DOCSLIB.ORG

Poaceae of Alberta

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Poaceae of Alberta AN ILLUSTRATED KEY TO THE POACEAE OF ALBERTA Compiled and writen by Linda Kershaw & Lorna Allen April 2019 © Linda J. Kershaw & Lorna Allen This key was compiled using informaton primarily from Moss (1983), Packer & Gould (2018), Douglas et. al. (2001) and Barkworth et. al. (2007). Taxonomy follows VASCAN (Brouillet, 2015). Please let us know if there are ways to improve the key. The 2015 S-ranks of rare species (S1; S1S2; S2; S2S3; SU, according to ACIMS, 2017) are noted in superscript (S1;S2;SU) afer the species names. For more details go to the ACIMS web site. Similarly, exotc species are followed by a superscript X, XX if noxious and XXX if prohibited noxious (X; XX; XXX) in the Alberta Weed Control Act (2016). POACEAE Grass Family Key to Genera 01a Spikelets with 2 fowers (→), one ♂+♀ foret at the tip and a sterile or ♂ foret below, spikelets detaching below the glumes (these shed with the forets), ± fattened on the back (at least when mature); a few species, mostly introduced ..........................02 → 01b Spikelets not as above, 1- to many-fowered, → with sterile forets (if any) above the ♂+♀ forets or 3-fowered, the upper foret ♂+♀, the lower (side) two ♂ or sterile, usually (not always) breaking apart above the glumes (glumes left behind), usually fattened sideways; most AB species ............................03 2a 02a Spikelets in pairs, one stalkless and ♂+♀, the other stalked and sterile; glumes leathery; palea thin and ± translucent .............. 1a ............. Schizachyrium scoparium 02b Spikelets not in pairs; glumes thin and ± translucent; palea thick, hardened . .Group 1 03a Spikelets with 2 ♂ or 2 sterile forets below a single ♂+♀ foret .....................04 03b Spikelets not as above ................05 04a Plants 10-60 cm tall; forets brown, the lower ones ♂ and ≥ in length to the upper (central) 4a ♂+♀ foret; moist to dry, open areas in lowland to alpine elevations ..................... ............ Anthoxanthum [Hierochloe] 04b Plants 30-150 cm tall; forets green or pale, the lower ones small sterile lemmas ≤2/3 as 4b long as the upper ♂+♀ foret; marshy ground, shorelines, roadsides and disturbed areas ... .............................Phalaris 05a Plants aquatic, annual, 100-300 cm tall; spikelets 1-fowered, either ♂ or ♀, with ♂ spikelets on lower branches and ♀on upper branches; stamens 6; glumes absent . Zizania 05b Plants and spikelets not as above .......06 06a Stem leaf sheaths closed for ≥½ their length; glumes usually shorter than upper forets . .07 06b Stem leaf sheaths closed for <½ their length; glumes shorter than to longer than the upper forets .............................13 07a Spikelets 5-80 mm long, not producing bulbils; lemmas usually awned, often 2-lobed/toothed and with veins converging at the tip; ovary/ 5a grain tips hairy ................. Bromus 07b Spikelets 0.6-60 mm long, sometimes producing bulbils; lemmas usually unawned, 7a not both 2-lobed/toothed and with veins converging at the tip; ovary/grain tips usually hairless ............................08 3 08a Lemma veins (4)5-15, usually prominent, parallel towards the tip; spikelets 2.5-60 mm long, not producing bulbils .............09 08b Lemma veins 1-9, often inconspicuous, converging towards the tip; spikelets 0.7- 9a 18(20) mm long, sometimes with bulbils. .11 8a 18b 09a Floret bases (calluses) long-hairy; lemma awns 8-15 mm long, twisted, spreading to abruptly bent ... Schizachne purpurascens 09b Floret bases hairless; lemma awns 0-12 mm long, straight (when present) ...........10 → 10a Lower glume (→) 1-veined, 0.3-4.5 mm long; forets breaking off above the glumes; lemmas unawned, with hairs 0-1 mm long; stems never → bulbous at the base; plants of wet meadows and shorelines .................Glyceria 10b Lower glume (→) 1- to 9-veined, 