70/iss4/23 6 7042_FrontMatter.indd 4 8/10/17 9:10 AM Naval War College: Autumn 2017 Full Issue CONTENTS From the Editors . 5 President’s Forum . 9 Allied Navies German Navies from 1848 to 2016 Their Development and Courses from Confrontation to Cooperation. 13 Werner Rahn Between the German navy’s foundation in 1848 and the present day, it went from initial reliance on USN assistance, to twice attempting to cut Atlantic shipping routes between the United States and Europe, to a cooperative relationship between the two navies built on mutual trust. Maritime Strategy The New Time and Space Dimensions of a Maritime Defense Strategy . 48 Tomohisa Takei China’s aggressive land-reclamation projects in Asian waters represent a challenge to the status quo. The international system, the United States and Japan, and smaller countries seeking regional stability must reexamine their concepts of time and space if they are to better deter the designs of a revisionist power. European Security Rebuilding the Ukrainian Navy . 61 Deborah Sanders Russia’s seizure of many of Ukraine’s naval assets dealt a serious blow to the already-small Ukrai- nian navy. The Ukrainian government’s ambitions to rebuild a balanced fleet may be unrealizable. The progress already made in building a “mosquito fleet” suggests that redirecting development toward coastal defense would be a wiser course. Maritime History Confronting Uncertainty with Decentralized Command British Naval Decision Making at the Outbreak of the War of 1812 . 78 Kevin D. McCranie During an era of slow, uncertain communications, Royal Navy operations during the opening months of the War of 1812 underscore the complexity of naval decision making at the campaign level. Studying this period aids in understanding the relationship among governmental leaders, their theater commanders, and operational elements at sea. Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2017 7 7041_TOC.indd 1 8/8/17 1:09 PM 2 NAVAL WAR COLLEGENaval REVIEW War College Review, Vol. 70 [2017], No. 4, Art. 23 Strategy and Policy Money, Motivation, and Terrorism Rewards-for-Information Programs. 101 Christopher M. Ford Governments rely on both hard and soft power to neutralize terrorists. The State and Defense Departments offer rewards running to millions of dollars for informa- tion to aid in the fight, but these programs receive a surprising lack of scrutiny. Both historical and psychological analysis can improve our framing and execution of such programs. Research & Debate Strategic Culture Is Not a Silver Bullet . 121 Antulio J. Echevarria II Review Essays The Case for Hard Power. 125 The Big Stick: The Limits of Soft Power & the Necessity of Military Force, by Eliot A. Cohen reviewed by Dov S. Zakheim Options for National Security Policy: Practitioners’ Advice for the New Administration . 134 Charting a Course: Strategic Choices for a New Administration, edited by Richard D. Hooker Jr. reviewed by Sam J. Tangredi Book Reviews Exporting Security: International Engagement, Security Cooperation, and the Changing Face of the US Military, by Derek S. Reveron reviewed by Michael McCrabb . 141 How Everything Became War and the Military Became Everything: Tales from the Pentagon, by Rosa Brooks reviewed by Thomas W. McShane . 143 Rough Waters: Sovereignty and the American Merchant Flag, by Rodney P. Carlisle, with Bradford Smith reviewed by Scott Bergeron . 144 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol70/iss4/23 8 7041_TOC.indd 2 8/8/17 1:09 PM Naval War College: Autumn 2017 Full Issue CONTENTS 3 Practise to Deceive: Learning Curves of Military Deception Planners, by Barton Whaley reviewed by Richard J. Norton. 146 Meeting China Halfway: How to Defuse the Emerging US-China Rivalry, by Lyle J. Goldstein reviewed by Mark R. Shulman. 148 Sea Power: The History and Geopolitics of the World’s Oceans, by James Stavridis reviewed by Philip M.