THE JOURNAL OF ROMAN STUDIES VOLUME XXXIII 1943 PARTS I AND II

CONTENTS M. P. Charlesworth, Pietas and Victoria: the Emperor and the Citizen W. W. Buckland, Gaius i, 166 ' Tutela parentis manumissoris ' Charles Green, Glevum and the Second Legion, ii Norman H. Baynes, The Decline of the Roman Power in Western Europe. Some Modern Explanations. R. P. Wright, The Whitley Castle Altar to Apollo J. M. R. Cormack, High Priests and Macedoniarchs from Beroea I. A. Richmond, Recent Discoveries in from the Air and in the Field Fritz Schulz, Roman Registers of Birth and Birth Certificates, ii Gervase Mathew, The Character of the Gallienic Renaissance Roman Britain in 1942

REVIEWS AND DISCUSSIONS G. Tseretheli, A Bilingual Inscription from Armazi near Mcfyeta in Georgia (by Marcus N. Tod) P. W. Duff, Personality in Roman Private Law, i (by David Daube) H. J. Haskell, This was Cicero : Modern Politics in a Roman Toga (by Hugh Last) E. M. Dohan, Italic Tomb-Groups in the University Museum, Philadelphia (by Paul Jacobsthal)

REVIEWS AND NOTICES OF PUBLICATIONS REVIEWS Emanuele Ciaceri, Le origini di Roma: la Donald Atkinson, Report on Excavations at Monarchia e la prima fase dell' Eta repubbli- Wroxeter {the Roman city of Viroconium) in cana (dal Sec. VIII alia meta del Sec. V A.C.) the County of Salop C. E. Smith, Tiberius and the E. Lobel, C. H. Roberts, and E. P. Wegener, John Day, An Economic History of Athens under The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Part xviii Roman Domination Transactions and Proceedings of the American K. Lehmann-Hartleben and E. C. Olsen, Dionysiac Philological Association, vol. lxxii (1941) Sarcophagi in Baltimore A. Rostagni, La letteratura di Roma repubblicana H. Kahler, Die romischen Kapitelle des Rhein- ed augustea gebietes S. McA. Mosser, The Endicott Gift of Greek and Chester G. Starr, Jr., The Roman Imperial Navy Roman Coins, including the ' Catacombs' Paul Jacobsthal, Imagery in Early Celtic Art Hoard NOTICES Benjamin D. Meritt, Epigraphica Attica Inscriptiones extra, fines Pannoniae Daciaeque R. W. Moore, The Roman Commonwealth , repertae (ed. Arpad Dobo) Fritz Hellmann, Livius-Interpretationen Arpad Dobo, Publicum Portorium Illyrici V. Basanoff, ' H Pomerium Palatinum '

Indexes

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THE JOURNAL OF ROMAN STUDIES

VOLUME XXXIII

PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY FOR THE PROMOTION OF ROMAN STUDIES AT THE OFFICE OF THE I SOCIETY, 50 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, W.C.1 \ 1943 STEPHEN AUSTIN AND SONS, LTD..

ORIENTAL AND GENERAL PRINTERS, HERTFORD CONTENTS

PAGE M. P. CHARLESWORTH, Pietas and Victoria : the Emperor and the Citizen . . . .' i W. W. BUCKLAND, Gaius i, 166. ' Tutela parentis manumissoris ' . . . . . • n CHARLES GREEN, Glevum and the Second Legion, ii. Evidence of the Pottery, Metal Objects, etc. 15 NORMAN H. BAYNES, The Decline of the Roman Power in Western Europe. Some Modern Explanations ...... 29 R. P. WRIGHT, The Whitley Castle Altar to Apollo 36 J. M. R. CORMACK, High Priests and Macedoniarchs from Beroea 39 I. A. RICHMOND, Recent Discoveries in Roman Britain from the Air and in the Field . . 45 FRITZ SCHULZ, Roman Registers of Birth and Birth Certificates, ii . . . -55 GERVASE MATHEW, The Character of the Gallienic Renaissance ...... 65 Roman Britain in 1942 ...... • 71 Reviews and Discussions ...... 82 Reviews and Notices of Publications- Reviews ...... 101 Notices . . .119

Indexes :— (i) Names and Subjects ...... 123 (ii) Literary Authorities ...... 125 (iii) Inscriptions ...... 126 (iv) Papyri ...... 126 (v) Coins ...... 126 Title Page iii List of Contents v List of Reviews and Discussions ...... vi List of Reviews and Notices of Recent Publications ...... vi List of Plates and Illustrations in the Text . vii List of Officers and Council for the year 1943-4 ...... viii VI

REVIEWS AND DISCUSSIONS

PAGE G. Tseretheli, A Bilingual Inscription from Armazi near Mcheta in Georgia (by Marcus N. Tod) 82 P. W. Duff, Personality in Roman Private Law, i (by David Daube) ..... 86 H. J. Haskell, This was Cicero : Modern Politics in a Roman Toga (by Hugh Last) ... 93 E. M. Dohan, Italic Tomb-groups in the University Museum, Philadelphia (by Paul Jacobsthal) 97