1-16 mm long; forets breaking off above or below the glumes; 10a 10b lemmas sometimes awned, sometimes with hairs >1 mm long; stems sometimes bulbous at the base; plants of drier, well-drained sites ..............................Melica 11a 11a Flower clusters loose, turned to one side (secund), with 1-10 cm long main branches bearing compact clumps of strongly overlapping, ± stalkless spikelets near their 12b tips; leaf tips fat .....Dactylis glomerata X 11b Flower clusters not turned to one side, with widely spaced to slightly overlapping, usually stalked spikelets; leaf tips mostly keeled (like the prow of a boat) ...................12 12a 12a Lemmas prominently 3-nerved, squared and irregularly jagged-toothed at the tip; spikelets (1)2-fowered; plants 10-40(70) cm tall, in water or on very wet soil Catabrosa aquatica 12b Lemmas with 5-many, sometimes obscure nerves, ± pointed at the tip; spikelets 2- to several-fowered; plants of various habitats . .........................Poa (in part) 13a Spikelets ± stalkless, in spikes or elongating, spike-like clusters (racemes) ......Group 2 13b Spikelets stalked, in open or compact, 13a 13b branched clusters (panicles), sometimes spike-like with spikelets arising all around the central stalk (neither obviously from one side nor in 2 opposite rows) ................14 14a Spikelets 1-fowered .............Group 3 14b Spikelets 2- to many-fowered ..........15 15a Glumes as long as the lowest foret, usually as long as the spikelet ..............Group 4 15a 15b Glumes shorter than the frst foret . .Group 5 14a 15b 4 GROUP 1 Spikelets 2-fowered, detaching below thin and ± translucent glumes; palea thick and hardened → 01a Spikelets with several long bristles (→) at the base ..........................Setaria 01b Spikelets without bristles at the base .....02 02a Glumes and sterile lemmas awned or awn- pointed ................... Echinochloa 1a 02b Glumes and sterile lemmas awnless .....03 2a 3a 03a Spikelets short stalked, in slender spike- like clusters (racemes); ligules thin and ± translucent ................... Digitaria 4a 03b Spikelets long-stalked, in open, branched clusters (panicles); ligules rings of hairs ...04 04a Basal leaves different from stem leaves, forming a winter rosette; second glume and sterile lemmas sparsely soft hairy. .......................Dichanthelium 04b Basal leaves similar to stem leaves, not in 4b rosettes; second glume and sterile lemmas minutely stiff-hairy ..............Panicum - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - GROUP 2 Spikelets ± stalkless, in spikes 01a Spikelets on 1 side of the central stalk (secund); spikes usually >1 ............02 01b Spikelets or spikelet clusters alternate or on opposite sides of the central stalk; spikes solitary ............................05 02a Spikes comb-like, >4 mm long; perennial . .03 3a 02b Spikes not comb-like, ≤4 mm long; annual . 04 1a 1b 3b 03a Stems 20-40(50) cm tall; spikes 1-2(3); leaf- blades 1-2 mm wide; plants tufted with short rootstocks ................... Bouteloua 03b Stems (30)40-150 cm tall; spikes ≥4; leaf- blades 2-15 mm wide; plants spreading via long, strong creeping rootstocks (rhizomes) . .................Sporobolus [Spartina] 04a Spikelets round, ± 3 mm long; leaf-blades fat, 4b 5-10 mm wide, fresh green; stems stout, 30- 100 cm tall, green; marshy wetlands ....... 