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The Locations and Relocations of Lusophone Studies
The Locations and Relocations of Lusophone Studies josiah blackmore harvard university “ usophone studies,” or the range of topics and methodologies centered on Lthe study of the Portuguese-speaking world, is a relatively recent disciplinary designation with origins in Portuguese studies and Luso-Brazilian studies. As a field, Lusophone studies encompasses the study of Portugal and Portuguese- speaking countries and communities outside of Portugal, such as those in Africa (Angola, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Cabo Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea) and in Asia (e.g., Macau, Timor, and India) but is typically exclusive of Brazil. Lusophone studies, therefore, takes as its collective matter of analysis a vast geographical arena south and east of Portugal with a variety of cultures and national and ethnic identities that at one point existed under the umbrella of Portuguese colonialism. The extended geographical arena of the field also supports a practice of interdisciplinary scholarship that reaches out- side of traditional literary studies and history to include cinema studies, dias- poric studies, or gender and sexuality studies that are commensurate with developments in other humanities disciplines. The current configurations of Lusophone studies raise the question of disci- plinary labels and scholarly practices, which in turn reveal a politics of identity and even a struggle for survival of a comparatively small field in the North Amer- ican academy. Entrenched biases or geopolitical realities have long affected Luso- phone studies, not to mention the name of the field itself. On the one hand, shifting nomenclatures reveal a consciousness of collective identities and affilia- tions to national, political, or cultural realities, while on the other hand they can act as strategic attempts to delineate the specific national and cultural purviews of study that define the discipline. -
Flippin' Scripts
FLIPPIN’ SCRIPTS: LANGUAGE IDEOLOGIES AND LANGUAGE PRACTICES IN A DUAL IMMERSION BILINGUAL PROGRAM A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION AND THE COMMITTEE ON GRADUATE STUDIES OF STANFORD UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Luis Poza June 25, 2014 © 2014 by Luis Ernesto Poza. All Rights Reserved. Re-distributed by Stanford University under license with the author. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- Noncommercial 3.0 United States License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/ This dissertation is online at: http://purl.stanford.edu/cm329ff4174 ii I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Guadalupe Valdes, Primary Adviser I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. H. Alim I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Francisco Ramirez Approved for the Stanford University Committee on Graduate Studies. Patricia J. Gumport, Vice Provost for Graduate Education This signature page was generated electronically upon submission of this dissertation in electronic format. An original signed hard copy of the signature page is on file in University Archives. iii Abstract Flippin’ Scripts: Language Ideologies and Language Practices In a Dual Immersion Bilingual Program by Luis Poza Stanford Graduate School of Education Professor Guadalupe Valdés, chair In light of persistent inequalities in the education of students learning societally dominant languages in schools and their peers, this study explores the language ideologies and practices for a grade-level cohort at one particular dual immersion (DI) bilingual program. -
Portuguese Language in Angola: Luso-Creoles' Missing Link? John M
Portuguese language in Angola: luso-creoles' missing link? John M. Lipski {presented at annual meeting of the AATSP, San Diego, August 9, 1995} 0. Introduction Portuguese explorers first reached the Congo Basin in the late 15th century, beginning a linguistic and cultural presence that in some regions was to last for 500 years. In other areas of Africa, Portuguese-based creoles rapidly developed, while for several centuries pidginized Portuguese was a major lingua franca for the Atlantic slave trade, and has been implicated in the formation of many Afro- American creoles. The original Portuguese presence in southwestern Africa was confined to limited missionary activity, and to slave trading in coastal depots, but in the late 19th century, Portugal reentered the Congo-Angola region as a