REVIEWS AND NOTICES OF PUBLICATIONS

REVIEWS E. Ciaceri, Le origini di Roma : La Monarchia e la prima fase dell' Eta repubblicana (dal sec. VIII alia meta del Sec. V a.C.) 101 C. E. Smith, Tiberius and the Roman Empire ...... 104 John Day, An Economic History of Athens under Roman Domination ...... 105 K. Lehmann-Hartleben and E. C. Olsen, Dionysiac Sarcophagi in Baltimore . . . 107 H. Kahler, Die rb'mischen Kapitelle des Rheingebietes ...... 109 Chester G. Starr, Jr., The Roman Imperial Navy ...... 110 Paul Jacobsthal, Imagery in Early Celtic Art ...... 112 Donald Atkinson, Report on Excavations at Wroxeter [the Roman city of Viroconium) in the County of Salop ...... 113 E. Lobel, C. H. Roberts, and E. P. Wegener, The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Part xviii. . . 115 Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, vol. Ixxii (1941) . 117 A. Rostagni, La letteratura di Roma repubblicana ed augustea ...... 118 S. McA. Mosser, The Endicott Gift of Greek and Roman Coins, including the ' Catacombs ' Hoard ...... 119

NOTICES Benjamin D. Meritt, Epigraphica Attica ...... 119 R. W. Moore, The Roman Commonwealth ...... 120 Fritz Hellmann, Livius-Interpretationem ...... 120 V. Basanoff, ' II Pomerium Palatinum ' ...... 121 Inscriptiones extra fines Pannoniae Daciaeque repertae (ed : Arpad. Dobo) . . . .121 Arpad Dobo, Publicum Portorium Illyrici...... 121

LIST OF PLATES Charles Green, Glevum and the Second Legion, ii. Plate 1. Gloucester and neighbourhood : bronze Brooches and Ornament and stone Spindle-Whorl. R. P. Wright, The Whitley Castle Altar to Apollo. Plate 11. Whitley Castle, Northumberland : Altar to Apollo found in 1837. I. A. Richmond, Recent Discoveries in Roman Britain from the Air and in the Field. VI

REVIEWS AND DISCUSSIONS

PAGE G. Tseretheli, A Bilingual Inscription from Armazi near Mcheta in Georgia (by Marcus N. Tod) 82 P. W. Duff, Personality in Roman Private Law, i (by David Daube) ..... 86 H. J. Haskell, This was Cicero : Modern Politics in a Roman Toga (by Hugh Last) ... 93 E. M. Dohan, Italic Tomb-groups in the University Museum, Philadelphia (by Paul Jacobsthal) 97

REVIEWS AND NOTICES OF PUBLICATIONS

REVIEWS E. Ciaceri, Le origini di Roma : La Monarchia e la prima fase dell' Eta repubblicana (dal sec. VIII alia meta del Sec. V a.C.) 101 C. E. Smith, Tiberius and the Roman Empire ...... 104 John Day, An Economic History of Athens under Roman Domination ...... 105 K. Lehmann-Hartleben and E. C. Olsen, Dionysiac Sarcophagi in Baltimore . . . 107 H. Kahler, Die rb'mischen Kapitelle des Rheingebietes ...... 109 Chester G. Starr, Jr., The Roman Imperial Navy ...... 110 Paul Jacobsthal, Imagery in Early Celtic Art ...... 112 Donald Atkinson, Report on Excavations at Wroxeter [the Roman city of Viroconium) in the County of Salop ...... 113 E. Lobel, C. H. Roberts, and E. P. Wegener, The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Part xviii. . . 115 Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, vol. Ixxii (1941) . 117 A. Rostagni, La letteratura di Roma repubblicana ed augustea ...... 118 S. McA. Mosser, The Endicott Gift of Greek and Roman Coins, including the ' Catacombs ' Hoard ...... 119

NOTICES Benjamin D. Meritt, Epigraphica Attica ...... 119 R. W. Moore, The Roman Commonwealth ...... 120 Fritz Hellmann, Livius-Interpretationem ...... 120 V. Basanoff, ' II Pomerium Palatinum ' ...... 121 Inscriptiones extra fines Pannoniae Daciaeque repertae (ed : Arpad. Dobo) . . . .121 Arpad Dobo, Publicum Portorium Illyrici...... 121

LIST OF PLATES Charles Green, Glevum and the Second Legion, ii. Plate 1. Gloucester and neighbourhood : bronze Brooches and Ornament and stone Spindle-Whorl. R. P. Wright, The Whitley Castle Altar to Apollo. Plate 11. Whitley Castle, Northumberland : Altar to Apollo found in 1837. I. A. Richmond, Recent Discoveries in Roman Britain from the Air and in the Field. Vll