4a ............... Beckmannia syzigachne 04b Spikelets lance-shaped, ± 4 mm long; leaf- blades twisted, 1-2 mm wide, blue-green; stems slender, 20-40 cm tall, rose-colored with age; dry plains Muhlenbergia paniculata S2 [Schedonnardus paniculatus] 05a Spikelets 1 per joint on the central stalk (sometimes 2 in part of the spike in generic hybrids) ............................06 05b Spikelets >1 per joint on the central stalk 5b (sometimes 1 in part of the spike in generic 5a hybrids) ............................14 5 06a Spikelets attached edgewise to the central stalk; frst glume absent except in the tip spikelet .................Lolium (in part) 06b Spikelets attached fatwise to the central stalk; glumes various ......................07 07a Plants perennial (often with remnants from previous years at the base), mostly native, 8a usually with well-developed roots and/or rootstocks ..........................08 07b Plants annual, introduced, often weedy 6a 6b (including wheat and rye), usually with weak, fbrous roots ........................12 08a Spikelets widely spreading from the central stalk, often almost horizontal, strongly overlapping, with segments between joints 9a usually <3 mm long ........... Agropyron 08b Spikelets not markedly spreading, usually ± erect or somewhat angled from the main stalk/ axis, not strongly overlapping, with segments 10a between joints 4-15+ mm ..............09 09a Glumes lance-shaped, tapering from at or below the middle to a slender point, slightly curved to 1 side at the tip, 1- to 3-veined at mid-length,; plants with creeping rootstocks . Pascopyrum smithii [Agropyron smithii] 09b Glumes various, tapering from above the 11a middle to the tip, not curved to 1 side, 1- to 9-veined at mid-length; plants tufted or with creeping rootstocks. .10 11b 12a 10a Glumes lance-shaped to rectangular, stiff, hard or leathery, smooth at the base of the keel, usually stiff-hairy at the tip, not awned . .........................Thinopyrum 10b Glumes sharply to long, slender pointed, fexible, usually smooth or stiff-hairy for the entire length of the keel, sometimes awned 11 11a Spikelets distant, not or scarcely reaching the base of the next spikelet above on the same side of the stalk; anthers 4-8 mm . ..............Pseudoroegneria spicata [Agropyron spicatum] 11b Spikelets usually close, overlapping, reaching mid-length on the next spikelet above on the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Types of American Grasses
    z LIBRARY OF Si AS-HITCHCOCK AND AGNES'CHASE 4: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM oL TiiC. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE United States National Herbarium Volume XII, Part 3 TXE&3 OF AMERICAN GRASSES . / A STUDY OF THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF GRASSES DESCRIBED BY LINNAEUS, GRONOVIUS, SLOANE, SWARTZ, AND MICHAUX By A. S. HITCHCOCK z rit erV ^-C?^ 1 " WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1908 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Issued June 18, 1908 ii PREFACE The accompanying paper, by Prof. A. S. Hitchcock, Systematic Agrostologist of the United States Department of Agriculture, u entitled Types of American grasses: a study of the American species of grasses described by Linnaeus, Gronovius, Sloane, Swartz, and Michaux," is an important contribution to our knowledge of American grasses. It is regarded as of fundamental importance in the critical sys- tematic investigation of any group of plants that the identity of the species described by earlier authors be determined with certainty. Often this identification can be made only by examining the type specimen, the original description being inconclusive. Under the American code of botanical nomenclature, which has been followed by the author of this paper, "the nomenclatorial t}rpe of a species or subspecies is the specimen to which the describer originally applied the name in publication." The procedure indicated by the American code, namely, to appeal to the type specimen when the original description is insufficient to identify the species, has been much misunderstood by European botanists. It has been taken to mean, in the case of the Linnsean herbarium, for example, that a specimen in that herbarium bearing the same name as a species described by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum must be taken as the type of that species regardless of all other considerations.
