Jean-Pierre G. Changeux
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Connections Opportunities
FY2O11Annual Report e m B r a C i n g opportunities M e M b e r s S e r v i n g t e C h n o l o g i e s o u t r e a c h M e M o r y T r a i n i n g SCIENCE D i s C o v e r y B r a i n R e s e a R c h v a l u e A d v o c A c y S u p p o r t i n g C i r C u i t i nternational m i s s i o n f u t u r e E v o l v i n g D y n a m i c a C tion Potential C o g n i t i o n f o s t e r i n g connections e m B r a C i n g opportunities f o s t e r i n g R e s e a R c h S e r v i n g o u t r e a c h SCIENCE E v o l v i n g B r Technologies v a l u e S u p p o r t i n g D y n a A d v o c A c y m i s s i o n I n t e r n a t I o n a l C i r C u i t f u t u r e M e M o r y C o g n i t i o n t r a i n i n g 2010-2011 Society for Neuroscience Council OFFICERS Susan G. -
Dehaene Et Al (2008)
Log or Linear? Distinct Intuitions of the Number Scale in Western and Amazonian Indigene Cultures Stanislas Dehaene, et al. Science 320, 1217 (2008); DOI: 10.1126/science.1156540 The following resources related to this article are available online at www.sciencemag.org (this information is current as of June 6, 2008 ): Updated information and services, including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online version of this article at: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/320/5880/1217 Supporting Online Material can be found at: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/320/5880/1217/DC1 This article cites 24 articles, 4 of which can be accessed for free: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/320/5880/1217#otherarticles Information about obtaining reprints of this article or about obtaining permission to reproduce this article in whole or in part can be found at: on June 6, 2008 http://www.sciencemag.org/about/permissions.dtl www.sciencemag.org Downloaded from Science (print ISSN 0036-8075; online ISSN 1095-9203) is published weekly, except the last week in December, by the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20005. Copyright 2008 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science; all rights reserved. The title Science is a registered trademark of AAAS. REPORTS Before formal schooling, Western children may Log or Linear? Distinct Intuitions of the acquire the number-line concept from Arabic nu- merals seen on elevators, rulers, books, etc. Thus, Number Scale in Western and existing studies do not reveal which aspects of the number-space mapping constitute a basic in- tuition that would continue to exist in the absence Amazonian Indigene Cultures of a structured mathematical language and educa- 1,2,3,4 1,2,4,5 5 6 tion. -
Scientists Honored for Research Unveiling Molecular Machines the Month of May Brought the Good Prestigious Honors in Science
june 2012 volume 8, issue 3 Advancing Biomedical Science, Education, and Health Care Scientists honored for research unveiling molecular machines The month of May brought the good prestigious honors in science. On the Campylobacter, which together cause chains of amino acids are formed into news that two School of Medicine 29th, Arthur L. Horwich, m.d., was most of the world’s food-borne illness. three-dimensional, functional struc- scientists, each of whom have done named a winner of the Shaw Prize Galán’s group has thoroughly tures. Misfolded proteins have been pathbreaking work on molecular ma- in Life Science and Medicine, along characterized the Salmonella “needle implicated in many diseases, including chines involved in human disease, had with his longtime scientific col- complex,” a syringe-like organelle Alzheimer’s disease and amyotrophic received high honors for their research. laborator Franz-Ulrich Hartl, m.d., through which the bacterium injects lateral sclerosis (als). On May 1 Jorge E. Galán, ph.d., dr.med., of the Max Planck Institute bacterial proteins into host cells during In 1989, Horwich’s lab, in collabo- d.v.m., chair and Lucille P. Markey of Biochemistry in Germany. infection, modulating the function ration with Hartl and his postdoctoral Professor of Microbial Pathogenesis Galán is renowned for his research of those cells for its own advantage. mentor Walter Neupert m.d., ph.d., and professor of cell biology, was elect- on the cell biology, biochemistry, im- In 2004, Galán and colleagues used discovered a specialized protein in yeast ed a member of the National Academy munobiology, and structural biology of cryoelectron microscopy to visualize called Hsp60 that acts as a protein- of Sciences (nas), one of the most the bacterial pathogens Salmonella and the three-dimensional structure of the folding machine. -
NRIC 2014 Event Program
Event Program WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24 Nebraska EPSCoR: Advancing Nebraska Through Transformative Research & Workforce Development HILTON OMAHA epscor.nebraska.edu nric.nebraska.edu Message from the Nebraska EPSCoR Director Notes: Dear Participants, Welcome to the 2014 Nebraska Neuroscience Symposium. Research in the field of neuroscience continues to make dynamic discoveries, each advance yielding greater understanding of the brain: humanity’s principal resource for addressing the challenges and possibilities we face. Your interactions here are part of what moves this work forward. Nebraska EPSCoR is proud to host this gathering. EPSCoR—the Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research—was created by the U.S. Congress to improve research infrastructure and capacity of a group of states. We work with research and education partners to enhance their capabilities and benefit Nebraska’s workforce development and economic growth. At today’s symposium—our 10th annual event and second devoted to neuroscience—we appreciate National Science Foundation funding in support of these important connections. Our speakers bring expertise from standout careers. We greatly value their presence and hope you enjoy the knowledge transfer and networking opportunities. F. Fred Choobineh, P.E., Ph.D. Director, Nebraska EPSCoR Table of Contents Agenda... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..1 Morning Session.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .2 Afternoon Session. 5 Poster -
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doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5016/1806-8774.2009v11pT1 ARBS Annual Review of Biomedical Sciences Theme Topic on “Cell Receptors and Signaling” pdf freely available at http://arbs.biblioteca.unesp.br 2009;11:T1-T50 Story of Muscarinic Receptors, Alkaloids with Muscarinic Significance and of Muscarinic Functions and Behaviors Alexander G Karczmar* Research Service, Edward J. Hines VA Hospital and Department of Pharmacology, Loyola U. Medical Center, IL, USA Received: 23 October 2009; accepted 22 December 2009 Online on 21 February 2010 .Abstract Karczmar AG.. Story of Muscarinic Receptors, Alkaloids with Muscarinic Significance and of Muscarinic Functions and Behaviors. Annu Rev Biomed Sci 2009;11:T1-T50. This review of the studies of the muscarinic receptors, their synaptic activities and their functional and behavioral roles will begin with the history of the research of the autonomic and central nervous systems and their transmitters, the development of the notion of the receptor, and the tale of the significance of muscarine and other alkaloids as well as of organophosphorus (OP) anticholinesterases for these studies; we will then segue into the modern status of muscarinic receptors and of their functional and behavioral expression. © by São Paulo State University – ISSN 1806-8774 Keywords: muscarinic, cholinesterase, cholinergic, nicotinic, curare, atropine, behavior Table of Contents 1. Early Story of the Autonomic and Central Nervous System 2. The Early Story of Pharmacologically Active Alkaloids and of OP AntiChEs 3. From Gaskell’s and Langley’s Definition of Autonomic Nervous System to Loewi’s Demonstration of Peripheral Chemical, Cholinergic Transmission 4. Eccles’s Demonstration of Central Chemical, Cholinergic Transmission and Immediate Post-Ecclessian Studies of Central Nicotinic and Muscarinic Transmission 5. -
DAVID NACHMANSOHN March 17, 1899-November 2, 1983
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES D A V I D N ACHMANSOHN 1899—1983 A Biographical Memoir by SEVERO OCHOA Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoir COPYRIGHT 1989 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON D.C. DAVID NACHMANSOHN March 17, 1899-November 2, 1983 BY SEVERO OCHOA AVID NACHMANSOHN'S scientific life path was strongly D influenced by his early studies on the biochemistry of muscle in Otto Meyerhof's laboratory. This experience led to an interest in the biochemistry of nerve activity, a field of study to which he would devote most of his scientific life. In so doing, he contributed—perhaps more than any other in- vestigator—to our understanding of the molecular basis of bioelectricity. David Nachmansohn was born in Jekaterinoslav, Russia (now Dnjetropetrowsk, USSR). His parents came from middle-class families among whom were many lawyers, phy- sicians, and other professionals. Before David and his two sisters reached school age, the family moved to Berlin where they had many relatives. Thus, David's background and edu- cation were essentially, if not exclusively, German. His college education was strongly humanistic, with Latin, Greek, liter- ature, and history as mainstays, some mathematics, and the rudiments of physics. Through his readings, perhaps pri- marily through his reading of the second part of Goethe's Faust when he was only seventeen years of age, he became interested in philosophy—so much so that he continued to attend courses and seminars in philosophy even while a med- ical student at Heidelberg in 1920. -
SCIENCE and SUSTAINABILITY Impacts of Scientific Knowledge and Technology on Human Society and Its Environment
EM AD IA C S A C I A E PONTIFICIAE ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARVM ACTA 24 I N C T I I F A I R T V N Edited by Werner Arber M O P Joachim von Braun Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo SCIENCE and SUSTAINABILITY Impacts of Scientific Knowledge and Technology on Human Society and Its Environment Plenary Session | 25-29 November 2016 Casina Pio IV | Vatican City LIBRERIA EDITRICE VATICANA VATICAN CITY 2020 Science and Sustainability. Impacts of Scientific Knowledge and Technology on Human Society and its Environment Pontificiae Academiae Scientiarvm Acta 24 The Proceedings of the Plenary Session on Science and Sustainability. Impacts of Scientific Knowledge and Technology on Human Society and its Environment 25-29 November 2016 Edited by Werner Arber Joachim von Braun Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo EX AEDIBVS ACADEMICIS IN CIVITATE VATICANA • MMXX The Pontifical Academy of Sciences Casina Pio IV, 00120 Vatican City Tel: +39 0669883195 • Fax: +39 0669885218 Email: [email protected] • Website: www.pas.va The opinions expressed with absolute freedom during the presentation of the papers of this meeting, although published by the Academy, represent only the points of view of the participants and not those of the Academy. ISBN 978-88-7761-113-0 © Copyright 2020 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, pho- tocopying or otherwise without the expressed written permission of the publisher. PONTIFICIA ACADEMIA SCIENTIARVM LIBRERIA EDITRICE VATICANA VATICAN CITY The climate is a common good, belonging to all and meant for all. -
Consciousness, Accessibility, and the Mesh Between Psychology and Neuroscience
BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES (2007) 30, 481–548 Printed in the United States of America doi: 10.1017/S0140525X07002786 Consciousness, accessibility, and the mesh between psychology and neuroscience Ned Block Department of Philosophy, New York University, New York, NY 10003 [email protected] Abstract: How can we disentangle the neural basis of phenomenal consciousness from the neural machinery of the cognitive access that underlies reports of phenomenal consciousness? We see the problem in stark form if we ask how we can tell whether representations inside a Fodorian module are phenomenally conscious. The methodology would seem straightforward: Find the neural natural kinds that are the basis of phenomenal consciousness in clear cases – when subjects are completely confident and we have no reason to doubt their authority – and look to see whether those neural natural kinds exist within Fodorian modules. But a puzzle arises: Do we include the machinery underlying reportability within the neural natural kinds of the clear cases? If the answer is “Yes,” then there can be no phenomenally conscious representations in Fodorian modules. But how can we know if the answer is “Yes”? The suggested methodology requires an answer to the question it was supposed to answer! This target article argues for an abstract solution to the problem and exhibits a source of empirical data that is relevant, data that show that in a certain sense phenomenal consciousness overflows cognitive accessibility. I argue that we can find a neural realizer of this overflow if we assume that the neural basis of phenomenal consciousness does not include the neural basis of cognitive accessibility and that this assumption is justified (other things being equal) by the explanations it allows. -
A N N U a L R E P O R T 2 0
0 1 0 2 Acknowledgements T R HFSPO is grateful for the support of the following organizations: O P Australia E R National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) L Canada A Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) U Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) N European Union N European Commission - A Directorate General Information Society (DG INFSO) European Commission - Directorate General Research (DG RESEARCH) France Communauté Urbaine de Strasbourg (CUS) Ministère des Affaires Etrangères et Européennes (MAEE) Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche (MESR) Région Alsace Germany Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) India Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology Italy Ministry of Education, University and Research (CNR) Japan Ministry for Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) Republic of Korea Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) New Zealand Health Research Council (HRC) Norway Research Council of Norway (RCN) Switzerland State Secretariat for Education and Research (SER) United Kingdom The International Human Frontier Science Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Program Organization (HFSPO) Council (BBSRC) 12 quai Saint Jean - BP 10034 Medical Research Council (MRC) 67080 Strasbourg CEDEX - France Fax. +33 (0)3 88 32 88 97 United States of America e-mail: [email protected] National Institutes of Health (NIH) Web site: www.hfsp.org National Science Foundation (NSF) Japanese web site: http://jhfsp.jsf.or.jp HUMAN FRONTIER SCIENCE PROGRAM The Human Frontier Science Program is unique, supporting international collaboration to undertake innovative, risky, basic research at the frontiers of the life sciences. -
Curriculum Vitae Stanislas Dehaene Born May 12Th 1965 in Roubaix
Last updated Monday, 13 February 2017 Curriculum Vitae Stanislas Dehaene Inserm-CEA Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit Born May 12th 1965 in Roubaix (France) CEA/SAC/DSV/DRM/NeuroSpin Married to Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz, Bât 145, Point Courrier 156, 3 F-91191 3 children (Guillaume, David, Olivier) GIF/YVETTE, FRANCE Phone : 33 (0)1 69 08 79 32 Email: [email protected] Fax : 33 (0)1 69 08 79 73 Websites for additional information and publications: Research : www.unicog.org Teaching : http://www.college-de-france.fr/default/EN/all/psy_cog/index.htm Education/Training Year Institution and Location Degree Field of study 1999 Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Habilitation to Cognitive neuroscience Sciences sociales (EHESS), Paris direct research 1989 Ecole des Hautes Etudes en PhD Cognitive science Sciences sociales (EHESS), Paris 1985 University of Paris VI Masters Applied mathematics and computer science 1984-1989 Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris Mathematics Research and professional experience 2005- Professor at the Collège de France, chair of Experimental Cognitive Psychology 2002- Director of the INSERM-CEA Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, France 1997-2005 Research Director at INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research) 1992-1994 Post-doctoral Fellow, Institute of Cognitive and Decision Sciences, University of Oregon (USA), director Michael Posner 1989-1999 Research Scientist, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, Paris, France 1984-1989 Ecole Normale Supérieure, Mathematics sections 1982-1984 Ecole préparatoire Ste Geneviève, Versailles (Mathematics section) Major grants 2016-2021 European Research Council Senior Grant (2 500 000 €) 2013-2023 Human Brain Project (leader of the “cognitive architectures” subproject) 2011-2014 ANR “Neural bases of hierarchical constituent structure" (with C. -
Current Acetylcholinesterase-Inhibitors: a Neuroinformatics Perspective
Send Orders for Reprints to [email protected] CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets, 2014, 13, 391-401 391 Current Acetylcholinesterase-Inhibitors: A Neuroinformatics Perspective Sibhghatulla Shaikh1,†, Anupriya Verma2,†, Saimeen Siddiqui1,†, Syed Sayeed Ahmad2, Syed Mohd. Danish Rizvi1, Shazi Shakil*,2, Deboshree Biswas1, Divya Singh1, Mohd. Haris Siddiqui2, Shahnawaz Shakil3, Shams Tabrez4 and Mohammad Amjad Kamal4 1Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, India 2Department of Bio-Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, India 3Cardinal Health 7000, Cardinal Place, Dublin OH 43017, USA 4King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia Abstract: This review presents a concise update on the inhibitors of the neuroenzyme, acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7). AChE is a serine protease, which hydrolyses the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine into acetate and choline thereby terminating neurotransmission. Molecular interactions (mode of binding to the target enzyme), clinical applications and limitations have been summarized for each of the inhibitors discussed. Traditional inhibitors (e.g. physostigmine, tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine etc.) as well as novel inhibitors like various physostigmine-derivatives have been covered. This is followed by a short glimpse on inhibitors derived from nature (e.g. Huperzine A and B, Galangin). Also, a discussion on ‘hybrid of pre-existing drugs’ has been incorporated. Furthermore, current status of therapeutic applications of AChE- inhibitors has also been summarized. Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase, acetylcholine, physostigmine, rivastigmine, huperzine A. 1. INTRODUCTION gravis (MG) [5], Parkinson’s disease (PD) [6] and other ‘non-classical’ activities such as cell adhesion, neurite The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1936 was formation and network formation [7] elicited numerous shared by Sir Henry Hallett Dale and Otto Loewi for their researches relevant to the medical field. -
Annual Report 20 14
ANNUAL REPORT 2014 HUMAN FRONTIER SCIENCE PROGRAM The Human Frontier Science Program is unique, supporting international collaboration to undertake innovative, risky, basic research at the frontier of the life sciences. Special emphasis is given to the support and training of independent young investigators, beginning at the postdoctoral level. The Program is implemented by an international organisation, supported financially by Australia, Canada, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and the European Union. Since 1990, over 6000 awards have been made to researchers from more than 70 countries. Of these, 25 HFSP awardees have gone on to receive the Nobel Prize. APRIL 2014 - MARCH 2015 ANNUAL REPORT — 3 — Table of contents The following documents are available on the HFSP web site www.hfsp.org: Joint Communiqués (Tokyo 1992, Washington 1997, Berlin 2002, Bern 2004, Ottawa 2007, Canberra 2010, Brussels 2013): http://www.hfsp.org/about-us/governance/intergovernmental-conference Statutes of the International Human Frontier Science Program Organization : http://www.hfsp.org/about-us/governance/statutes Guidelines for the participation of new members in HFSPO : http://www.hfsp.org/about-us/new-membership General reviews of the HFSP (1996, 2001, 2006-2007, 2010): http://www.hfsp.org/about-us/reviews-hfsp Updated and previous lists of awards, including titles and abstracts: http://www.hfsp.org/awardees — 4 — INTRODUCTION Introduction