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Home , Dextre, Julie Payette, Kounotori 2, MDA (company)

Great Canadian Space Inventions and contributions to space inventions By Lukas What is the ISS

The International Space Station (ISS) is a huge spacecraft that orbits around the Earth. It is where astronauts live while their in space. The ISS took many countries working together to build the ISS.The first piece of the space station was launched in 1998 from Russia which was called the control module. Two years after they kept delivering parts the ISS was ready for people to live there. The space station has a laboratory, a storage area, a bathroom and bedrooms, and 16 pressurized modules etc. On the exterior there is a huge array which is 115 feet long and 39 feet wide. The outside of the ISS is mostly made of aluminum and some parts are covered in kevlar. The space station has the volume of a 5 bedroom house and can support up to 6 crew members and a couple visitors. The space station orbits Earth every 90 minutes. So the ISS travels at about 17500 miles an hour. The space station is important because it shows what effect living in space for periods of time does to the body and humans have long periods of time to stay in space to study things. Since this is a Canadian project here are some things that are Canadian developed and made for the ISS. The was a series of that would fix things on the ISS. The is a with two arms that fixes things on the ISS. I go into more detail with the Dextre and Canadarm on the next slides. How invented the Dextre and what is its purpose?

The Dextre is a 2 armed robot that is connected to the ISS.This robot was manufactured and designed by MDA space missions. The Dextre is on of the many things on the ISS from . The dextre is used to carry out missions like repairing or installing new parts. Without the Dextre those missions would have required space walks which are more life threatening. The Dextre was launched in March 11, 2008 on mission STS-123. But it wasn't until early morning on February 4, 2011 when the Dextre completed its first official assignment which was unpacking 2 pieces for the space transfer vehicle made in . The Dextre did this all while the crew was sleeping because it was controlled on earth! The Kounotori 2 took supplies to the ISS and on the way back took waste from the ISS. On March 30, 2011 the Kounotori 2 burnt up when coming back into the atmosphere. The robot is attached to a rail system on the exterior of th ISS but can also be fitted on the end of the Canadarm. The Dextre looks like a person with a thin torso, two arms with 7 joints , and a square head. The arm's length are eleven feet with also eleven foot body which has a pivoting waist. This machine is very heavy on earth since there's gravity but not in space, anyway the whole robot weighs a whopping 3 664 pounds! The Dextre has a mechanism at the end of each hand that can have built in TV cameras, grasping jaws, lights, retractable socket drive, and finally a umbilical connecter that transfers data, power , and finally video.The lower body of the 2 armed robot has cool features and tools like more TV cameras with lights, platform for storing Orbital Replacement Units, and a tool holster. In 2011 they added more features to the Dextre including a wire cutter, safety cap removal tool, EVR (enhanced vapor recovery) nozzle, and a multifunction tool with lots of adapters. On Earth there is an attachment for the Dextre called SARAH which stands for Self Adaptive Robotic Auxiliary Hand. This attachment has not been delivered to the ISS yet. So to conclude the Dextre is an advanced amazing robot! The Dextre on the ISS What is the Canadarm and what was its purpose.