    [Show full text]
  • Phleum Alpinum L
    Phleum alpinum L. Alpine Cat’s-tail A scarce alpine grass with distinctive purplish flower heads, long bristly awns and short, broad and glabrous leaves. It is associated with base- rich flushes and mires, more rarely with rocky habitats, and occasionally with weakly acid substrates enriched by flushing with base-rich water. In Britain it is more or less confined to above 610 m northern and central Scotland with two southern outliers in the North Pennines. It is assessed as of Least Concern in Great Britain, but in England it is assessed as Critically Endangered, due to very restricted numbers and recent decline. ©Pete Stroh IDENTIFICATION limit for both these species (540 m) is well below the lower limit for P. alpinum in Britain (610 m). However, P. pratense Phleum alpinum is a shortly rhizomatous, loosely tufted has been recorded as an introduction at 845 m near to the P. perennial alpine grass with short, broad, glabrous leaves (-6 alpinum on Great Dun Fell (Pearman & Corner 2004). mm) and short, blunt ligules (0.5–2 mm; Cope & Gray 2009). The uppermost leaf sheath is inflated. Alopecurus magellanicus, with which it often grows, has hairy, awnless glumes and ‘thunder-cloud’ coloured flower- The inflorescences are dark-blue or brownish purple, oval to heads (red-purple in P. alpinum; Raven & Walters 1956). oblong shaped (10-50 mm). The spikelets are purplish with long awns (2-3 mm) and the keels are fringed with stiff white bristles. HABITATS Phleum alpinum is a montane grass of open, rocky habitats or SIMILAR SPECIES of closed swards on base-rich substrates, or occasionally on more acidic materials enriched by flushing or down-washed Phleum alpinum is told from P.
    [Show full text]
  • North American Flora Volume 17
    VO LUM E 1 7 PART 7 NO RTH AMERICAN FLO RA (P OALE S) PO ACEAE (pars) 1 ALB ERT SPEAR Hn‘ cncocx sc i i n P ice Sub r pt o r , e ar a e C ies S p t op , PUBLI SHE D BY . THE N E W YORK BOTAN I CAL GAR DEN H 3 1 1 93 M ARC , 7 (btRLHfl! A RT 7 1 93 7 AC A P , ] PO E E Coll a r glabrou s (throa t of she a th more or ss s a u su a s le pilo e) ; p nicle lly ex erted , 7 n e . n s 3 S . do m s i . a s . n rrow , conden ed i g a s s a t as a t s s Coll r den ely pilo e . le t the ide ; p anicle u su a lly inclu ded a t bas e (sometimes entirely inclu ded) . — u s bu s 1 2 s a s C lm ro t , meter t ll ; pike — nl en 8 . a . 3 . S i s let s 3 mm . long . g g u s s s s s a C lm more lender , mo tly le th n s 2 1 meter ta ll ; s pikelet mm . long . a a P nicle open , often l rge , the bra nches a nd bra nchlet s fle xu o us s s s ar , the pikelet loo ely 9 . exuo us . 3 . S s ra nged . fl a a P nicle open or comp ct , if open , the spikelets crowded on the t branchle s .
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1: Maps and Plans Appendix184 Map 1: Conservation Categories for the Nominated Property
    Appendix 1: Maps and Plans Appendix184 Map 1: Conservation Categories for the Nominated Property. Los Alerces National Park, Argentina 185 Map 2: Andean-North Patagonian Biosphere Reserve: Context for the Nominated Proprty. Los Alerces National Park, Argentina 186 Map 3: Vegetation of the Valdivian Ecoregion 187 Map 4: Vegetation Communities in Los Alerces National Park 188 Map 5: Strict Nature and Wildlife Reserve 189 Map 6: Usage Zoning, Los Alerces National Park 190 Map 7: Human Settlements and Infrastructure 191 Appendix 2: Species Lists Ap9n192 Appendix 2.1 List of Plant Species Recorded at PNLA 193 Appendix 2.2: List of Animal Species: Mammals 212 Appendix 2.3: List of Animal Species: Birds 214 Appendix 2.4: List of Animal Species: Reptiles 219 Appendix 2.5: List of Animal Species: Amphibians 220 Appendix 2.6: List of Animal Species: Fish 221 Appendix 2.7: List of Animal Species and Threat Status 222 Appendix 3: Law No. 19,292 Append228 Appendix 4: PNLA Management Plan Approval and Contents Appendi242 Appendix 5: Participative Process for Writing the Nomination Form Appendi252 Synthesis 252 Management Plan UpdateWorkshop 253 Annex A: Interview Guide 256 Annex B: Meetings and Interviews Held 257 Annex C: Self-Administered Survey 261 Annex D: ExternalWorkshop Participants 262 Annex E: Promotional Leaflet 264 Annex F: Interview Results Summary 267 Annex G: Survey Results Summary 272 Annex H: Esquel Declaration of Interest 274 Annex I: Trevelin Declaration of Interest 276 Annex J: Chubut Tourism Secretariat Declaration of Interest 278
