July 23, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8235 [Mr. LEACH addressed the House. His the Cypriot people on both sides of the age in Cyprus who know nothing other remarks will appear hereinafter in the Green line. than the experience of living in a di- Extensions of Remarks.] Indeed, Cyprus has become a code- vided society. For this next generation f word for stale-mate and intractability what can guide them in learning to ac- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a in international diplomacy. cept life with a neighboring but dif- This year, new governments in previous order of the House, the gen- ferent culture? Time is running out for Greece and Turkey had led to hopes tleman from Georgia [Mr. KINGSTON] is the possibility of achieving a peaceful and expectations that a fresh start in recognized for 5 minutes. settlement, and the people of Cyprus improving relations between the two now have to ask themselves if the en- [Mr. KINGSTON addressed the House. countries could be made, and lead to mity between the two communities is His remarks will appear hereinafter in the mutual confidence that could truly worth the price of a divided na- the Extensions of Remarks.] produce a settlement for Cyprus. tion. f Those hopes were dashed when Turk- b 2230 CYPRUS—22 YEARS OF DIVISION ish war ships attempted to challenge Greek sovereignty over Imia. Because Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, nobody The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under of concerns over increasing instability deserves more credit than the gen- the Speaker’s announced policy of May in the Aegean we placed a hold on the tleman from New York [Mr. GILMAN] 12, 1995, the gentleman from Florida transfer of three U.S. naval frigates to on the issue of human rights all over [Mr. BILIRAKIS] is recognized for half Turkey. the world, and I really thank the gen- the time until the hour of midnight as I hope that our hold will send a tleman. the designee of the majority leader. strong signal to Ankara that the pa- Mr. Speaker, Cyprus is roughly the Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, here tience of the Congress has just about same size as the State of Connecticut we are again, year after year, doing run out, and that we want to see move- with approximately 660,000 inhabitants. this special order marking the 22 years ment on getting Turkish troops out of Turkish and Greek Cypriots lived to- of division of the Republic of Cyprus as Cyprus, among other things. gether on the island side by side for al- the result of an unlawful invasion 22 I am distressed that the Clinton ad- most five centuries. However, the land- years go by the Turkish military. ministration seems more interested in scape, Cyprus, was dramatically I am saddened by this so-called anni- coddling Turkey’s military than in changed when Turkey invaded the is- versary but, of course, we are all hope- finding a solution for Cyprus. land in 1974. On July 20 of that year ful that this will be the year that the Last year, we were hopeful that the Turkish forces, some 6,000 troops and 40 Administration under the guidance of division of Cyprus is finally resolved. tanks, landed on the north coast of Cy- former Assistant Secretary Richard And I guess year after year after year prus and captured almost 40 percent of Holbrooke would take on the Cyprus we are always hopeful that this will be the island, and the international com- question, just as Holbrooke had taken the year. And, of course, it never turns munity has strongly condemned the on the job of finding peace in Bosnia. out to be that way. And then here we military invasion from the beginning. Regrettably Mr. Holbrooke has left the are again, the esteemed gentleman On the very day of the invasion the Administration, but it is hoped that from New York [Mr. GILMAN], the es- United Nations adopted Resolution 353, one of our other talented diplomats teemed gentleman from Illinois [Mr. which called upon all states to respect could produce a breakthrough in the PORTER], the esteemed gentleman from the sovereignty, independence, and ter- Pennsylvania [Mr. KLINK], so many region. The shape of a possible settlement is ritorial integrity of Cyprus and de- others, doing this. We will continue to manded an immediate end to military do it because we feel that possibly we out there. I believe that both President Clerides and Mr. Denktash are men intervention in the Republic of Cyprus. may penetrate the consciousness of the However, Turkey ignored the edict of people responsible. who can rise above the recent enmity that has developed between the two the international community and GENERAL LEAVE communities, and find a way to reunite launched a second offensive in August, Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I ask the island based on mutual good-will 1974. unanimous consent that all Members and confidence. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman may have 5 legislative days to revise Regrettably, following the elections from Illinois [Mr. PORTER] at this time. and extend their remarks regarding the this past December, the Turkish gov- Mr. PORTER. I very much thank the subject of my special order. ernment appears to be in a weakened gentleman from Florida for arranging The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there position and thus less able to reign-in this special order on Cyprus and com- objection to the request of the gen- recalcitrant elements among Turkey’s mend him for his great leadership in tleman from Florida [Mr. BILIRAKIS]? political and military establishment. attempting to once again bring us to- There was no objection. Recent developments in Turkey have gether to address this very, very seri- Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I yield led to an Islamist government coming ous matter. to the gentleman from New York [Mr. to power in Ankara. The willingness of Mr. Speaker, I come to the floor GILMAN]. that government to engage in dialog today, as I have many times before, to Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, today’s and compromise on the Cyprus ques- commemorate the sad anniversary of Special Order on Cyprus comes on the tion is not yet clear. But the fortunes the tragic separation of Cyprus by 22d anniversary of the brutal invasion of the people of Cyprus must not be Turkish troops. This past Saturday, by Turkish troops. I commend my held hostage to internal Turkish politi- July 20, marks the 22d year of the sepa- friend the gentleman from Florida [Mr. cal problems. ration. BILIRAKIS] for organizing this Special Old history and grievances must be On July 20 1974, over 6,000 Turkish Order. Today, the international com- placed behind us as we seek to resolve troops and 40 tanks landed on the north munity is still confronted with the fact the division of Cyprus. I hope and pray coast of Cyprus and heavy fighting that in excess of 30,000 Turkish mili- that both sides of the problem will took place between them and the Cyp- tary personnel remain on the island of reach within themselves to find the re- riot National Guard. Turkish troops Cyprus to enforce an illegal partition solve to settle this persistent problem. pressed on to the capital city of and to protect a self-proclaimed gov- The Greek Cypriots have demonstrated Nicosia, where they engaged in heavy ernment that has been recognized by flexibility and the spirit of compromise street fighting with Cypriot National only one other country—Turkey itself. in recent rounds of U.N. sponsored Guardsmen and Cypriot irregulars. Those of us in the Congress who have talks. The international community Throughout the battles, the Turkish supported a negotiated settlement to and the U.N. should recognize this as air force bombed and strafed Greek- the dispute which has led to the divi- we re-evaluate our tactics in the light Cypriot positions and attacked the sion of Cyprus are painfully aware of of the most recent failure to move be- Nicosia airport. By the time a cease the complexities of the issue, the injus- yond the current situation. fire had been arranged on August 16, tices committed, and particularly the Twenty-two years is a long time. Turkish forces had taken the northern suffering over these many long years of There are now young people coming of third of the country. H8236 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE July 23, 1996 Throughout the battles subsequent itself in the negotiations themselves. Imia is, and not many of them have occupation, tales of atrocities, abduc- But we can and should do everything been good. In fact, on March 1 of this tions, rapes, and executions were possible to encourage the parties to year Turkish Cypriot leader Rauf heard. It was only as those abducted or find common ground and to establish Denktash finally made the comment taken prisoner of war began to filter an environment in which agreement that those Greek Cypriots that the back to their homes after the cease fire can take place. gentleman from Florida [Mr. BILI- that it became apparent that hundreds Mr. Speaker, let us all hope that next RAKIS] referred to who were captured were missing. year, at this time, we no longer have during Turkey’s 1974 invasion of Cy- The Congressional Human Rights the need to gather once again on the prus were murdered, were murdered, he Caucus, which I have co-chaired with House floor to reiterate our deep frus- said, by Turkish Cypriot paramilitary the gentleman from California [Mr. tration at the ongoing Turkish mili- forces, which would be, I would remind LANTOS] for over a decade, has held nu- tary occupation of Cyprus. Twenty-two you, in violation of the Geneva ac- merous briefings on this issue. Always, years is much too long to see a divided cords. we hear wrenching testimony of viola- island and divided people. It is my When he was asked about the fate of tions and subsequent coverups by the deepest hope, that the next special the Greek Cypriots, and we assume Turks. The coverup continues to this order on Cyprus will be to commemo- also the five Americans who are listed very day. rate and celebrate a new found lasting as missing, including, I would mention, Over 1,600 Greek Cypriots and 5 peace and unity in Cyprus. one 17-year-old boy from Michigan who Americans are still among the missing, I thank my good friend and col- was taken away from his family with and a generation has grown up in Cy- league, the gentleman from Florida his American passport in his hand, and prus not knowing unity and peace. [Mr. BILIRAKIS], for calling this special Denktash told a Greek Cypriot tele- Over 35,000 Turkish troops occupy the order and for bringing us together in vision station; this is a direct quote, northern third of this beautiful coun- this ongoing effort to solve this very, Mr. Speaker; what happened, he said, try, despite the fact that this military very difficult problem. was this: occupation is recognized to be illegal Mr. BILIRAKIS. Long before I got ‘‘As the Turkish army moved and and in violation of numerous United here you were very much interested in captured Greek Cypriots, unfortu- Nations resolutions. this issue, and you are the chairman of nately they were handed to our fight- Since we stood here on this same the Human Rights Caucus, ranking ers;’’ an aside here, Mr. Speaker, he date 1 year ago, Congress and the ad- member of that caucus for many, many was speaking of the Turkish Cypriot ministration have repeatedly indicated years, and I know your interest in militia; he said, ‘‘Among whom were that a Cyprus solution is long over due. human rights, and this is a human people that had lost family over the The House has passed a resolution, of rights issue. It is an issue of right ver- years. Instead of taking them to the which I was an original cosponsor, re- sus wrong, but also very much so police station or the prison camps, affirming that the status quo on Cy- human rights, and I know that it is they were killed.’’ prus is unacceptable and calling for the something that you have been greatly Well, President Clerides of Cyprus demilitarization of Cyprus. In addition, concerned with. said if the Turkish side claims that the the House reduced economic assistance As a result, Mr. Speaker, of Turkey’s missing are dead, then we demand to to Turkey for fiscal year 1996 from the illegal invasion, 1,619 people are miss- know the circumstances of their death, administration request of $100 million ing. Among these missing, five are U.S. and we want to know where they were to $33.5 million because of their ongo- citizens. In addition, more than 200,000 buried. Their families deserve to know. ing human rights violations, including Cypriots were forcibly driven from The world deserves to know. As of yet their illegal military occupation of Cy- their homes and are now refugees, a we do not know. We have not had an prus. The administration has repeat- people without a home. To date, Tur- answer. edly said that 1996 is to be the year of key continues its illegal occupation of This comment, I would remind you, the ‘‘big push’’ on Cyprus. was made March 1 of this year. A Cy- But, Mr. Speaker, we are over half the northern portion of Cyprus, main- prus government spokesman said the way through 1966 and a Cyprus solution taining more than 35,000 troops and still seems a distant reality. We talk, some 80,000 settlers there. Clearly, this government was considering whether and talk, and talk some more about occupation continues to serve as a or not to press for the prosecution of what needs to be done to bring peace wedge among Cyprus, Turkey, and these acts as war crimes, saying if pris- and unity to this tiny, beautiful Medi- Greece. In fact, relations among these oners of war were executed in cold terranean country. According to a re- three countries have recently deterio- blood, that would violate the Geneva cent Washington Times article, the Cy- rated from the dispute over the island Convention on the treatment of pris- prus problem has been reviewed at of Imia, as Mr. GILMAN mentioned, this oners of war. He also disputed the least 150 times during the past 22 years past January, to the shooting of an un- claims of the Turkish Cypriot leaders to no avail. I would argue that 150 is a armed Greek teenager by the Turkish that prisoners taken to Turkey were very conservative estimate. occupation army in Cyprus this June. all accounted for. He said even among But, Mr. Speaker, most significantly These incidents, Mr. Speaker, are the people taken to Turkey and reg- talks are scheduled to begin in 1998 re- just a few of the many hostile actions istered by the International Red Cross garding Cyprus’ entry into the Euro- taken by Turkey and are indicative of some of them never came back and pean Union. Their approach should gal- Turkey’s aggressive behavior towards questioned whether or not Denktash vanize serious negotiations now that Cyprus and Greece. was now attempting to exonerate the lead Greek and Turkish Cypriots of Mr. Speaker, I would yield to the Turkish Army which, under the Geneva goodwill to find the keys to unlock a gentleman from Pennsylvania, my fel- Convention, bore the sole responsibil- lasting peace and reunite a divided low Greek American, Mr. KLINK. ity for prisoners of war. country. Mr. KLINK. I thank the gentleman Now, strong condemnation of the Mr. Speaker, we cannot suffer an- from Florida, Mr. BILIRAKIS for yield- Turkish admission came from leaders other round of failed talks between the ing to me, and like Mr. PORTER and Mr. across Europe. They said again that parties. I would urge not only an extra GILMAN, I have the desire that the next the main responsibility for the dis- strong push by the administration to time we stand to talk about Cyprus it appearance of these persons still lies raise this issue to the highest priority, will be because the right thing has with the Turkish Army, a fact that has but that our military talk directly been done and that the international been verified by international organi- with their counterparts in the Turkish community, European Union and oth- zations. military to gain their cooperation in ers have forced the hand of the Turks I will remind you that over hundreds finding a way to begin withdrawing to finally do what is right. of years it has been Turkey that has Turkish troops as a first step toward Mr. Speaker, since we stood here 1 been the provocateurs. The incident of unification. year ago, many things have happened the invasion of Cyprus 22 years ago Obviously, Mr. Speaker, our country that have changed that part of the Ae- does not stand alone in the annals of cannot and, in fact, must not involve gean where Cyprus is or the island of history of this part of the world. My July 23, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8237 own family’s name, as they lived on nomic times. Of course, Greece has them by the Turkish military. Today the island of Kalymnos, which is where tough economic times. They are one of Turkey maintains more than 35,000 Mr. BILIRAKIS’s family also came from, the poorest of the European Union. Yet troops in northern Cyprus, further was changed to Giavasis by the Turks, they are forced year after year to spend straining the unstable and tumultuous as they had control of Greece for hun- 6 to 7 percent of their gross national environment of the region. dreds of years, and it was always the product on defense, because they stand I commend President Clinton for des- Turks who came as the provocateurs, alone against the Turks, and the world ignating 1996 as the year of Cyprus. In- and they showed us again, I mentioned and the European Union has not forced deed, I wrote to the President earlier at the beginning of my statement, that the Turks to find a solution on the is- this year urging him to seek a perma- during the past year many things have land of Cyprus. nent, peaceful settlement of the Cyprus occurred. Well, it was not only having Mr. Speaker, I will be very thankful dispute. I am encouraged by the recent to do with Cyprus, but the Turks tonight to the many Members who developments as a result of the admin- moved to make a claim on a tiny island have stayed here on the floor because istration’s efforts in Cyprus last week. by the name of Imia, small island, they have justice in their heart. It The recent visit of U.S. presidential uninhabited except for some goats or would be very easy for Members and for envoy Richard Beattie and Ambassador for some sheep. the staff here in the House Chamber to Albright was a positive one. Discus- Many people say, ‘‘Well, why fight go home, but the fact of the matter is sions aimed at reducing military ten- about it?’’ Well, I would argue that that, while we may be a little bit tired sions between the parties are expected there were parts of south Texas that tonight, while we may not like work- to begin in the near future. It is ex- are virtually uninhabited except by ing long hours, we are talking about tremely important that the adminis- jack rabbits and snakes and scorpions, hours. To the Greek Cypriots it is tration continue to work with the par- but if the Mexicans tried to occupy years. ties to reduce tensions and move the that, we would be at war. I thank my friends on both sides of peace process forward. This island is Greek. This island was the aisle who have had justice and the The 22nd anniversary of the Turkish controlled, as part of the Dodecanese, feeling for their fellow humankind in invasion of Cyprus comes at a time by Italy by the Lausanne peace treaty their hearts for these years that have when other formerly embattled nations of 1923, and subsequently the Italians time after time come to this floor to are at last finding common ground granted this to Greek sovereignty in speak on behalf of not constituents of upon which to reach a lasting peace. the Paris Peace Treaty of 1947 follow- theirs, but for people of a nation who The U.S. has the ability to play a criti- ing World War II. have been wronged. cal role in helping the people of Cyprus There is no question about this, and I thank my dear friend, the gen- and stabilizing relations in the eastern yet in the past year the Turks once tleman from Florida, MIKE BILIRAKIS, Mediterranean. again being the provocateurs, having again for leading us, and for being the Mr. Speaker, the settlement of the been successful for 22 years at occupy- voice of reason of Greeks around the Cyprus dispute should be the highest ing Cyprus, at raping, at pillaging, at world, and I hope that before the next priority for the United States. I urge creating hundreds of people who are year’s anniversary comes we have some the support of my colleagues in moving refugees in their own land, were not kind of positive solution to the prob- this important initiative forward, and happy. They moved in a provocative lems of Cyprus. once again commend the gentleman way toward the island of Imia, and it is Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I from Florida [Mr. BILIRAKIS], for his up to the United States and to the Con- thank the gentleman. Obviously, that leadership, his endurance, and his great gress and to the President to not allow is the hope we all have. I cannot say commitment to the cause of peace, this to occur, to not stand idly by. It is how proud I am to be working with the both here and in Cyprus. up to the European Union to not look gentleman on this issue, as well as so Mr. Speaker, I include for the at this as happening to Greece, that many others. RECORD a letter from President Clinton Greece is one country alone, but this is Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman regarding U.S. efforts towards peace in an attack upon the European Union from Rhode Island [Mr. REED]. Cyprus: just as the movement against Cyprus Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, I first want The letter referred to is as follows: was a movement against all the Ae- to commend the gentleman from Flor- THE WHITE HOUSE, Washington, DC, July 17, 1996. gean. ida [Mr. BILIRAKIS], for his leadership in organizing this special order, and for Hon. JACK REED, b 2245 House of Representatives, his leadership on all of these vital is- Washington, DC. If you go to islands like Khios, you sues of importance, not only to our DEAR JACK: Thank you for your letter con- will find out that tens of thousands of country but to the country of Greece cerning our Cyprus initiative. I value your natives of the island of Khios were and to the country of Cyprus. expressions of support for our efforts to end massacred 175 years ago by the Turks. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to call at- the division of that island. When the Turks moved against Cyprus tention to the 22nd anniversary of the We have long appreciated the adverse ef- in 1974, tens of thousands of those liv- Turkish invasion and occupation of the fect that the Cyprus problem has on rela- ing on the island 150 years after the Republic of Cyprus. July 20, 1996, tions between Greece and Turkey. A nego- tiated solution would remove a serious massacre left because they were afraid marks 22 long years of Turkish mili- source of tensions between the two coun- of what was going to happen. tary presence in Cyprus. This anniver- tries. We made this point to Presidents That island still bears the scars of sary serves as a reminder that contin- Demirel and Stephanopoulos, Prime Minister Turkish violence towards them, of the ued efforts on the part of the United Simitis and Foreign Minister Gonensay dur- 3,000 Greeks who were burned to death States are essential in trying to estab- ing their recent visits to Washington. We so- when they fled to a church on Khios, lish a lasting, peaceful solution to the licited and received their support for our and the Turks burned the church down Cyprus dispute. planned efforts to work toward an eventual around them. And you can see the negotiated settlement. On July 20, 1974, 6,000 Turkish troops I completed my series of personal consulta- bloody imprints of the faces and hands launched the invasion of Cyprus, an in- tions with regional leaders when I hosted of children, of small Greek children, vasion that would ultimately conclude President Clerides at the White House on still today, on the floor, on the marble with the occupation of 40 percent of the June 17. I reaffirmed to him my commitment floors of this church, as they have re- island and its 660,000 inhabitants. to assist in the search for a Cyprus solution. built it. You can see the charred bones. Moreover, the installation of Turkish After meeting President Clerides, I an- They have been kept there for Greeks troops on Cyprus wrote an end to cen- nounced that I would send my Special Emis- to be able to remember these hos- turies of peaceful cohabitation between sary, Richard Beattie, to the region this tilities that were brought against them month to begin discussions on the key issues the Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot com- involved in a comprehensive settlement, by the Ottoman Empire. munities. with special emphasis on security. I expect So what we are looking at today is Since then thousands of Cypriots cooperation from all the parties when Mr. not something that can be blamed on have lost their lives over the years as Beattie and his delegation arrive in Turkey, the fact that Turkey has tough eco- a result of horrific acts imposed upon Greece and Cyprus. H8238 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE July 23, 1996 As we undertake our efforts to advance a Mr. BILIRAKIS. I thank the gen- invasion, of separation of families, of a solution, you can be assured of my commit- tleman for joining us this evening, this division of a country in an artificial ment to continued U.S. leadership on what I late evening, Mr. Speaker. means, and at the same time of a con- consider one of our highest priorities in Eu- Mr. Speaker, Turkey also deployed, tinuous occupation. And as the gen- rope. Sincerely, in addition to all of these other trans- tleman just pointed out, 37 percent of gressions that we have heard here to- BILL CLINTON. the island remains under occupation by Mr. BILIRAKIS. I thank the gen- night, nearly 100 American-made tanks Turkish troops, which, in defiance of tleman for joining us in this very im- on northern Cyprus this past January; United Nations resolutions, now num- portant special order, Mr. Speaker. I repeat, nearly 100 American-made ber 35,000. This makes Cyprus one of Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman tanks on northern Cyprus, this is the the most militarized areas in the from California [Mr. HORN]. occupied territory, this past January, world, considering its overall size. Mr. HORN. Mr. Speaker, I thank my in direct violation of agreements be- The fact of the matter is that despite distinguished colleague, the gentleman tween Turkey and the United States. the tragic history, we hope there is from Florida, Mr. BILIRAKIS, for ar- We have to ask ourselves, finally we reason to be optimistic. We believe the ranging this colloquy. I thank my col- have to ask ourselves, what are we Cyprus problem is resolvable. The Clin- leagues on both sides of the aisle for doing in protest of these violations? ton administration announced a new our common participation on what is Rhetoric after rhetoric after rhetoric, initiative to reunite Cyprus, and last basic American policy. We hope it will and nothing is being done. I am not week Ambassador Madeleine Albright reach fruition and implementation. just referring to the administration, and special envoy Dick Beattie arrived Mr. Speaker, this past weekend but I am referring to the Congress, in Cyprus to kick off what they have marked the 22d anniversary of the even though we have had a couple of termed as the big push, and that is ex- Turkish invasion of Cyprus. Once votes in the last couple of years par- actly what our Cyprus policy needs. again, this body marks an annual re- ticularly focusing on human rights vio- It is time to dispose of all of the ar- membrance of the suffering of the Cyp- lations which would be sending a mes- guments and excuses which have post- riot people and the division of Cyprus. sage to Turkey. poned progress on the Cyprus problem. Following a long investigation, the Turkey’s recent actions have caused There is never a perfect time, and cer- European Commission of Human me, as I am sure I speak for all mem- tainly this is a time to go ahead and Rights concluded that there were ‘‘very bers in this House, great concern. I am have a solution. strong indications’’ of killings ‘‘com- still particularly troubled about the Mr. Speaker, I empathize with this mitted on a substantial scale’’ by the claims Turkey made over Imia. It has issue because I believe, having visited Turkish Army during its invasion. Ac- been mentioned twice already tonight Cyprus nearly a year ago, when the tions by Turks and Turkish Cypriots two or three times. gentleman from Florida was there him- included wholesale and repeated rapes I have followed this dispute closely, self, having crossed the green line, a of women of all ages, systematic tor- and in fact recently returned from line that divides, artificially, northern ture, savage and humiliating treat- Greece, where I had the opportunity to Cyprus and the rest of it from the ment of hundreds of people, including visit not only my ancestral homeland, Greek side to the Turkish side, having children, women, pensioners, during Kalymnos, the island the ancestors of brought constituents of mine, the their detention by the Turkish forces, the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Zambas family from my district, who as well as looting and robbery on an ex- KLINK] also come from, but also this for the first time after all of these tensive scale by Turkish troops and disputed island of Imia. years got to return to what to them in Turkish Cypriots. I was accompanied by the gentleman essence is their homeland, their home- It is because of these atrocities that from Florida, Mr. PORTER GOSS, and land, to be able to see their roots, to be the world has held the Turkish occupa- the gentleman from Chicago, Illinois, able to go to what was their church, to tion of one-third of Cyprus in scorn and Mr. BOBBY RUSH. As we sailed through see their village, their neighborhoods. contempt. Turkey is the only country the Dodecanese Islands, a group of 12 The interesting part of that trip was in the world that recognizes the ‘‘Turk- islands down in that southern part of the tremendous resistance that we got ish Republic of Northern Cyprus.’’ The the Aegean, I wanted my colleagues to first of all in trying to cross, although government of Turkey must accept understand that Imia is Greek. Indeed, if you hear the Turkish authorities on that its actions in Cyprus are simply it has always been considered, and, as the other side, they claim that it is wrong, and its continued presence as the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. easy to go back and forth across the an occupying force is illegitimate. KLINK] said, as Greek by those living green line. It is not. As a Member of While Turkey may see the status quo nearby and by the international com- the United States Congress, with the as an acceptable alternative, the world, munity. United States Embassy in Cyprus be- and its American ally, does not see it Despite these recent tensions, I am hind us in an effort to get a few people as an acceptable alternative. Turkey’s confident that they will not hinder, I to cross to see what their homeland intransigence is a threat to the North am hopeful they will not hinder the ad- was, we were told it was going to be Atlantic Treaty Organization and to ministration’s push to resolve the Cy- easy, but it was very difficult. In addi- stability in the Mediterranean. prus issue. Cyprus is the only country tion to that we ended up with a whole We all hope that recent tensions in in Europe, the only country in Europe group of people with us as a security Cyprus, including the shooting of a with 37 percent of its land under the force well beyond our numbers. It made Greek Cypriot guardsman by Turkish occupation of an invading force. Re- it every step of the way. soldiers and rock-throwing by Turkish solving the division of Cyprus will not What was interesting was that when troops at other Greek Cypriots, is only only reunite Cypriots, but will also the Americans of Greek Cypriot de- a rough spot in the road to peace and a help lay the foundation for better rela- scent got together with the Turkish return to normal. These tragic deaths tions between Greece and Turkey. Cypriots, those who were native Turk- should bring everybody to their senses Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman ish Cypriots on the northern side, and on this matter. from New Jersey [Mr. MENENDEZ] who started communicating with each Recent diplomatic activity is encour- was also in Cyprus on my last trip other, they were fine. It was only those aging, and I hope that the administra- there. people, the Turkish authorities who tion will be successful in its efforts. (Mr. MENENDEZ asked and was were not originally Cypriots, who came But the United States must also be given permission to revise and extend from Turkey to settle in the area, that very clear, that it has never accepted, his remarks.) created difficulties and division be- it never will accept, a continuation of Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I want tween what is naturally two people, the Turkish occupation of part of Cy- to thank the gentleman for yielding, and left to those two people, Greek and prus. It violates the United Nations and also for his leadership in bringing Turkish Cypriots who believe in one charter, it violates the rule of law, it us together on the commemoration of Cyprus and an opportunity to co-exist violates international law, and it vio- what many of my colleagues have al- with each other, this problem could be lates human rights. ready stated is an incredible 32 years of resolved. July 23, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8239 In closing, Mr. Speaker, let me just woman from New York [Mrs. than end the suffering caused by this simply say that having seen that chem- MALONEY], who has just been a wonder- cruel and callous blockade. Tragically, istry between the people, having seen ful partner on all of the issues involv- it is the same intransigence that has this artificial division in person, hav- ing Greece and Cyprus. marked Turkey’s attitude on the Cy- ing seen the beauty of the country and Mrs. MALONEY. Mr. Speaker, once prus issue. its enormous possibilities and its im- again as I have every year that I have Let us not forget the facts: 22 years portance to the United States in terms been a Member of Congress, it is my ago, Turkey brutally invaded Cyprus. of security in that part of the world, distinct honor and great privilege to 200,000 Greek Cypriots were expelled and its importance to others of our al- stand with the gentleman from Florida from their homes, their property was lies in terms of their security in that and commemorate the tragic invasion confiscated. Worst of all, 1,614 Cypriots part of the world, and the opportunity and occupation of Cyprus. I am sure and 5 American citizens were seized by that Cyprus has geographically in Mr. BILIRAKIS will agree with me when Turkish troops and remain missing to being a gateway to the West from that I state that a lot has transpired in the this day. part of the world, the United States year since we stood in this well to dis- Mr. Speaker, it has become some- must put its full diplomatic effort and cuss the fate of this beautiful island. what of a cliche to refer to these so- every tool of peaceful diplomacy it has First, I am pleased of the success called missing, but to me this phrase has a distinctly human face. I have met at work to come to a solution. that the gentleman and I had in the That includes having our military, formation of the Congressional Caucus many, many times with constituents of mine in the Astoria neighborhoods which is intricately involved with the on Hellenic Issues. This has become a whose family members are still among Turkish military, to have an enormous large and active organization. We now the missing. I have seen the great pain say, even though it is a democratic have 50 Members from both parties on the faces of the families of Chris government, but it has a tremendous from all regions of the country and Loizoi, Andrew Kassapis, and George influence in that government, to come from all political ideologies. Demo- Anastasiou. I resolved never to give up to a solution on the Cyprus question. It crats, Republicans, liberals, and con- my quest to see that the fates of their can be done. The people of Cyprus, servatives have all joined together to family members are accounted for. Greek and Turkish alike, want a solu- pursue our common objectives of jus- Human decency demands that we use tion, and the fact of the matter is the tice, human rights and stronger ties between the United States and its all the means at our disposal, including United States has the wherewithal, I special orders like this one in this believe, in this matter to be an honest strong democratic allies, Cyprus and Greece. The Hellenic Caucus has orga- great Hall of democracy, to hold Tur- and efficient participant in bringing key accountable for all of the missing. nized important and informative meet- peace with justice in Cyprus. The simple cause of justice demands ings with Greek President I close by reading a brief poem that that Turkey pull back from the third Stephanopoulos and Ambassador was written by Cypriot Nese Yasin, of Cyprus that it now illegally occupies Tsilas, with Cypriot President Clerides, which I feel probably best characterizes with 35,000 troops who are armed to the as well as a touching and very special the sentiments of the Cypriot people. teeth. It says ‘‘My father says love your meeting with this Eminence Arch- Mr. Speaker, last week President country. My country is divided into bishop Iakavos, who retired this year Clinton dispatched our able U.N. Am- two. Which part should I love?’’ after 37 years of service to the commu- bassador Madeleine Albright to Cyprus, nity. b 2300 Greece, and Turkey to restart talks on In addition, the Hellenic Caucus Hopefully a year from now that ques- resolving the dispute. I wish my friend members have strongly urged Presi- the Ambassador the best of luck in this tion will no longer need to be posed, dent Clinton to forcefully condemn Mr. Chairman, and I thank you for the extremely important mission, and I hostile Turkish actions regarding the look forward to hearing her report and opportunity to participate with you in Greek Islands of Imia and Gavdos and that of the Special Envoy Richard this historic moment. other aggressive actions in the eastern Beatty—22 years of brutality, human Mr. BILIRAKIS. I certainly agree Mediterranean. Many members of the rights buses and illegal occupation is with the gentleman. His points are Hellenic Caucus wrote to the Turkish far, far too long. very well taken and you are right, we foreign minister in protest of his coun- I commend my colleagues who are have the power, we have the where- try’s attacks on the human rights speaking this evening for taking the withal to do what needs to be done foundation of Turkey which treats vic- time to go on the record in opposition there. It is so very frustrating that we tims of torture. to war and suffering and in favor of are not really trying. There is an awful Mr. BILIRAKIS and I joined with Sen- peace and justice. All of us owe it to lot of rhetoric, an awful lot of words to ator SARBANES in a successful effort to those who have endured a terrible fate the effect that we will try, we are stop the proposed sale of 12 deadly on this beautiful island to speak up and going to continue to try. We can do it Super Cobra helicopters to Turkey. speak out. Tonight we say to the peo- if we really want to. All we have to do Several of us have kept up the pressure ple of Cyprus and the families of the is put our mind to it and basically roll on Turkey to stop its persecution of missing we will never forget you. We up our sleeves and put our energy be- Christians and Kurds. Hellenic Caucus will always continue working for peace hind our words. members are well represented on the and justice on Cyprus. Mr. MENENDEZ. We are committed list of cosponsors of House Concurrent I want to conclude by thanking my to working with the gentleman to Resolution 42, which passed the House. dear friend Congressman BILIRAKIS for make sure that happens. This bill puts the United States on his extreme effort on the Cyprus issue Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, the record in support of the demilitariza- and on all Greek causes. He not only green line that the gentleman just re- tion of Cyprus and highlights Congress’ supports it with his rhetoric, with his fers to divides northern and southern continuing interest in achieving a solu- legislation, with his heart, but also Cyprus. It not only divides a nation but tion to the Cypriot situation. with his physical time. He is the only it divides a people. I might add since This brings me to perhaps the great- Member of Congress that has initiated the Berlin Wall went down, it is the est victory for those of us who support a voyage to the island if Imia, who has only wall left in the entire world that Cypriot and Greek causes. On June 5, gone into the enclaves on Cyprus and divides a people, and we sit back and by a resounding vote of 303 to 115, the has attended almost every CECA con- talk about it, do not do anything about House passed the Visclosky amend- ference in Cyprus. I thank you for your it. The invasion and subsequent illegal ment, which would end United States strong, strong commitment to these is- occupation of Cyprus by Turkey left economic aid to Turkey unless it ends sues, your hard work and for organiz- thousands, thousands without a home, its inhumane blockade of Armenia. ing this special order tonight. My con- and because it is late the gentlewoman Mr. Speaker, we all know what Tur- stituents thank you. The families of wants to get home, I know where I key’s response was to this House ac- the missing thank you. would like to go in a few minutes, I tion. Turkey announced that it would Mr. BILIRAKIS. Well, I thank the will yield at this point to the gentle- rather forgo our generous assistance gentlewoman. She has just been great H8240 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE July 23, 1996 to work with, and I am just proud thought that they were Greek Cypriots and settlers went to my school and again to be a cochair of the Hellenic rather than Turkish Cypriots because with wood cutting machines cut the Caucus with the gentlewoman. they spoke Greek so very well. trees and with excavators destroyed all Mr. Speaker, while chairing hearings The point was made, I think, by the the area.’’ She sent me photographs of of the Congressional Human Rights gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. the area as it was destroyed. ‘‘Their Caucus in 1992, I had the opportunity to MENENDEZ], the fact that these people target was to demolish the school and hear first-hand the heart-wrenching got along over the years and it was force me to leave my occupied village, stories of people who had relatives ab- these outside forces that basically split thus, closing down the school forever. ducted during and after the illegal everything up. But we visited this cof- They claim that the property of the Turkish invasion. Throughout these fee house there, we sat down and had Greek school belongs to them after the hearings, a common theme emerged: coffee with the people and heard their invasion and, therefore, they can do The families want concrete answers re- problems. whatever they want. In addition, they garding the fates of their loved ones. We visited a monastery, we call it provocatively tell me that they will Mr. Denktash, the Turkish Cypriot Apostle Andrew, which is Apostle An- turn the school into a field for them to leader, made a recent statement re- drew. It was a monastery that was the play soccer. This is their respect for ferred to by the gentleman from Penn- subject of pilgrimages by families over education. The photographs I am send- sylvania [Mr. KLINK] on a Greek Cyp- the years. The monastery had been ing to you are speaking for themselves. riot television station that the missing closed for better than 20 years, had not Unfortunately, I do not have the in Cyprus were turned over to the been opened, and to the credit of the strength and the courage to describe Turkish militia and killed. While people in charge, they opened it for us. all that is happening. shocked by this statement I question We visited, we went into the mon- ‘‘After your visit here,’’ she is refer- it, given the fact that there is much astery, we lit candles, we drank of the ring to our visit there,’’ the con- evidence to the contrary. We must holy water, and we also captured some querors, declared that they would im- know conclusively what happened to of the holy water that came from the prove our living conditions. However, the five Americans and the 1,614 Greek base of the monastery. The story goes the situation is becoming worse and Cypriots that have been missing since that the Apostle Andrew struck his worse. Moreover, myself and many 1974. staff against the rocks on the side of other enslaved Greeks are being threat- I have sent a letter to President Clin- the mountain and water came out just ened, blackmailed and humiliated. Re- ton urging him to do everything pos- as fresh and as cool and as beautiful as cently, for instance, some people that sible to determine once and for all the could be. are not even ‘policemen’, visited us and fate of the missing in Cyprus. We visited a schoolteacher by the asked to take pictures of us, saying In addition to the missing, as the name of Eleni Foka, we call her Kitty that they were going to issue us their gentlewoman from New York [Mrs. Eleni. That means Miss Helen Foka, F- so-called ‘‘State’s’’ photo IDs. They MALONEY] just mentioned, I also have O-K-A, a lady who is very vocal, a lady want us to denounce our ethnicity and serious concerns about the enclaved who is, based on what Mr. Denktash our identity as enslaved Greeks to be- people in Cyprus. I am pleased to have told me personally, is a thorn in the come Turkish citizens. cosponsored H.R. 2223, the Freedom and side. She still teaches school, I might ‘‘For all of the above, we call you, Human Rights for the Enclaved People add there. We asked her, ‘‘Well, since our free brothers and Greeks all over of Cyprus Act. you live under these types of condi- the world, to help us. Our brothers, we I would advise my colleagues that tions, why do not you just get up and ought not to waste precious time; 23 the enclaved are a group of people in a leave? Why do not you just go over the years of slavery are too long; we are certain part of Cyprus who have re- line into the Greek Cypriot side where begging you to find ways to save our fused to leave their homes. Those who there is freedom at least?’’ She very country. Today is Cyprus, tomorrow is have left their homes over the years tearfully and very emotionally said to the Aegean sea, later will be Thrace; have lost all of their property. These us, ‘‘This is my paradise. Why should I please do not delay, you can help us. people just do not want to leave their leave it?’’ That I think says it all. homes and, consequently, they have ‘‘We wish the best for you and for ‘‘This is my paradise, why should I ourselves. We wish only freedom. stayed there and we call them leave it?’’ ‘‘enclaved’’ because that is exactly I would add that just this week I re- ‘‘With my best regards, your enslaved what they are. This legislation will im- ceived a letter from this lady that I sister, Eleni Foka.’’ plement efforts to eliminate restric- have had interpreted. My Greek is not And she goes on with a note, ‘‘Please tions on the enclaved people of Cyprus. good enough to be able to do too well accept this small gift that was made by Besides cosponsoring the bill, I also with it, so I was able to have it inter- an enslaved sister in an enslaved Agia am very proud to say one of the finest preted. It is addressed to me and I Triada Karpasias. It is made on a black experiences of my life, I visited this would like to read this. background, symbolizing our black area last August accompanied by the ‘‘First I would like to thank you for slavery, using silk which symbolizes gentleman from Ohio, MARTIN HOKE. your great interest and love and also the strength of our endurance. Please We visited the area. We saw and heard thank you for your visit to our to not be late. Unfortunately, as you firsthand the life experiences of these enslaved village, where you saw with realized yourself during your visit, we people. We were accompanied by a cou- your own eyes our living conditions. are facing a deadline.’’ ple of top leaders from the Turkish side You witnessed a very cruel reality, Mr. Speaker, although the rights of who were delegated by Mr. Denktash to that we are living under ‘medieval’ those enclaved are intended to be pro- accompany us. Both of these people conditions that nowhere in the civ- tected by the 1975 Third Vienna Agree- were born, as I understand it, as I re- ilized world can be found. We are de- ment which States that the Greek Cyp- member it, but in any case raised in a nied the right to religion, education, riots, and I quote, that the Greek Cyp- part of southern Cyprus, the nonoccu- movement, correspondence and so riots present in the north are free to pied part of Cyprus called Paphos. much more; in a few words, our human stay and they will be given every help They speak Greek fluently. I might add rights are flagrantly violated. to lead a normal life, end quotes, a re- that they visited these coffee houses The barbarian Turkish invaders ap- cent United Nations report paints a far with us. They spoke Greek so very flu- pear to fear no one, because none of the different picture of their fate. ently that when the people, in the powerful people in the world,’’ and I According to the report, the life of process of communicating with us re- think we know who she is referring to the Greek Cypriots is anything but garding all of their problems and shar- when she says that, ‘‘and no inter- normal. In fact, according to the re- ing with us all their problems and the national organization compels them to port, quote from that full report, enslaved nature of them all, they also respect international law and order, ‘‘Much of the time they live in trepi- communicated the same thing to them human rights and freedom. dation and even fear, due to the con- because they thought that they were ‘‘On June 3, while we are absent from stant Turkish Cypriot police presence also Americans, or at least they the school, Turkish occupation soldiers in their lives.’’ July 23, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8241 b 2318 Like those faithful Cypriots in my we are prepared to return 150 more times, or I would tell my colleagues that the district, in Clearwater and Tarpon as many times as it takes to secure a just res- focal theme of all the remarks that we Springs, FL, and my entire district of olution for the Cypriot people. It is a message received from those people at the cof- the Tampa Bay area and elsewhere, we the Turks have always found hard to swallow. feehouse and throughout that entire must stand up for the values so impor- The Turkish Government has found this area was fear. They lived constantly in tant to us. message hard to digest because agreeing to fear. We must continue to press for a just a just settlement on Cyprus is a solution root- Mr. Speaker, the time has come to resolution to this long-standing dis- ed in the larger acceptance of international reunite Cypriots who have been sepa- pute. Every year since first coming to lawÐa principle which the Turks openly, and rated from their brothers and sisters Congress, I and so many others hostily, rebuke. Indeed, since we gathered by an arbitrary boundary for so long. haveworked hard to give Cyprus the at- here last year to mark this occasion, the Turks Surely it is in Turkey’s best interest, tention it deserves, and this year will nearly introduced yet more armed conflict into surely it has to be in their best interest be no exception. an already unstable area with their unfounded to resolve this conflict as expeditiously Mr. Speaker, before I close I would claim to the Creek islet Imia in the Agean Sea. as possible. Turkey’s actions are keep- like to particularly thank and express This extremely volatile claim has, in fact, ele- ing it from becoming an accepted part my apologies, I guess, to the reporters, vated Turkey's disregard for international law of the European Community. Mean- to the members of the staff, to you, to a new level. As Greece's foreign minister, while, Cyprus is moving forward with and to so many others who we have Theodore Pangalos stated ``this is the first its aspirations for membership in the kept here late tonight, but this is a time that Turkey has actually laid claim to European Community. very important cause and I think you Creek territory.'' Though violence was averted As Cyprus takes steps to improve it- all understand that. through the personal intervention of President self, so, too, must we. We must do our Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I want to thank Clinton in the matter, Turkey remains opposed utmost. We have to do our utmost to my colleagues, Mr. BILIRAKIS and Mrs. to Greece's offer to submit the dispute by itself end the division of Cyprus. The admin- MALONEY, the co-chairs of the Congressional to the International Court at The Hague for a istration’s push to settle the Cyprus Caucus on Hellenic issues, for their tireless ef- peaceful, legal resolution. issue was slated to begin after the May forts on behalf of the Greek-American commu- It is precisely this type of intransigenceÐig- 26 parliamentary elections in Cyprus, nity and for putting together this special order noring opportunities to resolve disputes in and I am hopeful those efforts will to mark the 22d anniversary of Turkey's illegal peaceful mannersÐthat has now stretched the complement our own in the House. invasion and occupation of Cyprus. Restoring Cyprus problem into its 22d year. Just last As we in Congress focus on settling independence and freedom to the island na- year Cyprus' President extended an olive this issue, I am reminded of what Alex- tion of Cyprus is, in my opinion, one of the branch to the Turks and suggested that Cy- is Galanos, president of the Cyprus most important foreign policy challenges the prus be demilitarized as part of an effort to House of Representatives, has stressed, United States continues to face and I am sad- create a peaceful environment under which and I quote him: dened that yet another year has gone by with- negotiations for a comprehensive solution to Any initiative that is not focused on the out much progress. the dispute could be conducted. The House of respect of Cyprus’ sovereignty, on respect for I am, however, as equally determined to Representatives strongly endorsed the idea the rule of law, on basic freedoms and on the keep Congress actively involved in this issue last year, passing House Concurrent Resolu- termination of any foreign intervention, in- until a just settlement for the Cypriot people is tion 42, echoing the Cypriot President's call to cluding the termination of the policy of ille- reached. Accordingly, I would like to commend demilitarize the island. The Turks have so far gal settlers in Cyprus is bound to fail. the American delegation dispatched by the ad- rejected the idea. As many of my colleagues may know, ministration to Greece, Cyprus, and Turkey In response, many of us in the House joined the gentlewoman from New York [Mrs. last week for their dedication. Headed by our forces to send Turkey a strong message. As MALONEY] and I recently formed—she Permanent Ambassador to the United Nations was the case during consideration of the fiscal referred to it proudly, as I am proud of Madeleine Albright and the President's Special year 1996 budget, we were successful again it too—formed a Hellenic Caucus to Emissary for Cyprus Richard Beattie, as well this year in passing amendments to the fiscal foster and improve relations between as other high level State Department officials year 1997 foreign appropriations bill that cuts the United States and our important working on the Cyprus problem, the delegation aid to Turkey in response to its continued ille- ally, Greece. A principal purpose of the is once again offering American assistance in gal occupation of Cyprus, its inhumane block- caucus is to educate more Members of breaking the now 22-year-old stalemate and ade of Armenia, its campaign of oppression Congress about the need to resolve the bringing peace to the region. against its own Kurdish population and its long-standing dispute on Cyprus. The history of this issue is well known to all general disregard of human rights. I am pleased to announce, and I of us. On July 20, 1974, 6,000 Turkish troops As these measures indicate, we are stead- think she has already done so, that the invaded Cyprus, stealing its independence fastly committed to once again seeing a free caucus already has over 40 Members. I after a campaign of pillaging, terror, and mur- an independent Cyprus. We will continue to know there are many others out there der. ensure Congress plays an active role in pres- who would like to join. I guess they Over the next 22 years, the Turkish Govern- suring Turkey to abide by all relevant U.N. need an invitation. We have sent out ment fortified its illegal occupation force, defi- resolutions and insist that any solution to the the ‘‘Dear Colleagues’’ and some of antly ignoring the calls from the international Cyprus problem must be based on the estab- these things sometimes fall in the communityÐincluding multiple U.N. resolu- lishment of a single sovereign state with a sin- cracks, but we have held meetings with tionsÐto allow the Cypriot people to live a gle citizenship. His Eminence, Greek Ambassador free and sovereign life. Today 1,619 people, Mr. Speaker, over the last 2 years the Unit- Tsilas, Greek Speaker Kaklamanis, and including 5 American citizens, remain missing ed States has used its influence to help further Hellenic President Stephanopoulos. as a result of the invasion, and the Turkish oc- the causes of peace and freedom in some of This important caucus gives Hellenic cupying force stands at some 35,000 troops. A the world's most intractable, bitter disputes, and Cypriot causes additional clout so barbed wire fence, moreover, divides the is- such as in the Middle East, Bosnia, and North- that, along with grassroots efforts, we land in two, prohibiting thousands of Greek ern Ireland. Let us hope that in the coming can better succeed in our constant ef- Cypriots the freedom to live on and travel to year our work will allow us to add Cyprus to fort to achieve justice for Cyprus. As some 37 percent of their own country. that list so that when we gather next, it will be co-chair, I look forward to working Mr. Speaker, during the 22 years the Turk- to celebrate the island's liberation instead of to with my colleagues to ensure that jus- ish Government has been fortifying its illegal mark yet another year of division. tice for Cyprus is achieved. occupation force and thumbing its nose at the Mr. VISCLOSKY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today We have a responsibility, Mr. Speak- international community, the United States has to mark the 22d anniversary of Turkey's inva- er, to use our influence to see Cyprus reviewed the Cyprus problem at least 150 sion, and subsequent occupation, of Cyprus. made whole again, to rescue the thou- times. And while we all hope, as we do each Having gained its independence from Great sands of Greek Cypriots who have be- time the United States intensifies its focus on Britain in 1960, Cyprus enjoyed a proud, albeit come refugees in the land of their the Cyprus issue, that the current delegation's short, period of political independence. On birth. Unbelievable, refugees in the effort will lead to a breakthrough, we must July 20, 1974, this independence was shat- land of their birth. convey to the Turks in no uncertain terms that tered when 6,000 Turkish troops and 40 tanks H8242 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE July 23, 1996 invaded the north coast of Cyprus and pro- Today, there are 35,000 Turkish troops on The reasoning behind Turkey's actions echo ceeded to occupy nearly 40 percent of the is- the island of Cyprus who occupy one-third of those used by the fathers of genocide in the land. the island. Since their invasion 20 years ago, past. The ensuing fighting killed thousands of those troops have patrolled the Green Line, a And the situation warrants the attention we Cypriots and forced hundreds of thousands barbed wire fence that cuts across Cyprus, have always provided our closest allies. from their homes. Today, there are 1,619 peo- separating thousands of Greek Cypriots from The famous philosophers of Greece pro- ple still missing, 5 of whom are United States the towns and communities in which their fam- vided our democratic nation with the ideas citizens. ilies have lived for generations. upon which it now stands, I hope we can re- Twenty-two years after the invasion, 35,000 Mr. Speaker, ending the military occupation turn the gift in restoring those ideals to where Turkish troops continue to occupy Cyprus in of Cyprus is among the greatest challenges they most belong. violation of international law. A barbed wire the international community faces today. But I join my colleagues in calling for peace and fence cuts across the island, separating fami- we must have the cooperation of Turkey to a prompt resolution of the current situation. lies from their property and splitting this once make progress and bring unity and freedom to Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise this beautiful country in half. Cypriots on the island. evening to pay tribute to a dubious anniver- Despite efforts by the United States and the For it was on July 20, 1974, that Turkish sary. As we sit here, after 22 years of Turkish United Nations to bring about an acceptable troops invaded the island of Cyprus and occupation of Cyprus, it is especially appro- resolution to this situation, Turkey continues to began a military occupation. Thousands of priate to recognize the struggle for the free- stonewall negotiations. It has continuously re- people were killed, more than 200,000 people dom of all Cypriots that has been waged for fused to either return or pay restitution for any were expelled from their homes, and today, more than two decades. It was over two decades ago that 6,000 of the land that is captured, and sporadic fight- more than 1,600 remain missingÐincluding 5 Turkish troops and 40 tanks landed on the ing on the island continues to this day. Americans. north coast of Cyprus, and more than 200,000 The occupation of Cyprus is one of the rea- The Turkish Government must know that Cypriots were driven from their homes and sons that I offered an amendment to the fiscal the division and occupation of Cyprus will con- forced to live under foreign occupation. Over year 1997 Foreign Operations appropriations tinue to be an obstacle to better relations with two decades ago, and still Turkey has more bill to cut $25 million in United States eco- the United States. than 35,000 troops on the island. Over two nomic aid to Turkey. This amendment, which Until Turkey begins to remove its troops decades ago, and we still don't know what be- the House overwhelmingly approved by a vote from Cyprus, we have no business sending came of the 1,614 Greek Cypriot and 5 Amer- of 301 to 118, sends a clear message to Tur- aid to Turkey. That is why I strongly supported ican citizens missing since the Turkish inva- key that its illegal and immoral occupation of the limitation on aid to Turkey in the foreign Cyprus will not be tolerated by this country. sion. operations appropriations bill passed last Mr. Speaker, I am proud to join with my col- That is why I'm pleased that we have this month. leagues in standing up against Turkish tyranny opportunity today. Today we remember what Mr. Speaker, there are encouraging devel- in Cyprus. I would especially like to extend my happened in Cyprus 22 years ago and we opments to report. Our Ambassador to the thanks to the gentleman from Florida, Mr. BILI- pledge to fight to end the occupation. We United Nations, Madeleine Albright, traveled RAKIS, for his tireless work to ensure that the must continue to fight against injustice in Cy- people of Cyprus are not forgotten. Twenty- last week to Greece, Turkey, and Cyprus to prus. We must continue to provide aid to Cy- two years is a long time to wait, but it is my begin talks aimed at demilitarizing and reunit- prus to help that country deal with the terrible sincerest hope that our actions will help per- ing the island. Joining her was President Clin- problems caused by more than two decades suade Turkey to end its unlawful occupation of ton's special envoy for Cyprus, Richard of Turkish occupation. And, above all, we Cyprus and return the island to its rightful Beattie. must continue to keep the plight of the Cyp- owners. Ambassador Albright secured a commitment riots on the minds of everyone around the Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts, Mr. from the parties to begin a dialog on reducing world. Speaker, July 20, 1996 marked the 22d year the military forces along the Green Line. Talks Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Speaker, I would like to of Turkey's illegal invasion and continued oc- between the military commanders of the Cyp- thank the distinguished gentlemen from Flor- cupation of the Island of Cyprus. On July 20, riot national guard and the Turkish forces oc- ida, Mr. BILIRAKIS, for organizing this special 1974, 6,000 Turkish troops attacked the is- cupying northern Cyprus would be the first order in commemoration of a very sad day in land, destroying nearly five centuries of peace- ever held. history. I refer to the anniversary of the 22- ful coexistence between Turkish and Greek We should all wish them well as this initia- year occupation of the island of Cyprus by Cypriots. tive by the United States may represent our Turkey. As a result, almost 40 percent of the island best opportunity to resolve this difficult and ag- In 1974, Turkey shocked the world and in- came under Turkish ruleÐeven though Turk- onizing problem. Let us hope and pray that vaded Cyprus. As a result of this invasion, ish Cypriots make up less than 20 percent of this anniversary will be the final time we join 200,000 Cypriots have been made refugees the total population of that island. And the together with Cyprus as an occupied island. and over 1,619 people, including 5 Americans, Turks employed deliberately cruel and harsh Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island. Mr. Speak- were missing without explanation until just re- measures to intimidate the Greek Cypriots. er, I would like first to thank my colleagues cently. In March, Turkish-Cypriot leader Rauf There are reports of extensive killings, rape of from Florida and New York for their continued Danktash admitted in a televised interview that women of all ages, torture, looting, and rob- diligence in recognizing the illegal invasion those missing since the invasion were slaugh- beries. and occupation of the Island of Cyprus. tered. Despite countless efforts by the Greek com- Their work in founding the Congressional After 22 years and numerous attempts to re- munities and the United Nations to settle this Caucus on Hellenci Issues and commitment to solve the matter by the United Nations, the dispute, a solution has not been found. Turkey initiating this special order provide an essential United States, and other countries, 37 percent is the only nation that recognizes the Turkish forum in speaking out against the atrocious of the island is still illegally occupied by claim to the islandÐyet the Greeks are still crimes Cyprus has endured under the hands 35,000 Turkish troops and over 80,000 trans- held victims of the Turkish invasion. The cur- of Turkey, while honoring our close relation- planted ``colonists'' from TurkeyÐalmost out- rent situation is one of gridlock. ship with the nation of Greece and commit- numbering the original Turkish Cypriots. This situation cannot be allowed to continue. ment to our constituents of Hellenic descent. During this time, the Turkish Cypriots have We must have peace on the Island of Cyprus. In beginning their struggle for freedom from engaged in an effort to cleanse the cultural And peace requires that foreign troops with- the Ottoman Empire in March 1821, the nation heritage of the occupied territory. The names draw from their occupation of Cyprus. of Greece embarked on a fragile struggle to of villages and towns have been given Turkish Cyprus has been a divided country since embody democratic ideals of their most fa- names and Greek churches have been looted, 1974Ð22 years too long. I urge all of my col- mous philosopher, Plato envisioned. desecrated, or converted to mosques or, in leagues to focus their attention on finding a The Turkish invasion of Cyprus over two some instances, stables. In addition, the two just and lasting solution for the Island of Cy- decades ago marks the return to an occupied portions of the country are divided by barbed prus. state, a situation unprecedented since the wire fence known as the ``Green Line.'' Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, we should all be 19th century and clearly unacceptable in the For years, negotiations to end the stalemate thankful for our distinguished colleagues, Mr. 20th. and resolve the issues between the two coun- BILIRAKIS and Mrs. MALONEY, cochairs of the We can no longer remain silent on this tries have been stonewalled by the Turkish- Hellenic Issues Caucus, for organizing this ob- issue. We must not ignore the injustice occur- Cypriot leadership who refuse to negotiate in servance of a sad and frustrating anniversary. ring in Cyprus. good faith. July 23, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8243 This fact has only been compounded by the lation, living within the Turkish occupied zone, Mr. Speaker, last year, when marking this steady escalation of aggression by Turkey live without many of the rights and privileges solemn anniversary, many of us felt hopeful against Greece and Cyprus over the past implicit within a democratic society, and will that this conflict would soon be resolved year. During this time, Turkey has initiated a continue to do so until Turkey's military pres- peacefully through the auspices of the United number of very serious provocations including ence is no more. Nations. Unfortunately, the northern portion of the January attempt to annex Imia, an island I commend Mr. BILIRAKIS in holding this very Cyprus is still illegally occupied by 35,000 in the Aegean which is internationally recog- important Special Order, and I ask my col- Turkish troops. leagues to join me in remembering the Turkish nized as Greek territory. In addition, overflights In December of 1993, in an effort to facili- invasion of Cyprus as well as continue to sup- of Greek territories by Turkish combat aircraft tate a peaceful resolution, President Clerides port efforts being made to end this wrongful has escalated from an average of 21 per year submitted to the United Nations a thoughtful occupation, so that we may one day com- from 1988±1992, to an incredibly provocative and innovative proposal calling for the demili- memorate the restoration of Cyprus to a 852 per year. tarization of Cyprus. In exchange for the with- On Cyprus last month, Turkish soldiers shot peaceful, harmonious and united nation. drawal of Turkish troops, Cyprus would dis- an unarmed Greek teenager and then pre- Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today band its national guard; transfer the national vented U.N. peacekeepers from rescuing the to draw this country's attention to Turkey's guard's military equipment to the United Na- boy by firing upon them. continued occupation of Cyprus. This gross tions peacekeeping force; and the money Finally, in a direct violation of agreements violation of human rights is now in its twenty- saved from defense spending for development between the United States and Turkey on the second year, and gives no indication of abat- projects that would benefit both communities. use of American made and leased equipment, ing in the near future. It is for this reason that Demilitarization would alleviate the security the Turkish Government has begun using I speak today, in an effort to heighten the concerns of all parties and substantially en- U.S.-made military equipment in their cam- international community's awareness of the hance the prospects for peaceful resolution of paign of intimidation. In January of this year, situation and bring some relief to the people of the problem. Once again the Turkish side re- Turkish Armed Forces landed nearly 100 Cyprus. jected Cyprus' efforts toward ending the tragic American-made tanks on occupied Cyprus. July 20, 1974 is a day that will forever be The United States cannot continue to let this embedded in the hearts of the Cyprus people. unacceptable status quo. egregious behavior to go on without a strong Since then, Cyprus has been divided nearly in I am proud to join my colleagues as a co- response. half as Turkish troops maintain control of al- sponsor of H. Con. Res. 42, which calls for I am pleased by the President's decision to most forty percent of the island. Families have the demilitarization of Cyprus. In addition, I am send special envoy, Richard Beattie to Cyprus been torn apart and loved ones separated a cosponsor of H.R. 2223, the Freedom of to help bring an end to the island's partition. from one another by the brutal line which Human Rights for the enclaved people of Cy- This the first attempt in nearly 5 years under- rends the country in two. prus Act. This legislation would establish and taken by the United States to mediate the dis- A list of some of the more blatant abuses implement efforts to eliminate restrictions on pute. It is my hope this endeavor will be more comes easily to mind. The occupying forces the enclaved people of Cyprus. I urge my col- fruitful than the last and finally bring an end to have evicted people from their homes and leagues to join me as a cosponsor of these this terrible incident. confiscated Cypriot property in order to give it very important pieces of legislation. In the meantime, the United States needs to to Turkish citizens. Citizens who disappeared The United States Government has always take a firm stand against these provocations during the occupation have yet to be ac- supported a just and lasting solution to the Cy- and urge the Turkish Government to cease its counted for. These and other offenses have prus problem. It is important for the Congress acts of aggression against its neighbor and to been directed against a population which has to continue to firmly support the people of Cy- agree to resolve the issue of Cyprus. If the sit- no recourse for justice except to gain the sym- prus by pressing Turkey to end its illegal occu- uation is not dissolved soon, we stand the pathetic ears of states like ours. pation and to work constructively for a resolu- very real chance of an even larger conflict in Rather than heed, or even acknowledge, the tion in accordance with the relevant U.N. Res- south central Europe and the possibility of it international community's requests to resolve olutions and agreements between the two rekindling the flames of war throughout the the situation in Cyprus, Turkey has chosen to sides. In addition, after the meeting with Presi- Balkans. flagrantly ignore calls for moderation. Suppres- dent Clerides of Cyprus on June 17 of this Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today sion of Cyprus' cultural heritage has become year, President Clinton promised to send his to commemorate the 22nd Anniversary of Tur- the order of the day as the Turkish govern- emissary, Richard Beattie to discuss issues in- key's illegal occupation of the island of Cyprus ment seeks to change the face of the Cypriot volved in a comprehensive settlement, with on July 20, 1974. The Turkish military invasion population. Villages and towns in the occupied special emphasis on security. I hope this resulted in an involuntary division of this once area of the island now bear Turkish names. planned discussion will bring closer a resolu- harmonious Mediterranean state. Greek resi- Churches that have not been looted or de- tion to the issue of Turkish occupation in Cy- dents in northern Cyprus have since suffered stroyed have been converted into mosques or prus. innumerable restrictions on freedom and stables. human rights at the hands of their Turkish in- Little respect has been shown by the Turk- A just and lasting solution to the problem vaders and more than 35,000 Turkish troops ish government toward the Cypriot community, will benefit both communities on Cyprus, sta- continue to occupy the northern portion. a situation that any concerned individual bilize the often tenuous relationship between The effects of this invasion has included the should find unconscionable. It is time for the Greece and Turkey, as well as constitute a deaths of more than 6,000 Greek-Cypriots, the international community to band together in significant step toward peace in the unstable displacement of over 200,000 refugees from condemnation of the Turkish Government's eastern Mediterranean region. towns and communities once occupied by policy. The people of Cyprus look to us to It is my hope that this will be the last year their ancestors, and the capture of thousands make it be known to Turkey that this behavior Members must join to discuss the longstand- more. Sadly, 1619 people, including five shall not pass unnoticed nor unsanctioned. ing problems of the people of Cyprus and that Americans, are still missing today. Mr. MANTON. Mr. Speaker, this Saturday, next year we may join to celebrate the end of The current situation in Cyprus is of great July 20, will mark the twenty-second anniver- this conflict. Until that happens, the Turkish importance to the United States and specifi- sary of Turkey's illegal invasion of Cyprus. I government must know we in the United cally the Greek-American community. Mem- rise today to join my colleagues and thank Mr. States will continue to recognize this anniver- bers of Congress have finally begun taking BILIRAKIS for organizing this important special sary by speaking out for the rights of the miss- steps to ensure that this illegal and inhumane order to commemorate this anniversary. ing. state of affairs is resolved peacefully. The The division of Cyprus has the distinction of Clinton Administration has also turned its at- being one of the most intractable in the world Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I would first tention to Cyprus, demonstrating with Con- today. Since Turkey first invaded Cyprus in like to commend the distinguished gentleman gress a joint commitment to demilitarizing this 1974, 1,619 people, including five Americans, from Florida for organizing this special order divided island. last seen alive in the occupied areas of on Cyprus. MIKE BILIRAKIS has truly been a Today, we not only commemorate the anni- Cyprus have never been accounted for. We tireless champion for the peaceful resolution of versary of this invasion, but remind America must not let the passage of years weaken our the Cypriot problem. that the injustices created by Turkey's military resolve to pressure the Turkish government to Mr. Speaker, I join my colleagues tonight in aggression are as pervasive today as they provide answers for the families of the miss- observing the 22d anniversary of Turkey's ille- were 22 years ago. The enclaved Greek popu- ing. We cannot forget their suffering continues. gal invasion and continued occupation of the H8244 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE July 23, 1996 island of cyprus. On July 20, 1974, Turkey un- is in our power to achieve the restoration of a In my years in Congress, I have long sup- leashed its army on the Cypriot people. Tur- united Cyprus, free from foreign military con- ported an end to Turkey's violent occupation key's violent and bloody invasion of this Medi- trol of one-third of its territory. of Cyprus. In this Congress, I cosponsored a terranean island state has been rightfully con- For 22 years now, the people of the Repub- House resolution calling for an end to Turkey's demned by the United Nations and all peace lic of Cyprus have lived with a foreign army in occupation of Cyprus and for the demilitariza- loving nations of the world. their country in violation of all international tion of the island. I am pleased that this reso- This anniversary should weigh heavily on norms. lution was passed by the House last Septem- the conscience of all civilized people of the Two hundred thousand Greek Cypriots were ber. world who share in the belief that states must forced from their homes in the northern third There can be no peaceful democratic settle- eschew the destructive path of naked aggres- of the island by the invading army. The invad- ment of the Cyprus question as long as Turk- sion and abide by the rules of international ers engaged in massive violations of the ish troops continue their occupation. More- law. It is time for the world to tell Turkey that human rights of the Cypriot people, including over, the relationship between our NATO al- the status quo in Cyprus is unacceptable. murder, rape, and looting, according to the lies, Turkey and Greece, will not improve sig- Mr. Speaker, the status quo must be bro- European Human Rights Commission report in nificantly as long as the Cyprus dispute contin- ken. The paralysis in U.N. sponsored negotia- 1976. ues. Turkey must withdraw its troops from Cy- tions must be broken. And the intercommunal The world community is in agreement that prus. strife that has torn Cypriots apart must be set- the State of Cyprus must remain a single sov- My colleagues, as Representative BILIRAKIS tled peacefully. But none of these worthy ob- ereignty and international personality, with a has eloquently demonstrated, Turkey's occu- jectives can occur as long as Turkey contin- single citizenship, and with its independence pation of Cyprus represents over two decades ues to violate international law and flout U.N. and territorial integrity preserved. of unanswered questions, over two decades of resolutions condemning its oppressive occupa- The continued presence of 30,000 foreign division, over two decades of human rights tion of one-third of Cypriot territory. troops in Cyprus prevents the people of that It is indeed a sad testament to the intran- violations, and over two decades of cultural island from reaching a settlement of these po- destruction. sigence of Turkey's position that 22 years litical differences. after its invasion of northern Cyprus, it still The United States has not only a strategic These troops must be withdrawn as soon as interest in the eastern Mediterranean, but maintains over 30,000 troops on the island. possible. The Ankara government must come to the re- more importantly, we have a humanitarian in- Demilitarization of the Republic of Cyprus terest in seeking peace in Cyprus. I look for- alization that its troops in northern Cyprus would meet the security concerns of all parties stand as an obstacle to a just and permanent ward to continuing the dialog that we have involved and would enhance prospects for a shared tonight to ensure that peace in Cyprus resolution of the Cypriot problem. peaceful and lasting solution that would bene- President Glafcos Clerides deserves to be is one day a reality. fit all the people of Cyprus. Ms. FURSE. Mr. Speaker, I rise to address commended for his honesty, flexibility and This can only be achieved if the invading the need for a peaceful resolution of the situa- good faith efforts to broach the great divide army withdraws from Cyprus and returns to its that needlessly separates Greek Cypriots from tion in Cyprus. own territoryÐwhere it belongs. Turkish Cypriots. I would also like to commend The great tragedy of the foreign invasion of The 18 percent Turkish-Cypriot and over 80 the efforts of our special Presidential envoy for Cyprus is that the people of that island have percent Greek-Cypriot