The Canadarm is one of the famous Canadian space inventions. It was launched into space on November 13 , 1981 and was the start of Canada collaborating with NASA. The Canadarm was launched on the columbia STS-2 . The Canadarm was a series of robotic arms that were used to fix things on the ISS. The original Canadarm was capable of deploying and retrieving shipment loads that weighed up to 733 pounds. Then in the 1990s the canadarm control system was redesigned so it could hold up to 7260 pounds. The Canadarm is 15.2 meters long and has a 38 centimeter diameter. The Canadarm weighs 900 pounds by itself. The Canadarm have six joints with shoulder yaw and pitch points, an elbow pitch points, and wrist pitch, yaw and roll joints. Sometimes astronauts would actually anchor themselves to the end of the Canadarm for missions that needed a humans touch. The canadarm lasted for 30 years and 90 flights before it would replaced by the Canadarm 2. The difference between the canadarm 1 and 2 it that the canadarm 2 stays permanently on the ISS, has more degrees of freedom, it's joints can rotate further, it has a automatic collisions sensor, length is 17 meters instead of 15 meters, and finally it's ways over 3 times more than the Canadarm 1. So overall the Canadarm2 it the better version of the Canadarm 1. Who is ? Chris Austin Hadfield is a Canadian Astronaut who was born in Sarnia Ontario. HIs parents are Roger and Eleanor Hadfield who lived and raised Chris on a corn farm in Southern Ontario. Chris became interesting in flying was he was young and became interested in space and being an astronaut when he was nine and watched the historic Apollo 11 moon landing on TV. Before Graduating Chris went to basic flight training at CFB Portage La Prairie. Hadfield attended White Oaks secondary school in Oakville, Ontario until his senior year then graduated as an Ontario Scholar from Milton District high school in 1977. He was a member of the Royal Canadian Air Cadets, and earned a glider pilot scholarship at age 15 and a powered pilot scholarship at age 16. In 1978 he joined the Canadian Armed Forces and spent 2 years at the Royal Roads Military College. And then 2 years at the Royal Military College, where he received a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering. In 1982 he was awarded for the top graduate from basic jet training. Later after he was awarded he went and trained to be a tactical fighter pilot with 410 Tactical Fighter Operational Training Squadron. After training he flew a CF-18 hornet jet and did flying intercept missions with NORAD. In the late 1980s Hadfield went to US air force Test pilot school at Edward Air Force Base and served as a exchange officer with the US navy. In total he has flown over 70 different aircrafts. Chris worked with NASA on pitch control margin simulation and flight before being picked to be an astronaut. In May of 1992 he graduated with a masters degree in aviation systems from the University of Tennessee Space Institute. Hadfield was selected to be one of the 4 new astronauts out of 5 330 applicants in june 1992. 3 of the 4 astronauts flew in space. Hadfield was NASA’s Chief CAPCOM the voice of mission control to astronauts in orbit for 25 space shuttle missions and from 1996 to 2000 was the Chief astronaut of the CSA. ON December 19 2012 he remained in space for 5 months before coming back to Earth on May 13 2013. One month after getting back from space Chris Hadfield retired from the . In 2014 his named was added on the wall of honour at the royal military college of Canada in Kingston,Ontario What is the mobile base system?

The Mobile Base System (MBS) is a work platform that moves on the Mobile Transporter rail car along rails covering the length of the space station. It provides a movable work platform for the Canadarm2 and Dextre and it moves over to all the eight workstations. It has four grapple fixtures on board that can hold cargo carriers. When the mobile base and transporter need to move the attachment power down. When it arrives at its new worksite it powers up again. The MBS has four power data grapple fixtures that allow the Dextre and Canadarm2. The fixtures allow the to receive data to function, send video, and power. The MBS is controlled on Earth by NASA or the Canadian Space Agency. The MBS was built Dettwiler and Associates, based in Brampton, Ontario. It was launched on board in June 2002 and is still currently on the space station.

● Dimensions: 18.7 feet x 14.8 feet x 9.5 feet ● Mass: 3,492 pounds ● Peak power (in operation): 825 W ● Minimum power (to remain functional): 365 W The constellation mission

The RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) is Canada's new generation of Earth observation satellites. Launched on June 12, 2019, the three identical satellites work together to bring solutions to key challenges for Canadians.The satellites will help tell ice conditions which will help captains of ships navigate through arctic waters. The satellites will also watch the soil stability, permafrost, and other important data that contributes to climate change. The Satellites measure soil moisture for crops, if a wild fire is starting and spreading fast, if a natural disaster strikes the satellites will help rescue teams find people. The three satellites all work together for better observation. The satellites were built by the CSA and they will help canadian for lots of challenges to come. Did You Know?

● The CSA was established in 1989 ● The project budget for spending was 349 million dollars in 2018 ● NASA invited Canada to join the shuttle program in 1969 ● The first Canadian astronaut to fly in space was . ● The first canadian to visit the ISS was . The next slide will be a game on my VR that is a replication of the ISS. Video Bibliography https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dextre https://www.nasa.gov/ https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/canadarm/default.asp https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadarm https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/iss/canadarm2/canadarm-canadarm2-canadarm3-comparative-table.asp https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Hadfield https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/mobile-base-system/ Image Credits https://www.google.com/search?q=dextre&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi2u5qN1dboAhXbVs0KHXwcBccQ_AUoAXo ECBAQAw&biw=1517&bih=750&safe=active&ssui=on#imgrc=1AV-2Nb27peTvM https://www.google.com/search?q=csa&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjYrqHUofDoAhUxAZ0JHZ4UDc8Q_AUoAXoEC BsQAw&cshid=1587154096346041&biw=1517&bih=750&safe=active&ssui=on#imgrc=vj4IBrtH0L_cwM