    [Show full text]
  • The Vascular Flora of the Upper Santa Ana River Watershed, San Bernardino Mountains, California
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281748553 THE VASCULAR FLORA OF THE UPPER SANTA ANA RIVER WATERSHED, SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, CALIFORNIA Article · January 2013 CITATIONS READS 0 28 6 authors, including: Naomi S. Fraga Thomas Stoughton Rancho Santa Ana B… Plymouth State Univ… 8 PUBLICATIONS 14 3 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Available from: Thomas Stoughton Retrieved on: 24 November 2016 Crossosoma 37(1&2), 2011 9 THE VASCULAR FLORA OF THE UPPER SANTA ANA RIVER WATERSHED, SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, CALIFORNIA Naomi S. Fraga, LeRoy Gross, Duncan Bell, Orlando Mistretta, Justin Wood1, and Tommy Stoughton Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden 1500 North College Avenue Claremont, California 91711 1Aspen Environmental Group, 201 North First Avenue, Suite 102, Upland, California 91786 [email protected] All Photos by Naomi S. Fraga ABSTRACT: We present an annotated catalogue of the vascular flora of the upper Santa Ana River watershed, in the southern San Bernardino Mountains, in southern California. The catalogue is based on a floristic study, undertaken from 2008 to 2010. Approximately 65 team days were spent in the field and over 5,000 collections were made over the course of the study. The study area is ca. 155 km2 in area (40,000 ac) and ranges in elevation from 1402 m to 3033 m. The study area is botanically diverse with more than 750 taxa documented, including 56 taxa of conservation concern and 81 non-native taxa. Vegetation and habitat types in the area include chaparral, evergreen oak forest and woodland, riparian forest, coniferous forest, montane meadow, and pebble plain habitats.
    [Show full text]
  • Improving Seeding Success on Cheatgrass-Infested Rangelands in Northern Nevada
    Improving Seeding Success on Cheatgrass- Infested Rangelands in Northern Nevada Item Type Article; text Authors Clements, C. D.; Harmon, D. N.; Blank, R. R.; Weltz, M. Citation Clements, C. D., Harmon, D. N., Blank, R. R., & Weltz, M. (2017). Improving Seeding Success on Cheatgrass-Infested Rangelands in Northern Nevada. Rangelands, 39(6), 174-181. DOI 10.1016/j.rala.2017.10.003 Publisher Society for Range Management Journal Rangelands Rights Copyright © Society for Range Management. Download date 01/10/2021 06:55:07 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/657853 Improving Seeding Success on Cheatgrass-Infested Rangelands in Northern Nevada By Charlie D. Clements, Daniel N. Harmon, Robert R. Blank, and Mark Weltz On the Ground nvasion of alien plant species influences many phases of wildland research in the Great Basin.1 The accidental • Cheatgrass has transformed secondary succes- I introduction and subsequent invasion of cheatgrass (Bromus sion in arid sagebrush plant communities in the tectorum L.) onto millions of hectares of Great Basin Great Basin by providing a fine-textured, early rangelands has led to the conversion of former big sagebrush maturing fuel that increases the chance, rate, (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.)/bunchgrass communities to cheatgrass spread, and season of wildfires. dominance (Fig. 1). Native to Europe, central Asia, and northern • The best known method to suppress cheatgrass Africa, cheatgrass was accidentally introduced to North America, densities and associated fuels is through the where it was first identified in Pennsylvania around 1861 and establishment of perennial grasses.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park
    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks.
    [Show full text]
  • GREAT PLAINS REGION - NWPL 2016 FINAL RATINGS User Notes: 1) Plant Species Not Listed Are Considered UPL for Wetland Delineation Purposes
    GREAT PLAINS REGION - NWPL 2016 FINAL RATINGS User Notes: 1) Plant species not listed are considered UPL for wetland delineation purposes. 2) A few UPL species are listed because they are rated FACU or wetter in at least one Corps region.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 2: Plant Lists
    Appendix 2: Plant Lists Master List and Section Lists Mahlon Dickerson Reservation Botanical Survey and Stewardship Assessment Wild Ridge Plants, LLC 2015 2015 MASTER PLANT LIST MAHLON DICKERSON RESERVATION SCIENTIFIC NAME NATIVENESS S-RANK CC PLANT HABIT # OF SECTIONS Acalypha rhomboidea Native 1 Forb 9 Acer palmatum Invasive 0 Tree 1 Acer pensylvanicum Native 7 Tree 2 Acer platanoides Invasive 0 Tree 4 Acer rubrum Native 3 Tree 27 Acer saccharum Native 5 Tree 24 Achillea millefolium Native 0 Forb 18 Acorus calamus Alien 0 Forb 1 Actaea pachypoda Native 5 Forb 10 Adiantum pedatum Native 7 Fern 7 Ageratina altissima v. altissima Native 3 Forb 23 Agrimonia gryposepala Native 4 Forb 4 Agrostis canina Alien 0 Graminoid 2 Agrostis gigantea Alien 0 Graminoid 8 Agrostis hyemalis Native 2 Graminoid 3 Agrostis perennans Native 5 Graminoid 18 Agrostis stolonifera Invasive 0 Graminoid 3 Ailanthus altissima Invasive 0 Tree 8 Ajuga reptans Invasive 0 Forb 3 Alisma subcordatum Native 3 Forb 3 Alliaria petiolata Invasive 0 Forb 17 Allium tricoccum Native 8 Forb 3 Allium vineale Alien 0 Forb 2 Alnus incana ssp rugosa Native 6 Shrub 5 Alnus serrulata Native 4 Shrub 3 Ambrosia artemisiifolia Native 0 Forb 14 Amelanchier arborea Native 7 Tree 26 Amphicarpaea bracteata Native 4 Vine, herbaceous 18 2015 MASTER PLANT LIST MAHLON DICKERSON RESERVATION SCIENTIFIC NAME NATIVENESS S-RANK CC PLANT HABIT # OF SECTIONS Anagallis arvensis Alien 0 Forb 4 Anaphalis margaritacea Native 2 Forb 3 Andropogon gerardii Native 4 Graminoid 1 Andropogon virginicus Native 2 Graminoid 1 Anemone americana Native 9 Forb 6 Anemone quinquefolia Native 7 Forb 13 Anemone virginiana Native 4 Forb 5 Antennaria neglecta Native 2 Forb 2 Antennaria neodioica ssp.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Nitrogen Availability and Cheatgrass Competition on the Establishment of Vavilov Siberian Wheatgrass Monica B
    Rangeland Ecol Manage 61:475–484 | September 2008 Effects of Nitrogen Availability and Cheatgrass Competition on the Establishment of Vavilov Siberian Wheatgrass Monica B. Mazzola,1 Kimberly G. Allcock,2 Jeanne C. Chambers,3 Robert R. Blank,4 Eugene W. Schupp,5 Paul S. Doescher,6 and Robert S. Nowak7 Authors are 1Graduate Research Assistant, 2Postdoctoral Associate, and 7Professor, Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA; 3Research Ecologist, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Reno, NV 89512, USA; 4Soil Scientist, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Exotic and Invasive Weeds Unit, Reno, NV 89512, USA; 5Professor, Department of Rangeland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; 6Professor, Department of Forest Resources, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. Abstract Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) is the most widespread invasive weed in sagebrush ecosystems of North America. Restoration of perennial vegetation is difficult and land managers have often used introduced bunchgrasses to restore degraded sagebrush communities. Our objective was to evaluate the potential of ‘Vavilov’ Siberian wheatgrass (Agropyron fragile [Roth] P. Candargy) to establish on cheatgrass-dominated sites. We examined Vavilov establishment in response to different levels of soil nitrogen availability by adding sucrose to the soil to promote nitrogen (N) immobilization and examined cheatgrass competition by seeding different levels of cheatgrass. We used a blocked split-split plot design with two sucrose levels (0 and 360 g ? m22), two levels of Vavilov (0 and 300 seeds ? m22), and five levels of cheatgrass (0, 150, 300, 600, and 1 200 seeds ? m22). Seeding was conducted in fall 2003 and 2004, and measurements were taken in June 2004, 2005, and 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Plant Propagation Protocol
    Plant Propagation Protocol for Agrostis scabra ESRM 412 – Native Plant Production Protocol URL: https://courses.washington.edu/esrm412/protocols/AGSC5.pdf TAXONOMY Family Names Family Scientific Name Poaceae Family Common Name Grass Family Scientific Names Genus Agrostis L. Species scabra Authority Willd. Varieties N/A Sub-species N/A Cultivar N/A Common Synonym(s) Agrostis scabra Willd. var. geminata (Trin.) Swallen Agrostis scabra Willd. var. septentrionalis Fernald Agrostis scabra Willd. subsp. septentrionalis (Fernald) Á. Löve & D. Löve Agrostis geminata Trin. Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. var. geminata (Trin.) Hitchc. Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. var. scabra (Willd.) Blomquist Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. var. tenuis (Tuck.) Gleason Common Name(s) Rough bentgrass, hair bentgrass, winter bentgrass ticklegrass, fly-away grass Species Code (as per USDA Plants AGSC5 database) GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical range Native range in North America (6 – numbers in parenthesis refer to reference number in citations) Counties with AGSC5 in Washington state with green circles representing specimen markers for AGSC5 (1). Ecological distribution Open parks that are wet in spring and early summer and dry out as growing season progresses (8). Also occurs in moist meadows and along streams (7). Often found at disturbed sites, especially in clearings and roadsides. Found in rocky slopes, gravelly river bars and on rocks near waterfalls (7) Has a facultative wetland indicator status (6) Climate and elevation range Common at low to middle elevations (7). Local habitat and abundance See WA distribution map. Associated with myriad species but common with spruce-cedar-hemlock forests in western Washington (4). Plant strategy type / successional Facultative Seral Species that is generally a pioneer or stage invader species that thrives in open sunny locations (4).
    [Show full text]
  • NJ Native Plants - USDA
    NJ Native Plants - USDA Scientific Name Common Name N/I Family Category National Wetland Indicator Status Thermopsis villosa Aaron's rod N Fabaceae Dicot Rubus depavitus Aberdeen dewberry N Rosaceae Dicot Artemisia absinthium absinthium I Asteraceae Dicot Aplectrum hyemale Adam and Eve N Orchidaceae Monocot FAC-, FACW Yucca filamentosa Adam's needle N Agavaceae Monocot Gentianella quinquefolia agueweed N Gentianaceae Dicot FAC, FACW- Rhamnus alnifolia alderleaf buckthorn N Rhamnaceae Dicot FACU, OBL Medicago sativa alfalfa I Fabaceae Dicot Ranunculus cymbalaria alkali buttercup N Ranunculaceae Dicot OBL Rubus allegheniensis Allegheny blackberry N Rosaceae Dicot UPL, FACW Hieracium paniculatum Allegheny hawkweed N Asteraceae Dicot Mimulus ringens Allegheny monkeyflower N Scrophulariaceae Dicot OBL Ranunculus allegheniensis Allegheny Mountain buttercup N Ranunculaceae Dicot FACU, FAC Prunus alleghaniensis Allegheny plum N Rosaceae Dicot UPL, NI Amelanchier laevis Allegheny serviceberry N Rosaceae Dicot Hylotelephium telephioides Allegheny stonecrop N Crassulaceae Dicot Adlumia fungosa allegheny vine N Fumariaceae Dicot Centaurea transalpina alpine knapweed N Asteraceae Dicot Potamogeton alpinus alpine pondweed N Potamogetonaceae Monocot OBL Viola labradorica alpine violet N Violaceae Dicot FAC Trifolium hybridum alsike clover I Fabaceae Dicot FACU-, FAC Cornus alternifolia alternateleaf dogwood N Cornaceae Dicot Strophostyles helvola amberique-bean N Fabaceae Dicot Puccinellia americana American alkaligrass N Poaceae Monocot Heuchera americana
    [Show full text]