Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Aim of Yoga 1.2. Yogas chitta vrtti nirodhah,  Yogas-yoga  Chitta-mind or consciousness  Vrtti-patterns or modifications  Nirodhah-blocking or annnihilating To annihilate the modifications of mind is Yoga. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Modifications of mind 1.5. Vrttayah pancatayyah klista aklistah,  Vrttayah - Modifications of mind  pancatayyah - fivefold  klista- painful  aklistah- not painful Modifications o fmind are fivefold, they are painful or not painful. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Fivefold Modifications of Mind 1.6. Pramana-viparyaya-vikalpa-nidra-smrtayah,  pramana- Right Knowledge  viparyaya- Wrong Knowledge  vikalpa- Fancy  nidra- Sleep  smrtayah- Memory The fivefold modifications of mind are, (i). Right Knowledge, (ii).Wrong Knowledge, (iii). Fancy, (iv). Sleep and (v). Memory. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Source of Right knowledge 1.7. Pratyaksanumanagamah pramanani|  Pratyaksa- Direct cognition  Anumana- inference  Agama- testimony  Pramanani- the source of right knowledge Direct cognition, inference, and testimony are the source of right knowledge. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Source of Wrong Knowledge 1.8. Viparyayo mithyajnanamatadrupapratistham|  viparyayah- Wrong conception  mithya- false  jnanam- knowlege  atad- not its own  rupa- form  pratistham- based Wrong conception is false knowledge which is not based on its own form. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Fancy or Imagination 1.9. Sabdajnanupati vastu-sunyo vikalpah|  Sabda-Jnana-word, sound  Anupati-cognition  vastu-object  sunyo –empty, void  vikalpah-imagination, Following upon knowledge through words but empty of an object is fancy. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada State of Sleep 1.10. Abhava-pratyayalambana - vrittirnidra,  Abhava- absence  Pratyaya- contents of mind  Alambana-support  Vrittih-modification  Nidra-sleep Sleep is the vritti of absence of mental contents for its support. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada What is Memory? 1.11. Anubhutavisaya sampramosah smrtih|  Anubhuta- experienced  Visaya- objects of sense perception  Asampramosah-not letting escape  Smrtih-memory Not letting the experienced objects escape from the mind is memory. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Constant Practice and Detachment 1.12. Abhyasavairagyabhyam tannirodhah|  Abhyasa- repeated practice  Vairagyabhyam-by detachment  Tat-that  Nirodhah-blocking The stopping of the five vrittis by repeated practice and vairagya (detachment).

Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Abhyasa Means Constant Practice 1.13. Tatra sthitau yatno'bhyasah|  Tatra-there, out of the two  Sthitau-being fixed  Yatnah-effort  Abhyasah-practice Of the two (mentioned in the previous sutra) to be established in endeavour is abhyasa. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Foundation of Constant Practice 1.14. Sa tu dirghakala daranairantaryasatkarasaevito drdhabhumih|  Sah-that(abhyasa)  Tu-but  Dirgha-long  Kala-time  DaraNairantarya-without interruption  Satkara-reverence  Asaevitah-practised  drdha- firm  bhumih-ground It becomes firmly grounded by being continued for a long tie with reverence, without interruption. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Lower form of Detachment 1.15. Drstanusravika-visayavitrsnasya vasikara-sanjna vairagyam|  Drsta-seen  anusravika- heard  visaya-object  vitrsnasya-of the one who is free of desire  vasikara-control  sanjna-awareness  vairagyam-absence of craving When an individual becomes free of craving for the sense objects which he has experienced as well as those of which he has heard, that state of consciousness is vairagya. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Higher form of Detachment 1.16. Tatparam purusakhyatergunavaitrsnyam|  Tat-that  Param-highest  Purusakhateh-true knowledge of purusa Gunavaitrsnyam-freedom from the desire for gunas That is highest in which there is freedom from the desire for gunas on account of the knowledge of purusha. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Obstacles in Path of Yoga Practice 1.30. Vyadhistyanasamsayapramadalasyaviratibhranti-darsanalabdha bhumikatvanavasthitatvani cittaviksepaste'ntarayah|  Vyadhi-disease  Styana-dullness  Samsaya-doubt  Pramada-procrastination  alasya-laziness  avirati-craving for enjoyment  bhrantidarsana-errenous perception  alabdhabhumikatva- inability to achieve finer state  anavasthitatva-instability  cittaviksepah-obstacle to the mind  te-they  antarayah-obstacles Disease, dullness, doubt, procrastination, laziness, craving, erroneous perception, inability to achieve finer stages nad instabiity are the obstacles. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Obstacles can be removed by one-pointedness 1.31. Duhkhadaurmanasyangamejayatvasvasaprasvasaviksepasahabhuvah|  Duhkha-pain  Daurmanasya- depression  Angamejayatva-shaking of the body  Svasaprasvasa-inhalations and exhalations  Viksepa-distraction  Sahabhuvah-accompanying symptom Pain, depression, shaking of the body and unrhythmic breathing are the accompanying symptoms of mental distraction. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Removal of obstacles by concentration 1.32. Tatpratisedharthamekatvabhyasah,  Tat-that  Pratisedhartham-for removal  Eka-one  Tattva-principle  Abhyasah-practice For removal of those (obstacles and accompanying symptoms) the practice of concentration on one principal (is to be done). Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Or by Cultivating Opposite Virtues 1.33. Maitrikarunamuditopeksanam sukhaduhkhapunyapunyavisayanam bhavanataschittaprasadanam|  Maitri- friendliness  Karuna-compassion  Mudita-gladness  Upeksanam-indifference  Sukha-happiness  Duhkha-misery  Punya-virtue  Apunya-vice  Visayanam-of the objects  Bhavanatah-attitude  Chitta-mind  Prasadanam-purification, making peaceful In relation to happiness, misery, virtue and vice, by cultivating the attitude of friendliness, compassion, gladness and indifference respectively, the mind becomes purified and peaceful. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada By Controlling Prana 1.34. Pracchardanavidharan abyam va pranasya|  Pracchardana-expiration or rechaka  Vidharanabyam-holding, kumbhaka  Va-or  Pranasya-of breath Or by expiration and retention of breath (one can control the mind). Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada

By Observing Sense Experience 1.35. Visayavati va pravritirutpanna manasah sthitinibandhani|  Visayavati- sensuos  Va-or  Pravritih-functioning  Utpanna-arisen  Manasah-of the mind  Sthiti-steadiness  Nibandhani-which binds Or else mind can be made stad by bringing it into activity of sense experience. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada By Inner Illumination 1.36. Visoka va jyotismati|  Visoka-without sorrow  Va-or  Jyotismati-luminous, full of light Or the luminous state which is beyond sorrow (can control the mind). Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada By Detachment from matter 1.37. Vitaragavisayam va chittam|  Vitaraga-passionless person who has transcended raga  Visayam-object  Va-or  Chittam-mind Or the else mind can bebrought under control bymaking passionless persons the object for concentrating the mind. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada By Knowledge of Dream and Sleep 1.38. Svapnanidrajnanalambanam va|  Svapna-dream  Nidra-sleep  Jnana-knowledge  Alambana-support  Va-or, also Or else (the mind can be made steady) by giving it the knowledge of dream and sleep for support. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada By Meditation as Desired 1.39. Yathabhimatadhyanadva|  Yatha-as  Abhimata-desired  Dhyanad-by meditation  Va-or Or else by meditation as desired(mind can be steadied). Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Samadhi Pada Fruits of Meditation 1.40. Paramanu-paramamahattvanto'sya vasikarah|  Paramanu-ultimate atom  Paramamahattva- ultimately largeness  Antah-ending  Asya-of this  Vasikarah-mastery So the yogi is given mastery over all objects for meditation ranging from the smallest atom to the infinitely large.