colonial power, committed to establishing permanent European settlements in Africa, and to Europeanizing the native African population. In the intervening centuries, Angola and the Portuguese Congo were the source of thousands of slaves sent to the Americas, whose language and culture profoundly influenced Latin American varieties of Portuguese and Spanish. Despite the key position of the Congo-Angola region for Ibero-American linguistic development, little is known of the continuing use of the Portuguese language by Africans in Congo-Angola during most of the five centuries in question. Only in recent years has some attention been directed to the Portuguese language spoken non-natively but extensively in Angola and Mozambique (Gonçalves 1983). In Angola, the urban second-language varieties of Portuguese, especially as spoken in the squatter communities of Luanda, have been referred to as Musseque Portuguese, a name derived from the KiMbundu term used to designate the shantytowns themselves. -
Searching for the Origins of Uruguayan Fronterizo Dialects: Radical Code-Mixing As “Fluent Dysfluency”
Searching for the origins of Uruguayan Fronterizo dialects: radical code-mixing as “fluent dysfluency” JOHN M. LIPSKI Abstract Spoken in northern Uruguay along the border with Brazil are intertwined Spanish-Portuguese dialects known to linguists as Fronterizo `border’ dialects, and to the speakers themselves as portuñol. Since until the second half of the 19th century northern Uruguay was populated principally by monolingual Portuguese speakers, it is usually assumed that Fronterizo arose when Spanish-speaking settlers arrived in large numbers. Left unexplained, however, is the genesis of morphosyntactically intertwined language, rather than, e.g. Spanish with many Portuguese borrowings or vice versa. The present study analyzes data from several communities along the Brazilian border (in Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay), where Portuguese is spoken frequently but dysfluently (with much involuntary mixing of Spanish) by Spanish speakers in their dealings with Brazilians. A componential analysis of mixed language from these communities is compared with Uruguayan Fronterizo data, and a high degree of quantitative structural similarity is demonstrated. The inclusion of sociohistorical data from late 19th century northern Uruguay complements the contemporary Spanish-Portuguese mixing examples, in support of the claim that Uruguayan Fronterizo was formed not in a situation of balanced bilingualism but rather as the result of the sort of fluid but dysfluent approximations to a second language found in contemporary border communities. 1. Introduction Among the languages of the world, mixed or intertwined languages are quite rare, and have provoked considerable debate among linguists. The most well- known cases, Michif, combining French and Cree (Bakker and Papen 1997; Bakker 1996), and Media Lengua, combining Spanish and Quechua (Muysken 1981, 1989, 1997), rather systematically juxtapose lexical items from a European language and functional items from a Native American language, in Journal of Portuguese Linguistics, 8-1 (2009), 3-44 ISSN 1645-4537 4 John M. -
Dramatizing the Sura of Joseph: an Introduction to the Islamic Humanities
Dramatizing the Sura of Joseph: An introduction to the Islamic humanities Author: James Winston Morris Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/4235 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Published in Journal of Turkish Studies, vol. 18, pp. 201-224, 1994 Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons "Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States" (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/) Dramatizing the Sura ofJoseph: An Introduction to the Islamic Humanities. In Annemarie Schimmel Festschrift, special issue of Journal of Turkish Studies (H8lVard), vol. 18 (1994), pp. 20\·224. Dramatizing the Sura of Joseph: An Introduction to the Islamic Humanities. In Annemarie Schimmel Festschrift, special issue of Journal of Turkish Studies (Harvard), vol. 18 (1994), pp. 201-224. DRAMATIZING THE SURA OF JOSEPH: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE ISLAMIC HUMANITIES James W. Morris J "Surely We are recounting 10 you the most good-and-beautiful of laJes ...." (Qur'an. 12:3) Certainly no other scholar ofher generation has dooe mae than Annemarie Schimmel to ilIwninal.e the key role of the Islamic hwnanities over the centuries in communicating and bringing alive for Muslims the inner meaning of the Quru and hadilh in 30 many diverse languages and cultural settings. Long before a concern with '"populal'," oral and ve:macul.- religious cultures (including tKe lives of Muslim women) had become so fashK:inable in religious and bi.storica1 studies. Professor Scbimmel's anicJes and books were illuminating the ongoing crutive expressions and transfonnalions fA Islamic perspectives in both written and orallilrnblr'es., as well as the visual ar:1S, in ways tba have only lllCentIy begun 10 make their war into wider scholarly and popular understandings of the religion of Islam. -