Plate in. Dealgin Ross, Perthshire. Plan of two superimposed Forts as seen from the Air. Gervase Mathew, The Character of the Gallienic Renaissance. Plate iv. i. Rome, House of the Vestals in the Forum : Head of Gallienus. 2. Athens, Theatre of Dionysos : part of a Marble Bust suggested as that of Gallienus as Sarapis. Plate v. Rome : Lateran Museum, i. The ' Philosopher ' Sarcophagus. 2. Head of the central figure enlarged. Plate vi. i. Parabiago : silver Patera covering an amphora used as a Burial Urn. 2. Milan, Municipal Museum : silver Medallion of Gallienus. Roman Britain in 1942 Plate VII. 1. South Carlton, Lines. : two circular Pottery-Kilns. 2. Willington, co. Durham : part of an inscribed Milestone of the Emperor Gordian. Plate VIII. Icklingham, Suffolk : lead Tank with Christian symbols.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT PAGE Charles Green, Glevum and the Second Legion, ii Figs. 1-5. Glevum Ware ...... 17, 19, 21 Fig. 6. Coarse wares ' ...... 23, 25 J. M. R. Cormack, High Priests and Macedoniarchs from Beroea Fig. 7. Beroea : bilingual inscribed marble Slab ...... 41 I. A. Richmond, Recent Discoveries in Roman Britain from the Air and in the Field Fig. 8. Cargill: plan of Fortlet as seen from the Air ...... 48 Fig. 9. Gourdie Hill, Steed Stalls : plan of 6-acre Fort as seen from the Air . . 49 Fig. 10. Dumfriesshire : ...... • 51 Roman Britain in 1942 Fig. 11. Old Durham: Bath-Building ...... 71 Fig. 12. South Carlton, Lines. : Rims of stamped Mortaria ..... 72 Fig. 13. South Carlton, Lines. : Stamps on Rims of Mortaria. .... 73 Fig. 14. Ewell, Surrey: Storage-Jars ...... 76 Fig. 15. Hexham : Altar from Corbridge ...... 77 Fig. 16. Jarrow : Restoration of two Inscribed Fragments in Newcastle-upon-Tyne and London ...... 79 SOCIETY FOR THE PROMOTION OF ROMAN STUDIES

OFFICERS AND COUNCIL, 1943

President DR. H. I. BELL, C.B., O.B.E., F.B.A., F.S.A.

Vice-Presidents PROFESSOR F. E. ADCOCK, D.LITT., F.B.A. SIR GEORGE HILL, K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., PROFESSOR J. G. C. ANDERSON, LL.D. LITT.D., F.B.A., F.S.A. SIR JOHN BARRAN, BART. SIR FREDERIC KENYON, G.B.E., K.C.B., PROFESSOR N. H. BAYNES, D.D., D.LITT., LL.D., D.LITT., LITT.D., F.B.A., F.S.A. F.B.A., F.S.A. HUGH LAST, LL.D. W. H. BUCKLER, LL.D., D.LITT., F.B.A., J. W. MACKAIL, O.M., LL.D., D.LITT., F.B.A. HAROLD MATTINGLY THE REV. M. P. CHARLESWORTH, F.B.A., RONALD SYME F.S.A. BRIGADIER R. E. M. WHEELER, D.LITT., JAMES CURLE, LL.D., F.S.A. F.B.A., F.S.A.

Ordinary Members of the Council Elected May, 1937 PROFESSOR G. F. FORSEY D. B. HARDEN PROFESSOR W.BLAIR ANDERSON, LITT.D. A. H. MCDONALD R. H. BARROW, B.LITT. • J. N. L. MYRES, F.S.A. R. C. CARRINGTON, D.PHIL. H. C. OAKLEY C. F. C. HAWKES, F.S.A. R. MEIGGS I. A. RICHMOND, F.S.A. H. H. SCULLARD, PH.D. Elected June, 1939 P. K. BAILLIE-REYNOLDS, F.S.A. P. CORDER, F.S.A. M. K. CHITTY, F.S.A. Elected May, 1938 A. H. M. JONES PROFESSOR B. ASHMOLE, M.C., B.LITT., C. H. ROBERTS F.B.A., Hon. A.R.I.B.A. J. M. C. TOYNBEE, D.PHIL., F.S.A. J. P. V. D. BALSDON PROFESSOR A. D. TRENDALL, LITT.D, G. E. F. CHILVER, D.PHIL. F.S.A.

Treasurer Auditor ROBERT HOLLAND-MARTIN, C.B., F.S.A. C. T. EDGE, M.A., A.C.A.

Editorial Committee PROFESSOR F. E. ADCOCK HUGH LAST RONALD SYME

Finance Committee THE PRESIDENT THE TREASURER SIR JOHN BARRAN

Library Committee PROFESSOR N. H. BAYNES SIR GEORGE HILL HUGH LAST HAROLD MATTINGLY

Keeper of Books and Lantern Slides MISS G. R. LEVY, M.A., 50 Bedford Square, W.C 1

Secretary and Editor MISS M. V. TAYLOR, F.S.A., Haverfield Library, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford