The Long-Term Effects of the Historical Roman
The long-term effects of the historical Roman road network: trade costs of Italian provinces∗ Luca De Benedictis† Vania Licio‡ Anna Maria Pinna§ March 15, 2018 Abstract The paper provides evidence of the causal effect of infrastructure on trade costs, for the 107 Italian provinces (NUTS3), testing whether current differences in trade costs among provinces can be traced back to the structure of the historical Roman road network. By constructing a specific measure of the extent of the Roman road network for each Italian province and relying on an instrumental variables approach, the empirical analysis shows that having an integrated road system, as the one built during the Roman Empire, plays an important role in current international trade. The study confirms not only the importance of history for contemporary economic development, but also the significant role played by the historical infrastructure in shaping geography and in determining current trade patterns via the influence on today’s infrastructure. JEL Classification: F10, F14. Keywords: Trade costs; Roman roads; Long-term effects of history; Italy; Provinces. ∗The authors thank participants at the ICEG 2017 Conference in Naples, at the SETC 2017 Conference in Sardinia, at the 58th Annual Conference of the Italian Economic Association in Arcavacata, at the 18th World Congress of the International Economic Association in Mexico City, at the 7th International Conference ‘Economics of Global Interactions: New Perspectives on Trade, Factor Mobility and Development’ and at the VII Workshop on Institutions, Individual Behaviour and Economic Outcomes in Alghero for helpful comments and discussions, in particular Rinaldo Brau, Alessandro Bucciol, Emanuele Mazzini, Alireza Naghavi, Gianluca Orefice and Luigi Pascali for the insightful comments.
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