MAINTAINING FARSI AS a HERITAGE LANGUAGE in the UNITED STATES: EXPLORING PERSIAN PARENTS’ ATTITUDES, EFFORTS, and CHALLENGES By
MAINTAINING FARSI AS A HERITAGE LANGUAGE IN THE UNITED STATES: EXPLORING PERSIAN PARENTS’ ATTITUDES, EFFORTS, AND CHALLENGES by Maryam Salahshoor A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of George Mason University in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Education Committee: Chair Program Director Dean, College of Education and Human Development Date: Spring Semester 2017 George Mason University Fairfax, VA Maintaining Farsi as a Heritage Language in the United States: Exploring Persian Parents’ Attitudes, Efforts, and Challenges A Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at George Mason University by Maryam Salahshoor Master of Education University of North Florida, 1999 Bachelor of Science Ferdowsi University, 1990 Director: Marjorie Hall Haley, Professor College of Education and Human Development Spring Semester 2017 George Mason University Fairfax, VA THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION-NODERIVS 3.0 UNPORTED LICENSE. ii Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to the memory of late my mother, Sakineh Hadadian, who emphasized the importance of education and instilled in me the inspiration to set high goals and the confidence to achieve them. And to the memory of my late father, Ali Javanmardi, who has been my role-model for hard work, persistence and personal sacrifices. I would also like dedicate this to my loving Husband Amir Salahshoor who has been proud and supportive of my work and who has shared the many uncertainties, challenges and sacrifices for completing this dissertation and to my lovely daughter Mondona, my two sons Kian and Cyrus who were supportive and encouraged me to complete this dissertation. -
Translating Brazil: from Transnational Periodicals to Hemispheric Fictions, 1808-2010
Translating Brazil: From Transnational Periodicals to Hemispheric Fictions, 1808-2010 By Krista Marie Brune A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Hispanic Languages and Literatures in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Natalia Brizuela, Co-chair Professor Candace Slater, Co-chair Professor Scott Saul Spring 2016 Abstract Translating Brazil: From Transnational Periodicals to Hemispheric Fictions, 1808-2010 by Krista Marie Brune Doctor of Philosophy in Hispanic Languages and Literatures University of California, Berkeley Professor Natalia Brizuela, Co-chair Professor Candace Slater, Co-chair This dissertation analyzes how travel and translation informed the construction of Brazil as modern in the 19th century, and how similar processes of transnational translation continue to shape the cultural visibility of the nation abroad in the contemporary moment. By reading journals, literary works, and cultural criticism, this study inserts Brazilian literature and culture into recent debates about translatability, world literature, and cosmopolitanism, while also underscoring the often-overlooked presence of Brazilians in the United States. The first half of the dissertation contends that Portuguese-language periodicals Correio Braziliense (London, 1808-1822), Revista Nitheroy (Paris, 1836), and O Novo Mundo (New York, 1870-1879) translated European and North American ideas of technology and education to a readership primarily in Brazil. The transnational circulation of these periodicals contributed to the self- fashioning of intellectuals who came to define the nation. To suggest parallels between Brazil and the United States in the late 19th century, the analysis of O Novo Mundo focuses on discourses of nation, modernity, and technological progress emerging in the hemispheric travels of scientists, intellectuals, and the Brazilian empire Dom Pedro II, and in the national displays at the 1876 Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia. -
John the Baptist Conferring the Aaronic Priesthood