population of [Cyprus Cyprus, Richard Beattie, who has actively lived together for centuries, and can work out lived in harmony on Cyprus for centuries. been soliciting the good will and support of the their differences as fellow Cypriots. Twenty-two years ago this month, Turkish international community to bring to an end They did not need a foreign army and an troops invaded Cyprus and continue their oc- what has thus far proven to be one of the outside government to come into their country cupation of the northern portion of Cyprus most intractable problems in Europe. and seek to impose a foreign solution to their today. A barbed-wire fence cuts across the is- Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. Speaker, I would like to land separating thousands of Greek Cypriots applaud and express my gratitude to my fellow problems. A continuation of a divided Cyprus is not in from the towns and communities in which they colleagues for conducting this special order to and their families had previously lived for gen- acknowledge the 22d anniversary of the Turk- the interest of any of the Cypriots. Since the invasion and occupation of the erations. ish occupation of Cyprus. Last month, I was among the 91 Members This year the Members of the House meet northern third of the island in 1974, the people living in the free two-thirds have seen their of Congress signing letters to President Clin- again to remember this sad day and to de- ton expressing strong support for this adminis- nounce the atrocities taking place in Cyprus. economy soar and per capita incomes in- crease from $1,500 in 1973 to over $10,000 tration's efforts to promote a just and viable There are still 1,619 people missing as a re- solution to the long-standing Cyprus dispute. sult of the occupation. Five of these missing today. The free people of Cyprus are negotiat- A resolution calling for demilitarization in Cy- persons are American citizens. This is an out- ing with the European Union to join the Union prus had already been adopted by voice vote rage. as full and respected members of modern Eu- In the time since the Turks have taken over ropean society. in the House. Our letter to President Clinton Cyprus the situation there has steadily wors- Meanwhile, in the occupied territories, living stated that this solution must be based on the ened. The widespread violence and violations standards have stagnatedÐan inevitable con- principles adopted in United Nations Security of human rights can not be ignored. Action sequence of the lack of real freedom and jus- Council Resolution 939 and in our Cyprus De- must be taken to amend these horrible trav- tice. militarization Resolution. Both state that a so- esties. That all Cypriots will one day again live in lution must be based on a State of Cyprus For some time I have been interested in the freedom under a just and democratic govern- with a single sovereignty and international per- situation in Cyprus. I have supported legisla- ment, free from foreign military domination and sonality. It must comprise two politically equal tion which would require an investigation into control, is the goal that we must have. communities in bicommunal and bizonal fed- the whereabouts of the United States citizens Today, as we remember the events of 22d eration. and others missing from Cyprus. Another bill I years ago, I reiterate my firm support for that Meetings with high-level United States ad- have supported would prohibit all United goal. ministration officials have taken place in Tur- States military and economic assistance for Mr. FAZIO. Mr. Speaker, I am glad to have key, Greece, and Cyprus. In addition, Presi- Turkey until the Turkish Government takes re- the opportunity to participate in the special dent Clinton has met with the President of sponsibility for its actions in Cyprus and com- order on Cyprus and I commend the gen- Turkey and the President and Prime Minister plies with its obligations under international tleman from Florida [Mr. BILIRAKIS] for calling of Greece. I would also note the very impor- law. I have also cosponsored a concurrent this special order. tant work that has been done by my friend, resolution supporting a settlement of the dis- This month marks the 22 year of Turkey's il- Ambassador John McDonald and Louise Dia- pute regarding Cyprus. I hope there will soon legal invasion and occupation of the island of mond of the Institute for Multi-Track Diplomary be a resolution to the problems in Cyprus Cyprus. In an area that has seen the collapse in facilitating numerous contacts between Cyp- once and for all. of communism, the fall of the Berlin Wall, the riots on both sides of the dispute. Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, the is- dismantling of apartheid in South Africa, and I believe we are in the process of solving land of Cyprus was invaded by a foreign army even a tentative peace between Israel and its this long-standing problem, and I stress the on July 20, 1974. neighbors, the sovereign Republic of Cyprus need to do so nonviolently. I look forward to As we remember this sad anniversary, we continues to remain occupied by over 35,000 continuing to work with my colleagues on this must renew our determination to do whatever Turkish troops. very important issue. July 23, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H8245 Mr. ZIMMER. Mr. Speaker, I thank my col- ment of the island's armed conflict. A peaceful Mr. LAFALCE. league, Mr. BILIRAKIS , for once again arrang- resolution of this conflict is long overdue. Mr. MINK of Hawaii. ing this special order on Cyprus. I join my col- f Mr. PALLONE. leagues in calling for a swift and peaceful end Mr. DEUTSCH. LEAVE OF ABSENCE to the illegal occupation of nearly 40 percent Mr. RAHALL. of Cyprus by Turkey. By unanimous consent, leave of ab- (The following Members (at the re- That occupation has persisted since Turkey sence was granted to: quest of Mr. PORTER) and to include ex- invaded Cyprus in July 1974. And, for 22 Mr. SAXTON (at the request of Mr. traneous matter:) years, Turkey has ignored or rejected every ARMEY) for today until 4 p.m., on ac- Mr. LEWIS of California. effort to end that occupation and to resolve count of family illness. Mr. TALENT. the agony it has created. Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois (at the re- Mr. ROTH. There are 1,614 Greek Cypriots who were quest of Mr. GEPHARDT) for today and Mr. BUYER. abducted by Turkish troops in that 1974 inva- the balance of the week, on account of Mr. GEKAS. sion and who remain missing today. I was ap- personal business. Mr. GALLEGLY. palled by comments made by Turkish Cypriot Mr. FIELDS of Louisiana (at the re- Mr. CLINGER. leader Rauf Danktash that these people must quest of Mr. GEPHARDT) for today from Mr. SOLOMON. be presumed dead, and that some were killed 1 p.m. until 2:30 p.m., on account of ill- Mr. GILMAN. by vengeful Turkish Cypriot irregulars who ness. (The following Members (at the re- were under command of none other than f quest of Mr. BILIRAKIS) and to include Danktash himself. extraneous matter:) SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED Given these revelations, the United Nations Mr. CONDIT. ought to conduct an immediate and thorough By unanimous consent, permission to Mr. KIM. investigation to learn once and for all the fate address the House, following the legis- Mr. MORAN. of the persons reported as missing, including lative program and any special orders Mr. FILNER. five Americans. heretofore entered, was granted to: Mr. KLINK. Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to (The following members (at the re- Mr. ENGLISH of Pennsylvania. join with my colleagues in marking the 22d quest of Mr. PORTER) to revise and ex- f year of Turkey's illegal invasion and partition tend their remarks and include extra- neous material:) of the Republic of Cyprus. I commend Mr. ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED BILIRAKIS for his diligence on this issue and Mr. CLINGER, for 5 minutes each day, thank him for calling this special order. on July 25 and 29. Mr. THOMAS, from the Committee This anniversary is not a happy occasion, Mr. EHLERS, for 5 minutes each day, on House Oversight, reported that that Mr. Speaker, but it is one which serves to re- today and on July 24 and 25. committee had examined and found mind us of the continuing strife that the people Mr. ENGLISH of Pennsylvania, for 5 truly enrolled bills of the House of the of Cyprus have faced day-in and day-out for minutes, today. following titles, which were thereupon over two decades. Mr. SHAYS, for 5 minutes each day, signed by the Speaker: In 1974, using United States military equip- today and on July 24. H.R. 497. An act, to create the National ment, Turkey invaded the Republic of Cyprus, Mr. LEACH, for 5 minutes, today. Gambling Impact and Policy Commission. killing 4,000 Greek Cypriots and capturing Mr. KINGSTON, for 5 minutes, today. H.R. 3161. An act to authorize the exten- sion of nondiscriminatory treatment (most- over 1,600 others, including 5 United States Mr. RIGGS, for 5 minutes, on July 24 favored-nation treatment) to the products of citizens. Though the Turkish Government has and 26. Romania. been condemned by this Congress and the (The following Member (at the re- H.R. 3107. An act to impose sanctions on international community time and time again, it quest of Mr. KLINK) to revise and ex- persons making certain investments directly has not halted its unjustified occupation. tend her remarks and include extra- and significantly contributing to the en- Today, Cyprus remains cruelly divided. A neous material:) hancement of the ability of Iran or Libya to barbed-wire fence known as the green line Ms. NORTON, for 5 minutes, today. develop its petroleum resources, and on per- cuts across the island separating thousands of f sons exporting certain items from enhance Greek Cypriots from the towns and commu- Libya’s weapons or aviation capabilities or EXTENSION OF REMARKS enhance Libya’s ability to develop its petro- nities in which they and their families had pre- leum resources, and for other purposes. viously lived for generations. By unanimous consent, permission to The human rights violations by the Turkish revise and extend remarks was granted f Government on the people of Cyprus also to: continue. The freedoms of religion and assem- (The following Members (at the re- ADJOURNMENT bly are frequently stifled, and intimidation by quest of Mr. KLINK) and to include ex- Mr. HORN. Mr. Speaker, I move that the military is ongoing and ever present. traneous matter:) the House do now adjourn. Mr. Speaker, it is appropriate today for us to Mr. SKELTON. The motion was agreed to; accord- reiterate our commitment to a resolution of the Mr. JACOBS. ingly (at 11 o’clock and 23 minutes Cypriot situation, and to commend Greek Cyp- Mr. CONDIT. p.m.) the House adjourned until riots for their dedication to a peaceful settle- Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Wednesday, July 24, 1996, at 10 a.m. h EXPENDITURE REPORTS CONCERNING OFFICIAL FOREIGN TRAVEL Reports concerning the foreign currencies and U.S. dollars utilized by various committees, House of Representatives, during the 1st and 2d quarters of 1996 in connection with official foreign travel, pursuant to Public Law 95–384, are as fol- lows:

REPORT OF EXPENDITURES FOR OFFICIAL FOREIGN TRAVEL, COMMITTEE ON BANKING AND FINANCIAL SERVICES, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, EXPENDED BETWEEN JAN. 1 AND MAR. 31, 1996

Date Per diem 1 Transportation Other purposes Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name of Member or employee Country Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Arrival Departure currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency 2 currency 2 currency 2 currency 2

James McCormick ...... 2/6 2/8 Hong Kong ...... 0.00 ...... 0.00 2/8 2/10 Thailand ...... 434.00 ...... 434.00 2/10 2/12 Malaysia ...... 406.00 ...... 406.00 2/12 2/14 Indonesia ...... 450.00 ...... 450.00 2/14 2/16 Singapore ...... 506.00 ...... 506.00 2/16 2/18 Cambodia ...... 417.75 ...... 110.00 ...... 527.75