John the Baptist Conferring the Aaronic Priesthood Doctrine and Covenants 13; Joseph Smith—History 1:68–73 Upon you my fellow servants, in the name of Messiah I confer the Priesthood of Aaron, which holds the keys of the ministering of angels, and of the gospel of repentance, and of baptism by immersion for the remission of sins. Doctrine and Covenants 13 oseph Smith translated the golden plates into Holy Ghost. The angel commanded Joseph and English, and Oliver Cowdery wrote the trans- Oliver to be baptized. He told Joseph to baptize Jlation down. While translating, they learned Oliver and then Oliver to baptize Joseph. (See about baptism for the remission of sins. On May Joseph Smith—History 1:70.) 15, 1829, they went into the woods to pray, to They baptized each other in the Susquehanna ask Heavenly Father about baptism. (See Joseph River near Harmony, Pennsylvania. Then, fol- Smith—History 1:68, 72.) lowing the angel’s instructions, Joseph laid his As they prayed, an angel from heaven appeared hands upon Oliver’s head and ordained Oliver in a cloud of light. He laid his hands on Joseph to the Aaronic Priesthood. Oliver then ordained and Oliver and ordained them, saying, “Upon Joseph in the same way. (See Joseph Smith— you my fellow servants, in the name of Messiah, History 1:71; D&C 13, section heading.) I confer the Priesthood of Aaron, which holds The angel said his name was John the Baptist. the keys of the ministering of angels, and of the He told them he was acting under the direction gospel of repentance, and of baptism by im- of Peter, James, and John, who held the keys mersion for the remission of sins; and this shall of the Melchizedek Priesthood. -
The Use of Third Person Accusative Pronouns in Spoken Brazilian Portuguese: an Analysis of Different Tv Genres
THE USE OF THIRD PERSON ACCUSATIVE PRONOUNS IN SPOKEN BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE: AN ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TV GENRES by Flávia Stocco Garcia A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Department of Linguistics University of Manitoba Winnipeg Copyright © 2015 by Flávia Stocco Garcia ABSTRACT This thesis presents an analysis of third person accusative pronouns in Brazilian Portuguese. With the aim to analyze the variation between the use of standard (prescribed by normative grammar) and non-standard pronouns found in oral language, I gathered data from three kinds of TV show (news, non-scripted and soap-opera) in order to determine which form of pronoun is more common and if there is any linguistic and/or sociolinguistic factors that will influence on their usage. Based on data collected, I demonstrate that non-standard forms are favored in general and that the rules prescribed by normative grammar involving standard forms are only followed in specific contexts. Among all the variables considered for the analysis, the ones that showed to be significant were the kind of show, the context of the utterance, the socio-economic status of the speaker and verbs in the infinitive. Considering my results, I provide a discussion regarding to which extent the distribution of the 3rd-person pronouns on TV reflect their use by Brazilians and a brief discussion of other issues related to my findings conclude this work. 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my gratitude to my advisor, Verónica Loureiro-Rodríguez, for all her help during the completion of this work. -
Litany of Saint Joseph (Latin)
LITANY OF SAINT JOSEPH (LATIN) Kyrie, eleison. Kyrie, eleison. Christe, eleison. Christe, eleison. Kyrie, eleison. Kyrie, eleison. Christe, exaudi nos. Christe, audi nos. Pater de caelis, Deus, miserere nobis. Fili, Redemptor mundi, Deus, miserere nobis. Spiritus Sancte Deus, miserere nobis. Sancta Trinitas, unus Deus, miserere nobis. Sancta Maria, ora pro nobis. Sancte Ioseph, ora pro nobis. Proles David inclyta, ora pro nobis. Lumen Patriarcharum, ora pro nobis. Dei Genetricis Sponse, ora pro nobis. Custos pudice Virginis, ora pro nobis. Filii Dei nutricie, ora pro nobis. Christi defensor sedule, ora pro nobis. Almae Familiae praeses, ora pro nobis. Ioseph iustissime, ora pro nobis. Ioseph castissime, ora pro nobis. Ioseph prudentissime, ora pro nobis. Ioseph fortissime, ora pro nobis. Ioseph oboedientissime, ora pro nobis. Ioseph fidelissime, ora pro nobis. Speculum patientiae, ora pro nobis. Amator paupertatis, ora pro nobis. Exemplar opificum, ora pro nobis. Domesticae vitae decus, ora pro nobis. Custos virginum, ora pro nobis. Familiarum columen, ora pro nobis. Solatium miserorum, ora pro nobis. Spes aegrotantium, ora pro nobis. Patrone morientium, ora pro nobis. Terror daemonum, ora pro nobis. Protector sanctae Ecclesiae, ora pro nobis. Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, parce nobis, Domine. Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, exaudi nobis, Domine. Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis. V. Constituit eum dominum domus suae. R. Et principem omnis possessionis suae. Oremus: Deus, qui in ineffabili providentia beatum Ioseph sanctissimae Genetricis tuae Sponsum eligere dignatus es, praesta, quaesumus, ut quem protectorem veneramur in terris, intercessorem habere mereamur in caelis: Qui vivis et regnas in saecula saeculorum. Amen. Year of Saint Joseph, 2021 Archdiocese of Philadelphia . -
Understanding the Tonada Cordobesa from an Acoustic
UNDERSTANDING THE TONADA CORDOBESA FROM AN ACOUSTIC, PERCEPTUAL AND SOCIOLINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVE by María Laura Lenardón B.A., TESOL, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 2000 M.A., Spanish Translation, Kent State University, 2003 M.A., Hispanic Linguistics, University of Pittsburgh, 2009 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2017 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by María Laura Lenardón It was defended on April 21, 2017 and approved by Dr. Shelome Gooden, Associate Professor of Linguistics, University of Pittsburgh Dr. Susana de los Heros, Professor of Hispanic Studies, University of Rhode Island Dr. Matthew Kanwit, Assistant Professor of Linguistics, University of Pittsburgh Dissertation Advisor: Dr. Scott F. Kiesling, Professor of Linguistics, University of Pittsburgh ii Copyright © by María Laura Lenardón 2017 iii UNDERSTANDING THE TONADA CORDOBESA FROM AN ACOUSTIC, PERCEPTUAL AND SOCIOLINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVE María Laura Lenardón, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2017 The goal of this dissertation is to gain a better understanding of a non-standard form of pretonic vowel lengthening or the tonada cordobesa, in Cordobese Spanish, an understudied dialect in Argentina. This phenomenon is analyzed in two different but complementary studies and perspectives, each of which contributes to a better understanding of the sociolinguistic factors that constrain its variation, as well as the social meanings of this feature in Argentina. Study 1 investigates whether position in the intonational phrase (IP), vowel concordance, and social class and gender condition pretonic vowel lengthening from informal conversations with native speakers (n=20). -
Field-Testing Code-Switching Constraints: a Report on a Strategic Languages Project
languages Article Field-Testing Code-Switching Constraints: A Report on a Strategic Languages Project John M. Lipski Department of Spanish, Italian and Portuguese, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA; [email protected]; Tel.: +1-814-865-6583 Received: 28 November 2017; Accepted: 28 January 2019; Published: 1 February 2019 Abstract: The present article provides an overview of ongoing field-based research that deploys a variety of interactive experimental procedures in three strategically chosen bilingual contact environments, whose language dyads facilitate a partial separation of morphosyntactic factors in order to test the extent to which proposed grammatical constraints on intra-sentential code-switching are independent of language-specific factors. For purposes of illustration, the possibility of language switches between subject pronouns and verbs is compared for the three bilingual groups. The first scenario includes Ecuadoran Quichua and Media Lengua (entirely Quichua syntax and system morphology, all lexical roots replaced by Spanish items; both are null-subject languages). The second juxtaposes Spanish and the Afro-Colombian creole language Palenquero; the languages share highly cognate lexicons but differ substantially in grammatical structures (including null subjects in Spanish, only overt subjects in Palenquero). Spanish and Portuguese in north-eastern Argentina along the Brazilian border form the third focus: lexically and grammatically highly cognate languages that are nonetheless kept distinct by speakers (both null-subject languages, albeit with different usage patterns). Results from the three communities reveal a residual resistance against PRONOUN + VERB switches irrespective of the subject-verb configuration, thereby motivating the application of similar techniques to other proposed grammatical constraints.